Florida's Turnpike and Interstate System Map, 1967
Roads--Florida--Maps
Toll roads--Florida
Road map showing the Florida Turnpike, it's toll plazas, exits and service stations. The brochure was produced in 1967. Construction for the Florida Turnpike began on July 4, 1955 in response to unprecedented growth in population and tourism in Florida. Thomas B. Manuel, chairman of the Florida State Turnpike Authority and the "Father of the Turnpike," led planning and construction. The highway opened on January 25, 1957.
Original map, 1967: <a href="http://www.floridasturnpike.com/about_system.cfm" target="_blank">Florida State Turnpike Authority</a>: Fort Lauderdale, Florida: Private Collection of Thomas Cook.
<a href="http://www.floridasturnpike.com/about_system.cfm" target="_blank">Florida State Turnpike Authority</a>
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Birmingham, Alabama
Macon, Georgia
Savannah, Georgia
Valdosta, Georgia
Brunswick, Georgia
Pensacola, Florida
Tallahassee, Florida
Lake City, Florida
Jacksonville, Florida
Gainesville, Florida
Ocala, Florida
Wildwood, Florida
Daytona Beach, Florida
Orlando, Florida
Tampa, Florida
St. Petersburg, Florida
Yeehaw Junction, Florida
Fort Pierce, Florida
West Palm Beach, Florida
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Miami, Florida
Key West, Florida
Water Resources Restoration and Preservation Program Projects
Environmental protection--Florida
Pollution--Florida
Water quality--Florida
A document describing the formation of the Water Resources Restoration and Preservation program (WRR&P) within the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (DER), as mandated by legislation passed by the Florida Legislature on July 1, 1977. The document also lists 12 restoration projects, both completed and underway, by the program, and gives updates on the Lake Apopka Restoration Project, including the proposed drawdown of Lake Apopka. Additionally, the document states that work on an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS), as required by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), was started in March of 1978 and was scheduled to be completed by early 1979. Finally, the document describes public involvement efforts by the program, including a public meeting held in Eustis on March 7, 1978.<br /><br />Lake Apopka is one of Florida’s largest lakes and was once considered to be one of the world’s best lakes for bass fishing. The lake’s sport fish population began to decline in the 1960s, with major die-offs occurring almost yearly. The lake’s problems are generally considered to be the result of over-nutrification from various sources. Twenty thousand acres of wetlands bordering the lake’s north shore were drained in the 1940s and used for highly fertile “muck farms.” These farms were routinely flooded to protect the fragile soil, and the fertilizer and pesticide-laden water was then discharged back into the lake prior to each growing season. Other sources of pollution include discharge from citrus processing operations, as well as treated wastewater from sewage plants. The nutrient-rich discharge promoted algae growth in the lake, turning the water to a green color, and blocked sunlight from reaching aquatic vegetation, which provided food and habit to the lake’s fish population. The lake’s bottom soil became increasingly “mucky,” also disrupting aquatic vegetation from taking root. <br /><br />Restoration work on the lake began in the 1960s with attempts by various agencies to remove “trash fish,” such as gizzard shad, from the lake via seining, which would hopefully allow the lake’s sportfish to thrive. The Lake Apopka Restoration Council, an initiative formed under Governor Claude Kirk (1926-2011) in 1967, launched several studies to find methods to improve the lake, though no serious action was taken. Various methods were debated to restore the lake through the 1970s and 1980s, including “drawdown,” which entailed completely draining the lake to allow the mucky bottom to consolidate. Restoration attempts were stalled for lack of funding and research.<br /><br />The Lake Apopka Restoration Council was reformed in 1985 under Governor Bob Graham (b. 1936), and, in 1987, the Surface Water and Improvement Management Act was passed. Together, these actions allowed comprehensive restoration plans to take shape, such as the Marsh Flow-way, a project by the St John’s Water Management District that uses natural methods to remove nutrients from the lake. The Friends of Lake Apopka, a citizen environmental advocacy group, began to push for further restoration efforts in the 1990s. The lake’s north shore muck farms were eventually purchased by the State of Florida, helping to reduce the amount of nutrient entering the lake.
Original 2-page typewritten document, 1978: binder 1978, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>, Oakland, Florida.
<a href="http://www.dep.state.fl.us/mainpage/default.htm" target="_blank">Florida Department of Environmental Regulation</a>
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Lake Apopka, Florida
Lake Jackson, Florida
Lake Lulu, Florida
Lake Washington, Florida
Sanibel River, Florida
Cape Coral, Florida
Bayou Chico, Florida
Bayou Texar, Florida
Pond Creek, Florida
Big Hickory Pass, Florida
Lake Eola, Florida