1
100
4
-
https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/03f9bab217494c1158b91112ed424fdf.pdf
33ecfcf91145417f6d7aa6b501a7573a
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Oviedo Historical Society Collection
Alternative Title
Oviedo Historical Society Collection
Subject
Oviedo (Fla).
Description
The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015.
The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history.
Is Part Of
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
Language
eng
Type
Collection
Coverage
Oviedo, Florida
Contributing Project
<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>
<a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
External Reference
"<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/.
Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank"><em>Oviedo, Biography of a Town</em></a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979.
Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank"><em>Around Oviedo</em></a>. 2012.
"<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68.
"<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3.
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
529-page ledger
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
R. W. Estes Celery Company Ledger, 1947-1950
Alternative Title
R. W. Estes Celery Company Ledger
Subject
Oviedo (Fla.)
Agriculture--Florida
Farming
Farms--Florida
Farmers--Southern States
Celery
Celery industry
Shipping--Florida
Accounting--United States
Description
An account ledger for the R. W. Estes Celery Company, Estes' personal accounts, and the personal accounts of Estes' wife, Ruth H. Estes. R. W. Estes Celery Company was a celery growing and shipping business in Oviedo, Florida. The R. W. Estes Celery Company Precooler Historic District is located at 159 North Central Avenue and was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places on September 20, 2001.
Type
Text
Source
Original ledger: <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida.
Is Part Of
<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.
Is Format Of
Digital reproduction of original ledger.
Coverage
R. W. Estes Celery Company, Oviedo, Florida
Creator
R. W. Estes Celery Company
Contributor
Sladek, Megan
Date Created
ca. 1947-1950
Format
application/pdf
Extent
87.1 MB
Medium
529-page ledger
Language
eng
Mediator
History Teacher
Economics Teacher
Provenance
Originally created by R. W. Estes Celery Company.
Owned by Megan Sladek.
Donated to the <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> in 2015.
Rights Holder
Copyright to this resource is held the <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only.
Accrual Method
Donation
Contributing Project
<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>
Curator
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
Source Repository
<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>
External Reference
"<a href="http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/FL/Seminole/districts.html" target="_blank">FLORIDA - Seminole County - Historic Districts </a>." National Register of Historic Places. http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/FL/Seminole/districts.html.
. A. Harris
A. Aulin
A. Duda and Sons
A. E. Bramble and Son
A. H. Malcom Company
A. J. Lossing Transfer and Storage
A. J. Peterson
A. K. Rossetter
A. W. Towne Agency
Abbott & Cobb
ACL
Adkins and Adkins Company
agriculture
Airplane Dusting Service of Zellwood
Alex Leinhart
American Red Cross
American Rug and Linoleum Company
Anderson Brothers
Andrew Carraway Agency
Annie C. Merriweather
Annie Laura Bennett
Annie May Davis
Antioch Missionary Baptist Church
Arch Eug. and Construction Company
Asa Pendleton
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company
Austin, Inc.
B. E. Taylor
B. J. Ward
B. Jones
Bailey Motor Company
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
Bank of Zephyrhills
Beggs Company
Ben G. Wainwright
Ben Jones
Ben Jones Drug Company
Bertha Mason
Bethel Methodist Church
Bill Crey
Bill Slater
Bisese & Console
Black Hammock Drainage Fund
Block B
Blunk Furniture Company
BO
Bob Jones University
Borden's Dairy
Boy Scouts of American
Brainard and Horne Trucking Company
Britt Tractor Company
Brown and Loe, Inc.
Buster Henderson
Byron Thompson and Company, Inc.
C. D. Beggs
C. G. Rakeshaw
C. G. Shaffer
C. Henderson
C. O. Smith
C. R. Clonts
C. R. Clonts and Associates
C. T. Nublack
C. T. Walker Radiator Shop
C. W. Baker
cabbage
California Spray and Chew Company
Camp Bearwalla
Carraway & Smothers
Caruso Fruit Distributors
celery
Celery City Printing Company
celery industry
Cell-u-Mop Company
Central Avenue
Central City Bag Company
Central Florida Bag Exchange
Central Florida Quick Freeze and Storage Company
Charles G. Shaffer
Charles J. Collins
Charles T. Niblack
Chase and Company
Cherrito Celery Company
Chester D. Hiatt
Citizens Bank of Oviedo
City Ice and Fuel Company
Clarence Ashe
Clarence Henderson
Cleveland Celery Market
Clontz Zellwood Farms
Commissioner on Claims
Community Church
Community Produce Company
Consumers Lumber and Veneer Company, Inc.
Cook's Pharmacy
Cook's Prescription Stop
Cooperative Inspection Fund
Crawford Amoco Service
D. Caruise
D. R. Ulrey
D. Rubey
D'Arrigo Brothers Company
Demase and Manna
Dick Harrow
Dorothy Pulmley
DOT
Duda Tire Sales, Inc.
Dunham concrete Company
E. G. Kilpatrick, Jr.
E. L. Kempf
E. P. Collins
E. Williams
Earl Higgingbotham
Earnest Ingram
Eastwest Produce
Econlockhatchee Hunt Club
Elberta Crate and Box Company
Eleanor Lotz
Elwyn Evans
Estes, Ulrey, & Gore
Evelyn Williams
F. A. Long Farm
F. Washington
Falkner, Inc.
farm
Farm and Home Irrigation Supplies
Farm and Home Machinery Company, Inc.
farmer
farming
Farnell's Grocery
feed
Fernald Laughton
fertilizer
Fields Firestone Store
Firestone Stores, Inc.
First National Bank
First National Bank of Orlando
Florida Bank and Trust Company
Florida Farmer Corporation
Florida Fruit and Vegetable Association
Florida Fruit Digest Company
Florida Power Corporation
Florida State Bank
Florida State Bank of Sanford
flower
Food Machinery Corporation
Frank Marshall
Fred Diplin
Fred Washington
freight
Frisco
G. C. Williams
G. J. Rhodes
G. M. Arie
Garrett-Holmes, Inc.
George A. Speer, Jr.
George Armistead Smathers
George D. Daudes
George H. Spohn
George Jakobian
Georgia Crate and Basket Company
Gibbs Corporation
Gibbs Machine Company Shop
Good Neighbors Magazine
Grace C. Hardy
Grady Page
Grant Chapel African Methodist Episcopal Church
Grant Chapel AME Church
Great Southern Stores, Inc.
grower
Growers and Shippers League of Florida
growing
Gulf Fertilizer Company
H. & W. B. Drew Company
H. M. Gleason
H. P. Newhouse
H. P. Newhouse Celery Company
H. T. Kitson
H. W. Lowell
Haley Stewart Electric Company
Halloway Concrete Products
Harry Becker
Harry Beeker and Company
Harry P. Leu
Hays and Russell, Inc.
Hazel W. Nowell
Heintzelman Motors, Inc,
Helen E. Leinhart
Henry A. Russell Seed Company
Henry Detriville
Hern's Photo Supply
Hiatt's Dairy
Hill Implement Company
Hinky Dinky Stores
Howard Gould
Howard Young
Hubert Lee Gray
Hungerford School
Hunt Mercury Company
Hunt's Garage
Hunt's Tuxedo Feed Store
Hutchinson Tractor Equipment Company
ICRR
Illinois Central Railroad
Independent Supply Company
Industrial Equipment Company
insecticide
insurance
Internal Revenue Service
Ira Tossie
IRS
J. A. Harris
J. Baker
J. C. Faircloth
J. C. Hutchinson
J. C. Kassell
J. D. Dillon and Sous Stores Company
J. D. Driggers
J. D. Moore
J. E. Clontz
J. E. Jackson
J. F. Wilson
J. Frank Wilson
J. Miller
J. R. Chappell
J. W. Craddock
J. William Martin
J. Y. Harris
Jack C. Kassell
Jack C. Kendall
Jack F. Wakeman
Jack Gore
James Apothecary
James Craddock
James Gilbert Lyerly
James H. Gut Agency
James Miller
Jim Wilson
Jimmie Cowan
Joe Leinhart
Joe Merritt
Joe Priest
John A. Eick
John Deere
John L. Galloway
John Miceli
John Rocher Chappell
Jones and McLaughlin Trucking Service
Jones Prescription Shop
Joseph L. Stecher
K. Brown
K. C. Baker
Karl Daul
Karl Schneeder
Kay Estes
Kennong Bearing Service
Kilgore Seed Company
Kingman and Hearty, Inc.
Kissam Builders Supply Company
Kooter Brown
Krick Weather Service, Inc. J. H. Daniell
Kroger Company
L. A. Hardy
L. W. Wilkerson
labor
LaJune Estes
Lake Charm Fruit Company
Lake Jessup
Lakeland Cash Feed Company
Lee Brothers
Lee Daniels
Leight Banana Case Company
Leinhart Floral Gardens
Leland Chubb, Jr.
Lena I. Hunt
Levy Grant
Lloyd's Furniture Company
Loniel E. Metcalf
Lonnie Wilkerson
Lot 26
Lot 3
Lot 45
Louis Roesch Company
lumber
M. C. Hagan
M. L. Gore
M. M. Estes
M. P. Mickler Company, Inc. G. M. Arie
M. Roth
M. Vinson
Mallory
Mamie Allen
Mandell
March of Dimes
Martin
Martin Equipment Company
Mary I. Young
Mary King
Masonic Home Endowment Fund
Mathers
Mattie McCoy
Max Leinhart
Medlock Tractor Company
Megan Sladek
Mercury 6
Merrill Wattles
Methodist Church of Oviedo
Mill Suppliers, Inv.
Millikan Brothers Garage
Milton Gore
Miracle Concrete Company
Mitchell Company
Monroe Vinson
Montgomery Ward Company
Morgan
Morgan Tire and Battery Company
Mount Zion Baptist Church
National Bellas Hess
National Marketing Company
National Society for Crippled Children
Nelson and Company, Inc.
New York Life Insurance Company
New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad Company
O. P. Hendon
O'Neal Branch Company
Orange Belt Truck and Track company
Orange Memorial Hospital
Orlando Farm Equipment Store
Orlando Forge
Orlando Office Supply Company
Oviedo
Oviedo Baseball Club
Oviedo Drug Company
Oviedo Farm Equipment Store
Oviedo Garage
Oviedo Lumber and Supply Company
Oviedo Lumber Company
Oviedo School
Oviedo Service Station
P. C. McMichen
P. C. McMicher
P. H. Lansing's Garage
P. I. Oviedo Drug Store for Medicine
Patrick Fruit Company
Paul E. Mary
Paul W. Heasley
Paymaser Corporation
payroll
pecan
Pennie Olliff
Pennsylvania Railroad Company
Pentland and Gray
Pere Marquette
Perkinson-Robison
Peter P. Volante
Peter P. Volaute
Peter S. Schaulan
Phillip Zwigg
Pioneer Fruit
Plywood Industries, Inc.
Produce Reporter Company
Prudential Insurance Company
Public Relations Service
R. C. DeGuehery
R. H. Johnson
R. K. Evans
R. L. Ragsdale
R. L. Scarick
R. L. Slavik
R. L. Stephens
R. N. Fisk Company
R. R. Bass
R. R. Stephens
R. S. Carlson
R. S. Woodruff
R. W. Estes
R. W. Estes Celery Company
Ralph Sirianni
Ratliff and Sons
Ray Clontz, Jr.
Remington-Rend, Inc.
Reynolds Produce company
Rice, Frew, and Rice Company, Inc.
Richard Allen
Richard H. Walker, Jr.
Roger W. Gidley
Rome Lincoln Mercury company
Ruby H. Estes
Russell R. Jones
Rutland's
S. E. Parker
S. F. Long
SAL
Salvation Army
Samuel P. Mandell
San Juan Drug company
Sanford Produce Company
Sarah Vinson
Seaboard Air Line Railroad
Sears, Roebuick, and Company
Seatt Mill Work Company
Seminole County Chamber of Commerce
Seminole County Farm Bureau
Seminole County Motors
Seminole County Tuberculosis Health Association
Seminole Truck and Tractor Company
Senter Brothers
Seventeen Magazine
Sherman Concrete Company
shipper
shipping
Smathers for Senate Club
Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Company
Southern Chemicals, Inc.
Southern Crate and Veneer Company
Southern Pipe and Supply company
St. Louis-San Francisco Railway
Standard Growers' Association
Standard Oil Company
Stanley P. Curtis
Stephens Brothers
Steward
Stock Yard District Agency
Strickland-Morrison, Inc.
Super Concrete, Inc.
Swift and Company
T. Cobb
Texas Company
Thad L. Lingo
The Lions club
The Orlando Morning Star Sentinel
The Sanford Herald
The Shoe Box
Theodore Glassmire
Thomas H. Daniell
Thomas H. Daniell, Jr.
Thomas Lumber and Supply Company
Thomas Moon
Tilden
Tilden Tiling
Title Guaranty and Abstract Company of Sanford
Town of Oviedo
Treasurer of the United States
U.S. Collector of Internal Revenue
U.S. Department of the Treasury
USDOT
V. H. Slay
W. A. Meek
W. A. Teague
W. C. Hutchinson
W. F. Maulding
W. G. Kilby
W. J. Chance
W. j. Flowers
W. J. Lawton
W. L. Daniels
W. T. Whitehead
W. Vincent Roberts
wage
Walker Fertilizer Company
Walton Wall
Ward's Garage
Ward's Garage and Filing Station
warehouse
warehousing
Wesco Foods
Wesley Reddick
Wesleyan College
Western Union Telegraph Company
Wheeler
William C. Hutchinson
William Enderlsin and Company
Willie Cray
Willie Daniell
Wilson-Horne
Winpark Roofing company
Womarath
Woody's Radio Shop
Yoriville
Young Harris Supply Company
Yowell-Drew Ivey Company
-
https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/91963639374e2b65ddd7ca96bdbba321.pdf
10325b0281540190aae924d1cb2e2457
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Friends of Lake Apopka Collection
Alternative Title
FOLA Collection
Subject
Lake Apopka (Fla.)
Water quality--Florida
Pollution--Florida
Description
The Friends of Lake Apopka (FOLA) is a citizen advocacy group with the mission of restoring Lake Apopka in Orange County and Lake County, Florida. Due to poor farming practices along its shores, Lake Apopka has become one of the largest polluted lakes in Florida. This collection features various archival items related to the restoration of the lake.
Contributor
<a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a>
Language
eng
Type
Collection
Coverage
Lake Apopka, Florida
Florida Game and Fresh Water Commission, Tallahassee, Florida
Oakland, Florida
Orlando, Florida
Saint Johns River, Florida
Winter Garden, Florida
Winter Haven, Florida
Zellwood, Florida
Contributing Project
<a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a>
Curator
Cepero, Laura
King, Joshua
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
Source Repository
<a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>
External Reference
"<a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Our Mission & Purpose</a>." Friends of Lake Apopka. http://www.fola.org/.
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
15-page brochure
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A to Z: Zellwood Drainage and Water Control District Brochure
Alternative Title
Zellwood Drainage and Water Control Brochure
Subject
Lake Apopka (Fla.)
Zellwood (Fla.)
Water quality--Florida
Pesticides--United States
Pollution--Florida
Agriculture--Florida
Description
A brochure detailing the creation of the Zellwood Farming District. The brochure gives a timeline of the district's creation and funding, and gives data regarding the District's economic output and employment. The brochure also discusses the District's impact on Lake Apopka.
Type
Text
Source
Photocopy of original 15-page brochure by Henry Swanson: binder 1962, drawer 1938-1987, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>, Oakland, Florida.
Requires
<a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a>
Is Part Of
Binder 1962, drawer 1938-1987, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>, Oakland, Florida.
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/153" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida.
Is Referenced By
"Letter from Robert "Bob" W. Sherman to Henry F. Swanson (June 19, 1963)." RICHES of Central Florida.
Is Format Of
Digital reproduction of photocopied 15-page brochure by Henry Swanson.
Coverage
Lake Apopka, Florida
Zellwood, Florida
Creator
Swanson, Henry
Publisher
Zellwood Drainage and Water Control District
Date Created
ca. 1962
Format
application/pdf
Extent
1.87 MB
Medium
15-page brochure
Language
eng
Mediator
History Teacher
Science Teacher
Geography Teacher
Economics Teacher
Provenance
Originally created by Henry Swanson.
Rights Holder
Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only.
Accrual Method
Donation
Contributing Project
<a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a>
Curator
King, Joshua
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
Source Repository
<a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>
External Reference
"<a href="http://www.protectingourwater.org/watersheds/map/ocklawaha/" target="_blank">Learn About Your Watershed: Ocklawaha River Watershed</a>." Florida's Water: Ours to Protect, Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Accessed June 12, 2015. http://www.protectingourwater.org/watersheds/map/ocklawaha/.
agriculture
Arch Hodges
bean
Beauclair Canal
Belle Glade
cabbage
celery
chemical
Connecticut Mutual
corn
crop
Crop Reporting Service
Dalton Harrison
drainage
employee
endive
escarole
Everglades
Everglades Experiment Station
expenditure
farm
farmer
farming
fertilize
fish
fisheries Division
fishing
Florida Agricultural Extension Service
Florida Humus Company
Florida Legislature
Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission
George B. Hills
government
Henry Swanson
infrastructure
John F. White
labor
Lake and Stream Survey
Lake Apopka
Lake County
Lake Jem
legislative branch
legislature
lettuce
muck
Oakland
peat
pesticide
pollution
R. V. Allison
radish
rainfall
recharge
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
RFC
Richard Whitney
snap bean
soil
spending
spinach
state government
sweet corn
tax
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
U.S. Department of Agriculture
U.S.. Geological Survey
USDA
vegetable
vegetation
W. T. Cox
wage
water
water quality
worker
Zellwood Drainage and Water Control District
Zellword
-
https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/84a07e5ff567eacde98467a2a27d1e91.pdf
b8fe7de0f160bb95095e80cee7d0f2c2
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Patricia Black Collection
Alternative Title
Black Collection
Subject
Sanford (Fla.)
Migrant workers
Agricultural laborers--Florida
Migration, Internal--United States
Farm laborers
Upstate New York (N.Y.)
Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.)
Madison (Fla.)
Houses and homes
Rochester (N.Y.)
Description
Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). <br /><br />Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson.<br /><br />In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. <br /><br />Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. <br /><br />In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. <br /><br />Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. <br /><br />Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED.
Contributor
Black, Patricia Ann
Language
eng
Type
Collection
Coverage
Madison, Florida
Sanford, Florida
Rochester, New York
Wayne County, New York
Wolcott, New York
Accrual Method
Donation
Curator
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
Is Part Of
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>.
Source Repository
Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black
External Reference
Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank"><em>Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</em></a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970.
Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank"><em>Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</em></a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank"><em>African Americans of Sanford</em></a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009.
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
1 envelope and 1-page typewritten letter on U.S. Department of Labor Workplace Standards Administration letterhead
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Letter from Robert D. Moran to Pilgrim Black
Alternative Title
Letter from Moran to Black
Subject
Sanford (Fla.)
Upstate New York (N.Y.)
Migrant workers
Farm laborers
Agricultural laborers--New York (State)
Agricultural laborers--Florida
United States. Department of Labor
Fair labor standards act
Wages--United States
Minimum wage--United States
Description
A letter of correspondence from Robert D. Moran, administrator of the Workplace Standards Administration in the United States Department of Labor, to Pilgrim Black. In the letter, Moran informs Black that the minimum wage for nonfarm employees was to be raised from $1.45/ per hour to $1.60 per hour effective February 1, 1971 and that the minimum wage for farm workers would remain unchanged at $1.30 per hour. <br /><br />Black was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula Mae Haynes (1917-2007) Black were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Wayne County in Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca.1870-ca.1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Loui Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. <br /><br /> Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek, New York, instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to thirty workers at once, which he accepted. <br /><br /> While in Sanford, Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-); Lula Yvonne Black (1942-); Charles Samuel Black (1945-); Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca. 1947-), and Patricia Ann Black (1956-).
Type
Text
Source
Original letter from Robert D. Moran to Pilgrim Black: Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black.
Is Format Of
Digital reproduction of original letter by Robert D. Moranfrom Robert D. Moran to Pilgrim Black.
Coverage
Washington, D.C.
Sanford, Florida
Creator
Moran, Robert D.
Contributor
Black, Patricia Ann
Date Created
ca. 1968-1971
Format
application/pdf
Extent
112 KB
Medium
1 envelope and 1-page typewritten letter on U.S. Department of Labor Workplace Standards Administration letterhead
Language
eng
Mediator
History Teacher
Civics/Government Teacher
Audience Education Level
Provenance
Originally created by Robert D. Moran and owned by Pilgrim Black.
Inherited by Patricia Ann Black in 2002.
Rights Holder
Copyright to the resource is held by Patricia Ann Black and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only.
Accrual Method
Donation
Contributing Project
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72">Patricia Black Collection</a>
Curator
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a>
External Reference
Nordlund, Willis J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33983425" target="_blank"><em>The Quest for a Living Wage: The History of the Federal Minimum Wage Program</em></a>. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1997.
Is Part Of
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida.
Source Repository
Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black
Requires
<a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a>
Bigham, Patricia Ann Black
Black, Patricia Ann
Black, Pilgrim
employee
Fair Labor Standards Act
farm
farming
Georgetown
laborer
migrant labor
migrant worker
minimum wage
Moran, Robert D.
Sanford
U.S. Department of Labor
wage
Wage and Hour Division
worker
Workplace Standards Administration
-
https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ae71ad7c2806108ea596e32405867d77.pdf
3a3d41157e4c8c29c10e3b887b5c5d13
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Patricia Black Collection
Alternative Title
Black Collection
Subject
Sanford (Fla.)
Migrant workers
Agricultural laborers--Florida
Migration, Internal--United States
Farm laborers
Upstate New York (N.Y.)
Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.)
Madison (Fla.)
Houses and homes
Rochester (N.Y.)
Description
Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). <br /><br />Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson.<br /><br />In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. <br /><br />Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. <br /><br />In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. <br /><br />Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. <br /><br />Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED.
Contributor
Black, Patricia Ann
Language
eng
Type
Collection
Coverage
Madison, Florida
Sanford, Florida
Rochester, New York
Wayne County, New York
Wolcott, New York
Accrual Method
Donation
Curator
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a>
Is Part Of
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>.
Source Repository
Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black
External Reference
Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank"><em>Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</em></a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970.
Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank"><em>Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</em></a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank"><em>African Americans of Sanford</em></a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009.
Document
A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.
Original Format
6-page typed paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
Migrant Experience Paper by William Arthur Bigham III
Alternative Title
Migrant Experience
Subject
Sanford (Fla.)
Upstate New York (N.Y.)
Migrant workers
Agricultural laborers--New York (State)
Farm laborers
Segregation--United States
Integration
Desegregation
Wages--New York (State)
Description
An academic paper written by William Arthur Bigham III (1982-) for a course at the State University of New York at Brockport on food and culture on December 19, 2011. Topics discussed in the paper include Bigham's interview with his mother, Patricia Ann Black (1956- ), about her experiences as the child of migrant workers; how migrant workers lived; the difference between education and race relations in the North and in the South; the logistics of working in the fields; and how the Federal government changed migrant work. <br /><br />William Bigham III was born in Rochester and raised in Wayne County, New York. He began teaching microbiology and anatomy at the SUNY Brockport in 2013. He is the son of Patricia Black, the grandson of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007), and the great grandson of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford, Florida, from South Carolina in the 1800s. Bigham's grandparents, Pilgrim and Lula, were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford for the rest of the year.
Type
Text
Is Format Of
Digital reproduction of original paper by William Bigham III, December 19, 2011.
Coverage
Huron, New York
Sanford, Florida
Creator
Bigham, William, III
Contributor
Black, Patricia Ann
Date Created
2011-12-19
Format
application/pdf
Extent
31.4 KB
Medium
6-page typed paper
Language
eng
Mediator
History Teacher
Economics Teacher
Geography Teacher
Provenance
Originally created by William Bigham III.
Rights Holder
Copyright to the resource is held by William Bigham III and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only.
Accrual Method
Donation
Contributing Project
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72">Patricia Black Collection</a>
Curator
Cepero, Laura
Digital Collection
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a>
External Reference
Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank"><em>Uprooted Children: The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</em></a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970.
Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank"><em>Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</em></a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank"><em>African Americans of Sanford</em></a> Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009.
Is Part Of
<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida.
Requires
<a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a>
Source Repository
Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black
Transcript
Food and culture William Bigham
Migrant experience paper 12/19/11
I interviewed my mother for this paper because of her experience on the subject of the migrant life. Her family worked in the migrant agricultural field for years back in the 1950’s and 1960’s. Every year before the fruit harvesting began my grandfather would assemble a crew down in Florida to bring up to New York. The crews were made up of mostly men but often there would be married couples as well. Often single men were preferred over married men or families. The reason for this was because they would be able to work harder. Single men would have fewer distractions and would be more willing to live in and put up with the conditions of the camp. Once the crew was assembled they would travel up to New York by bus. My grandfather would drive the bus with the people on it and my mother’s uncle (Uncle Buddy) would drive a truck with everyone’s belonging. The trip would take a few days. My grandfather knew all of the stops on their route that were friendly toward black people. You have to remember that this was back in the 50’s and 60’s so racism was still quite prevalent; you couldn’t just go to any gas station or restaurant, you had to go to ones that excepted business from black people. As a young girl this allowed my mother to be exposed to as little of this racial environment as possible. As a parent I would want to protect my child from having to experience this type of situation. This also allowed the trips to and from New York to be somewhat enjoyable and to have an almost vacation like feel.
The camp consisted of a house “big house” and a series of single room “huts”. These huts were very minimal in what was in them. Many of them were no bigger than 10’x12’, enough for one to two beds. There was also a kitchenette which consisted of a tiny gas stove and a table. These huts had no insulation and only one light socket. They would screw an adaptor in to the light socket that had electrical outlets and a light socket in it. This was the only way to get electrical outlets into the room. There was also no running water on the camp, so everyone had to use the water from the well. There was also no indoor plumbing so everyone had to use the outhouses. Basically these huts were Spartan in nature. They were meant for only the bare minimum, rest after a long day of work, not for comfort. The main house was a two story building that did have insulation but still no running water or indoor plumbing also it had only one light socket per room. As a little girl my mother looked at living on the camp as going camping for a little while each year.
Coming up north allowed my mother to attend a better school for a few months out of the year. Also it allowed her to attend a non-segregated school. While schools were not supposed to be segregated they still were. It was just a part of life in the south. Also they “black” schools got the used books and second rate supplies compared to the “white” schools down south. My mother recalls a time when she was in school in Florida and one of her books was from the very school she attended while in New York. It was a used book that had been sent down for that school to use because they could not afford new books.
While life on the camp may have been a little Spartan, everyone on the camp made the choice to be there. As my mother put it we would sacrifice and live poorly for a few months and return to Florida to live like kings. A few people would work like crazy while up north and make enough money to last them all year long. While they were back in Florida they wouldn’t need to work. From my experience as a child living in Wayne County, the children of migrant parents always had nice clothes and were well kempt. They always had the same stuff as the other kids and sometimes maybe even nicer things. The area where I grew up wasn’t exactly the richest place in the world but we were always happy so I can assume they were at least as well off as I was. Referring back to living like kings, according to my mother when the migrants would go back to Florida they were some of the better off people in their respective neighborhoods. They would have the nicer homes and the new cars. Back in the 1960’s migrant workers would get paid around $10 for a bin of apples, which was a lot of money back then. If you were a skilled worker you could easily fill two bins an hour, even more if you were a couple or family that was working together.
Out in the orchards you would pretty much bring what you needed for the work day, like water and food and whatever sun protection you wanted. The farmer did not supply water for you so you had to make sure you had some of your own. My Grandfather would bring a keg filled with water for the worker each day; this is something he did on his own. He was essentially their supervisor/manager so he felt an obligation to make sure they had the things they needed. He was in charge of tallying everyone’s bin count so that they got paid the correct amount each week. Also he would organize the weekly trips into town so people could get groceries and other things. My grandmother would make and sell meals to the workers who wanted, usually to the single men; she would charge around $7 a day for three home cooked meals. At the end of each week on payday after everyone was paid they would go and pay my grandmother for the meals that they had eaten. My mother told a story of a couple that worked so hard, the farmer didn’t have enough money to pay them; they had to wait till the season was over and the farmer had sold his apples and gotten more money. This story shows just how much money there was to be made if you were willing to work hard.
My mother feels that this system/life style definitely does not exist nor could it exist today. Once the government got more involved things started to change. The biggest thing that changed this way of life was when the government forced the farmers to start paying by the hour instead of by the bin. This greatly reduced the amount of money you would make. You could only make so much money in a day base on the hourly system but getting paid by the bin allowed you to make vastly more money, the faster/harder you worked the more you were paid/rewarded. A lot of people refused to work in this new system, they knew what they could have been making and did not want to be doing the same job for less money. This is the time when a lot of people got out of the migrant field and went on to other things. While some things may have improved like running water and indoor plumbing and electricity, other conditions are worsening. Conditions like what they are paid and their work environment have steadily gotten worse. Many African Americans would not tolerate these new conditions and that is one major factor as to why Hispanic people displace African Americans. Back then the conditions may have been hard but it was a conscience choice that was made by all that travelled up north. If you worked hard and made a small sacrifice for a few months you would be rewarded for your efforts, it would allow you to live well the rest of the year. This is not the case anymore; you work hard and still will be struggling to get by. In the old system the farmer made money but the worker also made a living wage; in this new system the farmers still make their money but now the worker is struggling to make ends meet, no matter how hard they work they just can’t seem to get ahead. We really need to look at our current agriculture system, and decide if we want cheap food that comes from the broken backs of the people who pick them and the horrible treatment of animals or do we want food that comes from people that made a living wage and animals that were humanely raised. If it meant that my food cost a little more I know which choice I would make. While conditions may not have been ideal the old system at least allowed people to live, the new system is little more than modern legalized slavery.
African American
agriculture
Bigham, Patricia Ann Black
Bigham, William Arthur, III
Black, Lula Mae Haynes
Black, Patricia Ann
Black, Pilgrim
bus
desegregation
education
farm
farmer
farming
fruit
fruit industry
harvest
hourly pay
hourly wage
integration
labor
laborer
manager
migrant work
migrant worker
orchard
piece rate
piece work
race relations
racism
Sanford
school
segregation
State University of New York at Brockport
SUNY Brockport
supervisor
task wage
Upstate New York
wage
Wayne County
Wayne County, New York
work camp
worker