0:00:00 Hope CommUnity Center
0:04:30 Working conditions
0:12:48 Apopka farms in the 1970s
0:19:03 Relations between farmworkers and crew leaders
0:24:21 Migration to Florida and the development of muck farms
0:27:47 Shifting racial dynamics and pesticide exposure
0:37:04 Shutdown of Lake Apopka
0:43:13 The legacy of black farmworkers and Dowdell v. City of Apopka
0:49:51 Segregation
0:52:41 Closing remarks]]> RICHES, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> -10
-10]]> -10
-10]]> RICHES, Orlando, Florida.]]> Apopka Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES.]]> QuickTime.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES]]> 0:01:16 Lake Apopka Project and the Lake Apopka Restoration Act of 1996
0:02:52 Farmworker Association of Florida
0:04:57 Pesticide health and safety
0:06:01 Common environmental challenges facing farmworkers
0:08:48 Necessity and evolution of the FAF
0:13:15 Ethnic makeup and race relations among farmworkers in Apopka
0:24:47 Shutdown of Lake Apopka
0:32:18 Replacing African-American workers with Hispanic workers
0:38:32 Remembering farmworkers
0:46:45 The future of farm labor
0:50:59 Closing remarks]]> RICHES, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> RICHES, Orlando, Florida.]]> Apopka Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES.]]> QuickTime.]]> RICHES]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District and Ralph Hammond.]]>

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This resource is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to Section 24 of the Florida Constitution.]]> Fed Up: The High Costs of Cheap Food, a book about sexual misconduct by crew leaders, modern farms in Florida and the treatment of Hispanic workers today. Matthew passed away in 2016.]]> 0:04:47 Parents and leaving home at age 13
0:09:04 Grandparents
0:11:32 Segregation and discrimination
0:17:25 Labor camps
0:22:31 Hispanic replacements for African American workers
0:31:11 Educational programs, retraining, and unemployment
0:38:27 Environmental justice and labor rights
0:42:08 Her Children’s Experiences as Farmworkers
0:42:53 Fed Up: The High Costs of Cheap Food by Dale Finley Slongwhite
0:47:11 Sexual abuse by crew leaders
0:49:35 RECORDING CUTS OFF
0:49:35 Modern farm labor and Hispanic workers
0:51:28 Closing remarks]]> RICHES, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> RICHES, Orlando, Florida.]]> Jared Muha Collection, Apopka Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES.]]> QuickTime.]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES]]> FloridAgriculture, a magazine published by the Florida Farm Bureau (FFB). The bureau was formed in 1941, when Florida Citrus Growers, Inc. was reorganized as the Florida Farm Bureau, affiliated with American Farm Bureau Federation. The FFB represents Florida farmers in the Florida Legislature, studies agricultural practices, and offers insurance products for its members. This article discusses the history of Lake Apopka and its pollution, and describes research findings by Dr. Richard B. Forbes, a chemist working at the Sanford Agricultural Research and Education Center. The article also describes efforts by the Central Florida Agricultural Institute (CFAI) to stop pollution in the lake. The CFAI was a non-profit corporation formed to represent the Zellwood farmers operating on Lake Apopka's north shore and investigate potential methods to reduce pollution. The article claims that the CFAI had donated $50,000 to the Sanford Agricultural Research and Education Center and was working on reservoir systems to prevent polluted discharge water from entering the lake.

Lake Apopka is one of Florida’s largest lakes and was once considered to be one of the world’s best lakes for bass fishing. The lake’s sport fish population began to decline in the 1960s, with major die-offs occurring almost yearly. The lake’s problems are generally considered to be the result of over-nutrification from various sources. Twenty thousand acres of wetlands bordering the lake’s north shore were drained in the 1940s and used for highly fertile "muck farms." These farms were routinely flooded to protect the fragile soil, and the fertilizer and pesticide-laden water was then discharged back into the lake prior to each growing season. Other sources of pollution include discharge from citrus processing operations, as well as treated wastewater from sewage plants. The nutrient-rich discharge promoted algae growth in the lake, turning the water to a green color, and blocked sunlight from reaching aquatic vegetation, which provided food and habit to the lake’s fish population. The lake’s bottom soil became increasingly “mucky,” also disrupting aquatic vegetation from taking root.

Restoration work on the lake began in the 1960s with attempts by various agencies to remove “trash fish,” such as gizzard shad, from the lake via seining, which would hopefully allow the lake’s sportfish to thrive. The Lake Apopka Restoration Council, an initiative formed under Governor Claude Kirk (1926-2011) in 1967, launched several studies to find methods to improve the lake, though no serious action was taken. Various methods were debated to restore the lake through the 1970s and 1980s, including “drawdown,” which entailed completely draining the lake to allow the mucky bottom to consolidate. Restoration attempts were stalled for lack of funding and research.

The Lake Apopka Restoration Council was reformed in 1985 under Governor Bob Graham (b. 1936), and, in 1987, the Surface Water and Improvement Management Act was passed. Together, these actions allowed comprehensive restoration plans to take shape, such as the Marsh Flow-way, a project by the St John’s Water Management District that uses natural methods to remove nutrients from the lake. The Friends of Lake Apopka, a citizen Environmental advocacy group, began to push for further restoration efforts in the 1990s. The lake’s north shore muck farms were eventually purchased by the State of Florida, helping to reduce the amount of nutrient entering the lake.]]> FloridAgriculture, May 1973: binder 1973, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, Oakland Nature Preserve, Oakland, Florida.]]> FloridAgriculture]]> FloridAgriculture, May 1973.]]> Oakland Nature Preserve, Oakland, Florida.]]> Friends of Lake Apopka Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> FloridAgriculture.]]> FloridAgriculture and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Oviedo Heritage, a supplement for The Oviedo Outlook, published on June 30, 1977. This article describes the history of Andrew Duda, Sr., a celery and citrus farmer and early pioneer in Slavia, an unincorporated community southwest of Oviedo, Florida. Duda immigrated from Slovakia to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1909, later settling in Central Florida to try his hand at farming. Initially successful growing Irish potatoes, the market value of the crop could not cover shipping costs and the Duda family struggled financially to survive. Soon after they returned to Cleveland, where Duda and his sons worked in a factory to support the family. By 1926, the Duda family had saved enough money to return to Slavia. This time, their crops prospered and they formed A. Duda and Sons. The family owned company remains in existence today and is an international brand with locations across the globe.]]> The Oviedo Heritage, June 30, 1977: Oviedo Historical Society, Oviedo, Florida.]]> The Oviedo Outlook]]> The Oviedo Heritage, June 30, 1977.]]> The Oviedo Heritage '77, June 30, 1977." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5702.]]> Oviedo Historical Society Collection, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Oviedo Historical Society Collection, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> The Oviedo Outlook.]]> The Oviedo Outlook and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>