1 100 7 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/857f2e7d6754774ca0524f1b2c3be13f.mp3 529d983a4d476472e2c7af2bc648d3ed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Georgetown Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Georgetown was established by the city's founder, Henry Shelton Sanford, in the 1870s. The neighborhood spans along Sanford Avenue, with its commercial district between First Street and Fifth Street, and its historic district between Seventh Street and Tenth Street. Though originally much smaller, Georgetown spanned to its present boundaries from East Second Street to Celery Avenue and from Sanford Avenue to Mellonville Avenue. Georgetown thrived at its height from circa 1880 to 1940, particularly in agriculture and transportation. Alternative Title Georgetown Collection Subject Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Contributor Firpo, Julio R. Rock, Adam Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/78" target="_blank">Marie J. Francis Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/101" target="_blank">Sanford Avenue Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. "<a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483" target="_blank">Pathways to History - Historic Georgetown</a>." City of Sanford. http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Firpo, Julio R. Interviewee Refoe, Annye Location Sanford, Florida Original Format 1 audio recording Duration 1 hour, 33 minutes, and 36 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 1411 kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Dr. Annye Refoe Alternative Title Oral History, Refoe Subject Sanford (Fla.) Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) African Americans--Florida--Sanford Teachers--Florida Educators--Florida Segregation--Florida Nashville (Tenn.) Description Annye Refoe, the daughter of Herman L. Refoe, Jr. and Shellye L. Refoe, was born on January 29, 1951. Since her parents both taught at Midway Elementary School, Refoe also attended the school, as opposed to attending Hopper Academy in Georgetown, an historic neighborhood in Sanford, Florida. Refoegraduated from Seminole High School in the class of 1969. After her treatment in the newly integrated Seminole High School, Refoe decided to enroll in a historically black college/university. She graduated from Fisk College in Nashville with a bachelor of arts degree in English in 1973. Upon her return from college, Annye began teaching in August 1974 at Lake Howell High School in Winter Park. In 1982, she started teaching at Seminole Community College, where she later became the Dean of the Arts and Humanities. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:32 Growing up in Sanford 0:01:36 Richard Wright's depictions of the South 0:03:09 First time being called "nigger" 0:03:48 Education 0:04:15 Comparing Georgetown and Midway 0:11:56 Growing up in Georgetown and attending Crooms High School 0:15:31 Desegregation at Seminole High School 0:20:02 Interaction with white people in the business district 0:26:38 Working at a drug store 0:30:54 Seeing The Great White Hope at the Ritz Theatre 0:32:00 Seminole County Public Schools 0:34:51 White teachers' reactions to having black students 0:37:44 Ku Klux Klan riots 0:38:59 Experience at Fisk University in Nashville 0:41:25 Majoring in English and dream of being the first female sports columnist 0:42:37 Interacting with communities in Nashville and student protests 0:45:30 Moving back to Sanford and then to Winter Park 0:46:50 Influence of her parents on her life and the community 0:54:51 How Sanford changed oved time 1:00:17 Teaching at Seminole County College 1:00:24 RECORDING CUTS OFF 1:00:24 White teacher barred from teaching ballet to African-American children 1:02:08 Returning to Sanford and employment after college in the 1970s 1:07:21 Experience as teacher and later as dean at SCC 1:13:58 Experience teaching right after college and being called "nigger" by a student at Lake Howell High School 1:19:20 How Refoe distanced herself from Sanford 1:21:03 Disintegration of sense of community due to integration 1:23:02 Need for preserving past 01:23:37 Annye's definition of Sanford while growing up and in the present 1:27:56 Annye's gratitude for being a teacher 1:30:10 How people connect to Sanford 1:33:50 Sanford and other small towns losing their history Abstract Oral history interview of Annye Refoe. Interview conducted by Julio R. Firpo at the home of Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright in Sanford, Florida. Type Sound Source Refoe, Annye. Interview by Julio R. Firpo. Home of Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright. April 15, 2011. Audio record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/41" target="_blank"> Georgetown Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Midway Elementary School, Midway, Sanford, Florida Crooms High School, Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Seminole High School, Sanford, Florida Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida Fisk University, Nashville, Tennessee Lake Howell High School, Winter Park, Florida Creator Firpo, Julio R. Refoe, Annye Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Wright, Stephen Caldwell Date Created 2011-04-15 Date Modified 2014-03-17 Format audio/mp3 Extent 944 MB Medium 1-hour, 33-minute, 36-second audio recording Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Julio R. Firpo and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Firpo, Julio R. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. "<a href="http://croomsaoit.org/#about" target="_blank">About Crooms Academy</a>." Crooms Academy of Information Technology, Seminole County Public Schools. http://croomsaoit.org/#about. Postal, Leslie. <a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2001-11-23/news/0111230278_1_crooms-academy-seminole-sanford" target="_blank">"Historic Crooms Academy Embraces A High-tech Future</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, November 23, 2001. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2001-11-23/news/0111230278_1_crooms-academy-seminole-sanford. Robison, Jim. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1991-08-04/news/9108030386_1_crooms-academy-sanford-hopper" target="_blank">Professor's Legacy Lives On In Seminole School History</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, August 4, 1991. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1991-08-04/news/9108030386_1_crooms-academy-sanford-hopper. "<a href="http://www.goldsboromuseum.com/The-Education-In-Goldsboro.html" target="_blank">Education In Goldsboro & Sanford</a>." Goldsboro Historical Museum. http://www.goldsboromuseum.com/The-Education-In-Goldsboro.html. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Cohen, Rodney T. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53874175" target="_blank">Fisk University</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2001. "<a href="http://www.seminolestate.edu/about/who-we-are" target="_blank">Who We Are</a>." Seminole State College of Florida. http://www.seminolestate.edu/about/who-we-are. African American ballet Brooks, Gwendolyn CHS Crooms High School Dean of the Arts and Humanities demonstration desegregation education Fisk College Francis, Daphne F. Francis, Gayle Georgetown Goldsboro Haley, Alex high school historic preservation Hopper Academy Humphrey, Daphne F. integration JHS Jones High School KKK Ku Klux Klan Lake Howell High School LHHS Midway Midway Elementary School Nashville, Tennessee protest race relations racism Refoe, Annye Refoe, Herman L., Jr. Refoe, Shellye L. riot Ritz Theatre Sanford Sanford Avenue SCC school SCPS segregation Seminole Community College Seminole County Public Schools Seminole High School Seminole State College SHS South SSC student movement The Great White Hope Winter Park Wright, Richard Wright, Stephen Caldwell https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7b67bde876a23ec097849ff291c4356f.jpg 77dea6755f29dd5db26bf6de7c95a545 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Georgetown Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Georgetown was established by the city's founder, Henry Shelton Sanford, in the 1870s. The neighborhood spans along Sanford Avenue, with its commercial district between First Street and Fifth Street, and its historic district between Seventh Street and Tenth Street. Though originally much smaller, Georgetown spanned to its present boundaries from East Second Street to Celery Avenue and from Sanford Avenue to Mellonville Avenue. Georgetown thrived at its height from circa 1880 to 1940, particularly in agriculture and transportation. Alternative Title Georgetown Collection Subject Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Contributor Firpo, Julio R. Rock, Adam Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/78" target="_blank">Marie J. Francis Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/101" target="_blank">Sanford Avenue Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. "<a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483" target="_blank">Pathways to History - Historic Georgetown</a>." City of Sanford. http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Wilson-Eichelberger Mortuary, 2011 Alternative Title Wilson-Eichelberger Mortuary Subject Sanford (Fla.) Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Mortuaries Funeral homes--United States Description Wilson-Eichelberger Mortuary, located at 1100 Pine Avenue, in 2011. The mortuary is a long-standing business within the historic African-American district of Georgetown of Sanford, Florida. Georgetown was established by the city's founder, Henry Shelton Sanford, as a suburb for African-American residents in the 1870s. The neighborhood spans along Sanford Avenue, with its commercial district between First Street and Fifth Street and its historic district between Seventh Street and Tenth Street. Though originally much smaller, Georgetown spanned to its present boundaries from East Second Street to Celery Avenue and from Sanford Avenue to Mellonville Avenue. Georgetown thrived at its height from circa 1880 to 1940, particularly in agriculture and transportation. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Julio R. Firpo, April 26, 2011. Coverage Wilson-Eichelberger Mortuary, Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Creator Firpo, Julio R. Date Created 2011-04-26 Format image/jpg Extent 2.6 MB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Julio R. Firpo and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Firpo, Julio R. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada Parker, and the Sanford Historical Society. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2009. "<a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483" target="_blank">Pathways to History - Historic Georgetown</a>." City of Sanford. http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483. Transcript Wilson- Eichelberger Mortuary, Inc. 1110 PINE AVENUE, SANFORD, FLORIDA 32772 PHONE 407-322-5212 Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/41" target="_blank">Georgetown Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Firpo, Julio R. funeral home Georgetown mortuary Pine Avenue Sanford Wilson-Eichelberger Mortuary https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/81c1d93ef16bc3d532ba884669de1aad.jpg 16a317eba3102c611d77cd53798a4e5e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Georgetown Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Georgetown was established by the city's founder, Henry Shelton Sanford, in the 1870s. The neighborhood spans along Sanford Avenue, with its commercial district between First Street and Fifth Street, and its historic district between Seventh Street and Tenth Street. Though originally much smaller, Georgetown spanned to its present boundaries from East Second Street to Celery Avenue and from Sanford Avenue to Mellonville Avenue. Georgetown thrived at its height from circa 1880 to 1940, particularly in agriculture and transportation. Alternative Title Georgetown Collection Subject Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Contributor Firpo, Julio R. Rock, Adam Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/78" target="_blank">Marie J. Francis Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/101" target="_blank">Sanford Avenue Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. "<a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483" target="_blank">Pathways to History - Historic Georgetown</a>." City of Sanford. http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Refoe Home, 2011 Alternative Title Refoe Home Subject Sanford (Fla.) Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Houses and homes Description The Refoe residence, located at 619 South Sanford Avenue in Georgetown, an historic African-American neighborhood in Sanford, Florida. The house was the home of the Refoes, a family of educators who served the black community of Sanford. The Refoe family moved into the house on December 15, 1950. From 1946 to 2010, the Refoes taught in Seminole County continuously for 64 years. Herman L. Refoe, Jr. and Shellye L. Refoe began teaching at Midway Elementary School in 1946. They quickly became involved with the school and the students, starting clubs and coaching teams, along with teaching African Americans in the Midway and Canaan areas. Their daughter, Annye Refoe, was born on January 29, 1951. Herman became an Assistant Principal of Goldsboro Elementary School in 1959. About two years later, he became the Principal. Herman remained the school principal for over 11 years, until his retirement in 1972. Shellye continued teaching at Midway until 1962, when she began teaching at Crooms High School, followed by South Seminole Middle School, Milwee Middle School, and finally Lyman High School. She moved around as a result of Seminole County’s School Board’s attempt to integrate black teachers. Shellye retired in January 1974. Annye graduated from Seminole High School in the class of 1969. After her treatment in the newly integrated Seminole High School, she decided to enroll in a historically black college/university. She graduated from Fisk College in Nashville, Tennessee, with a bachelors’ in English in 1973. Upon her return from college, Annye began teaching in August 1974 at Lake Howell High School. In 1982, she started teaching at Seminole Community College, where she later became the Dean of the Arts and Humanities. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Julio R. Firpo, April 26, 2011. Coverage Home of the Refoe Family, Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Creator Firpo, Julio R. Date Created 2011-04-26 Format image/jpg Extent 336 KB Medium 1 color digital image Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Julio R. Firpo and publsihed by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Firpo, Julio R. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3310" target="_blank">Oral History of Dr. Annye Refoe</a>." Interview by Julio R. Firpo. Home of Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright. April 15, 2011. Audio record available. RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/41" target="_blank">Georgetown Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Firpo, Julio R. Georgetown house Refoe Refoe, Annye Refoe, Herman L., Jr. Refoe, Shellye L. Sanford Sanford Avenue https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1626ebf307abb56502055163056c59d2.jpg 4bed5f437176cdc57a575fe5cc78c78b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Georgetown Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Georgetown was established by the city's founder, Henry Shelton Sanford, in the 1870s. The neighborhood spans along Sanford Avenue, with its commercial district between First Street and Fifth Street, and its historic district between Seventh Street and Tenth Street. Though originally much smaller, Georgetown spanned to its present boundaries from East Second Street to Celery Avenue and from Sanford Avenue to Mellonville Avenue. Georgetown thrived at its height from circa 1880 to 1940, particularly in agriculture and transportation. Alternative Title Georgetown Collection Subject Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Contributor Firpo, Julio R. Rock, Adam Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/78" target="_blank">Marie J. Francis Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/101" target="_blank">Sanford Avenue Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. "<a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483" target="_blank">Pathways to History - Historic Georgetown</a>." City of Sanford. http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hopper Academy, 2011 Alternative Title Hopper Academy Subject Sanford (Fla.) Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) African Americans--Florida--Sanford Segregation--Florida Buildings--Florida Schools Description The Hopper Academy was the first African-American school in the Georgetown district of Sanford, Florida. Established in 1886, the school was originally named Colored School No. 11. A new building for the school was constructed at 1110 Pine Avenue in 1906. The school served the African-American community in the surrounding region. Although it was the first black school in Sanford, Hopper Academy only went up to grade 10. While today it has fallen into disrepair, Hopper Academy remains a symbol of Georgetown, representing the enduring legacy of Sanford’s African Americans raising themselves through education. Hopper Academy served as a black elementary school for grades 1 – 6 from 1926 to 1961. Professor Joseph Nathaniel Crooms was principal of Hopper from 1906 to 1926, thereafter becoming principal of Crooms High School in Goldsboro. Key individuals who studied at the school include Harlem Renaissance author Zora Neale Hurston and Sanford’s midwife Marie Francis. In 1968, the Hopper Academy ceased to operate as a school. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Julio R. Firpo, April 26, 2011. Coverage Hopper Academy, Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Creator Firpo, Julio R. Date Created 2011-04-26 Format image/jpg Extent 280 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Julio R. Firpo. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Firpo, Julio R. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Bentley, Altermese. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21264645" target="_blank">Georgetown, The History of A Black Neighborhood</a>. Sanford: Reprinted by the Sanford Museum, 1995. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23380617" target="_blank">Orange County Black Communities Survey: Phase 1- Seminole County Project Report</a>. Orlando: Yealding &amp Flewellyn, Valada Parker, and the Sanford Historical Society. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2009. "<a title="Touring Seminole County" href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/about-the-museum-of-seminole-county-hi/museum-resources-historical-informatio/historical-markers.stml" target="_blank">Touring Seminole County</a>." Historical Markers Program, Seminole County Historical Commission, http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/about-the-museum-of-seminole-county-hi/museum-resources-historical-informatio/historical-markers.stml. Delinski, Rachel. "<a href="http://mysanfordherald.com/view/mobile_full_story/4174467/article-MASTER-PLAN--Improvements-on-the-way-for-Sanford-neighborhoods" target="_blank">Master Plan: Improvements on the Way for Sanford Neighborhoods</a>." The Sanford Herald October 28, 2009. Transcript SEMINOLE COUNTY HISTORIC MARKER GEORGETOWN: The community of Georgetown, a suburb east of Sanford Avenue, and north of Celery Avenue was established circa to the early black pioneers who had made their way from Virginia, the Carolinas, West Florida and as far away as the West Indies. In 1885, the first Georgetown school was located at the northeast corner of Seventh and Cypress Avenue. It was founded with $100 from the school board. Mr. McLester was the first principal, followed by Mr. Reed and later by Mr. J.N. Croms, who founded Crooms Academy. Some of the first Sanford businesses owned by black settlers were in Tuckertown, which would later become the business district of Georgetown. In 1887, there were twenty-eight registered voters. Between 1887 and 1923 Georgetown supported five (Continued on other side) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/41" target="_blank">Georgetown Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> 7th Street African American Celery Avenue Colored School No. 1 Crooms Academy Crooms, Joseph Nathaniel Cypress Avenue education Firpo, Julio R. Georgetown Hopper Academy McLester Pine Avenue Sanford Sanford Avenue school segregation Seventh Street Tuckertown https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/eeccae516306a2e2c2747072c61aac63.jpg cd457161f55fdc5ae31c14782437ffa1 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/49a980fc1ad4611c51979a20f2aea333.jpg ec156ea0fd4a2b2c6b57ec71057951be Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Georgetown Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Georgetown was established by the city's founder, Henry Shelton Sanford, in the 1870s. The neighborhood spans along Sanford Avenue, with its commercial district between First Street and Fifth Street, and its historic district between Seventh Street and Tenth Street. Though originally much smaller, Georgetown spanned to its present boundaries from East Second Street to Celery Avenue and from Sanford Avenue to Mellonville Avenue. Georgetown thrived at its height from circa 1880 to 1940, particularly in agriculture and transportation. Alternative Title Georgetown Collection Subject Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Contributor Firpo, Julio R. Rock, Adam Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/78" target="_blank">Marie J. Francis Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/101" target="_blank">Sanford Avenue Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. "<a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483" target="_blank">Pathways to History - Historic Georgetown</a>." City of Sanford. http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Dr. Annye Refoe and Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright Alternative Title Dr. Refoe and Dr. Wright Subject African Americans--Florida--Sanford Sanford (Fla.) Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Educators--Florida Teachers--Florida Professors Description Dr. Annye Refoe and Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright in Sanford, Florida, in 2011. Dr. Refoe, the daughter of Herman L. Refoe, Jr. and Shellye L. Refoe, was born on January 29, 1951. Since her parents both taught at Midway Elementary School, Refoe also attended the school, as opposed to attending Hopper Academy in Georgetown, an African-American neighborhood in Sanford. Refoe graduated from Seminole High School in 1969. After her treatment in the newly integrated Seminole High School, she decided to enroll in a historically black college/university. She graduated from Fisk College in Nashville, Tennessee, with a bachelor's degree in English in 1973. Upon her return from college, Refoe began teaching in August 1974 at Lake Howell High School in Winter Park. In 1982, she started teaching at Seminole Community College, where she later became the Dean of the Arts and Humanities. Dr. Wright was born and raised in Goldsboro, an historic black community in Sanford. He lived in Sanford for most of his early life, except for one year that he attended school in Lakeland during ninth grade. He attended Goldsboro Elementary School and Crooms High School, where he graduated in 1964. For his college education, Dr. Wright attended Volusia County Community College in Daytona for one semester, Gibbs College (now merged with St. Petersburg College) in St. Petersburg for the first part of his bachelor's degree in English, Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton for the second part of his bachelor's education degree in English, Atlanta University for his master's degree in English, and Indiana University of Pennsylvania in for his doctoral degree in Linguistics and Rhetoric. Type Still Image Source Original color digital images by Julio R. Firpo, April 15, 2011. Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Creator Firpo, Julio R. Date Created 2011-04-15 Format image/jpg Extent 797 KB 246 KB Medium 2 color digital images Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Julio R. Firpo. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Firpo, Julio R. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3310" target="_blank">Oral History of Dr. Annye Refoe</a>." Interview by Julio R. Firpo. Home of Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright. April 15, 2011. Audio record available. RICHES of Central Florida. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3311" target="_blank">Oral History of Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright</a>." Interview by Julio R. Firpo. Home of Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright. March 27, 2011. Audio record available. RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/41" target="_blank">Georgetown Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> African American dean educator Firpo, Julio R. Georgetown Langston Drive professor Refoe, Annye Sanford teacher Wright, Stephen Caldwell https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fa6e7ffe21fb8be9e4c7759b98534d82.jpg c8bebad57c349ef70f0e18664bfae6a3 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ba5f38fcb72db2a4e939e6ad4d75307d.JPG 6e5e405635f160edde24e3923dd61594 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/8489ca893be3cc4412c328cd24b58e23.JPG 95e92fd860149f30b365b0bf7a062174 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f13053dcaf6f80a71cbcc03b65123f6b.JPG 687c81a51260533135e0edd0c7d595a2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Georgetown Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Georgetown was established by the city's founder, Henry Shelton Sanford, in the 1870s. The neighborhood spans along Sanford Avenue, with its commercial district between First Street and Fifth Street, and its historic district between Seventh Street and Tenth Street. Though originally much smaller, Georgetown spanned to its present boundaries from East Second Street to Celery Avenue and from Sanford Avenue to Mellonville Avenue. Georgetown thrived at its height from circa 1880 to 1940, particularly in agriculture and transportation. Alternative Title Georgetown Collection Subject Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Contributor Firpo, Julio R. Rock, Adam Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/78" target="_blank">Marie J. Francis Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/101" target="_blank">Sanford Avenue Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. "<a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483" target="_blank">Pathways to History - Historic Georgetown</a>." City of Sanford. http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 4 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hopper Academy Alternative Title Hopper Academy Subject Buildings--Florida African Americans--Florida Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Segregation Schools--Florida Description The Hopper Academy was the first African-American school in the Georgetown district of Sanford. Established in 1886, the school was originally named Colored School No. 11. In 1906, Joseph Nathaniel Crooms became the first principal of the Hopper Academy and began construction of the current building at 1101 Pine Avenue. The building originally housed grades one through ten and also served as a community high school until the construction of the Crooms Academy in Goldsboro. In 1968, the Hopper Academy ceased to operate as a school. Creator Rock, Adam Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2011-07-30 Format image/jpeg Extent 3.65 MB 3.51 MB 2.55 MB 3.46 MB Medium 4 color digital images Language eng Type Still Image Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.802215, -81.262294 Temporal Coverage 1886-01-01/1968-12-31 Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Adam Rock. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Rock, Adam Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference Bentley, Altermese. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21264645" target="_blank">Georgetown, The History of A Black Neighborhood</a>. Sanford: Reprinted by the Sanford Museum, 1995. Bently, Altermese Smith. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45705201" target="_blank">Seminole County</a>. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia, 2000. Flewellyn, Valada. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia, 2009. ISBN 0738567620. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23380617" target="_blank">Orange County Black Communities Survey: Phase 1- Seminole County Project Report</a>. Orlando: Yealding & Provost, 1990. Source Original color digital images by Adam Rock, July 30, 2011. Contributor Rock, Adam Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/41" target="_blank">Georgetown Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Colored School No. 11 Crooms, Joseph Nathaniel Georgetown historic marker Hopper Academy Pine Avenue Rock, Adam https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b36b1e6b7badc8197894a3a8a381f5bc.jpg b6209718ce7c438e2faa26cce075bcb1 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d8eb06caf2a098dcb517d1427ce4a68f.JPG 9fe17c351da8eafd5ec25839f3740085 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Georgetown Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Georgetown was established by the city's founder, Henry Shelton Sanford, in the 1870s. The neighborhood spans along Sanford Avenue, with its commercial district between First Street and Fifth Street, and its historic district between Seventh Street and Tenth Street. Though originally much smaller, Georgetown spanned to its present boundaries from East Second Street to Celery Avenue and from Sanford Avenue to Mellonville Avenue. Georgetown thrived at its height from circa 1880 to 1940, particularly in agriculture and transportation. Alternative Title Georgetown Collection Subject Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Contributor Firpo, Julio R. Rock, Adam Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/78" target="_blank">Marie J. Francis Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/101" target="_blank">Sanford Avenue Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. "<a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483" target="_blank">Pathways to History - Historic Georgetown</a>." City of Sanford. http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=483. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Georgetown Historic Marker Alternative Title Georgetown Historic Marker Subject African Americans--Florida Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Historical markers--Florida Sanford (Fla.) Segregation Description Seminole County Historic Marker about the community of Georgetown in Sanford, Florida. Henry Shelton Sanford established Georgetown in the 1870s as a community for migrating African Americans to settle. Georgetown became a self-sustaining community with its own commercial district and schools operated by African Americans. Georgetown remained a safe haven for the African-American population in Sanford during times of racial violence during the twentieth century. Creator Rock, Adam Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2011-07-30 Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/41" target="_blank">Georgetown Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpeg Extent 3.68 MB Medium 2 digital color images Language eng Type Still Image Coverage Sanford, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.802215, -81.262294 Temporal Coverage 1870-01-01/2011-07-30 Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Adam Rock. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Rock, Adam Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference Bentley, Altermese. Georgetown, The History of A Black Neighborhood. Sanford: Reprinted by the Sanford Museum, 1995. Bently, Altermese Smith. Seminole County. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia, 2000. Flewellyn, Valada. African Americans of Sanford. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia, 2009. ISBN 0738567620. Orange County Black Communities Survey: Phase 1- Seminole County Project Report. Orlando: Yealding & Provost, 1990. "Touring Seminole County." Historical Markers Program, Seminole County Historical Commission. http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/about-the-museum-of-seminole-county-hi/museum-resources-historical-informatio/historical-markers.stml. External Reference Title <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21264645" target="_blank">Georgetown, The History of A Black Neighborhood</a> <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45705201" target="_blank">Seminole County</a> <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a> <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23380617" target="_blank">Orange County Black Communities Survey: Phase 1- Seminole County Project Report</a> Transcript SEMINOLE COUNTY HISTORIC MARKER GEORGETOWN: The community of Georgetown, a suburb east of Sanford Avenue, and north of Celery Avenue was established circa to the early black pioneers who had made their way from Virginia, the Carolinas, West Florida and as far away as the West Indies. In 1885, the first Georgetown school was located at the northeast corner of Seventh and Cypress Avenue. It was founded with $100 from the school board. Mr. McLester was the first principal, followed by Mr. Reed and later by Mr. J. N. Crooms, who founded Crooms Academy. Some of the first Sanford businesses owned by black settlers were in Tuckertown, which would later become the business district of Georgetown. In 1887, there were twenty-eight registered voters. Between 1887 and 1923 Georgetown supported five ( Continued on other side) GEORGETOWN: (continued from other side) barbers, a blacksmith, a butcher, a dentist, five dress makers, two draymen, seven farmers, a general store, three dry goods and millinery,five hand laundries, two pharmacists, five postal workers, three realtor, three restaurant owners, five taxi drivers, a theater, undertakers and many churches. Circa 1915, families began to move out of the area for opportunities elsewhere. Family roots were planted and today the properties of many early settlers are still owned by the second and third generations. This community bonded families and persons into building a neighborhood for the future. Georgetown's landmarks include St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was designed by Tuskeegee trained builder Prince W. Spears. Source Original digital color images by Adam Rock, July 30, 2011. Contributor Rock, Adam 7th Avenue Celery Avenue Crooms Academy Crooms Academy of Information Technology Crooms, Joseph Nathaniel Cypress Avenue Georgetown historic marker McLester National Register of Historic Places Reed Rock, Adam Sanford Avenue Seminole County Historic Marker Seventh Avenue Spears, Prince W. St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church Tuckertown Tuskeegee