1 100 53 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d4ebde625b901200979667a3e9ddd20a.mp3 153aafe81b526af1c5bee86374c97e93 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a4c83263b5ce81646d9a1baf98d9d069.pdf 4bcdc48afd80f592069ea82414bcc7d7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 19 minutes and 39 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 2: The Legacy of the Ocoee Riot Alternative Title Legacy of the Ocoee Riot Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Ocoee (Fla.) Riots--Florida Race riots--United States Description Episode 2 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: The Legacy of the Ocoee Riot. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 2 examines the legacy of the Ocoee Race Riot and the efforts to commemorate the African-American experience in 21st-century Ocoee. This podcast includes interviews with William Maxwell of the Ocoee Human Relations Diversity Board. The Ocoee Race Riot erupted on Election Day, November 2, 1920. Up to 56 African Americans were killed and many African-American buildings were razed. Those who survived were threatened or forced to leave. The riot began as a white mob responded to Moses Norman's persistence of voting in the presidential election. The mob also targeted Julius "July" Perry, a wealthy African-American farmer and contractor, who was believed to be hiding Norman. Abstract Produced by Julio Firpo and narrated by Russell Moore, this episode examines the legacy of the Ocoee Race Riot and the efforts to commemorate the African American experience in 21st century Ocoee. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 19-minute and 39-second podcast by Julio R. Firpo, February 1, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 2: The Legacy of the Ocoee Riot." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Ocoee, Florida Wilmington, North Carolina Tulsa, Oklahoma Greenwood Cemetery, Orlando, Florida Creator Firpo, Julio R. Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Moore, Russell Maxwell, William Ortiz, Paul Dabbs, Lester Dickinson, Joy Wallace Date Created ca. 2011-02-01 Format audio/mp3 application/pdf Extent 18.1 MB 152 KB Medium 19-minute and 39-second podcast 11-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Julio R. Firpo and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> External Reference "<a href="http://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/Browse/ucf.edu.2577623765.02577623773.6741845303?i=2072598649" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 2: The Legacy of the Ocoee Riot</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/Browse/ucf.edu.2577623765.02577623773.6741845303?i=2072598649. Dabbs, Lester. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/15335684" target="_blank">A Report of the Circumstances and Events of the Race Riot on November 2, 1920 in Ocoee, Florida</a>. Thesis (M.A.)--Stetson University, 1969, 1969. Hurston, Zora Neale. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/17961731" target="_blank">The Ocoee Riot</a>. 1920. Jones, Maxine Deloris, and Kevin McCarthy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28423312" target="_blank">African Americans in Florida</a>. Sarasota, Fla: Pineapple Press, 1993. Krasa, Sandra, and Bianca White. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/263148385" target="_blank">Ocoee Legacy of the Election Day Massacre</a>. New York, NY: Distributed by Third World Newsreel, 2002. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2479" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, RICHES Podcast Update</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2479. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:01:30 Martin Luther King Unity Parade and Celebration 0:02:50 Ocoee Race Riot 0:05:06 Cover-up by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 0:06:47 Post-riot racial tensions 0:08:32 How Ocoee has changed 0:09:17 Martin Luther King, Jr. Day parade 0:10:26 Reconciliation 0:11:48 Ocoee Human Relations Diversity Board 0:13:47 African-American cemetery 0:14:28 Tulsa Race Riot 0:15:26 Changing white perspective on the Ocoee Race Riot 0:16:30 Public knowledge and awareness 0:17:04 Addressing dark history 0:18:57 Conclusion Date Copyrighted 2011-02-01 Date Issued 2011-02-01 Transcript Cassanello I’m Robert [A.] Cassanello, assistant professor of history at the University of Central Florida, and you’re listening to the RICHES documentary podcast. Welcome to the RICHES documentary podcast. RICHES, the regional initiative for collecting the histories, experiences, and stories of Central Florida, is an umbrella program housing interdisciplinary public history projects that bring together different departments at the University of Central Florida with profit and nonprofit sectors of the community in order to promote the collection and preservation of the region’s history. By facilitating research that records and presents the stories of communities, businesses, and institutions in Central Florida, RICHES seeks to provide the region with a deeper sense of its heritage. This series will feature a podcast every two weeks, in the middle and at the end of each month, that will explore various aspects of Central Florida history. In today’s episode, The Legacy of the Ocoee Race Riot of 1920, Julio [R.] Firpo produced this podcast and Russell Moore narrates it, which examines the long term impact of this event on the region. Moore On January 18th, 2010 the city of Ocoee heads to their fourth annual Martin Luther King Unity Parade and Celebration. The parade was planned by Ocoee’s Human Relations Diversity Board. The board aims to bring together all ethnic groups and make them feel as part of the community. William Maxwell has lived in Ocoee for over 15 years, and is the current chairman for the Human Relations Diversity Board. He elaborates of the purpose of the event. Maxwell Tomorrow is, of course, designed to really promote our mission statement, which is that of uniting the—the races, the businesses, and the churches in the city of Ocoee around that bridge of, of ethnical, uh, components that make up our community to make sure that we have some dignity, we have some respect of one another as individuals, and to ultimately raise the level of awareness of each group towards the existence of the other group so as to facilitate a more harmonious and racial profile in the eyes of our, uh, community, in the eyes of our county, and state, and take it to whatever level. Moore Ocoee was the center of a race riot in 1920. Paul Ortiz is a professor at the University of Florida, and the director of the Samuel Proctor Oral History Program. He has written on race relations in Florida, and was the keynote speaker for the 2009 Martin Luther King, Jr. parade. He explains the origin of the Ocoee Race Riot of 1920. Ortiz Well, what happened in Ocoee was something that was happening all throughout the state of Florida, and, in fact, all throughout the South. And 1920 was a presidential election year, and it was also a—a census year. It was a year where apportionment was going to happen. It was a year when African Americans throughout the entire country were registering to vote in a record numbers[sic]. And they were often using their wartime service as a[sic], uh, example of, you know, saying, “Hey, we went to France in very large numbers. we—we volunteered, we signed up, we fought in World War I, we served this country, we fought this war for freedom. Now we’re coming back to a country which considers us to be second class citizens.” And so there were these huge voter registration campaigns in black communities throughout the state of Florida, and Ocoee was no different than—than any other of these communities. And when people tried to vote in Ocoee, they were turned away from the polls, but they came back. There was a gun battle that occurred, and that led to a huge—a larger gun battle, which became a massacre. uh, most African Americans were driven out of Ocoee within a very short period of time. But that Election Day massacre here, again was part of a larger story. I mean, here were Election Day massacres that occurred in other parts of Florida, as well. The violence was aimed at stopping black people from voting. and—and in a larger symbolic sense, stopping them from feeling that they had a stake in society, that they could become involved politically. Because if they became involved politically in 1920, that’s the end of segregation. That’s the end of Jim Crow. And the entire system would’ve came tottering down. Moore Lester Dabbs is a former Ocoee mayor and commissioner, and served on the Human Relations Diversity Board. He wrote his master’s degree thesis on the Ocoee Riot. He stumbled upon an interesting discovery while conducting his research. Dabbs What I was able to ascertain is that it was a cover-up from the FBI [Federal Bureau of Investigation] all the way down the community, the—the city, the society was in denial about the ramifications of the—of the riot. It came about because of the rising influence of a couple of, uh, African-American, uh, labor organizers—or labor people—who, if you wanted any lettuce picked or oranges picked or what not, you had to go through either July Perry<a title="">[1]</a> or Moses Norman. That was the center cause, and the other situation, uh, Judge [John Moses] Chaney[sp] was, uh, arresting blacks in west Orange County who voted in the 1920 election, so it was a combination of factors. The, uh, FBI sent agents from, um, North Carolina, South Carolina, and I believe it was Georgia—anyway, three southern states to determine what was [laughs] —what was wrong, and there was no blame affixed. And uh, as I understand it, the grand jury report is still sealed. I know two people who’ve tried to gain access to it through the state attorney’s office, and it’s still sealed. So there was a veil of secrecy, so to speak, over the situation. Moore Decades after the riot, Ocoee still had a racial stigma surrounding the town. Joy Wallace Dickinson writes a weekly column in The Orlando Sentinel called “Florida Flashback,” which covers topics regarding Central Florida history. As a long term Central Floridian, she reflects on Ocoee’s past. Dickinson Uh, there are plenty of anecdotes. Again just from my own experience, I had a high school friend that told me, um—this would be back in the [29]50s or ‘60s—that there were [clears throat] black drivers that worked for her father’s business that wouldn’t go near Ocoee. I mean, if a delivery had to be made out there, somebody else had to do it. So, I think there was certainly, clearly a feeling that, uh, that was the place that black people not only were not welcome, but—but were—that they were afraid to go there. One of the, uh, leaders of the reconciliation movement, um, Jarred Gurley[sp], who is a lawyer now, but he was one of the leaders of the West Orange reconciliation task force. And I can remember him saying, he, he—he’s African American, and he said to his wife, “Well, why,” you know, “We can buy the same house that we’re looking at in MetroWest than Ocoee for so much less. why don’t we moved there?” And she had grown up in Orange County and said, “No way. Black people don’t just live in Ocoee. We wouldn’t do that.” But you know the economics were so great more people did, more you know more African Americans said, “Well, let’s do. Let’s buy that house there.” Ortiz I think it takes time. When I was a graduate student I actually came to Ocoee, and I was invited by a small group of people, who at the time were trying to tell the story about what happened in November 1920. And they felt completely marginalized by the larger community, and they felt really—they did a public event—I think it was at a local bookstore—it was very controversial. And now—you know, I don’t want to exaggerate the changes that have taken place, but now it seems that Ocoee is moving, uh, a little further along the road. Dabbs I received a call from Dr. Paul Ortiz—he spoke at the last[?] one, back in January—wanting to know my reaction to what impact of Martin Luther King Day parade had on the city, etc., etc. etc. Now I’ve, uh, had the black prince from Apopka tell me that how envious they are of Ocoee [laughs] for—for being gutsy enough to—to do this, uh, sort of thing. I, I think it was uh, uh, an excellent, uh, idea. I was able to get I think six sponsors, and uh, it’s uh—it’s going to be an annual thing. We’ve had three I think, and uh, but it was the brain child of the Human Relations Diversity Board, and, and Danny Barene[sp], uh, the police of chief of Eatonville of the time—it was his suggestion, which we, uh, took hold of and made happen. Dickinson In—in 2000, there had been an event a couple of years before that, uh, in which a couple of groups had put on a program in Ocoee, and it was—it was just tremendously volatile. It was considered a taboo to even talk about it. Um, particularly in, uh—in Ocoee. It was very upsetting to people. It—it was absolutely, sort of socially verboten to even acknowledge that it had happened. And uh, over those 10 years, there have been numerous things that have happened that have sort of built a spirit of reconciliation in many people involved. One of them being, placing a stone at the—the grave of July Perry in Greenwood Cemetery in Orlando, and, uh, many other things. But when—when Ocoee that first Martin Luther King Parade several years ago—I think this is the four one—that was considered a—a quite an, uh—an amazing turn of events, and, uh, now it’s gotten even, you know, more established as a—as an event that they would have a Martin Luther King parade. And I think that’s come to symbolize the changes in Ocoee and west Orange County. Moore Lester Dabbs explains the creation of the Ocoee Human Relations Diversity Board. Dabbs It was created, because city, uh, recognized that we have to get past the unsavory events of 1920 to—to come kicking and thrashing into the 21st century. There was an unofficial body that the former city manager—now deceased—lent support to and that was the West Orange Reconciliation Task Force. There was a riot in, um, Wilmington, North Carolina. They had had uh, a reconciliation at up there, a force that, uh, tell the story, you know, acknowledge the event, etc. and so we brought him the curator—the director—of that reconciliation in Wilmington here and, uh, we have, uh, —did have until last year—an annual affair where we gathered in the abandoned cemetery and what not. We bought headstones for July Perry, the man who was taken out of the jail and hanged on Lake Adair. And we’ve done any number of things, but this was an unofficial body. It was sanctioned by the city manager but it was not an arm of the City [of Ocoee] officially. So, as we progressed in making progress in that area, the City saw the opportunity and took advantage of it to build upon the good will that we were creating to form an official body appointed by the [Ocoee] City Commission. It had great diversity initially, and I guess still does. But that was an effort to again ensure that everyone got a fair shake in the—the city um, for job opportunity, business opportunity, etc. Cemeteries—white or black—are places of, uh, worthy of upkeep, and restoration, and what not. And the City abandoned this Negro cemetery in the mid-50s. There was a cemetery committee here that was charged with overseeing both the white and the black cemetery, but they dropped the black cemetery in, uh—I don’t know, ‘53, ‘55, something like that. And it just went further and further into the variation. Ortiz We are able to use now, certain days—like Martin Luther King Day for example—as an opening to create a space to talk about these types of events. And the thing we have to understand of course, as you all know, is that they occurred all across the country, and you know Tulsa[, Oklahoma]—I was just reading about the Tulsa race riot, for example—and—and Tulsa—the race there in 1921, um, was even larger and involved a huge amount of destruction of property and—and human life. And I think what it takes is kind of, uh, a coalition, if you will, both of people who have locally—you obviously need people who think historically—but you need, you need people who are not afraid to—to talk. To sit down out a table and just kinda put it out there, and say, “Well, let’s talk about the meaning of this.” Um, and I think now in what I’m hearing from—from this community is that people really want to—to actually, uh, talk. Dickinson And also, I think more people moved in that had no—I mean, more white people moved in—that had no idea this heritage were from other places, and it—it—there’s change on all kinds of levels, including on [inaudible] people that have lived there a long time. it’s not just all new folks. I think there’s been a change of heart, and I think also in—in along those lines, I mean, I’ve always been impressed that—I think this was a tremendous burden psychologically on white Ocoee as—as well as black. I—it’s, it’s—it’s really a deep scar. and I mean, there are anecdotes about—I’ve read in one of the—one of the accounts of the event that a—a long term doctor in West Orange would have people come to him and break down in tears for remembering that night and the fear that happened. So both races certainly suffered a lot I think from it. Psychologically and in other ways. Maxwell[?] I believe that the behavior that we see in our community, uh—especially human behavior—uh, is a direct result of knowledge. And I believe that it’s, it’s through events that we’re doing right now, that we can enhance the knowledge of the general public and raise their awareness, uh, to a level that they haven’t, uh, experienced before. Dickinson I’ve—I’ve had reactions every time I’ve written about it. I think that usually comes from—from folks that—and I—I don’t know, because that’s one of those things about anonymous postings. You really don’t know. But it usually comes from folks who—who live in Ocoee and are really tired of being—being, um, described in a negative way and—and that sort of thing. And—and by the way, I—I think there probably are African Americans who say this same sort of thing, “This is very painful, we don’t want to hear about it.” I, um—I think it is important to bring it up, uh, and it’s something I—I struggle with each time, but I think—I, I think, you know, if you care about history, you have to believe there are just lessons to be learned from the past. And it’s a tremendously compelling story, and—and I think one of the themes of it is how good people can get themselves into situations, in which they cause several things to happen, and they don’t realize it. They don’t realize they’re getting themselves into it. And I think that’s one of the lessons of the story, and by that, I mean, I think now—from today’s perspective, I think middle class white people sort of think that—many times think of the—the KKK [Ku Klux Klan] as I— as something that thugs engage in. But at the time they, the Ku Klux Klan was as presented as a popular fraternal organization for—for southern professional men. And, uh, I think many men joined it thinking that they were upholding some kind of values of the Old South or whatever—anyway without really expecting that they might get into situations in which there would be death and destruction. Moore Slowly over time this small Central Florida community has come to grips with its contentious past. Cassanello Thank you for listening to the RICHES Documentary Podcasts. Feel free to contact us with any questions or comments on the program that you just heard. Please join us for the next episode Serving the Community-The New Deal Post Office of Cocoa Florida, In which Heather Bollinger] examines the history of the iconic building, now home to the Florida Historical Society. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Julius Perry. </div> </div> Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/d4ebde625b901200979667a3e9ddd20a.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 2: The Legacy of the Ocoee Riot</a> Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Has Format Digital typed transcript of original 19-minute and 39-second podcast by Julio R. Firpo, February 1, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 2: The Legacy of the Ocoee Riot." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Referenced By "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2479" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, RICHES Podcast Update</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2479. African Americans Barene, Danny cemetery Cheney, John Moses City of Ocoee civil rights Dabbs, Lester Dickinson, Joy Wallace documentary Election Day Firpo, Julio R. Florida Flashback Greenwood Cemetery Gurley, Jared Jim Crow KKK Ku Klux Klan Lake Adair Martin Luther King Unity Parade and Celebration massacre Moore, Russell Norman, Moses Ocoee Ocoee City Commission Ocoee Human Relations Diversity Board Ocoee Massacre Ocoee Race Riot Ocoee Riot orange county orlando Ortiz, Paul Perry, Julius "July" Perry, July podcast race relations race riot reconciliation movement RICHES Podcast Documentaries Samuel Proctor Oral History Program segregation The Orlando Sentinel Tulsa Race Riot Tulsa, Oklahoma University of Florida voting rights West Orange Reconciliation Task Force Wilmington, North Carolina https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/254867a60c37e3bc46fe285fbbefc1d7.mp3 e70959dd9ada35b99b1c24356dfbdc5a https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2896dbb425123a3a5aa5e9375e239f3d.pdf cf8be4c92aab6f192700c0aab496ff67 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 27 minutes and 59 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 4: Gentrification and Urban Renewal: Revitalizing Central Florida’s African American Communities Alternative Title Gentrification and Urban Renewal Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Orlando (Fla.) Winter Park (Fla.) Gentrification--United States Urban renewal--Florida--Orlando Description Episode 4 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Gentrification and Urban Renewal. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 4 examines some of the factors that led to the ultimate decline of what was once a relatively prosperous African-American community in Central Florida, the efforts that have gone into restoring them, and the effectiveness of those campaigns. Primarily looking at the history of the Parramore district and Hannibal Square, discussion topics range from the effects of urban development and gentrification to the ways in which these communities have fought to preserve their heritage and improve their neighborhoods. Abstract This podcast examines some of the factors that led to the ultimate decline of what was once a relatively prosperous African-American community in Central Florida, the efforts that have gone into restoring them, and the effectiveness of those campaigns. Primarily looking at the history of the Parramore district and Hannibal Square, discussion topics range from the effects of urban development and gentrification to the ways in which these communities have fought to preserve their heritage and improve their neighborhoods. Type Sound Source Original 27-minute and 59-second podcast by Geoffrey Cravero, April 1, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 4: Gentrification and Urban Renewal: Revitalizing Central Florida’s African American Communities." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Parramore, Orlando, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Creator Cravero, Geoffrey Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Thompson, Geraldine F. Brotemarkle, Benjamin D. Chambliss, Julian C. Livingston, Fairolyn Date Created ca. 2011-04-01 Format audio/mp3 Extent 25.8 MB 151 KB Medium 27-minute and 59-second podcast 14-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Humanities Teacher Provenance Originally created by Geoffrey Cravero and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference Cox, Dale. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/781177259" target="_blank">Old Parramore: The History of a Florida Ghost Town</a>. S.l: Createspace], 2010. Dickinson, Joy Wallace "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2006-07-02/news/ORFLASH02_1_brotemarkle-oral-history-central-florida" target="_blank">Parramore Legacy: 'Black History is Part of Everybody's History'</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, July 2, 2006. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2006-07-02/news/ORFLASH02_1_brotemarkle-oral-history-central-florida. "<a href="http://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/Browse/ucf.edu.2577623765.02577623773.7292816977?i=1331393182" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 4: Gentrification and Urban Renewal</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/Browse/ucf.edu.2577623765.02577623773.7292816977?i=1331393182. Frazier, Amanda E. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47806651" target="_blank">On the Other Side of the Tracks: Redevelopment in West Winter Park</a>. Thesis (A.B. Honoris)--Rollins College, 2001, 2001. Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/435532264" target="_blank">Urban Revitalization in Florida</a>. [Tallahassee, Fla.]: Florida Legislative Committee on Intergovernmental Relations, 2005. "<a href="http://www.cityoforlando.net/economic/pathways-for-parramore/" target="_blank">History of Pathways for Parramore</a>." City of Orlando. http://www.cityoforlando.net/economic/pathways-for-parramore/. Livingston, Fairolyn. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/68757928" target="_blank">A Window on Hannibal Square: A View of Life in Early Westside Winter Park and a Portrait of the Lives and Careers of Walter B. Simpson and Frank R. Israel, the Only Black Men to Every Hold Office in the City of Winter Park, Florida</a>. 1997. Russin, Teresa. <a href="http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0021792" target="_blank">The Community Land Trust Model and Smart Growth Principles As a Means to Provide Affordable Housing in the Face of Gentrification</a>. [Gainesville, Fla.]: University of Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0021792. "<a href="http://www.hannibalsquareheritagecenter.org/aboutus.html" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." Hannibal Square Heritage Center. http://www.hannibalsquareheritagecenter.org/aboutus.html. "<a href="http://www.hannibalsquare.com/" target="_blank">Welcome to the Hannibal Square Association</a>." Hannibal Square Association. http://www.hannibalsquare.com/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/254867a60c37e3bc46fe285fbbefc1d7.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 4: Gentrification and Urban Renewal: Revitalizing Central Florida’s African American Communities</a> Date Copyrighted 2011-04-01 Date Issued 2011-04-01 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:03:40 Founding of Parramore 0:04:22 Effects of integration 0:07:17 William Monroe Wells and the South Street Casino 0:08:35 Interstate Highway 4 and the decline of Parramore 0:12:00 Hannibal Square and Winter Park 0:14:22 Real estate and infrastructure 0:17:33 Revitalization and gentrification 0:27:21 Conclusion Transcript Lester I’m Dr. Connie [L.] Lester, the Director of the RICHES program, and you are listening to the RICHES documentary podcast. [radio static] Lester Welcome to the RICHES documentary podcast. RICHES—the Regional Initiative for Collecting the Histories, Experiences, and Stories of Central Florida—is an umbrella program housing interdisciplinary public history projects that bring together different departments at the University of Central Florida with profit and nonprofit sectors of the community in order to promote the collection and preservation of the region’s history. By facilitating research that records and presents the stories of communities, businesses, and institutions in Central Florida, RICHES seeks to provide the region with a deeper sense of its heritage. This series feature a podcast every two weeks, in the middle and at the end of each month that will explore various aspects of Central Florida history. In today’s episode, “Gentrification and Urban Renewal: Revitalizing Central Florida’s African-American Communities,” Geoffrey Cravero examines some of the reasons that these once flourishing neighborhoods began to decline, and what city leaders are doing to save these communities. Cravero Hi. I’m Geoffrey Cravero, and in today’s episode, “Gentrification and Urban Renewal: Revitalizing Central Florida’s African-American Communities,” we’re gonna be speaking with Representative Geraldine [F.] Thompson and Dr. Benjamin [D.] Brotemarkle about the Parramore district of Downtown Orlando, and Dr. Julian C. Chambliss and Fairolyn Livingston about Hannibal Square, the African-American side of Winter Park, Florida. Central Florida’s African-American community was once relatively prosperous, consisting of a thriving business district, populated by a mix of professionals and working-class families, and in many ways, quite self-sufficient. This podcast will examine some of the factors that led to the ultimate decline of these regions, the efforts that have gone into restoring them, and the overall effectiveness of those campaigns. Geraldine Thompson has been a representative in the Florida State Legislature since 2006. A former educator and administrator at Valencia Community College, she is also a founder of the Wells’ Built Museum of African American History and Culture. The Executive Director of the Florida Historical Society, Dr. Brotemarkle has written several books on Florida history and culture, including Crossing Division Street: An Oral History of the African American Community in Orlando and Beyond the Theme Parks: Exploring Central Florida. You might also recognize him as the producer and host of Florida Frontiers, the weekly radio magazine of the Florida Historical Society. Dr. Julian Chambliss is an associate professor of history at Rollins College, specializing in 19th and 20th century urban America, African-American history in Florida, race and ethnicity, American planning history, as well, as other topics related to the urban experience. Born in Hannibal Square, Fairolyn Livingston has spent most of her life in the community, and is now Manager of the Hannibal Square Heritage Center. I’d like to thank each of our guests for taking the time to speak with us. I asked Representative Thompson and Dr. Brotemarkle to tell us about the rise and fall of Orlando’s Parramore community. Thompson Parramore was founded in the 1800s, uh, when the city was just, uh, beginning to form, and it was the location where many African Americans lived initially. The city was separated, as was the case throughout the South, generally by the railroad tracks. You had the, uh, white community on one side and the African-American community on the other side. So, uh, Parramore is just west of the railroad tracks in Downtown Orlando, and the pioneers in the African-American community who made significant contributions to the City [of Orlando] and to Central Florida lived in Parramore. When the community went through integration at the end of, uh, “legally sanctioned apartheid” —is what I call it—uh, the idea was that, in order to get true integration, you had to close some of the major institutions in Parramore. So you saw the schools, uh, close. Many of the churches also moved out. Uh, the Parramore area had become saturated, and people needed other places to live, and so, uh, places like Washington Shores, the Richmond Heights area, uh, Carver Shores, were established and many people moved to those areas which were, at that time, considered the suburbs, and many of the professionals who lived in Parramore also moved, and so you left behind, uh, people who were, for the most part, renters, who did not own the properties where they lived. Uh, there was very little that was owner-occupied in Parramore—a lot of absentee landlords. So when you lost the major institutions like your schools, your churches, the professional individuals who had made it the economic and the social hub for African Americans in Central Florida, then an element, uh, of crime began to—to build, and, uh, there were a lot of problems, and quite frankly, a lot of the decision-makers, who were deciding what was going to happen and how Central Florida, uh, would grow, did not really consider Parramore worthy of much of an investment, and so that’s what led to a blighted area for a very long time. There have been a lot of very effective efforts to bring business back into the community. Uh, there is one charter school now in the community—the Nap Ford [Community] School. Other than Nap Ford, however, there are still no schools in Parramore. The students are bussed out to nine different, uh—different schools in—in the area. Uh, the businesses that have come into the area include, uh, the Bank of America. You now have the Federal Courthouse that is also built in the Parramore area, as well, as the Florida A[gricultural] & M[echnical] University College of Law. Uh, the Wells’ Built Museum, which is in the former Wells’ Built Hotel, um, is celebrating now 10 years—our 10th anniversary, and so we have been able to document, and to preserve, and to share a lot of the history of Parramore, which makes people much more aware that it is a significant co—uh, community, and as we revitalize and as we grow, it’s something worth saving. We are in the process of, uh, restoring the residence of the person who built the Wells’ Built. His name was William Monroe Wells, one of the early African-American physicians here. He came here in 1917, and in addition to a thriving medical practice, he had a social club, which was called the South Street Casino, and he brought, uh, big bands, [Edward] “Duke” [Kennedy] Ellington, [William] “Count” [James] Basie, Ella [Jane] Fitzgerald, to perform at the South Street Casino, which he owned, and after the entertainers, uh, finished performances, they didn’t have a place to stay. So that was his motivation for building a hotel, and, uh, so in addition to refurbishing the Wells’ Built and operating it as a museum of African-American history, we’re now in the process of refurbishing his home, which was located where the new Amway Center, uh, is, And that’s another business that has come into Parramore, which is Downtown Orlando, and so the home was moved rather than, uh, to have it demolished, and we will make it part of the museum complex, and we’ll operate a museum store in Dr. Wells’ residence. So his legacy is alive and well, on South Street. Brotemarkle Well, there are many factors that—that led to the demise of the hotel and casino. Uh, first of all, eh, as—as great and wonderful and necessary as the civil rights laws of the 1960s were, once African Americans could move anywhere they wanted to, uh—and this is not unique to the Parramore neighborhood. This happened to communities throughout the South, in particular, uh, but many of the community leaders—that[sic] helped keep the infrastructure of the community together—moved out of the neighborhood. So consequently, in many cases, uh, all that were—were left were the people who couldn’t afford to move anywhere else, and actually, in the case of the Parramore neighborhood, this had actually started a little bit before that in the 1950s. People had started migrating over to the Washington Shores neighborhood in Orlando, but the—the—the civil rights laws definitely contributed to the continued exodus, uh, from the Parramore neighborhood of many of the people, uh—the community leaders. Uh, also, the building of I[nterstate Highway]-4, uh, right through—right by the—the Parramore neighborhood kind of—into that neighborhood, uh, helped to break that up a little bit, as well. Uh, that was, uh, another factor. Uh, so as these—as the community leaders moved out of the neighborhood, the Parramore neighborhood itself entered, uh, a state of social and economic decline, and, uh, I—I think it is starting to, uh, pull out of it a little bit, and that was really part of the purpose of the Wells’ Built Museum of African American History and Culture—was to be an economic engine for the neighborhood, and hopefully, tap into this cultural and heritage tourism and bring people into the neighborhood for that reason. It is a fascinating era because, uh, again, between—with—with Division Street as the dividing line the—the Parramore neighborhood was really a thriving, self-sustained community, uh, parallel to the—to the white community in Orlando. Uh, here were institutions, Jones High School, uh, many of the churches, uh, that really created a strong fabric. Uh, uh, there was a, uh, uh, African-American chamber of commerce there in the Parramore neighborhood. There were black theatres. There were everything that the community needed right there. Uh, tailors, and—and businesses of all types were right there, and—and of course, the Wells’ Built Hotel and South Street Casino right in the middle of all this—this—this thriving African-American community. So it’s really an interesting, uh, look at history, and—and also, the unintended negative impact of those civil rights laws in the 1960s, again, as—as wonderful and as necessary as they were, they really did have this—this unintended negative impact when, uh, some of the community leaders moved out, and, again, the building of I-4, kinda right through the heart of the community, and, uh, the East-West Expressway too, meeting right there, uh, caused further problems, uh, but I—I think that the community is—is pulling out of that era of social and economic decline that it suffered in the late 20th century, and hopefully the Wells’ Built Museum of African American History and Culture is contributing to that. Cravero Dr. Chambliss and Mrs. Livingston describe some of the factors that enabled Hannibal Square and Winter Park to grow into thriving communities, and how this prosperity has affected the development and gentrification of the region. Chambliss Well, in that early period, um, Hannibal Square, was, I think, able to grow and be successful because, of the model of, uh, attracting residents, promoting, uh, Winter Park as a sort of like leisure, uh, vacation destination, uh, and this has really become at the core of the identity of Winter Park. If you think about Winter Park over time, it really was founded by [Loring] Chase and [Oliver E.] Chapman as a sort of destination location for people who wanted to sort of live a certain kind of sort of leisurely lifestyle. Well, into, uh, 20th century that—that has been maintained. If you look at the growth of Winter Park, uh, which grew rapidly after, uh—in the 1930s and 1940s and 1950s, like, and the people of Winter Park recognize. It’s part of the reason that it grew is because, like, they really sort of like saw the place as a kind of residential haven, and the fact—by the time you get to the 1950s, um, the city is known as the “City of Homes.” Um, and part of this is because they have like a large number of wealthy residents. Again, those wealthy residents have servants, and some of those servants are working in—in—are black people, uh, working in these white homes and then going back across the railroad tracks to Hannibal Square. So like, they have this steady work from all these rich people and that really does affect Hannibal Square. At the same time, there’s a number of architectural—James Gamble Rogers is a very well-known architect—really sort of crystallized the architectural identity of Winter Park, with a fresh revival—a Medi—a Mediterranean revival style. So when you look at the homes, there’s a lot of like talk about Winter Park and Park Avenue—really sort of like crystallizes that sort of European style, uh, café culture look, right? And that really starts in 1960, and they really sort of keep trying to promote that. The chamber of commerce does a great job of trying to promote that and maintains it really today. it’s one of the reasons that these places really talk about Winter Park. They tend to talk about it as a place where you just want to kind of like stroll, in sharp contrast to the rest of the sort of retail and vacation experience in the rest of Central Florida, and as a consequence, the growth of the east side of Winter Park has been phenomenal, and the value of land there has grown tremendously, and so much so that by the time you get to the late 1990s, uh, arguably, the east side of Winter Park is built out, alright? So you can’t cheaply acquire land on the east side of Winter Park. You can buy a lot and—and really, we’re talking—we’re talking about the high-end of the real estate bubble, and Winter Park was one of the places where values were extremely high, and so the east side, really, by—by every stretch of the imagination is really sort of built up in value, um, over the period of the town. The west side, which was the black side—which was sort of like off limits because it was—because of segregation—had lagged behind. It started out with the development of the town, as I—as I said, a sort of economic area where African-American property owners, and—and business owners, and African-American businesses were flourishing in Hannibal Square, but very quickly, with the end of—of official Jim Crow segregation, um, you see middle-class people moving out, and the median income and the median age on the west side of Winter Park really starts to—the income starts to go down. The age starts to go up, and services for the west side don’t keep. in fact, [inaudible] great stories about the fact that the roads, on the west side of Winter Park, weren’t really sort of kept up at the same level as the roads on the east side of Winter Park, And other kinds of infrastructure issues like that, and as a consequence, the value of homes and property on the west side lagged behind that was on the east side of Winter Park. So value of black property lagged behind value of white property, which is common. As a result of that, there’s a lot of push, um, to do something about the—the view—the view-scape and the housing stock on the west side, and if you go back and look at some of the language that people use in the city council meetings or in some of the things that people are saying when they—they’re pointing to houses that are boarded up, they’re talking about a spike in crime, and indeed, there is a real concern that Hannibal Square, which by this time, is no longer home of like businesses more like light retail and bars and things like that—convenience stores—that are really the haven for—in the minds of white residents, at least—crime and violence. Indeed, there is[sic] the police reports show large number of drug arrests or suspicious crime in the west side in 1980s and early 1990s, and it really sort of spurs on dialogue about what needs to be done to improve the housing stock to clean up Hannibal Square and basically correct this problem, and there are a variety of reasons for this. I mean, some of it was the crime, but also, if you look at the way that the town is laid out, if you’re coming in through[?] the main drag, coming in—off of, like, Orlando Avenue, one of the main sort of like entry points into the city of Winter Park is through, um, Morris [Avenue], and you basically go through the heart of the black community to do that, and if you go back to the 1990s, that looked radically different than it does now. If you look at it now it looks actually quite nice, ‘cause it’s been rezoned and it—there’s new buildings, uh—office buildings, mix-use stuff—but back then, it—there were homes there, and some of them were boarded up, and the City had routinely had issues or had programs in place where they were trying to address this question, of, like, the quality of housing stock on the west side. They had some housing rehabilitation programs that they created in the 1970s. They supported, of course, you know, the creation of the Winter Park Community Center in Hannibal Square, but really, you know, the economy changed, as I said, and the median age started to creep up. So you get a large number of elderly people who, eh, own property—been in their family for generations—but they couldn’t keep it up in a way that the City might want, and so—so this created an opportunity for developers to come into, um, the west side and champion sort of a new push to sort of rehabilitate the region, and this made sense from the City’s standpoint, because, like, depressed property is low—low tax property. so if you want to increase your tax base, you want to improve the—the value of the property there—but it also created, like, a high gentri—gentrifying push, because, remember, you can’t cheaply build anything on the east side of town. So for most developers, they’re really looking to do a big project. they kind of have to do it on the west side of town. They had to do it west of the railroad tracks. So in the late 1990s and the ear—early 2000s, the City of Winter Park creates a Community Redevelopment Agency—the CRA—and the sort of focal point of the CRA is the sort of box that is bordered by Park Avenue on the east, Webster Avenue on the north, and, like, [U.S. Route] 17-92, and then Fairbanks [Avenue]. So it’s a huge block, and basically it’s Park Avenue and Downtown Winter Park, and the black side of town. So that’s a huge swath of land, and it—it’s prime real estate that could be developed, but is also, primarily, the heart of the black community, and almost immediately, large numbers of residents in the black community recognized that the City’s efforts to improve the area of the CRA was going to push out the black community. Now, from the City’s standpoint, the City’s always maintained that its goal was to maintain the character of the black community or the character of Hannibal Square, but if you’re going to allow traditional market forces to be your primary vehicle to achieve this, then gentrifying effects are almost unavoidable. You can’t, as the city’s done—like the city’s done a, uh, sort of three-tier sort of approach. It’s provided loans for businesses to move into Hannibal Square. It totally redesigned, um, Shady Park, which is in the center of Hannibal Square, in response to some of the crime and complaints of some of the businesses that were being enticed into the—into the area, because of the CRA. So the old part was—had a lot of benches and—and shading covers, and—and older people would hang out there and talk, and the new park sort of took all that away, and is much more aesthetically pleasing, but is also a place where you can’t really linger, which made a lot of sense, in terms of trying to address some of these questions about crime and—and—and disruption associated with that area—um, but they also worked very diligently to eliminate some of the bars, some of the focal points of crime, and that was successful. They moved in new businesses so that Dexter’s on Winter Park, uh—Dexter’s a fairly well-known restaurant chain in the area—where it became like really an anchor and they created a parking lot for it, and then a number of other businesses—light retail, service-oriented, and restaurant businesses—moved in, and of course there was a train—a change in the infrastructure or the sort of decorative infrastructure of the street. So like you had the decorative brick put in, and, like, new lightening-like fixtures—so basically, extending the feel and look of Park Avenue, down New England [Avenue] into, uh, the heart of the community, which was Hannibal Square. Of course, African Americans felt and, I think, some of them continue to feel that that process is deliberately pushing them out, and they have a point, because once all that—all that was in place, one of the things that started happening is that the—the tax assessment for the area started to change. People had previously—been sort of locked at a tax assessment of like, you know, a very low number. Everything gets reassessed when a large number of businesses start moving in. So these are older people. Remember, the demographics of the area are that the older people are staying and younger people are moving out. So the old people tend to be on fixed incomes, and pensions, living off their retirement savings. So a big hit, in terms of—“I used to pay $500 in taxes. Now, I’m paying a thousand.” It’s a huge deal, and because the property on the west side, as I said, had not kept up with property on the east side, there was a new assessment on all the value of the property. So people were being offered you know, two, three, four times what they bought the property for originally—and to move out—and some of them were, and this is one of the things that really sort of like characterized the region. So, um, at the height of the real estate bubble, there was tremendous gentrifying pressure on Hannibal Square, and lots of developers were active in the area, and probably the most famous ones was Dan Bellows, who’s usually associated with the transformation of Hannibal Square. he has a number of big projects, and, you know, sort of mixed-use with retail on the bottom and residential on the top, and that really sort of, like, changed the nature of the community, and Bellows is often painted as a boogeyman, and there are a number of stories associated with him, but he’s sort of emblematic of a kind of push to create new construction in the area, in part because that’s the place where you can with relatively minimal investment do something big, and that has been the sort of overriding problem for the west side for many years. There has been, for well over a decade—I mean, since the late 1990s, I think, there’s been a sort of push to—“There’s going to be the in here. I want to improve the west side. I want to bring more businesses here,” and as a result, uh, longtime residents have, um, sort of been displaced. There are new businesses there, but they don’t really cater to the residents, or nor do they really employ the residents, which is also really problematic. I mean, you don’t really see west side residents going to eat at Dexter’s. So from a sort of symbolic standpoint, African Americans feel that they’re being pushed down, and from an economic standpoint, there are push and pull factors that are hastening the exit of African Americans in the area. Livingston Leading up to, uh, the Civil Rights Movement and even probably as early as 19—late 1940s, after the, uh—World War II, the job market begin[sic] to change a bit. More opportunities will open up for, uh—for Afro-Americans. Many Afro –Americans, uh, went away—military, school, whatever the case may be—and didn’t come back, because they felt there was nothing here for them, outside of service to somebody else. They wanted to have real careers and—and—and do big things in the world, and as a result of that, the community began to age, if you will, and certainly after the Civil Rights Movement and—and moving forward, many more of our young people are moving away, because they feel that they don’t have access or they can’t make it in this area in—in—in Winter Park, you know? It’s been a painful process for them. Generally, uh, when you’re talking gentrification, between the original people who were in a place, and the wealthier people who come into the place, there’s usually a group—a group in between, but for us, we went—we went—we went right from, um, families being displaced to a business area that really doesn’t have any services that local people find of service to themselves. So gentrification’s been a hurtful process, because when people come in to redevelop, they don’t come in to redevelop for the people who are there. They don’t get input from the people in the community, because that’s not what’s gonna drive the dollar, you know? Nobody’s gonna come in and put in affordable housing or affordable rental units outside of a group such as Habitat for Humanity, who’s doing a great job, and the Hannibal Square Community Land Trust. Uh, people felt that they were just pushed aside, and the most painful thing was the picture that was painted of the neighborhood. That’s what they did. They just [inaudible] and made it like a noose, and put it around the necks of the people in this neighborhood, and pulled the chair. See, some people have been injured over and over and over again. They were injured during slavery. Then, after Reconstruction, they were injured again, and then, Jim Crow came along, and they were injured. So they’ve been injured over and over, and when you keep injuring people, and they[?] don’t get a chance to heal, it—it can really do something to—to them. You know, even though on the outside, they look cold, and they’re moving forward, and they’re doing things, there’s still a pain in their souls that is just almost undescribable[sic]. Cravero I’d like to thank our guests, Representative Thompson, Dr. Brotemarkle, Dr. Chambliss, and Mrs. Livingston for joining our discussion. I’m Geoffrey Cravero. Thank you for listening. Lester Thank you for listening to the RICHES documentary podcast. Feel free to contact us with any questions or comments on the program that you just heard. Please join us for the next episode, “[Episode 5:] A History of Gay Days.” [radio static] African American African-American community African-American neighborhood Amway Center apartheid Bank of America Basie, William James "Count" Bellows, Dan Beyond the Theme Parks: Exploring Central Florida Brotemarkle, Benjamin D. Carver Shores casino Chambliss, Julian C. Chapman, Oliver E. Chase, Loring civil rights Civil Rights Movement Community Redevelopment Agency CRA Cravero, Geoffrey crime Crossing Division Street: An Oral History of the African-American Community in Orlando desegregation Dexter's displacement doctor documentary Downtown Orlando East Winter Park elderly Ellington, Edward Kennedy "Duke" ethnicity Faribanks Avenue federal courthouse FHS Fitzgerald, Ella James Florida A&M University Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University Florida Frontiers Florida Historical Society Florida House of Representatives Florida Legislature gentrification Habitat for Humanity Hannibal Square Hannibal Square Community Land Trust heritage historic preservation historic restoration HOTEL I-4 integration Interstate Highway 4 Jones High School legislature Lester, Connie L. Livingston, Fairolyn Mediterranean revival architecture Morris Avenue museum Nap Ford Community School orlando Orlando Avenue park Park Avenue Parramore physician podcast preservation property value race race relations real estate real estate bubble real estate development real estate industry real estate value revitalization RICHES Podcast Documentaries Richmond Heights Rogers, James Gamble Rollins College school segregation Shady Park South Street Casino taxes Thompson, Gerladine F. tourist U.S. 17-92 U.S. Route 17-92 urban development urban renewal Valencia Community College VCC Washington Shores Webster Avenue Wells, William Monroe Wells' Built Hotel Wells' Built Museum of African American History and Culture West Winter Park Winter Park Winter Park Community Center World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/67e36d1cbaa0493ccc143364e8eb22b9.mp3 1ef98c426e16ef99f509881381e1ad0e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 13 minutes Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 11: Harry T. Moore: An Interview with Dr. Jim Clark Alternative Title Harry T. Moore Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Moore, Harry T., 1905-1951 Civil rights--Florida Ku Klux Klan (1915- )--Florida Civil rights activists Bombings--United States Description Episode 11 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Harry T. Moore: An Interview with Dr. Jim Clark. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 11 focuses on Dr. Jim Clark's contribution to revitalizing the Moores legacy during the 1980s and early 1990s. During his time at The Orlando Sentinel, Dr. Clark began publishing articles on the Moores and their untimely deaths. Those publications resulted in a resurgence of interest in the Moores and local initiatives to preserve their legacy. Harry Tyson Moore was a pioneer of the Civil Rights Movement in Florida and founder of the first Brevard County branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). He and his wife, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, were assassinated with a Ku Klux Klan bomb on December 25, 1951. The Moores are the first NAACP members to be murdered for their activism and Harry T. Moore is sometimes called the first martyr of the 1950s-era civil rights movement. Abstract This podcast focuses on Dr. Jim Clark’s contribution to revitalizing the Moore’s legacy during the 1980s and early 1990s. During his time at the Orlando Sentinel, Dr. Clark began publishing articles on the Moores and their untimely deaths. Those publications resulted in a resurgence of interest in the Moores and local initiatives to preserve their legacy. This episode highlights Dr. Clark’s discovery of the Moores’ story and the popularization of a forgotten civil rights pioneer. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 13-minute podcast, July 27, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 11: Harry T. Moore: An Interview with Dr. Jim Clark." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Mims, Florida Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Clark, Jim Date Created ca. 2011-07-27 Format audio/mp3 Extent 12 MB Medium 13-minute podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2463" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 11: Harry T. Moore: An Interview with Dr. Jim Clark</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2463. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 35: Harry T. Moore, Part 1</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 36: Harry T. Moore, Part 2</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489. Clark, James C. 1994. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544019776" target="_blank">Civil Rights Leader Harry T. Moore and the Ku Klux Klan in Florida</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly. 73, no. 2: 166-183. Green, Ben. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40403600" target="_blank">Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr</a>. New York, NY: Free Press, 1999. "<a href="http://www.nbbd.com/godo/moore/" target="_blank">Harry T. Moore Homesite</a>." Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Memorial Park. http://www.nbbd.com/godo/moore/. "<a href="http://www.pbs.org/harrymoore/harry/mbio.html" target="_blank">The Legacy of Harry T. Moore</a>." PBS. http://www.pbs.org/harrymoore/harry/mbio.html. Newton, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47136480" target="_blank">The Invisible Empire: The Ku Klux Klan in Florida</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. "<a href="http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/" target="_blank">Who Were Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore?</a>" Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc. http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/. Winsboro, Irvin D. S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/797855859" target="_blank">Old South, New South, or Down South? Florida and the Modern Civil Rights Movement</a>. Morgantown, W. Va: West Virginia University Press, 2009. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10561071. Date Copyrighted 2011-07-27 Date Issued 2011-07-27 Apopka Apopka KKK Apopka Ku Klux Klan assassination baseball bomb Brevard County Brevard County NAACP Brevard County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Brooklyn, Earl J. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka citrus citrus industry civil rights civil rights activist Civil Rights Leader Harry T. Moore and the Ku Klux Klan in Florida Civil Rights Movement Clark, Jim desegregation documentary FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation Florida State Attorney hate group historic preservation integration investigative journalism journalism journalist King, Martin Luther, Jr. KKK klansman Ku Klux Klan labor laborer Lake County McCall, Willis V. Moore, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, Harry Tyson murder NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People newspaper newspaper editor newspaper publisher open records law orange county Orange County Sheriff Orange County Sheriff's Office orlando Orlando Magazine podcast Powell, Angelea preservation public records law RICHES Podcast Documentaries Robinson, Jack "Jackie" Roosevelt Sacher, John Sanford segregation sheriff Simms, Harriette Vyda Star, Dave The Orlando Sentinel tourism tourist UCF UF University of Central Florida University of Florida Winter Park Magazine Wolfinger, Norman "Norm" Robert https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ad5fc574c9c9f62241925445bc3519e7.mp3 e319442ed090aa0e295f0fcb930a4092 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 17 minutes and 52 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 19: The Home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Alternative Title Home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955 Bethune-Cookman College (Daytona Beach, Fla.) Daytona Beach (Fla.) Historic houses, etc. Description Episode 19 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: The Home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 19 focuses on the home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune. In this podcast, director of the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Margaret Symonette, discusses the history of the historic home. Bethune was an African-American teacher and civil rights leader best known for establishing the Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School in October 1904. In 1923, the school merged with the Cookman Institute of Jacksonville and then became affiliated with the Methodist Church the following year. The school served as a co-educational high school until 1931, when it became a junior college. In 1941, the school was accredited as a four-year college and was renamed Bethune-Cookman College. Abstract In this podcast we take a walk through the home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune. Few have walked down the hallways in which ideas were formed. Margaret Symonet[sic] takes us through a history of the home which housed one of Central Florida’s most well known women. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 17-minute and 52-second podcast by Patrick Anderson, December 1, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 19: The Home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune, Daytona Beach, Florida Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School, Daytona Beach, Florida Bethune-Cookman College, Daytona Beach, Florida Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida Creator Anderson, Patrick Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Long, Nancy Symonette, Margaret Date Created ca. 2011-12-01 Format audio/mp3 Extent 16.4 MB Medium 17-minute and 52-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Patrick Anderson and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2471" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 19: The Home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2471. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2493" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 40: Bethune Cookman University Founding</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2493. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2500" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 47: Integration and Sports at Bethune Cookman University</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2500. "<a href="http://www.gcah.org/site/pp.aspx?c=ghKJI0PHIoE&b=3522559" target="_blank">Bethune-Cookman College and Foundation Daytona Beach, Florida: Heritage Landmark of The United Methodist Church</a>." General Commission on Archives & History, United Methodist Church. http://www.gcah.org/site/pp.aspx?c=ghKJI0PHIoE&b=3522559. Hanson, Joyce Ann. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51060235" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune & Black Women's Political Activism</a>. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003. "<a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">History</a>." Bethune-Cookman University. http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html. Long, Nancy Ann Zrinyi. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57363897" target="_blank">The Life and Legacy of Mary McLeod Bethune</a>. Cocoa, Fla: Florida Historical Society Press, 2004. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/ad5fc574c9c9f62241925445bc3519e7.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 19: The Home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune</a> Date Copyrighted 2011-12-01 Date Issued 2011-12-01 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. African American African American school Anderson, Patrick Bethune-Cookman College Bethune-Cookman University Bethune, Mary Jane McLeod civil rights civil rights activist college Cookman Institute Daytona Beach Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School documentary Dodson, Roger educator Florida A&M University Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University Gamble, James Grant HBCU historic house historic preservation historic renovation historically black colleges and universities house Hurston, Zora Neale Jacksonville Lindsay, Anne Long, Nancy Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation middle class museum podcast preservation Procter & Gamble Company Reddrick renovation RICHES Podcast Documentaries school State of Florida Symonette, Margaret teacher The Life and Legacy of Mary McLeod Bethune UCF university University of Central Florida Volusia County White Sewing Machine Company White, Thomas H. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Original Format 1 video podcast Duration 21 minutes and 44 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 101 kbps Producer Cassanello, Robert Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 20: Women of Many Hats: The Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie, Florida Alternative Title Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Eau Gallie (Fla.) Businesswomen--Florida Women--Florida Historic houses, etc. Melbourne (Fla.) Description Episode 20 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Women of Many Hats: The Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie, Florida. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 20 explores the lives of the Rossetter sisters, who were businessowners in Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida. The Rossetter family migrated to Eau Gallie in 1902 and had their home built at 1320 Highland Avenue in 1904, which now serves as a historic house operated by the Florida Historical Society. After the death of her father in 1921, Carrie P. Rossetter took responsibility for supporting the family by taking over her father's Standard Oil distribution business. Her sister, Ella F. Rossetter, was also a successful businessowner. After they retired in the 1980s, the Rossetter sisters focused their energy on the preservation of their family home. Abstract This podcast explores the lives of two sisters who had remarkable careers as business owners in Eau Gallie, Florida. Today, their legacy lives on in their historic home, built in 1904 and now managed by the Florida Historical Society. Type Moving Images Source Original 21-minute and 44-second podcast by Heather Bollinger, December 15, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 20: Women of Many Hats: The Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie, Florida." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens, Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida James Wadsworth Rossetter House, Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Creator Bollinger, Heather Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Lester, Connie L. Ferguson, Stuart Burghart, Jillian Wynne, Nick Date Created ca. 2011-12-15 Format video/mp4 Extent 45.5 MB Medium 21-minute and 44-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Heather Bollinger and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> External Reference "<a href="http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/history">A Museum is Born...</a>" Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens. http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/history. "<a href="http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/node/494" target="_blank">Caroline P. Rossetter</a>." Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens. http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/node/494. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2472" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 20: Women of Many Hats: The Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie, Florida</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2472. Raley, Karen, and Ann Raley Flotte. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49963390" target="_blank">Melbourne and Eau Gallie</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2002. "<a href="http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/history/rossetter" target="_blank">Rossetter History</a>." Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens. http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/history/rossetter. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/pKfh5NdlqaE" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 20: Women of Many Hats: The Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie, Florida</a> Date Copyrighted 2011-12-15 Date Issued 2011-12-15 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a>. Application software, such as <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a>. Ascension Catholic Church Aspinwall, John Bight of Canaveral Bollinger, Heather Brevard County Historical Commission Brevard County Tourist Development Council Burghart, Jillian Catholic Catholic Church Catholicisim church civil rights club Detroit Publishing Company documentary Eau Gallie Eau Gallie River Eau Gallie Yacht Club energy energy industry Ferguson, Stuart FHS FIT Florida Department of State Florida Historical Society Florida Institute of Technology garden Hamilton County Highland Avenue historic house Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens Indian River & Lake Worth Fish Company James Wasdsworth Rosseter House Lester, Connie L. Library of Congress Lindsay, Anne McCormick McCormick, Stanley Melbourne Minorcan monument museum National Federation of Business and Women's Clubs oil oil industry parks Parks, Charles philanthropist philanthropy podcast Port Canaveral RICHES Podcast Documentaries Rosseter, James Wadsworth Rossetter Sisters Rossetter, Carrie P. Rossetter, Ella F. Rossetter, Ella Rogero St. Augustine Standard Oil Distribution State Library and Archives of Florida suffrage Turnbull, Andrew voting voting rights women Women's Club women's suffrage Wynne, Nick https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b9a3f673538a713f082fe6eeed43c18f.mp3 3e6ac013ddf8ffbb5eca42d14ecb0c1c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 8 minutes and 39 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, RICHES Podcast Update Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Update Subject Podcasts Documentaries Ocoee (Fla.) Parades--United States Martin Luther King, Jr., Day Description Update of RICHES Podcast Documentaries' Episode 2: The Legacy of the Ocoee Riot. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. This update for Episode 2 centers on Ocoee's Martin Luther King, Jr. Day Parade in January 2012. In this podcast, Dr. Robert Cassanello interviews parade organizer Mill Maxwell, city mayor Scott Vandergrift, and Beth Vandergrift, who edited Nancy Maguire's book on the history of Ocoee, Florida. Abstract This podcast is a followup to Episode 2: The Legacy of the Ocoee Riot. It includes interviews from Ocoee's 2012 Martin Luther King Day Parade. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 8-minute and 39-second podcast by Robert Cassanello, March 20, 2012: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, RICHES Podcast Update." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Ocoee, Florida Creator Cassanello, Robert A. Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Maxwell, Mill Vandergrift, Scott Vandergrift, Beth Date Created ca. 2012-03-13 Format audio/mp3 Extent 13.4 MB Medium 8-minute and 39-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Robert Cassanello and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference Jones, Maxine Deloris, and Kevin McCarthy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28423312" target="_blank">African Americans in Florida.</a> Sarasota, Fla: Pineapple Press, 1993. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2479" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, RICHES Podcast Update</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2479. "<a href="http://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/Browse/ucf.edu.2577623765.02577623773.6741845303?i=2072598649" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 2: The Legacy of the Ocoee Riot</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/Browse/ucf.edu.2577623765.02577623773.6741845303?i=2072598649. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/b9a3f673538a713f082fe6eeed43c18f.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, RICHES Podcast Update</a> Date Copyrighted 2012-03-13 Date Issued 2012-03-13 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. References "<a href="http://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/Browse/ucf.edu.2577623765.02577623773.6741845303?i=2072598649" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 2: The Legacy of the Ocoee Riot</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/Browse/ucf.edu.2577623765.02577623773.6741845303?i=2072598649. A History of Ocoee and Its Pioneers African American Betty J's Florist Bill Maxwell city hall civil rights documentary historical commission holiday Human Relations Diversity Board I Have a Dream Lillian Elizabeth Maguire Maguire, Nancy Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day Martin Luther King, Jr. Day Parade mayor Mayor of Ocoee Ocoee Ocoee City Hall parade podcast RICHES Podcast Documentaries Robert Cassanello Sam Scott Vandergrift Vandergrift, Beth William "Bill" Maxwell https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e30dced815e9d6384d136932631bf3d0.mp3 9875ce965178f8156d5f43a2b3358ce7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 15 minutes and 30 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 35: Harry T. Moore, Part 1 Alternative Title Harry T. Moore Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Moore, Harry T., 1905-1951 Civil rights--Florida Ku Klux Klan (1915- )--Florida Civil rights activists Bombings--United States Description Episode 35, Part 1 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Harry T. Moore. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 35 focuses on the background of Harry Tyson Moore and his wife Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, how Moore became a major civil rights leader, the movement for equality that he led in Central Florida, and the historical framework for the racism and social tensions that plagued Florida during the 1940s and 1950s. Harry Tyson Moore was a pioneer of the Civil Rights Movement in Florida and founder of the first Brevard County branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). He and his wife were assassinated by a Ku Klux Klan bomb on December 25, 1951. The Moores are the first NAACP members to be murdered for their activism and Harry T. Moore is sometimes called the first martyr of the 1950s-era civil rights movement. Abstract In this podcast, Dr. Jim Clark and author Ben Green give a detailed background of Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore. This podcast gives audiences a better understanding of who Harry T. Moore was and how he became a major civil rights leader, and the movement for equality that he led in Central Florida. Both contributors give their expertise on Moore and a historical framework for the racism and social tensions that plagued Florida during the 1940s and 50s. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 15-minute and 30-second podcast, July 30, 2012: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 35: Harry T. Moore, Part 1." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore House, Mims, Florida Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Clark, Jim Green, Ben Date Created ca. 2012-07-30 Format audio/mp3 Extent 14.4 MB Medium 15-minute and 30-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 35: Harry T. Moore, Part 1</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 36: Harry T. Moore, Part 2</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2463" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 11: Harry T. Moore: An Interview with Dr. Jim Clark</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2463. Green, Ben. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40403600" target="_blank">Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr</a>. New York, NY: Free Press, 1999. "<a href="http://www.pbs.org/harrymoore/harry/mbio.html" target="_blank">The Legacy of Harry T. Moore</a>." PBS. http://www.pbs.org/harrymoore/harry/mbio.html. Newton, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47136480" target="_blank">The Invisible Empire: The Ku Klux Klan in Florida</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. "<a href="http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/" target="_blank">Who Were Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore?</a>" Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc. http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/. Winsboro, Irvin D. S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/797855859" target="_blank">Old South, New South, or Down South? Florida and the Modern Civil Rights Movement</a>. Morgantown, W. Va: West Virginia University Press, 2009. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10561071. Date Copyrighted 2012-07-30 Date Issued 2012-07-30 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Has Part "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 36: Harry T. Moore, Part 2</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489. African American Apopka Apopka KKK Apopka Ku Klux Klan assassination bomb Brevard County Brevard County NAACP Brevard County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka citrus citrus industry civil rights civil rights activist Civil Rights Movement Clark, James C. Clark, Jim C. court court case Democrat Democratic Party documentary educator efore His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr El-Shabazz, El-Hajj Malik FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation Florida State Attorney Green, Ben Jacksonville King, Martin Luther, Jr. KKK Ku Klux Klan Lake County Library of Congress Little, Malcolm Live Oak LOC lynching martyr McCall, Willis Virgil Moore, Angela Moore, Evangeline Moore, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, Harry Tyson murder NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People orange orange county Orange County Sheriff's Office orange industry podcast principal racism RICHES Podcast Documentaries Simms, Harriette Vyda Suwannee County teacher terrorism terrorist The Orlando Sentinel tourism voter registration voting X, Malcolm https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c03ca76cd3795044e808735320bcbee6.mp3 f4165c50473ef8bb38ea4bd5042e4259 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 17 minutes and 39 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 36: Harry T. Moore, Part 2 Alternative Title Harry T. Moore Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Moore, Harry T., 1905-1951 Civil rights--Florida Civil rights activists Museums--Florida Description Episode 36, Part 2 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Harry T. Moore. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 36 focuses on the preservation efforts of the late 1990s and early 2000s, as well as the establishment of the Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex. Harry Tyson Moore was a pioneer of the Civil Rights Movement in Florida and founder of the first Brevard County branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). He and his wife, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, were assassinated by a Ku Klux Klan bomb on December 25, 1951. The Moores are the first NAACP members to be murdered for their activism and Harry T. Moore is sometimes called the first martyr of the 1950s-era civil rights movement. Abstract This podcast highlights the major preservation efforts that were initiated during the late 1990s and early 2000s. Along with other experts, representatives from the Moore Complex lend audiences a better understanding of the local preservation initiatives in Central Florida to preserve and commemorate the life and legacy of Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 17-minute and 39-second podcast, July 30, 2012: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 36: Harry T. Moore, Part 2." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore House, Mims, Florida Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Mims, Florida Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Clark, Jim Green, Ben Barton, Juanita Gary, Bill Dickson, Oscar Barnes, Althemese Date Created ca. 2012-07-30 Format audio/mp3 Extent 16 MB Medium 17-minute and 39-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 36: Harry T. Moore, Part 2</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 35: Harry T. Moore, Part 1</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2463" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 11: Harry T. Moore: An Interview with Dr. Jim Clark</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2463. Green, Ben. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40403600" target="_blank">Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr</a>. New York, NY: Free Press, 1999. "<a href="http://www.pbs.org/harrymoore/harry/mbio.html" target="_blank">The Legacy of Harry T. Moore</a>." PBS. http://www.pbs.org/harrymoore/harry/mbio.html. Newton, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47136480" target="_blank">The Invisible Empire: The Ku Klux Klan in Florida</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. "<a href="http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/" target="_blank">Who Were Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore?</a>" Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc. http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/. Winsboro, Irvin D. S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/797855859" target="_blank">Old South, New South, or Down South? Florida and the Modern Civil Rights Movement</a>. Morgantown, W. Va: West Virginia University Press, 2009. http://site.ebrary.com/id/10561071. Date Copyrighted 2012-07-30 Date Issued 2012-07-30 Has Part "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 35: Harry T. Moore, Part 1</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank">QuickTime</a>. African American assassination Barnes, Althemese Barton, Juanita Beiler, Rosalind J. block voting bomb Brevard County Brevard County NAACP Brevard County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People citrus citrus industry civil rights civil rights activist Civil Rights Movement Clark, Jim Dickson, Oscar documentary educator equal pay Evers, Medgar Wiley FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation Florida African-American Heritage Preservation Network Florida State Attorney's Office Gary, Bill Green, Ben Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex historic preservation homesite development committee Jacksonville John Gilmore Riley Research Center King, Martin Luther, Jr. KKK Ku Klux Klan labor Lake County law enforcement lynching martyr McCall, Willis Virgil Moore Cultural Complex, Inc. Moore Festival Moore, Angela Moore, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, Harry Tyson murder museum NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People open records law orange orange county orange industry orlando park podcast police police brutality Poole, T. H. preservation principal public history public record race relations racism RICHES Podcast Documentaries Sanford segregation Simms, Harriette Vyda teacher terrorism terrorist The Orlando Sentinel UCF University of Central Florida voter registration voting voting rights wages white supremacy Wolfinger, Norm Wolfinger, Norman "Norm" Robert https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7a9bb2190e6e752986e48961eb8d94d1.mp3 977524754af52b0775aac7cc753b198f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 18 minutes and 1 second Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 38: The Wells Built Hotel Alternative Title Wells Built Hotel Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Physicians--Florida Segregation--Florida Casinos--United States Hotels--Florida Orlando (Fla.) Description Episode 38 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: The Wells Built Hotel. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 38 focuses on the Wells' Built Hotel, which was constructed at 511 West South Street in Orlando, Florida in 1921. The hotel was constructed by one of Orlando's first African-American physicians, Dr. William Monroe Wells, to accommodate African-Americans who could not otherwise find welcome lodging due to segregation. Dr. Wells also built the South Street Casino, which was host to a various African-American performers traveling along the Chitlin' Circuit. In 1997, the building was acquired by the Association to Preserve African American Society, History and Tradition, Inc., which sought to restore and preserve the structure. Although the casino no longer remains, the original Wells' Built Hotel was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on February 4, 2000. In June 2009, the hotel reopened as the Wells' Built Museum of African American History and Culture. Abstract Amidst a racially segregated Central Florida, one of Orlando’s first black physicians, Dr. William Monroe Wells, constructed a hotel to accommodate African-Americans who could not otherwise find welcome lodging. Next door, he built the South St. Casino, which in its prime was host a thrilling list of visiting performers from the famous “Chitlin’ Circuit,” as well as other prominent African-Americans. In this podcast, Dr. Benjamin D. Brotemarkle talks about the rise, fall, and restoration of this historic landmark. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 18-minute and 1-second podcast by Geoffrey Cravero, September 14, 2012: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 38: The Wells Built Hotel." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Wells Built Hotel, Parramore, Orlando, Florida Wells' Built Museum of African American History and Culture, Parramore, Orlando, Florida Creator Cravero, Geoffrey Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Brotemarkle, Benjamin D. Date Created ca. 2012-09-14 Format audio/mp3 Extent 16.5 MB Medium 18-minute and 1-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Geoffrey Cravero and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2491" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 38: The Wells Built Hotel</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2491. Brotemarkle, Benjamin D. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62523287" target="_blank">Crossing Division Street: An Oral History of the African-American Community in Orlando</a>. Cocoa, FL: Florida Historical Society Press, 2005. Brotemarkle, Benjamin D., and Ulen Hodges. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/50728485" target="_blank">The Well's Built Hotel A New Guest Checks In</a>. Orlando: Community Communications, 1999. Parcher, Susanne. "<a href="http://www.blackrefer.com/br-history3.html" target="_blank">Hello From Orlando: An Orlando Jewel, The Wells Built Museum Of African American History And Culture</a>." Blackrefer. http://www.blackrefer.com/br-history3.html. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2491" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 38: The Wells Built Hotel</a> Date Copyrighted 2012-09-14 Date Issued 2012-09-14 African American African-American Heritage Trail Association to Preserve African American Society, History and Tradition, Inc. Bethune, Mary Jane McLeod Beyond the Theme Parks: Exploring Central Florida Brevard County Brotemarkle, Benjamin D. Caldwell, Erkskine Preston Calloway, Cab Calloway, Cabell "Cab" Campanella, Roy casino Charles, Ray Chitlin' Circuit civil rights Coleman, Bessie Coleman, Elizabeth "Bessie" community center Cravero, Geoffrey Crossing Division Street: An Oral History of the African-American Community in Orlando cultural heritage tourism dance Daytona Beach doctor documentary Earhart, Amelia Mary Eatonville entertainer FHS Florida Frontiers Florida Historical Society Groveland Groveland 4 Groveland Boys Trial Groveland Four historic preservation historic restoration historic site HOTEL Hurston, Zora Neale King, B.B. King, Riley B. Larson, Peter L. Marshall, Thurgood Moore, Harry Tyson museum musician National Register of Historic Places orlando Parramore PAST Perkins, Paul C. physician podcast preservation restoration RICHES Podcast Documentaries Robinson, Jack "Jackie" Roosevelt Robinson, Jackie Robison, Ray Charles segregation South Street South Street Casino The Wells' Built Hotel: A New Guest Checks In Thompson, Gerladine F. tourism tourist attraction Trust for Public Land voter registration voter registration movement voting voting rights Wells, William Monroe Wells' Built Museum of African American History and Culture WMFE https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/016067d49df3e3429e2b8b032d60fd87.mp3 c0e681ac5f49f90018cfd014c545b741 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 16 minutse and 48 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 192kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 40: Bethune Cookman University Founding Alternative Title Bethune Cookman University Founding Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Bethune-Cookman College (Daytona Beach, Fla.) Daytona Beach (Fla.) Universities and colleges--Florida Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955 Description Episode 40 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Bethune Cookman University Founding. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 40 features an interview with Dr. Sheila Flemming Hunter about the history of Bethune-Cookman University, formerly Bethune-Cookman College, located at 640 Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. The Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School was established by African-American educator and civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune in October of 1904. In 1923, the school merged with the Cookman Institute of Jacksonville and then became affiliated with the Methodist Church the following year. The school served as a co-educational high school until 1931, when it became a junior college. In 1941, the school was accredited as a four-year college and was renamed Bethune-Cookman College. Abstract Although many know who Bethune Cookman University is named after, few know the details of its inception and conception. This podcast looks at the ideas that formed this historic university. Dr. Sheila Flemming Hunter provides with an enlightening interview about the founding of this important institution. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 16-minute and 48-second podcast, October 12, 2012: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 40: Bethune Cookman University Founding." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School, Daytona Beach, Florida Bethune-Cookman College, Daytona Beach, Florida Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Hunter, Sheila Flemming Date Created ca. 2012-10-12 Format audio/mp3 Extent 23.1 MB Medium 16-minute and 48-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2493" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 40: Bethune Cookman University Founding</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2493. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2471" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 19: The Home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2471. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2500" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 47: Integration and Sports at Bethune Cookman University</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2500. Flemming, Sheila Y. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32468984" target="_blank">Bethune-Cookman College, 1904-1994: The Answered Prayer to a Dream</a>. Virginia Beach, VA: Donning Co, 1995. "<a href="http://www.gcah.org/site/pp.aspx?c=ghKJI0PHIoE&b=3522559" target="_blank">Bethune-Cookman College and Foundation Daytona Beach, Florida: Heritage Landmark of The United Methodist Church</a>." General Commission on Archives & History, United Methodist Church. http://www.gcah.org/site/pp.aspx?c=ghKJI0PHIoE&b=3522559. Hanson, Joyce Ann. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51060235" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune & Black Women's Political Activism</a>. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003. "<a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">History</a>." Bethune-Cookman University. http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html. Long, Nancy Ann Zrinyi. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57363897" target="_blank">The Life and Legacy of Mary McLeod Bethune</a>. Cocoa, Fla: Florida Historical Society Press, 2004. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/016067d49df3e3429e2b8b032d60fd87.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 40: Bethune Cookman University Founding</a> Date Copyrighted 2012-10-12 Date Issued 2012-10-12 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. African American Bethune-Cookman College Bethune-Cookman College, 1904-1994: The Answered Prayer to a Dream Bethune-Cookman University Bethune, Albertus Bethune, Mary Jane McLeod Christian Christianity church civil rights civil rights activist co-educational college Colored Women's Association Cookman Institute of Jacksonville Daytona Beach Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School Daytona Normal and Industrial School for Negro Girls documentary education educator Florida A&M College Florida A&M University Florida Agricultural and Mechanical College Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University fundraising Gamble, James Gray, Willam H. III HBCU high school historically black colleges and universities Hunter, Sheila Flemming Jim Crow South junior college KKK Ku Klux Klan Laney, Lucy Craft literacy Mayseville, South Carolina Methodism Methodist Methodist church mission school National Council of Negro Women podcast Presbyterian Presbyterian church Presbyterianism private school Procter & Gamble Company public school religion religious education RICHES Podcast Documentaries school separation of church and state teacher Tuskegee Institute Tuskegee University university voter registration voter registration movement voting Washington, Booker Taliaferro White Sewing Machine Company white supremacy White, Thomas H. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/68c2275f3274502a904d6aeeed777bf5.mp3 d0296e36c6d1905f59508fa7eb7cd8f2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 19 minutes and 49 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 192kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 44: The Construction of Inequality: Politics and Influence on I-4 Alternative Title Politics and Influence on I-4 Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Orlando (Fla.) Interstate highways Winter Park (Fla.) Urban development Description Episode 44 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: The Construction of Inequality: Politics and Influence on I-4. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 44 examines the controversy over the construction of Interstate Highway 4 through and around Orlando and the unequal amount of influence exerted on the building of the road by different interest groups and parties involved. I-4 was one of the first Interstate Highways constructed in Florida, with its first section opening between Plant City and Lakeland in 1959. By 1962, the segment of I-4 connecting Tampa and Orlando was completed and the entire highway was completed by the late 1960s. Abstract This podcast examines the controversy over the construction of Interstate 4 through and around Orlando and the unequal amount of influence exerted on the building of the road by different interest groups and parties involved. The Orlando business district, the Parramore community, and the city of Winter Park each have a part in this story. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 19-minute and 49-second podcast by Mark Hermanstorfer, December 19, 2012: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 44: The Construction of Inequality: Politics and Influence on I-4." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Orlando, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Winter Park, Florida Creator Hermanstorfer, Mark Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Chambliss, Julian C. Clark, James "Jim" C. Mohl, Raymond A. Stevenson, Bruce Date Created ca. 2012-12-19 Format audio/mp3 Extent 27.5 MB Medium 19-minute and 49-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mark Hermanstorfer and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2497" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 44: The Construction of Inequality: Politics and Influence on I-4</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2497. "<a href="http://www.us-highways.com/fli.htm" target="_blank">Historic Florida Mainlines</a>." Historic Florida Mainlines. http://www.us-highways.com/fli.htm. Moon, Henry. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/31901368" target="_blank">The Interstate Highway System</a>. Washington, DC: Association of American Geographers, 1994. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/68c2275f3274502a904d6aeeed777bf5.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 44: The Construction of Inequality: Politics and Influence on I-4</a> Date Copyrighted 2012-12-19 Date Issued 2012-12-19 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. African American beautification Caro, Robert Allan Central Business District Chambliss, Julian C. civil rights Clark, James C. Clark, Jim C. construction Dade County department store desegregation Downtown Miami Downtown Orlando East-West Expressway Eatonville Eisenhower, Dwight David engineering Florida State Road 408 Georgetown, Washington, D.C. Greenboro, North Carolina Hermanstorfer, Mark high speed rail highway housing I-4 I-95 income integration Interstate Highway 4 Interstate Highway 95 Interstate Highway System J.C. Penney's lower class mall Miami Mohl, Raymond A. Moses, Robert national defense National Defense Highway orlando Orlando Central Business District Overtown, Miami, Florida Parramore property value race relations real estate real estate development real estate industry RICHES Podcast Documentaries road Rollins College segregation shopping mall SR 408 Stevenson, Bruce store The City Beautiful The Interstates and the Cities: Highways, Housing, and the Freeway Revolt The Orlando Sentinel The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York UAB UCF University of Alabama at Birmingham University of Central Florida upper class urban urban development urban planning urban renewal urbanization Winter Park https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/521dd5156aee1a4014cfa40041901b56.mp3 ab1a8f0f82a848a77c6ee28c7898fffc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 16 minutes and 31 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 192kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 45: An Interview with Joy Wallace Dickinson, Part 1 Alternative Title Interview with Joy Wallace Dickinson Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Orlando (Fla.) Journalism--Florida Journalists--Florida--Biography Description Episode 45, Part 1 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: An Interview with Joy Wallace Dickinson. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 45 features an interview with former The Orlando Sentinel journalist Joy Wallace Dickinson about the history of Orlando based on her unique personal experience and professional research and work. Abstract Joy Wallace Dickinson gives a tour through the rich and diverse history of Orlando based off her unique personal experience and professional research and work. From artists and historical buildings to gangsters and gambling, Dickinson proves that the local history Orlando is fascinating and exciting in this two-part podcast. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 16-minute and 31-second podcast, December 19, 2012: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 45: An Interview with Joy Wallace Dickinson, Part 1." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Orlando, Florida Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Dickinson, Joy Wallace Date Created ca. 2012-12-19 Format audio/mp3 Extent 22.9 MB Medium 16-minute and 31-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2498" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 45: An Interview with Joy Wallace Dickinson, Part 1</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2498. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2499" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 46: An Interview with Joy Wallace Dickinson, Part 2</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2499. Dickinson, Joy Wallace. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53872607" target="_blank">Orlando: City of Dreams</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2003. Dickinson, Joy Wallace. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/548583228" target="_blank">Remembering Orlando</a>. Nashville, Tenn: Trade Paper Press, 2010. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/521dd5156aee1a4014cfa40041901b56.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 45: An Interview with Joy Wallace Dickinson, Part 1</a> Date Copyrighted 2012-12-19 Date Issued 2012-12-19 Has Part "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2499" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 46: An Interview with Joy Wallace Dickinson, Part 2</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2499. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. African American Amtrak Central Boulevard cherry Cherry Plaza civil rights Civil Rights Movement desegregation Dickinson, Joy Wallace Dickson & Ives Building Dickson & Ives Company Disney, Walt Disney, Walter "Walt" Elias documentary Downtown Orlando Eola Plaza Eola Plaza Hotel Florida Flashback Florida State University FSU high school HOTEL Howard Junior High School integration Johnson, Lyndon Baines journalism journalist Kennedy, John Fitzgerald Lake Eola Lake Eola Park Lee, Harper Lee, Nelle Harper local history Martínez-Fernández, Luis newspaper Orange Avenue orange county orlando Orlando High School Orlando: City of Dreams. podcast railroad Remembering Orlando: Tales from Elvis to Disney retail RICHES Podcast Documentaries school segregation Sligh Boulevard South Spanish Mediterranean Architecture St. Augustine The Orlando Sentinel To Kill a Mockingbird tourism tourist attraction train train station Walt Disney World Yowell-Drew Company https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/82b3091c307a7176cc17d73dceeacee8.mp3 5d551335a2eff36357a4a019df073516 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 18 minutes and 50 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 192kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 48: The Groveland 4 Alternative Title The Groveland 4 Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Groveland Boys Trial, Groveland, Fla., 1949-1952 Groveland (Fla.) Marshall, Thurgood, 1908-1993 Lake County (Fla.) Description Episode 48 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: The Groveland 4. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 48 features an interview with Gilbert King, author of Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America. King's book analyzes the Groveland Four: Ernest Thomas, Charles Greenlee, Samuel Shepherd, and Walter Lee Irvin. Also known as the Groveland Boys, these four African-American men were falsely accused of raping Norma Padgett in Lake County, Florida, in 1949. Thomas was shot and killed by a mob, but the other three suspects were put on trial. Both Shepherd and Irvin were sentenced to death and Greenlee was sentenced to life in prison. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) special counsel Thurgood Marshall had the verdict overturned by the U.S. Supreme Court in November 1951. While transporting Shepherd and Irvin, Lake County Sheriff Willis Virgil McCall claimed that the prisoners attacked him and that he subsequently shot and killed Shepherd and shot Irvin. Irvin claimed that McCall falsified the escape attempt, but McCall was cleared of any wrongdoing. Irvin was again sentenced to death for the rape of Padgett. In 1955, the then newly-elected Governor of Florida LeRoy Collins commuted Irvin's sentence to life in prison. Irvin was paroled in 1968 and died in 1970. Abstract In this episode, we sat down with Gilbert King to interview him about his recent book Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America. His book about the Groveland 4 is some important local history. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 18-minute and 50-second podcast by Robert Cassanello, February 14, 2013: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 48: The Groveland 4." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Groveland, Florida Creator Cassanello, Robert Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor King, Gilbert Date Created ca. 2013-02-14 Format audio/mp3 Extent 25.9 MB Medium 18-minute and 50-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Robert Cassanello and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2501" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 48: The Groveland 4</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2501. King, Gilbert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/7332237407" target="_blank">Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America </a>. New York: Harper, 2012. Corsair, Gary. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53097367" target="_blank">The Groveland Four: The Sad Saga of a Legal Lynching</a>. [Bloomington, IN]: 1st Books, 2003. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/82b3091c307a7176cc17d73dceeacee8.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 48: The Groveland 4</a> Date Copyrighted 2013-02-14 Date Issued 2013-02-14 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. African American Assistant District Attorney attorney boycott capital punishment citrus citrus boycott citrus industry civil rights Clermont Collins, LeRoy Collins, Thomas LeRoy Communist Communist Party court court case crime criminal case criminal justice death penalty death sentence Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America documentary electric chair execution false accusation false conviction Florida State Attorney Francis, Willie fundraising governor Governor of Florida Greenlee, Charles Groveland Groveland 4 Groveland Boys Groveland Boys Trial Howard, Willie James Irvin, Walter Lee judge justice kidnapping King, Gilbert KKK Ku Klux Klan Lake County Lake County Sheriff Lake County Sheriff's Office lawyer LDF legal defense fund legal representation Library of Congress life in prison life sentence LOC lynch mob lynching Marshall, Thurgood McCall, Willis Virgil media mob Moore, Harry Tyson murder NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People news newspaper Padgett, Norma Padgett, Willie podcast prisoner prosecution protest publicity race relations racism rape RICHES Podcast Documentaries Robert Cassanello Shepherd, Samuel "Sam" sheriff Sheriff's Office State Archives of Florida Supreme Court Supreme Court justice suspect Suwannee River Thomas, Ernest trial U.S. Supreme Court UM University of Miami https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/93e13f7a0d188c76919ca6e879e5a514.mp3 89c7bb30f196ad11fc3e824a2217a1c9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 16 minutes and 51 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 192kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 49: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 1 Alternative Title Interview with Paul Ortiz Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Civil rights--Florida Reconstruction Voting rights Segregation--Florida Description Episode 49, Part 1 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: An Interview with Paul Ortiz. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 49 features an interview with Paul Ortiz, an historian at the University of Florida and author of Emancipation Betrayed: The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920, which chronicles the history of African-Americans organizing in Florida after the end of slavery. Abstract In this episode we interviewed Paul Ortiz, a historian at the University of Florida. His recent book Emancipation Betrayed: The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920 chronicles the history of black organizing in Florida after the end of slavery. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 16-minute and 51-second podcast by Geoffrey Cravero, February 26, 2013: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 49: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 1." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Samuel Proctor Oral History Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Bartow, Florida Lakeland, Florida Lake County, Florida Creator Cravero, Geoffrey Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Ortiz, Paul Date Created ca. 2013-02-26 Format audio/mp3 Extent 23.2 MB Medium 16-minute and 51-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Geoffrey Cravero and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2502" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 49: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 1</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2502. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2503" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 50: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 2</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2503. Ortiz, Paul. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58728548" target="_blank">Emancipation Betrayed The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920</a>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005. Ortiz, Paul. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48487895" target="_blank">Like Water Covered the Sea": The African American Freedom Struggle in Florida, 1877-1920</a>. Thesis (Ph. D.)--Duke University, 2000, 2000. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/93e13f7a0d188c76919ca6e879e5a514.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 49: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 1</a> Date Copyrighted 2013-02-26 Date Issued 2013-02-26 Has Part "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2503" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 50: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 2</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2503. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. 1920 Election African American armed resistance civil rights convict labor convict leasing court Cravero, Geoffrey democracy disenfranchisement documentary election Election of 1920 emancipation Emancipation Betrayed: The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920 Great Depression Harding, Warren Gamaliel historian historiography Jim Crow labor labor rights labor strike laborer liberty bond Lincoln, Abraham lynching migrant labor migrant worker New York Stock Exchange oral history organizing Ortiz, Paul phosphate phosphate industry podcast race relation racial violence racism Reconstruction Republican Republican Party RICHES Podcast Documentaries Robert Cassanello Rockefeller, John Davison, Sr. Samuel Proctor Oral History Program segregation sheriff slave slavery State of Florida strike Thrift stamp turpentine turpentine industry UF University of Florida violence voter registration voter registration movement voting voting rights wages Wells-Barnett, Ida Bell Wells, Ida Bell worker rights World War I WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/667f4cebc0a7122c4bc53549fc5a3903.mp3 bb8ab4b83635494f78c95e299d4574e1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 18 minutes and 17 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 192kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 50: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 2 Alternative Title Interview with Paul Ortiz Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Civil rights--Florida Reconstruction Voting rights Segregation--Florida Description Episode 50, Part 2 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: An Interview with Paul Ortiz. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 50 features an interview with Paul Ortiz, an historian at the University of Florida and author of Emancipation Betrayed: The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920, which chronicles the history of African-Americans organizing in Florida after the end of slavery. Abstract In this episode we interviewed Paul Ortiz, a historian at the University of Florida. His recent book Emancipation Betrayed: The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920 chronicles the history of black organizing in Florida after the end of slavery. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 18-minute and 17-second podcast by Geoffrey Cravero, February 26, 2013: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 50: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 2." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Pensacola, Florida Tampa, Florida Samuel Proctor Oral History Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Creator Cravero, Geoffrey Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Ortiz, Paul Date Created ca. 2013-02-26 Format audio/mp3 Extent 25.1 MB Medium 18-minute and 17-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Geoffrey Cravero and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2503" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 50: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 2</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2503. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2502" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 49: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 1</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2502. Ortiz, Paul. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58728548" target="_blank">Emancipation Betrayed The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920</a>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005. Ortiz, Paul. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48487895" target="_blank">Like Water Covered the Sea": The African American Freedom Struggle in Florida, 1877-1920</a>. Thesis (Ph. D.)--Duke University, 2000, 2000. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/667f4cebc0a7122c4bc53549fc5a3903.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 50: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 2</a> Date Copyrighted 2013-02-26 Date Issued 2013-02-26 Has Part "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2502" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 49: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 1</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2502. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. 19th Amendment African American Bartow Bethune-Cookman College Bethune, Mary Jane McLeod Birmingham, Alabama boycott Chicago, Illinois civil rights Civil Rights Movement Cole, Johnnetta Betsch Cravero, Geoffrey debt peonage Detroit, Michigan disenfranchisement documentary Election of 1920 emancipation Emancipation Betrayed: The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920 Florida Voter Registration Movement fraternal organization Gainesville Grand Court Order of Calanthe Great Depression Great Migration Great War Hurston, Zora Neale Jacksonvile Jacksonville Jim Crow Johnson, James Weldon Knights of Pythias Lakeland Louie, M. M. lynching Masons meeting Memphis, Tennessee migration Montgomery Bus Boycott Moore, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, Harry Tyson museum NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People New York City, New York Nineteenth Amendment Ocoee Ocoee Massacre Ocoee Race Riot oral history orange county Order of the Eastern Star organizing orlando Ortiz, Paul Pensacola Pensacola Streetcar Boycott podcast poll tax Randolph, A. Philip Reconstruction RICHES Podcast Documentaries Robert Cassanello Samuel Proctor Oral History Program secret society Simms, Harriette Vyda St. Augustine St. Petersburg suffrage Tampa Thurmond, Howard UF University of Florida voter registration voter registration movement voting voting rights West Orange County white supremacy women's suffrage World War I World War II WWI WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fd6779184e4fe6c6624047d0afb4e9b8.mp3 98c55cabdca851a14cab163929f0b356 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 18 minutes and 58 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 192 kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 55: Apopka Farmworkers, Part One Alternative Title Apopka Farmworkers Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Apopka (Fla.) Farmworkers Nuns--Political activity--United States Agricultural laborers--Florida Labor unions--Florida Description Episode 55, Part 1 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Apopka Farmworkers. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 55 features interviews with Linda Lee and Geraldine Mathew, two women who worked as farmworkers in Apopka in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. Lee and Matthew discuss the social conditions of African-American farmworkers and the role of a number of Catholic nuns in launching the Office for Farmworker Ministry. Farmworkers like Geraldine Mathew and Linda Lee along with the Office for Farmworker Ministry successfully organized numerous programs and protests to improve the lives of local area farmers. Abstract In part one, Linda Lee and Geraldine Matthew tell me about growing as farmworkers and the role of a handful of Catholic nuns had in launching the Office for Farmworker Ministry. Farmworkers like Geraldine Mathew and Linda Lee along with the Office for Farmworker Ministry successfully organized numerous programs and protests to improve the lives of local area farmers. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 18-minute and 58-second podcast by Robert Cassanello, June 16, 2013: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 55: Apopka Farmworkers, Part One." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Temporal Coverage 1968-01-01/1987-12-31 Spatial Coverage 28.68675, -81.513276 Coverage Apopka, Florida Creator Cassanello, Robert Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Lee, Linda Mathew, Geraldine Date Created ca. 2013 Date Copyrighted 2013-06-14 Format audio/mp3 Extent 26.1 MB Medium 18-minute and 58-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Robert Cassanello and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2691" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 55: Apopka Farmworkers, Part One</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2692" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 56: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Two</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2693" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 57: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Three</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. "<a href="http://apopkaquiltproject.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">Lake Apopka Farmworker Memorial Quilt</a>." Lake Apopka Farmworker Memorial Quilt Project. http://apopkaquiltproject.blogspot.com/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/fd6779184e4fe6c6624047d0afb4e9b8.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 55: Apopka Farmworkers, Part One</a> agricultural laborer agriculture Apopka Catholic Catholic Church Catholicism civil rights Coca-Cola demonstration documentary equal rights farm farm laborer farm worker Farmworker Association of Florida Florida Legislature labor organizing labor rights labor union laborer Lake Apopka Farmworker Memorial Quilt Lee, Linda Lee, Marci Mathew, Geraldine nun Office for Farmworker Ministry organizing podcast protest quilt RICHES Podcast Documentaries rights Robert Cassanello Roman Catholic Roman Catholic Church Roman Catholicism Union union organizing woman worker rights https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e60018b584972db9503d3b6cf5f42105.mp3 be3e43ca248d8e64e048560cd6934229 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 13 minutes and 35 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 192kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 56: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Two Alternative Title Apopka Farmworkers Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Apopka (Fla.) Farmworkers Nuns--Political activity--United States Agricultural laborers--Florida Labor unions--Florida Description Episode 56, Part 2 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Apopka Farmworkers. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 56 features interviews with Linda Lee and Geraldine Mathew, two women who worked as farmworkers in Apopka in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. Lee and Matthew discuss the social conditions of African-American farmworkers and their attempts to organize. Farmworkers like Geraldine Mathew and Linda Lee along with the Office for Farmworker Ministry successfully organized numerous programs and protests to improve the lives of local area farmers. Abstract In part two, Geraldine Matthew continues the discussion of the plight of farmworkers and their attempts to organize and engage Apopka officials in improving the lives of farm workers. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 13-minute and 35-second podcast by Robert Cassanello, June 16, 2013: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 56: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Two." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Apopka, Florida Creator Cassanello, Robert Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Lee, Linda Mathew, Geraldine Date Created ca. 2013 Date Copyrighted 2013-06-14 Format audio/mp3 Extent 18.7 MB Medium 13-minute and 35-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Robert Cassanello and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2691" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 55: Apopka Farmworkers, Part One</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2691. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2692" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 56: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Two</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2692. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2693" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 57: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Three</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2693. "<a href="http://apopkaquiltproject.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">Lake Apopka Farmworker Memorial Quilt</a>." Lake Apopka Farmworker Memorial Quilt Project. http://apopkaquiltproject.blogspot.com/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/e60018b584972db9503d3b6cf5f42105.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 56: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Two</a> Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. African American agricultural labor agricultural laborer apartment Apopka Catholic Catholic Church Catholicism celery celery industry civil rights corn corn industry demonstration documentary equal rights farm labor farm laborer Hispanic Hispanic American housing illiteracy labor labor organizing labor rights labor union laborer Lake Apopka Farmworker Memorial Quilt Land, John H. Latin American Latino Lee, Linda literacy Mathew, Geraldine migrant labor migrant worker migration nun Office for Farmworker Ministry organizing podcast protest quilt race relations racism RICHES Podcast Documentaries Robert Cassanello Roman Catholic Roman Catholic Church Roman Catholicism unemployment Union wages Walt Disney World worker rights https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/dfa572a1e15ebc2def8f475b90cd83e9.mp3 1452ebaa6866db7fc2a80e4b182a3b9d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 15 minutes and 47 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 192kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 57: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Three Alternative Title Apopka Farmworkers Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Apopka (Fla.) Farmworkers Nuns--Political activity--United States Agricultural laborers--Florida Labor unions--Florida Quilts--Florida Description Episode 57, Part 3 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Apopka Farmworkers. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 57 features interviews with Linda Lee and Geraldine Matthew, two women who worked as farmworkers in Apopka in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. Lee and Matthew discuss the inspiration for the Lake Apopka Farmworker Memorial Quilts. Farmworkers like Geraldine Matthew and Linda Lee, along with the Office for Farmworker Ministry successfully organized numerous programs and protests to improve the lives of local area farmers. Abstract Finally in part three, we hear the story of the inspiration for the memorial quilts and both Geraldine Mathew and Linda Lee give us the poignant stories of the lives of the people memorialized in the quilt. Type Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 15-minute and 47-second podcast by Robert Cassanello, June 16, 2013: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 57: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Three." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Apopka, Florida Florida State Capitol, Tallahassee, Florida Creator Cassanello, Robert Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Lee, Linda Mathew, Geraldine Date Created ca. 2013 Date Copyrighted 2013-06-14 Format audio/mp3 Extent 21.7 MB Medium 15-minute and 47-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Robert Cassanello and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2691" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 55: Apopka Farmworkers, Part One</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2691. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2692" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 56: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Two</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2692. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2693" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 57: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Three</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2693. "<a href="http://apopkaquiltproject.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">Lake Apopka Farmworker Memorial Quilt.</a>" Lake Apopka Farmworker Memorial Quilt Project. http://apopkaquiltproject.blogspot.com/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/dfa572a1e15ebc2def8f475b90cd83e9.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 57: Apopka Farmworkers, Part Three</a> Date Issued 2013-06-14 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. agricultural labor agricultural laborer Apopka Capitol Rotunda Catholic Catholic Church Catholicism civil rights compensation documentary equal rights farm labor farm laborer farm worker fishing Florida Legislature health care Kit Kat Club labor labor organizing labor rights labor union laborer Lake Apopka Lake Apopka Farmworker Memorial Quilt Lee, Linda Mathew, Geraldine migrant labor migrant worker nun Office for Farmworker Ministry organizing podcast quilt racism RICHES Podcast Documentaries Robert Cassanello Robinson Robinson, Erline Robinson, Frederick Robinson, Pop Robinson, Richard Roman Catholic Roman Catholic Church Roman Catholicism Tallahassee Union union organizing wages worker rights workers' compensation https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/534afff4ae9ed3d8a36ba751e0334b06.mp3 c1bd18e9fcb1b27e1deb3a9283f50cab Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 13 minutes and 43 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 160kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 58: Museum Tour Alternative Title Museum Tour Podcast Subject Museums--Florida Vero Beach (Fla.) Citrus--Florida Mims (Fla.) Moore, Harry T., 1905-1951 Civil rights--Florida Lake Mary (Fla.) Description Episode 58 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Museum Tour. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 58 previews the upcoming podcast series A History of Central Florida, which will feature various Central Florida museums. This episode includes excerpts from interviews with: Rebecca Rickey of the Heritage Center and Indian River Citrus Museum, located at 2140 Fourteenth Avenue in Vero Beach; Juanita Barton of the Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Memorial Park, Kim Nelson of the Museum of Seminole County History, and Jane Kenovich and Mary Jane Duryea of the Lake Mary Historical Museum. Abstract This is another preview of our upcoming podcast A History of Central Florida. In this podcast we traveled to some of the museums we will feature in this new podcast. We went to the Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Memorial Park, The Heritage Center and Indian River Citrus Museum, The Lake Mary Museum, and the Museum of Seminole County History. These are some of the places who will be joining us in our new podcast series. Until them please enjoy this preview. Type Sound Source Original 13-minute and 43-second podcast by Robert Cassanello, July 29, 2013: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 58: Museum Tour." RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Indian River Citrus Museum, Downtown Vero Beach, Florida Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Mims, Florida Museum of Seminole County History, Sanford, Florida Lake Mary Historical Museum, Lake Mary, Florida Creator Cassanello, Robert Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Rickey, Rebecca Barton, Juanita Nelson, Kim Kenovich, Jane Duryea, Mary Jane Date Created ca. 2013 Date Copyrighted 2013-07-20 Format audio/mp3 Extent 15.7 MB Medium 13-minute and 43-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Robert Cassanello and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2694" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 58: Museum Tour</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2694. "<a href="http://www.veroheritage.org/CitrusMuseum.html" target="_blank">The Heritage Center and Indian River Citrus Museum</a>." The Heritage Center and Indian River Citrus Museum. http://www.veroheritage.org/CitrusMuseum.html. "<a href="http://www.nbbd.com/godo/moore/" target="_blank">Harry T. Moore Homesite</a>." Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Memorial Park. http://www.nbbd.com/godo/moore/. "<a href="http://www.lakemaryhistory.org/" target="_blank">Welcome to the Lake Mary Museum</a>." Lake Mary Historical Museum. http://www.lakemaryhistory.org/. "<a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>." Seminole County Government. http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/534afff4ae9ed3d8a36ba751e0334b06.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 58: Museum Tour</a> Date Issued 2013-07-20 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. 14th Avenue African American Barton, Juanita Bush Boulevard Cassanello, Robert A. citrus citrus grove citrus industry city hall civil rights civil rights activist Civil Rights Movement Country Club Road documentary Downtown Vero Beach Duryea, Mary Jane Fourteenth Avenue Freedom Avenue grove Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Memorial Park Heritage Center and Indian River Citrus Museum Historic Downtown Vero Beach I-95 Indian River Citrus Museum Interstate Highway 95 Kenovich, Jane Lake Mary Lake Mary City Hall Lake Mary Historical Museum Mims Moore, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, Harry Tyson museum Museum of Seminole County History Nelson, Kim Old Folks' Home podcast RICHES Podcast Documentaries Rickey, Rebecca Seminole County Seminole County Historical Society Simms, Harriette Vyda Spingarn Medal Vero Beach https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c7d8a7e494694e243a45a41b972c7d8f.pdf f4789631d253ca61c3d8ea5db3f76151 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida Collection Alternative Title Civil Rights Movement in Florida Collection Subject Civil rights--Florida Civil rights movements--Florida Description Digitized items of the Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida, an exhibit created by Dr. Robert Cassanello and his students at the University of Central Florida. The exhibit chronicles both national and local events in the civil rights movements dating from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. Curators for the exhibit were Joseph Corbett and Anne Ladyem McDiviitt. Assistant curators included Patrick Anderson, Laura Cepero, Jennifer Cook, Tanya Engelhardt, Jacob Flynn, William Franklin, Barbara Houser, Rustin Lloyd, Joshua Petitt, Lindsey Turnbull, and Jon Wolfe. Andrew Callovi was the graphic designer. Contributor Cassanello, Robert <a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/photographiccollection/" target="_blank">Florida Photographic Collection</a> <a href="http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/" target="_blank">Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc.</a> <a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a> <a href="http://www.nypl.org/locations/schomburg%20target=">Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture</a> <a href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Brevard County, Florida Cocoa, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida Eatonville, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Gainesville, Florida Groveland, Florida Live Oak, Florida Madison County, Florida Miami, Florida Miami Gardens, Florida Mims, Florida Ocoee, Florida Palatka, Florida Rosewood, Florida Tallahassee, Florida Tampa, Florida St. Augustine, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.robertcassanello.com/" target="_blank">Dr. Robert Cassanello's</a> Spring 2011 Historiography Graduate Class Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://floridacivilrightsexhibit.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida</a>." The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida. http://floridacivilrightsexhibit.blogspot.com/. Bartley, Abel A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41482161" target="_blank">Keeping the Faith: Race, Politics, and Social Development in Jacksonville, Florida, 1940-1970</a>. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 2000. Brown, Canter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44963696" target="_blank">Florida's Black Public Officials, 1867-1924</a>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1998. Brown, Canter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44963696" target="_blank">Florida's Black Public Officials, 1867-1924</a>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1998. Colburn, David R. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11133337" target="_blank">Racial Change and Community Crisis: St. Augustine, Florida, 1877-1980</a>. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985. Corsair, Gary. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53097367" target="_blank">The Groveland Four: The Sad Saga of a Legal Lynching</a>. [Bloomington, IN]: 1st Books, 2003. Crooks, James B. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53435227" target="_blank">Jacksonville: The Consolidation Story, from Civil Rights to the Jaguars</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004. D'Orso, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33047183" target="_blank">Like Judgment Day: The Ruin and Redemption of a Town Called Rosewood</a>. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1996. Dunn, Marvin. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49414756" target="_blank">Black Miami in the Twentieth Century</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1997. Evans, Arthur S., and David R. Lee. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21563352" target="_blank">Pearl City, Florida: A Black Community Remembers</a>. Boca Raton: Florida Atlantic University Press, 1990. Green, Ben. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40403600" target="_blank">Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr</a>. New York, NY: Free Press, 1999. Greenbaum, Susan D. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47965343" target="_blank">More Than Black: Afro-Cubans in Tampa</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002. McCarthy, Kevin. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/74987559" target="_blank">African American Sites in Florida</a>. Sarasota, Fla: Pineapple Press, 2007. Mohl, Raymond A., Matilda Graff, and Shirley M. Zoloth. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52688091" target="_blank">South of the South: Jewish Activists and the Civil Rights Movement in Miami, 1945-1960</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004. Oliver, Kitty. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45301837" target="_blank">Race and Change in Hollywood Florida</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2000. Ortiz, Paul. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58728548" target="_blank">Emancipation Betrayed The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920</a>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005. Phelts, Marsha Dean. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48138754" target="_blank">An American Beach for African Americans</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1997. Price, Hugh Douglas. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/423585" target="_blank">The Negro and Southern Politics: A Chapter of Florida History</a>. [New York]: New York University Press, 1957. Rabby, Glenda Alice. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39860115" target="_blank">The Pain and the Promise: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Tallahassee, Florida</a>. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1999. Rymer, Russ. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40145621" target="_blank">American Beach: A Saga of Race, Wealth, and Memory</a>. New York, NY: HarperCollinsPublishers, 1998. Saunders, Robert W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44585446" target="_blank">Bridging the Gap: Continuing the Florida NAACP Legacy of Harry T. Moore, 1952-1966</a>. Tampa, Fla: University of Tampa Press, 2000. Shell-Weiss, Melanie. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/226356610%20target=">Coming to Miami: A Social History</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2009. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida Alternative Title History of the Civil Rights Movement in Florida Subject Civil rights--Florida Exhibit Civil Rights Movement Civil rights movements--Florida Description The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida, an exhibit created by Dr. Robert Cassanello and his students at the University of Central Florida. The exhibit chronicles both national and local events in the civil rights movements dating from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. Curators for the exhibit were Joseph Corbett and Anne Ladyem McDiviitt. Assistant curators included Patrick Anderson, Laura Cepero, Jennifer Cook, Tanya Engelhardt, Jacob Flynn, William Franklin, Barbara Houser, Rustin Lloyd, Joshua Petitt, Lindsey Turnbull, and Jon Wolfe. Andrew Callovi was the graphic designer. Type Physical Object Source Original exhibit by Robert Cassanello's Spring 2011 Historiography Graduate Class: <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida Department of History</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://floridacivilrightsexhibit.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida</a>. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/114" target="_blank">The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Creator Corbett, Joseph McDivitt, Anne Ladyem Anderson, Patrick Cepero, Laura Cook, Jennifer Englehardt, Tanya Flynn, Jacob Franklin, William Houser, Barbara Lloyd, Rustin Petitt, Joshua Turnbull Lindsey Wolfe, Jon Cassanello, Robert Callovi, Andrew Publisher <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida Department of History</a> Contributor <a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/photographiccollection/" target="_blank">Florida Photographic Collection</a> <a href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a> <a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a> <a href="http://www.nypl.org/locations/schomburg%20target=">Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture</a> Barton, Juanita Gary, Bill <a href="http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/" target="_blank">Harry T. &amp</a> Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc. Date Created 2011 Format application/pdf Extent 249 MB Medium 1 exhibit Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Robert Cassanello's Spring 2011 Historiography Graduate Class. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida Department of History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Robert Cassanello's Spring 2011 Historiography Graduate Class Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://floridacivilrightsexhibit.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida</a>." The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida. http://floridacivilrightsexhibit.blogspot.com/. Bartley, Abel A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41482161" target="_blank">Keeping the Faith: Race, Politics, and Social Development in Jacksonville, Florida, 1940-1970</a>. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 2000. Brown, Canter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44963696" target="_blank">Florida's Black Public Officials, 1867-1924</a>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1998. Colburn, David R. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11133337" target="_blank">Racial Change and Community Crisis: St. Augustine, Florida, 1877-1980</a>. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985. Corsair, Gary. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53097367" target="_blank">The Groveland Four: The Sad Saga of a Legal Lynching</a>. [Bloomington, IN]: 1st Books, 2003. Crooks, James B. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53435227" target="_blank">Jacksonville: The Consolidation Story, from Civil Rights to the Jaguars</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004. D'Orso, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33047183" target="_blank">Like Judgment Day: The Ruin and Redemption of a Town Called Rosewood</a>. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1996. Dunn, Marvin. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49414756" target="_blank">Black Miami in the Twentieth Century</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1997. Evans, Arthur S., and David R. Lee. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21563352" target="_blank">Pearl City, Florida: A Black Community Remembers</a>. Boca Raton: Florida Atlantic University Press, 1990. Green, Ben. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40403600" target="_blank">Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr</a>. New York, NY: Free Press, 1999. Greenbaum, Susan D. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47965343" target="_blank">More Than Black: Afro-Cubans in Tampa</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002. McCarthy, Kevin. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/74987559" target="_blank">African American Sites in Florida</a>. Sarasota, Fla: Pineapple Press, 2007. Mohl, Raymond A., Matilda Graff, and Shirley M. Zoloth. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52688091" target="_blank">South of the South: Jewish Activists and the Civil Rights Movement in Miami, 1945-1960</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004. Oliver, Kitty. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45301837" target="_blank">Race and Change in Hollywood Florida</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2000. Ortiz, Paul. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58728548" target="_blank">Emancipation Betrayed The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920</a>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005. Phelts, Marsha Dean. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48138754" target="_blank">An American Beach for African Americans</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1997. Price, Hugh Douglas. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/423585" target="_blank">The Negro and Southern Politics: A Chapter of Florida History</a>. [New York]: New York University Press, 1957. Rabby, Glenda Alice. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39860115" target="_blank">The Pain and the Promise: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Tallahassee, Florida</a>. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1999. Rymer, Russ. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40145621" target="_blank">American Beach: A Saga of Race, Wealth, and Memory</a>. New York, NY: HarperCollinsPublishers, 1998. Saunders, Robert W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44585446" target="_blank">Bridging the Gap: Continuing the Florida NAACP Legacy of Harry T. Moore, 1952-1966</a>. Tampa, Fla: University of Tampa Press, 2000. Shell-Weiss, Melanie. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/226356610%20target=">Coming to Miami: A Social History</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2009. Coverage Brevard County, Florida Cocoa, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida Eatonville, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Gainesville, Florida Groveland, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Live Oak, Florida Madison County, Florida Miami, Florida Miami Gardens, Florida Mims, Florida Ocoee, Florida Palatka, Florida Rosewood, Florida Tallahassee, Florida Tampa, Florida St. Augustine, Florida Montogmery, Alabama Scottsboro, Alabama Selma, Alabama Tuskegee, Alabama Chicago, Illinois Syracuse, New York Greensboro, North Carolina Knoxville, Tennessee Pulaski, Tennessee 101st Airborne Division 14th Amendment 15th Amendment 99th Fighter Squadron A Red Record African Americans Afro-Cubans American Civil War Anderson, Patrick Asa Philip Randolph Atlanta Exposition Bahamians Barton, Juanita beach beaches Bethel Baptist Institutional Church Bethune-Cookman College Bethune, Mary McLeod Black Cabinet Booker Taliaferro Washington Brevard County Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters Brown v. Board of Education of Topek bus boycotts Callovi, Andrew Central Florida Cepero, Laura Chambers v. Florida Chaney, James Charles Kenzie Steele Chicago, Illinois civil disobedience civil rights Civil Rights Act of 1875 Civil Rights Act of 1964 Civil Rights March Civil Rights Movement Clara White Mission Cocoa Cocoa Elementary School Confederates Constitution Constitutional League of Florida Cook, Jennifer Cookman Institute Corbett, Joseph Francis II Dale Mabry Field Davis, Ed Davis, John A. Daytona Beach Democratic Party desegregation discrimination disfranchisement Double V Campaign Dwight David Eisenhower Eartha M. M. White Eartha Mary Magdalene White Eatonville educators Eisenhower, Dwight D. Englehardt, Tanya equal pay exhibits FDR Federal Council of Negro Affairs Fifteenth Amendment Florida Civil Rights Act Florida Memorial college Florida Photographic Collection Florida Streetcar Segregation Law Florida Supreme court Florida Teachers Association Flynn, Jacob Fort Lauderdale Fourteenth Amendment Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt Franklin, William Freedom Riders Freedom Rides Freedom Summer Garvey, Marcus Gary, Bill Gibson v. Board of Public Instruction of Dade County Goff, Cynthia Goodman, Andrew Grant, Ulysses S. Great Depression Greensboro Sit-in Greensboro, North Carolina Groveland Groveland Four Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc. Hawkins, Virgil D. Holland Houser, Barbara Houston, Texas Howard, Willie James Hurston, Zora Neale Ida Bell Wells-Barnett Ike Eisenhower Jacksonville Jakes, Wilhelmina Jim Crow South King, Martin Luther, Jr. KKK Knoxville, Tennessee Ku Klux Klan Library of Congress Lincoln, Abraham Literary and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls Little Rock 9 Little Rock Central High School Little Rock Nine Little Rock, Arkansas Live Oak Lloyd, Rustin lynchings Madison County Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr. Marshall, Thurgood Mary Jane McLeod Bethune McCall, Willis V. McDivitt, Anne Ladyem Miami Michael Henry Schwerner Mississippi Plan Montgomery Bus Boycott Montgomery, Alabama Moore, Harriette V. Moore, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, Harry T. Moore, Harry Tyson NAACP National Afro-American League National Association for the Advancement of Colored People National Equal Rights League NERL New Deal New York Niagara Movement Ocoee Massacre Ocoee Riot Omaha, Nebraska Orchard Villa Elementary School Palatka Parks, Rosa Patterson, Carrie Payne, Jesse Petitt, Joshua Plessy v. Ferguson Progressive Voter's League protests Pulaski, Tennessee race relations race riots racial equality racism Randolph, A. Philip Reconstruction Red Summer of 1919 Republican Party Robert Cassanello Rosa Louise McCauley Parks Rosewood Massacre Saunders, Robert Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture Schwerner, Michael Scottsboro Boys Scottsboro, Alabama SCOTUS segregation Selma, Alabama separate but equal Shepard sit-ins slavery Sociedad la Union Marti-Maceo soldiers South Carolina Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases St. Augustine State Library and Archives of Florida Steele, C. K. Supreme Court Supreme Court of the United States Syracuse, New York Tallahassee Tallahassee Bus Boycott Tampa teachers The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida Timothy Thomas Fortune To Secure These Rights: The Report of the President's Committee on Civil rights Truman, Harry S. Turnbull, Lindsey Tuskegee University Tuskegee, Alabama U.S. Armed Forces U.S. Army U.S. Supreme Court UF UNIA Union Universal Negro Improvement Association University of Florida veterans voting voting rights Voting Rights Act of 1965 W. E. B. Du Bois wade-ins Waldron, J. Milton Washington, Booker T. Wells, Ida B. Wetmore, J. Douglas white supremacy White, Clara William Edward Burghardt Du Bois Williams, Alice Willis Virgil McCall Wolfe, Jon Woolworth Woolworth's World War II WWII Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida Collection Alternative Title History of Central Florida Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Astor, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Fort King, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Miami, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Tavares, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Original Format 1 video podcast Duration 14 minutes and 39 seconds Producer Cassanello, Robert Director Dickens, Bethany Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida, Episode 18: Time Pieces Alternative Title Time Pieces Podcast Subject Clocks and watches--United States Railroads--Florida Civil rights--Florida Farming Mims (Fla.) Winter Garden (Fla.) Description Episode 18 of A History of Central Florida podcasts: Time Pieces. A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 18 features a discussion of time pieces at the Museum of Geneva History, the Central Florida Railroad Museum, and the Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Mark Howard Long of the University of Central Florida, Dr. Alexis M. McCrossen of Southern Methodist University, Philip Cross of the National Railway Historical Society, and Ben Green, author of Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr. Type Moving Image Source Original 14-minute and 39-second podcast by Bethany Dickens, 2014: "A History of Central Florida, Episode 18: Time Pieces." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank">Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank">Java</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Museum of Geneva History, Geneva, Florida Central Florida Railroad Museum, Winter Garden, Florida Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Mims, Florida Creator Dickens, Bethany Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Contributor Long, Mark Howard McCrossen, Alexis M. Green, Ben Cross, Philip Cassanello, Robert Clarke, Bob Ford, Chip Gibson, Ella Hazen, Kendra Kelley, Katie Velásquez, Daniel <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/museum.htm" target="_blank">Museum of Geneva History</a> <a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/" target="_blank">Florida Memory Project</a> <a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a> Date Created ca. 2014-06-02 Date Issued 2014-06-02 Date Copyrighted 2014-06-02 Format video/mp4 Medium 14-minute and 39-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Bethany Dickens and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/4563" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 18: Time Pieces</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/4563. McCrossen, Alexis M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/809910985" target="_blank">Marking Modern Times: A History of Clocks, Watches, and Other Timekeepers in American Life</a>. 2013. Green, Ben. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40403600" target="_blank">Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr</a>. New York, NY: Free Press, 1999. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/76S3CqwMR50" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 18: Time Pieces</a> Extent 117 MB 1st Street A History of Central Florida Alexis M. McCrossen Apopka Atlantic Standard Time Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr Ben Green Bob Clarke Boyd Street Brevard County Central Florida Railroad Museum Central Standard Time Chip Ford citrus civil rights civil rights activists clocks Cross, Philip CST dairy Daniel Velásquez Dickens, Bethany Eastern Standard Time Ella Gibson EST farmers First Street Florida Memory Project Freedom Avenue Geneva Harry and Harriette Moore Memorial Park Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex Harry T. Moore Harry Tyson Moore Industrial Revolution J. T. McLain Katie Kelley Kendra Hazen Lake County Leesburg Library of Congress Mark Howard Long Mark Long Mims Mountain Standard Time MST Museum of Geneva History NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People National Railway Historical Society OCRHC Orange County Regional History Center orlando Pacific Standard Time podcast PST railroad conductors railroads railways Robert Cassanello SMU Southern Methodist University Springarn Medal Standard Time Zones sundials time time pieces time zonez UCF watch watches Winter Garden Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title General Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Florida was first inhabited by Paleo-Indians as early as 14,000 years ago. By the 16th century, several distinct Native American tribes inhabited present-day Florida, primarily the Apalachee of the Panhandle, the Timucua of North and Central Florida), the Ais of the Central Atlantic Coast, the Tocobaga of the Tampa Bay area, the Calusa of Southwest Florida, and the Tequesta of the Southeast Florida. In 1513, Juan Ponce de León of Spain became the earliest known European explorer to arrive in Florida. During the 16th, 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, Spanish, French, and English pioneers settled various parts of the states, though not all settlement were successful. Most of the region was owned by Spain, until it was ceded to the United States via the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819. On March 3, 1845, Florida earned statehood. Florida was marred by nearly constant warfare with the Native Americans in the region, particularly with the Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. On January 10, 1861, Florida seceded from the Union and joined the Confederate States of American on January 20th. The state's participation in the Civil War revolved mostly around the transportation of goods via ships. On June 25, 1868, Florida regained its representation in Congress. During the Reconstruction period, Florida drafted a new state constitution, which included statues that effectively disenfranchised its African-American citizens, as well as many poor white citizens. Through much of its early history, Florida's economy relied heavily upon agriculture, especially citrus, cattle, sugarcane, tomatoes, and strawberries. Florida's tourism industry developed greatly with the economic prosperity of the 1920s. However, this was halted by devastating hurricanes in the second half of the decade, the Wall Street Crash of 1929, and the Great Depression. The economy would not fully recover until manufacturing was stimulated by World War II. As of 2014, Florida was the third most populous state in the country. Contributor Humphrey, Daphne F. Alternative Title General Collection Subject Florida Eatonville (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Winter Park (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Daytona Beach (Fla.) New Smyrna Beach (Fla.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Eatonville, Florida Orlando, Florida Winter Park, Florida Sanford , Florida Daytona Beach, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://dos.myflorida.com/florida-facts/florida-history/" target="_blank">Florida History</a>." Florida Department of State. http://dos.myflorida.com/florida-facts/florida-history/. Knotts, Bob. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49672975" target="_blank">Florida History</a>. Chicago: Heinemann Library, 2003. Website A resource comprising of a web page or web pages and all related assets ( such as images, sound and video files, etc. ). Original Format 1 motion picture Duration 23 minutes and 58 seconds Producer Kriete, Logan Fernández, Slyvana Monticello, Monica Director Cassanello, Robert A. Mills, Lisa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida’s Purge: The Johns Committee Witch Hunt Alternative Title The Committee Subject Education--Florida Civil rights--Florida Gainesville (Fla.) Tallahassee (Fla.) Colleges Universities Homosexuality--Florida Description Florida’s Purge: The Johns Committee Witch Hunt, known colloquially as The Committee, is a short film about the Florida Legislative Investigation Committee's investigation of communism and homosexuality amongst students and faculty at Florida colleges and universities. Commonly known as the Johns Committee, the committee was led by state senator and former governor Charley Eugene Johns (1905-1990). The committee was established in 1956 and originally focused on the investigation of the Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, an historically African-American university, for its faculty's and staff's involvement of the Tallahassee Bus Boycott (1956-1957). However, as the committee expanded its McCarthy era anti-communist witch hunt, it came to focus on the homosexual lifestyles of many faculty members and students at colleges and universities. After growing public critique of the committee's activities, it was eventually disbanded on July 1, 1965. The Committee centers on the anti-homosexual investigations of the Johns Committee. The film was produced and directed by University of Central Florida professor Dr. Robert Cassanello and Dr. Lisa Mills. Other producers include Slyvana Fernández and Logan Kriete, and Monica Monticello serves as associate producer. The screenplay was written by Monica Monticello, Kathryn Paulson, and Amy Simpson, with research conducted by Alex Boyce and Shay Cambre. Ben Taylor and Alex Wood were the cinematographers and the arts and graphics were created by Patrick Fenelon and Adrien Mills. The film was edited by Aaron Hosé, with the aid of assistant editors Chelsea Echols and David Mariutto. The Committee includes interviews with Ruth Jense-Forbell, a lesbian student interrogated by the Florida State University Police Department in 1964-1965; Chuck Woods, a homosexual student interrogated by the University of Florida Police Department while attending the university from 1959 to 1965; John Tileston, Sr., a UF police officer who investigated various faculty members and students, including Woods; Dr. Karen Graves, a professor of education at Denison University and the author of And They Were Wonderful Teachers: Florida’s Purge of Gay and Lesbian Teachers; Dr. Judith Poucher, a professor at Florida State College at Jacksonville; Bob Graham, a graduate of UF, the 38th Governor of Florida (1979-1987), and former U.S. Senator for Florida (1987-2005); and Dr. Fred Fejes, a professor of multimedia studies at Florida Atlantic University. Florida’s Purge: The Johns Committee Witch Hunt won various awards and accolades, including an Emmy Award. Type Moving Image Source Original 23-minute and 58-second motion picture produced by Dr. Robert Cassanello, Dr. Lisa Mills, Slyvana Fernández, and Logan Kriete: <a href="http://www.thecommitteedocumentary.org/" target="_blank">Florida's Purge: The Johns Committee Witch Hunt</a>, <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida, 2013. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank">Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank">Java</a> Coverage Florida Legislative Investigation Committee, Tallahassee, Florida Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Florida State College at Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida Stonewall Inn, Greenwich Village, New York City, New York Creator Cassanello, Robert Mills, Lisa Fernández, Slyvana Kriete, Logan Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Contributor Hosé, Aaron Monticello, Monica Paulson, Kathryn Simpson, Amy Taylor, Ben Wood, Alex Brown, Timothy Hosé, Brigitte Echols, Chelsea Mariutto, David Boyce, Alex Cambre, Shay Fenelson, Patrick Mills, Adrien Jensen-Forbell, Ruth Woods, Chuck Fejes, Fred Graham, Bob Graves, Karen Poucher, Judith Tileston, John, Sr. Jensen-Forbell, Elizabeth Date Created 2013-2014 Date Copyrighted 2014 Format application/website Medium 23-minute and 58-second motion picture Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally produced by Dr. Robert Cassanello, Dr. Lisa Mills, Slyvana Fernández, and Logan Kriete and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Department of History</a> <a href="http://svad.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Department of Film</a> <a href="http://honors.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Burnett Honors College</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Cassanello, Robert, Lisa Mills, Slyvana Fernández, and Logan Kriete. <a href="http://www.riches.cah.ucf.edu/committee/view.php" target="_blank">Florida's Purge: The Johns Committee Witch Hunt</a>. RICHES of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, 2013. Graves, Karen. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/246893193" target="_blank">And They Were Wonderful Teachers: Florida's Purge of Gay and Lesbian Teachers</a>. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2009. Beutke, Allyson A., et al. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47028564" target="_blank">Behind Closed Doors The Dark Legacy of the Johns Committee</a>. Gainesville, Fla: University of Florida, Dept. of Journalism, Documentary Institute, 2000. Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51244830" target="_blank">Homosexuality and Citizenship in Florida, A Report of the Florida Legislative Investigation Committee</a>. 1964. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://www.thecommitteedocumentary.org/" target="_blank">Florida’s Purge: The Johns Committee Witch Hunt</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/36" target="_blank">General Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Aaron Hosé Adams Street Adrien Mills Advanced Documentary Workshop African Americans Alex Boyce Alex Wood Allyson Beutke Amy Simpson And They Were Wonderful Teachers: Florida's Purge of Gay and Lesbian Teachers Anita Jane Bryant anthropophagy anti-Communism anti-communists Art Darling ArtServe Fort Lauderdale Atlanta's Out on Film LGBT Film Festival Barbara Washington Barry Sandler Barry Sefteur Behind Closed Doors: The Dark Legacy of the Johns Committee Ben Taylor Bill Young Black's Law Dictionary Bob Ewart Bob Graham boycotts Brigitte Hosé British Columbia, Canada Broward County Sheriff's Office Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Bryan W. Knicely C. Lawrence Rice C. W. Young Charley Eugene Johns Chelsea Echols Chip Burpee Chuck Woods cinemas citrus civil rights civil rights activists Cleveland colleges communism communists courts Dade County Daniel Robert Graham David Mariutto David Messer David Morton David Starner David Strickland Diane Maurtie Don Uhrig Donna Zell Durban Gay & Lesbian Film Festival education educators Elizabeth Forbell Elizabeth Jensen-Forbell Emmy Award FAU films flagellation Florida Atlantic University Florida Citrus Commission Florida Film Festival Florida Legislative Investigation Committee Florida State College at Jacksonville Florida State Legislature Florida State Senate Florida State University Florida State University Marching Band Fort Lauderdale Fort Lauderdale International Film Festival Frank Rose Fred Fejes Fred Ottle FSC FSU FSU Marching Band Gasparilla International Film Festival gay gay clubs gay marriage gay pride gay pride parades George B. Stallings, Jr. George Stupksi Governor of Florida governors Graveville Greenwich Village, New York High Springs higher education homophobia homosexuality Homosexuality and Citizenship in Florida: A Report of the Florida Legislative Investigation Committee homosexuals International Jury Award interrogations investigations J. Wayne Reitz J. Wayne Reitz Student Union James Monticello Jennifer Campbell Jeremy Mayeres Jesse Monteagudo Jim Noah Joe McCarthy John E. Evans John Perez John Tileston, Sr. Johns Committee Jon Bowen Jordan Henry Joseph Holbrooks Joseph McCarthy Joseph Raymond McCarthy Judith Poucher Julia Andrew Julia Monticello Julian C. Chambliss Julius Wayne Reitz June Sellers Karen Graves Kathryn Paulson Kathy Marsh Kevin Mixon Killer Tracks Kim Oliva Kip Piper Lamar Bledsoe Larry King Lawrence Dietrich Lawrence Harvey Zeiger Learning Institute for Elders Lee L. Foster Leo C. Jones lesbians LGBT LIFE Linda Maddocks Lisa Mills Lisa Soros Logan Kriete Love Your Shorts Film Festival Marie Cassanello Mark Howard Long Mark Long masochism mental disorders mental illness mental illnesses Metropolitan Community Church of St. Augustine Miami Michael Calderin Michael Greenspan Modern Music Masters Monica Monticello movies NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People necrophilia Newsweek orange juices oranges orlando Orlando Film Festival Out & Proud Veterans of American Out Twin Cities Film Festival Panama City parades Patrick Fenelson Paul Fasana perversion piquerism psychiatric disorders psychopathy pyromania Rachell Cappellini Rafael Sanchez Red Scare Richard O. Mitchell RICHES of Central Florida Robert Cassanello Robert Lupo Robert Williams Ruth Jensen Ruth Jensen-Forbell sadism Satu Lamarca Seminole State College sex crimes Shay Cambre Sheridan Square short films SSC St. Augustine St. Petersburg Stanley Wheeler Starke State of Florida state senators Steve Crowley Stonewall Inn Stonewall National Museum & Archives Stonewall Riots Stuart students Suncoast Emmy Award Sylvana Fernández Tallahassee Tallahassee Bus Boycott Tallahassee Police Department teachers Terri Williams The Committee Thomas Cappellini Tim Reid Timothy Brown Timothy George Brown Toronto Canada Travis Pilch Tri-M Club U.S. Supreme Court UCF UCF Burnett Honors College UCF Center for Distributed Learning UCF Department of Film UCF Department of History UCF Office of Instructional Resources UCF Office of LGBTQ Services UCF Office of Undergraduate Research UF UF Police Department universities university University of Central Florida University of Florida Vecruse Wellesley Street Williams E. Owens witch hunts Yonge Street https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7d256483c6b61fce3b2eda19996640aa.jpg 7ec1d43cb138157812a59fe5742f10c7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection Alternative Title Bethune Foundation Collection Subject Daytona Beach (Fla.) Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955 Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records from the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation located on the Bethune-Cookman University campus at 640 Doctor Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. The foundation was established on March 17, 1953, as "a place to awaken people and to have them realize that there is something in the world they can do." The foundation is housed in the Mary McLeod Bethune Home, which was inhabited by educator and civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955). Also known as "The Retreat," the home was built by African American A. B. Raddick around 1905. In 1913, chemist James Norris Gamble and Thomas White of White Sewing Machine Company, purchased the home for Bethune. On December 2, 1974, the historic house was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2006, the museum closed for renovation and conservation. It reopened in April of 2011. Contributor <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/75" target="_blank">Volusia County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/80" target="_blank">Daytona Beach Collection</a>, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Daytona Beach, Florida Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html" target="_blank">About Us</a>." Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Bethune-Cookman University. http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html. "<a href="http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building" target="_blank">Bethune (Mary Mcleod) Home</a>." National Historic Landmarks Program, National Park Service. http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 autographed black and white photographic print Physical Dimensions 8 x 10 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Willa Beatrice Brown Chappell Alternative Title Willa Brown Subject Brown, Willa, 1906-1992 Aviators Pilots and pilotage--United States Description A portrait of Willa Beatrice Brown Chappell, which is housed at the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, located at 640 Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. Chappell was the first African-American woman in the United States to earn a commercial pilots license and the first black female officer in the Civil Air Patrol. Brown was born on January 22, 1906, in Glasgow, Kentucky. She graduated from the Indiana State Teachers College in 1927 and received a Master's of Business Administration from Northwestern University in Chicago, Illinois, in 1937. After pursuing careers in education and social work, she later decided to take flying lessons from Cornelius R. Coffey, who she would later marry. The couple co-founded the Coffey School of Aeronautics at Harlem Airport in Chicago. Brown, Coffey, and Enoch P. Waters also established the National Airmen's Association of America in 1939. The NAAA's main objective was to persuade the United States military to allow black aviation cadets. As an equal rights activist, Coffey lobbied the government for the integration of the Army Air Corps and the Civilian Pilot Training Program. Congress later voted to allow "separate but equal" participation in civilian flight training programs, designating the Coffey School as the facilitator of the African-American program. Brown became the coordinator for the CPTP in Chicago and the Coffey School later provided training for the Tuskegee Airmen. Brown also served the Civil Aeronautics Authority as a coordinator and the Federal Aviation Administration's Women's Advisory Board as a member. She died on July 18, 1992. Type Still Image Source Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print: Sun room, image 66, <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/76" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection</a>, Daytona Beach Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print. Coverage Chicago, Illinois Date Created ca. 1906-1943 Date Modified 1943-06-09 Format image/jpg Extent 184 KB Medium 8 x 10 inch autographed black and white photographic print Language eng Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.blackpast.org/aah/brown-willa-b-1906-1992" target="_blank">Brown, Willa B. (1906-1992)</a>." BlackPast.org. http://www.blackpast.org/aah/brown-willa-b-1906-1992. Hine, Darlene Clark, Elsa Barkley Brown, and Rosalyn Terborg-Penn. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27010987" target="_blank">Black Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia</a>. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Carlson Pub, 1993. academy activist African American Army Air Corps aviation aviator Brown, Willa Beatrice CAA CAP Chappell, Willa Beatrice Brown Civil Aeronautics Authority Civil Air Patrol civil rights Civilian Pilot Training Program Cornelius Coffey School of Aeronautics CPTP equal rights FAAA Federal Aviation Administration Federal Aviation Administration's Women's Advisory Board flight training NAA National Airmen's Association of America pilot training Willa Beatrice Brown Chappell Coffey https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d1440f9d9225bd60480cffc3999721e3.jpg ea9cc95cc4073a95d1fe94313259901f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection Alternative Title Bethune Foundation Collection Subject Daytona Beach (Fla.) Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955 Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records from the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation located on the Bethune-Cookman University campus at 640 Doctor Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. The foundation was established on March 17, 1953, as "a place to awaken people and to have them realize that there is something in the world they can do." The foundation is housed in the Mary McLeod Bethune Home, which was inhabited by educator and civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955). Also known as "The Retreat," the home was built by African American A. B. Raddick around 1905. In 1913, chemist James Norris Gamble and Thomas White of White Sewing Machine Company, purchased the home for Bethune. On December 2, 1974, the historic house was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2006, the museum closed for renovation and conservation. It reopened in April of 2011. Contributor <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/75" target="_blank">Volusia County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/80" target="_blank">Daytona Beach Collection</a>, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Daytona Beach, Florida Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html" target="_blank">About Us</a>." Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Bethune-Cookman University. http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html. "<a href="http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building" target="_blank">Bethune (Mary Mcleod) Home</a>." National Historic Landmarks Program, National Park Service. http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 autographed black and white photographic print Physical Dimensions 8 x 10 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Dr. John Hope Alternative Title Dr. John Hope Subject Hope, John, 1868-1936 Educators--Georgia Civil rights--Southern States Description An autographed portrait of Dr. John Hope, which is housed at the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, located at 640 Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. Dr. Hope was born in Augusta, Georgia, on June 2, 1868. He is well-known as an African-American educator and activist. He earned his college degrees at Worcester Academy in Worcester, Massachusetts, and Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. Dr. Hope became the first African-American president of two colleges in Atlanta, Georgia: Atlanta Baptist College (present-day Morehouse College) in 1906 and Atlanta University (present-day Clark Atlanta University) in 1929. He was also active in a number of civil rights organizations, including the Niagara Movement, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and the Commission on Interracial Cooperation. Type Still Image Source Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print: Sun room, image 107, <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/76" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection</a>, Daytona Beach Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print. Coverage Atlanta Baptist College, Atlanta, Georgia Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida Date Created ca. 1868-1936 Format image/jpg Extent 268 KB Medium 8 x 10 inch autographed black and white photographic print Language eng Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference Davis, Leroy. "<a href="http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/education/john-hope-1868-1936" target="_blank">John Hope (1868-1936)</a>." New Georgia Encyclopedia, April 1, 2003. http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/education/john-hope-1868-1936. activist Atlanta Baptist College Atlanta University Atlanta, Georgia civil rights Clark Atlanta University college educator John Hope Morehouse College NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People teacher university https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6cb2485dc693419d023ad73e7d293587.jpg 24a5f589852dd8155e17b859761bcba2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection Alternative Title Bethune Foundation Collection Subject Daytona Beach (Fla.) Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955 Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records from the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation located on the Bethune-Cookman University campus at 640 Doctor Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. The foundation was established on March 17, 1953, as "a place to awaken people and to have them realize that there is something in the world they can do." The foundation is housed in the Mary McLeod Bethune Home, which was inhabited by educator and civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955). Also known as "The Retreat," the home was built by African American A. B. Raddick around 1905. In 1913, chemist James Norris Gamble and Thomas White of White Sewing Machine Company, purchased the home for Bethune. On December 2, 1974, the historic house was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2006, the museum closed for renovation and conservation. It reopened in April of 2011. Contributor <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/75" target="_blank">Volusia County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/80" target="_blank">Daytona Beach Collection</a>, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Daytona Beach, Florida Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html" target="_blank">About Us</a>." Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Bethune-Cookman University. http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html. "<a href="http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building" target="_blank">Bethune (Mary Mcleod) Home</a>." National Historic Landmarks Program, National Park Service. http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 autographed black and white photographic print Physical Dimensions 8 x 10 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hubert Thomas Delany Alternative Title Hubert Thomas Delany Subject Delany, Hubert T. Judges--New York (State) Civil rights--New York (State) Description An autographed portrait of Hubert Thomas Delany, which is housed at the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, located at 640 Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. Delaney is best known as the first African-American Tax Commissioner of New York and one of the first black judges appointed in New York City, New York. He was born in Raleigh, North Carolina, on May 11, 1901. Delaney graduate from the City College of New York in 1923. In 1926, he earned a law degree from New York University School of Law, where he was a member of the Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity, the first Greek fraternity founded by African Americans. Delaney was a board member for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and was also vice president of the NAACP Legal and Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. In addition, he advised a number of civil rights activists, including Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.; Adam Clayton Powell, Jr.; and Langston Hughes. He died on December 28, 1990, in Manhattan, New York. Type Still Image Source Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print: Sun room, image 101, <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/76" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection</a>, Daytona Beach Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print. Coverage New York City, New York Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida Date Created ca. 1901-1990 Format image/jpg Extent 323 KB Medium 8 x 10 inch autographed black and white photographic print Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference Biondi, Martha. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/607866976" target="_blank">To Stand and Fight The Struggle for Civil Rights in Postwar New York City</a>. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2003. activist Assistant U.S. Attorney civil rights Hubert Thomas Delaney judge NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People New York City, New York tax commissioner Tax Commissioner of New York https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/44b684cc6dbce3731b49783189b3bbe5.jpg cad344240d36b521ca3013e51bd4e886 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection Alternative Title Bethune Foundation Collection Subject Daytona Beach (Fla.) Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955 Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records from the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation located on the Bethune-Cookman University campus at 640 Doctor Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. The foundation was established on March 17, 1953, as "a place to awaken people and to have them realize that there is something in the world they can do." The foundation is housed in the Mary McLeod Bethune Home, which was inhabited by educator and civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955). Also known as "The Retreat," the home was built by African American A. B. Raddick around 1905. In 1913, chemist James Norris Gamble and Thomas White of White Sewing Machine Company, purchased the home for Bethune. On December 2, 1974, the historic house was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2006, the museum closed for renovation and conservation. It reopened in April of 2011. Contributor <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/75" target="_blank">Volusia County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/80" target="_blank">Daytona Beach Collection</a>, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Daytona Beach, Florida Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html" target="_blank">About Us</a>." Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Bethune-Cookman University. http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html. "<a href="http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building" target="_blank">Bethune (Mary Mcleod) Home</a>." National Historic Landmarks Program, National Park Service. http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 autographed black and white photographic print Physical Dimensions 8 x 10 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Eugene Kinckle Jones Alternative Title Eugene Kinckle Jones Subject Jones, Eugene Kinckle, 1885-1954 Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Civil rights--Southern States National Urban League Description An autographed portrait of Eugene Kinckle Jones, which is housed at the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, located at 640 Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. Jones was born on July 30, 1885, in Richmond, Virginia. While attending Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, in 1906, Jones, along with six other students, founded the Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity. He served as the chapter's second president and organized the fraternity's first three chapters to branch out from the school: Beta at Howard University in Washington, D.C.; Gamma at Virginia Union University in Richmond; and the original Delta chapter at the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario, Canada (present-day Huston-Tillotson University). Jones later became an organizer for the National Urban League, and then founded the Boston Urban League in 1917. The following year, he became the NUL's first Executive Secretary and stayed in that position until he retired in 1941. Under Jones' guidance, the League implemented boycotts broke down barriers to equal employment opportunities for African Americans in the 1920s and 1930s. He also served in President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Black Cabinet, which advised the President on race issues. Jones died on January 11, 1954, in Flushing, Queens, New York. Type Still Image Source Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print: Sun room, image 114, <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/76" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection</a>, Daytona Beach Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print. Coverage Boston, Massachusetts Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida Date Created ca. 1885-1938 Date Modified 1938-06-27 Format image/jpg Extent 274 KB Medium 8 x 10 inch autographed black and white photographic print Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference "<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20070809021808/http://www.nul.org/history.html" target="_blank">History of the National Urban League</a>." National Urban League. http://web.archive.org/web/20070809021808/http://www.nul.org/history.html. "<a href="http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/alpha/sevenjewels/sevenjewels_3.html" target="_blank">Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity: A Centennial Celebration: The Seven Jewels: Students, Then Brothers</a>." Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternit. http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/alpha/sevenjewels/sevenjewels_3.html. Wesley, Charles H. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4227432" target="_blank">The History of Alpha Phi Alpha: A Development in Negro College Life</a>. Washington, D.C.: Foundation Publishers, Howard University, 1948. activist Black Cabinet Boston Urban League Boston, Massachusetts civil rights Cornell University Eugene Kinckle Jones fraternity Ithaca, New York National Urban League NUL https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c94fe5036f09e5b8af8f8070740a25d5.jpg df227505c6aa902af7b2214963642d3b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection Alternative Title Bethune Foundation Collection Subject Daytona Beach (Fla.) Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955 Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records from the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation located on the Bethune-Cookman University campus at 640 Doctor Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. The foundation was established on March 17, 1953, as "a place to awaken people and to have them realize that there is something in the world they can do." The foundation is housed in the Mary McLeod Bethune Home, which was inhabited by educator and civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955). Also known as "The Retreat," the home was built by African American A. B. Raddick around 1905. In 1913, chemist James Norris Gamble and Thomas White of White Sewing Machine Company, purchased the home for Bethune. On December 2, 1974, the historic house was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2006, the museum closed for renovation and conservation. It reopened in April of 2011. Contributor <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/75" target="_blank">Volusia County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/80" target="_blank">Daytona Beach Collection</a>, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Daytona Beach, Florida Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html" target="_blank">About Us</a>." Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Bethune-Cookman University. http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html. "<a href="http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building" target="_blank">Bethune (Mary Mcleod) Home</a>." National Historic Landmarks Program, National Park Service. http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 autographed black and white photographic print Physical Dimensions 8 x 10 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Asa Philip Randolph Alternative Title Asa Philip Randolph Subject Randolph, A. Philip (Asa Philip), 1889-1979 Civil rights--Southern States Cookman Institute (Jacksonville, Fla.) March on Washington Movement (Organization) Civil rights movements--New York (State)--New York March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom (1963 : Washington, D.C.) Description An autographed portrait of Asa Philip Randolph, which is housed at the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, located at 640 Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. Randolph was born in Crescent City, Florida, on April 15, 1889. In 1891, his family moved to Jacksonville, where Randolph later attended Cookman Institute, the only academic high school in Florida available to African Americans. He graduated in 1907 and migrated to New York City, New York, in 1911. Randolph spent the rest of his life as a leader in the Civil Rights Movement, the labor movement, and in various socialist parties. Some of his most notable accomplishments include organizing the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP) in 1925, leading the March on Washington Movement (MOWM) of 1941-1946, and heading the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963. His organizations were responsible for convincing President Franklin Delano Roosevel to issue Executive Order 8802, which banned discrimination in defense industries, in 1941; pressuring President Harry S. Truman to issue Executive Order 9981, which ended segregation in the United States Armed Forces, in 1948; and inspuring the Freedom Budget (also known as the Randolph Freedom Budget), which focused on solving economic problems specific to the African-American community. Type Still Image Source Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print: Sun room, image 12, <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/76" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection</a>, Daytona Beach Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print. Coverage Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida Date Created ca. 1889-1979 Format image/jpg Extent 183 KB Medium 8 x 10 inch autographed black and white photographic print Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference Holt, Rackham. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/711061" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune: A Biography</a>. 1964. "<a href="http://ncnw.org/about/index.htm" target="_blank">About Us</a>." National Council of Negro Women, Inc. http://ncnw.org/about/index.htm. Pfeffer, Paula F. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47008060" target="_blank">A. Philip Randolph, Pioneer of the Civil Rights Movement</a>. Baton Rouge, La: Louisiana State University Press, 1996. Bynum, Cornelius L. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/702844583" target="_blank">A. Philip Randolph and the Struggle for Civil Rights</a>. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2010. activist Asa Philip Randolph Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters BSCP civil rights Civil Rights Movement Cookman Institute Crescent City Freedom Budget Great March on Washington Jacksonville labor labor movement labor union March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom March on Washington Movement MOWM Randolph Freedom Budget socialism socialist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d4b65fd95f34669b460902cdaa6d80fa.jpg 5c5b5e09c358758b9ae465058a80a398 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection Alternative Title Bethune Foundation Collection Subject Daytona Beach (Fla.) Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955 Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records from the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation located on the Bethune-Cookman University campus at 640 Doctor Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. The foundation was established on March 17, 1953, as "a place to awaken people and to have them realize that there is something in the world they can do." The foundation is housed in the Mary McLeod Bethune Home, which was inhabited by educator and civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955). Also known as "The Retreat," the home was built by African American A. B. Raddick around 1905. In 1913, chemist James Norris Gamble and Thomas White of White Sewing Machine Company, purchased the home for Bethune. On December 2, 1974, the historic house was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2006, the museum closed for renovation and conservation. It reopened in April of 2011. Contributor <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/75" target="_blank">Volusia County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/80" target="_blank">Daytona Beach Collection</a>, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Daytona Beach, Florida Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html" target="_blank">About Us</a>." Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Bethune-Cookman University. http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html. "<a href="http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building" target="_blank">Bethune (Mary Mcleod) Home</a>." National Historic Landmarks Program, National Park Service. http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 autographed black and white photographic print Physical Dimensions 8 x 10 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Anna Eleanor Roosevelt Alternative Title Eleanor Roosevelt Subject Roosevelt, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, 1884-1962 First ladies (United States) Feminists--United States Description An autographed portrait of Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, which is housed at the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, located at 640 Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. Roosevelt was born on October 11, 1884, in New York City, New York, and was commonly known by her middle name, Eleanor. Roosevelt is best known as the First Lady of the United States (FLOTUS) for her husband, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who served from March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945. Before coming to Washington, D.C., she served as the First Lady of New York from 1929 to 1932, when her husband was Governor. Roosevelt's activity while First Lady was controversial at the time, but she has since become respected for her activism on a number topics, including race relations, women's roles in the workplace, civil rights for African Americans and Asian Americans, and the rights of World War II refugees. She also arranged from the appointment of Dr. Mary Jane McLeod Bethune as Director of the Division of Negro Affairs of the National Youth Administration (NYA). Dr. Bethune presented Roosevelt with an honorary degree from her college, Bethune-Cookman College in Daytona Beach, Florida, on March 19, 1953. Following her husband's death, Roosevelt continued her political career as the first Chair of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights (UNCHR) from 1956 to 1951, Representative to the UNCHR from 1947 to 1953, Delegate to the UN General Assembly (UNGA) from 1946 to 1952, and Chairwoman of the Presidential Commission on the Status of Women from 1961 to 1962. Roosevelt died on November 7, 1962, in Manhattan in New York City. Type Still Image Source Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print: Sun room, image 27, <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/76" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection</a>, Daytona Beach Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print. Coverage White House, Washington, D.C. Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida Date Created ca. 1903-1962 Format image/jpg Extent 288 KB Medium 8 x 10 inch autographed black and white photographic print Language eng Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference Roosevelt, Eleanor. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/241967" target="_blank">The Autobiography of Eleanor Roosevelt</a>. New York: Harper &amp Brothers, 1961. Stille, Darlene R., and Reed Sprunger. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796001996" target="_blank">Eleanor Roosevelt: First Lady and Civil Rights Activist</a>. Minneapolis, MN: Magic Wagon, 2013. activist Anna Eleanor Roosevelt Chairman of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights civil rights equal rights feminism feminist First Lady First Lady of New York First Lady of the United States First Lady of the World FLONY FLOTUS PCSW Presidential Commission on the Status of Women UN UNCHR UNGA United Nations United Nations Commission on Human Rights United Nations General Assembly women's rights https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e1313a3832b44a21c42ce2db757ba32a.jpg e1ee603d50caa900a332379feff4fa00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection Alternative Title Bethune Foundation Collection Subject Daytona Beach (Fla.) Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955 Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records from the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation located on the Bethune-Cookman University campus at 640 Doctor Mary McLeod Bethune Boulevard in Daytona Beach, Florida. The foundation was established on March 17, 1953, as "a place to awaken people and to have them realize that there is something in the world they can do." The foundation is housed in the Mary McLeod Bethune Home, which was inhabited by educator and civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955). Also known as "The Retreat," the home was built by African American A. B. Raddick around 1905. In 1913, chemist James Norris Gamble and Thomas White of White Sewing Machine Company, purchased the home for Bethune. On December 2, 1974, the historic house was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2006, the museum closed for renovation and conservation. It reopened in April of 2011. Contributor <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/75" target="_blank">Volusia County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/80" target="_blank">Daytona Beach Collection</a>, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Daytona Beach, Florida Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html" target="_blank">About Us</a>." Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Bethune-Cookman University. http://www.cookman.edu/foundation/about_us.html. "<a href="http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building" target="_blank">Bethune (Mary Mcleod) Home</a>." National Historic Landmarks Program, National Park Service. http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1428&ResourceType=Building. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 black and white photographic print Physical Dimensions 8 x 10 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Dr. Mary Jane McLeod Bethune Alternative Title Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Subject Bethune, Mary Jane McLeod, 1875-1955 Educators--Florida Bethune-Cookman College (Daytona Beach, Fla.) Civil rights--Florida Description Dr. Mary Jane McLeod Bethune, the founder of Bethune-Cookman College in Daytona Beach, Florida. Dr. Bethune was born in Mayesville, South Carolina, on July 10, 1875. In October of 1904, she founded the Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls. In 1923, the school merged with the Cookman Institute of Jacksonville and then became affiliated with the Methodist Church the following year. The school served as a co-educational high school until 1931 when it became a junior college. In 1941, the school was accredited as a four-year college and was renamed Bethune-Cookman College. Dr. Bethune served as the college president from 1923 to 1942 and again from 1946 to 1947. Dr. Bethune was also active in civil rights and women's rights. She founded the Southeastern Federation of Colored Women's Clubs (SFCWC) in 1920. She also campaigned for President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1932 and was offered a position in his Black Cabinet after he won the election. Dr. Bethune died in Daytona Beach on May 18, 1955. Type Still Image Source Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print: <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a>, Daytona Beach, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/76" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection</a>, Daytona Beach Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print. Coverage Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Mary McLeod Bethune Home, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, Florida Creator Sykes Photo Date Created ca. 1920-1955 Format image/jpg Extent 197 KB Medium 8 x 10 inch black and white photographic print Language eng Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cookman.edu/about_BCU/history/index.html" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2471" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 19: The Home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2471. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2493" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 40: Bethune Cookman University Founding</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2493. Hanson, Joyce Ann. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51060235" target="_blank">Mary McLeod Bethune &amp</a> Black Women's Political Activism. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003. Long, Nancy Ann Zrinyi. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57363897" target="_blank">The Life and Legacy of Mary McLeod Bethune</a>. Cocoa, Fla: Florida Historical Society Press, 2004. activist Alpha Chi Pi Omega B-CC Bethune-Cookman College civil rights Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls educators Mary Jane McLeod Bethune National Council of Negro Women NCNW Sykes Photo teachers https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fc0b03b0b109668df41bdde20711f9ae.jpg 2443ccda37e01804c91f87da5005b466 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Citizens in Action Alternative Title Oviedo Citizens in Action Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Civil rights--Florida Civil rights movements--Florida Equal rights African Americans--Florida Description Oviedo Citizens in Action (OCIA) at the Oviedo School in Oviedo, Florida, around 1969. OCIA is a community organization that fought for equal and civil rights within the Greater Oviedo area. The group helped to desegregate a number of local businesses, including a barbershop, through non-violent protest. Although the OCIA is a predominantly African-American organization, the organization also includes members of all races. The still organizes today and is lead by President Danny McKinney, as of 2015. Type Still Image Source Original newspaper photograph: The Sanford Herald: Private Collection of Ida Boston. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper photograph: The Sanford Herald. Coverage Oviedo School, Oviedo, Florida Publisher <a href="http://mysanfordherald.com/" target="_blank">The Sanford Herald</a> Contributor Boston, Ida Date Created 1969 Date Issued 1969 Date Copyrighted 1969 Format image/jpg Extent 78 KB Medium 1 newspaper photograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally published by <a href="http://mysanfordherald.com/" target="_blank">The Sanford Herald</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://mysanfordherald.com/" target="_blank">The Sanford Herald</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Dossie, Porsha Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Ida Boston External Reference Horner, Desta. "<a href="http://cmfmedia.org/2013/07/oviedo-and-jim-crow/" target="_blank">Oviedo and Jim Crow</a>." Issues and Voices that Matter. http://cmfmedia.org/2013/07/oviedo-and-jim-crow/. African American civil rights Civil Rights Movement equal rights OCIA Oviedo Oviedo Citizens in Action Oviedo School school The Sanford Herald https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1b0ca7b267bd0da0c01d9e5851bf9f56.pdf 657461cfd74c12dc2ae5114fd8e4527d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Dossie, Porsh Interviewee Boston, Ida Location Oviedo, Florida Original Format 1 audio/video recording Duration 15 minutes and 38 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 127kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Ida Boston Alternative Title Oral History, Boston Subject Oral history--United States Oviedo (Fla.) Education--Florida Schools Churches--Florida Baptists--Florida Segregation--Florida Cemeteries--Florida Graveyards Civil rights--Florida Description An oral history of Ida Boston, conducted by Porsha Dossie on April 18, 2015. Boston is a resident of Oviedo, Florida, and a retired school bus driver for the Seminole County Public Schools. In 1956, she married her husband, Russell Boston, who is the grandson of Prince Butler Boston, a leading figure in Oviedo's black community. In this oral history, Boston discusses the legacy of Prince Butler Boston, establishing a colored cemetery, funding colored schools in the Oviedo area, and the Antioch Missionary Baptist Church. Boston also discusses black life in Oviedo, including membership in the Oviedo Citizens in Action Committee (OCIAC), which desegregated public places in Oviedo and fought for integration of Oviedo's schools. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:01:08 Prince Butler Boston and the Boston Family 0:04:17 Married life 0:05:46 History Harvest 0:07:51 Oviedo Citizens in Action Committee 0:10:47 Black life in Seminole County 0:13:24 Boston Hill Cemetery and Antioch Missionary Baptist Church 0:15:20 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Ida Boston. Interview conducted by Porsha Dossie at the <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> in Oviedo, Florida, on April 18, 2015. Type Moving Image Source Boston, Ida. Interviewed by Porsha Dossie, April 18, 2015. Audio/video record available. Oviedo History Harvest, <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a> <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Has Format 10-page digital transcript of original 15-minute and 38-second oral history: Boston, Ida. Interviewed by Porsha Dossie, April 18, 2015. Audio/video record available. Oviedo History Harvest, <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Coverage Oviedo Colored School, Oviedo, Florida Antioch Missionary Baptist Church, Oviedo, Florida Home of the Boston Family, Oviedo, Florida Home of Prince Butler Boston, Oviedo, Florida Boston Hill Cemetery, Oviedo, Florida Creator Boston, Ida Dossie, Porsha Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2015-04-18 Date Copyrighted 2015-04-18 Format video/mp4 application/pdf Extent 462 MB 141 KB Medium 15-minute and 38-second audio/video recording 10-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Ida Boston and Porsha Dossie and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Dossie, Porsha Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference Robinson, Jim. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1989-02-02/news/8902030156_1_oviedo-grove-boston" target="_blank">Boston's dedication bears fruit in community, citrus industry</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, February 2, 1989. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1989-02-02/news/8902030156_1_oviedo-grove-boston. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/iUjvhmIEORY" target="_blank">Oral History of Ida Boston</a> Academy Place African American agriculture Alexander Atkinson Antioch Missionary Baptist Church Baptist barber barbershop Boston Alley Boston Hill Cemetery Boston Street bus bus driver Butler Boston Project Canterbury Retreat carpenter cemetery church citrus City of Oviedo civil rights Civil Rights Movement desegregation Division Street doctor drugstore education equal rights farmer farming First United Methodist Church of Oviedo graveyard grower Henry Jackson Ida Boston integration Jackson Heights Elementary School Jackson Heights Middle School James Bordy Joseph Boston Julia Boston Lake Gem Lindsay Lane Little Red School House nonviolent resistance OCIAC OHS oral history orange Oviedo Oviedo Citizens in Action Oviedo Colored School Oviedo High School physician plantation Porsha Dossie Prince Butler Atkinson Prince Butler Boston protest race relations racism Russell W. Boston Sanford school SCPS segregation Seminole County Seminole County Public Schools sit-down sit-in Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida Collection Alternative Title History of Central Florida Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Astor, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Fort King, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Miami, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Tavares, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Original Format 1 podcast Duration 12 minutes and 10 seconds Compression 136kbps Producer Cassanello, Robert Director Bethany, Dickens Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida, Episode 37: Uniforms Alternative Title Uniforms Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries United States. Army Women's Army Corps (U.S.) Women--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Daytona Beach (Fla.) Description Episode 37 of A History of Central Florida Podcast: Uniforms. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 37 features a discussion of the Women's Army Corps (WAC) uniform displayed at the Halifax Historical Museum in Daytona Beach, Florida. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Tracy J. Revels of Wofford College and Dr. Leonard Lemple of Daytona State College. Type Moving Image Source Original 12-minute and 10-second podcast by Bethany Dickens, 2013: RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida. <a href="http://youtu.be/RjOg09aeokc" target="_blank">http://youtu.be/RjOg09aeokc</a>. Requires <a href="http://www.apple.com/itunes/affiliates/download/" target="_blank">iTunes</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Halifax Historical Museum, Daytona Beach, Florida Creator Bethany, Dickens Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Revels, Tracy J. Lemple, Leonard Cassanello, Robert Clarke, Bob Ford, Chip Gibson, Ella Hazen, Kendra Kelley, Katie Velásquez, Daniel <a href="http://halifaxhistorical.org/" target="_blank">Halifax Historical Museum</a> <a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a> <a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/" target="_blank">Florida Memory Project</a> <a href="http://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives and Records Administration</a> Date Created 2013 Date Issued 2015-01-11 Date Copyrighted 2015-01-11 Format application/website Medium 12-minute and 10-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Bethany Dickens and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://youtu.be/RjOg09aeokc" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 37: Uniforms</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. Williams, Vera S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36949896" target="_blank">WACs: Women's Army Corps</a>. Osceola, Wis: Motorbooks International, 1997. Holm, Jeanne. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8588924" target="_blank">Women in the Military: An Unfinished Revolution</a>. Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1982. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/RjOg09aeokc" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 37: Uniforms</a> A History of Central Florida African American Albright, Helen Army Beach Street Bethune-Cookman College Bethune, Mary McLeod civil rights Civil War Clarke, Bob coat Daytona Beach Daytona State College desegregaiton Dickens, Bethany DSC Ford, Chip Gibson, Ella Great Depression Halifax Historical Museum Hazen, Kendra Hobby, Oveta Culp Howard, Alice integration Iowa Jewish Jewish American Kelley, Katie Lemple, Leonard liberty Ship nurse OCRHC Orange County Regional History Center pilot podcast race relations Raymond, H. H. recruitment Redondo Beach, California Revels, Tracy J. RICHES Robert Cassanello Roosevelt, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delanor segregation service industry souvenir patch St. Petersburg St. Regis Restaurant tourism training Tyndall Field U.S. Armed Forces U.S. Army uniform Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California Velásquez, Daniel WAAC WAC war effort Wofford College women Women's Army Auxiliary Corps Women's Army Corps women's rights Works Progress Administration World War I World War II WPA WWI WWII Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida Collection Alternative Title History of Central Florida Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Astor, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Fort King, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Miami, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Tavares, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Original Format 1 podcast Duration 13 minutes and 36 seconds Compression 137kbps Producer Cassanello, Robert Director Kelley, Katie Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida, Episode 40: Icons of Hate Alternative Title Icons of Hate Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Ku Klux Klan (1915- )--Florida--History Moore, Harry T., -1951 Racism--Florida--History Civil rights--Florida Civil Rights Movement Civil rights movements--Florida Mims (Fla.) Description Episode 40 of A History of Central Florida Podcast: Icons of Hate. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 40 features a discussion of the Ku Klux Klan in Florida and their involvement in the murder of the African-American civil rights activist Harry Tyson Moore and his wife, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore. This podcast also includes interviews with Michael Newton, author of The Invisible Empire: The Ku Klux Klan in Florida, and Ben Green, the author of Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 13-minute and 36-second podcast by Katie Kelley, 2013: RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida. <a href="http://youtu.be/v9NsFcxNZW8" target="_blank">http://youtu.be/v9NsFcxNZW8</a>. Requires <a href="http://www.apple.com/itunes/affiliates/download/" target="_blank">iTunes</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Orange County Regional History Center, Orlando, Florida Harry & Harriette Moore Memorial Park, Mims, Florida Creator Kelley, Katie Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Newton, Michael Green, Ben Cassanello, Robert Dickens, Bethany Clarke, Bob Ford, Chip Gibson, Ella Hazen, Kendra Velásquez, Daniel <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://www.harryharriettemoore.org/%20target=">Harry & Harriette Moore Memorial Park</a> <a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/" target="_blank">Florida Memory Project</a> <a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a> Date Created 2013 Date Issued 2015-01-11 Date Copyrighted 2015-01-11 Format application/website Medium 13-minute and 36-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Katie Kelley and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://youtu.be/v9NsFcxNZW8" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 40: Icons of Hate</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 35: Harry T. Moore, Part 1</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 36: Harry T. Moore, Part 2</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2463" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 11: Harry T. Moore: An Interview with Dr. Jim Clark</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2463. Newton, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47136480" target="_blank">The Invisible Empire: The Ku Klux Klan in Florida</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. Green, Ben. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40403600" target="_blank">Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr</a>. New York, NY: Free Press, 1999. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/v9NsFcxNZW8" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 40: Icons of Hate</a> 1st Avenue A History of Central Florida African American assassination Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr bomb Central Boulevard Chamberlain, J. N. Christmas civil rights civil rights activist Civil Rights Movement Civil War Clarke, Bob Confederacy Confederate Flag Confederate States of American Confederate veteran Democrat Democratic Party desegregation Dixon, Thomas Evers, Medgar Wiley First Avenue Flagler Street Ford, Chip fraternal organization Freedom Avenue Gibson, Ella Greater Miami Estates Green, Ben Griffith, D. W. Harry and Harriette Moore Memorial Park Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex hate group Hazen, Kendra Hialeah Riding Academy Hughes, Langston Imperial Wizard integration Kelley, Katie Kendall Road King, Martin Luther, Jr. KKK Klan Circus Klan robe Krome Avenue Ku Klux Klan Ku Klux Klan of Florida, Inc. Meacher Brothers Miami Mims Moore, Harriette V. Moore, Harry T. murder NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Newton, Michael OCRHC orange county Orange County Regional History Center orlando parade podcast poem political rally race relations racism Reconstruction RICHES Robert Cassanello segregation Simmons, William Joseph slave slavery South Southern Democrat Spingarn Medal St. Johns Manor terrorism terrorist The Ballad of Harry Moore The Birth of a Nation The Invisible Empire: The Ku Klux Klan in Florida Velásquez, Daniel veteran Vigilante vigilantism White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan White League white power World War I WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/61afbab29e1c782c5c275d00aa526a27.pdf bc3a1254a045c2f94ca80ba04218df8b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida Collection Alternative Title History of Central Florida Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Astor, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Fort King, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Miami, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Tavares, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Original Format 1 podcast Duration 14 minutes and 16 seconds Compression 135kbps Producer Cassanello, Robert Director Stapleton, Kevin Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida, Episode 42: Jim Crow Signs Alternative Title Jim Crow Signs Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Eatonville (Fla.) African Americans--Florida--Sanford Sanford (Fla.) African Americans--Segregation--Florida Desegregation Description Episode 42 of A History of Central Florida podcasts: Jim Crow Signs. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 42 features a discussion of racial segregation signs used in the Jim Crow South, which are housed at the Orange County Regional History Center in Orlando, Florida. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright of Seminole State College and Dr. Julian C. Chambliss of Rollins College. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:01:52 The Jim Crow South 0:02:35 Origins of racial segregation 0:04:24 Origins of “Jim Crow” 0:05:08 Segregation in practice 0:07:07 African-American communities and business districts 0:09:09 Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka and desegregation 0:11:12 Desegregating schools 0:11:59 African-American communities post-segregation 0:14:58 Conclusion 0:15:21 Credits Type Moving Image Source Original 15-minute and 48-second podcast by Kevin Stapleton, 2015: RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida. <a href="http://youtu.be/wvzC9ergWHg" target="_blank">http://youtu.be/wvzC9ergWHg</a>. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a> Application software, such as <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES. Coverage Orange County Regional History Center, Orlando, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida Eatonville, Orlando, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Derns Elementary School, Orange County, Florida Durrance Elementary School, Orlando, Florida Creator Stapleton, Kevin Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Stapleton, Kevin Wright, Stephen Caldwell Chambliss, Julian French, Scot Cassanello, Robert Ford, Chip Clarke, Bob Gibson, Ella Hazen, Kendra Kelley, Katie Velásquez, Daniel <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/" target="_blank">Florida Memory Project</a> <a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a> Date Created ca. 2015-03-30 Date Issued 2015-03-30 Date Copyrighted 2015-03-30 Format application/website Extent 75.1 MB 160 KB Medium 15-minute and 48-second podcast 9-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kevin Stapleton and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Raffel, Sara Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference Winsboro, Irvin D. S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/797855859" target="_blank">Old South, New South, or Down South?: Florida and the Modern Civil Rights Movement</a>. 2009. Colburn, David R., and Jane Landers. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48138716" target="_blank">The African American Heritage of Florida</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1995. Borman, Kathryn M., and Sherman Dorn. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/137526262" target="_blank">Education Reform in Florida Diversity and Equity in Public Policy</a>. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2007. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/RjOg09aeokc" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 42: Jim Crow Signs</a> Transcript A History of Central Florida Presented By RICHES OF CENTRAL FLORIDA ORANGE COUNTY REGIONAL HISTORY CENTER Smart. Surprising. Fun. A History of Central Florida RICHES OF CENTRAL FLORIDA PODCAST DOCUMENTARIES Stapleton Thank you for downloading this episode of A History of Central Florida podcast. This is the podcast where we explore Central Florida’s history through the artifacts found in local museums and historical societies. This series is brought to you by RICHES, the Regional Initiative to Collect the History, Experiences, and Stories of Central Florida, and the Orange County Regional History Center. ORANGE COUNTY REGIONAL HISTORY CENTER Smart. Surprising. Fun. Stapleton I am Kevin Stapleton, and I will be your host for this episode titled, “Jim Crow Signs.” Episode 42 Jim Crow Signs WHITE ONLY Stapleton As Central Florida grew in the late 19th century, urban centers like Orlando and Sanford, as well as smaller communities in the region, became racially segregated. Segregation was initially and tacitly supported by most white residents, and soon became the official policy supported by the state government, cities, and local communities in Florida and the rest of the South. In this episode, we will examine the artifacts of racial segregation in Orlando. WHITE ENTRANCE CIVIL RIGHTS Stapleton Signs denoting separate places for white and black residents had its origins in the late 19th century, as a way to remind African Americans of their second-class status. COLORED ENTRANCE Stapleton The same governments and legislatures—that only decades later granted citizenship and equal rights to blacks after slavery and the [American] Civil War—now gave sanction to the strict separation of the races. LINCOLN WITH MALICE TOWARD NONE WITH CHARITY FOR ALL. “Equal Rights Before the Law. The “Jim Crow” Street Car THE WAY IT WORKS IN [illegible] Stapleton These signs were colloquially known as “Jim Crow Signs,” which transmitted their social and cultural meaning as spaces or places of inferior status and accommodation. Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright was born in Sanford, Florida, and came of age during the height of the Civil Rights Movement. He tells us what Jim Crow meant. COLORED Wright Uh, Jim Crow was a system of segregation, essentially. Um, separate, uh, economic, political, social systems within a community and throughout the nation, and, uh, it simply meant, um, supposedly, “separate but equal” after a while, but somehow the “equal” got lost [laughs]. Stapleton Racial segregation came from a series of laws passed at the state and local level at the end of the 19th century. This cumulated with the 1896 U.S. Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson—that established that separate but equal facilities—was constitutional. Dr. Scot French, from the University of Central Florida, tells us about the philosophy behind these segregation laws. COLORED MEN Orange County Courthouse 1950s Restroom Sign French These signs are really a product of a system of racial control that replaced slavery. In the aftermath of, uh, Reconstruction, there was a lot of conflict, obviously, in the streets and in public places… COLORED ENTRANCE French And, uh, the politics of space became very personalized, and of course, this—this problem gets multiplied in the age of railroads when, uh, strangers are confronting one another in passenger cars, and there’s a real effort to control this population of free people, and to remind them of their place in society, and that place in the eyes of the powers that be, the—the white redeemers of the southern, uh, government and politics—their place was, uh, underneath the white man, that this was a white man’s country. After the Plessy decision, the Supreme Court decision which—well, made the—the—the principle of “separate but equal,” uh, the law of the land, there was en effort to begin to codify all of these practices in law to… COLORED ENTRANCE French Designate certain spaces as for colored and certain spaces as for white… WHITE ENTRANCE CIVIL RIGHTS French and the idea behind this was that it would keep black people and white people from brushing up against each other in ways that would lead to—to conflict. “Equal Rights Before the Law. The “Jim Crow” Street Car Stapleton The word “Jim Crow” originally came from African-American activists in the middle of the 19th century. African Americans used the term to describe the ways in which they were treated differently from whites in public accommodations and services. From then on, the name stuck. JIM CROW. [illegible] Stapleton Jim Crow was a blackface character, performed by white stage actors, during that time which portrayed blacks without human dignity or humanity through racist stereotypes. For African Americans, the system of racial segregation was part of that same dehumanizing legacy. DIRECTORY 1ST FLOOR COUNTY WELFARE DEPT WHITE WAITING ROOM 8 COLORED 6 COUNTY CLINIC 8 DISTRICT WELFARE BOARD INTAKE OFFICE Stapleton Even though according to the law and court decisions, separate was to be equal, it never was. “Separate” was only a way to reinforce difference. Dr. Wright tells us how he experienced segregation growing up in Central Florida. Wright Usually, there was a black section, um, if I remember correctly, uh, usually a smaller area, and usually more crowded than the larger so-called “white section,” and the black sections, uh—what were then called the “colored sections,” were not nearly as well-kept, and—and—and—and the like. That would be true in terms of the bathrooms, as well. For instance, I remember… COLORED Wright Um, in many instances, um, men and women shared the same bathroom, while in the other section, you’d have women and then men, uh, facilities. Uh, taking the bus was, um, notable, because it was understood that when you got on the bus you went to the back, and that was understood. There were no signs. The signs were the faces. The driver would, you know—knew that you were going to go to the back, and would give you a funny look if you sat too close up front, and that kind of thing. Not all of them, but some of them would. If you went downtown, and you were standing at the counter, then you knew that everybody else was going to be waited on, served before you. So you could be standing there, but if a person who was white walked up, then they would reach around you and just continually serve all of them, until they had gone. Then, they would serve you. Stapleton Although racial segregation translated to second-class citizenship for African Americans, it did not mean that residents of Central Florida stood idly by. 7UP BOO-BOO’S BAR TOWN& COUNTRY Stone’s[?] Stapleton African Americans founded their own businesses, churches, civic associations, and even towns. Local communities usually had a segregated downtown district, where African American businesses and residents lived. In Sanford, there was Georgetown; in Winter Park, there was Hannibal Square; and Parramore, on the west side of Downtown Orlando. African Americans even established entire incorporated towns, which elected black officials, such as Goldsboro, west of Sanford, and Eatonville, north of Orlando. Goldsboro eventually was absorbed into the City of Sanford in 1911, but Eatonville is one of the few black municipalities founded during this period that still exists. Dr. Julian [C.] Chambliss, from Rollins College, tells us about these black business districts that emerged out of racially segregated cities. THIS HOME IS FINANCED BY Washington Shores Federal Savings And Loan Association 715 GOLDWYN AVE. 293-7320 • ORLANDO Chambliss Well, segregation’s sort of unplanned, perhaps on some level, uh, benefit for an African-American community is to coalesce, uh, the [inaudible] community within the boundaries established by white society. As a result, what you see is a whole infrastructure created around servicing the black community—servicing—so black professionals, doctors, lawyers, teachers, um, black businesses that are serving black residents. All those are situated around the core of the black community. So if you look at a place like, for instance, Hannibal Square in Winter Park, Florida… [illegible] HOTEL [illegible] Chambliss You have everything that African Americans could possibly need within the confines of their segregated community, and this, of course, bolsters the economic standing of those, uh, business owners and those professionals. They are, in fact, servicing a captured audience, but that doesn’t mean that they’re not doing good service to the community. Stapleton By the 1950s, many public places did not admit blacks at all, and separate entrances and facilities were common in courthouses and other public buildings for access by African Americans. Another Supreme Court decision in 1954, Brown v. the Board of Education [of Topeka], finally overturned the Plessy decision, and the Federal Government finally declared that “separate” was not only unequal, but also unconstitutional. Tallahassee Democrat Court Bans Segregation In Public School Cases Court Ruling Is Unanimous Cases Directly Involve Only Five States But 17 Others May Be Affected [illegible] Paroled Man’s Captures Ends Reign of Terror [illegible] Retrieved As Mayor [illegible] [illegible] Court Questions Suit Challenging Second Primary [illegible] Secrecy Clamp Put On Talks McCarthy Calls Order “Cover Up” [illegible] French Cancel Air Evacuation In Indochina All Out Attack Will Be Resumed On Rebel Troops [illegible] Frank Costello Gets Five Year Prison Term [illegible] New US Bomber Test Seen Near [illegible] Sober, Careful Thought Urged By Tom Bailey [illegible] Stapleton Although by the 1950s, many Americans were recognizing that racial segregation was wrong, it was a long process for state and local communities to dismantle Jim Crow’s segregation. Dr. French explains. French It was really not any secret. Everybody knew this. In many ways… COLORED ENTRANCE French The—that the—these signs were a part of a fiction of “separate but equal,” but for African Americans, of course, it was never equal. And, in fact, this was the basis for the great challenges to, uh… WHITE ENTRANCE CIVIL RIGHTS French Segregated society. the great legal challenges was the “equal” was not equal under this system, and, uh, you began to see in the 20th century a chipping away at this edifice of—of Jim Crow law… Segregation IS UnAmerican[sic] French Based on the fact that the facilities provided to African Americans were profoundly unequal or absent altogether. After Brown v. Board of Education, many civil rights advocates—activists white and black—decided to test the law, to—to take the idea that public spaces should be open, uh, as there were increasingly being made open. The courts began to open up public spaces, particularly in places like interstate travel, and so the waiting rooms at bus stations or railroad stations became desegregated, technically. However, in practice, states and localities continued to enforce segregation. They left those signs on the walls, and they continued to insist that persons of color sit in different waiting rooms—in waiting rooms designated for them. Stapleton In Central Florida, racially segregated schools were the norm until the 1960s, when Durrance Elementary was integrated under pressure from the Federal Government. And soon, other Orange County schools agreed to desegregate. [illegible] Stapleton Because of demonstrations by civil rights activists, community leaders, and students, local officials closed some public facilities, rather than allow them to be racially integrated. This public activism and protest against Jim Crow segregation… FT. LAUDERDALE NAACP YOUTH COUNCIL FT. LAUDERDALE BRANCH NAACP NAACP FORT LAUDERDALE NAACP KEY WEST BRANCH PASS THE CIVIL RIGHTS BILL! NAACP MIAMI BRANCH Stapleton Was similar to events throughout the state and the rest of the South. It was through this activism, and because of the passing… THE Civil Rights Act of 1964 Stapleton Of the 1964 Civil Rights Act by the U.S. Congress that outlawed these forms of racial segregation and relegated the Jim Crow signs to the dust bin of history. Although the system of Jim Crow disappeared, its absence, while welcomed by all segments of society, left a vacuum in the once-thriving black downtowns, as Dr. Chambliss explains. CAMPUS THEATER Chambliss In order to make sure African Americans had full sorta status as—as Americans, um, they had to break down the segregation system. As a consequence, the restrictions in terms of movement, and space, and regulations associated with zoning housing, uh, gave way, and with that, African Americans had the choice of where they wanted to live and how they wanted to live. This had a direct negative impact—impact on the strong cohesion that was created by that outward force constraining African Americans into their, uh, communities. So you see a spread—a spreading out, but you also, I think, see a kind of breaking down. The strong cohesion created by the outside force threatening the black community goes away. African Americans are able—‘cause, especially middle-class and upper-class African Americans, are able to move to places that are better, and this leaves the working-class African Americans… 7UP BOO-BOO’S BAR TOWN& COUNTRY Stone’s[?] Chambliss Um, in that former space, but without the sort of economic and social connections that they had during segregation. Stapleton As Dr. Chambliss mentioned, the legacy of Jim Crow is bittersweet. It is a legacy that residents of these communities confront today. Dr. Wright recalls for us his struggle with this legacy, and the conversation he had with his mentor and friend, the late Gwendolyn [Elizabeth] Brooks, the famous African-American poet. Wright It’s interesting that, um, when I think of, um, integration, uh, and the whole business of… CARVER DOUBLE FEATURE ROBERT TAYLOR THE BRIBE LOUIS JORDAN BEWARE [illegible] NEWS WORZ • ARM CLUB• KIDDIE SHOW Free STAGE SHOW Here • AUCTION • PRIZES • FUN • Wright Uh, segregation supposedly going away, one of the—one of the great losses is, in fact, the—the black community—the black business community. Um, members of the black community are—are now affiliated with, uh, non-black institutions, and—and that’s the way it is. Reminds me of what Gwendolyn Brooks said to me when I said to her one day, “All of the black principals have moved out of the community,” and she said, “Oh.” Looked at me and she said, “I’m glad you stayed. I’m glad you stayed. They need to see you.” [illegible] Wright “The children need to see you,” and that’s I think the great loss with—with the, um—with that. But when, um, integration advanced, as far as I’m concerned, uh… COLORED ENTRANCE Wright The black community suffered irreparably. It will never recover. Uh… Stapleton We hope that you have enjoyed this episode of A History of Central Florida podcast. For more information on the objects featured in this episode… Orange County Regional History Center 65 E Central Blvd. Orlando, FL 32801 Stapleton Please visit the Orange County Regional History Center at 65 East Central Boulevard, Orlando, Florida, 32801. Episode 43 Surf Boards Stapleton Make sure to join us for our next episode entitled “Surf Boards.” Executive Producer Robert Cassanello Episode Producer Kevin Stapleton Written by Kevin Stapleton Directed by Kevin Stapleton Edited by Chip Ford Photos Bob Clarke Photos & Images Florida Memory Project Photos & Images Library of Congress Voices Kevin Stapleton Voices Dr. Julian Chambliss Voices Dr. Scot French Voices Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright Production Staff Bob Clarke Production Staff Chip Ford Production Staff Ella Gibson Production Staff Kendra Hazen Production Staff Katie Kelley Production Staff Daniel Velásquez 15th Amendment 7-Up A History of Central Florida activism African American Amendment XV American Civil War Bailey, Tom bomber Boo-Boo's Bar Brooks, Gwendolyn Brooks, Gwendolyn Elizabeth Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka bus business Campus Theater Carver Theater Castiglia, Francesco Central Boulevard Chambliss, Julian C. City of Sanford civil rights Civil Rights Act of 1964 Civil Rights Movement Civil War Clarke, Bob class clinic colored section Constitution constitutionality Costello, Frank "The Prime Minister county government Crow, Jim desegregation Downtown Orlando Durrance Elementary School Eatonville economic class economics education equal rights equality Fifteenth Amendment Ford, Chip Fort Lauderdale France French French Republic French, Scot gang Georgetown Gibson, Ella Goldsboro Goldwyn Avenue government Hannibal Square Hazen, Kendra imprisonment incarceration Indochina integration jail Jim Crow Jordan, Louis Jordan, Lucius Kelley, Katie Key West law Lincoln, Abraham local business local government Mainland Southeast Asia mayor McCarthy Miami middle class minstrel minstrelsy mob movie theater NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People OCRHC orange county Orange County Courthouse Orange County Public Schools Orange County Regional History Center organized crime orlando parole Parramore Plessy v. Ferguson podcast primary election Prime Minister of the Underworld prison public education public school race relations racism racist railroad Reconstruction RICHES Robert Cassanello Rollins College Sanford school segregation Seminole State College separate but equal sign slavery social class SSC Stapleton, Kevin state government State of Florida stereotype Stone's street car Supreme Court Taylor, Robert The Bribe The Prime Minister The Tallahassee Democrat theater Town & Country U.S. Constitution U.S. Supreme Court UCF unconstitutional University of Central Florida upper class Velásquez, Daniel war Washington Shores Federal Savings and Loan Association welfare welfare board welfare department Winter Park working class Wright, Stephen Caldwell https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5361858e574a773bd9ef69022c09f284.pdf b461139bed7cf82e625d3a9a91f777f4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection Subject Museums--Florida Schools Elementary schools Grammar schools Sanford (Fla.) Description The Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection encompasses a broad range of materials and items ranging from the late 19th Century into the present. The collection includes artifacts, photographs, documents, videocassettes, and other historical records pertaining to the history of the Sanford Grammar School, the Sanford community through the years, and the history of teaching and learning within the United States from the 19th century to the 2010s. The Student Museum has collaborated with the University of Central Florida and established the UCF Public History Center (PHC). All of the Student Museum's collections are presently housed at the PHC. The goal of the PHC is to promote access to history through ground-breaking research connecting local to global, provide cutting-edge hands-on educational programs for students and visitors, and to engage the community in contributing to and learning from history. Contributor Student Museum UCF Public History Center Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford High School, Sanford, Florida Westside Grammar Elementary School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Grammar School, Sanford, Florida Student Museum, Sanford, Florida UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project Student Museum UCF Public History Center Curator Marra, Katie Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Public History Center/Student Museum External Reference "Public History Center." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. "Student Museum." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. Alternative Title Student Museum and PHC Collection Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/32" target="_blank">General Photographic Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/73" target="_blank">Seminole County Public Schools Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Vance, Meghan Interviewee Miller, Algerine Location <a href="http://www.goldsboromuseum.com/" target="_blank">Goldsboro Museum</a>, Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida Original Format 1 DVD Duration 35 minutes and 40 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 195kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Algerine Miller Alternative Title Oral History, Miller Subject Oral history--United States Sanford (Fla.) African Americans--Florida--Sanford Museums--Florida Schools High schools Integration Desegregation Civil rights--Florida Description Oral history interview of Algerine Miller, who was born on December 6, 1940, in Sanford, Florida. Miller graduated from Crooms Academy, located at 2200 West Thirteenth Street, in 1958. After high school, she attended the Walker Business School for one year. Miller worked for the State of Florida as an Eligibility Interviewer for 16 years and for Seminole County Community College as an Assistant Financial Interviewer. Miller has also worked with the UCF Public History Center as a volunteer, especially within the Crooms Academy Alumni Exhibit: Triumph Through Adversity. This interview was conducted by Meghan Vance at the Goldsboro Museum, located at 1211 West Thirteenth Street, on November 7, 2012, in Goldsboro, an African-American neighborhood in Sanford. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:60 Life after graduation 0:01:58 Crooms Academy Alumni Exhibit: Triumph Through Adversity 0:06:34 Alumni events 0:07:24 Future of the exhibit and memorable moments 0:10:19 Connecting the exhibit with other museums 0:14:57 Sanford 0:17:00 Crooms and school segregation 0:21:34 Other museums in Sanford 0:22:55 Teaching history 0:25:19 Integration and the Civil Rights Movement 0:28:59 Motivation for working with the exhibit 0:30:01 Local ice house and family history 0:33:08 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Algerine Miller. Interview conducted by Meghan Vance at the <a href="http://www.goldsboromuseum.com/" target="_blank">Goldsboro Museum</a>, in Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida. Type Moving Image Source Miller, Algerine. Interviewed by Meghan Vance. UCF Public History Center. November 7, 2012. Audio/video record available. UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank">Adobe Flash Player</a>. <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank">Java</a>. <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida. Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Has Format Digital transcript of original 35-minute and 40-second oral history: Miller, Algerine. Interviewed by Meghan Vance. UCF Public History Center. November 7, 2012. Audio/video record available. UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida. Coverage Crooms Academy, Sanford, Florida Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida Public History Center,Sanford, Florida Hopper Academy, Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Creator Vance, Meghan Miller, Algerine Date Created 2012-10-23 Date Modified 2012-10-25 2012-11-18 Format video/mp4 application/pdf Extent 112 MB 53.4 KB Medium 35-minute and 40-second DVD 24- page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Meghan Vance and Algerine Miller. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the UCF Public History Center and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project UCF Public History Center Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository UCF Public History Center/Student Museum External Reference "Public History Center." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. "Exhibits." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. "Student Museum." Seminole County Public Schools. "<a href="http://www.seminolehs.scps.k12.fl.us/" target="_blank">Seminole High School</a>." Seminole High School, Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.seminolehs.scps.k12.fl.us/. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/I5YudPwNnn0" target="_blank">Oral History of Algerine Miller</a> 13th Street 7th Street A. Duda & Son, Inc. African Americans Beiler, Rosalind J. civil rights Civil Rights Movement class reunion Crooms Academy Crooms Academy Alumni Association Crooms Academy Alumni Exhibit: Triumph Through Adversity Crooms Academy of Information Technology desegregation Duda, D. A. executive secretary exhibit Five Points Operation Complex Gibson, Colonel Goldsboro Goldsboro Museum high school Hopper Academy ice house integration King, Martin Luther, Jr. Miller, Algerine museum Museum of Seminole County History Oliver, Francis oral history Orangeburg pool Sanford Sanford Civic Center Sanford Museum Savannah State University school SCPS segregation Seminole County Board of Education Seminole County Community College Seminole County Public Schools Seminole County Public Schools School Board Seminole High School Seventh Street SSU State of Florida Student Museum and Center for Social Studies Thirteenth Street trade school Vance, Meghan Walker Business School Williams Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida Collection Alternative Title History of Central Florida Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Astor, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Fort King, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Miami, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Tavares, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida, Episode 42: Jim Crow Signs Alternative Title Jim Crow Signs Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Eatonville (Fla.) African Americans--Florida--Sanford Sanford (Fla.) African Americans--Segregation--Florida Desegregation Description Episode 42 of A History of Central Florida podcasts: Jim Crow Signs. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 42 features a discussion of racial segregation signs used in the Jim Crow South, which are housed at the Orange County Regional History Center in Orlando, Florida. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Stephen Caldwell Wright of Seminole State College and Dr. Julian C. Chambliss of Rollins College. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:01:52 The Jim Crow South 0:02:35 Origins of racial segregation 0:04:24 Origins of “Jim Crow” 0:05:08 Segregation in practice 0:07:07 African-American communities and business districts 0:09:09 Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka and desegregation 0:11:12 Desegregating schools 0:11:59 African-American communities post-segregation 0:14:58 Conclusion 0:15:21 Credits Type Moving Image Source Original 15-minute and 48-second podcast by Kevin Stapleton, 2015: RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida. <a href="http://youtu.be/wvzC9ergWHg" target="_blank">http://youtu.be/wvzC9ergWHg</a>. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a> Application software, such as <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Orange County Regional History Center, Orlando, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida Eatonville, Orlando, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Derns Elementary School, Orange County, Florida Durrance Elementary School, Orlando, Florida Creator Stapleton, Kevin Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Stapleton, Kevin Wright, Stephen Caldwell Chambliss, Julian French, Scot Cassanello, Robert Ford, Chip Clarke, Bob Gibson, Ella Hazen, Kendra Kelley, Katie Velásquez, Daniel <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/" target="_blank">Florida Memory Project</a> <a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a> Date Created ca. 2015-03-30 Date Issued 2015-03-30 Date Copyrighted 2015-03-30 Format application/website Extent 75.1 MB Medium 15-minute and 48-second podcast 9-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kevin Stapleton and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Raffel, Sara Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference Winsboro, Irvin D. S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/797855859" target="_blank">Old South, New South, or Down South?: Florida and the Modern Civil Rights Movement</a>. 2009. Colburn, David R., and Jane Landers. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48138716" target="_blank">The African American Heritage of Florida</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1995. Borman, Kathryn M., and Sherman Dorn. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/137526262" target="_blank">Education Reform in Florida Diversity and Equity in Public Policy</a>. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2007. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/RjOg09aeokc" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 42: Jim Crow Signs</a> 15th Amendment 7-Up A History of Central Florida activism African American Amendment XV American Civil War Bailey, Tom bomber Boo-Boo's Bar Brooks, Gwendolyn Brooks, Gwendolyn Elizabeth Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka bus business Campus Theater Carver Theater Castiglia, Francesco Central Boulevard Chambliss, Julian C. City of Sanford civil rights Civil Rights Act of 1964 Civil Rights Movement Civil War Clarke, Bob class clinic colored section Constitution constitutionality Costello, Frank "The Prime Minister county government Crow, Jim desegregation Downtown Orlando Durrance Elementary School Eatonville economic class economics education equal rights equality Fifteenth Amendment Ford, Chip Fort Lauderdale France French French Republic French, Scot gang Georgetown Gibson, Ella Goldsboro Goldwyn Avenue government Hannibal Square Hazen, Kendra imprisonment incarceration Indochina integration jail Jim Crow Jordan, Louis Jordan, Lucius Kelley, Katie Key West law Lincoln, Abraham local business local government Mainland Southeast Asia mayor McCarthy Miami middle class minstrel minstrelsy mob movie theater NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People OCRHC orange county Orange County Courthouse Orange County Public Schools Orange County Regional History Center organized crime orlando parole Parramore Plessy v. Ferguson podcast primary election Prime Minister of the Underworld prison public education public school race relations racism racist railroad Reconstruction RICHES Robert Cassanello Rollins College Sanford school segregation Seminole State College separate but equal sign slavery social class SSC Stapleton, Kevin state government State of Florida stereotype Stone's street car Supreme Court Taylor, Robert The Bribe The Prime Minister The Tallahassee Democrat theater Town & Country U.S. Constitution U.S. Supreme Court UCF unconstitutional University of Central Florida upper class Velásquez, Daniel war Washington Shores Federal Savings and Loan Association welfare welfare board welfare department Winter Park working class Wright, Stephen Caldwell https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/016cdc3b1b2179662b69ef9e9f75f399.jpg c9760a43cb8167221235d95ac7306cdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Springs Collection Alternative Title Winter Springs Collection Subject Winter Springs (Fla). Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Winter Springs, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The first Euro-American individual own land in present-day Winter Springs was Moses Levy of New York, who acquired a land grant from the Spanish Crown prior to American acquisition of Florida in 1821. In 1843, Henry Gee and son John Henry Gee acquired part of Levy's grant via Governor Richard Call.However, the courts voided the land grant in 1852 and returned the grant back to Levy, Philip K. Yonge, and other settlers. The settlement of various wharves in in the area was centered mostly around Lake Jesup. With the establishment of the Lake Jesup Steamboat Company, the present-day Winter Springs area served as a major location for steamboat transportation. Winter Springs was not incorporated as a town until 1959, when it was originally called North Orlando. In 1962, the city was rechartered as Winter Springs. In 1972, it was incorporated as a city. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Winter Springs, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.winterspringsfl.org/assets/General/Documents/HistoryofWinterSprings.pdf" target="_blank">The History of Winter Springs </a>." City of Winter Springs. http://www.winterspringsfl.org/assets/General/Documents/HistoryofWinterSprings.pdf. Contributor Cepero, Nancy Lynn Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 ribbon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Place 4-H Tropicana Speech Competition Classroom Award Alternative Title 1st Place 4-H Tropicana Speech Classroom Award Subject Winter Springs (Fla.) Schools Middle schools--Florida Education--Florida 4-H clubs--United States Description First Place 4-H Tropicana Speech Competition Classroom Award won by Sarah Thorncroft of Indian Trail Middle School, located at 415 Tuskawilla Road in Winter Springs, Florida, in 2002. The contest has been sponsored by Florida 4-H, a youth organization focusing on four development areaS: head, heart, hands, and health. The contest includes fourth, fifth, and sixth graders who practice public speaking. The 4-H Tropicana Public Speaking Contest has also been sponsored by Tropicana since 1969. Type Still Image Source Original ribbon, 2002: Private Collection of Sarah Thorncroft. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/125" target="_blank">Winter Springs Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original ribbon, 2002. Coverage Indian Trails Middle School, Winter Springs, Florida Contributor Thorncroft, Sarah Date Created 2002 Format image/jpg Extent 89.3 KB Medium 1 ribbon Language eng Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Sarah Thorncroft and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Sarah Thorncroft External Reference "<a href="http://florida4h.org/news/public_relations/tropicana.shtml" target="_blank">4-H/Tropicana Public Speaking Contest</a>." Florida 4-H Youth Development. http://florida4h.org/news/public_relations/tropicana.shtml. 1st place 2nd Amendment 4-H award civil rights club contest contestant education first place gun rights Indian Trails Middle School middle school public speaking ribbon right to bear arms Sarah Thorncroft school Second Amendment student Tropicana Winter Springs https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b9ffd0157a5c92cf2394b5272ffdd1e1.jpg 16da4d6aeebcbe6dca839d17fe527927 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Springs Collection Alternative Title Winter Springs Collection Subject Winter Springs (Fla). Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Winter Springs, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The first Euro-American individual own land in present-day Winter Springs was Moses Levy of New York, who acquired a land grant from the Spanish Crown prior to American acquisition of Florida in 1821. In 1843, Henry Gee and son John Henry Gee acquired part of Levy's grant via Governor Richard Call.However, the courts voided the land grant in 1852 and returned the grant back to Levy, Philip K. Yonge, and other settlers. The settlement of various wharves in in the area was centered mostly around Lake Jesup. With the establishment of the Lake Jesup Steamboat Company, the present-day Winter Springs area served as a major location for steamboat transportation. Winter Springs was not incorporated as a town until 1959, when it was originally called North Orlando. In 1962, the city was rechartered as Winter Springs. In 1972, it was incorporated as a city. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Winter Springs, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.winterspringsfl.org/assets/General/Documents/HistoryofWinterSprings.pdf" target="_blank">The History of Winter Springs </a>." City of Winter Springs. http://www.winterspringsfl.org/assets/General/Documents/HistoryofWinterSprings.pdf. Contributor Cepero, Nancy Lynn Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 medal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Place 4-H Tropicana Speech Competition Medal Alternative Title 1st Place 4-H Tropicana Speech Medal Subject Winter Springs (Fla.) Schools Middle schools--Florida Education--Florida 4-H clubs--United States Description First Place 4-H Tropicana Speech Competition Medal won by Sarah Thorncroft of Indian Trail Middle School, located at 415 Tuskawilla Road in Winter Springs, Florida, in 2002. The contest has been sponsored by Florida 4-H, a youth organization focusing on four development areaS: head, heart, hands, and health. The contest includes fourth, fifth, and sixth graders who practice public speaking. The 4-H Tropicana Public Speaking Contest has also been sponsored by Tropicana since 1969. Type Still Image Source Original medal, 2002: Private Collection of Sarah Thorncroft. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank">Adobe Flash Player</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/125" target="_blank">Winter Springs Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original medal, 2002. Coverage Indian Trails Middle School, Winter Springs, Florida Contributor Thorncroft, Sarah Date Created 2002 Format image/jpg Extent 107 KB Medium 1 medal Language eng Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Sarah Thorncroft and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Sarah Thorncroft External Reference "<a href="http://florida4h.org/news/public_relations/tropicana.shtml" target="_blank">4-H/Tropicana Public Speaking Contest</a>." Florida 4-H Youth Development. http://florida4h.org/news/public_relations/tropicana.shtml. 1st place 2nd Amendment 4-H award civil rights club contest contestant education first place gun rights Indian Trails Middle School medal middle school public speaking right to bear arms Sarah Thorncroft school Second Amendment student Tropicana Winter Springs https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e8a26e74724981cfa15583e0812b03ec.mp3 19a079928d14ad551d93167f12df0077 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a54351957504fd4193ab5d7421ba1114.pdf 79e25fd5559a428ff09744265f759e0a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Dobson, Alexandra Interviewee Blackwood, Bernie Location <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida Original Format 1 audio recording Duration 30 minutes and 21 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Bernie Blackwood Alternative Title Oral History, Blackwood Subject Oviedo (Fla.) St. Petersburg (Fla.) Real estate--United States City planning--Florida Construction Description An oral history interview of Bernard O. Blackwood, conducted by Alexandra Dobson on March 19, 2015. Blackwood was born on April 9, 1933, and attended the University of Florida (UF) in Gainesville, Florida. After graduating from college, Blackwood migrated to St. Petersburg with his wife, Suzanne A. Blackwood, to work as a city planner. In the 1970s, the couple moved to Oviedo with their children. There, Blackwood helped plan several residential subdivisions alongside Ben Ward, Jr. Interview topics include land development, the effects of Florida Technological University (present-day University of Central Florida), Blackwood's wife and children, Ben Ward's contributions to the community, desegregation and the Civil Rights Movement in St. Petersburg, and his career as a city planner. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:01:48 Land development 0:04:07 Florida Technological University and the Oviedo Land Group 0:07:51 Migration to Oviedo and working with Ben Ward, Jr. 0:13:30 Wife and children 0:14:29 Population growth and Florida Technological University 0:18:39 Ben Ward’s contributions to the community 0:19:24 Blackwood Construction Corporation and Lutheran Haven 0:20:25 Schools and desegregation in St. Petersburg 0:21:57 St. Petersburg and career as a city planner Abstract Oral history interview of Bernard “Bernie” O. Blackwood. Interview conducted by Alexandra Dobson at Blackwood's home in Mead Manor in Oviedo, Florida, on March 19, 2015. Type Sound Source Blackwood, Bernie Interviewed by Alexandra Dobson, March 19, 2015. Audio record available. Oviedo History Harvest, <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a> <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, History Harvest Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Has Format 20-page digital transcript of original 30-minute and 21-second oral history: Blackwood, Bernie Interviewed by Alexandra Dobson, March 19, 2015. Audio record available. Oviedo History Harvest, <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Coverage Mead Manor, Oviedo, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Creator Blackwood, Bernie Dobson, Alexandra Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2015-03-19 Date Modified 2016-01-05 Date Copyrighted 2015-03-19 Format audio/mp3 application/pdf Extent 27.7 MB 198 KB Medium 30-minute and 21-second audio recording 20-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Bernard “Bernie” O. Blackwood and Alexandra Dobson, and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5278" target="_blank">Mead Manor Brings New Lifestyle to Oviedo</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5278. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Transcript Dobson This is an oral history interview of Bernie<a title="">[1]</a> [O.] Blackwood. Interview is conducted by Alexandra Dobson at the Blackwood home in Oviedo, Florida, on the 19th of March, 2015. Inter—interview topics include Oviedo, Mead Manor, and that’s it. Blackwood Well, my name’s Bernie Blackwood, and my association with Oviedo began in the early [19]50s. I was a student at Gainesville,<a title="">[2]</a> and I had a roommate named Bob Ward, who was a native of Oviedo, and I came to Oviedo on occasions on weekend with Bob, and got to know a little bit about the area. It was so different from my, uh, little home town in North Florida. I saw orange groves and celery fields and stuff, to—tobacco fields, uh—shade[?] tobacco fields it was up there, but, um, when I finished at Gainesville, I went right to work. I had a job waiting in Saint Petersburg[, Florida], and, uh, Bob and I kept in contact over the years, and through Bob I had met his brother, Ben Ward—Ben Ward, Jr., and, uh, we’d been in St. Pete four or five years. I—I guess it was around 1963 when Ben called me—Ben Ward, Bob’s brother—and said he was developing a subdivision. He and a group of, uh, investors and businesspeople here in O—Oviedo were developing a subdivision, and they had started, but they’d ran into a few troubles, and he knew I—through Bob—knew had a little—had—I had a little experience in land planning. So he asked me if I’d come up, take a look at what he had, and I was glad to do it, because it gave me a chance to visit Bob, and Ben brought me out. it’s a 40-acre site in— northeast, uh, Oviedo—beautiful piece of land—and made it clear to me to—to begin with they wanted large lots, nice home sites, and the group of, uh, investors and businesspeople, who, uh, put their money up for this project, wanted the same thing. They wanted to grow Oviedo and they knew there was nothing in Oviedo, at that time. No lots available, really. I don’t think there’d been any residential lots added in Oviedo since probably the early 1900s, and—so I went to work on the plan, and, uh, came up with something that they agreed with. Oh, I’m getting a little ahead of myself maybe, because they had actually started—they had, uh, put the group together, and they had paved a little section of Mead Drive, which is the entrance off of Division Street into Mead Manor, at that time, Three or four hundred—two or three hundred feet, I’d say, and then it made a right turn into a little cul-de-sac, and they had, uh—[laughs] they didn’t know quite where to go from there, because they had three—three swampy areas—little ponds in the 40 acres. So we developed a plan, uh, around those ponds, uh, with nice size lots and streets running around, and, uh, they approved the plan and, [clears throat] I came up one weekend—one Saturday with an engineer friend of my from St. Pete, and, uh, the streets had been, uh, cleared, and we shot grades, went back to St. Pete, and did a cut-and-fill plan, and presented that to the group, and they went from there and started developing the subdivision. And the—they paved the streets, they put in paved streets with gutters, and they had a water system in Oviedo at that time, so it was on a water system, and the, uh, next, uh—next thing we knew, uh—I should say that before they started this project, there was no kno—knowledge of FTU<a title="">[4]</a> locating five miles south of Oviedo. It, eh—I asked Ben later, and he said “No,” uh, “We didn’t know it,” and I thought they were crazy, at the time, for—for footing this kind of subdivision and—and—[laughs] out in Oviedo with just a little crossroads farm community, and I didn’t know where the people were going to come from, and Ben said, “Oh, they’ll come.” He was an eternal optimist, and the next thing I knew, I read—read in The St. Pete[rsburg] Times where FTU was locating five miles south of Oviedo. So I began to be a little more interested in what was going on, and they began selling the lots. First lot they sold in here—or maybe the second one—uh, I know it was the first person from the university—was a man named Phil Gorey[sp] and he was a, um—one of the administrative people under Millican—Dr. [Charles Norman] Millican, and the, uh—the subdivision took off rather slowly, but they were selling lots. A lot across the street there was, uh—was, uh, [Joe] Gomez, uh… Suzanne He was a professor out there. Blackwood Yeah, What’s the first, uh… Suzanne Joe. Blackwood Uh… Suzanne Joe. Blackwood Joe. Yeah, Joe Gomez. He was a comptroller out at the university, and, uh, there were three or four, five, six—I mean, there half a dozen, at least, uh, different professors that started buying lots out, and some of them still here, like me [laughs]. I’m not a professor [laughs], um, and as the lots started selling, the land group—Oviedo Land Group was the name of the, uh—of the, corpora—or the company that Ben Ward put together, and the investors in it—I could—I can recall most of ‘em, I think. There was, uh, Frank Wheeler, John Evans, uh, I think Mr. Roy Clonts, probably, um… Suzanne Beleren[sp]? Blackwood Who? Suzanne Bob[?] Beleren? Was he one of ‘em? Blackwood No, no, not, uh, not, uh… Suzanne Okay. Blackwood Uh, uh… Suzanne Martin? Blackwood Yeah. Suzanne Bill… Blackwood Bill… Suzanne Martin? Blackwood Yeah, Bill Martin and John Evans. I might have… Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood Said him before, but anyway, it was a group of local businessmen and there were five or six of ‘em. I met with them a couple times, and, uh, didn’t really know them at—at all. I have since gotten to know them all, one time or another, and, uh—so they decided to buy another 40 acres just, uh, to the north of the first unit, and, uh I—again, I did a layout for them, and Ben developed it, and so it made a total of 80 acres here in Oviedo, and I—I’d be glad to drive you around and show you if you’d like to see it. Some of the developers’ve[sic] been dead, but during this time, Ben was still planning ahead and the next thing—he had a project. Another, uh—I think it was another 40 acres, and—and they—we worked up a subdivision for him on that—a layout, and it’s called [inaudible] Garden Grove. It’s right near here. And, [clears throat] by that time, Ben, eh—he was originally—he had an insurance business, and, uh, uh—and a real estate brokerage business, and he was getting interested into building and construction. He said, “I’ve got all these lots. I might as well build some houses.” So he offered—gave me—he said, “Why don’t you come up and join me, and we’ll form a corporation and build—build a few houses,” and the idea appealed to me, but leaving my secure place in St. Pete—position I had and so forth—uh, it took a lot of soul searching, and I guess it—I probably thought about it for two or three years ‘fore—and, in the meantime, Ben and I were still working together on—on the projects up here, and, uh, I finally made the decision. I’ve gotta do it. I want to do it. I’d always been interested in construction and had some experience in that, and my[?]—my family wasn’t too eager about it at first. Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood The kids—I had a, uh, son<a title="">[5]</a> that was in the third grade and going—would be going into the fourth grade, and a daughter in the sixth grade, I believe, but they finally came around, and we moved up here, uh, second day of September, 1972. Went to work about the very next day and… [phone rings] Blackwood The kids start… [phone rings] Blackwood The kids started school the very next day after we got here, I think, and my family adjusted. They just loved Oviedo, and Sue<a title="">[6]</a> was a city girl. Sue was from Jacksonville. Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood And she didn’t think she wanted to move to Oviedo from St. Petersburg. We all loved St. Petersburg. I did too, but, um, we found Oviedo to be—the people here were the most gracious, welcoming. we never felt like a stranger, and part of that maybe was, because I came here with Ben Ward, who—his dad was a celery grower, and, uh, had—had groves here in town, and Ben had some land, and—quite a bit of land in and around Oviedo, and, uh, so we—we went from there. We started building houses, and, uh, Ben and I were together, uh, for four years, I think, and his interests were—was on development—land development, and mine… [phone beeps] Blackwood Was more in construction, and I didn’t have the deep pockets to go into land development [laughs], but Ben, uh—he had a vision for this—for this little town, and he—he wanted to—nothing but quality development, and he was the only one developing land in Oviedo, and he was always, I thought, a little ahead of the market, and it was, uh—it cost him financially, but he did it, and after we, uh—we split, we remained friends, and met on a weekly basis and compared what each of us was doin’, until he passed away in—I think he passed away in ‘99, and [coughs] I never—I feel he never deserved the credit he did—he deserved—for what he did for this little town, because you can look around he—he’s re—responsible for Mead Manor, Garden Grove, Whispering Oaks…. Suzanne Mmhmm. Blackwood Uh, Hill—Hillcrest, uh, Farms—I think was the name of it. Suzanne Uh, Windmilll… Blackwood Windmill Farms. Suzanne Farms. Blackwood Those were residential, uh, develops here. Suzanne How about Oviedo Oaks? Blackwood No, no, he didn’t—he didn’t develop that. Suzanne Hm. Blackwood Uh, and he also started—he did some commer—a couple of commercial projects. one of ‘em was, uh, Westwood Square. It was a commercial/industrial, uh, zoning area, and, uh, it’s completely built out now. Uh, do you know where, uh, Toucan—what—no, it’s—what’s the Spanish… Suzanne Habanero’s [Mexican Grill]. Blackwood Habanero’s. Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood You know where that is? Dobson I drove by it. Blackwood That was part of Westwood Square. All of those b—back in there was developed, and there was nothing out there at the time—nothing, and nothing between there and Oviedo [laughs], and… Suzanne One little gas station. Blackwood Yeah, the—the, uh, Tiger—Tiger Station. Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood We called it, and, uh, then there’s another, uh, I believe it’s called Oviedo Office Park up to your—on [Florida State Road] 426 between Westwood Square and the city limits—what was the city limits then—or the high school, say—and it’s a very nice commercial development, and it had doctor’s offices, uh, and that—that type of commu—uh, development, and, like I say, we—we came here—we’ve been here for 43 years now, and I could never move Sue from—get her out of this house or out of this city. Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood She loves it and the kids love it. My daughter lives in Tallahassee, and, uh, she—she’s down here quite often. My son works with me, or did work with me. He runs the business now. I’m just—I’m retired. I go in and aggravate him every day a little bit [laughs]. Uh, I don’t know. Do you have any questions from there? I’d be glad to drive you around a little Oviedo and show you some of these projects if you have the time… Dobson Okay. Blackwood Or the inclination. Dobson Sure, thank you. Suzanne Take her to, um, Whispering Oaks, ‘cuz that’s… Blackwood Yeah. Suzanne Really… Blackwood Well, they’re all nice. Suzanne Really, pretty, yes, Whispering Oaks has beautiful trees, but… Dobson Um… Blackwood Have I missed anything Sue? Suzanne I don’t’ think so. I think—I was amazed at how well you [laughs]… Blackwood Uh… Suzanne Covered everything. Blackwood Well, you know, that’s—that’s about it with, uh, my—my interests in Oviedo. It was… Suzanne I… Blackwood Was primarily building. I built all these years and… Suzanne Do you know what the population was when we moved here? Blackwood I should’ve… Suzanne [inaudible]. Blackwood Gone into that. It was about 2000, and, uh, it was about the same when I visited 10 years earlier. It hadn’t grown a bit. I don’t think it grew a bit from—I should’ve included this in it—from the ‘30s and on up to the ‘60s, and this development right here<a title="">[7]</a> was what started the growth in Oviedo, uh, after—after, um—no. I guess it was the edges[?] of [inaudible], uh, track builders started coming into Oviedo. The, uh, uh, Jacobs brothers owned two thousand acres of land where O—where Alafaya Woods is now and that area over there, uh—Twin Rivers and that area. They sold it to a group in Atlanta in the early [19]70s, and Bob pretty well fell out of construction for a while there, and nothin’, eh—I don’t know if that company went bankrupt or what, but they sold it to the Anden Group, and the Anden Group is a group that developed Alafaya Woods [clears throat], and it was a little bit, uh—it was, uh, a different type development than what Ben had been developing. I think he’d be surprised today if he knew how, um—he felt that—that Oviedo never had, uh—be, uh, anything but small, rural community [inaudible] with good home sites. ‘Course he knew, and I knew too, that when the university located there, sooner or later it was gonna affect Oviedo in a big way [coughs], and it did, but, uh… Suzanne Is—is Tom Phillips next door still teaching? Blackwood Yeah, he’s a professor over—no. he’s not teaching, but he’s retired. Suzanne He’s retired? Okay. Blackwood Yeah. Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood That’s—that’s probably… Suzanne We were surrounded by them. Blackwood Yeah, when we first moved here, the—‘course, this was, you know—all the professors had kids and we had kids, and it’s, uh, changed a couple times since then. You’ve got, uh, uh, older families that moved out, newer families with kids that moved in, and, uh, and, uh, and we’ve stuck—stuck here [laughs] all those years, but, um, we’ve seen the growth in Oviedo from two thousand to… Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood What? 35,000 now, probably. Dobson Do you think it was just the university that did that, or… Suzanne Pretty… Blackwood Well… Suzanne Pretty much. Blackwood It, uh—pretty much, I think. The [Central Florida] Research Park out there—and of course, it—it—Oviedo [clears throat]—it grew to be a—it had a very good school system.<a title="">[8]</a> I should’ve mentioned that. When—when we moved here, my son was going into the fourth grade, and we—he went to a school right across from where we lived, practically, in St Pete. He could walk to school, and they had gotten into the new, uh—let the kid reach his potential, don’t push him, don’t push him. Suzanne Mmhmm. Blackwood And… Unidentified [clears throat]. Blackwood I went and talked with the teacher about it, and—“Oh, Scott’s doin’ fine,” And it didn’t… Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood Seem to me that he was doin’ fine, and she said, “Oh, no, no. he’s fine.” Well, when we got here, he had teachers like Ms. [Margeurite] Partin. Suzanne Partin Elementary [School] was named after her, and she was a wonderful teacher. Blackwood And Ms. Gore, and s—same teachers that taught Ben Ward, and Bob Ward—that group. They were still there, and she went to work on Scott and brought him up to speed. He didn’t—he didn’t even know his multiplication tables, and [laughs]… Suzanne Does now [laughs]. Blackwood And all of the kids here did, but she—she put him to work on ‘em and you[?]—he learned real quick[sic], and caught up, and did alright, But it—it was just a great place to raise your kids, and, uh, I—I just can’t say enough about the—the town and about—about the guy that really got it goin’. Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood Ben Ward. Suzanne I think so too. Blackwood You get the chance to give him a plug—he’s long gone. his wife still lives here in Ovi—in, uh, Mead Manor, and his kids—he has one—one kid that lives in Tuscawilla and the rest of ‘em are scattered around. Suzanne Tuscawilla was not here at all when we moved here. Blackwood Well, it was too. It was one road… Suzanne [inaudible]. Blackwood Called Dyson Road<a title="">[9]</a> comin’ off of, uh, Tuskawilla Road—Dyson—and they had… Suzanne Dyson, yeah. Blackwood They—they just started developing a few lots there. That’s a beautiful sub—one of my favorite subdivisions. The area is Tuscawilla. Dobson Mm, what kinds of things has Blackwood Construction [Corporation] done? Blackwood We did primarily single-family and, uh, small commercial. We did, uh, dental office for Bob Beleren over in Winter Springs[, Florida], and that sort of thing, but we built over 500—we’ve got—I think we got… Suzanne 563 [laughs]. Blackwood Well, some of ‘em weren’t—some of ‘em in the recent years have just been small jobs… Suzanne And Lutheran Haven. mention Lutheran Haven. Blackwood Yeah, we did—we built most of Lutheran Haven projects out of, uh—duplexes. Suzanne You’ve probably passed Lutheran Haven on your way in. Yeah. Dobson Could be… Suzanne Hm. Dobson I’m not sure. Suzanne [inaudible]. Dobson I’m really not that familiar [laughs]… Suzanne It’s a big Lutheran church, and they—it has a retirement for us—little du—duplexes. Dobson Okay. Blackwood Its’ a… Suzanne Its’ a… Blackwood And a—and a, uh, nursing home now. Uh, we could even—if you’ve got time, I’ll drive you all over. show you—show you a little bit of Oviedo. Dobson Okay [laughs], Thank you. Suzanne Don’t want to live here? [laughs]. Dobson Yeah [laughs]. Um, I actually moved to Orlando from St. Pete for the same reasons. Suzanne Oh, my goodness. Dobson [laughs]. Blackwood Oh, really? Suzanne [laughs]. Dobson To get my son in a better school. Suzanne Aww. Blackwood Aw, really? Dobson Yeah, I don’t… Suzanne Well, you know, we thought the schools there were just great, ‘til we moved here. Blackwood Well, I didn’t think they were great, because I didn’t think our—our boy was learning anything. Suzanne Yeah, well… Blackwood And—and another thing, uh, we got caught up right in the Civil Rights [Movement]—we—you know where Bay Vista Elementary [School] is? Dobson Mmhmm. Blackwood We lived within a block of Bay Vista, at that time, and the kids walked to school, and it was a fairly new school then, and, uh, eh, I think, 11 or—yeah, she was in the fifth grade when all the civil rights—and they started bussing kids, and she got bussed to the school right in the middle of St.—black school in the middle of St. Pete. Suzanne I don’t remember what the school was—the— the name of the school. Blackwood I don’t remember. Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood But [laughs] it—it, uh—it was only for that one year, and she got along fine. Suzanne Yeah, she did. Blackwood She didn’t have any problems, but… Suzanne She—she made some good friends there. Blackwood It just didn’t make sense to take kids that [laughs] could walk to school and pay a bus to drive them somewhere else. Suzanne [laughs] It was probably a good experience. Blackwood Well, you [inaudible]—how—how long did you live in St. Pete? Dobson Uh, five or six years. Suzanne You weren’t born there then? Dobson No. Blackwood From when to when? Dobson Uh, it was recent. I’ve been in Orlando for three years. Blackwood Three years? Dobson Yes. Blackwood Oh, well, you saw—you’ve seen the downtown area really change. Dobson Yes, it has [laughs]. Blackwood We—we—I graduated on Saturday night, and we packed up everything, and we had. I met Sue at [the University of] Florida her—her senior year [laughs], and… Suzanne Just about. Blackwood And, uh, we packed up everything. We—we got married, uh, my last semester there. we got married, and she’d graduated the semester ‘fore I did. She’s smarter than I am. Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood And we moved to St. Pete on Sunday, and I started work Monday. I was, uh—I worked as a city planner for 14 years ‘fore I came here. Dobson Wow. What kind of things did you do? Blackwood What kind of work? Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood Well, uh, we—are—are you—if you’re familiar with the parks system in Oviedo—just to give you an example—uh, in, uh, St. Pete, um—Southside Park—you know the 40-acre park down Lakewood Elementary [School]? Suzanne Mmhmm. Blackwood And all of that? That was a plan that we came up with. Oh, oh—we developed a five-year pl—plan. We had a great city manager named Lynn [H.] Andrews, from about the time I went there until he left in ‘69, and he had a—a capital improvement program—a five-year, capital improvement program, and every year, they would, uh, budget certain projects, and at the end of the year, you’d see if the money was spent right on those projects [inaudible]. He—he’d project the five years another year, but he adjusted every year during that five years, and, uh, he built the, uh—had the, uh—Bayfront Center was built, the museum downtown, the waterfront—the city park of the waterfront, Northeast Park, there was all developed while he was there. The pier—inverted pier—was built, and I was all part of all that, and it was just interesting and fun, until he left, and we got another manager, and I just did not enjoy working anymore. Suzanne Oh. Blackwood That’s how I happened to come here. Suzanne I think that was the time to come here. Dobson What was civil rights like in St. Pete? What was your experience with it? Blackwood Well, uh, my main experience—it was no problem. 16th Street was kind of, uh—they[?] had their riots and things during the time. Dobson They still do [laughs]. Blackwood [laughs] And my main memory of it—and this was why Lynn Andrews left St. Petersburg. I’m sure. In ‘68 or ‘69 when they, um, allowed public employees to be unionized—the garbage department became unionized, and they went on strike one year, and Mr. Andrews, uh, negotiated with ‘em and got ‘em back—not a big break in service. The very next year, they went on strike again, and he—on Monday morning, they didn’t show up for work. the whole garbage department didn’t show up for work, and he gave them an ultimatum. He said that “Anyone that’s not back on the job by Thursday of this week will be permanently terminated—all benefits and everything.” Well, they—the union didn’t believe him, I guess, because a big percent—some did come back. Within a week he had completely re-staffed that from people from Georgia—different people looking for jobs. He completely re-staffed the garbage department, and a lot of employees lost their jobs, and from that point on, The St. Pete Times took up the position of the strikers. They marched on city hall every day, and he didn’t yield. It’s kinda like Ronald Reagan and, uh—and the, uh, uh, air [traffic] controller strike. You’re probably too young to even remember that. All [laughs]. Blackwood But he did the same thing, and, um, from that day on, anything that, that Lynn Andrews did—and I was privy to what was going on there, he would be lambasted in The St. Pete Times for it, and after about, uh, a year of that he, uh—he went back to Tex—he came to St. Pete from San Antonio, Texas, as the city manager, and he went back as the city manager of, uh, Austin, Texas. When he came to St. Pete, he brought his finance director, um, his assistant city manager, and the budget director—was, uh—that group came. When he left, they all went with him, except one, and he left the city and went to work for First Federal [Bank of Florida]. Dobson Wow, That’s impressive. Keeping your staff with you. Suzanne And they were good, good men, weren’t they? Blackwood Good men, all of ‘em. yeah, Smart men. I often said. If he’d of run for president. I woulda… Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood I woulda—he—he was firm, but he was fair, But, uh, no. We—we love St. Pete. We go back every now and then, when we get a chance. [inaudible]… Suzanne How many people weren’t up there anymore? Blackwood Yeah, most of my old buddies are gone. [laughs]. Yeah. Dobson It’s still a lovely place to visit. Suzanne Yeah, and the downtown is so—with the waterfront—is so nice now. Blackwood You know, I went down for a job interview, and Sue went with me, and that was before we were married. I went—I got a summer job there, and, uh [laughs], we drove into St Pete from—came down 30—34th Street, turned left on Central [Avenue] and got downtown, and I—we—this was in April. Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood We saw nothin’ but green benches and gray heads, and that’s quite a shock comin’ from Gainesville. Suzanne From Gainesville, yeah, where everybody’s young to… Blackwood Where everybody’s young. Suzanne To where everybody’s old. Blackwood [laughs]. Suzanne [laughs] but it was a good place to live. Blackwood It—yeah. Suzanne [inaudible]. Blackwood It—it—it had something for everybody then, but the majority—I think 25 percent of the population then was 65 or older. It had, uh—I knew at the time, the population was 180 thousand when, uh, we moved there, and I think it was about 22 5[thousand] when we left. I don’t know what it is now, but it had pretty well built out. There wasn’t much developable land in St. Pete, other than up and around Whedon’s[sic] Island area. Suzanne What part of St. Pete did you live in? Dobson Um, I lived on First Avenue North and 25th Street. So… Blackwood 25th Street? [inaudible]. Dobson Almost downtown. Blackwood Uh huh, al—yeah. Suzanne We lived almost downtown when we first moved there. Blackwood We had a little garage apartment, uh… Suzanne Right near the hos—near Mound[?] Park Hospital. Blackwood No, no. our garage apartment was, uh, up on the Northside. Suzanne Oh, that one? Blackwood About 26th Avenue North, and then we—we bought a, um—an old, 50-year-old apartment building down on 11th Avenue South, and I could walk to work from there—to City Hall, and we—we moved in— fixed up one unit and moved in it, and as a tenant left, we’d remodel that tenant[sic]—that unit and fix it up. Made a nice place. Suzanne Was your son… Blackwood Oh. Suzanne Born there? Dobson Uh, he was born in Clearwater. I lived in Clearwater, Largo, Dunedin [laughs]. Suzanne Oh. Blackwood You ever heard of Fred Marquis? Dobson I don’t think so. Blackwood He was county manager there in Pinellas County for 25 years, I guess. I think he set a record for it, but he… Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood He—he was a planner, uh, with, uh—in St. Pete with me [coughs]. He came there right out of graduate school, and, uh, worked there, and we became good friends, but I hadn’t been in touch with him for years. Uh, he’s—he’s—he’s since retired. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Bernard. </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> University of Florida. </div> <div> <a title="">[3]</a> Present-day University of Central Florida. </div> <div> <a title="">[4]</a> Florida Technological University. </div> <div> <a title="">[5]</a> Scott Blackwood. </div> <div> <a title="">[6]</a> Suzanne A. Blackwood. </div> <div> <a title="">[7]</a> Mead Manor. </div> <div> <a title="">[8]</a> Seminole County Public Schools (SCPS). </div> <div> <a title="">[9]</a> Correction: Dyson Drive. </div> </div> 11th Avenue 16th Street 1st Avenue 25th Street 34th Street Alafaya Woods Anden Group Bay Vista Elementary School Bayfront Center Ben Ward, Jr. Bernard O. Blackwood Bernie Blackwood Bill Martin Blackwood Construction Corporation Bob Beleren Bob Ward bussing Central Avenue Central Florida Research Park Charles N. Millican Charles Norman Millican city managers city planners civil rights Civil Rights Movement colleges construction demonstrations desegregation Division Street Downtown St. Petersburg Dyson Drive educators Eleventh Avenue First Avenue Florida State Road 426 Florida Technological University Frank Wheeler Fred Marquis FTU Garden Grove Gore Habanero's Mexican Grill integration Joe Gomez John Evans labor labor rights land development Lutheran Haven Lynn H. Andrews Marguerite Partin Mead Drive Mead Manor neighborhoods Northeast Park Oviedo Oviedo Land Group Oviedo Oaks Oviedo Office Park Partin Elementary School Phil Gorey Pinellas County professors protesters protests public employees race relations real estate residential developments riots Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan Roy Clontz Saint Petersburg school bus school buses schools Scott Blackwood SCPS Seminole County Public Schools Sixteenth Street Southside Park SR 426 St. Pete St. Petersburg strikers strikes subdivisions Sue Blackwood Suzanne A. Blackwood teachers The St. Petersburg Times Tiger Station Tom Phillips Tuscawilla Tuskawilla Road Twin Rivers UCF unionization unions universities university University of Central Florida Westwood Square Whispering Oaks Windmill Farms Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 2: Vol. 88, No. 1, Summer 2009 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 2 Subject Miami (Fla.) Republican Party Race relations--United States Description This podcast features an interview with Dr. Michael Bowen, Assistant Director at the Bob Graham Center for Public Service, about This article "The Strange Tale of Wesley and Florence Garrison: Racial Crosscurrents of the Postwar Florida Republican Party," and the research involved in writing that article. The article appeared in this issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly. Type Sound Source Original 17-minute and 36-second audio podcast by Connie Lester and Robert Cassanello, 2009: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Miami, Florida Creator Lester, Connie L. Cassanello, Robert Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Bowen, Michael D. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2009 Date Issued 2009 Date Copyrighted 2009 Format audio/mp3 Extent 16.1 MB Medium 17-minute and 36-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Connie Lester and Robert Cassanello and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Bowen, Michael D. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/20700265" target="_blank">The Strange Tale of Wesley and Florence Garrison: Racial Crosscurrents of the Postwar Florida Republican Party</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 88, no. 1 (2009): 1-29. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20700265. Luconi, Stefano. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/20700266" target="_blank">Tampa's 1910 Lynching: The Italian-American Perspective and Its Implications</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 88, no. 1 (2009): 30-53. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20700266. Alderson, Robert J. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/20700267" target="_blank">Entangled Borderlands: The 1794 Projected French Invasion of Spanish East Florida and Atlantic History</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 88, no. 1 (2009): 54-82. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20700267. Mendez, Jesus. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/20700268" target="_blank">1892—A Year of Crucial Decisions in Florida</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 88, no. 1 (2009): 83-106. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20700268. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/D9exHEnU6RU" target="_blank">Episode 2: Vol. 88, No. 1, Summer 2009</a> African Americans Angelo Albano archival research Arthur Ellsworth Summerfield Arthur Summerfield Blockbusters Bob Graham Center for Public Service Brian Ward Castenge Ficarrotta Castenzio Ficarrotta civil rights Clarence J. Brown Clarence J. Brown, Sr. Connie Lester Costanzo Ficarrotta Dave Engels factions FHQ Florence Garrison Florida Historical Quarterly French G. H. Alexander GOP Grand Old Party Henry B. Plant Henry Flagler Henry Morrison Flagler Herbert Brownell, Jr. immigrants Italian Americans Italians Jesus Mendez Miami Michael D. Bowen Neal Deal coalition New Deal political parties political party politics Post-WWII property expansion race relations railroads Republican Party Republican Party of Florida Republicanism Republicans Robert A. Taft Robert Alphonso Taft Robert Cassanello Robert J. Alderson, Jr. Sicilians Solid South Spanish East Florida Stefano Luconi Taft-Dewey Campaign Tampa, lynchings Thomas E. Dewey Thomas Edmund Dewey urban growth Wesley Garrison Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 5: Vol. 88, No. 4, Spring 2010 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 5 Subject Gainesville (Fla.) Miami (Fla.) Coral Gables (Fla.) Universities Football--Florida Sports--Florida Description This podcast features an interview with Derrick E. White, Assistant Professor of History at Florida Atlantic University. He wrote an article that appeared in this issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly, titled "From Desegregation to Integration: Race, Football, and 'Dixie' at the University of Florida." This article is about Confederate memory and racial integration at Florida universities during the 1960s. Type Sound Source Original 19-minute and 17-second audio podcast by Connie Lester and Robert Cassanello, 2010: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida Creator Lester, Connie L. Cassanello, Robert Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor White, Derrick E. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2010 Date Issued 2010 Date Copyrighted 2010 Format audio/mp3 Extent 17.6 MB Medium 19-minute and 17-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Connie Lester and Robert Cassanello and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference White, Derrick E. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/29765122" target="_blank">From Desegregation to Integration: Race, Football, and "Dixie" at the University of Florida</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 88, no. 4 (2010): 469-96. http://www.jstor.org/stable/29765122. Nelson, David. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/29765121" target="_blank">When Modern Tourism Was Born: Florida at the World Fairs and on the World Stage in the 1930s</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 88, no. 4 (2010): 435-68. http://www.jstor.org/stable/29765121. Hulse, Thomas. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/29765123" target="_blank">Military Slave Rentals, the Construction of Army Fortifications, and the Navy Yard in Pensacola, Florida, 1824-1863</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 88, no. 4 (2010): 497-539. http://www.jstor.org/stable/29765123. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/oHknwJ70a_s" target="_blank">Episode 5: Vol. 88, No. 4, Spring 2010</a> Army civil rights Civil Rights Movement Confederacy Confederates Connie Lester construction Coral Gables David Nelson demographics demography Derrick E. White desegregation Dixie Dixie's Land education extracurricular FDOA FHQ Florida Department of Agriculture Florida Historical Quarterly football fortifications forts Gainesville Great Depression I Wish I Was in Dixie integration LeRoy Collins Miami military slave rentals music Navy Navy Yards Old South Pensacola Pensacola Navy Yard race relations Robert Cassanello segregation slavery slaves songs sporting sports Sun Belt Thomas Hulse Thomas LeRoy Collins tourism UA UF UM University of Alabama University of Florida University of Miami World Fair Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 8: Vol. 89, No. 3, Winter 2011 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 8 Subject Gainesville (Fla.) Colleges Universities Education--Florida Race relations--United States Civil rights movements--Florida Description This podcast features an interview with Jessica Clawson, a graduate student at the University of Florida, about her article "Administrative Recalcitrance and Government Intervention: Desegregation at the University of Florida, 1962-1972," which appeared in this issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly. The article concerns the racial integration of UF in the 1960s and 1970s. Type Sound Source Original 20-minute and 8-second audio podcast by Connie Lester and Robert Cassanello, 2011: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Creator Lester, Connie L. Cassanello, Robert Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Clawson, Jessica <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2011 Date Issued 2011 Date Copyrighted 2011 Format audio/mp3 Extent 18.4 MB Medium 20-minute and 8-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Connie Lester and Robert Cassanello and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Clawson, Jessica. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035878" target="_blank">Administrative Recalcitrance and Government Intervention: Desegregation at the University of Florida, 1962-1972</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 89, no. 3 (2011): 347-74. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035878. De La Cova, Antonio Rafael. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035876" target="_blank">Cuban Exiles in Key West during the Ten Years' War, 1868-1878</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 89, no. 3 (2011): 287-319. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035876. Jarvis, Eric. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035877" target="_blank">'Secrecy Has No Excuse': The Florida Land Boom, Tourism, and the 1926 Smallpox Epidemic in Tampa and Miami</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 89, no. 3 (2011): 320-46. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035877. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/PcpiNuCW3FY" target="_blank">Episode 8: Vol. 89, No. 3, Winter 2011</a> activism African Americans anti-war movement Antonio Rafael de la Cova Black Freedom Movement Black Student Union C. Farris Bryant Cecil Farris Bryant civil rights Civil Rights Movement colleges Connie Lester Cuban Americans Cubans desegregation diversity Eric Jarvis evolution exiles FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly Florida land boom Florida Legislative Investigation Committee Florida Legislature Florida Supreme court Gainesville gay gay liberation movement GLBT Great War Hamilton Holt higher education homosexuality homosexuals integration J. Wayne Reitz Jessica Clawson Johns Committee Joseph Crespino Julius Wayne Reitz Kent State shootings Key West land-grant universities land-grant university LeRoy Collins LGBT Miami peace movement pox private education private university public education public university race relations red plague Robert Cassanello Rollins College segregation smallpox Stephen C. O'Connell Stephen Cornelius O'Connell Stephen O'Connell student movement student protests Supreme Court of Florida Tampa Ten Years' War Thomas LeRoy Collins tourism UF University of Florida Variola vera Virgil D. Hawkins War of '68 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 10: Vol. 90, No. 1, Summer 2011 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 10 Subject Pensacola (Fla.) Crime--Florida Law enforcement--Florida Police--Florida Race relations--United States Description This is the podcast for the Summer 2011 issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly. The issue features the 2010 Friends of the Florida Historical Society Keynote Lecture "The First Coming of Judeo-Christian Religion to Florida" by Michael Gannon in addition to the articles "Blue Water, Brown Water, and Confederate Disloyalty: The Peculiar and Personal Naval Conflict in South Florida during the Civil War" by Irvin D. S. Winsboro and William B. Mack and "The Catholic Diocese of Miami and African American Desegregation, 1958-1977" by Mark Newman. This podcast features an interview with James M. Denham whose article "Crime and Punishment in Antebellum Pensacola," is also in the Summer issue. Professor Denham is the Director of Lawton M. Chiles Center for Florida History at Florida Southern College. In addition, Professor Raymond A. Mohl, Distinguished Professor at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, was interviewed for this podcast. Dr. Mohl spoke about the life and legacy of Stetson Kennedy who passed away on August 27, 2011, at the age of 94. Type Sound Source Original 21-minute and 49-second audio podcast by Connie Lester, Robert Cassanello, and Daniel S. Murphree, 2011: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Pensacola, Florida Creator Lester, Connie L. Cassanello, Robert Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Denham, James M. Mohl, Raymond A. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2011 Date Issued 2011 Date Copyrighted 2011 Format audio/mp3 Extent 49.9 MB Medium 21-minute and 49-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Connie Lester, Robert Cassanello, and Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Denham, James M. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035894" target="_blank">Crime and Punishment in Antebellum Pensacola</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 1 (2011): 13-33. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035894. Kennedy, Stetson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772845374" target="_blank">Southern Exposure Making the South Safe for Democracy</a>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2010. Kennedy, Stetson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772845344" target="_blank">Jim Crow Guide to the U.S.A. The Laws, Customs and Etiquette Governing the Conduct of Nonwhites and Other Minorities As Second-Class Citizens</a>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2011. Kennedy, Stetson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/20595914" target="_blank">The Klan Unmasked</a>. 1990. Kennedy, Stetson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/9890090" target="_blank">Palmetto Country</a>. New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce, 1942. Gannon, Michael. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035893" target="_blank">2010 Friends of the Florida Historical Society Keynote Lecture: The First Coming of Judeo-Christian Religion to Florida</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 1 (2011): 1-12. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035893. Winsboro, Irvin D. S., and Mack William B. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035895" target="_blank">Blue Water, Brown Water, and Confederate Disloyalty: The Peculiar and Personal Naval Conflict in South Florida during the Civil War</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 1 (2011): 34-60. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035895. Newman, Mark. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035896" target="_blank">The Catholic Diocese of Miami and African American Desegregation, 1958-1977</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 1 (2011): 61-84. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035896. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/q7lLhtE96a8" target="_blank">Episode 10: Vol. 90, No. 1, Summer 2011</a> African Americans American Civil War Antebellum Florida Auburn system bishops civil rights Coleman F. Carroll Confederacy Confederate States of America Confederates Connie Lester crime against property crime against public order and morality crime against the person crimes criminal justice CSA Daniel S. Murphree desegregation Federal Writers Project FHQ FHS Florida Atlantic University Florida Historical Quarterly Florida Historical Society Harry T. Moore Harry Tyson Moore indigenous integration Irvin D. S. Winsboro James M. Denham Judeo-Christian KKK Ku Klux Klan law enforcement laws Mark Newman Miami Miami bombings Michael Gannon Mike Denham Nation Magazine Native Americans New Deal New York System Palmetto Country penitentiaries penitentiary systems Pensacola prosecutions punishments race race relations racism Raymond A. Mohl Reconstruction religions research Robert Cassanello Roman Catholicism Roman Catholics seamen segregation sheriffs social history South Florida Southern Exposure: Making the South Safe for Democracy Spanish Stetson Kennedy storytelling The Jim Crow Guide The Pensacola Gazette The Pittsburgh Courier U.S. Marshals violence Vivian Miller William B. Mack William H. Hunt Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 13: Vol. 90, No. 4, Spring 2012 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 13 Subject Jacksonville (Fla.) Race relations--United States Description This podcast features an interview with Professor David Jackson, Jr. from Florida A&M University, about This article "'Industrious, Thrifty and Ambitious': Jacksonville’s African American Businesspeople during the Jim Crow Era," which appeared in this issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly. This article is about the business class of Jacksonville during the Jim Crow Era. We also interviewed Tina Bucuvalas, who was the 2012 Jillian Prescott Memorial Keynote Speaker at the Florida Historical Society Meeting and Symposium in Tampa. Type Sound Source Original 15-minute and 38-second audio podcast by Robert Cassanello and Daniel S. Murphree, 2012: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Jacksonville, Florida Creator Cassanello, Robert Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Jackson, David, Jr. Bucuvalas, Tina <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2012 Date Issued 2012 Date Copyrighted 2012 Format audio/mp3 Extent 35.8 MB Medium 15-minute and 38-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Robert Cassanello and Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Jackson, David H. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264716" target="_blank">'Industrious, Thrifty and Ambitious': Jacksonville's African American Businesspeople during the Jim Crow Era</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 4 (2012): 453-87. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264716. Gibson, Abraham H. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264714" target="_blank">American Gibraltar: Key West during World War II</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 4 (2012): 393-425. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264714. Wilhelm, Chris. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264715" target="_blank">Pragmatism, Seminoles, and Science: Opposition to Progressive Everglades Drainage</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 4 (2012): 426-52. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264715. Turcotte, Florence M. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264717" target="_blank">For This Is an Enchanted Land: Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings and the Florida Environment</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 4 (2012): 488-504. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264717. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/fcoGkeAyJjs" target="_blank">Episode 13: Vol. 90, No. 4, Spring 2012</a> A.L. Lewis Abraham Lincoln Lewis African Americans Afro-American Life Insurance Company Alexander H. Darnes Anderson Bank Anderson Fish and Oyster Company attorneys Booker T. Washington Booker Taliaferro Washington business class business owners Charles Anderson Charlotte Anderson Lewis Charlotte Scott Anderson civil rights Civil Rights Movement Cuban Americans Cubans culture Daniel S. Murphree David Jackson, Jr. doctors Eartha M. M. White ethnohistory FHQ FHS Florida Historical Quarterly Florida Historical Society folk Jacksonville Jillian Prescott Memorial Jim Crow South John Mitchell lawyers life insurance Miami Minorcans NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Ocala physicians professional class race relations ranching Richard D. Anderson Robert Cassanello Robert Lewis Simuel Decatur McGill St. Augustine Tina Bucuvalas traditions upper class Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 14: Vol. 91, No. 1, Summer 2012 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 14 Subject Orlando (Fla.) World War II, 1939-1945 Prostitution--Florida Women--Florida Diseases--United States Description This episode features The Florida Historical Quarterly Assistant Editor Dr. Daniel S. Murphree’s interview of Professor Claire Strom, Rapetti-Trunzo Professor of History at Rollins College, about her article "Controlling Venereal Disease in Orlando during World War II." Her article is about Orlando's reaction and policies toward venereal disease and women's sexuality during World War II, and it was published in this issue of FHQ. Type Sound Source Original 12-minute and 33-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2012: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Orlando, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Strom, Claire <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2012 Date Issued 2012 Date Copyrighted 2012 Format audio/mp3 Extent 11.5 MB Medium 12-minute and 33-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Strom, Claire. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264824" target="_blank">Controlling Venereal Disease in Orlando during World War II</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 91, no. 1 (2012): 86-117. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264824. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/IQGnbXn724c" target="_blank">Episode 14: Vol. 91, No. 1, Summer 2012</a> abstinence African Americans arrests civil liberties civil rights Claire Strom commercial sex crimes curfews Daniel S. Murphree FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly gender Jacksonville military modern Venereal Disease Month orlando pellagra prostitutes prostitution public health race relations research sailors sex workers sexuality sexually transmitted diseases sexually transmitted infections soldiers Solomon Kolack STD STI students syphilis trials VD venereal diseases women's history World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/aaf3e9e626e5f3a4b798bb5dfd7ca844.mp3 de2411b77ffa9c7a87d48d8bc30e0846 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f7a66760aadfa6cd11872500514be8e2.pdf ccc52a4bda6f188e3deed01c2b5e7b6f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Jared Muha Collection Subject Lake Apopka (Fla.) Agriculture--Florida Migrant labor Apopka (Fla.) Description A collection of oral history interviews conducted by Jared Muha. Creator Muha, Jared Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"> RICHES</a> Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"> RICHES</a> Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Geraldean Matthew Alternative Title Oral History, Matthew Subject Apopka, Lake (Fla.) Apopka (Fla.) Migrant labor Agriculture--Florida Race relations--United States Environmental justice--United States Description An oral history interview of Geraldean Matthew, a third-generation farmworker and advocate for environmental justice and migrant farmworkers’ rights. The interview was conducted by Jared Muha in Apopka, Florida, on October 30, 2014. Some of the topics covered include a summary of Matthew’s life, leaving home at age 13, her relationships with her mother and father, her slave heritage, her grandparents, segregation, traveling to the North, tramp trucks and maggot workers, life in labor camps, the replacement of African-American workers with Hispanic workers and the relationship between the two races, educational programs and retraining of the replaced workers, the effects of unemployment and underemployment on African-American families, working for environmental justice and farmworker’s rights, her contribution to Fed Up: The High Costs of Cheap Food, a book about sexual misconduct by crew leaders, modern farms in Florida and the treatment of Hispanic workers today. Matthew passed away in 2016. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:04:47 Parents and leaving home at age 13 0:09:04 Grandparents 0:11:32 Segregation and discrimination 0:17:25 Labor camps 0:22:31 Hispanic replacements for African American workers 0:31:11 Educational programs, retraining, and unemployment 0:38:27 Environmental justice and labor rights 0:42:08 Her Children’s Experiences as Farmworkers 0:42:53 Fed Up: The High Costs of Cheap Food by Dale Finley Slongwhite 0:47:11 Sexual abuse by crew leaders 0:49:35 RECORDING CUTS OFF 0:49:35 Modern farm labor and Hispanic workers 0:51:28 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Geraldean Matthew. Interview conducted by Jared Muha in Apopka, Florida, on October 30, 2014. Type Sound Source Matthew, Geraldean. Interviewed by Jared Muha, October 30, 2014. Audio record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/219">Jared Muha Collection</a>, Apopka Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES. Has Format Digital transcript of original 51-minute and 42-second oral history: Matthew, Geraldean. Interviewed by Jared Muha. Audio record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>, Orlando, Florida. Coverage Apopka, Florida Belle Glade, Florida Lake Apopka, Apopka, Florida Creator Matthew, Geraldean Muha, Jared Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Date Created 2014-10-30 Date Copyrighted 2014-10-30 Format audio/mp3 application/pdf Extent 47.3 MB 254 KB Medium 51-minute and 42-second audio recording 31-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Geraldean Matthew and Jared Muha and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Balogh, Christopher. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/apopka-farmworkers-say-pesticide-exposure-caused-illnesses/Content?oid=2248681" target="_blank">Apopka farmworkers say pesticide exposure caused illnesses</a>." Orlando Weekly, June 1, 2011. Accessed July 11, 2016. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/apopka-farmworkers-say-pesticide-exposure-caused-illnesses/Content?oid=2248681. Slongwhite, Dale Finley, and Jeannie Economos. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/857802909" target="_blank">Fed Up: The High Costs of Cheap Food</a>. 2014. Comas, Martin E. "<a href="http://www.orlandosentinel.com/health/os-apopka-farmworkers-lupus-20150918-story.html" target="_blank">Sick Apopka farmworkers hope for major study of their illnesses</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, September 19, 2015. Accessed May 25 ,2016. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/health/os-apopka-farmworkers-lupus-20150918-story.html. Giagnoni, Silvia. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/715188868" target="_blank">Fields of Resistance The Struggle of Florida's Farmworkers for Justice</a>. Chicago, Ill: Haymarket Books, 2011. Rothenberg, Daniel. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38475492" target="_blank">With These Hands: The Hidden World of Migrant Farmworkers Today</a>. New York: Harcourt Brace & Co., 1998. McCauley, Linda A., Michael R. Lasarev, Gregory Higgins, Joan Rothlein, Juan Muniz, Caren Ebbert, and Jackie Phillips. "<a href="http://resolver.flvc.org/ucf?sid=google&auinit=LA&aulast=McCauley&atitle=Work+characteristics+and+pesticide+exposures+among+migrant+agricultural+families:+a+community-based+research+approach.&id=pmid:11401767" target="_blank">Work Characteristics and Pesticide Exposures among Migrant Agricultural Families: A Community-Based Research Approach</a>." Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 109, No. 5 (May, 2001): 533-538. Das, Rupali, Andrea Steege, Sherry Baron, John Beckman, and Robert Harrison. "<a href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/107735201800339272" target="_blank">Pesticide-related Illness among Migrant Farm Workers in the United States</a>." International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, Vol. 7, Issue 4 (2001): 303-312. Rodgers, Bethany. "<a href="http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/orange/os-apopka-farmworker-geraldean-matthew-20161006-story.html" target="_blank">Pillar in Apopka farmworker community dies at age 66</a>." Orlando Sentinel, October 9, 2016. Accessed October 10, 2016. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/orange/os-apopka-farmworker-geraldean-matthew-20161006-story.html. Transcript Muha This is Jared Muha. I’m here on October 30th[, 2014] with Geraldean Matthew. Um, Geraldean, to start off, can I ask you just to tell you—tell—tell me a little bit about yourself, um, and who you are? Matthew Well, I’m Geraldean Matthew. I was Geraldean Shannon before I got married and became—became the—Matthew. Um, I come from Palm Beach County, a little place in the—on the, um, eastern shores of Palm—of Palm Beach. Um, I was a migrant farmworker. I’m the third generations[sic] of farmworkers—uh, of migrant workers in my family, and, um, we continued—I continued to do farm work until, um, 1972. Um, I can remember as far as[sic] back when I was three years old, traveling to see them with my mom on what you call a “traffic truck”—a “tramp truck,” and it’s[sic] taken us from Belle Glade, Florida, to the New York states[sic] to pick apples and beans—whatever state we were in, whatever the vegetable was, and, um, in traveling back, we stopped in a little town called Mount Dora, and from Mount Dora to Apopka, and that’s when we decided to stay here to work in the oranges, which was our first time ever picking oranges, and from there we ended up staying here in Apopka, and, um, I left home at the age of 13 and went out on my own and been out on my own ever since, and from there, I got married and I end[sic] up with six babies, uh—12 years of marriage, and then I divorce[sic] and from there, I had to take care of my kids and raise my kids alone, and I continued to travel, and in 1972, that’s when I gave it up. I didn’t want to put my children through what I had went[sic] through—changing schools every two or three months because you’ve got to move to the next state to work. So, um, we remaineded[sic] here in—in—in Apopka, Florida, and from that, I continued to work in the fields, um, cutting and jiving[?], packing corn, and picking string beans, and, uh, whatever else they had for us to do—working in the carrots, and, um, from there, I just got tired of the—the—the farm work… Muha Hm. Matthew And I went into doing the foliage work, uh—potting flowers, and that—I liked it pretty good, and I stayed there for a number of years, and then from there, I volunteered to work with the Farmworker Association[ of Florida] and I landed a job with the association, and I worked there doing different types of jobs in the organization, and, um, I started advocating for poor people[sic] rights in Tallahassee, and that was one of the most awesome jobs I had ever had in my life. Just having a—just a 10th grade education, it was really awesome, because I never thought in life that I would land such a good job, and from there, I started working, uh—after they laid me off ‘cause lack of, uh, grants, I start[sic] working with Orange County Health Department and then, uh, Env—En—Environmental Protection [Agency], and, uh, I worked there with David Overfield for a few months, and then I got sick with my kidney. Worked from December until April, and the kidney broke down and I had to stop working with them. I, uh, left them in June, and from there I got sicker and sicker, and I ended up on kidney dialysis. So right now, that’s where I basically is[sic]. I’m on kidney dialysis three days a week. Um, I just was told a month ago that my liver is gone. My heart—there’s nothing they can do. So right now, I have my good days, I have my bad days, and I just, you know, I have to accept what life throws at me and depend on the grace of the Good Lord. So right now that’s where I am. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew Um, there’s a lot of times, if I’m able to go to the grocery stores, um, I always tell people, “My job is not finished,” because I stand in the grocery stores and I talk with peoples[sic] about the use of pesticide in the field. Those that are still out there working. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew I’ve talked with them. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And, um, let them know that it’s not finished, you know? You’re still being sprayed with the pesticide if you’re still in the fields. Muha Well, thank you for telling me all that. Matthew Hm. Muha So you mentioned a few things that I wanna ask about. Matthew Mmhmm? Muha Some now and some later. The first thing—um, you said you were 13 years old when you went on your own? Matthew Yes. Muha So can you tell me like how that happened and—and what—what that was like being 13 and on your own? Matthew Well, the reason I left home when I was 13—because of a step-father, and, um, he didn’t treat my mom right, and I had a sister and a brother, at that time, and he didn’t treat them right. He were[sic] more like afraid of me, ‘cause I used to threaten him all the time about if he would hit me, what I would do to him. So I didn’t have to worry about getting licks from him, but he would beat my sister and beat my brother so bad[sic], and my mom, she didn’t—she wasn’t a violent person and I just couldn’t—I couldn’t take it—seeing her not saying nothing at the way he was treating the family. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew So one day I just packed and I left, and, um, I was, you know—I was tall. I was always a tall girl. So I could pass off for 17 years old, 18 years old—and that’s what I did. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And, um, I got a man—uh, a man and his wife to say they was[sic] my mom and, um, take me to the courthouse, and I got married. Muha Hm. Matthew And when I got married, then I was, you know—it was better for me to be married. That way I could—continue to help my mom. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And I didn’t move from around my mom until after about four years and—I was married and I moved to another town. Muha Okay. Matthew But I would come see her every Saturday. Muha Mmhmm, but you continued working at the fields? Matthew Mmhmm, I continued to work in the fields. Muha Mmhmm, you just did it on your own then? Matthew Yep, mmhmm. Muha Okay. Matthew It was—it was like—it was hard, but, you know, having somebody to help you, it wasn’t so difficult, because my thing was I always wanted to give my mom—I always wanted to make sure that my mom had—and I was able to help my mom. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew So after the marriage was over with of 12 years, then I continued to work, but I was always able to go by my mom[sic] house and give my mom money to help her. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew Because my mom was a young lady when she got—she took sick. She was 36… Muha Mmhmm. Matthew When she took sick. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew Mmhmm. Muha So yeah, I wanted to ask about your parents too. I mean, um, so—so your parents were farmworkers, as well? Matthew Yes, my mom and my father were farmworkers when they met. My mom was 13 years old and my daddy was 15 years old. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And, um, when my mom got pregnant with me at the age of 13 years old, my father got—was afraid, and my father, he was big for—big, big, big boy… Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And he ran off and lied and went into the military. So he was in the Air Force all his life. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew He made a career out of it, and in, um—in 1960, he come[sic] home and everybody was saying that I was his baby, and he took a look at me and said, “Oh, yeah, that is my baby.” Muha [laughs]. Matthew And they said then he wanted to be a part of my life, but he went back into the Air Force, and then, when he come[sic] back home, that[sic] when he begin[sic] to fight my mom for, uh, a part of my life. So they took it to court and the court give[sic] him, um—I stayed six months with my mom in Belle Glade, and I stayed six months with my father in Miami, and my father was called by mistake to go back into the military, and that’s when his mama and his wife decided to send me home… Muha Okay. Matthew To my mom. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And I never communicated with him again. When I seen[sic] my father again, it was 1972. Muha Hm. Matthew He came here and visit[sic] me, and I haven’t seen him again since. Muha Hm. Matthew ‘Cause he, um—he went fishing in Miami and he never was found again. Muha Mmhmm, okay. Do you remember any stories that your mother or father had told you about their days working on the farms? Matthew Yeah, my mom used to, um, tell us about when they was[sic] children and the sh—her mom and her father was[sic] together, how they would go to work. Uh, they was[sic]—they was[sic], um, picking cotton, and how they would go to work and work days and—I mean hours and hours in the cotton fields. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew Um, she mostly talked about my grandmother, but—because my grandmother was a slave… Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And she talked about—we talked about a lot of slavery in that—in our house… Muha Mmhmm. Matthew Because of my grandmother being a slave. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew Um, sh—I mean, it wasn’t no[sic] [inaudible] generation. Slavery was right at our backdoor. Muha Yeah. Matthew And, um, that’s mostly what she’d talk about. She never really just do a lot of talk[sic] about herself as a little girl, you know? Sometimes she would tell us stories about how the crew leaders would try to do little nasty things and stunts and things they would pull, you know—and how my grandmother would defend them and stuff. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew Yeah, and mostly talks about my grandmother and mostly talks about her father and mostly her grandfather. Her grandfather was—uh, mostly talk of the family was her [laughs] grandfather. They used to tell us stories about how funny he was and how, you know, he—he—after coming off the slave camps, he’d never taken crap off of anybody again and how mean he was, and mostly what they talk about—even ‘til today, they talk about my great-granddaddy—how, you know—how raw[?] he got and, you know, just didn’t want nothing[sic] wrong to go—nothing in the family to go wrong. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew All the way up until he passed away, but my family, they’re originally from Georgia—Fort Valley [State University], Georgia, and I used to have to go there after—if my mama didn’t feel like taking us up on[sic] to see her, she would take us to Georgia and leave me with my grandmother. Muha Hm. Matthew So I would stay, uh, the month of June, July, August, and come back when school start[sic] in September. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew We would go back to Belle Glade. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew But if we was[sic] traveling, we would go to school wherever we was[sic]. Muha So, um, you mentioned that, uh, you would travel, you know, during cer— certain seasons to—to pick in other states. Matthew Mmhmm. Muha Um, I’m wondering if you could tell me a little bit about that. How did—how did what you experienced in other states differ from Apopka? Matthew It was much different from my home in Belle Glade. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew It was much… Muha In Belle Glade? Right[?]. Matthew Different from Belle Glade, because Belle Glade was a very, very violent town. Very vi—violent, and those states was[sic] more calmer[sic]. You saw more respect. In Belle Glade, there was no respect at all. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew Because Belle Glade was build[sic] up on people of all nationalities. It wasn’t just the people from Belle Glade. It was the people from all over the Caribbean Islands, and there was no respect. If you was[sic] a child in Belle Glade, you knew everything that an adult knew when you was[sic] six or seven years old. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And it wasn’t nice. It wasn’t nice at all. So when we’d travel to the other states, we see the childrens[sic] more respectable[sic], it make[sic] you feel a difference. You be[sic] like, Wow, why I can’t be like that child? You know, and the schools was[sic] different, because Belle Glade schools, they wasn’t[sic] segregated, and those schools up North, they were segregated. So you got a chance to go to school—go—go to a—a school—a minority[?] school, and it was a big difference. It was like—the first time you went, it was scary, scary, scary, and as you continue to go, then the children begin to talk with you and you begin to meet friends, but when you first go—first start, you are told, “Oh, you can’t play with them little white children.” You know, because that was the way the South was out here. Muha Yeah. Matthew We could not—we didn’t play with the childrens[sic] across the track, you know? We stayed on our side of the track and the whites stayed on their side of the track. So we didn’t know the feeling of being with, uh, the white childrens[sic]. We didn’t know that feeling. Muha Yeah. Matthew So when I went up to travel up North, then we connected with that. That was—to us it was weird, you know, but then, as we traveled to a—we might be in say, New Jersey—the childrens[sic] are one way in New Jersey, and when we get up to maybe New York, the children are different wherever they are—different style[?]. We had—we had to adapt to that, but as we continued down through the years, then it became like nothing to us, you know? Muha Mmhmm. Matthew It was, you know—we expecting[sic] it. Muha Right. Matthew And it was all good, but I can remember the bad times when we travel[sic] and we was[sic] told that—we would stop and we would buy gas, and then if you needed—if one of the children needed to use the restroom, we was[sic] told that we couldn’t use the restroom, and by me coming from the Deep South down here—coming up here, we’d have thought it was better, but it was worse in North Carolina. Muha Yeah. Matthew You want to use the bathroom after you done purchased gas, they tell you to go out there in the cornfield. Muha Wow. Matthew And that wasn’t—that wasn’t right with us, you know? Muha Yeah. Matthew That wasn’t right. Muha Yeah. Matthew And it—it finally growed[sic] on us, you know? It finally growed[sic] on us, but we, as childrens[sic]—being a migrant worker, you really enjoyed, because you’ll come in—you’ll see things that you probably wouldn’t have never[sic] seen if you wasn’t[sic] a migrant worker. Muha Yeah. Matthew Yeah, because—like right now, you travel from Florida to Georgia, you don’t see any mountains, and back in our days, there were mountains. By the time you get to Savannah, Georgia, you got mountains. North Carolina on up, but now, you don’t see that like you did—did when I was a child. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And, um, childrens[sic]—childrens[sic] nowadays will never get the opportunity that we had and that make[sic] me appreciate my life ,because I got a chance to do something that children nowadays would never do. I got a chance to travel on the back of a truck full[?] the women and childrens[sic] going up north. That was awesome. I got a chance to stop - when they stopped the truck, we would stop in the mountains and we would go up in the mountains and we would cook our food, and water would be coming down the mountain and we would take baths in the water. Children would never see that now, but, you know, it made us feel good. It made us feel good, ‘cause the adult[sic] used to get mad. We out there, the water running down the mountain streams… Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And we were washing our skin and they were arguing, because we were so happy, you know? Muha [laughs]. Matthew We cooking our food and stuff and we so happy, and they would argue, because life was really hard for the adults that had childrens[sic]. Muha Yeah. Matthew To be on the back of a tru—of a—a truck—they called them “tramp trucks,” ‘cause that’s what they called us—tramps. We was[sic] either tramps or we was[sic] either maggot workers. We wasn’t[sic] called “migrants.” We was called “maggot worker.” “There go[sic] those maggot workers.” Muha By who[sic]? Matthew Hm? Muha Who would—who would call you that? Matthew The peoples[sic] in the town where we was[sic] going, and then we would live on labor camps. Some of them would have bathrooms and some of them wouldn’t, and we would have to go down to the river to drink—get our—get our drinking water. So find the river—once we locate the river, we come back—the children would locate the river. We’d come back and tell the adults that we located a river, and the adults would go down and would start getting water from the river. Bring them back to the camp in buckets, and when the city people learned that peoples[sic] the, uh—the, um—the migrant workers from Florida are here. Once the word get[sic] out, then there were some people from the city—like there was a company in Maryland, Merita Bread—they would bring us bread on the camps, and, um, there was another company that made coats—they would bring us winter coats on the camp. Muha Hm. Matthew They made sure that we had socks on—some of the camps. Some of the states we went in, they wouldn’t give you nothing[sic], but, um… Muha And the crew leaders would provide these? Matthew No. Muha No? Okay. Matthew These was[sic] peoples[sic] that hear that migrant workers was[sic] here working. Muha Okay. Matthew And they would do that in hopes of[sic]—when we would start working, we would come and spend our money to your… Muha Oh. Matthew Store or whatever. Muha Yeah, I see. Matthew Mmhmm. Muha So I wanted to—to ask about the labor camps, uh—the quarters. Um, so yeah, I mean, what were the quarters like? Could you speak to what the quarters were like here in Florida that you observed? Matthew Well, a quar—the places here in Florida was[sic] much better than the places—much better than some of the places traveling up north, because here, in Florida, you had the Florida Farmworkers Bureau here and they was[sic] on top of a lot of faulty living, but up north, they didn’t worry about you. They would—they would take you in the woods. They mostly built their camps in the wood[sic], but here, in Florida, there were eyes on you, you know? So you can’t get away with a lot of stuff that you can get away[sic] up north, ‘cause I can recall, in 1970, traveling to Michigan to pick cherries and apples. I can recall, when we got there, we saying[sic], “We[sic] going to the camp.” There was no camp. The guy had chicken coops—what you put the chickens in. Muha Yeah. Matthew And they was[sic] taking chickens out, and I say[sic], “What are they going to do with them? Why are they taking the chickens out?” And somebody whispered to me and say[sic], “That’s where you guys gonna sleep.” So they brought a carriage. they put all the chicken coops in a line side by side in a circle-like and they brought a carriage—they put a carriage on top, and you’re—from here up is inside the coop and your feet hanging[sic] out, and that’s where we slept. Muha Wow. Matthew And, um, finally, somebody came down and talked to the—talked to the owner of the property, and that’s when he began to build, um, a shed—a thing—a little building where we could go inside. So we had to go inside, but everybody was in one—one thing, and you had to put a—just a little sheet between you and the next family. Muha Yep. Matthew And that’s the way we slept that season. Muha Hm. Matthew In—in—in—in Michigan. I can recall, in Maryland, the crew leader had a horse stable, and, uh, it was a huge horse stable. I never seen[sic] one that big, and he parted off into rooms, and each family had their room, and that’s where we slept, but the male child could not sleep with—in—with the females. It—like my brother. Muha Right. Matthew My brother had to go up in the loft. Muha Right. Matthew And, uh, where they have all the hay at, and the mens[sic] had to sleep up in the loft, and the women slept in the barn—what we called a barn. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew You know, it was a lot of [laughs]—a lot of crazy ways we had to sleep. I mean, it was miserable. Muha Yeah. Matthew Miserable. Muha Yeah, but you stayed in quarters in Florida, as well, did—did—right? Or no? Matthew No… Muha Only—only when you traveled? Matthew I never stayed—let me see. I never—I stayed in a quarter when I come[sic] to Apopka. They called it “the Graveyard Quarters.” Muha Okay. Matthew And it housed migrant workers, but most of the people was[sic]—was like—had come here as a migrant worker and never left. Muha Oh, okay. Matthew Yeah, they come here as a migrant worker and they lived in “the Graveyard Quarters,” but they never left. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew They be—they just continued to stay there until they tore it down. Muha Okay, and—and who were they? Were they generally black Americans living there? Matthew Black Americans. Muha Okay. Matthew Mmhmm. At that time, there wasn’t[sic] no[sic] Hispanic farmworkers here. When I come[sic] to Apopka, it[sic] wasn’t[sic] any Hispanic farmworkers here. It was all African Americans, and, um, when it got really throwed[?] was in 1990-something that they faded out African Americans. They got rid of them. Um, I’m trying to think, and when they—well, before they closed the farmland down, they give[sic] us all our papers and told us that they would not need us anymore, but those that want to come out there and help clean up can come clean up. They, um—all of the black crew leaders—they laid them off, and they hired a Hispanic man from Pahokee, and he brought some peoples[sic] up here and he re—they replaced us. We demonstrated and demonstrated about it, but nothing never[sic] happened. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew When we would go out there and try to get work, they wouldn’t give us no[sic] work. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And it’s still like that today. Once they replace[sic] us with Mexican workers, the Mexicans would not hire us. The crew leaders would not hire us, but we get a job, we’ll hire them, but they will not hire us. It’s still that way today. Muha Great, so yeah—so, if I understand, uh, correctly, you said at some point in the 1990s, they fired most all the black… Matthew They got rid of all the black… Muha And that’s up in Apopka? Matthew In Apopka. Muha Okay. Matthew Mmhmm. Muha And they replaced them with mainly… Matthew Hispanics. Muha Mexican or Hispanic crew leaders. Matthew Mmhmm, right. Muha And those crew leaders hired… Matthew Hired… Muha Predominantly… Matthew Nothing but Mexicans. Muha Really? Okay. Matthew Mmhmm. Muha Okay. Matthew Yep, we got involved—the organization got involved. We went out there. We marched out there with Hispanic people. Hispanic people—there was[sic] Hispanic people that didn’t like the idea and they’d march along beside us, you know, but they never hired us back, and right now, I don’t know—have[sic] Jeannie [Economos] taken you out to—to—to—to the—where they[sic] corn is? Where they[sic] working in the corn. Muha Yeah. Matthew Well, right now out there was all African Americans doing all that work out there, but now it’s nothing but Hispanic people. Muha Okay. Matthew They… Muha Uh… Matthew Just plum out replaced us. Muha And—and do you know why they did that? Matthew Well, my—my—my thing is this—and I tell peoples[sic] this all the time, and I used to say this before they replaced us—that one day, we won’t have a job, and people used to look at me crazy and they say[sic], “What you talking about?” I say[sic], “One day, you will not be able to come out here on them muck[?] and work here.” I say[sic], “It’ll be all Hispanic peoples out here working.” That was about probably five years before they replaced us. We hadn’t heard nobody[sic] talking about replacing us. Muha Uh huh. Matthew But I felt that way because, when the Hispanic people come around, the crew leaders would—the—the—the crew leaders that owe—owned a pro—piece of the job would always have a big conversation with them, and, uh, African Americans I truly believe was[sic] replaced because you start—when they start working us, they started working us and giving us our money every day. When we’d leave the job in the afternoon, we were paid off, and if you pay me off and I drink, I’ma[sic] come home and I’ma[sic] drink up my money, and tomorrow I’m gon’[sic] be sick and I’m not able to come to work. So your job is still going on, but I’m so sick ‘cause I done[sic] got my money overnight and I’m drunk. I can’t come to work. That kind of stuff was going on, and there were many years you could see, at the ending of the season—every season have[sic] an ending. There was[sic] a lot of crops to be throwed[sic] away, Muha Hm. Matthew ’Cause the manpower wasn’t there to work it, because you pay me every night, I feel like, I—no, I ain’t goin’ to work tomorrow. I got me some money in my pocket. Muha Yeah. Matthew That’s the way I feel about it. I don’t know how anybody else feel[sic], but I feel that African Americans begin to lag on the job. You give them all that power and now you want to snatch it down from them. So the best way to snatch it away from them is to replace them, and that’s what they did. It was—it was sad. The year they replaced them, it was sad, ‘cause I was out there. I was, uh, working. Muha Yeah. Matthew And it was really sad. We didn’t have no[sic] job, and if you was a person worked[sic] seven days a week out there, and they replace you and you ain’t[sic] got nothing coming in—boy, it’s—it’s hard. Muha Yeah. Matthew It is hard. Muha Mmhmm. So, um—so this was—just for the recording—in 1996, uh, through 1998? Matthew It was in the ‘90s. Muha What was in the [inaudible]… Matthew I think it was in the earlier ‘90s. Muha But in 1996 to 1998… Matthew Mmhmm. Muha A lot of the farms around Lake Apopka were shut down. Matthew Mmhmm. Muha Um, but this was before that, you’re saying, when—when the black farmworkers were replaced? Matthew Replaced, yeah. Muha Replaced, yeah. Matthew Mmhmm, I think it was about ’92-‘90—’91-’92—’92/’93. Muha Okay. Matthew When African Americans was[sic] replaced. Muha Uh huh. Matthew And then right after that the farmworkers—the farm was shut down. Muha And do you remember… Matthew Only one farm was left open. That’s what they called the Sang[?] Farms. Muha Uh huh, and do you remember, uh—so before that—before—while—while you were still working, what were—what were relations like between black farmworkers and Mexican farmworkers, Or Hispanic or Caribbean farmworkers? Matthew There wasn’t any relationship because when they—when they—when they—if you go to work, and a Spanish person is in what we call “the stall,” in one of the positions on the machine or whatever, he don’t say nothing[sic] to you, you don’t say nothing[sic] to him. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew I mean, you work. If he say[sic] something to you, then you, you know—we try to—most American—most—most African-American people probably my age and down took Spanish in school. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew So we try to, you know, [laughs] comprehend the little Spanish that we… Muha Yeah. Matthew Took in school. “Good morning.” “How you doing?” “My name is this,” and… Muha Right. Matthew So on. Muha Right. Matthew Eh, but if they don’t say anything to us, we work all day and don’t say anything to them. Muha Okay. Matthew Mmhmm. Muha So… Matthew And then there was a Mexican guy come[sic] around named Mexican Pete. He start[sic] getting—organizing farmworkers and then he got a crew—he the only Mexican that had a crew, but he went to school and he learned English really good[sic], so all Afri—all African Americans likeded[sic] him. Muha Mmhmm, when did you start noticing, uh, Hispanic farmworker—like a presence of Hispanic farmworkers on—on farms in Apopka and in Florida? Matthew Yeah, well, on farms in Apopka, I started noticing them—a large percentage of ‘em in 1989. Muha Hm. Matthew Mmhmm. Muha So that’s when a lot had come or a lot had—you had noticed a lot of them, that had already been there… Matthew Mm… Muha But now made up a large segment or… Matthew They was[sic] coming. Muha They were coming? Okay. Matthew Mmhmm. Muha Okay, and, um—and yeah, so I mean, how did that—did that change the workplace at all before a lot of the black farmworkers were fired, as you say? Matthew Did it change? Muha Yeah, I mean, was—was there something different about, um, the workplace or the way the crew leaders treated you or anything like that? Matthew No, it wasn’t—they—hm, they just come[sic] to us and just told us what it was going be, and the crew leaders told the crew leaders, so the crew leaders probably held it under they[sic] belt a week—didn’t want to tell us, and then finally, it got out. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And then, when it got out, a lot of people didn’t want to believe it, you know? Well, those like me that were smart and—and knew it was going to happen, felt like it was going to happen, went on and looked for a job. Muha Okay. Matthew You know? Muha So… Matthew Most of it—most of the farmworkers, they, um, had programs trying to get them to go to school, but a lot of farmworkers could not go to school. They[sic] hands all cramped all up like that with arthritis, and they[sic] feets[sic] and stuff all messed up from all the, uh, sores and stuff working on the farm. Muha Right. Matthew And they—they just—they just could not—could not, um, take—they was[sic] offering us typing classes and computer classes and—wasn’t none[sic] of us computer literate at all, so… Muha Yeah. Matthew It just was a mess. Muha Uh huh. Matthew So I—I landed a job taking people to school every morning. Muha Okay. Matthew You know, picking them up in the evening for the trainings, but they knew that—the state knew that eventually they was gonna be that—deal with that. So the program close[sic] down and left the people shut out again. So you kept promising us—they kept promising us and promising us and trying to open up doors, and the doors that they were opening up, like the computer classes, they didn’t last long. The truck-driving classes did—I can’t tell you not[sic] a one man that got a job with the truck driving school. Muha Yeah. Matthew It just—every—there wasn’t nothing[sic] falling through. So right now, those of us that worked in the fields—all the promises that you made to us, right now, we don’t believe nothing[sic] you got to say. Don’t come telling me nothing[sic] about, “Well, they gonna open up a program, and this program going to help farmworkers do this,” ‘cause I’m not going to believe it because I’ve been deceived so many times. So that’s where we are now. So most of the farmworkers that work now, they’ll sit. They can’t do nothing[sic]. They’re on disability [insurance]. Our young farmworkers, you know—you done sprayed us with your chemicals all your life—all our life, because most children start working in the fields back in them[sic] days when you was[sic] six years old, you know? You take your children to work with you, but then, when it got in the—in the ‘9—‘80s, they: “Oh, you can’t bring your children in the field no more.” The damage is done. I had a daughter—three—had a stroke at three years old. Muha Yeah. Matthew Because she was in the field with me every day. Muha Right. Matthew You know? The damage is done. You done took ‘em out there for a few years, and then in the ‘80s, they decided that they wouldn’t let you—you bring your children in the field no[sic] more. Muha Mmhmm, alright. So—so you said after—after a lot of the black farmworkers were fired, most of them went to school on some program? Matthew Mmhmm, yeah. Muha [inaudible]… Matthew Yeah. Muha Numerous skills. Do you know what happened—So after they went to school, did they—did some of them find jobs in oth—other industries or… Matthew The only… Muha Do you know what happen to [inaudible]? Matthew Well, the only ones found[sic] jobs—the only African-Americans[sic] women… Muha Right. Matthew That found jobs was because of me, because there wasn’t a list of who were[sic] hiring you. There was a list of—for[sic] you could go and go to school to be retrained. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew That’s what they claimed. They was[sic] retraining us into other job fields, but what I did is[sic] I called different agencies that knew where women can get medical training, and a lot of women went to the medical training and they got jobs in nursing homes. They become what they call a “tech[nician].” They got jobs in nursing homes, they got jobs in shelters for boys and shelters for the handicapped, and the men—the men—they were hard—they were hard for the men. We got mens[sic] and—and—work up until [inaudible], and then they started dying. We lost a lot of farmworkers. Uh, at points you go to a funeral every weekend. Muha Yeah. Matthew Somebody you worked beside have[sic] died. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew Well, it was hard for a man to get a job. So the—the women became head of the house, and that’s when they lost their hand with the childrens[sic]. No respect in the house, because the man wasn’t there to put—to say nothing, ‘cause you’re not putting nothing in here, so the child[sic] looking at—you’re not putting nothing in here, so you don’t have no say here. So the—the bigger boys—they bullied their mama and all of that. So right now there’s a lot of crisis in people[sic] home, because the father was put out of work due to the closing of Lake Apopka. Muha Uh huh. Matthew They want to make Orange County this big metropolitan area. They swiped up all the orange trees. You can’t go pick oranges, but when you were—when you—when all of this stuff exists, you could take your childrens[sic] to the grove and make ‘em work. You—I could take you on a street here in Apopka, right now, with about 60 or 70 young men just standing on the corner, but they graduated from high school. Muha Yeah. Matthew But they still live home with their mama. They don’t think they[sic] got[sic] to go to work. The runs—they rule they[sic] mama[sic] house, but with me, it was a different story, because your butt was gonna go to work. You wasn’t[sic] gon’[sic] live in here and don’t[sic] work, you know, but a lot of parents scared[sic] of their children. They was[sic] afraid. They [inaudible] this day. Muha Yeah. Matthew The—the young boys run they[sic] mama’s house. Muha Mmhmm. Hm. Matthew It’s—it—it—it hurt us. It hurt us and I don’t think—I don’t think that our leaders of our country understand that. I don’t think they understand that—you got—and it’s so easy. It’s so easy to understand. You[sic] got to realize we come from slavery. We were poor. We were ran[sic] down all our lives. Now, you want us not to apply? The same thing you did to me not to apply it to my child? So my child disrespect[sic] me, because my child can say, “I’ll call the police on you.” Police come on out, what they gon’ do? Handcuff me and take me to jail, because I whipped his butt, ‘cause he stayed out all night long. That’s the way things are now. Muha Hm. Matthew And it really hurt the parent. It hurt—killing the parent. You can’t be a parent in your own house. Mm-mm. I got a 22-year-old grandson here with me. He just come[sic] back here. Last Saturday morning, I woke up, he laying[sic] in my bedroom with a girl. I said, “What is this?” I called him out and talked with him. This is no respect. All my life I respect[sic] my children. Now, this is no respect. Muha Jm. Matthew So I give[sic] him time[sic] period to get out of here. I’m not going—I don’t have to tolerate with that. I don’t have to tolerate with[sic] that, but you don’t want to go look for a job. He do[sic] not go look for a job. Daily, he laying[sic] up in here. You can’t—you—I mean, lack of work causing[sic] a lot of problems in your home, and there’s no work here for a young man. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew There’s no work. Muha Mmhmm. Well, thank you for telling me all[sic] that. Matthew Hm. Muha Um, so, I wanted to ask about ray[?]—okay, so I wanted to ask about—we were talking about, you know, what a lot of farmworkers did after they were either fired or after the shutdown of Lake Apopka farms. Um, for you—I—I know that you got involved in a lot of environmental justice work. Matthew Yes. Muha And I—I was wondering if you could tell me about that. Matthew Well, I was, um, like I said, advocating for poor people[sic] rights for a long time. Very young kid wi—with the organization, and, um, when I start[sic] with—working with the environment people in Orange County, it was like a different ballgame. I organized and organized and organized peoples[sic] to come to m—meetings, where we could talk about the rights of farmworkers, of laws that needed to be put in for farmworkers. Um, the first law I worked with was asking—giving farmworkers the right to know what type of pesticide was being used in the work area. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew That was the first law that we fought for. Finally, years of fighting in Tallahassee, years of walking the floors, I, um—they passed the law.<a title="">[1]</a> They finally passed the law. Muha What? Matthew Finally, they passed the law, giving us the right to know what type of farm work we were—what type of pesticide we were working in, after about 20 percent of African Americans in Apopka had passed away. Muha Yeah. Matthew And, um, we continue to fight for other improvements, like drinking clean drinking water in the fields. Muha Right. Matthew When I was there, there wasn’t clean drinking water. We finally got that deal passed, um, where we could have clean drinking water in the fields. Um, better working equipment for farmworkers, like rubber gloves, rubber boots, rain coats. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew And stuff like that. Some of the companies got away with it, but some of the companies went on and bowed down and gave us the equipment we—the proper equipment we needed to work in. Um, as far as going to the doctor, like accidents happen bad[sic] in the fields, and, um, we would go to the company doctor. Finally, we managed to get around that and, um, get a good—good—better medic[sic] care—medical care. Muha Yep. Matthew When we’d get cut sometimes, you know, we work with knives… Muha Right. Matthew And—and sometimes we get cut. Like you[sic] working here and somebody working there, they got[sic] their knives set up and you[sic] doing this here all day and your arm—elbow hit the knife and bust[sic] it all open. You got[sic] to go to the hospital, and they don’t take you to the hospital. They take you to a regular doctor, and he patch[sic] you up and send[sic] you home. Muha Yeah. Matthew We finally got, you know, help with that, but a lot of changes. We see a lot of changes, but it’s[sic] still a long way to go. Muha Yeah. Matthew Still a long way to go because they’re still using pesticide. They’re still making pesticide. They’re still using pesticide. Our babies are still being born deformed, so we have a long way to go. Muha Yeah, yeah. Absolutely, and, you know, you mentioned your—your kids and your grandkids… Matthew Mmhmm. Muha A few times throughout this. I—I’m wondering how they perceived farm labor. Did any of them have interest in doing that, or… Matthew Well, my kids worked the fields. Muha Right. Matthew All six of my kids worked the fields. My grandkids never worked the fields, because when they came along, I was stone against them going in the fields. Um, they came along at the ending of the term, where[sic] children were no longer to go out there anyway. So they didn’t get a chance to work the fields, but, um, all of my kids did. Muha Mmhmm. Okay, and, um, lastly from you, I think, I wanted to ask about the book, Fed Up[: the High Costs of Cheap Food], um, by Dale Finley Slongwhite. Um, could you tell me a little bit about that and your part in that? Matthew Fed Up is a book that I’m proud of and I’m not proud of. The reason I say “I’m proud of,” because[sic] it was the first book that I ever had been involved in, and “I’m not proud of” is because I think that I left a lot out the book, and, um, I wanted to do three versions of the book. So I had[sic] talked with, um, what’s her name? [phone rings] Matthew Do a second version and a third version, but if I can do the second version, maybe I could capture a lot of stuff I left out. [phone rings] Matthew It’s like I was saying, um, there’s a lot I want to add to Fed Up. Um, and I would like more pictures in the book, because, um, peoples[sic] really need to actually see what our peoples[sic] are going through—um, the lesions on the s—the legs, the feet, the amputations of the toes, the amputation of the feet, legs—because of all of the pesticide where it had deteriorated the skin, and, um, I’d like to get more[sic] deeper into the labor camps. It’s[sic] a lot that I left out, because I wasn’t thinking. I’m thinking that, uh, when the book was gonna be wrote[sic], it gonna be like a mini-book [laughs]. I didn’t realize it was gonna be a story—um, a nice book. I’m just looking at it like it’s gonna be a—be a little, short mini-book, and, um, I imagine everybody that played a part in the book—about eight of us— I would imagine if—if everybody can really redo their story, it’ll be more awesome than what it is. Muha Yeah. Matthew Because a lot of people left out stuff that should’ve been told, you know? There was a—um, a lot of death in our family, due to, um, the DDT<a title="">[2]</a> that they used. People lost their family, and they didn’t talk about that in the book. Um, how we come from work and we[sic] riding on the bus, and when we get home, we think the other person sitting over on the bus sleeping[sic]. The person dead[sic], because of the chemicals that we worked in all day long. Muha Yeah. Matthew We didn’t talk about that in the book, and I would like to, you know, let people know these things actually happen. You[sic] going home from work and when you get there you[sic] hollering, “Mr. Clyde! Mr. Clyde!” And you—“Mr. Clyde!” You think he[sic] sleep. He[sic] dead, you know? Muha Yeah. Matthew Those things happen, and we didn’t talk about none of that in the book. We didn’t know how much room or space or whatever we had in the book. Muha Yeah. Matthew So I asked her about second and third version, and we didn’t—a lot of stuff—when I read the book, on my—my part of the book, I—I wasn’t pleased. I wasn’t happy with—with—with the part that I wrote—that she wrote for me, and then I read the other people[sic] part, and I know their history, and same thing with them. You know, they don’t talk about it, ‘cause[sic] when you say, uh, “We gon’[sic] write a book.” You know, you—you never wrote a book before, so you[sic] not—you[sic] not thinking good, you know? Muha Yep, right. Matthew But if we can—another book could re—be redid[sic] [laughs], it’d be awesome. Muha Yep. Matthew We left a lot out. Muha Well, is there anything—you said you—there are things you wanted—wish you could’ve included. Is there anything that you haven’t told me thus far that you want to include in this interview? Uh… Matthew Well, in—in—in the book? I talked a little about the treatment of the African-American women and the crew leaders. Not the growers, the crew leaders. I talked just a little bit about that. That should’ve been brought wide open. Should’ve been blowed[sic] up, because a lot of young girls have babies—they’ll never know who the father[sic], because the crew leaders and his[sic] what we call “henchmens”[sic] would come in and have sex with those girls like they was—they wanna, you know? Muha Yeah. Matthew And we didn’t express too much of that in the book. Muha Right. Matthew You know? If you had a father that drank, a mother that drank—oh, God. You didn’t have nobody[sic] in your corner. The crew leaders do whatever they want to do. Mmhmm, yeah. Muha Mmhmm. Matthew As I can recall, one time I was going—my mom had got[sic] me up early. Uh, our day begin[sic] by five o’clock, and she sent me to the store to get a loaf of bread and there was a man waiting in the dark on me when I got to get the bread, and he jumped right at me and grabbed me, but I was so fast I snatched the loaf from him and I ran home and I told my mom, and my mom went over there and my mom jumped on the man and told him don’t try anything like that on none[sic] of her childrens[sic] again in life. She would kill him, and I—we never had problems with him again, but just imagine if I had a mama that didn’t do that. Every time he saw me, he would’ve give[sic] me a problem. Muha Yep. Matthew But my mama let him know that, you know, she was not taking no crap like that. Muha Right. Matthew But then a lot of the girls, their mama never say[sic] one word, and it went over and over and over again. Muha Uh huh. Matthew Mmhmm. Muha Thank you for telling me that. Matthew Yes. Muha Is there anything else you want to tell me before we conclude the interview? Matthew That’s it. Muha That’s it. Matthew That’s about it. Muha Okay. Well, thank you so much, Geraldean. Matthew Okay. Muha Again, this was Jared Muha and Geraldean Matthew on October 30th, 2014. Okay, this is Jared Muha with Geraldean Matthew on October 30th again, uh, for a second session interview. Um, Geraldean, I wanted to ask, uh, what is your impression of, uh, farms today in Florida and, you know, treatment of Latino workers, uh, who are on the farms? Matthew You know, the farms today have changed very much because now most farmworkers, uh, get their own place to stay, but, as for the Latino workers—women—the ones that are still housed in labor camps, they are treated really bad[sic] by the crew leaders. If they are undocumented and have daughters, the crew leaders think that the daughter should be their woman or their wife or their girlfriend, and they mistreat the women very bad[sic]. Um, what brought that to my attention was, uh, when I was doing HIV<a title="">[3]</a> prevention, went into the homes talking and, um, passing out, uh, HIV materials on the camps, uh—how the men would treat the women when they tried to get protection. They didn’t want the women to get condoms for—from us or female condoms from us or whatever. So it’s a problem to me, because it seems like nobody[sic] really paying that Latino group attention, just like they didn’t pay the African-American group attention back in the ‘50s, ‘60s, ‘70s, and ‘80s. So, um, it kind of bothers me a lot, you know, seeing that happening, and, um, seeing how the women have to take up their young children—their young daughters and run at night and try to find another place when the crew leaders come, um, pounding on their doors and demanding that they open the doors and demanding for[sic] sex. I don’t think that should be like that, and yes, it does disturb me. Muha Mmhmm. Well, thank you for telling me that. Uh, is there anything else you wanted to include? Matthew That’s it. Muha Okay. Matthew That’s all. Muha So this is Jared Muha and Geraldean Matthew on October 30th, 2014. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Alfredo Bahena Act. </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, a pesticide banned in 1972. </div> <div> <a title="">[3]</a> Human immunodeficiency virus. </div> </div> Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/aaf3e9e626e5f3a4b798bb5dfd7ca844.mp3" target="_blank">Oral History of Geraldean Matthew</a> agricultural labor agriculture Alfredo Bahena Act Apopka apples arthritis beans Belle Glade carrots cherries cherry citrus civil rights clean drinking water contraception corn corporal punishment crew leaders Dale Finley Slongwhite David Overfield DDT dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane discrimination domestic violence educational programs environmental advocacy environmental justice environmental law environmentalism FAF Farm Workers Association Farmworker Association of Florida farmworkers farmworkers' rights FDOH Fed Up: The High Costs of Cheap Food FFB Florida Department of Health Florida Department of Health in Orange County Florida Farmworkers Bureau foliage FWA Geraldean Matthew Geraldean Shannon Graveyard Quarters Hispanic Americans Hispanics HIV human immunodeficiency virus Jared Muha Jeannie Economos kidney dialysis kidney disease labor labor camps labor rights laborers Lake Apopka maggot workers Merita Bread Mexican Americans Mexican Pete Mexicans Miami Michigan migrant farms migrant farmworkers migrant labor migrant laborers migrant workers Mount Dora National Farm Workers Association NFWA nursing home technicians Orange County Health Department oranges Palm Beach pesticides protected sex retraining right to know safe sex segregation sexual abuse slavery slaves string beans Tallahassee traffic trucks tramp trucks tramps underemployment undocumented workers unemployment vegetables workplace injuries https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ebc980fc9d13db0bcd5793015f93ddb6.pdf c89536571af9b880da1eb9b33521d283 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title LGBTQ+ Collection Is Part Of LGBTQ+ Collection, RICHES Program Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"> </div> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Patty Sheehan Alternative Title Oral History, Patty Sheehan Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Mass shootings Memorials--Florida Gay liberation movement Gay rights Municipal government--United States Description An oral history interview of Patty Sheehan, Orlando’s first openly gay city commissioner. The interview was conducted by Kalynn Smith at Sheehan’s offices at Orlando City Hall in Orlando, Florida, on April 11th, 2017. Some of the topics covered include an introduction, how the challenges of growing up gay shaped her activism, how coming out affected her familial relationships and career, identifying items in her collection, Michael’s March and bringing together the gay and lesbian communities over HIV/AIDS, the stigma of HIV/AIDS and how shame kills, facing discrimination while running for office, civil rights activism as city commissioner, becoming an advocate for marriage equality, and her favorite accomplishments as City Commissioner. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:01:52 How challenges of growing up gay shaped activism 0:06:05 How coming out affected familial relationships and career 0:12:49 Identifying items in collection 0:15:25 Michael’s March and bringing together the gay and lesbian communities over HIV/AIDS 0:23:38 The stigma of HIV/AIDS and how shame kills 0:28:51 Facing discrimination while running for office 0:33:22 Civil rights activism as city commissioner 0:37:22 Becoming an advocate for marriage equality 0:44:14 Favorite accomplishments as City Commissioner Abstract Oral history interview of Patty Sheehan. Interview conducted by Kalynn Smith in Orlando, Florida, on April 11, 2017. Type Moving Image Source Sheehan, Patty. Interviewed by Kalynn Smith, April 11, 2017. Audio record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/207" target="_blank">LGBTQ+ Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Has Format Digital transcript of original 53-minute, and 1-second oral history: Sheehan, Patty. Interviewed by Kalynn Smith. Audio record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. Coverage Audubon Park Covenant Church, Orlando, Florida Greenwood Cemetery Lake Eola Park Orlando Pulse nightclub Creator Sheehan, Patty Smith, Kalynn Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2017-04-11 Date Copyrighted 2017-04-11 Format video/mp4 application/pdf Extent 342 MB Medium 53-minute, and 1-second audio recording 25-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Humanities Teacher Provenance Originally created by Patty Sheehan and Kalynn Smith and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Ogles, Jacob. "<a href="http://www.advocate.com/pride/2016/10/06/pride-orlando-will-take-new-meaning" target="_blank">Pride in Orlando Will Take on New Meaning</a>." The Advocate, October 6, 2016. Accessed October 18, 2016. http://www.advocate.com/pride/2016/10/06/pride-orlando-will-take-new-meaning. Hyman, Jamie. "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/2016/06/16/community-rises-mass-shooting-orlando-gay-nightclub-kills-49/" target="_blank">Community rises up after mass shooting at Orlando gay nightclub kills 49</a>." Watermark, June 16, 2016. Accessed October 18, 2016. http://www.watermarkonline.com/2016/06/16/community-rises-mass-shooting-orlando-gay-nightclub-kills-49/. Manes, Billy. "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/2015/10/22/five-for-fighting-orlando-city-commissioner-patty-sheehan-isnt-going-anywhere/" target="_blank">Five for fighting: Orlando City Commissioner Patty Sheehan isn't going anywhere</a>." Watermark, October 22, 2015. Accessed May 17, 2017. http://www.watermarkonline.com/2015/10/22/five-for-fighting-orlando-city-commissioner-patty-sheehan-isnt-going-anywhere/. Pilkington, Ed. "<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jun/17/orlandos-first-out-gay-elected-official-weve-been-dealing-with-hatred-forever" target="_blank">Orlando's first out gay elected official: 'We've been dealing with hatred forever'</a>. The Guardian, June 17, 2016. Accessed May 17, 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jun/17/orlandos-first-out-gay-elected-official-weve-been-dealing-with-hatred-forever. Transcript Smith S—you good? Cravero Mmhmm. Smith Alright. I am, uh, Kalynn Smith, a UCF<a title="" href="#_ftn1">[1]</a> undergraduate. I am interning for the GLBT<a title="" href="#_ftn2">[2]</a> History Museum of Central Florida. With me is Geoffrey Cravero. Um, we are conducting an oral history with Orlando City Commissioner Patty Sheehan in her offices, uh, in, um, [smacking sound] Orlando, Florida, on April 11th, 2017. Uh, Commissioner Sheehan, thank you… Sheehan Thank you. Smith …for agreeing to speak with us today. Sheehan Sure. Smith Um, I am currently working on processing your collection… Sheehan Mmhmm. Smith …with the GLBT Museum. Sheehan There’s a collection? Smith And… Sheehan [laughs]. Smith Yes [laughs]. Sheehan I didn’t realize that. Okay. Smith Yeah. It’s, uh, mostly artifacts… Sheehan Okay. Smith …and, um, a couple like journal entries. And, um, a few things like that. Sheehan Mmhmm. Smith And we just had a few questions regarding, um, uh, specific artifacts and… Sheehan Okay. Sure. Smith …some personal biography. Sheehan Alrighty. Absolutely. Smith So, um, first, if we could start off by, um, having you state your name and tell us a little bit about where you’re from. Sheehan Sure. I’m Commissioner Patty Sheehan of—I’m in Orlando, Florida. I’ve been in office since 2000. So I’ve been doing this for 17 years. Um, and I’m well-known for my advocacy of pedestrian safety, walkable neighborhoods, um, Main Street districts, which are blowing up and very exciting around Orlando, and pedestrian safety, which I got death threats for my first couple of years in office. And ended up being one the hardest things I’ve ever done. Putting sidewalks within a mile of ele—every elementary school. So people think that sometimes issues like LGBTQ<a title="" href="#_ftn3">[3]</a> can be difficult. You’d be surprised what things people will threaten you on and everything like that. So it’s not always easy being an elected official [laughs]. Smith [smacking sound] Um, what was the atmosphere like regarding LGBTQ issues when you were growing up? Sheehan Oh, gosh. I mean I was raised Catholic. So, you know, this was something that was worse than being a murderer. So I really hid who I was. I struggled very much with it. I had a really hard time. There were times I was suicidal. And I wanted to end it all because I just couldn’t accept who I was. Um, I had a very difficult time. I’ve—I’ve given a story to, um—to, you know, the folks that talk about—about suicide among young LGBTQ people because I think it’s really important. The, uh, It Gets Better Project. Because I think it’s important for young people to realize that they may struggle. I struggled. Um, and it, you know—just because it’s—maybe it’s somewhat easier now to come out and be who you are, we still have a long way to go. Um, there’s still children being bullied in school. There are still children who are not being accepted for who they are in terms of transgender issues. People can still be fired from their jobs for who they are. So, you know, I get some blowback for those folks who say, “Patty, why can’t you just be quiet? Why can’t you just blend in? Why can’t you just—why can’t we just have unity?” Well, that’s usually what’s said by the dominant culture when they want to put you down. “Oh. Well, Black Lives Matter and the LGBTQ community and all these people are making it difficult for us.” No. You’ve actually made it difficult for us. And we’re just trying to live and be who we are. And it’s re—something that’s really, really, um, offensive to me and—is this notion somehow that we have to bury who we are. “Oh. Ya’ll have the right to marriage. Why can’t you just be quiet?” Um, you know, there’s always been this desire to keep the LGBTQ people in the closet. And I find that very offensive. Uh, I was talking to, eh—years and years ago, I was talking to, um, uh, an African-American activist. And she says, “Well, you know, you’re difference is—is different from mine because you can hide yours.” And I asked her, “If you could hide your difference, would you? Would you hide your skin color if you could?” And she looked at me. And it was an “aha moment” for her. And I can’t even believe—I don’t even know where that came from out of me. ‘Cause I’m not even—I’m not—I don’t think—I don’t consider myself that eloquent. But Pat—then people that—“why don’t you just hide who you are?” Well, you know what? When you’re work—when you’re at work with people and they all talk about where they went on—you know, on vacation or on—what they did on the weekend, you know it—it’s[sic] puts you in a very difficult situation. When I was a younger woman, I was, you know, attractive woman. “Where’s your boyfriend?” Where—you know, there is—there is—people don’t understand because they’re straight that these are things that they take for granted. And these are things that we can’t—couldn’t talk about back then. So I think there’s still a long way to go. I’m—I’ve been very, um, vocal since the Pulse tragedy, uh, that this happened to the LGBTQ community. And even our allies—some of our allies have gone back on me and said, “Why can’t you just be nice? Why can’t you just be unified?” And I’m like, “You can’t erase us. Yes. There were straight people that died at Pulse, too. But that doesn’t mean that we have to erase who we are to make it okay. Um, they were—they were targeted because they were young, they were gay and they were Latin—you know, QLatinx. They were people of color. And they were straight allies. And there—we shouldn’t have to erase who they were in order to make it okay for everybody else. Because we do have to take, as a culture, responsibility for how we te—how we treat LGBTQ people.” In our churches—one of the most amazing things that happened to me after Pulse happened, um—after we’re dealing with all the issues of the tragedy, I had come here to City Hall and Mayor [Teresa] Jacobs’s office called me. And I went running over there. And she—and it was a—it was a group of clergy. And they were having a press conference. And they were talking about, “We do not agree with the Baptist Church. [inaudible] wanna say their name. That’s coming here to demonstrate at the funerals of these victims.” They had never dealt with that. I’ve been dealing with that for, you know, 30 plus years. I understand what it’s like to deal with hateful people that carry signs that say, “God hates fags.” This was their first time of dealing with it. And our religious leaders came out and said, “This is not who we are.” I could not have been more proud. And felt so amazing during that time. That’s unity. Not telling me to shut up about who I am [sighs]. Smith Um, how were or are your familial relationships affected by your coming out? Sheehan [laughs]. When I first came out, I was 21. And like I said, I really, really struggled. And it wasn’t a matter of my parents supporting me. I had moved out at 17 because I was different and there were issues that I couldn’t deal with my parents. And, uh, so I basically started—I mean I started taking care of myself at 17. And so it wasn’t any reason for me to, you know—to—to hide who I was. Other than the fact that, um—I mean I—I wanted to have a relationship with my family. And I thought that that was gonna be part of it. And it—it got to be more and more pressure for me because my sisters were old enough to go out. And I said, “Oh. I was at Park Avenue Club or I was at this club over the weekend.” And they’re like, “Well, we didn’t see you. We were there.” And the lying just got to take such a toll on me. And at 21, I finally came out. And [laughs] my mother’s Italian and Catholic. She said to me, “Well, we’re a family and we’re gonna stick together. But you have to understand you’ve chosen a very difficult lifestyle. And—and you can’t be a teacher now. You realize that.” ‘Cause I had wanted to be an art teacher. She goes, “You—you—you’ll be a bad influence to children.” I was like, Wow. You know? Although, the weird thing was I did change to—to journalism. Um, and I went back to art eventually. Um, but I accepted that. And s—ashamed to s—I’m not ashamed. I mean that was a pressure that was put on me. And I accepted that. And I—and I hope that young people now realize they don’t have to accept that. You’re not a bad influence because you’re LGBTQ. You’re not a bad person because you’re LGBTQ. Um, there are lots of people in this community who’ve made a lot of great contributions now that were not swept under the rug and—and forced to keep—stay in the closet. So I’m proud of many contributions of—of my community. Um, I was—it—we just watched—I just watched—I’m in the process—like I had recorded it because I couldn’t watch it. When We Rise.<a title="" href="#_ftn4">[4]</a> And I remember Cleve Jones. And I remember [inaudible]. I remember these people who—who paved the way for people like me. And I think it’s important to tell our history because we tend to forget it. And I think that’s why this project is so important. And why oral history projects are so important. Because the dominant culture does want to erase us. They do want to erase people in the movement. The Women’s Movement. They do want erase people in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. Um, because it makes them feel com—more comfortable who they are. Because they don’t want to accept the fact that they did things that were wrong. There’s a whole movement to erase the Holocaust. And the fact that it happened to the Jewish community. Because the dominant culture isn’t comfortable with dealing with the fact that this happened and some of them were complicit with it. So I’m not about making people comfortable when they do the wrong thing. And if they blow back on me—this has always been a risk for me. When I was at the Florida Department of Agriculture and I stood up for people in my office because they were people of color or people of Jewish faith, I was—I was punished for it. As a—you know, I—I was denied management positions because of my s—because of standing up for others. I was up for—I finally was up for a promotion at work. And, um, I had gone to the March on Washington for LGBTQ rights in I think it was 1992.<a title="" href="#_ftn5">[5]</a> ‘Cause I went to—I went to a couple of them. There was one in the ‘80s and one in the ‘90s. And I can’t remember the exact date. But I’d gone to the—to the second march. And, um, I took—I took my vacation time. And I happened to be in the back of a photograph. I wasn’t even the—the focus of the photograph. I didn’t even know the person was taking it. I was basically getting out of a train to go to Washington[, D.C.]. And I was in the background. And someone took—took that picture out of the paper, faxed it to my division director in Tallahassee[, Florida] and made sure I got demoted. That was my life. And when I called to complain, ‘cause I had actually helped the State of Florida deal with a lot of personnel issues. I was, you know, the person that they sent around to help deal with it—go—as part of my management training. They said, “We’re sorry, Patty. There’s nothing we can do to protect you. We can protect women. We can protect minorities. But we can’t protect you because your class isn’t protected.” So I’ve lived this. This has happened to me. And I think it’s important, you know—I’m not bitter. I mean I get better. I don’t get bitter, I get better. It was a hard thing to deal with at the time. And I was angry. But, um—but I had to find a way to persevere. And eventually, the manager that—the—the—the guy higher up that demoted me ended up getting in trouble for bad behavior at work [laughs]. And, uh, I had a new boss. And I came out to him. He goes, “Why—why are—why are people so reluctant to let me, eh, promote you?” I said, “Because I’m gay.” He said, “Well, that’s stupid.” I’m like, “Well, I know that.” He goes, “You have to understand that not everybody is as comfortable with your sexual orientation as you are.” I said, “It’s not my job to make them comfortable.” He said, “Touché.” And he promoted me. And I thought, Wow. That’s really cool. So, you know, there are allies all along the way that you’re gonna find if you’re willing to stand up for who you are. And it wasn’t easy. Um, I’m—that day that I had to meet with that—with that manager, I was throwing up. I was so—so nervous. Um, when I first ran for office, I was so nervous whenever I had to talk because I was, you know—I was afraid of how it was gonna come up. And I was at a debate one time, um, gosh, at the Audubon Park Covenant Church. Because I was running for office and there was a bunch of us. And, uh, one of the—one of the people stood up and said—um, one of the candidates—one of the—the question, which was clearly aimed at me, was, “Should candidates make an issue of their sexual orientation?” And one of the candidates—candidates stood up and said, “Well, I have a wife. And I have a child. But I don’t think anybody should flaunt their lifestyle.” And I got up there and I said, “Well, it’s very interesting. ‘Cause when my opponent says about his life, it’s charming. When I talk about my life, it’s flaunting.” And a hundred and fif—fifty people in that church that were sitting there listening to that got it. And there were people that ran after me and apologized for that question. So it’s not always easy to make change. And I lost that 1996 election. But I won the next one. So it is, you know—for me, and I think for our movement, it is incremental change. And it’s not easy. And it is something that you have to fight for. But it’s not something that I’m ever willing to—to lay down. And I won’t until the day I die. Um, and the day I die I will be laid at the feet of all the Pulse victims because that’s where I bought my cemetery plot in Greenwood [Cemetery]. I wanna watch over—I wanna watch over those kids forever. Because that’s been—that’s—that’s a part—that’s a part that’s interwoven in my soul. You know? That they were viciously attacked for who they were. And we need to keep telling that story. Because of people are already trying to—they call it “straight-wash” it. But, you know? It’s—it can’t be. We have to talk about how hatred killed them and how we have to be better people as a result of it to honor their memory [sighs]. Sorry [laughs]. Smith No. You’re good. Um, how did you come to obtain the Paul [Efthemios] Tsongas and Brian Arbogast [de Hubert-Miller] 1992 election i.d. tags? Sheehan What? Smith They’re in your collection. Sheehan [sighs] I can’t remember [laughs]. Smith Oh. [laughs] That’s okay. Sheehan It’s Paul and—and Brian? Smith Mmhmm. Sheehan Gosh. I—I don’t know. Really? Maybe they got stuck in there by accident. Because Brian was friend of mine. Um, he helped me with, um—with—he was one of the original founders of, um, what was then Orla—Orlando Regional Pride. And then I knew him. Um, uh, so that’s how I knew Brian Arbogast de Hubert-Miller. Um, and we used to call him “Alphabet Man” because he kept adding, you know—it’s part of his culture. [laughs] He was like, “You know, I’m—I’m Hispanic. So we have a lot of names.” And so he kept adding names. And we were—we laughed and called him “Alphabet Man”. Um, I don’t know how Paul’s came into—to be in my collection. I don’t know. Um, uh, you know, I—eh, during the Names Project, we would—we—we, uh,—we were, uh, carrying names of people who had passed of—of HIV<a title="" href="#_ftn6">[6]</a> and AIDS.<a title="" href="#_ftn7">[7]</a> But those weren’t the names that I carried. ‘Cause—‘cause I don’t think either one of them—no. I can’t remem—I don’t think either one of them passed from AIDS. Um, but, um, there—there was an i.d. tag though that I had that I carried that was, um, a—a, um—it was, uh, from LCN Express.<a title="" href="#_ftn8">[8]</a> And it had my name. And I had it made. Maybe that’s how the i.d. tag accidentally got in my collection. Because we all had—I had an i.d. tag made in case I was a victim of violence at the march that they would know who I was. So it had—it had my name, it had the LCN Express, was the affiliation of the group that I was with, and it had my address on it. It was basically dog tags in case anything happened to me. But that’s the only dog tag that I can recall that, uh—that I had from that time. That and—and one that was fabulous that had sequence on it. ‘Cause, you know, it had a rainbow on it. It was beautiful [laughs]. I am who I am [laughs]. That’s crazy. I—you—that’s so funny. You know? I don’t know how those got in there. Smith Yeah. We had no idea either. We just kind of… Sheehan Wow. Smith …figured we’d ask. Sheehan Nope. I don’t know. Yeah. Okay. What else you got? Smith Uh, what was Michael’s March? And what was your role within it? Sheehan Michael’s March [laughs]? I have no idea [laughs]. Smith That’s okay. Sheehan Yeah. Smith It’s like a letter or something. And it’s—you have it titled “Michael’s March”. Sheehan Oh. That’s from LCN. Okay. Um, back, um, in the ‘80s, there was a big division between men and women in the community. The—the LGBTQ and the gay community. And, um, after the men started getting sick, they were moving in with the lesbians. The lesbians were actually taking care of them. And LCN had kind of been an organization for women—was women’s only space. And a lot of the men were really offended by that. And I’m like, “Look. You guys call us ‘fish’ and you’re really mean to us. So you know? We—we have our own space. You know? That’s our thing.” But when the—the men started getting sick, a lot of us start—you know? A lot of women started taking care of them. And—and—and everything. And the community really started coming together. So when we went to the March on Washington—and I—again, I can’t remember which one. It was Michael Wanzie’s letter I’m pretty sure [sniffs]. Um, that was Michael’s—that—I think that was Michael’s story, um, that he had submitted to LCN, um, about his partner dying. I think that’s the letter that you’re talking about. Um, and Lou Tozer and a bunch of the folks that were really involved with the LCN were very much touched by it. And wanted to include it in our newsletter even though we only allowed women to write for the newsletter. So that—think I’m remembering that right. But I would get into it with Michael a little bit later because, you know—because they would—they—again, there were these issues about allowing women into the what they called at the time gay community services. And representing the rights of women. And it wasn’t easy with the gay men either sometimes. You know? And I mean they weren’t sensitive to women’s culture. And they weren’t sensitive to—to our issues. And I was glad over time that they added GLBCS. You know? Gay Lesbian Bisexual Community Services. And now, you know, we’ve added T<a title="" href="#_ftn9">[9]</a>. And we’ve—we’ve—we’ve been more inclusive. But that wasn’t easy. And there’s been many times when Michael and I tangled because, you know, we said, “Hey. You know? You gotta include women’s issues, too.” So—but Michael’s March was about losing his, um—his partner. His reaction to the march, which was, um, very emotional. Um, and again, I’m trying to remember which year were—was the year the [NAMES Project] AIDS [Memorial] Quilt was unveiled. In ’87 or, gosh, ’90. I—I n—I need to do my research because I can’t remember when the marches exactly happened. But, uh, I—I can get back to you on that. But the first march, um, I believe was the one where they unveiled the AIDS Quilt. You’ll have to go back and look. But that was the year that Whoopie Goldberg<a title="" href="#_ftn10">[10]</a> was the first person to walk out. And she was one of the first actors to actually take a stance on HIV and AIDS. And that was, uh, very emotional for a lot of us ‘cause we lost so many of our friends. I mean I’ve lost, eh—between the age of 20 and 30, I lost easily half my friends. Um, a lot of the entertainers. A lot of the—the drag queens were the first to go. Um, you know? All of a sudden, it’s—everyone started getting sick. They called it Gay-related Immune Deficiency. GRID. And all of us were t— completely panicked and freaked out. And by the time they finally had the test, of course, I took it. Because I was, you know—I was a bad girl. And I was going, Man. Do I have it? And I didn’t. You know? But lesbians had a—had a, you know, lower submission rate and everything like that. Um, a lot of my friends were dying. Um, my closest friend that died was Gary Bailey. And he was my friend and rock. And I mean I just loved that man. And, um, you know, I just couldn’t believe he was sick. And then ended up passing away. And then there was Chuck [inaudible]. And it was just—it was a time when, um, we were going to funerals. Steve Marnier[?]. He was my political, um, mentor. I mean anytime I wanted to bounce something off Steve. And every time that I wanted to do something—he was like one of the few men that really got women’s culture and understood the need for everybody to work together and everything like that. So whenever I really wanted, uh, someone as a sounding board, I would go to Steve. When I ran in 1996, he had gotten really, really sick. And he ended up getting it really early. But he had taken care of himself, so he had it for a while. But in—in ’96, when I ran the first time, um, I had gone to visit him in the hospital and he asked me to pin one of my campaign pins on his—on his hospital robe. And, uh, he died like a couple days later. And, um, I’ll never forget that. So, you know, I mean I wasn’t there when he died, but I was there when gra—when Gary died. And to watch someone pass away that you really care about, and they’re so young, and it’s so unnecessary, you just want the government to do something and to help. And there’s—n—no matter how much we marched, no matter how much we did, no matter—I mean I remember we had—the first time I stood on the AIDS Quilt, and it took up the entire mall. It was a football field of people who were dead. People we had lost. And, uh, the, uh—the amazing thing about the quilt was it actually—they—they designed it so that it was the size of a—of a funeral plot. You know? So you could really get a sense that these were people. It wasn’t like just a name written in a column or something like that. It was the physical size of a person. And, uh, yeah—so I—I think—and—and a lot of that’s forgotten. Young people go, “Oh. What’s the big deal? What’s the—why do you guys get so upset? A—AIDS is—AIDS is survivable.” But there was a time when it wasn’t. And it wasn’t that long ago. And most of us who are a little older remember that. But that’s why we’re so passionate about making sure that, um [sniffs]—that people don’t forget that. Because it was a horrible time. And, um, you know, yeah. It’s become a chronic disease. But it’s not something I would wish on anyone. And I still have friends who are suffering. You know? And I still have friends who are dying. They just die from other opportunit—or oth—other opportunistic diseases. There are some people who are still in the closet about having HIV and AIDS. There are still people who are dying of AIDS. And, uh, uh, you know? Um, we gotta keep telling that story, too. But Michael’s March was about how he lost his partner. And, uh, yeah. It’s a very poignant story. It’s lovely. Even though Wanzie and I have had our issues over the years. Um, I thought that was absolutely a lovely story. But, yeah. That’s when I was with LCN Express. That was a women’s newsletter. And I remember my friend, Joel[?] always saying to me, he’d go, “You are a separatist.” And I’m like, “You know? You have to remember though that we were women feminists. And we also had women’s culture. We—we had a double whammy. We were gay and we were lesbians. You know? We were—I mean we were—we were women. We were gay, but we were also women. We also had the—we also had to deal with the discrimination that came along with being women. And men telling us, “All you need is a good man.” And all that stuff. And the sexual harassment that I experienced as a young woman. And, you know, it—so we had to have the—a space where we could express that. Where we could kind of come to terms with that. Where we could be supported in community, too. And, you know—and—and, uh, after the marches and after HIV and AIDS, we really kind of gelled as a community. But it was a process. So yeah. There was a while when I enjoyed women’s culture. And I kind of did the separatist thing. But I also evolved to realize that we all had to work together because if we didn’t, you know, we were—we were gonna die. And the guys were dying at alarming rates. And we all needed to come together to—to do what we could to stop AIDS. And, you know, to get education. And to get testing. You couldn’t even get—you couldn’t even get reasonable, affordable testing. Those all came as a result of fighting for that for many, many years [phone rings]. Smith Um, who was Charles S., [phone rings] whom you have memorial artifacts for? Sheehan Is that Chase? Chase Smith? Smith Um, all we have is a Charles and then his last initial. S. Sheehan What do you got? I don’t know what you guys have. I need to go over there and check out what you’ve got [laughs]. Smith [inaudible]. Sheehan I mean it could be Chase. But… Smith I believe it is, um, rose pedals and a candle. Sheehan Mm. I mean, um, that might have been from the last AIDS, um, uh, vigil that we had. And, um, Chase was the aid to—to May—a—Chase was my longtime aid for many, many years. And he was also an aide to Mayor [Teresa] Jacobs. And, um, he never disclosed his status to us until he was dying. And, um, I don’t think his family wanted anybody to know that he was HIV-positive. And this just happened a few years ago. I’m almost reluctant to—you know, to do it because, um—because he didn’t want anybody to know he was HIV-positive. And it killed him. He ended up getting, uh, lymphoma, which shouldn’t have killed him. But because his—he had just contracted it and his viral load was really high. It killed him like that. And, um, you know, here—here’s someone who was openly gay, an aide to, you know, me and Mayor Jacobs, um, who wasn’t comfortable enough to ask for help. So that’s why I put Charles S. Because I didn’t want people to know who he was. Because I didn’t—wasn’t sure that [sniffs]—mm—that he would want that known. But you know? There he was. He never came to me. I wish he had come to me. I could’ve—I’d have go—I would have walked him right over to OIC<a title="" href="#_ftn11">[11]</a> to Doctor [Edwin] DeJesus. I’d have gotten the best care I could. But he didn’t feel comfortable telling me ‘cause he was ashamed. And, um, you know? Shame is a killer in my world. You know? I’ve seen it kill too many good people. We have to be—e—e—even though he knew. I mean he was an aid. He knew. All of these resources. He was too ashamed to take them up for himself. So the rose pedals and the, uh, candle were Chase. And, um, I miss him. He’s the reason those are—those pink bunnies are all around—I put those pink bunnies all over town [laughs] [sniffs]. Um, because he loved playing the Easter Bunny for kids. He was just a lovely, helpful, decent man who, uh, had his secrets. And I remember when he was dying—and it happened really quick[sic]. Um, Mayor Jacobs came to me and she goes, “Is he HIV-positive?” I’m like, “I don’t know. He didn’t disclose to me.” And I—that’s—I still struggle with that. I mean, you know? He really didn’t—he didn’t tell me until he was on his deathbed. But, um, yeah. That’s my boy, Chase. So, yeah. I’m—I’m actually delighted that’s part of my collection [clears throat]. Smith Good. Sheehan Yeah [sniffs]. Smith Um, what type of problems... Sheehan I can’t believe you got—where’d you guys get this stuff? I mean what do you guys go around following me? This is weird [laughs]. I’m kind of freaking out a little bit [laughs]. I’m like—I need to like—I need to like say, “Here [laughs]…” That’s interesting. Smith I think it was, uh, donated in 2002. If that helps at all. Sheehan [sighs]. He didn’t die that—wait a minute. No. That couldn’t have been because he didn’t die then. Smith Huh. Sheehan I need to get—I need to get together with you guys and make sure this stuff is in the proper s—sequences and stuff. Because this is just kind of a little strange. Yeah. Because that’s the only Charles S. I could think of would be Chase. And the—and the rose pedal and the candle would have been from the AIDS—but that wouldn’t have been from that long ago. So we may—might need to go over and make sure that everything’s in the proper sequence and stuff like that. Yeah. Smith Okay. Sheehan I’ll—I’ll—I’ll sit down with you. ‘Cause I want to make sure it’s right. ‘Cause it—‘cause you know as it happens some type of historical stuff. You know? It—it’s not quite in the right slot and everything like that. So I’ll—I’ll… Smith Yeah. Sheehan …go over it with you. Yeah. Smith Well, thank you. Sheehan Yeah. I’ll—I’d be glad to do that. ‘Cause it shouldn’t have been from 2002. Gosh. He didn’t even die until [sighs]—I think he’s been dead since 2013 or something. 2—2012 I think he died. Yeah. Yeah. Smith Um, what type of problems and discrimination, if any, ha—did you face during the 2000 and later elections? Sheehan Uh, ’96 was the hard one. ’96 was the one where, um, half the candidates running were gay. I was the only one who was out and open about it. Um, one of the candidates used my sexual orientation against me everywhere she went. And then she ended up going to the runoff. And then she ended up getting defeated because they actually put, um, flyers in—as an insert in all the Orlando Sentinels and all the, um, mailbox—and all the, uh, boxes. And said that Patty Sheehan lost ‘cause she’s a lesbian. And this other woman needs to lose ‘cause she’s a lesbian, too. She was—that’s how she got outed. And where they didn’t s—insert them into the papers and all the mailboxes and all the paper boxes downtown, they threw ‘em all in the intersections in these little bags. Outing this other person. And, um, she came to me and says, “What do I do?” And I’m like, “Well, you know, you used it against me. That’s kind of karma [laughs]. You know? But what you’ve gotta say is discrimination is wrong and that you’re willing to stand up for other people.” And that didn’t happen. It just became an ugly food fight. And that’s the thing. When someone attacks you, it’s the first response to get angry. But that’s what they want. They want you to get angry and frothing at the mouth and looking crazy. And what I’ve learned is I have to, you know, take a step back and take a deep breath and think before I speak, which isn’t always easy sometimes. Sometimes I still get my hackles up. Usually, that’s when I get in trouble. Um, um, because you—you’re—you’re not just speaking for yourself. You’re speaking on behalf of a community, whether you like it or not. And, um—and it’s important to do that in a way that educates and not what I—what I always call “teachable moments”. So in ’96, I lost. And I said, “Well, you know what? I only lo—I only lost that election—I only missed that runoff by like 75 votes.” And I threw that l—I threw that together with my friends in like 90 days. I said, “What if I actually worked hard and learned the issues a little bit better that people were criticizing me that I didn’t know about? And what if I really applied myself?” So for the next four years, I got all involved in—in—in city business. And got to know about the codes. And came to—to be president of my neighborhood association. Talking about things like duplexes and, you know, sidewalks. And all those things that were really impacting the neighborhoods. And got to know the other neighborhood leaders. And I ran in 2000 and I beat the incumbent. And I won. So it can be done. And I wasn’t just—even though the newspaper in 1996—they had a huge headline on Election Day, “Gay Candidate Race on Ballot”. Um, yeah. They just ma—they all—they made it all about me being gay. They didn’t make it about any of my other stances on anything. Why I was really running, which was historic preservation, and saving neighborhoods and those kinds of things. Because there was all these teardowns happening. Making better quality of life in our neighborhoods. Business. Those were the things that I ran on. But all they wanted to talk about was me being gay. And then I said, “Okay. All these people now know me. And they know I care about these issues. And I’ve known them from their neighborhoods and all that. Let’s see how this works out.” And it worked out very well for me. I won. And I’ve won every election since. And I’ve been through redistricting. And every time I go through redistricting, my colleagues try to put me in a more conservative area, thinking they’re gonna get—I’m gonna get beaten. And I just get higher and higher, you know, percentages [laughs]. So you know? I’m kind of the middle kid. I get picked on. I’ve represented more of this city than any other commissioner ‘cause they keep moving me around, hoping to get rid of me. And the bottom line is I’m not going anywhere. I’m, you know—I serve at the pleasure of my constituents. They’re my boss. And, uh, you know, I try to do the best job I can for them. And I think it’s important to be an advocate for LGBTQ issues, but I also have to balance that with, “Yes. I care about your issues, too.” But what really offends me is when people say, “Well, you’re gay so you can’t represent me.” That’s not fair. And that’s not true. Um, I think being an a—being an LGBTQ activist has made me a better commissioner because I’m not afraid to fight for what I believe is right. Regard—if that—regardless if that’s sidewalks or if that’s historic preservation. Or if it’s proper infill development. Or if it’s for fighting for small businesses. I—I—I bring that passion to all those aspects of my job. And I think that makes me a better commissioner now—[inaudible] commissioner. So, um, yeah. I think that’s—I think that’s an important point to make. ‘Cause I think a lot of people who are in the LGBTQ community who run for public office are marginalized that way. And it’s something that you have to be able to overcome. Smith How have you used your position as city commissioner to conc—to continue civil rights activism? Cravero [sniffs]. Sheehan Yeah. Uh, when I was with the, um—I was really involved with the Democratic Party many, many years ago and they asked me to be constituency outreach. And it wasn’t easy ‘cause people were angry. I mean like they—go deal with—they’ll go deal with the—the—the—the different caucuses. And then—and—and sit down and, you know, figure out what—what—what are their needs and stuff like that. And people were really angry. And the thing was they hadn’t been asked. So I go in there. I’m this little white girl. You know [laughs]? And, “What do you know about struggle?” This and that. You know? And I’m—everyone I went to I [sniffs]—I was with the African-American caucus and they were—they’re just—and I just said, “Okay. I’m just gonna listen. I’m just gonna sit here and listen to what everybody’s, you know, issues are.” And I sat there. And one of the—one of the gentlemen who was—M—Mr. Armistead[?], who I still know, said, “You hung in there.” He goes, “You just hung in there. And you listened to us.” He goes, “And you know what? That’s important. ‘Cause nobody listens to us.” Like wow. It’s like, “I can’t promise anything. But it—but it’s important to listen.” And I never—I never forgot that. Because for him to tell me, “Nobody has ever listened to me.” This is an African-American lawyer. Pretty prominent in his community. To tell me that no one had ever bothered to listen to him, that’s—that broke my heart. Um, and so I think it’s important, y—you know? I can’t promise I’m gonna fix everybody’s issues like that. You know? Nobody can promise that. Because a—again, any kind of civil rights movement, you have t—it’s incremental change. Because the—the majority’s not gonna just give it to you. You know? The don—they don’t—they don’t say, “Oh. Eh, gay and lesbian community, you want civil rights? African-American community, you want civil rights? Jewish community, you don’t wanna be discriminated against? Oh, we’ll just do this ‘cause it’s the right thing.” It doesn’t happen that way. You know? You have to educate and you have to fight for it. Um, but it’s been a—it’s been an honor to be trusted by people. And with their feelings. And with their concerns. And with their problems. And, um, if you look at it that way, um, that it’s a chance to—to bridge that divide and—and help them, that’s how I look at it. And, you know, I deal with angry people all day long. And I say, “Even a broken clock is right twice a day.” You know? Everybody’s got their—everybody has something to offer. Everybody has something to give you. Um, sometimes people are just mean. I don’t know. I mean I don’t take on everybody who wants to call me a[sic] epithet or curse at me or anything like that. I mean that’s—it—I think there’s a level of civil discourse that’s—that’s very uncivil, especially with social media “keyboard courage” I call it, that really unfortunate. But, uh—but I think overall, if you, um—if you listen and try to—to—to understand—and listen not to respond, but listen to understand, um, you’ll—you’ll—much better advocate and—and public servant. That’s just how I’ve applied it. But I mean I’ve had, you know, the Hispanic community, the African-American community, I just haven’t just dealt with the LGBTQ community, you know, over the years. And, um—and there—and there are specific needs. And there have been specific needs specifically from Pulse. I mean the QLatinx, these young Latin-American, you know, young people. Many of whom—you know, some of—some of the families didn’t claim their kids ‘cause they found out they were gay that way. I mean the—what else—what other community’s experienced that? So there are things that we need to help people with. Um, and we need to be sensitive, too. And I think a community—the community came together really well. I was very proud of how the city—the Camping World Stadium—deal with the immigration issues. I mean a lot of families weren’t even—you know, they had to come here to bury their kids. What a horrible thing. That the way this community—and it’s amazing how well this community came together to help everybody. But that doesn’t mean that we, um, brush aside their concerns as minority community. Smith How have you aided in developing marriage equality? Sheehan [laughs]. You know, um, eh, when—at first when they were talking about marriage equality, I’m like, “I’m not you’re girl.” You know [laughs]? I hadn’t had a relationship in a long time. You know? ‘Cause we were—g—gosh, we had been fighting for marriage equality forever. And—and—and, you know, in the—in the—in the, uh, early 2000s, everybody’s like, “We want you to take this one.” I was, “This really isn’t my thing. You know? I’m a lesbian. I think I got workplace equality. All those things are important to me.” But I hadn’t really been in a long-term relationship. But then I got in a long-term relationship and I realized why those things were important. Because, you know, I went to go get—you know, I went to—to—to deal with, um, um, you know, leaving—leaving my things to my p—my partner in case then—my health had gotten really bad. What if—what if I—what if something happens to me? Um, you know? How do I take care of her? And all those issues that it—marriage conveys 1,500 rights that, you know—‘cause straight people think about, This is a right for me. This is something for me. Gay people shouldn’t have the right to the wedding cake. And all those things. That’s a straight thing. Well, we had the right to the wedding cake. We had the right to the church ceremony. But what we didn’t have access to was the contractual arrangement. So I had to educate myself about it so that I could then communicate it. And I think w—w—and I’m a—I was a member at the time of a lot of the national LGBTQ organizations that said, “You know what? We don’t talk about…” I said, “I don’t care if they call it ‘domestic partnership’ or call it ‘Fred’. But what we need to explain to people is the difference between the wedding cake and the contract.” And so every time I had the chance to talk about it, I said, “There are 1,500 rights that convey with marriage that go—that—that—that we should be able to have access to as a contractual relationship to—to be able to partner with someone. And then other people in the, you know—other—my—my colleagues said, “Yeah. You know? That’s a really well—that’s a really good way to communicate that.” So then we all started—elected officials, we all started talking from that same page. And, you know, we would all get together and fight about how we were gonna do it. ‘Cause, you know, it’s—it’s difficult. I’m from Florida. You know, and—and they’re from San Francisco[, California]. They’re talking about medical marijuana. And they’re so cool. And everyone’s more accepting. I mean, I was like, “Okay. I’m not a canary in the coalmine. And in Orlando, you know, if we can figure out how to communicate it, this should help you guys, too [laughs].” So after a while, we started talking about the rights that convey with marriage. And it—and it was right from the HRC<a title="" href="#_ftn12">[12]</a> website. It wasn’t like it was hidden. But nobody was talking about it. So once we started talking about that from that standpoint, the weird thing for me was I started seeing people go, “Oh. Wait a minute. That’s not fair.” So sometimes we have to remember this. Because we understand something doesn’t necessarily mean that somebody else understands something. And it became an educational process. And I think that all the LGBTQ groups did a better job of—of communicating that fact. The—the proper, um, court cases came forward. I mean the Windsor case<a title="" href="#_ftn13">[13]</a> was just—was beyond. Because that was a clear case of someone being denied access to her partner’s, you know, um, uh, what they had built together in their life. When her partner died, that was a clear case. And, you know, here’s this—here’s all of us gay rights activists who have, you know—fighting, fighting, fighting. And here’s little Edie Windsor<a title="" href="#_ftn14">[14]</a>, you know, winning this historic court case that brought that all come on tumbling down, which was phenomenal. And she’s a hero. You know? She just wanted to fight for what she thought was right. And—and—and I—and something that I tell people that I think the majority of the community doesn’t understand is minority rights have never been conveyed by the majority, except for Ireland. Ireland did it for—for LGBTQ rights. They actually had a referendum and extended marriage equality, too. That there—that’s the only place that had—did not happen in the courts. Usually min—the majority does not vote to give minorities any kind of rights. And so that’s what I tell people. I’m like, “The m—the—the majority feels they’re gonna lose something ridiculously if they—if they—if they look after minorities, unfortunately. Um, so it’s—it should never be up to a referendum. Minority rights should never be up for a referendum. Because they’re—I—they are a minority. You know, you can’t get enough votes out of a mi—minority. But—and that’s why the Constitution talks about the tyranny of the majority. That’s the actual quote about the tyranny of the majority. And have—and having rights for everyone. And having the courts. And having these balances. So, uh, you know—I mean I think it’s important to understand that. And I was glad to be a part of it. Uh, I was—my partner and I were the first domestic partnership. Unfortunately, it broke up shortly thereafter. I was horribly embarrassed ‘cause I never would have put my—my relationship as—as domestic partnership number—number one, had I known it wasn’t going to last that long. I wasn’t on the way out. She was. But, you know, it—it happens. It happens. For divorce happens. And people break up. And, you know—but I felt this tremendous, “Ah.” You know? Pressure to be perfect. And, Oh, my God. How could this happen? I was so horrified. And I was already heartbroken. But, you know, I—and I remember when the report—one of the—one of the reporters found out. I’m like, “I’m just gonna get beaten up so bad, you guys.” “And I ain’t got—I went through a divorce, too. I’m so sorry.” I thought, Wow. I’m actually getting treated like everybody else. Isn’t that nice? It was the first time I really felt like somebody had been fair to me. Was [laughs] dealing with my div—it wasn’t even really a divorce. It was by domestic partnership being—and I had—I went and dissolved it. Yeah. It’s hard—it was hard. ‘Cause I—it wasn’t my choice. But lots of people get left. And lots of people get heartbroken. And it’s part of life. You know? Half of marriages end in divorce. But that doesn’t mean that the LGBTQ community doesn’t b—deserve the same rights and equality or, as some of my friends say, “That’s the same—that’s the same right to be miserable as everyone else [laughs].” You know? But there are some couples that I know that have been together 40—I mean there was a couple that had been together 41 years that got married here on the steps of City Hall. And that was an incredible day. For the mayor [John Hugh “Buddy” Dyer] to have the ceremony. And he’s actually a notary public. He did the—he did the ceremony. And I did a reading. And it was just really lovely to be there. You know? And—and to experience that. And it—and it was a little bittersweet to me because I wasn’t in a relationship. But, um—but, you know, s—it was great for me to see my friends who’d been together 28 years and 20 years. And Bill [Stevens] and Bob [Brings]. My, uh—my assistant got married that day. Um, and they were actually—what a lot of people don’t realize, there was a backcourt case, um, at—at the—at—at Orange County. Um, they had asked for a marriage license. And they were trying to get the clerk to deny them. And they were gonna do—they were gonna fight it in court, but it ended up being that the case came down. And they didn’t up—not ended up having to do it. But, uh—but Bill and Bob were one of those plaintiffs ready to—you know, ready to take on that case if they had needed to. Smith Could you tell us a little about some of your favorite accomplishments as commissioner between 2000 and 2015? Sheehan Um, yeah. I mean getting to work on the Lake Eola fountain. That was really cool. I mean I kind of got criticized because, uh, “Why are you spending all this money for this engineering study?” You know? ‘Cause it’s—it’s a one-of-a-kind thing. I love neat, cool, original stuff. And I like the fact that it looks like a big old Jell-O mold [laughs]. But it was broken down. It wasn’t working. It was dreadful. And the m—most fortuitous lightning strike I think in American history after we had done the study to figure out what it would take to fix it. And they were able to put LED lights. It’s a lot more efficient. And, you know, it’s the icon of our city. It’s beautiful. And it was—wasn’t working for almost two years. And I think that that was—I—I—when you have something like that it has to work. It has to. It got—municipal government. You can’t just say, “Okay. Well, here’s our—here’s our icon. And we’re gonna let—leave the lights off or leave the fountain off.” We couldn’t do that. And—and I think it’s a s—I think it shows that it works. It’s beautiful. It dances [laughs]. It’s—it’s computerized now. It does all these cool things. We have shows that we run to it. That was really neat to get to work on. That was really a lot of fun. Um, painting the [Lake Eola] Bandshell. Working with Walt Disney World, uh, to paint the bandshell in the rainbow after Pulse was just so meaningful. And I—I—it was a very symbolic and beautiful thing. And I didn’t even reali—you know, it—what I first, eh—it never occurred to me to paint it as a rainbow before. And then, uh, I actually a—a—a, uh—a person who just lives in the community. A mom who lost her son to suicide. He wasn’t gay. He killed himself—she says, “You know what? I feel an affinity to these parents—parents who have lost their child.” And she’s an artist. And she says, “Look what you could do. Painting this bandshell in rainbow.” And I didn’t realize there were exactly six ribs in the bandshell for the rainbow colors. And, um—and then Walt Disney World came and painted that. And it just—is—it—it makes such a stunning statement. And it’s such a beautiful testament to remembering the—the 49 fallen of Pulse. That was just—that was really cool to work on. Um, sidewalks. I’m really proud that we can—that we—that we have sidewalks within miles of our el—elementary school. I mean I remember when we used to open up the paper on the first day school and a half dozen kids were getting killed in the ‘90s. The late ‘90s to 2000s. You don’t—you don’t do—you don’t read that any more. We’ve become much more aware of pedestrian safety for children. And children aren’t getting killed walking to school on the first day of s—of school. I’m proud of that. When I was in second grade, one of my best friends got killed walking to school. Again, there was a lot of people says[sic], “Why are you doing this?” Or, “Why can’t we vote?” And I said, “Okay. If there’s 10 people that live on a street and two have children, do the two people that have children get outvoted by the other eight? And we don’t put sidewalks in for children? Really? Is that how that works?” Again, that tyranny of the majority. And I had to stand up for sidewalks. I got death threats [laughs]. They had to park a police car in front of my house for 24 hours ‘cause the death threats got so bad. The Audubon Park people. Um, it is what it is. People take very crazy stances sometimes. You know? And you gotta fight for what you believe in. And I honestly—how am I gonna change my mind, you know, that—when I lost someone as a child. And I’m an adult. And I’m a decision-maker. And I get to make a—and I get to make a difference. Do I just roll over? And the crazy thing was that gave me the political courage to say, “Okay. I really believe in this. I’m gonna fight for it. Even if I don’t ever get reelected.” “You are never gonna get reelected again.” I’m like, “Okay. Well, I guess I’ll have to do that then. Because I believe that this an important leadership thing. Tha—this is an important leadership stance I need to take. Of course I got reelected the next time. ‘Cause people—people always say, “We’re gonna—we’re gonna make sure you never get reelected. And if you are always constantly worried about getting reelected, you will never get anything accomplished. Because there’s always a—there’s always people on two sides of an issue. Always. You have to pick a side or you’re schizophrenic. You cannot bend to please everyone. Is there a—there is even—I wanted to take the trash—I wanted to clean up the trash on Mills [Avenue] and I had someone that was opposed to the—that. How could anybody opp—[laughs] you know? “We don’t like going to these new garbage cans.” Well, that’s ridiculous. But there’s always gonna be somebody against that. And you—you can’t just bend or you’re gonna be completely ineffective. So I’ve decided, you know, I’m gonna fight for what I believe in. And—and I think I’ve been pretty good at it. And the Main Street Districts are always—also something I’m really, really, really proud of. I mean we had all these great little areas that were so cool. I [inaudible] in Ivanhoe. And we did the—the, uh—they call it “Jingle Eve” now. But these[sic] big Christmas thing that we did. I’m like, Why can’t we do special events to bring these folks together? Which had morphed into our Main Street program. And I’m very proud of that program. I mean whenever we get written up in national newspapers and travel magazines now, it’s usually our Main Streets. And I’m proud to have been a huge supporter of that program. And I love what they’re doing. And I—I—I—again—and public art. I mean we were—we were acting like public art was some kind of problem instead of something to be celebrated. And you—then when—when, um, Orlando City [SC] wanted to do murals all over the city to commemorate their news[sic], um—their new team, they said, “Well, you have to—you have to erase them.” You—we’re gonna [inaudible] tempor—I’m like, “Why would I want to do this temporarily? We have all this great art. Why can’t we find a way to legalize art?” So I worked on it—I worked on the orders with the planning staff. And now we’ve got art. But you have to go through a process. You have to get a permit. And it has—that’s what differentiate—differentiates you from the graffiti. So I—I was really proud to do that. I’m an artist. I love that kind of stuff. So, you know, you get to work on really cool things. I mean I’ve been here long enough to where I’ve gotten to do some really cool stuff over the years. And, uh, they’re things I love. And urban—everything from urban chickens, which was a lot of fun, you know? Slow food movement. Um, these are trends. I mean I go to—when I go to a city, I see what are[sic] they doing. What are the kind of cool, f—fun, funky things that they’re doing? And how can we bring ‘em here to Orlando? And urban chickens was one of ‘em. I mean, you know? Backyard chickens. People love that. You know? And I’ve had a great time doing it. And people say that, “My—my kids love having our chickens and going and getting the eggs.” And I love that it teaches kids that food doesn’t come from a grocery store. And it’s important to treat animals humanely. And there’s always lessons that come out of that. So it’s—it’s—it’s—it’s—need to be a—able to a part of, you know—of making that change in people’s lives. And it was something that people asked me to do. Um, so, and you know—I mean I’ve worked with everything from the Asian-American community, um, because they felt they were invisible and they wanted to be more involved in what was happening. And they’ve been really embraced by Mills 50 [District]. And they do the Asian Winter New Year, which is one of the coolest cultural festivals I think that we have. Um, it’s—it’s empowering people to be able to connect and do those things together. That’s the—that’s the neat part of the job. The awful part of the job is when, you know, people are just mean and hateful and say [inaudible]—they just want to suck the soul out of you and just write mean things to you in an email. And I’ll still help him. I don’t take on their anger and their meanness. But I’ll still—you know, like I say, “A broke[sic] clock is even work twice—is right twice a day.” But that’s the stuff that hurts. You know? I’m a human being. People forget that elected officials are people. And, you know, I have people write horrible things about me. But if it’s really, really nasty and it’s so unfair, I don’t even respond. Because I don’t want to dignify it with a denial. It’s not that I accept their opinion of me. It’s that some people—some things are just so bad that you have to—I learned a long time ago that sometimes allowing someone to scream an epithet at me in an empty room and walking away is a lot more impactful than screaming back at them. ‘Cause I’ve had that happen where someone called me the f-word, even though I’m not—I’m not a faggot. I’m a dyke [laughs]. I’ve had someone call me that word. And I just walked away and I let it resonate. And, uh, sometimes that means more to people than shouting back [phone rings]. And, you know, sometimes you gotta know when to walk away. I—believe me, I’m a fighter. But I’m not going to stoop to the level to rise to the occasion. I’m not gonna be like him. Smith Well, is there anything else that you would like to, um, say or talk about that we haven’t talked about? Sheehan No. I just need to go to the collection to make sure you [laughs] guys have got the proper stuff. ‘Cause some of this stuff, I don’t even know what it is [laughs]. So—and I wanna make sure that we’ve got it categorized properly. Yeah. I think I need to do that ‘cause, you know—I mean, uh, ‘cause I had a really—I don’t think I’ve really donated to you guys. I think you probably got it from friends of friends. Or maybe through LCN or something like that. And I—and, you know, like I say, L—LCN was Love and Committed Network. That was the women’s group. And, you know, different things like that. So I just need to make sure we got the right, you know—we’re good—we’ve got the right stuff. Smith Alright. Well, thank you. Sheehan Sure. Thank you. Thanks for coming over. I appreciate it. Smith Of course. Sheehan Awesome. Cravero Alright. <div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a> University of Central Florida </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref2">[2]</a> Gay Lesbian Bisexual Transgender </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref3">[3]</a> Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Questioning (or Queer) </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref4">[4]</a> American docudrama miniseries about LGBT rights, created by Dustin Lance Black. The series originally aired from February 7, 2017 – March 3, 2017. </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref5">[5]</a> The March on Washington for Lesbian, Gay and Bi Equal Rights and Liberation took place on April 25, 1993. </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref6">[6]</a> Human Immunodeficiency Virus </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref7">[7]</a> Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref8">[8]</a> Loving – Commitment – Networking. “A Women’s Organization” </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref9">[9]</a> Transgender </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref10">[10]</a> Caryn Elaine Johnson (November 13, 1955 - ) </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref11">[11]</a> Orlando Immunology Center </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref12">[12]</a> Human Rights Campaign </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref13">[13]</a> United States v. Windsor, 570 U.S.__(2013) </div> <div> <a title="" href="#_ftnref14">[14]</a> Edith “Edie” Windsor (June 20, 1929 – present) </div> </div> Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hLfxgFOd1UA" target="_blank">Oral History of Patty Sheehan</a> 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome activism activists African-American caucus AIDS Asian Winter New Year Asian-American community Audubon Park Covenant Church Bill Stevens Bob Brings Brian Arbogast de Hubert-Miller Caryn Elaine Johnson Charles "Chase" Smith city commissioner civil rights Civil Rights Movement Cleve Jones Democratic Party Democrats discrimination divorce DNC Edith "Edie" Windsor Edwin DeJesus elections feminist movement feminists Florida Department of Agriculture Gary Bailey Gay Lesbian Bisexual Community Services gay marriage Gay-related Immune Deficiency Geoffrey Cravero GLBCS GLBT GLBT History Museum of Central Florida GLBT Services GLBTQ+ governmnet Greenwood Cemetery Grid gun violence hate crimes HIV homophobia homosexuality HRC human immunodeficiency virus Human Rights Campaign immigration It Gets Better Project Jingle Eve John Hugh "Buddy" Dyer Kalynn Smith Lake Eola Lake Eola Bandshell Lake Eola Fountain Lake Eola Park Latinx LCN Express lesbians LGBT LGBTIQ LGBTQ Lou Tozer Loving - Commitment - Networking. A Women's Organization Main Street districts March on Washington for Lesbian, Gay and Bi Equal Rifhts and Liberation marriage equality mass shootings Michael Wanzie Michael's March Mills 50 District municipal government Names Project NAMES Project AIDS Memorial Quilt orlando Orlando city commissioner Orlando City Hall Orlando City SC Orlando Regional Pride Patty Sheehan Paul Efthemios Tsongas pedestrian safety public art public service Pulse massacre Pulse nightclub Pulse nightclub shooting Pulse tributes QLatinx sidewalks slow food movement Teresa Jacobs terrorist attacks tyranny of the majority UCF United States v. Windsor University of Central Florida urban chickens Walt Disney World Westboro Baptist Church When We Rise Whoopie Goldberg women's liberation movement women's movement https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a6bcd1754d4f695e222e5ef92110abb1.pdf f75ddc9a62d9fd1e6c781d49409879ba Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title LGBTQ+ Collection Is Part Of LGBTQ+ Collection, RICHES Program Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"> </div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Debbie Simmons Alternative Title Oral History, Debbie Simmons Abstract Oral history interview of Debbie Simmons. Interview conducted by Sara Raffel in Orlando, Florida, on June 16, 2018. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/Ly8kvgJG7D4">Oral History of Debbie Simmons</a> Subject Orlando (Fla.) Gay culture--United States Trade associations Gay & Lesbian Pride and History Month Description An oral history interview of Debbie Simmons, the co-owner of Shelbie Press and a founding member of the Metropolitan Business Association (MBA), an organization supporting LGBTQ businesses in Orlando, FL. As MBA president, she also helped found Come Out with Pride and the LGBTQ History Museum of Central Florida. This interview was conducted by Sara Raffel at Shelbie Press in Orlando, Florida, on June 16th, 2018. Some of the topics covered include attending the first gay pride parade in Orlando, founding the Metropolitan Business Association, facilitating a network of allies and inspiring activism, working with the Human Relations Board of the City of Orlando, building an LGBTQ+ community and collaborating with other groups, forming Come Out With Pride, the history of the gay rights movement, preserving the history of the LGBTQ+ community, her favorite memory from work at GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, organizing the first exposition of the Metropolitan Business Association, how the small business community impacted the LGBTQ+ community, omitting references to homosexuality in the organization’s name, and goals and challenges for the GLBT Museum of Central Florida and the Metropolitan Business Association. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:54 Attending the first gay pride parade in Orlando and founding the Metropolitan Business Association 0:07:21 Facilitating a network of allies and inspiring activism 0:12:49 Identifying items in collection 0:13:52 Working with the Human Relations Board of the City of Orlando 0:16:40 Building an LGBTQ+ community and collaborating with other groups 0:19:05 Forming Come Out with Pride 0:27:03 The history of the gay rights movement 0:31:35 Preserving the history of the LGBTQ+ community 0:36:57 Favorite memory from work at GLBT History Museum of Central Florida 0:41:07 Organizing the first exposition of the Metropolitan Business Association 0:44:55 How the small business community impacted the LGBTQ+ community 0:48:11 Omitting references to homosexuality in the organization’s name 0:51:42 Goals and challenges for the GLBT Museum of Central Florida, the Metropolitan Business Association and the LGBTQ+ Community Source Simmons, Debbie. Interviewed by Sara Raffel, June 16, 2018. Audio record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. Has Format Digital transcript of original 1-hour, 1-minute, and 2-seconds oral history: Simmons, Debbie. Interviewed by Sara Raffel. Audio record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/207" target="_blank">LGBTQ+ Collection</a>, RICHES. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a> <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Type Moving Image Coverage Shelbie Press Print & Copy, Orlando, Florida Metropolitan Business Association, Orlando, Florida LGBT+ Center Orlando, Orlando, Florida Joy Metropolitan Community Church, Orlando, Florida Orange County Regional History Center, Orlando, Florida Lake Eola Park, Orlando, Florida Pulse nightclub, Orlando, Florida Creator Simmons, Debbie Raffel, Sara Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2018-06-16 Date Copyrighted 2018-06-16 Format video/mp4 application/pdf Extent 4.57 GB 256 KB Medium 1-hour, 1-minute, and 2-seconds audio recording 20-page digital transcript Language eng Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Humanities Teacher Provenance Originally created by Debbie Simmons and Sara Raffel and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> and the<a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Manes, Billy. "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/2017/05/15/orlandos-metropolitan-business-association-receives-award-national-gay-lesbian-chamber-commerce/" target="_blank">Orlando's Metropolitan Business Association receives award from National Gay and Lesbian Chamber of Commerce</a>." The Watermark, May 15, 2017. Accessed March 27, 2019. http://www.watermarkonline.com/2017/05/15/orlandos-metropolitan-business-association-receives-award-national-gay-lesbian-chamber-commerce/. "<a href="https://comeoutwithpride.com/about/history/" target="_blank">History</a>." Come Out with Pride Orlando. Accessed March 27, 2019. https://comeoutwithpride.com/about/history/. Ogles, Jacob. "<a href="http://www.advocate.com/pride/2016/10/06/pride-orlando-will-take-new-meaning" target="_blank">Pride in Orlando Will Take on New Meaning</a>." The Advocate, October 6, 2016. Accessed March 27, 2019. http://www.advocate.com/pride/2016/10/06/pride-orlando-will-take-new-meaning. Hyman, Jamie. "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/2016/06/16/community-rises-mass-shooting-orlando-gay-nightclub-kills-49/" target="_blank">Community rises up after mass shooting at Orlando gay nightclub kills 49</a>." Watermark, June 16, 2016. Accessed October 18, 2016. http://www.watermarkonline.com/2016/06/16/community-rises-mass-shooting-orlando-gay-nightclub-kills-49/. Transcript Raffel Uh, today is Saturday, June 16th, 2018. My name is Sara Raffel and I’m conducting an oral history with Debbie Simmons of Orlando, Florida. The interview is being conducted at Shelbie Press in Orlando, Florida. Uh, so, Debbie, could you please state your name? Simmons Yes. I’m Debbie Simmons. Raffel And what brought you to Orlando? And how long have you lived here? Simmons I moved to Orlando in 1978, uh, shortly after high school. And I, um—my father had moved here in the early 70s. Uh, we had moved from Miami up to Central Florida, but in a more rural area. My mother and that side of my family. And so when I turned 18, I didn’t want to stay in the rural, uh, community that I was living in. So Orlando seemed the logical choice to start a new life. Raffel And you’ve mentioned that, uh, your involvement in the first gay pride parade in Orlando in 1991 started your community activism. Can you describe what led up to that and why you first decided to march? Simmons Yes. Um, in 1990, uh, my partner and I bought a house. And we went through all of the machinations at that time that we had to do in order to buy a house together as a couple. Um, and we had two friends—close friends that invited us to attend the first gay pride parade in Orlando. Um, to say we were nervous is putting it mildly. But we did attend. And four of us—there was[sic] about 100 people at the parade total: participants and, uh, people observing. We were the last four in the parade. And by the time we get to the end of the parade route, what a sigh of relief. Uh, we didn’t see any Ku Klux Klan that year. So that really, uh, set the stage for me. Um, I started getting really interested in the people that had put that together because I thought they were so courageous and I wanted to know them all. And I wanted to do whatever I could to make a change for our community so that it would make it easier for all of us to buy a house together. To start a business together. Uh, just to live our lives and not be discriminated against. Um, so, uh, the next thing that happened is[sic] I started attending meetings at the Center. And, um, the editor of the Centerfold newspaper at the Center put a—a blurb in the newspaper and said—it said something to the effect, uh, “If you’re interested in starting a business guild—is it time for Orlando to do that—come to the Center on January 15th, 1992, and let’s talk about it.” So a dozen of us showed up at that meeting. And then, um, from there we started, uh, identifying—fortunately someone had brought bylaws, uh, not to the very first meeting, but from Atlanta and from Tampa. And so we utilized their bylaws to put our own together and to start the Metropolitan Business Association . Um, things moved, it seems like, at a really fast pace from there. But then when I look back it took a long time. Back then we didn’t have social media. We didn’t have cell phones. So we had to do everything the old fashioned way, which was literally have one-on-one relationships. We spent a lot of time together. Got to know each other. Um, developed the organization. Started having monthly meetings. We met at places. Back then it was a lot different than it is now in that people were really nervous about going into any establishment that was identified with the gay community. Um, but we did have a lot of our meetings at Joy Metropolitan Community Church. We had some meetings at The Center. Um, and so we developed the board of directors and then, um, set our mission in place, filed papers with the state, uh, and, uh, identified the Metropolitan Business Association. Raffel Alright. And who were some of the people that were on that first board of directors that were instrumental in starting it? Simmons Well, this is where I get into trouble, like I said, with the names. Um, the first president was Keith Morrison. Uh, I was the vice president. Dorothy Coleman was the treasurer. Mary Brooks was the secretary. Uh, Karen Goode was the programs director. Vicky Meechum was the membership director. Dick Shaw was the, uh—became the vice president when I became the president in ’92. And, uh, Sam Singhouse, Sandy Fink, Tom Dyer. Uh, those were the really—the beginning folks. Um, Mary Brooks, who was the secretary for five years—she and I carried the MBA banner in the 1992 parade. Um, and in that parade there were seven of us from the MBA. Um, and Mike Sipoligo that had put the ad in the paper—that was the editor of Centerfold at The Center. Uh, he also walked with us with the banner. Um, Dorothy Coleman, uh, she is still living in Montverde, but she’s quite a bit older than me. She’s in her eighties. And she—I admired her so much when I met her. Her and, um, Dick Scholl. Dick has passed away. Uh, to me they were beacons of hope that—I hoped that by the time I got into my fifties, sixties, um, that I would s—you know, have the—the life that they had. And, uh, the desire still to make change. And, um—so, from there we—let’s see. This is again where I get into trouble. [laughs] I gotta have some—something to help me go along. So after we walked in the parade, uh, let’s see—in the first, uh—in August of ’92, we signed a, uh, contract with the Radisson Hotel downtown at Lake Ivanhoe, uh, to hold our meetings for over five years. Our general meetings. And we did that so that we could overcome that hurdle of people being afraid to walk into a gay s—gay establishment. Um, we had those meetings—we structured those to help the community to come out, obviously. We helped, um, them to be more confident in their job. Um, as far as networking with a group of pro—professional people. Simmons We worked to develop educational materials for people to start their own businesses or to strengthen their businesses. We hosted, uh, political candidates’ forums. We did that early on. Uh, those were some of the more nerve-wracking and difficult meetings. Getting, uh, folks that were campaigning to become an official or those that were in elected o—elected office. Uh, we did, um, work to get the mayor of Orlando, Glenda Hood—at that time, uh—in ’94. She had become the mayor in ’92, so we are—we were kind of linked together for a number of years while she was the mayor until 2002. Um, we had approached her office, Tom Dyer specifically, who’s the—uh, he was the founder—or was the founder of Watermark and he’s still involved. Uh, but he doesn’t own it anymore. Um, he was instrumental in getting Glenda Hood, uh, to attend the—the first meeting. Um, and it was not an easy task because she did everything that she could—I shouldn’t be so critical, but looking back, it was a whole different time. And I understand now more than I did then what she was dealing with and why she didn’t want to attend our meeting. Um, they had every excuse. Her office and—and she did—for not coming to one of our meetings. Finally, in ’94, she did come to the meeting. And it was explosive in a lot of ways because there was a big interest in our community, uh, so we had big attendance. And often times our candidates’ forums and our political events like that—we did have large attendance. Um, she was asked some very direct questions about supporting the gay community and non-discrimination. And she stood right at the podium and said, “I will not be a champion for your cause.” And when she said that it was—it—it—right behind that she said, “but I encourage you to get involved in your—in your local government. I encourage you to get on boards. I encourage you to run for elected office.” So it wasn’t—I heard both sides of what she was saying. A lot of people that were there that night—what they heard was, “I will not champion your cause.” And that—that’s why I say it was explosive, because it made a lot of people really energized. That okay—well, now we’re going to be on the steps of City Hall asking, “Why not?” Because we all pay taxes, too. So that to me was, um—it was a milestone in what happened with—it was eye opening for the community. It was energizing. And it, um, made us realize that in the very beginning, when we talked about developing our mission and our bylaws, we had talked about using the—the terms, um, the MBA to be a political and economic force. And some people found that a little bit too much. To use the word “force” and to use “political” in there. “Economic”, well, that’s one thing. It’s the Metropolitan Business Association. It’s a business association like any other chamber, but the political side of it—some folks were pretty nervous about it. I was nervous about it, too. I mean, that’s, uh—that’s saying a lot. Well, it turned out that that’s exactly what the MBA became in short order. Because we were the ones that were going to folks that were running for office or that were in office and saying, “Okay. What we’d like you to do is sign a pledge.” And it was the Human Rights Campaign pledge at the time. It was a couple of sentences that basically just said that they would implement into their policy and procedure that there would be no discrimination against the LGBT community. Gay community. I think it said “gay and lesbian” at that time. Um, and it was a great piece to ask them to sign because it was simple. It wasn’t asking for the world. It was just asking for equality. Uh, and that really, um—with Mayor Hood, uh, in ’94, there was no way she was going to sign that. She wouldn’t have signed anything like that. But by the time—I’ll fast forward a little bit—by, um, I believe it was the ’98 election, uh, she came to our—our meeting. Um, we had scheduled a—a joint appearance with her and Orange County Chairman Linda Chapin at that time. Um, unfortunately, a police officer was shot in the line of duty that day, so Glenda [Hood] had to postpone. Um, so Linda [Chapin] came and we had a great meeting with Linda [Chapin]. Uh, and then shortly thereafter, we resched—rescheduled with Mayor Hood and she came. And I may be mixing this up a little bit, um, because I know she was—I think she had to postpone because of something else. And the night she was coming to the meeting was the night that the police officer was shot. And we were afraid she wasn’t going to show up, but she did, in fact, come. Um, and that night we asked her if she would sign the pledge of nondiscrimination. And, um, she said that she would. So, uh, I called her office—and, again, I might be mixing dates up a little bit. I have to look back at all the paperwork, which I’m going to give to you. Um, she did sign that pledge, but it—it didn’t happen that night. It happened right before the election in March. I had to call her office and pursue the signature. And had—their, uh—her office faxed it like the day before the election or the day of the election. So, it became very, very clear to us then that, okay, now we really do have that clout that we were looking for. Simmons And we were asked all the time, um, during that process—and then fast forwarding a little bit to 2000 when we were working with Human Relations Board of the City of Orlando and Mayor Hood’s office, uh, trying to get the, uh, city code amended to include sexual orientation. Simple thing again, like the pledge. Um, it was—I forget where I was even going with that. There I go [laughs]. Raffel [laughs]. Simmons It was—okay, let’s see. So we were getting her to sign the pledge, uh—she was, by 2000, telling us that she was supporting what we were doing, uh, even after we had fought for the rainbow flags to be hung in 1998. That was a huge spectacle and a fiasco. That was another thing that drew the community closer and closer together. Not just the gay community, but all of our allies. I mean, they came out from everywhere. The same thing happened in 2000 to 2002 when we were holding the—or the downtown develop—or, uh, Human Relations Board was holding the meetings, um, to amend the—the policy. Mayor Hood was acting in public as if she was more supportive then she had been. Um, and then when we pulled the public records—which I had been chosen on the Orlando Anti-Discrimination Committee to be the one to pull the public records—um, found out that she and Commissioner Vargo—Vicky Vargo—were actually working with our adversaries. Um, and they were trying to pack the meetings. Um, and—and they succeeded in—in getting some people flown here and bussed here, um, with the Christian Coalition, um, uh, Family Research Council, Liberty Council, some of those folks, uh, to speak at the hearings when in fact they were telling all of us that you needed to be a resident of the City of Orlando in order to speak. If you had a business in Orlando you could speak. Um, and they were not telling the truth even on their appearance forms, which we found out, too, by pulling the public records. So we found out a lot about who was who and what was happening during those two-year—tho—that two-year period. Simmons So, fro—in the ‘90s, it was really us getting our legs under us, working with the community to build the community, create that strength, the unity, the relationships. Like I said, we didn’t have social media so we’re talking on the phone. We were meeting in person—a lot of meeting together face-to-face. Um, so a lot of us became friends in addition to working together to make the changes. Um, and in the early 2000s, after going through that two-year battle, um, we were stronger than ever but bruised after listening to all those terrible things that were said by the groups that the adversaries—that had been put together. Um, so we dusted ourselves off and 2003 to 2004 and 5 we were trying to, um—the MBA, the Metropolitan Business Association wasn’t really organizing the parade. We were participants in the parade. Um, and the parade was like it is around the country: the—the pride event where people get together and are able to spend that time together really being out in the street marching for their rights, representing themselves. Um, and our parade had started to fall apart. And we were seeing in dwindle and dwindle for reasons that we weren’t quite sure why. The—the parade had gone through various groups that were organizing it. Um, and then by July of—you know, June/July of 2005, it had completely dissolved. And so we had talked about it over the years because we wanted to do everything that we could to support the parade, but we didn’t want to step on the organizers’ toes either because we didn’t want, you know, to crau—cause dissention. And we didn’t want to take it over ourselves. [laughs] We didn’t want that responsibility. Simmons Um, but by the time it fell apart, it was—it had been on our radar long enough, and been on the agenda, that the board of the Metropolitan Business Association finally said, “Okay. Well, let’s start a new organization.” And that was the way that Come Out with Pride was born. Um, we decided that, okay, June had passed. It had always been a discussion about how hot it is in June. It’s always raining. The weather was always brutal at the parade. So let’s, um—what can—what other date can we pick? And what can we do between now and the end of the year to actually do a parade? And so we identified, um, October as National Coming Out Day on October 11th. Uh, National Gay and Lesbian History Month. Um, so it made perfect sense. We thought maybe the weather would be cooler, although that’s not proved to be true [laughs] since 2005. It seems like it’s been hot every year. And we’ve even dealt with a hurricane. So—but anyway, that was the whole thought process behind it. And from July to—to October, we put the event together. And we had it downtown. Um, we partnered with the students at UCF —with the Gay and Lesbian Bisexual Student Union. We thought that putting the business owners and professionals together with the university students, who always had an event at UCF, made perfect sense. Um, and we partnered with the History Center—Orange County [Regional] History Center—so when the parade was over, everybody landed at the History Center. Uh, the History Center was great. They let us put a[sic], uh, exhibit inside. So all the students got together and the different organizations got together. Everybody made all of their displays and we put the displays up. Um, the first year we did the simple thing of developing a t-shirt that everybody could wear. A bright yellow shirt. Uh, we had “volunteer” on the back. So everybody that came to the event knew these are the people with Come Out with Pride. And that’s what we named it. Um, and the first year I believe, um—and again, I don’t—I don’t have those numbers with me, but we had, uh, several thousand in 2005. 2006, we did the same thing, um, and landed at the History Center. Uh, we did a brunch the first year in 2005 as well. And Mayor Dyer attended that—Buddy Dyer. Um, that was one of the first times—and Buddy, when he was running for office, came to our functions and actually asked for our vote. And was very open and accepting of our community. So—but when he spoke at the brunch that day, that was him really coming out himself to the community. Uh, so by 2006, we did the same thing. Um, we had a larger turnout. 2006. We realized that the parade route needed to be enlarged. But more importantly than that, the History Center venue in the front of the History Center was not conducive for what we were trying to do. Um, so we talked with the city about moving the event to Lake Eola [Park]. Um, and believe it or not, even in 2007 that was not an easy process. Over the years, we had encountered problems with the City of Orlando, the City of Maitland when we were trying to have our first expo with the MBA in 1994. We got the excuse, ironically, from both, about double-booking. There was a double-booking problem with one of the first parades that the MBA didn’t have anything to do with, uh, organizing. That was Orlando Regional Pride Parade. Uh, they said they had double-booked. And so that year the parade shifted first to City Hall. Uh, one of the instrumental people on that, um, b—b—board was, uh, Phyllis Murphy and Patty Sheehan. Um, gosh. I should be able to again—to remember all—everybody’s names. Uh, there was a core group of people. Eileen Bell, Brian Hubert—De Hubert-Arbagast. He had a long last name. So, anyway—so they had a double-booking there. Couldn’t do it. Then we had that happen at the Maitland Civic Center when we tried to have our first Expo. So 2007 [road noise]—hello. 2007—sorry for the traffic. Uh, [clears throat] when we wanted to move to Lake Eola, it was still—there was still some of that—even though Buddy Dyer was the mayor—there was still some of that unease with the gay community. And there was definitely a—a pushback that they didn’t want us to have the even at Lake Eola. But it happened. Long story short, we went through the pro—a—all of the process. Um, of course, renting the space, paying all the various fees. And the fees are amazing. Uh, I—I don’t know what’s changed. I’ve been retired now since 2000, uh, 8. But, um, it seemed as though for a number of years, uh, I did five, six, seven and eight—in eight, I was the logistics director. It seemed as though our group had to pay for the things that other people didn’t have to pay for. We had to do things that other groups weren’t required to do. Um, such as, uh, selling alcohol in the park. We had to pay for barricading the entire area to the cost of $10,000. Um, and so there was still some of that, you know, hangover. Um, now 2008 or 2007, I believe that there was, um, 70,000 people. Or that might have been eight. And the last few years there’s been over 150,000 people. And that’s according to the police department. That wasn’t our count. We always relied on whatever th—you know, they said because they’re the official law enforcement to determine the numbers so that we weren’t inflating the numbers. It became a wildly successful event. And then, to back up to 2005, when we were first forming Come Out With Pride, we had the meetings. Um, what we did was we took, uh, myself and two other MBA members with the GLBSU students, um, and we identified—i—it had always been something that I thought was really important that we maintain our [beeping] own history for our movement. Did you hear that? Raffel Yeah. Simmons [laughs] I don’t know what that was. Okay. Electronics gone wild. Um, but the—the history of our community. Because of the people that I knew when I got involved in 1991, the people that I met and got to know over the course of those 16, 17 years—um, and I—I knew that they had a history—like Dorothy Coleman and Dick Scholl being so much older than me—that there were those folks that had endured the Stonewall Riots in ’69. Uh, in ’78, when Harvey Milk was murdered in San Francisco, he had formed the first gay business guild there. Um, I knew that there was all of this history here, too, of people that had been part of the movement. And so I thought we needed to develop a history committee to maintain all of that history and to develop it and to get it from those people that were still alive. Um, and, at—I mean we were part of—in 2005, from m—the MBA from ’92 to 2005, the amount of—of change that had happened over those 13 years, it was like a blur when I think about it now. Um, but since the MBA just celebrated its 25th year last year, and the board has asked me over time to, you know, put—put these materials together—I mentioned that I have 20 plastic cartons full of archives from all of the things that happened during the course of MBA in the 16 years that I was the president. Um, I think that this is a, uh—a monumental civil rights movement that is—the African American community’s Civil Rights struggle was huge and it—it’s still happening now for hundreds of years, whereas the gay community have remained closeted for, you know, years up until ’69 when Stonewall happened. That seems like—I know there were other things that happened, but that was a big benchmark. So in looking at—and I hea—I‘ve heard people talk about from ’69 to 2015, when the Supreme Court ruled gay marriage as legal, that it’s astounding that the gay community did what it did over the course of that short period of time. And I’ve heard it—heard people reference our activism and how we work together as a community to make those changes happen. So I thought it was so critical that we maintain that history. That we make sure that we present it not only to get recognition to those people that did all that work and put their lives on the line, but for other movements that are obviously going to be necessary. When you look at the political environment that we’re currently in, um, I feel like our—the lessons that we learned in organizing our community are invaluable. And now, uh, with social media, with the internet, with all of these tools that we have with our, uh, immediate access with our phones—cameras, video, all of that—that coupled with the knowledge that the community has can really continue to make huge impact on oppression and equal rights for all. Raffel Can you describe, um, some of the sort of first portions of the history project, and maybe some of the people who were first involved in getting that formed? Simmons Sure. Um, I do have that, um, on the committee list here. Let’s see. That would have been, uh, 2005. Um, the first year I did chair, uh, the history subcommittee. Uh, Charlene Bell. Mary Brooks. Mary Brooks, who was the first secretary of the MBA, she got back involved. She, uh, was the secretary for five years. Um, but we had the meeting at her and her partner’s house. Phyllis Murphy. Phyllis and Mary actually met at an MBA meeting I believe in ’93. So they’ve been together for 25 years. Um, Ken Kasmerski. Uh, Patty Sheehan came to one or two of the first meetings. And, uh, Mallory Wells from UCF GLBSU . Um, we met at Mary and Phyllis’s house, um, and, um, all agreed about the importance of securing our history. Uh, and shortly after that, I asked Ken if he would be—if h—if would be the, um—the chair of the history project. And so, then he developed the history project from there. Added on, uh, more committee members and they developed, um—was it six or seven? I—‘cause in—in 2005, when we put all of those displays that were put together by everyone in the History Center, it was only for that one day. So that display then became part of the development of the actual—the timeline of the community, and um, developing and working with the community to gather up all of those archives. And, uh, by 2007, we had—I can’t remember in ’06 if we had—we had—I think we had the history project back in the History Center if I recall correctly. And it had gotten larger. And I think it was in one of the—the rooms that was, um, a courtroom. It ha—actually had the—you know, the bench and whatnot. I think that’s the way that ’06 was. And then 2007, we actually had an air conditioned tent at Lake Eola. And the—they put the wall of remembrance of the folks that had passed. They had developed a—a timeline. Um, and they were great. I mean they—they worked that thing all day long. And people were in and out of that tent all day long looking at all those. And I believe that that [exhales] really, um, inspired people, too. Because there were people there—I went in and spent some time myself to cool off, um, and to say hello to everybody. But in watching, uh, what I saw was people that had no idea who some of these folks were. Had no idea about the timeline of our movement here. Um, and then I saw others that were touched because they remembered Jimmy Brock , who was the pastor at Joy MCC , who had passed away. Um, and others. They—they remembered them, and so they were moved. And I—I could see the young people and I’ve th—I kept thinking about—I always did this whenever I went to Come Out With Pride—think about how I felt in 1991, when I went to that first parade. And that I was scared to death. I was just coming, you know, coming to—I had come out already, but just—I felt like coming into adulthood even though I was 31, you know? Um, starting to, uh—we hadn’t started Shelby Press yet. We started it in ’92. Uh, the MBA started—or not—or we started Shelby in ’93, but we started MBA in ’92. But I thought about—I—I still think about, you know, that it’s important that we inspire the young people to be confident in who they are and to accept themselves and to live their life to the fullest. And how better for them to get some insight into that then to see the timeline. To see those people that did that work. That made a difference in the lives of all of us—being able to live a healthier, more secure life. Raffel And do you have a favorite memory from your work with the history museum? Simmons [meowing] Um, and that was Louie giving his two cents. Raffel [laughs]. Simmons Our kitty cat. Um, my favorite part of—of being involved with the beginning stages of the history project was seeing someone like Ken. Ken Kazmerski, who’s a little older than me, knowing his history and how he had worked with the students at UCF and Gay and Lesbian Bisexual Student Union. Um, and Phyllis and Mary. Phyllis Murphy and Mary Brooks. Um, knowing Mary and working with her side-by-side. Knowing Phyllis and her work on Orlando Regional Pride with the first few parades. Um, come back, uh,—it—together with the young people from UCF. To me, it wa—it—it’s—I—that’s what I’ve always thought. Um, and now there were a couple of people I will say that couldn’t see that. Couldn’t see that the—the wisdom of bringing the young people in. Because what are they—what are they going to contribute? And the majority of us though kept saying, “This is to encourage and to inspire future leaders. Because they need us and we need them.” So, to me, that was—that—it was that and it was, um, knowing that—that they were serious about remembering. Remembering how we got to 2005. What the community had endured here and what happened. When I went to the March on Washington in 1993 and 2000—uh, especially 2000—there was[sic] even newspaper articles written in the [Orlando] Sentinel. Um, one of ‘em I had on my—had framed in my den for a while—um, said well, you know, [meowing] most people are staying home and why—why go to a March on Washington again in 2000? We—those of us that got together and went—knew that it was going to reenergize us. It was gonna recharge our batteries. Excuse me. Bye bye. [laughing] It was to—for us to be re-inspired and recharged. So Come Out with Pride and the history project. And having a festival and a parade and bringing young and older and old, um, gay and straight and bi and trans and every ethnic—everybo—bringing everybody together that’s still alive to remember those that aren’t with us anymore. That’s what the history project did for me in 2007 with the tent. Walking around and looking and everything. That’s what I re—I thought about—is all those people, many of whom I knew. I knew them. And they were inspirational for me. And so, I was so happy that everybody that walked through there got to see that. Everybody experienced it differently based on their—their own life. Who they are and whatnot. But that’s—that was the—the—the real moving part I guess for me. Raffel And just to kind of go backwards a little bit, you mentioned I think briefly the first, uh, expo that the MBA held. Can you tell me a little bit more about what—sort of what led to that and the—and the difficulties you had finding space? Simmons Um, in, uh, 1994, at—at a—I believe it was a—it might have been ’93—Sandy Fink had come on to the board. She was a veterinarian. Um, and she had—let’s see. She was the networking chair in May of ’93. And then the membership director in December of ’93 to May of ’98. I remember when we were at a board meeting and, um, she and the networking and expo committee she put together—or I don’t think she put the committee together yet. She started talking about it. Um, and I didn’t know that our community was ready to have an expo of all of the—the businesses. I knew we had identified, uh, people that had businesses in the community. We had—we had identified some, uh, allies in the community. Not big corporations, but people that wanted to be part of our association. But when she said that we should do a business expo, uh, some of us were like, “Wow.” You know? “Are we really ready for that?” And so, she was—put together a structure. Um, put together a committee, and—Louie [laughs]. By, um—by the time we got—we had several board meetings, talking about doing an expo. We were all on board. Uh, because they—they were ready to go. But where to have the event? So they identified the Maitland Civic Center on Lake Louie. And it was a—a great place. It still is. Um, and we, uh, signed the contract. We were ready to go. And it was—we’d already advertised. We had already printed our first, um, uh, uh—it became the buyers’ guide or the membership directory. Nut, uh, uh, an expo directory of, you know, who was going to be there and whatnot. Um, we had a map. And then we had everybody listed in there. Um, and Maitland Civic Center said that we couldn’t do it because they had a double booking. So, um, Sandy went to civil court. And we were just talking about it leading up to the 25th anniversary of the MBA. And, uh, she reminded us, and reminded me especially, about her going to court. And she was nervous because she said, you know—she wasn’t really out, out. And there she was in civil court and she said it was the first time she’d uttered “gay and lesbian” in public. In a courtroom, no less. And she said the place gasped. She said she could feel it. Um, but because the contract was signed before the other contract—they were just pulling that double-booking thing to try to stop it. Once they—I guess some people decided, “Oh, it’s a gay and lesbian business association. No. We can’t do that in Maitland. We’re not gonna have that.” Um, but, we won. And so, we had our event. Simmons We had 89 vendors at that expo. And that was a—that was another big turning point for the professionals and the business centers in this community. Um, people started to recognize that we—back then, we didn’t have corporate support. So the small businesses—we were the backbone of the community. We were the ones that funded, um, things, um, uh, paid the membership dues, paid extra money, sponsored different things to make things happen. Um, and that we were the ones that were—were going to work together to even build it larger. To build our business structure larger. To encourage professionals that were contemplating starting their own business or practice to do so. And they did. Um, uh, a number of people—now not going back that far, but, um, there are some that have—have formed, uh, in the last 20 years instead of the last 25 years. Uh, but Tom Dyer, um, at Watermark—he’s an attorney. And he was working for another practice. And it wasn’t—and don’t quote me on this, but it wasn’t long before Tom started his own law practice. Um, and I believe he started Watermark in, uh, ’94. And so, he—he—I heard him talk about that recently. About, you know, seeing what was happening in other big cities and newspapers and this and that. And he thought that Orlando could really do with having its own newspaper. Plus, he dealt with the—the political scene here, like I had said, with Glenda Hood. And knew that we weren’t getting the coverage. Um, we weren’t getting the representation that we should. Uh, a—something as simple as Mary Brooks, who I have mentioned a couple of times—that was the secretary. She w—worked at the Orlando Sentinel. She was a reporter. And at that time, we couldn’t even have our, uh, partners’ names listed in our obituaries. I mean it was just things like that. Everywhere we turned we had, um, discrimination. So, yep. ’94, we had 89 vendors. And then we had six business expos. Um, and that kind of hand-in-hand worked with what we wound up doing with Come Out with Pride in having the festival in the park. The festival in the park is really a business expo. It’s where we b—we brought the politicians together with the non-profits with the large corporations and with the small business centers in the MBA. So we had developed that experience in order to put together that part of Come Out with Pride. Raffel And was the discrimination in the community—was that one of the reasons that, uh, you didn’t put LGBT or i—in the name of the business… Simmons Yes. Raffel …association? Simmons Yes. And we had talked a lot about it. Um, it wasn’t as if we were hiding who we were, but we were trying to again, um, protect those that wanted to come to our functions that were advet—advertised at the Radisson, The Metropolitan Business Association. Well, that’s not saying it’s a gay and lesbian function. Um, and there were a number of times that we had functions there that, um—I’ll never forget one night that we were having a function there that John Butler Booke, who is a—was—I don’t know if he’s still alive—a—a minister pastor in Apopka. Uh, he was one of the biggest voices against us in the ’98 controversy to hang the rainbow flags. Uh, he came to everything and anything. Well, they were having a separate event at the Radisson. And some people that were coming to our event were on that elevator with him. And he didn’t know who they were. They knew who he was. And I remember them coming in. And I can’t tell you even who it was specifically. But came in and said, “Oh, my gosh. You’re not going to believe who I just saw in the elevator. John Butler Booke is here.” And so that was just reaffirmation for us, you know, that those five and a half years or so that we were at the Radisson, that was a period of time where we built strength and confidence and encouragement for the community to, you know, come out and to be more confident in being themselves. Being authentic. Uh, but when we, uh, talked about the name of the MBA—I believe we were at Metropolitan Community Church, and Sam Singhouse and Marcy Singhouse’s, uh, sister-law—Sam was instrumental in those very—in the very beginning. He owned the big bang club downtown Orlando. A—and he and Marcy were always there. And Sam Singhouse is Miss See—Miss Sammy. Everybody knows Miss Sammy. Um, and we were talking about the name. And Marcy was the one that actually wound up coming up with the Metropolitan Business Association. And, um, it –I mean everybody was like, “Yes, that’s it!” And so it stuck. And we never changed that. Um, the logo changed a few times over the years, but it was still, um, the Association. That’s what we were is all—you know, we—like I said in the beginning, uh, we—we developed relationships with one another that lasted for years and years. And sometimes lifetimes. Like Mary and Phyllis. Um, whether it be a—a—a marriage, which now we’re allowed to actually have marriage, um, or just a lifelong friendship. Raffel And what do you see as some of the maybe next steps or next big goals for organizations like the MBA and the LGBTQ History Museum? Simmons Well, um, I’m really glad that the—the History Museum is continuing and evolving and growing. And, um, as far as the MBA goes, I know that they’re really working on, um, corporate diversity and making sure that with the National Gay and Lesbian Chamber, uh, that you have certification. And that—there’s that association. That group of large businesses that will buy from—recognize a gay and lesbian, trans—a tran—LGBTQ business as someone that they want to buy from. So they’re working on that. I know that they’re, uh, focused on, uh, transgender and gender equality. That’s very important. Um, it’s—I know we—we’ve talked about this. Um, in 2015, when the Supreme Court ruled gay marriage legal , um, we had—that was in June of 2015—there was this sense of elation. Um, and I remember people saying—asking me and saying to me, “Do we really have a need for the Metropolitan Business Association and, um, the History Museum?” Of course. I mean, yeah. That’s gonna go on as long as people are alive to develop—to continue to develop all those archives. Um, but is it really needed anymore now that we have, you know, gay marriage? It’s legal. Well, it’s a lot more than that. It’s, um, uh, transgender. It’s gender equality. It’s—uh, you can still be fired from your job if you’re gay. Um, and we knew that there were—I knew, and I’m sure that most people knew, that there would be a backlash. Um, but still there’s that sense of elation. I remember it was just three years ago, um, that everybody was—eh, I was going around getting every newspaper I could get. I was online looking at everything. Reading everything. Recording everything that I could during that. So amazing. And Prop 8 . And the fact that it was David Boies and—what’s his name? Theodore, uh—it’s gonna—and I—he was a con—he was the conservative that, um, represented Bush after the 2000 election. Olsen. Ted Olsen. Ted Olsen and David Boies. That they were the—the lawyers worked together. The conservative and the liberal. Um, and Prop 8 was overturned in California. All these things happened. And people were elated. And, my gosh, for us to just have—I mean, a lot of terrible things have hap—had happened between 2015 and 2016, with these mass killings and shootings. Um, but when Pulse happened in 2016 in June, um, it was—I—I still have a hard time even articulating how I feel about it. Um, I couldn’t even talk about it because I knew the—the—the impact that it had had on—i—i—it squashed immediately that feeling of elation. Yes. It was a huge victory. But—that we—we achieved gay marriage. But, my gosh, what a gut punch. And have all of those people murdered. Um, regardless of the murderer’s motives, it was in a gay nightclub, um, owned by Barbara [Poma], a heterosexual. Um, to give Pulse and life to her brother’s life. Um, you know, it—I mean the way it—it—it’s just all come together, to me it’s a—it’s a—a reminder that the work is never finished. That it’s important. I mean, I’ve been trying myself for the last ten years. I’ve been retired from my—my, uh, volunteer work and focused just on working for a living. Uh, sometimes I wonder how I worked 40 hours plus at work and 40-plus hours with the Metropolitan Business Association. Again, this goes to the age thing. I was telling you earlier, um. Uh, I’ve been trying to figure out what—what I can do now to participate. I don’t—I still haven’t been able to really—like I said, I can’t even articulate how I feel and it’s been two years since Pulse. Um, when the anniversary rolled around last year, um, it—very somber with everybody that I know. Um, and I thought this year would be, you know, a little bit—not easier—but a little bit better. But it’s not. Um, and I can’t even fathom what the families are going through. Um, we have a—a young person that has come to work with us. Uh, she’s 26 and, um, she’s heterosexual. Not that that’s really relevant. But it is because she was impacted. And she asked me about posting on Shelby Press, uh, on Facebook—on our page—something about Pulse. And she had put together some—some language, um, and—just us all here trying to talk about it. And talk with her about it. It’s just, um—like I said, it’s hard to talk about it. Cause I just don’t even know what to say. And I—I feel like putting something on social media now like, uh, the thing now that the students from Parkland have made very clear. Um, we call BS on thoughts and prayers. Because that’s not—that’s not gonna do it. So, yeah. It’s important. It’s important for all of the organizations. For the Metropolitan Business Association. For the History Museum. For Come out with Pride. For the Center. For, uh, Parents and, uh, Friends—PFLAG—uh, for GLBSU at UCF. For everybody to continue doing their work. And to never think, no matter what—what—how many steps we make forward, that we should ever let our guard down. And that we be out there representing our community and thinking about going back to what I had said earlier about our struggle for our civil rights. That the Constitution affords us those rights, as it affords every citizen of this country. Um, that our struggle is, and will continue to be, a model for the rest of the community to say, “Yes we can.” Love that about Barack Obama. Yes we can. Yes we will. And y—y—you might kick us down, but we’re gonna stand up again. And we will not let hate win. Ever. Raffel Thank you so much. If you had nothing to add. That’s all my questions. Simmons I know we skated all over it. Raffel That was great. Simmons [laughs]. Raffel That was perfect [laughs]. Simmons I mean I—I didn’t even, uh… Raffel [laughs]. Simmons Wow. Thank you so much. Raffel Thank you, Debbie. 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting activism activists Barbara Poma Brian De Hubert-Arbagast chamber of commerce Charlene Bell Christian Coalition civil rights Civil Rights Movement David Boies Debbie Simmons Dick Shaw discrimination Dorothy Coleman Eileen Bell Family Research Council Gay and Lesbian Bisexual Student Union gay marriage GLBSU GLBT GLBT History Museum of Central Florida GLBTQ+ Glenda Evans Hood government gun violence Harvey Bernard Milk homophobia homosexuality Human Relations Board of the City of Orlando Human Rights Campaign James T. “Jimmy” Brock John Butler Booke John Hugh "Buddy" Dyer Joy Metropolitan Community Church Karen Goode Keith Morrison Ken Kasmerski Lake Eola Park lesbians LGBT LGBT+ Center Orlando LGBTIQ LGBTQ LGBTQ+ Liberty Council Linda Welch Chapin Maitland Civic Center Mallory Wells Marcy Singhouse marriage equality Mary Brooks mass shootings Metropolitan Business Association Mike Sipoligo National Coming Out Day National Gay and Lesbian History Month Obergefell v. Hodges Orange County Regional History Center orlando Orlando Anti-Discrimination Committee Orlando Regional Pride parades Phyllis Murphy Prop 8 Proposition 8 Pulse massacre Pulse nightclub Pulse nightclub shooting Radisson Hotel Group Sam Singhouse Sandy Fink Sara Raffel Shelbie Press Print & Copy Stonewall Riots Ted Olsen terrorist attacks The Center on Mills The Watermark Tom Dyer UCF University of Central Florida University of Central Florida Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Student Union Vicki Vargo Vicky Meechum https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/974d14becde8aa179559997471b6bf5e.jpg a0dd95e87f4665e2a51124a31f9c7eb9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Orlando Unitarian Universalists can follow their roots back to 1912, when Reverend Eleanor Gordon was first minister to a church formed with 21 members. Building Unity Chapel in 1913, the group shared literary and spirited discussions, fostered by transplanted Unitarians from the North. Property in an orange grove east of town was purchased in 1954. The congregation moved from Lake Eola to Robinson and Hampton once children’s religious education classrooms and a social/worship hall were built in 1958. Gore Hall was completed in 1963, and served as a worship facility for many years. The current modern Sanctuary was dedicated in January of 1995. Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Contributing Project Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator McDonough, Bryan Bixler, Girffin Wojtyto, Joanne Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011 Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Liberal Religious Youth Schedule Alternative Title Liberal Religious Youth Schedule Card Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description A typewritten card containing the schedule of the Liberal Religious Youth, which was an autonomous youth group affiliated with the Unitarian Universalist Association. The group had a presence in Orlando and was responsible for organizing and conducting civil rights demonstrations during the 1960s, including sit-ins at segregated lunch counters and going to other segregated establishments such as theaters and pools. A notable demonstration by the Orlando group was their sit-in at Stroud's Rex Hall Drug Store on March 9, 1961. The Liberal Religious Youth group in Orlando was composed of white and black students generally between the ages of fourteen and nineteen. They met in the library and Gore Hall building of the First Unitarian Church of Orlando at 1901 East Robinson Street. The group disbanded in 1982. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten card: <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/218" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection</a> Coverage First Unitarian Church of Orlando, Florida Creator Liberal Religious Youth Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Date Created ca. 1954-1982 Format image/jpg Extent 294 KB Medium 1 typewritten card Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Liberal Religious Youth and published by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator McDonough, Bryan Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011. Kunerth, Jeff. "<a href="https://www.orlandosentinel.com/features/os-black-teens-civil-rights-story.html" target="_blank">Teens spark Orlando's civil-rights era</a>." Orlando Sentinel. February 09, 2010. Accessed January 11, 2017. https://www.orlandosentinel.com/features/os-black-teens-civil-rights-story.html. McCleary, John Bassett, and Joan Jeffers McCleary. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/699245235" target="_blank">The Hippie Dictionary: A Cultural Encyclopedia (and Phraseicon) of the 1960s and 1970s</a>. Berkeley, Calif: Ten Speed Press, 2008. Kunerth, Jeff. "<a href="https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-2009-09-21-0909200087-story.html" target="_blank">Jones Grad joined sit-ins for civil rights</a>." Orlando Sentinel. September 21, 2009. Accessed January 11, 2017. https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-2009-09-21-0909200087-story.html. civil rights First Unitarian Church of Orlando Gore Hall Liberal Religious Youth LRY orlando religion religious groups Unitarian Universalist Association UUA youth activism youth groups https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/98d059925b0804ca6f414b7ad59cd068.jpg f2f7aade0affd69c4920c4d2d87cf400 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Orlando Unitarian Universalists can follow their roots back to 1912, when Reverend Eleanor Gordon was first minister to a church formed with 21 members. Building Unity Chapel in 1913, the group shared literary and spirited discussions, fostered by transplanted Unitarians from the North. Property in an orange grove east of town was purchased in 1954. The congregation moved from Lake Eola to Robinson and Hampton once children’s religious education classrooms and a social/worship hall were built in 1958. Gore Hall was completed in 1963, and served as a worship facility for many years. The current modern Sanctuary was dedicated in January of 1995. Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Contributing Project Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator McDonough, Bryan Bixler, Girffin Wojtyto, Joanne Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011 Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Minutes of Monthly Meeting, June 5, 1958 Alternative Title Orlando Ministerial Association Minutes of Monthly Meeting Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Minutes of a monthly meeting of the Orlando Ministerial Association. The meeting was held on June 5, 1958, at the Y.M.C.A. in Orlando, Florida. The focus of this meeting was the bombings of a synagogue and African-American school that took place in Jacksonville on April 28, 1958. Two letter were read by Rabbi Kurz, who was the chairman of a special committee concerning the tragedy. The first letter was to the mayor and police department of Jacksonville and the second was to Representative Herlong and two Florida senators. At the end of the meeting, it was authorized that letters of thanks be sent to Mr. Brock, secretary of the Y.M.C.A. for letting them use their building as a meeting place. Appreciation of Pat Pinkerton of the Orlando Sentinel was also expressed due to her providing fair coverage of the meeting. The document was written by John C. Fuller, who was Secretary of the Orlando Ministerial Association. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten report, June 1958: <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/218" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection</a> Coverage Y.M.C.A., Orlando, Florida Creator Orlando Ministerial Association Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Date Created 1958-06-05 Format image/jpg Extent 8.54 MB Medium One-page typewritten report Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Orlando Ministerial Association and published by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator McDonough, Bryan Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011. Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. "<a href="https://www.jta.org/1958/04/29/archive/jacksonville-jewish-center-bombed-community-meets-today-on-action" target="_blank">Jacksonville Jewish Center Bombed Community Meets Today on Action</a>." Jewish Telegraphic Agency. April 29, 1958. Accessed January 23, 2017. http://archive.jta.org/1958/04/29/archive/jacksonville-jewish-center-bombed-community-meets-today-on-action. "<a href="https://www.jta.org/1958/04/30/archive/senators-urge-f-b-i-to-act-on-jacksonville-synagogue-bombing" target="_blank">Senators Urge F. B. I. to Act on Jacksonville Synagogue Bombing</a>." Jewish Telegraphic Agency. April 30, 1958. Accessed January 23, 2017. http://archive.jta.org/1958/04/30/archive/senators-urge-f-b-i-to-act-on-jacksonville-synagogue-bombing. C.A. Johnson civil rights E.T. Brown First Unitarian Church of Orlando Jacksonville John C. Fuller orlando Orlando Ministerial Association religion religious groups Y.M.C.A. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/bfac794cc9ce9d7850b658c2169a6a9a.jpg 55055079952095a26fe2e5a8689b861a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Orlando Unitarian Universalists can follow their roots back to 1912, when Reverend Eleanor Gordon was first minister to a church formed with 21 members. Building Unity Chapel in 1913, the group shared literary and spirited discussions, fostered by transplanted Unitarians from the North. Property in an orange grove east of town was purchased in 1954. The congregation moved from Lake Eola to Robinson and Hampton once children’s religious education classrooms and a social/worship hall were built in 1958. Gore Hall was completed in 1963, and served as a worship facility for many years. The current modern Sanctuary was dedicated in January of 1995. Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Contributing Project Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator McDonough, Bryan Bixler, Girffin Wojtyto, Joanne Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011 Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Minutes of Monthly Meeting, October 2, 1958 Alternative Title Orlando Ministerial Association Minutes of Monthly Meeting Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Minutes of a monthly meeting of the Orlando Ministerial Association. The meeting was held on October 2, 1958, at the Y.M.C.A in Orlando, Florida. The first topic discussed was an election of permanent officers that would take place on October 20, 1958. The second topic discussed was the discrimination of African-Americans by the United Appeal. This inequality being best exemplified by the existence of a colored division within the United Appeal. The final topic discussed concerned the refusal of the Orlando Sentinel to accept advertisements from African-American churches. The document was written by John C. Fuller, who was Secretary of the Orlando Ministerial Association. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten report, October 2, 1958: <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/218" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection</a> Coverage Y.M.C.A., Orlando, Florida Creator Orlando Ministerial Association Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Date Created 1958-10-02 Format image/jpg Extent 7 MB Medium One-page typewritten report Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Orlando Ministerial Association and published by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator McDonough, Bryan Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011. Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. C.A. Johnson civil rights First Unitarian Church of Orlando J.E. Williams J.F. Williams John C. Fuller orlando Orlando Ministerial Association Orlando Sentinel religion religious groups Y.M.C.A. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0ae4b9c78c2fea76b2006625cea6c314.jpg 4ce6f60b0b3ccf9b3d6f338fcfc778c5 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7b8a5f07bede08a29e71b5cb285f3082.jpg ef5b2ff873917ad754ed5e91b7fc4ccb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Orlando Unitarian Universalists can follow their roots back to 1912, when Reverend Eleanor Gordon was first minister to a church formed with 21 members. Building Unity Chapel in 1913, the group shared literary and spirited discussions, fostered by transplanted Unitarians from the North. Property in an orange grove east of town was purchased in 1954. The congregation moved from Lake Eola to Robinson and Hampton once children’s religious education classrooms and a social/worship hall were built in 1958. Gore Hall was completed in 1963, and served as a worship facility for many years. The current modern Sanctuary was dedicated in January of 1995. Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Contributing Project Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator McDonough, Bryan Bixler, Girffin Wojtyto, Joanne Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011 Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Minutes of Monthly Meeting, October 30, 1958 Alternative Title Orlando Ministerial Association Minutes of Monthly Meeting Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Minutes of a monthly meeting of the Orlando Ministerial Association. The meeting was held on October 30, 1958, at the First Unitarian Church of Orlando. This meeting is notable for being the first annually held business meeting. The first topic discussed was that a resolution be drawn up on the matter of desegregating "The Negro Division" of the United Appeal. It would be written by Reverends Staggers, Fuller, Jupiter and C.A Johnson. The second topic discussed was the refusal of the Orlando Sentinel to accept advertisement from African American churches. It was decided that a delegation of members from the Orlando Ministerial Association would meet with the editors of the newspaper to discuss the issue. Next, elections of permanent officers were held. The meeting concluded with a resolution of the Jacksonville bombings being passed called the Declaration of Conscience. The resolution condemned the bombings, saying that the bombers were working against the teachings of Jesus, Moses and Isaiah. The document was written by John C. Fuller, who was Secretary of the Orlando Ministerial Association. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten report, October 30, 1958: <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/218" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection</a> Coverage First Unitarian Church of Orlando, Florida Creator Orlando Ministerial Association Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Date Created 1958-10-30 Format image/jpg Extent 8.37 MB 6.35 MB Medium Two-page typewritten report Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Orlando Ministerial Association and published by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator McDonough, Bryan Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011. Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. civil rights First Unitarian Church of Orlando J.E. Williams Jacksonville John C. Fuller orlando Orlando Ministerial Association Orlando Sentinel religion religious groups United Appeal https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2576f3a7c8c4a656523baa99090aa89e.jpg cd9681bca850d2b522a317e658f95b72 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Orlando Unitarian Universalists can follow their roots back to 1912, when Reverend Eleanor Gordon was first minister to a church formed with 21 members. Building Unity Chapel in 1913, the group shared literary and spirited discussions, fostered by transplanted Unitarians from the North. Property in an orange grove east of town was purchased in 1954. The congregation moved from Lake Eola to Robinson and Hampton once children’s religious education classrooms and a social/worship hall were built in 1958. Gore Hall was completed in 1963, and served as a worship facility for many years. The current modern Sanctuary was dedicated in January of 1995. Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Contributing Project Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator McDonough, Bryan Bixler, Girffin Wojtyto, Joanne Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011 Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Minutes of Monthly Meeting, March 3, 1960 Alternative Title Orlando Ministerial Association Minutes of Monthly Meeting Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Minutes of a monthly meeting of the Orlando Ministerial Association. The meeting was held on March 3, 1960, at the Y.M.C.A. in Orlando, Florida. The committee charged with looking into a possible merger had no report available on a possible amalgamation with the Orange Country Ministerial Association. Members unanimously concluded that they needed to register and urge their churchgoers to vote. Also discussed was the Sunday Closing Law, which mandated that all businesses had to close on Sunday. The Orlando Ministerial Association was against this because they saw it as a violation of constitutional rights. Non-violent lunch counter protests were also discussed. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten report, March 3, 1960: <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/218" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection</a> Coverage Y.M.C.A., Orlando, Florida Creator Orlando Ministerial Association Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Date Created 1960-03-03 Format image/jpg Extent 6.17 MB Medium One-page typewritten report Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Orlando Ministerial Association and published by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator McDonough, Bryan Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011. Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. civil rights E.A. Jupiter First Unitarian Church of Orlando John C. Fuller Orange County Ministerial Association orlando Orlando Ministerial Association religion religious groups Sunday Closing Law Y.M.C.A YMCA