Test of Launch Procedures for Apollo 13
John F. Kennedy Space Center
Kennedy Space Center
Merritt Island (Fla.)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.)
NASA
Apollo Project (U.S.)
Project Apollo (U.S.)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) personnel in the firing room of the Launch Control Center (LCC) at John F. Kennedy Space Center In Merritt Island, Florida, preparing to test launch procedures for the Apollo 13 mission, which was crewed by Mission Commander Jim Lovell (1928-) , Lunar Module Pilot Fred Haise (1933-), and Command Module Pilot Jack Swigert (1931-1982). Apollo 13 was termed a "successful failure," because the crew survived even though they did not accomplish its original objective of landing on the moon. Apollo 13 launched on April 11, 1970, but an oxygen tank in the Service Module had exploded around 56 hours into the mission, as a result of a series of mismatched modifications and unfortunate testing, causing the mission and the astronauts being put in jeopardy. The Moon landing did not happen, but the astronauts landed safely in the Pacific Ocean on April 17.
Original black and white photographic print, March 26, 1970: Larry Summers Collection.
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John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida
Larry Summer Filming the Launch Control Center
John F. Kennedy Space Center
Kennedy Space Center
Merritt Island (Fla.)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.)
NASA
Apollo Project (U.S.)
Project Apollo (U.S.)
Summers, Larry
Larry Summers filming the Launch Control Center (LCC) at John F. Kennedy Space Center in Merritt Island, Florida. The LCC is used for the supervision of manned mission launches from Launch Complex 39 (LC-39). The first launch to use the LCC was the unmanned Apollo 4 (Apollo-Saturn 501) on November 9, 1967. Apollo 8, the first manned mission, was launched on December 21, 1968.
Original black and white photographic print: Larry Summers Collection.
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John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida
Launch Control Center During the Launch of Apollo 11
John F. Kennedy Space Center
Kennedy Space Center
Merritt Island (Fla.)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.)
NASA
Apollo Project (U.S.)
Project Apollo (U.S.)
Apollo 11 (Spacecraft)
Launch Complex 39's Launch Control Center at John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Merritt Island, Florida, during the Apollo 11 launch. Apollo 11 was the first space mission where humans set foot on another celestial body, the Moon. Launched from Launch Pad 39A at John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Merritt Island, Florida, on July 16, 1969, the Apollo 11 fired the third stage engines two and half hours after launch to leave Earth's gravitational pull. The mission was highlighted by the first lunar landing by human beings and Mission Commander Neil Armstrong's (1930-2012) descent from the Lunar Module (LM) to place his foot on the surface of the Moon. He and Lunar Module Pilot Buzz Aldrin (1930-) spent less than 22 hours on the Moon, including two and half hours outside <em>Eagle</em>, their Lunar Module. The crew, which also included Command Module Pilot Michael Collins (1930-), returned to Earth on July 24, 1969.
Original black and white photographic prints, July 16, 1969: Leonard Pugh Collection.
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John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida
Rehearsal at John F. Kennedy Space Center's Launch Control Center
John F. Kennedy Space Center
Kennedy Space Center
Merritt Island (Fla.)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.)
NASA
Apollo Project (U.S.)
Project Apollo (U.S.)
The rehearsal for Apollo 12's launch in Firing Room 2 at the Launch Control Center of Launch Complex 39 at John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Merritt Island, Florida. Apollo 12 was the second mission which landed men on the moon and the first to bring a color television camera to the lunar surface, but transmission was lost after Bean accidently destroyed the camera by pointing it at the Sun. The mission crew was composed of Mission Commander Pete Conrad (1930-1999); Command Module Pilot Richard F. Gordon, Jr. (1929-); and Lunar Module Pilot Alan Bean (1932-), and was launched November 14, 1969. The mission gathered samples, deployed equipment to perform experiments, and retrieved parts of the Surveyor 3 lander probe, which had been on the Moon's surface since April 20, 1967. The significance of the recovery of Surveyor III parts allowed scientist to examine the long term effects of the lunar environment on spacecraft.
Original black and white photographic print, October 29, 1969: Larry Summers Collection.
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John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida
Launch Control Center During a Skylab Launch
John F. Kennedy Space Center
Kennedy Space Center
Merritt Island (Fla.)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.)
NASA
Skylab Program
Launch Control Center at John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Merritt Island, Florida, during a Skylab launch. As Project Apollo was winding down and the final three missions (Apollo 18, Apollo 19, and Apollo 20) were canceled, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) looked for ways to repurpose launch vehicles and other equipment. Out of this, Skylab and three space science missions were born. Skylab was conceived by famed rocket designer, Wernher von Braun (1912-1977), to use an unused upper-stage fuel tank and convert it to an orbital laboratory. This was necessitated by NASA's budget being slashed. With the tank becoming the basis of the space station, NASA added solar arrays, a docking adapter, and a space observatory. The Skylab missions were constituted of one mission to put the station in space (Skylab 1), using a modified and last Saturn V to launch, and three crewed missions (Skylab 2, Skylab 3, and Skylab 4) to occupy the lab and perform science, using the smaller Saturn IB booster to launch the three astronaut crews. When launched on May 14, 1973, the station encountered problems immediately. A micrometeoroid shield prematurely deployed and tore off one of the two main solar arrays. NASA engineers went to work and were able to save Skylab and the three crewed missions. Each of the subsequent missions set what were then endurance records for living in space and conducted substantial space science experiments. NASA tried to keep Skylab in orbit after Skylab 4 (SL-4) and until the Space Shuttle could boast its orbit, but with a decaying orbit, it crashed on July 11, 1979.
Original black and white photographic print: Larry Summers Collection.
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Launch Control Center, John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida
Launch Control Center and Vehicle Assembly Building at John F. Kennedy Space Center
Merritt Island (Fla.)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.)
NASA
Kennedy Space Center
John F. Kennedy Space Center
The Launch Control Center (LCC) and the Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) at the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Merritt Island, Florida. The Apollo missions and later Space Shuttle missions were launched at the LCC and the Saturn V rocket was assembled at the VAB.
Original black and white photographic print: Private Collection of Dr. Calvin D. Fowler.
Fowler, Calvin D.
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Launch Control Center, John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida
Vehicle Assembly Building, John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida