1
100
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https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/10f90dbd143c3fd155b1f26de5d9bfce.pdf
0a0092d9e0a2fc001530ae5cb69bf606
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Central Florida Railroad Depots Collection
Alternative Title
Central Florida Railroad Depots Collection
Subject
Railroad depots
Railroad stations--Florida
Railroads--Florida
Apopka (Fla.)
Orlando (Fla.)
Ocala (Fla.)
Port Orange (Fla.)
Lake Wales (Fla.)
Avon Park (Fla.)
Mount Dora (Fla.)
Punta Gorda (Fla.)
Sanford (Fla.)
Kissimmee (Fla.)
Oviedo (Fla.)
Language
eng
Type
Collection
Curator
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
Description
Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the various railroad depots and railroad stations in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.
Contributor
Bronson, Kelly
Campbell, Tyler
Clemente, Chris
Connolly, Lehman
Covington, Adrian
Gray, Mark
Lester, Connie L.
Mercado, Carlos R.
Moore, Samantha
Santos, Marina
Simons, Nicholas
Smalls, Eric
Is Part Of
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/77" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>.
Coverage
Amtrak Seaboard Coast Line Railroad Station, Orlando, Florida
Apopka Seaboard Air Line Railway Depot, Apopka, Florida
Avon Park Depot Museum, Avon Park, Florida
Avon Park Seaboard Air Line Depot, Avon Park, Florida
Avon Park Atlantic Coast Line Train Station, Avon Park, Florida
Church Street Station, Orlando, Florida
Fort Pierce Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Depot, Fort Pierce, Florida
Fort Pierce Florida East Coast Railway Company Depot, Fort Pierce, Florida
Kissimmee Railroad Station, Kissimmee, Florida
Lake Wales Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Depot, Lake Wales, Florida
Lake Wales Depot Museum, Lake Wales, Florida
Mount Dora Train Station, Mount Dora, Florida
Ocala Union Station, Ocala, Florida
Orlando Railroad Depot, Orlando, Florida
Oviedo Train Depot, Oviedo, Florida
Port Orange Train Station, Port Orange, Florida
Punta Gorda Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Depot, Punta Gorda, Florida
Sanford Atlantic Coast Line Depot, Sanford, Florida
Sanford South Florida Railroad, Sanford, Florida
St. Lucie County Regional History Center, Fort Pierce, Florida
Contributing Project
<a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=525" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s American Economic History Undergraduate Class, Spring 2014
External Reference
Mulligan, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/225874809" target="_blank"><em>Railroad Depots of Central Florida</em></a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2008.
Turner, Gregg M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/184906141" target="_blank"><em>A Journey into Florida Railroad History</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2008.
Murdock, R. Ken. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38291666" target="_blank"><em>Outline History of Central Florida Railroads</em></a>. Winter Garden, Fla: Central Florida Chapter, National Railway Historical Society, 1997.
"<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 25: The Railways of Central Florida</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477.
Oral History
A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge.
Interviewer
Cravero, Geoffrey
Interviewee
McFarland, Warren
Bit Rate/Frequency
574kbps
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Oral History of Warren McFarland
Alternative Title
Oral History, McFarland
Subject
Orlando (Fla.)
Avon Park (Fla.)
Telegraph
Railroads--Florida
Description
An oral history interview of Warren McFarland, a telegrapher, train dispatcher, railroad station agent, grocery clerk, Railroad Safety and Service Agent, Assistant Regional Director and Regional Manager for the Interstate Commerce Commission, and Director of the Office of Compliance and Consumer Assistance. The interview was conducted by Geoffrey Cravero at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Florida, on January 28, 2016. Some of the interview topics covered include McFarland’s early years and formative experiences, his family life, growing up as the son of a railroad station agent and telegrapher in a railroad depot, World War II, railroad work and telegraphy in his time versus his father’s time, his first job as a grocery clerk, the “extra board” and railroad seniority, working for the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC), the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System, the Morse Telegraph Club, female telegraphers, American Morse Code versus International Morse Code, acquiring a piece of the first transcontinental telegraph line, train dispatching, overcoming communication limits, an explanation of telegrapher’s paralysis, and Guglielmo Marconi’s contributions to wireless telegraphy.
Table Of Contents
0:00:00 Introduction<br />0:01:59 Family life<br />0:04:45 Growing up in a railroad depot and World War II<br />0:07:34 Railroad work and telegraphy in father’s time<br />0:09:38 First job as a grocery clerk, the “extra board” and railroad seniority<br />0:11:45 Interstate Commerce Commission<br />0:17:22 Morse Telegraph Club<br />0:26:12 First transcontinental telegraph line<br />0:23:17 Train dispatching and overcoming communication limits<br />0:28:39 Telegraphy demonstration<br />0:35:23 Guglielmo Marconi and wireless telegraphy
Abstract
Oral history interview of Warren McFarland Interview conducted by Geoffrey Cravero at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Florida.
Type
Moving Image
Source
McFarland, Warren. Interviewed by Geoffrey Cravero. Audio/video record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida.
Requires
<a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a>
<a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a>
<a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a>
Is Part Of
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/97" target="_blank">Central Florida Railroad Depots Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida.
Has Format
Digital transcript of original 35-minute and 41-second oral history: McFarland, Warren. Interviewed by Geoffrey Cravero. Audio/video record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida.
Coverage
Ohio
Avon Park Atlantic Coast Line Train Station, Avon Park, Florida
Ocala Union Station, Ocala, Florida
Chicago, Illinois
Atlanta, Georgia
San Francisco, California
Frances Perkins Building, Washington, D.C.
Golden Spike National Historic Site, Brigham City, Utah
Creator
McFarland, Warren
Cravero, Geoffrey
Publisher
<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>
Date Created
2016-01-28
Date Copyrighted
2016-01-28
Format
video/mp4
application/pdf
Extent
197 MB
Medium
35-minute and 41-second audio/video recording
14-page digital transcript
Language
eng
Mediator
History Teacher
Economics Teacher
Provenance
Originally created by Warren McFarland and Geoffrey Cravero and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>.
Rights Holder
<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>
Accrual Method
Item Creation
Curator
Cravero, Geoffrey
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
Source Repository
<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>
External Reference
Mulligan, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/225874809" target="_blank"><em>Railroad Depots of Central Florida</em></a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2008.
Turner, Gregg M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/184906141" target="_blank"><em>A Journey into Florida Railroad History</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2008.
Murdock, R. Ken. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38291666" target="_blank"><em>Outline History of Central Florida Railroads</em></a>. Winter Garden, Fla: Central Florida Chapter, National Railway Historical Society, 1997.
"<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 25: The Railways of Central Florida</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477.
Coe, Lewis. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25509648" target="_blank"><em>The Telegraph: A History of Morse's Invention and Its Predecessors in the United States</em></a>. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 1993.
Stone, Richard D. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23649628" target="_blank"><em>The Interstate Commerce Commission and the Railroad Industry: A History of Regulatory Policy. New York: Praeger, 1991</em></a>.
Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website)
<a href="https://youtu.be/bzVlSEHnEaI" target="_blank">Oral History of Warren McFarland</a>
Transcript
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>Today is Thursday, January 28<sup>th</sup>, 2016. My name’s Geoffrey Cravero and I’m speaking with Warren McFarland at the University of Central Florida in Orlando. Thanks for speaking with us today, Mr. McFarland. Let’s, uh, begin with some of your biography. Could you, uh, tell us a little bit about where you’re originally from and your upbringing?</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Well, I was—I was born in Ohio, but we moved to Orlando when I was a year and a half old, so I count myself as a Floridian, and my father worked for the railroad here in Or—Orlando, and eventually went to Avon Park and was Railroad Agent there for many years, and that’s where I grew up, went to high school and—and, uh, where I went—learned from him—I learned the telegraph, I learned railroad work, and eventually went to work for the railroad after I graduated from high school in 1941. Um, had—had planned to go to college, but 1941 was not a good year to college, uh [<em>coughs</em>] and, uh, I wound up working on another railroad division, rather than the one that went through Avon Park, w—working out of Ocala, and I worked there, uh, for like 25 years, and then I was offered a position with the Interstate Commerce Commission, and I went, um—went with them, and uh, we—we lived in different places: uh, Chicago, Atlanta, San Francisco, and Washington, D.C, and I eventually retired as Director of the Office of Compliance for the Interstate Commerce Commission out of Washington, and I moved—we moved back to Florida after I retired, and been living here ever since.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>That’s neat. Um, so—what, uh—could you tell us a little bit more about your, uh, your parents? And did you have any siblings, or...</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Yes. [<em>clears throat</em>] Uh, well, I had, uh, two brothers and three sisters. Uh, the three—the three sisters and one of the brothers were half—half-brothers and sisters, but I didn’t know the difference. Um, they were—they were all older than I, and, uh, so—uh, they were my brothers and sisters, and still are. Al—although they’re not living anymore. I’m the only one of the six that’s still alive, but, uh, my parents were both from Southeastern Ohio, and my father worked for the railroad there, uh, for like 18 years, I think it was, and then he decided to come to Florida and get rich in the Florida Boom in the 1920s. Uh, that didn’t work, so he went back to the railroad and worked for the railroad until he retired [<em>clears throat</em>], and, um, my mother, uh, she was just a farm girl, but she—she worked for a doctor as a receptionist, and she later worked, um, at—in the express office with my father, and then, she—when he retired, she retired, and so, uh, they lived—live—they lived in Avon Park until—until she could no longer take care of herself, and my—my brothers and sisters, um, they—they all—lived all over the place. One in—one in Virginia, one in, uh, Ohio, and—and Chi—and Chicago, and one in Dallas, and my—my brother lived in Avon Park his entire life. He said, “There’s no reason for—for anybody to live anywhere but Avon Park.”</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>[<em>laughs</em>].</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /> </strong>[<em>laughs</em>] So that’s where he stayed.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>Were any of them, uh—did they follow in the family business of the railroad?</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>No, none of them. I’m the only one out of—out of, uh—out of six, I’m the only one that went into the railroad business, um, and my—my youngest sister’s husband did go into the railroad business, and his son also went into the railroad business, and I had an uncle that was a railroad man. So it—railroading has—has always been pretty much a—a family, uh, affair in many—in many families. You know, one—one person gets started and then—then others go in, but—but none of my brothers and sisters, uh, were interested.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>Well, you mentioned, uh—that you—your father, uh, was a station agent and telegrapher in Avon Park. Um, could you tell us a little bit about growing up in the depot? What sort of, uh—what sort of skills and knowledge did you kind of acquire as a young man?</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Well, [<em>clears throat</em>] uh, I—I was always—I was not a, uh— crazy about trains, but I was interested in trains and—and—and the railroading, and I can remember when I could barely, uh, reach—stand up and—and reach the tabletop like this, and my dad had me doing things that I could do in the—like stamping—taking the rubber stamp and stamping it on a piece of paper on—on what’s called a waybill, which is a—a ship—a shipment, uh, document that you fill out when you have a shipment to make, and, uh, I would st—stamp the—the Avon Park’s stamp on there that showed this, that, where it started from, but, that had to have been about about—5-6 years old when I did that, and I—off and on, all—all during my school years, I just hung around there, and I—I didn’t—I wasn’t consciously preparing for a career in railroading. A matter of fact: my older brothers and sisters all went to college and—and—and it was planned for me to go also, but, as I said earlier, I graduated in 1941, and—and they were already drafting people out of—out of my class, and, um, so I—I knew it was a matter of time. So I didn’t think there was much point in going to college at that time.</p>
<p>So I didn’t go until much later, but, uh, it—it—when—when I was in my senior year in high school, uh, that’s when you could see what was happening: the world was in turmoil, and, um—and, as I said, members of my class had—had been called up, and—so I began to learn telegraphy, and my father taught me and I practiced, and then after I graduated from—from, uh, school, he, um, told the—the railroad that I was, uh, sufficiently knowledgeable to go to work, and, uh—I—I didn’t—As I said, I didn’t—wasn’t consciously, um, aware that I was absorbing everything that I did absorb during those years, uh, hanging around the depot, but I learned an awful lot that I didn’t know I’d learned, until I went out on my own and was working.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>What, uh—did you notice, uh, any, uh, major differences between the—the time of your father and yours when it c—comes to the, you know—the telegraphing and the—the depots?</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Oh, yeah. Well…</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>[<em>clears throat</em>].</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>When—when my father started, telegraphing was just about—I mean, that was like the major—major, uh, means of internal communication on the rail—on nearly every railroad, and—and when I started, it still was, but it—it began to fade away the—the longer I stayed, and I—and I—I stayed until 1965, and by that time, uh, they still required, uh, uh, people to know how to telegraph to go to work, but—but—at least—as—as—as, uh, operators and agents, but they did not, uh—did not use—use it, because they—everybody had telephones and—and things of that nature. So it was not as—as use—used as much then, and—and probably—well, I left the rail—railroad for the ICC<a title="">[1]</a> in 1965, and by the early 70s, there was[sic] hardly any railroads anywhere using t—the telegraph. It was all teletype and—and telephones and things of that nature. So that—it was[sic] tremendous difference there, and now, of course, it’s gone even beyond that. It’s all computerized—email and everything else like that. Even train dispatching, which I did for—for 18 years, um—that’s become computer-assisted train dispatching and—and the computer does it. When—when—when I was working, it was—it was all in your head. You had to do it all in your head, but, now the computer—they have what they call “computer-assisted dispatching.”</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>So was, uh—I guess the depot was your very first job you had, or…</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Well, actually, no [<em>laughs</em>]. The very first paying job I—I worked as a clerk in the A&P<a title="">[2]</a> grocery store on Saturdays, uh, which—that—in—in a small town like Avon Park, that was about the only job that—kind of job that was available to a—to a high school kid, and there were three of four, uh, grocery stores in town, and the A&P, which was a chain, the re—others were all independent, but everybody—all the kids that I knew worked at one—one of the grocery stores. That’s where you got your first job.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>[<em>laughs</em>] Um, so I understand you ended up in Ocala, right? But, uh—but you kind of went from—where you were needed, um…</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Yes, you—when—when you begin railroading as—as a telegraph operator, you—you are put on what they call “the extra board.” Uh, um, you—you—your first day, you establish the date of your seniority, and that means that anybody that’s hired after you—you—you have rights over them on—on—if you want to claim a job or something like that, and—and the same thing hold—anybody that[sic] hired ahead of you can claim a job that’s—whether you want—whether you want it or not, and so, you—as—on the extra board, you just went where you were needed. Uh, somebody needed to be off sick, uh—there were no vacation—no paid vacation at the time, so that—uh, there was not much of that. Although some—some people did take vacations, and you went and worked for them, or they put on extra jobs because of seasonal problems—uh, season—seasonable increases in—in business, they’d put on an extra job somewhere to help the dispatchers handle trains, and so, you worked all over. I worked, uh, I don’t know how many different places. I could probably count it up. Not worth it.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>[<em>laughs</em>] Um, let’s see. Before the, uh, Atlantic Coast Line Railroad merged with the Seaboard Air Line [Railroad], um, and absorbed the Tavares & Gulf Railroad in 1969, you’d already moved to California at that point. Could you tell us a little bit about what you did out there with the Interstate Commerce Commission?</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Well, I—I—I—my first job with the ICC was in Chicago as—as a Railroad Safety and Service Agent, and, uh, in—in that capacity, I—I made what we call “agency checks” and “yard checks,” and we—we had two things: we were looking for compliance with the—with the tariffs, which had the force of law, and we were looking for, um, equipment that was not being used efficiently, and so, the—as the—and—and the other thing that—that in—in ’65, we also were charged with safety, uh, inspections of equipment and things of that nature.</p>
<p>However, in—in ’67 —1967, all of that was transferred into the newly-formed [U.S.] Department of Transportation, and so we no longer had any kind of safety obligation, but we still retained the car service, which was car—car efficiency, and—and the tariff and—and regulation, and so, I would go from—to various agencies along, um—in my territory. I had an—had an assigned territory, and I was supposed to visit these agencies on a periodic basis and ver—verify that they were complying with all of the rules and regulations, and that they were not delaying any equipment—and that was being used, and from there I—I was transferred to Atlanta doing the same thing, but, uh—and I stayed there for, uh, about five years, and then I was, uh, promoted and went back to Chicago as Assistant Regional Director there, and in—in that capacity, I was assisting the Re—Regional Director and overseeing all of the people that were doing the kind of work I was just desc—describing, and then, um, in ’73, I was, uh, promoted again and went to, um, San Francisco as, um, Regional Manager, and I had the, uh, responsibility for the 13 western states, plus Alaska and Hawaii. Uh, now, railroads and—and buses and trucks don’t run to Hawaii from the mainland, but—but—so we didn’t do much there, but what—I still had the responsibility for Hawaii and Alaska, and I was overseeing not only the—the people who were doing the work that I was talking about earlier, but I was also overseeing the—the lawyers, who—who, uh, handled the cases that were made and the—and the accountants that were—were auditing the—the books of the various, uh, carriers—motor and rail and barge lines and pipelines, and part of the—part of—and—and when I was in, um, San Francisco, the, um, uh, [Trans-]Alaska Pipeline [System] was being built and we had to oversee that, and the law required, at that time, that—and people usually don’t know this because a pipeline is a common carrier, and so, in order to know what they could charge, you had to know what their costs were to build and maintain the—the pipeline, and to do that, we had to have auditors go in and verify, and about ha—halfway through construction, everybody woke up that this was a nine billion dollar, uh, enterprise, and if we waited ‘til after the fact to—to, uh, audit it, we’d nev—they’d never know what they—what they could po—possibly charge. So we sent a team of auditors up there, and they stayed there for about three years determining the actual cost so that the pipeline could go into—into operation when it was finished, but then, after—I was—I was in San Francisco until 1981, and, um, the—the new chairman that had been appointed by President [Ronald] Reagan, uh, was—knew me, and he brought me into Washington[, D.C.] as Director of the Office of Compliance and Consumer Assistance, and I stayed there until I retired in ’85, but in—in Washington, I had oversight over the—the entire country for all of the things that I’ve been talking about that we did. Plus, uh, a lot of local stuff and—going up to Congress and taking care of that sort of thing.<strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>I read, uh, [<em>clears throat</em>] that the Morse Telegraph Club[, Inc.] used to meet at the [Central Florida] Railroad Museum on [Samuel] Morse’s birthday.<a title="">[3]</a> Could you tell me a little about, uh, the club and how that all came about?</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Well, it’s—it—it started, actually, back in the 1930s. Uh, some people that were telegraphers decided that they—that it would be a good idea to make—to have a club, and it was more or less a fraternal organization, at the time. I say “fraternal,” although there are a lot of women telegraphers. Uh, throughout the—the whole history of telegraphy, there—there have been a lot of women telegraphers, and probably, on the railroad, was—may have well have been the first industry that paid women the same wage as men for doing the same job, which was not true in—in—not true even today in many—many cases, but, uh, anyhow, these people got together and—and, as I said, it was just sort of a—I won’t say a drinking club, because it wasn’t that, but it was—it was a social club more than anything else, and then it—it sort of faded away a little bit, uh, and just hanging on by its teeth, you might say, and—and then, um, uh—I’m not sure of the exact dates, but sometime after World War II, when—when telegraphy began to fade away, as I had mentioned earlier on [inaudible] on the railroad, Western Union [Company] had al—already almost gone completely to—to teletype, uh, by that time, and, um, so the—the organization transformed itself into, uh, an historical preservation organization, and the goal of—of the, um—of the organization today is to preserve the knowledge and history and the technology that existed, uh, when the telegraph was in use, and, um, we organize in chapters.</p>
<p>Uh, we used to have a chapter in every state and some states had—had, uh, two chapters, but, uh, time has taken its toll and—and, um, now we’re down, uh—for example, the Florida chapter, of which I’m a member, um, encompasses Georgia and—and South Carolina and Tennessee, and—and Alabama. Uh, and so, the membership—the membership hasn’t really declined that much, but the membership of people who actually worked as telegraphers has obviously gone down—way down. Somebody made an estimate, and I don’t know the truth of it or not, but said there were only about 150 of us left in the organization that actually earned a living as—as telegraphers. Um, that may be true, it may not be true. I don’t know, but at the present time, we have probably around 3,000 members and we have around 30 chapters in the United States and Canada, and we—we do demonstrations at—at just about any place that will invite us to do a demonstration, but mostly to local historical societies that have an annual affair and they want something, uh, of, um—that—that has some historical significance, and so they’ll ask us to come and do—do a demonstration [<em>clears throat</em>], and many of these members that we have now have taught themselves to telegraph.</p>
<p>They’ve never worked as telegraphers, but they’ve taught themselves to telegraph, and some of the—some of the members are ham radio<a title="">[4]</a> operators, which uses a—a different code, but it’s still Morse Code. It’s an international code, known as International [Morse] Code, as opposed to American Morse [Code], which was the kind that was used on railroads and Western Union and stock markets and, uh, all of that sort of thing.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>[<em>clears throat</em>] I understand that it— somehow you, uh—you acquired a piece of the very first telegraph line that stretched all the way out to California.</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Yes.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>And how’d that—how’d that—how’d you end up acquiring that?</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>I didn’t think…</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>[<em>clears throat</em>].</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>To bring that today, uh, but we—we have a website that’s—the Florida chapter has a website, and, uh, an outfit in Utah was setting up, um, an exhibit in a museum,<a title="">[5]</a> uh, where at a—at a—at a former Army camp. Uh, when I say former, I’m talking about [American] Civil War-era Army camp [<em>laughs</em>] that was one of the first stations on the Transcontinental Tre—Telegraph Line, and so they wanted some historical reference to the telegraph in their museum there, and, uh, they found our website on the internet and contacted us, and we were able to get them some telegraph instruments and assist them, and some months later, they, uh, contacted us again and said they had come into possession of a link of the original Transcontinental Telegraph Wire—came from Northeastern, uh, Nevada—just across the Utah line in Northeastern Nevada, and a man had found it and had donated, uh, a length of it—I don’t know how much—but had donated a length of it to this museum, and they wanted to know if we would like to have a piece of it, and so they sent us about two and a half feet: about 30 inches of it—a piece about that long, and it’s—it’s—it was a nine gauge, which is heavy, heavy wire. I mean, it’s—it’s almost a quarter, uh—not—not a quarter. Maybe, uh—it’s over an eighth of an inch thick—uh, the—the wire is, and it’s almost impossible to bend it with your bare hands.</p>
<p>It’s—it’s that thick, and it’d been laying out in the, uh—in the open in the desert out there near—near the old, uh, Pony Express route and the, um, stagecoach route that went west through there [<em>coughs</em>], and, um, they, uh—they kept, um—they kept it there, um, um—it—laid out there in the desert, and—and doesn’t rust like it would in—here in Florida, you know? It would all be rusted away [<em>laughs</em>] if that had happened here, and so we had that piece of—of the wire, and we—we debated as a—as an organization what to do with it. It wasn’t big enough to use anywhere really. So we wound up—and we cut it into pieces about, um, six inches long and mounted it on plaques, uh, and with a little bit of a history of it on the back of the plaque, and we use that in our demonstrations. Uh, we take it—take it around where—and we—we have these plaques distributed among the membership, so that there’s al—[always] one available somewhere, but it’s very interesting and—and—the interesting—one of the things about it, that the—it was shipped to me—mailed to me in a padded envelope and it was rolled—folded up, and I tried to straighten it out with my hands when I took it out of the envelope. I could not do it. We had to finally put it in a vice and—and hold down one end of it, and finally got it straightened out, and it was so hard that you couldn’t cut it with wire cutters or anything like that. You had to use a saw to cut it, uh [<em>clears </em>throat] but that was what—the wire that was used in the, uh, original Transcontinental Telegraph Line in 8—finished in 1861 [<em>coughs</em>].<strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>Wow, incredible. Well, let’s see. Before we, uh—give us a little demonstration, do you have anything else that you’d like to add? Any final thoughts or…</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Well, I—I don’t know anything off the top of my head. Uh, uh, railroading was an interesting occupation, and I’m sure it’s still is, although I’ve been away from it now for many years. I’ve been retired for 30 years now, so, uh—and I—I’d left the railroad for 20 years before that, so [<em>laughs</em>] it’s been awhile since I’ve been railroading, but, I—I enjoyed the—the—working there, and as I said, I worked as a train dispatcher, which was, um, very complex and complicated job to keep the trains moving.</p>
<p>Uh, when I started, an old time dispatcher said, “Oh, there’s nothing to it.” Said, “You just—you just meet ‘em—don’t meet ‘em too close together or too far apart.” [<em>laughs</em>] Well, its’—that’s an oversimplification, but it—it’s what you—that’s exactly what you were trying to do was—is to move the trains over the—over the, uh, territory wi—in—in the most efficient manner possible, and that, you know—and single track and—and—and, uh, with limited, uh, communication. You had no communication—when I started, you had no communication with—with the people on the train other than handing them up, uh—as they pass an open telegraph office you—you could hand them up orders or, uh, messages of what you want to do, or they could throw off something as they went by, but, um, that was an interesting, uh, occupation and—and very demanding, very challenging. Um, somewhat comparable to an aircraft, uh, uh, air—air controller, except that we couldn’t tell the tr—trains to pull up and go around or—or, uh, fly higher and—and not hit—hit the train ahead of them. They were—they were, uh, consigned to the track. They had to stay on the track, so made—made it a little bit more complicated.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>Well, I guess, if you would, let’s, uh, give us a little demonstration here. Let me see if I…</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Well, I’m sorry…</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>Can...</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>That this is not working. I don’t know what it is, but, this—this is the sound [<em>tapping</em>]—this is the sound of—this instrument in—in this is called a sounder, [<em>tapping</em>] and this, uh, box-like object is called a resonator, and the purpose of it is to focus the sound so it can be, uh, heard more clearly, and the can—the Prince Albert tobacco can, we—we now—we call it the “first solid-state amplifier,” because it makes a difference [<em>tapping</em>]. If you can hear the different—[<em>tapping</em>] with and without the can [<em>tapping</em>], and somebody back in the—in the early days of this discovered that you could do that—that, because a railroad agent had more to do than just sit at a desk and listen—listen for this. Uh, he had to be out in the freight warehouse or [<em>inaudible</em>] out—outside with the train going by or something like that, and he needed to be able to hear the dispatcher’s wire when that was happening.</p>
<p>So that, um, uh—that really changed the way that you could do that, and—and [<em>inaudible</em>] I never worked a job that didn’t have a can stuck in the resonator like that, and this—this, uh, is just the same thing and—and—[<em>tapping</em>] with a key here. I’ll move this out of the way. This—this has a key [<em>tapping</em>] and that’s the way you sound it, and you make a dot [<em>tap</em>] by closing the key [<em>tap</em>] real quickly and a dash [<em>tap</em>] by holding it down three times as long as you do for the dot, and you [<em>tapping</em>] do that to spell out, uh, everything that you want to say, and, like texters today, we use a lot of abbreviations. As a matter of fact, many of the abbreviations that texters are using were being used by telegraphers a hundred years ago, but, this is the key [<em>tap</em>] and this is the sounder, and then this called a bug, and it’s called a bug because the logo is a beetle, and nobody knows why they chose that as their logo, but they did.</p>
<p>It started out—if you—if you worked 8 hours or 12 hours a day, which, uh, up until the Hours of Service [HOS] law went into effect in 1908, that’s, uh—you worked 12 hours a day, [<em>tapping</em>] and you worked 12 hours a day with this up and down motion you—you developed telegrapher’s paralysis. We call it carpel tunnel syndrome now, but it was telegrapher’s paralysis then [<em>tapping</em>], and so they began experimenting what you could do to—to alleviate it, and the first thing they did was turn the key on its side and work it back and forth, and they kept working with it and eventually came into this form, and this is now called a vi—a—a speed key, and I can’t demonstrate because my power somehow or another is not working here today [<em>tapping</em>], but, um, you—the speed key—if—if I want to make a—a series of dots with—with this straight key [<em>tapping</em>], it goes like that, but, with the speed key, I can do it just [<em>tap</em>] with—with one movement of my thumb, and so, that relieved the carpel tunnel, but it also speeded everything up.</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>And so, those are the—those are the—the principal instruments that—that were used by landline telegraphers, and that—the—this is called American Morse, and it was used, uh, all over—all over the world, really. It—it just changed the whole world, and then, uh, in the late 8—1800s, [Guglielmo] Marconi discovered that you could send, uh, power through the, uh—through the air and—and modulate it and—and make a—a code—send code through the air, and they did—they did that and—using a—a slightly different code. Uh, the—this code—the American Morse Code has a lot of spaces in it, which makes it, uh, uh, a lot quicker, but, with the—when it went to radio, they couldn’t tell whether the spaces were accidental or intentional, and so they eliminated the space letters and everything became, um, uh, the—the tone then—the length of the tone was—determined whether it was a dot or a dash, and that sounded like this [<em>beeping</em>], but, uh—and that’s still used by ham radio operators and all base radio stations, like your local police station and your fire stations and things of that nature, are required by the Federal Communications Commission to identify themselves every hour, and now they use a computer, but every hour on the hour, uh, these—these stations will identify themselves using International Morse Code, sending their call letters—whatever they might be, and that—your television stations, your—your commercial radio stations, they all have to do this—do that, and they do it. So that, uh, America—I mean, the International Morse Code is still in use, uh, quite a bit with ham radio operators and that. American Morse—the last known use in the United States was in 1983, but th—that was just really an anomaly, because it had—by the mid-70s it had pretty much disappeared, but there’s just this one place out in Montana that still was using it until 1983.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>That’s fantastic [<em>clears throat</em>]. Mr. McFarland, we really appreciate you sharing your story with us and demonstrating the tools of your trade.</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Well, I’m happy to do it. Happy to do it.</p>
<p><strong>Cravero<br /></strong>Alright. Well, thank you so much. That will conclude our interview and, uh, we really appreciate you being here with us.</p>
<p><strong>McFarland<br /></strong>Thank you.</p>
<div><br /><div>
<p><a title="">[1]</a> Interstate Commerce Commission.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p><a title="">[2]</a> Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p><a title="">[3]</a> April 27.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p><a title="">[4]</a> Also called amateur radio.</p>
</div>
<div>
<p><a title="">[5]</a> Golden Spike National Historic Site.</p>
</div>
</div>
A&P grocery
abbreviations
ACL
agency checks
Alaska
American Morse Code
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company
auditors
audits
Avon Park
Avon Park Atlantic Coast Line Train Station
barge lines
bugs
California
carpal tunnel syndrome
Central Florida Railroad Museum
Chicago, Illinois
communication limits
communications
computer-assisted train dispatching
conscription
CTS
Dallas, Texas
Department of Transportation
DOT
drafts
equal pay
extra boards
FCC
Federal Communications Commission
first solid-state amplifiers
first transcontinental telegraphs
Florida Boom
Frances Perkins Building
freight warehouses
Geoffrey Cravero
grocery clerks
grocery stores
Guglielmo Marconi
ham radio operators
ham radios
Hawaii
historical preservation
HOS
Hours of Service
ICC
International Morse Code
Interstate Commerce Commission
landline telegraphers
landline telegraphs
landline telegraphy
Montana
Morse Telegraph Club, Inc.
Nevada
Ocala
Ocala Union Station
Ohio
orlando
paid vacations
Pony Express
Prince Albert tobacco cans
railroad agents
railroad depots
Railroad Morse
Railroad Safety and Service Agent
railroad stations
railroading
railroads
railways
regulations
resonators
Ronald Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan
safety inspections
SAL
Samuel Finley Breese Morse
Samuel Morse
San Francisco, California
Seaboard Air Line Depot
Seaboard Air Line Railroad
social clubs
solid-state amplifiers
sounders
South Carolina
speed keys
stagecoach routes
TAPS
Tavares & Gulf Railroad
telegraph instruments
telegraph keys
telegrapher's paralysis
telegraphers
telegraphs
telegraphy
telephones
teletypes
Tennessee
text abbreviations
The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company
train depots
train dispatchers
train dispatching
train stations
trains
Trans-Alaska Pipeline System
transcontinental telegraphs
UCF
University of Central Florida
Utah
Virginia
Warren McFarland
Washington, D.C.
waybills
Western Union
Winter Garden
wireless telegraphers
wireless telegraphs
wireless telegraphy
World War II
WWII
yard checks
-
https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c7d8a7e494694e243a45a41b972c7d8f.pdf
f4789631d253ca61c3d8ea5db3f76151
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida Collection
Alternative Title
Civil Rights Movement in Florida Collection
Subject
Civil rights--Florida
Civil rights movements--Florida
Description
Digitized items of the Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida, an exhibit created by Dr. Robert Cassanello and his students at the University of Central Florida. The exhibit chronicles both national and local events in the civil rights movements dating from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. Curators for the exhibit were Joseph Corbett and Anne Ladyem McDiviitt. Assistant curators included Patrick Anderson, Laura Cepero, Jennifer Cook, Tanya Engelhardt, Jacob Flynn, William Franklin, Barbara Houser, Rustin Lloyd, Joshua Petitt, Lindsey Turnbull, and Jon Wolfe. Andrew Callovi was the graphic designer.
Contributor
Cassanello, Robert
<a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/photographiccollection/" target="_blank">Florida Photographic Collection</a>
<a href="http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/" target="_blank">Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc.</a>
<a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a>
<a href="http://www.nypl.org/locations/schomburg%20target=">Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture</a>
<a href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a>
Language
eng
Type
Collection
Coverage
Brevard County, Florida
Cocoa, Florida
Daytona Beach, Florida
Eatonville, Florida
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Gainesville, Florida
Groveland, Florida
Live Oak, Florida
Madison County, Florida
Miami, Florida
Miami Gardens, Florida
Mims, Florida
Ocoee, Florida
Palatka, Florida
Rosewood, Florida
Tallahassee, Florida
Tampa, Florida
St. Augustine, Florida
Contributing Project
<a href="http://www.robertcassanello.com/" target="_blank">Dr. Robert Cassanello's</a> Spring 2011 Historiography Graduate Class
Curator
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
External Reference
"<a href="http://floridacivilrightsexhibit.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida</a>." The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida. http://floridacivilrightsexhibit.blogspot.com/.
Bartley, Abel A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41482161" target="_blank"><em>Keeping the Faith: Race, Politics, and Social Development in Jacksonville, Florida, 1940-1970</em></a>. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 2000.
Brown, Canter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44963696" target="_blank"><em>Florida's Black Public Officials, 1867-1924</em></a>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1998.
Brown, Canter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44963696" target="_blank"><em>Florida's Black Public Officials, 1867-1924</em></a>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1998.
Colburn, David R. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11133337" target="_blank"><em>Racial Change and Community Crisis: St. Augustine, Florida, 1877-1980</em></a>. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985.
Corsair, Gary. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53097367" target="_blank"><em>The Groveland Four: The Sad Saga of a Legal Lynching</em></a>. [Bloomington, IN]: 1st Books, 2003.
Crooks, James B. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53435227" target="_blank"><em>Jacksonville: The Consolidation Story, from Civil Rights to the Jaguars</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004.
D'Orso, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33047183" target="_blank"><em>Like Judgment Day: The Ruin and Redemption of a Town Called Rosewood</em></a>. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1996.
Dunn, Marvin. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49414756" target="_blank"><em>Black Miami in the Twentieth Century</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1997.
Evans, Arthur S., and David R. Lee. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21563352" target="_blank"><em>Pearl City, Florida: A Black Community Remembers</em></a>. Boca Raton: Florida Atlantic University Press, 1990.
Green, Ben. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40403600" target="_blank"><em>Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr</em></a>. New York, NY: Free Press, 1999.
Greenbaum, Susan D. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47965343" target="_blank"><em>More Than Black: Afro-Cubans in Tampa</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002.
McCarthy, Kevin. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/74987559" target="_blank"><em>African American Sites in Florida</em></a>. Sarasota, Fla: Pineapple Press, 2007.
Mohl, Raymond A., Matilda Graff, and Shirley M. Zoloth. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52688091" target="_blank"><em>South of the South: Jewish Activists and the Civil Rights Movement in Miami, 1945-1960</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004.
Oliver, Kitty. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45301837" target="_blank"><em>Race and Change in Hollywood Florida</em></a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2000.
Ortiz, Paul. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58728548" target="_blank"><em>Emancipation Betrayed The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920</em></a>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.
Phelts, Marsha Dean. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48138754" target="_blank"><em>An American Beach for African Americans</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1997.
Price, Hugh Douglas. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/423585" target="_blank"><em>The Negro and Southern Politics: A Chapter of Florida History</em></a>. [New York]: New York University Press, 1957.
Rabby, Glenda Alice. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39860115" target="_blank"><em>The Pain and the Promise: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Tallahassee, Florida</em></a>. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1999.
Rymer, Russ. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40145621" target="_blank"><em>American Beach: A Saga of Race, Wealth, and Memory</em></a>. New York, NY: HarperCollinsPublishers, 1998.
Saunders, Robert W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44585446" target="_blank"><em>Bridging the Gap: Continuing the Florida NAACP Legacy of Harry T. Moore, 1952-1966</em></a>. Tampa, Fla: University of Tampa Press, 2000.
Shell-Weiss, Melanie. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/226356610%20target="><em>Coming to Miami: A Social History</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2009.
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida
Alternative Title
History of the Civil Rights Movement in Florida
Subject
Civil rights--Florida
Exhibit
Civil Rights Movement
Civil rights movements--Florida
Description
The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida, an exhibit created by Dr. Robert Cassanello and his students at the University of Central Florida. The exhibit chronicles both national and local events in the civil rights movements dating from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. Curators for the exhibit were Joseph Corbett and Anne Ladyem McDiviitt. Assistant curators included Patrick Anderson, Laura Cepero, Jennifer Cook, Tanya Engelhardt, Jacob Flynn, William Franklin, Barbara Houser, Rustin Lloyd, Joshua Petitt, Lindsey Turnbull, and Jon Wolfe. Andrew Callovi was the graphic designer.
Type
Physical Object
Source
Original exhibit by Robert Cassanello's Spring 2011 Historiography Graduate Class: <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida Department of History</a>, Orlando, Florida.
Requires
<a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a>
Is Part Of
<a href="http://floridacivilrightsexhibit.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida</a>.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/114" target="_blank">The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida.
Creator
Corbett, Joseph
McDivitt, Anne Ladyem
Anderson, Patrick
Cepero, Laura
Cook, Jennifer
Englehardt, Tanya
Flynn, Jacob
Franklin, William
Houser, Barbara
Lloyd, Rustin
Petitt, Joshua
Turnbull
Lindsey
Wolfe, Jon
Cassanello, Robert
Callovi, Andrew
Publisher
<a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida Department of History</a>
Contributor
<a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/photographiccollection/" target="_blank">Florida Photographic Collection</a>
<a href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a>
<a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a>
<a href="http://www.nypl.org/locations/schomburg%20target=">Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture</a>
Barton, Juanita
Gary, Bill
<a href="http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/" target="_blank">Harry T. &amp</a>
Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc.
Date Created
2011
Format
application/pdf
Extent
249 MB
Medium
1 exhibit
Language
eng
Mediator
History Teacher
Civics/Government Teacher
Provenance
Originally created by Robert Cassanello's Spring 2011 Historiography Graduate Class.
Rights Holder
Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida Department of History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only.
Accrual Method
Donation
Contributing Project
Robert Cassanello's Spring 2011 Historiography Graduate Class
Curator
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
External Reference
"<a href="http://floridacivilrightsexhibit.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida</a>." The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida. http://floridacivilrightsexhibit.blogspot.com/.
Bartley, Abel A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41482161" target="_blank"><em>Keeping the Faith: Race, Politics, and Social Development in Jacksonville, Florida, 1940-1970</em></a>. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 2000.
Brown, Canter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44963696" target="_blank"><em>Florida's Black Public Officials, 1867-1924</em></a>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1998.
Colburn, David R. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11133337" target="_blank"><em>Racial Change and Community Crisis: St. Augustine, Florida, 1877-1980</em></a>. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985.
Corsair, Gary. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53097367" target="_blank"><em>The Groveland Four: The Sad Saga of a Legal Lynching</em></a>. [Bloomington, IN]: 1st Books, 2003.
Crooks, James B. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53435227" target="_blank"><em>Jacksonville: The Consolidation Story, from Civil Rights to the Jaguars</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004.
D'Orso, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33047183" target="_blank"><em>Like Judgment Day: The Ruin and Redemption of a Town Called Rosewood</em></a>. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1996.
Dunn, Marvin. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49414756" target="_blank"><em>Black Miami in the Twentieth Century</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1997.
Evans, Arthur S., and David R. Lee. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21563352" target="_blank"><em>Pearl City, Florida: A Black Community Remembers</em></a>. Boca Raton: Florida Atlantic University Press, 1990.
Green, Ben. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40403600" target="_blank"><em>Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr</em></a>. New York, NY: Free Press, 1999.
Greenbaum, Susan D. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47965343" target="_blank"><em>More Than Black: Afro-Cubans in Tampa</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002.
McCarthy, Kevin. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/74987559" target="_blank"><em>African American Sites in Florida</em></a>. Sarasota, Fla: Pineapple Press, 2007.
Mohl, Raymond A., Matilda Graff, and Shirley M. Zoloth. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52688091" target="_blank"><em>South of the South: Jewish Activists and the Civil Rights Movement in Miami, 1945-1960</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004.
Oliver, Kitty. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45301837" target="_blank"><em>Race and Change in Hollywood Florida</em></a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2000.
Ortiz, Paul. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58728548" target="_blank"><em>Emancipation Betrayed The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920</em></a>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.
Phelts, Marsha Dean. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48138754" target="_blank"><em>An American Beach for African Americans</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1997.
Price, Hugh Douglas. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/423585" target="_blank"><em>The Negro and Southern Politics: A Chapter of Florida History</em></a>. [New York]: New York University Press, 1957.
Rabby, Glenda Alice. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39860115" target="_blank"><em>The Pain and the Promise: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Tallahassee, Florida</em></a>. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1999.
Rymer, Russ. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40145621" target="_blank"><em>American Beach: A Saga of Race, Wealth, and Memory</em></a>. New York, NY: HarperCollinsPublishers, 1998.
Saunders, Robert W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44585446" target="_blank"><em>Bridging the Gap: Continuing the Florida NAACP Legacy of Harry T. Moore, 1952-1966</em></a>. Tampa, Fla: University of Tampa Press, 2000.
Shell-Weiss, Melanie. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/226356610%20target="><em>Coming to Miami: A Social History</em></a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2009.
Coverage
Brevard County, Florida
Cocoa, Florida
Daytona Beach, Florida
Eatonville, Florida
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Gainesville, Florida
Groveland, Florida
Jacksonville, Florida
Live Oak, Florida
Madison County, Florida
Miami, Florida
Miami Gardens, Florida
Mims, Florida
Ocoee, Florida
Palatka, Florida
Rosewood, Florida
Tallahassee, Florida
Tampa, Florida
St. Augustine, Florida
Montogmery, Alabama
Scottsboro, Alabama
Selma, Alabama
Tuskegee, Alabama
Chicago, Illinois
Syracuse, New York
Greensboro, North Carolina
Knoxville, Tennessee
Pulaski, Tennessee
101st Airborne Division
14th Amendment
15th Amendment
99th Fighter Squadron
A Red Record
African Americans
Afro-Cubans
American Civil War
Anderson, Patrick
Asa Philip Randolph
Atlanta Exposition
Bahamians
Barton, Juanita
beach
beaches
Bethel Baptist Institutional Church
Bethune-Cookman College
Bethune, Mary McLeod
Black Cabinet
Booker Taliaferro Washington
Brevard County
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
Brown v. Board of Education of Topek
bus boycotts
Callovi, Andrew
Central Florida
Cepero, Laura
Chambers v. Florida
Chaney, James
Charles Kenzie Steele
Chicago, Illinois
civil disobedience
civil rights
Civil Rights Act of 1875
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Civil Rights March
Civil Rights Movement
Clara White Mission
Cocoa
Cocoa Elementary School
Confederates
Constitution
Constitutional League of Florida
Cook, Jennifer
Cookman Institute
Corbett, Joseph Francis II
Dale Mabry Field
Davis, Ed
Davis, John A.
Daytona Beach
Democratic Party
desegregation
discrimination
disfranchisement
Double V Campaign
Dwight David Eisenhower
Eartha M. M. White
Eartha Mary Magdalene White
Eatonville
educators
Eisenhower, Dwight D.
Englehardt, Tanya
equal pay
exhibits
FDR
Federal Council of Negro Affairs
Fifteenth Amendment
Florida Civil Rights Act
Florida Memorial college
Florida Photographic Collection
Florida Streetcar Segregation Law
Florida Supreme court
Florida Teachers Association
Flynn, Jacob
Fort Lauderdale
Fourteenth Amendment
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Franklin, William
Freedom Riders
Freedom Rides
Freedom Summer
Garvey, Marcus
Gary, Bill
Gibson v. Board of Public Instruction of Dade County
Goff, Cynthia
Goodman, Andrew
Grant, Ulysses S.
Great Depression
Greensboro Sit-in
Greensboro, North Carolina
Groveland
Groveland Four
Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc.
Hawkins, Virgil D.
Holland
Houser, Barbara
Houston, Texas
Howard, Willie James
Hurston, Zora Neale
Ida Bell Wells-Barnett
Ike Eisenhower
Jacksonville
Jakes, Wilhelmina
Jim Crow South
King, Martin Luther, Jr.
KKK
Knoxville, Tennessee
Ku Klux Klan
Library of Congress
Lincoln, Abraham
Literary and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls
Little Rock 9
Little Rock Central High School
Little Rock Nine
Little Rock, Arkansas
Live Oak
Lloyd, Rustin
lynchings
Madison County
Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr.
Marshall, Thurgood
Mary Jane McLeod Bethune
McCall, Willis V.
McDivitt, Anne Ladyem
Miami
Michael Henry Schwerner
Mississippi Plan
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Montgomery, Alabama
Moore, Harriette V.
Moore, Harriette Vyda Simms
Moore, Harry T.
Moore, Harry Tyson
NAACP
National Afro-American League
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
National Equal Rights League
NERL
New Deal
New York
Niagara Movement
Ocoee Massacre
Ocoee Riot
Omaha, Nebraska
Orchard Villa Elementary School
Palatka
Parks, Rosa
Patterson, Carrie
Payne, Jesse
Petitt, Joshua
Plessy v. Ferguson
Progressive Voter's League
protests
Pulaski, Tennessee
race relations
race riots
racial equality
racism
Randolph, A. Philip
Reconstruction
Red Summer of 1919
Republican Party
Robert Cassanello
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks
Rosewood Massacre
Saunders, Robert
Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture
Schwerner, Michael
Scottsboro Boys
Scottsboro, Alabama
SCOTUS
segregation
Selma, Alabama
separate but equal
Shepard
sit-ins
slavery
Sociedad la Union Marti-Maceo
soldiers
South Carolina
Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases
St. Augustine
State Library and Archives of Florida
Steele, C. K.
Supreme Court
Supreme Court of the United States
Syracuse, New York
Tallahassee
Tallahassee Bus Boycott
Tampa
teachers
The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida
Timothy Thomas Fortune
To Secure These Rights: The Report of the President's Committee on Civil rights
Truman, Harry S.
Turnbull, Lindsey
Tuskegee University
Tuskegee, Alabama
U.S. Armed Forces
U.S. Army
U.S. Supreme Court
UF
UNIA
Union
Universal Negro Improvement Association
University of Florida
veterans
voting
voting rights
Voting Rights Act of 1965
W. E. B. Du Bois
wade-ins
Waldron, J. Milton
Washington, Booker T.
Wells, Ida B.
Wetmore, J. Douglas
white supremacy
White, Clara
William Edward Burghardt Du Bois
Williams, Alice
Willis Virgil McCall
Wolfe, Jon
Woolworth
Woolworth's
World War II
WWII
-
https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e890077f7cc8810201c975fe7a361009.pdf
d709e2d7218e2592c04f15f1e37465e3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Chase Collection
Description
Select images, correspondence, and other records from the Chase Collection (MS 14) at Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. According to the biographical sketch in the collection's finding aid:
"The story of the Chases in Florida began in 1878 when Sydney Octavius Chase (1860-1941), having read about orange groves in Scribner's Magazine, came to Florida from Philadelphia. His brother, Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948), joined him in 1884 and together they formed Chase and Company that year. The Chase brothers came to Florida at the right time for Florida citrus and at the right time for them as investment entrepreneurs. Strong family ties in the North provided them with financial backing for their ventures. Joshua left Florida in 1895 to work in the California citrus industry. He returned to Florida in 1904 and rejoined his brother. Another brother, Randall, remained in Philadelphia and augmented his brothers' finances when convenient. Sydney and Joshua were also important civic leaders who took part in community development, most notably in the City of Sanford. Both were elected to the Sanford city commission. They also supported the development of Rollins College, worked with the Florida Historical Society, and were the benefactors of numerous charities.
Chase and Company began as an insurance company and branched out to storage facilities and fertilizer sales. The latter was the beginning of the company's lucrative agricultural supply division which remained in operation throughout the existence of the company. Although citrus was the primary interest, the company also invested in other agricultural pursuits including celery in central Florida, tung oil production in Jefferson County, and winter vegetables and sugar cane in the Lake Okeechobee muck lands. The company was also involved in the peach business in Georgia and North Carolina. The company was incorporated in 1914, with the Chase brothers owning 75 percent of the stock, and reincorporated in 1948. A second generation of Chases began its involvement in the family operations when Sydney O. Chase, Jr. ( b. 1890) became a citrus buyer in 1922. He was later joined by his brother Randall who served as president of Chase and Company from 1948-1965. Outside the Chase Family, Alfred Foster, W. R. Harney, and William "Billy" Leffler figured prominently as company executives and investors. The company dissolved in 1979 when its principal assets were sold to Sunniland for $5.5 million.
The Chases' interest in citrus began when Sydney came to Florida and became associated with General Henry S. Sanford. The Chases would eventually own General Sanford's experimental farm, Belair, and the Chase family home in Sanford was located there. Over the years, the Chases invested in a number of citrus groves and owned others outright. In 1912, they organized the Chase Investment Company as a holding company for their farms. Initially, the company operated the Isleworth, Nocatee, Belair, and Kelly citrus groves as well as celery farms in Sanford. The company was renamed Chase Groves, Inc. in 1951. From time to time, Chase Investment was involved in real estate in Florida and North Carolina. The latter included Fort Caswell, a former military property that was held for a time and then sold. Unquestionably, the jewel in the Chase crown was the Isleworth grove at Windermere. Isleworth's four hundred lake-tempered acres carried the Chases through many difficult times. It proved to be the principal asset at the company's demise when it was sold to golf legend Arnold Palmer in 1984. Chase Groves dissolved that same year, 100 years after the founding of Chase and Company."
Contributor
<a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida
Alternative Title
Chase Collection
Subject
Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.)
Chase, Sydney Octavius, 1860-1941
Chase, Joshua Coffin, 1858-1948
Citrus fruit industry--Florida
Golf--Florida
Celery industry
Sanford (Fla.)
Windermere (Fla.)
Jacksonville (Fla.)
Orlando (Fla.)
Is Part Of
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>
Language
eng
Type
Collection
Coverage
Sanford, Florida
Isleworth Grove, Windermere, Florida
Jacksonville, Florida
Orlando, Florida
Contributing Project
<a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a><span>, University of Florida</span>
<a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank">Digital Collections (UFDC)</a>, University of Florida
Curator
Marra, Katherine
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
External Reference
"<a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=600" target="_blank">Sydney Chase Sr. (1860-1941)</a>." <em>Florida Citrus Hall of Fame</em>. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=600.
Warner, S.C. "<a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank">Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida</a>." <em>Florida State Horticultural Society</em> vol. 36 (1923): 198-200.
Hopkins, James T. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank"><em>Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959</em></a>. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960.
"<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus" target="_blank">Franklin Chase, 'Towering Figure in Citrus Industry</a>.'" <em>The Orlando Sentinel</em>, September 30, 1986. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus.
Provenance
Entire <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.
Rights Holder
The displayed collection is housed at <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.
Source Repository
University of Florida, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>
Has Part
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/90" target="_blank">Celery Collection</a>, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/93" target="_blank">Citrus Collection</a>, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/91" target="_blank">Belair Grove Collection</a>, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/100" target="_blank">Florida Citrus Exchange Collection</a>, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/88" target="_blank">Isleworth Grove Collection</a>, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/86" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/94" target="_blank">Holy Cross Episcopal Church Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/87" target="_blank">Sanford Country Club and Golf Course Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
"The Entrance of the Faith in the Eastern Part of the Peninsula and Some Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery" Manuscript
Alternative Title
"Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery"
Subject
Presbyterians--United States
Churches--Florida
Florida Presbytery (Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.)
Presbyterian Church
Description
An original manuscript titled "The Entrance of the Faith in the Eastern Part of the Peninsula and Some Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery," written by J. N. Whitner. The first Presbyterians in Florida migrated from the Carolinas and from Scotland beginning in 1820. The St. Johns Presbytery comprised of territory including and surrounding Fort Mellon, Fort Read, and Fort Brooke. In the early 1850s, Francis Lee Galloway, a leading elder of the Presbyterian Church, settled in the Fort Read community after migrating to Florida from Mecklenburg County, North Carolina.<br /><br />Around 1855, Judge James G. Spear planted orange groves and built his home around Lake Apopka. Called Oakland, Speer's home served as a location for Christians to assemble daily for prayer and for Sunday services conducted by the judge himself. The first group of Presbyterians to arrive in Fort Read after the Seminole War were Dr. Andrew C. Caldwell and his family, who migrated to Florida from Greensboro, North Carolina, in May 1867.<br /><br />In 1869, Reverend John W. Montgomery, the Evangelist of Florida Presbytery, organized the Sumter Church in Sumter County. The name of the church was later changed to the Leesburg Presbyterian Church and a building was constructed in 1884. Plans to organize and build a church at Fort Read began in 1869, with Reverend F. F. Montgomery conducting services. Silver Lake Church was officially organized in February 1870 and the church building was completed the following year. St. Johns Presbytery was organized at Silver Lake Church on March 9, 1878. In 1900, after much of the population shifted toward the growing Town of Sanford, the church dissolved.
Type
Text
Source
Original manuscript by J .N. Whitner: "The Entrance of the Faith in the Eastern Part of the Peninsula and Some Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery," February 1870: box 173, folder 9.52, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> (MS 14), box 173, folder 9.52, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Requires
<a href='http://www.adobe.com/reader.html' target='_blank'>Adobe Acrobat Reader</a>
Is Part Of
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/87" target="_blank">Sanford Country Club and Golf Course Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/23" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida.
Is Referenced By
Folder referenced in Chase Collection finding guide, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm</a>.
Is Format Of
Digital reproduction of original manuscript by J .N. Whitner: "The Entrance of the Faith in the Eastern Part of the Peninsula and Some Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery," February 1870.
Coverage
Euchee Valley, DeFuniak Spring, Florida
Fort Mellon, Florida
Oakland, Florida
Mellonville, Florida
Leesburg, Florida
Micanopy, Florida
Tallahassee, Florida
Quincy, Florida
Fort Read, Florida
Madison, Florida
Americus, Georgia
Oakland, Florida
Enterprise, Florida
Apopka, Florida
Orlando, Florida
Beresfod, Florida
Sanford, Florida
Creator
Whitner, J. N.
Date Created
1870-02
Format
application/pdf
Extent
1.77 MB
Medium
9-page typewritten manuscript
Language
eng
Mediator
History Teacher
Geography Teacher
Provenance
Entire <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.
Rights Holder
The displayed collection item is housed at <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.
Accrual Method
Donation
Contributing Project
<a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida
<a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank">Digital Collections (UFDC)</a>, University of Florida
Curator
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
Source Repository
University of Florida, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>
External Reference
Bullock, James R., and Jerrold Lee Brooks. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/17274973" target="_blank"><em>Heritage and Hope: A Story of Presbyterians in Florida</em></a>. Orlando, Fla: Presbyterian Church (USA), Synod of Florida, 1987.
Kirk, Cooper Clifford. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1846550" target="_blank"><em>A History of the Southern Presbyterian Church in Florida, 1821-1891</em></a>. Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 1966.
Pierce, Albert W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25982814" target="_blank"><em>The Presbyterian Church, U.S.A. in Florida</em></a>. S.l: Synod of Florida, 1948.
Transcript
THE ENTRANCE OF THE FAITH
IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE PENINSULA
AND SOME EARLY PRESBYTERIAN PLANTINGS IN THE REGION OF SAINT JOHNS PRESBYTERY
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATED TO THE FAMILY OF THE REV. WILLIAM B. TELFORD BY MRS. J. N. WHITNER
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Americus, Georgia
Apopka
Army
Baker, Archibald
baptism
Beresford
Boone, Cornelia Frances
Boone, Janette Bruce
Boone, Mattie
Bruce, Agnus Donald
Bruce, Cornelia Frances Marks
Caldwell, Andrew C.
Caldwell, Andrew Curran
Caldwell, Julie Doak
Caldwell, Robert Ernest
Caldwell, Sallie Davidson
Christiania, Norway
church
church elder
circuit rider
Columbia County
Convention of the General Assembly
Darlington
deacon
DeLand
Dubose, John C.
education
elder
enterprise
Episcopal Church
Episcopalian
Episcopalianism
Euchee Valley
evangelism
evangelist
Evangelist of Florida Presbytery
Everglades
Fort Dallas
Fort Maitland
Fort Mellon
Fort Read
Galloway, Francis Lee
Galloway, Nancy
Gamble, William G.
Gould
Gould, Benjamin
Gound, Benjamin
Graften, C. W.
Green
Greensboro, North Carolina
Harrington
Holland
Holland, Ella
Holland, Herbert
Holland, Sarah Cochrane
Holland, Ursula
Lake Apopka
Leesburg
Little, James
Luraville
Madison
Maitland
Mar's Bluff, South Carolina
Markes, Maggie
Marks
Marks, Adeline Tomlinson
Marks, Jacinta
Marks, Maggie
Marks, Matthew R.
marriage
Mason
Mason, Zolotus
McCorkle, S. V.
McCormack, J. W.
McIlvaine, William E.
McLean, Josephine
McLean, Madison
McLean, Maggie
Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
Mellonville
Methodism
Methodist
Methodist church
Miami
Micanopy
mission
Montgomery, F F.
Montgomery, John W.
Native American
Nichols, Maria Stone
North Carolina
North Florida
Oakland
orange county
Orange House
orlando
Pensacola
pioneer
Presbyterian
Presbyterian church
Presbyterianism
Read, Ford
Rees, Margaret Bruce
religious education
reverend
Rossetter
Rossetter, Appleton T.
Saint Johns Presbytery
Sanford
school
Scotland
Seminole
Seminole War
settlement
Silver Lake Church
South Carolina
Speer
Speer, James G.
St. Johns River
Stagg, John W.
Stockton
Stockton, North Carolina
Sumter County
Sunday school
Suwannee County
Tallahassee
Telford
Telford, R. L.
Telford, William B.
The Early Planting of Presbyterianism in West Florida
The Entrance of the Faith in the Eastern Part of the Peninsula and Some Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery
Tufts, Edgar
Turner, George D.
U.S. Army
Volusia County
Walton County
Watson
wedding
Weinrich, Charles
West Florida
Whipple
Whitner, Amelia Melvina Howard
Whitner, B. F.
Whitner, B.F.
Whitner, J. N.
Whitner, Joseph Newton
Whitner, Mary Golphin
Whitner, Sarah Jane Church
Willy, John
Woodruff, Nancy Galloway
Woodruff, W. W.
Wylly, George W.
Young People's Musical Group
-
https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ea43a073a33132f7bb43e7b334acd0bd.pdf
626ed41df569e2256a31a8b9b7ff4d80
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Thomas Cook Collection
Alternative Title
Cook Collection
Subject
Orlando (Fla.)
Orange County (Fla.)
Longwood (Fla.)
Cape Canaveral (Fla.)
Lake Wales (Fla.)
Silver Springs (Fla.)
Weeki Wachee (Fla.)
Winter Haven (Fla.)
Osceola County (Fla.)
Winter Park (Fla.)
Description
Collection of digital images, postcards, documents, and other records from the private collection of Thomas Cook. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.
Contributor
Cook, Thomas
Language
eng
Type
Collection
Coverage
Cape Canaveral, Florida
Lake Wales, Florida
Longwood, Florida
Orange County, Florida
Orlando, Florida
Osceola County, Florida
Winter Haven, Florida
Winter Park, Florida
Rights Holder
All items in the <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/102" target="_blank">Thomas Cook Collection</a> are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only.
Curator
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<p><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a></p>
Source Repository
Private Collection of Thomas Cook
Has Part
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/103" target="_blank">Postcard Collection</a>, Thomas Cook Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
External Reference
<span>Antequino, Stephanie Gaub, and Tana Mosier Porter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783150094" target="_blank"><em>Lost Orlando</em></a></span><span> Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2012.</span>
"<a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf">Downtown Orlando Historic District Walking Tour</a>." City of Orlando. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf.
<span>Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank"><em>A Guide to Historic Orlando</em></a></span><span>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006.</span>
<span>Osborne, Ray. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/253374549" target="_blank"><em>Cape Canaveral</em></a></span><span>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2008.</span>
<span>Smith, Margaret. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51888803" target="_blank"><em>The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years</em></a></span><span>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 2002.</span>
<span>Pelland, Maryan, and Dan Pelland. </span><a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67516850" target="_blank"><em>Weeki Wachee Springs</em></a><span>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005.</span>
<span>Flekke, Mary M., Sarah E. MacDonald, and Randall M. MacDonald. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/85451307" target="_blank"><em>Cypress Gardens</em></a></span><span>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2006.</span>
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
67-page book
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Early Settlers of Orange County, Florida: Reminiscent-Historic-Biographic
Alternative Title
Early Settlers of Orange County Florida
Subject
Orange County (Fla.)
Settlers, First
Orlando (Fla.)
Sanford (Fla.)
Christmas (Fla.)
Winter Park (Fla.)
Winter Garden (Fla.)
Kissimmee (Fla.)
Longwood (Fla.)
Altamonte Springs (Fla.)
Description
<em>Early Settlers of Orange County, Florida</em>, printed in 1915 and published by Clarence E. Howard of Orlando, Florida. The book also includes an article "Early History of Orlando" written by J.N. Whitner of Sanford, Florida. This 68-page book contains the biographies of many of Orange County's early settlers.
Creator
Howard, Clarence E.
Source
<span>Howard, Clarence E. </span><a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1725831" target="_blank"><em>Early Settlers of Orange County, Florida: Reminiscent-Historic-Biographic</em></a><span>. Orlando, Fla: C.E. Howard, 1915.</span>
Publisher
Howard, Clarence E.
Date Created
1915
Contributor
Whitner, J. N.
Is Format Of
Digital reproduction of original book: Howard, Clarence E. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1725831" target="_blank"><em>Early Settlers of Orange County, Florida: Reminiscent-Historic-Biographic</em></a>. Orlando, Fla: C.E. Howard, 1915.
Is Part Of
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/102" target="_blank">Thomas Cook Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida.
Requires
<a href='http://www.adobe.com/reader.html' target='_blank'>Adobe Acrobat Reader</a>
Format
application/pdf
Extent
19.3 KB
Medium
67-page book
Language
eng
Type
Text
Coverage
Orlando, Florida
Sanford, Florida
Winter Park, Florida
Winter Garden, Florida
Longwood, Florida
Altamonte Springs, Florida
Kissimmee, Florida
Christmas, Florida
Spatial Coverage
28.539291\-81.377907
28.803165\-81.26936
28.599896\-81.339026
28.55256\-81.59008
28.702784\-81.338339
28.661972\-81.366177
28.291987\-81.407719
28.529337\-80.999306
Temporal Coverage
1750-01-01/1915-12-31
Accrual Method
Donation
Mediator
History Teacher
Civics/Government Teacher
Economics Teacher
Geography Teacher
Provenance
Originally created by Clarence E. Howard.
Rights Holder
Copyright to this resource is held by Clarence E. Howard and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only.
Curator
Cook, Thomas
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a>
Source Repository
Private Collection of Thomas Cook
External Reference
Howard, Clarence E. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1725831" target="_blank"><em>Early Settlers of Orange County, Florida: Reminiscent-Historic-Biographic</em></a>. Orlando, Fla: C.E. Howard, 1915.
Porter, Tana Mosier, Cassandra Fyotek, Stephanie Gaub Antequino, Cynthia Cardona Melendez, Garret Kremer-Wright, and Barbara Knowles.<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/551205659" target="_blank"><em>Historic Orange County: The Story of Orlando and Orange County</em></a>. San Antonio, Tex: Historical Pub. Network, 2009.
Transcript
Early Settlers of Orange County Florida
1915
OLD WORTHIES OF ORANGE COUNTY
The late Hon. W. L. Palmer
The late Gen. W. H. Jewell
The late Judge J. D. Beggs
The late Capt. L. C. Horn
The late Judge Cecil Butt
The late Will Wallace Harney,
Orange County Poet
The late J. P. Huey
The late Dr. J. N. Butt
Hiram Beasley
Bailiff of Orange County Court from the earliest days to now
EARLY SETTLERS OF ORANGE COUNTY, FLORIDA
Reminiscent--Historic--Biographic
1915
C. E. HOWARD, ORLANDO, FLA.
PUBLISHER
Date Copyrighted
1915
149th Pennsylvania Volunteer Company D
1st Regiment Florida Volunteer Infantry
2nd Regiment
A. A. Stone and Son
Abrams & Bryan
Addison, Illinois
Alabama
Alachua
Alden
Alexander, Elise
Allen, Edbert
Altamonte
Altamonte Springs
Altamonte Springs Hotel
Amarillo, Texas
American Antiquarian
American Revoluation
Anderson County, South Carolina
Angier, Edna I.
Ansonia, Connecticut
Apopka
Apopka Bank
Apopka Board of Trade
Apopka City
Apopka Drainage Company
Arkansas
Article 19
Astor
Astor Hotel
Athens, Georgia
Atlanta, Georgia
Atlantic City, New Jersey
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company
Augusta, Georgia
Back to the Soil
Baltimore College
Bank of Oakland
Barber, Andrew J.
Barber, Joseph A.
Barber, Maggie S. Simmons
Battle Creek, Michigan
Battle of Gettysburg
Battle of Shiloh
Battle of Vicksburg
Beck, Nannie Woodruff
Bedford County, Virginia
Beecher, Thomas K.
Beeman, H. L.
Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks
Berry, Jeane V.
Berry, Thomas W.
Berry, W. T.
Bingham School
Bird, Mary A.
Blakely, William P.
Blanchard, Charles
Blitz, J. M.
Board of Trade
Bogy Creek
Boone, C. A.
Boone's Early Orange
Boston, Massachusetts
Bradshaw
Bradshaw, Elise Alexander
Bradshaw, John Neill
Branche's Book Store
Brockton, Massachusetts
Brunswick, Georgia
Buck Horn Academy
Buck Tails
Buffalo, New York
Bullock
Burlington, Indiana
Burritt College
C. A. Boone and Company
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California
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Camp Monroe
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Carson and Newman College
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Chapman, E. G.
Chapman, Foster
Chapman, John C.
Chapman, John T.
Chapman, Mattie P.
Chapman, R. Ethelyn
Chapman, Thomas A.
Chapman, William A.
Charleston Block
Chase Grove
Chasel Graves, James W.
Cheney & Odlin
Cheney, J. M.
Chicago, Illinois
China Grove
Church Street
Cincinnati Commercial
Citizens' National Bank of Orlando
citrus
Civil War
Clark County, Indiana
Clay Spring
Clay springs
Clerwater, Minnesota
Clouser, C. A.
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Coacoochee
Cobb County, Georgia
Cockney
Coffee, John
Collins, Ailsey
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Columbia County
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Comanche, Oklahoma
Commandery
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Cones, Elliot
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Congress
Constitution
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Cook's Ferry
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county commissioner
Covington, Georgia
Cracker culture
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Crawfordville, Georgia
Creek Indians
Creeks
Crisey & Norris
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Crown Point, Indiana
Cuba
Curtis & O'Neal
Curtis, Fletcher & O'Neal
Dade County
Dann Real Estate Agency
Dann, R. Edgar
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Davidson College
Davis, E. H.
Davis, Frank H.
Davis, Mary
Demans, P. A.
Devlin, Minnie Elizabeth
Dickenson, Cynthia Ann Roberta
Dillard, J. L.
District School Trustees
Dixie
Dolive, W. L.
Dollins, Alice J. Rushing
Dollins, Alice Strickland
Dollins, Carl W.
Dollins, Hugh
Dollins, Hugh D.
Dollins, Kellie Rushing
Dollins, L. J.
Dollins, Mary
Dollins, Thomas A.
Dr. Stark
Dreer's
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Duke, James K.
Duke, Mary Kerr
Dule West, South Carolina
DuPage County, Illinois
Eastman's Business College
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Elks Club
Elm Grove Academy
Elmire Female College
Emmett, Michigan
Empire Hotel
England
Erksine College
Eureka
Everglades
Ewing, Earl W.
Ewing, Willie Carnell
Fairfield
Farrel Iron Foundry
FEC
Fernandez, Hallie G.
Fernandez, Henry Gore
Fifth New Hampshire Regiment
Fifth Tennessee Infantry
First Baptist Church of Orlando
First National Bank of Cameron
First Presbyterian Church of Orlando
Fleming
Flemming, Francis P.
Florida
Florida Association of Architects
Florida Board of Architecture
Florida Citrus Exchange
Florida Cracker
Florida Midland Railroad
Florida Railroad Commission
Florida State Legislature
Florida State Senate
Fogg, N. H.
Ford Estate
Forest
Forst house
Fort Christmas
Fort Gatlin
Fort Mellon
Fort Myers
Fort Reed
France
Francis, Margaret M.
Franklin County, Tennessee
freemason
freeze
Fruit Growers' Association
Fudge, James
Gadsen County
Gainesville
Gainesville, Alabama
Galia County, Ohio
Gallowy, Nannie
Gardner, Maine
Garrett, Hardy
General Florida Statutes
Georgia
Georgia University
Giles, Edna Adelima
Giles, James L.
Giles, Leroy B.
Gore, Mahlon
Gotha
Gotha, Germany
Grand Theatre
Grant, Ulysses S.
Graves, Anna L.
Graves, Arthur F
Graves, George T.
Graves, Helen Louise
Graves, I. W.
Graves, James W.
Graves, Minnie M.
Great Freeze
Greek architecture
Greeley
Greensboro, Alabama
Greenwood
Griffin, :Lawrence Jefferson
Griffin, Able
Griffin, Benjamin Luther
Griffin, Helen
Griffin, Henrietta E.
Griffin, Hilda
Griffin, John W.
Griffin, Rebekah Wilcox
Griffin, Samuel S.
Griffin, Stanley S.
Griffin, Willie L. Vick
Griffin, Yancey R.
Grundy County, Illinois
Guilford, Connecticut
Guinnett County, Georgia
Guyette County, Georgia
Gwinnett County, Georgia
Halifax County, North Caroline
Halstead, Murat
Hand, C. M.
Hand, Carey
Hand, Charlie M.
Hand, Elijah
Hand, Harry E.
Hand, Henry
Happersett, S. H.
Happersett, Stella Alcesta Rollins
Harlem, Illinois
Harrisburg High School
Harrison, Minnie Odella
Havana, Illinois
Heard National Bank of Jacksonville
Henck, E. W.
Herd County, Georgia
Hernando County
Hertford County, North Carolina
Hill, Ben
Hill, W. J.
Hillsboro, Tennessee
Hiwassee College
Hoffner, Charles H.
Hoffner, Edna I. Angier
Hoffner, Harry A.
Holshouser, Cynthia Ann Roberta Dickenson
Holshouser, Linnie Wilkins
Home Guards
Homestead
Honduras
Hoole, James L.
Hoosier Springs Grove
House of Representatives
Houston, Texas
Howard, Clarence E.
Howard's Grove, Wisconsin
Hudnal, Edward
Hudson
Hudson Battery
Hudson, Alfred B.
Hughey, J. P.
Hughey, John
Hull, Emily Harriett
Hull, William Benjamin
Hupple, Bernhart
Hupple, Friederika
Hyers, T. G.
Illinois
Indian architecture
Indian River
Indian River, Georgia
Ireland
Irmer, Lillian Maguire
Iron Bridge
Ironton, Ohio
Italy
J. B. Clouser and company
Jackson
Jackson, Helen Augusta
Jackson, Joseph
Jacksonvile
Jefferson City, Tennessee
Jerome, H.
Jerome, R. P.
John Hopkins Hospital
Johnson, Joseph, E.
Jones, John W.
Jones, W. S.
Journegan
Kendrick
Kentucky
Kerr, John P
Kerr, Margaret
Kerr, Mary
Kerr, Sarah Howard
Killingworth, Connecticut
Kilmer, Washington
Kincaid, M. C.
King Philip
King, Murray S.
Kirkwood
Kissimmee
Knights of Pythias
Knights Templar
Krez, Conrad
Kunz, George f.
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Lake Butler
Lake Charity
Lake Conway
Lake Eola
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Lake Hope
Lake Howell
Lake Jessamine
Lake Monroe
Lake Osceola
Lakeland
Lakeview Cemetery
Laughlin, Frances
Lebanon, Ohio
Lee County, Texas
Lee University
Lee, A.
Lewis, Arthur A.
Lewis, Grace
Lewis, James M.
Lewis, Joseph M.
Lewter, Elva jouett
Lewter, Frederick Augustus
Lewter, Frederick Augustus, Jr.
Lewter, Irma
Lewter, Jewell
Lewter, John T.
Lewter, Laura Louise
Lewter, Linnie Wilkins Holshouser
Lewter, Mary Davis
Lewter, Medora Inex
Lewter, Robert Dickenson
Lewter, Roberta
Lewter, William Ferderick
Lewter, Zelma Kight
Lightwood Camp
Litchfield
Lockhart
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London, England
Longwood
Longwood Hotel
Lord, Charles
Louisville, Kentucky
Loveless, Harry
Lovell House
Lucerne Circle
Lucerne Theatre
Lumsden, H. A.
Luther, E.
Luther, Martin
Lynch, William Brigham
MacDonald, Robert
Macon, Georgia
Madison, James
Magnolia Avenue
Magnolia Hotel
Magruder, C. B.
Magruder, James Bailey
Maguire, Charles Hugh
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Maguire, Fred H.
Maguire, J. O.
Maguire, Lillian
Maguire, Margaret M.Francis
Maguire, Rayner F.
Maguire, Thomas C
Maguire, Washington University
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Massey, Louis C.
Matchett, J. W.
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McKinley, William
Meadows
Mecca
Mellen, Charles
Mellonville
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Miles, Elizabeth J.
Miller, A. C.
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Minor, Tyrannus J.
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Overstreet, Robert T.
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Randolph Peninsula
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Roanoke, Virginia
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Sims, Eugene O.
Sims, J. Walter
Smith, Elizabeth J. Miles
Smith, Walter
Smith, William
South Apopka
South Apopka Supply Company
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South Florida Fair Association
South Florida Foundry and Machine Company
South Florida Railroad
South Lake Apopka Citrus Growers' Association
Southern Express Company
Spanish Mission architecture
Spanish-American War
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Speer, Gertrude K.
Speer, J. G.
Speer, James P.
Speer, Jason P.
Speer, Sidney
Speer, William
Spencer County, Tennessee
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State Bank of Orlando
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Steinmetz, John B.
Stevens County, Oklahoma
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Stone, A. A.
Stone, Alvord Alonzo
Stone, L. L.
Stone, Lovell Lazell
Strickland, Alice
Strong, Edward Malten
Sub-Tropical Mid-Winter Exposition
Summer Street
Summerlin Hotel
Summerlin House
Swedes
Sweeney, Robert
Switzerland
T. J. Minor and Brother
Taft, William H.
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Tampa & Gulf Railroad
Taylor Safe Manufacturing Company
Telfair County, Georgia
Tennessee
Texas
Thayer, Jessie M.
The Arcade
The Auk
The Citizen
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The Orange County citizen
The Orange County Reporter
The Orlando Reporter-Star
The Orlando Star
The Reporter-Star
The Seminole
The Sentinel
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Three Graces Lakes
Tiedkie
Tilden
Tilden, L. F.
Tilden, Minnie M.
Titusville
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Trammell, Park
Tullahoma, Tennessee
Turner, Anna Belle
Tuscaloosa County, Alabama
Tyner, C. R.
Union
University Law School
University of Pennsylvania
Vanderbilt
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Vick, J. H.
Vick, Willie L.
Vicksburg
Virginia
Wakalla, South Carolina
Wallerfield Sarah A.
Walton, Edwin S.
Warlow, T. Picton
Warnell Lumber Company
Warnell Lumber company Millers
Washington Place
Washington, D. C.
Watkins Block
Watson
Weathersbee, Allen
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Wekiwa River
Wekiwa Springs
Welaka
West Virginia
White, W. G.
Whitner, J. N.
Wiggs, Annie B.
Wilcox County, Georgia
Wilcox, Mark
Wilcox, Rebekah
Winter Garden
Winter Garden Water and Light Company
Winter Park
Wisconsin Men of Progress
Witherington, Anna Belle Turner
Witherington, H. H.
Woodruff & Watson
Woodruff, Ailsey Collins
Woodruff, Elizabeth Agnes Shine
Woodruff, Emma
Woodruff, Frank
Woodruff, Frank L.
Woodruff, Minnie Elizabeth Devlin
Woodruff, Nannie Galloway
Woodruff, Seth
Woodruff, Seth W.
Woodruff, W. W. W.
Woodruff, William W.
World's Fair
Yowell-Duckworth Building
Yulee Railroad
Zellwood