The Sky View Center, a Shell gas station, and a 7-Eleven convenience store in Sky Lake, a residential community and unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida. The divided highway at the foreground is most likely U.S. Route 441 (US 441), also known as Orange Blossom Trail (OBT). The building on the far right is Sky Bowl. Sky Lake is located approximately seven miles south of Downtown Orlando between Lancaster Road and Sand Lake Road. The community was developed in late 1950s and 1960s by Hymen Lake. Houses originally sold in the range of $10,000 to $15,000. In the 1970s, Sky Lake became one of the first housing developments to be racially integrated. The community was originally proposed to include one thousand homes within the middle of the square mile block and a ring of commercial developments along the perimeter.
Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photograph by Fred DeWitt: Pine Castle Historical Society, Pine Castle, Florida.
The entrance to the Oak Ridge portion of the residential development in Sky Lake, Florida. The cross street on the left is Sand Lake Road. Sky Lake is a residential community and unincorporated area located approximately seven miles south of Downtown Orlando between Lancaster Road and Sand Lake Road. The community was developed in late 1950s and 1960s by Hymen Lake. Houses originally sold in the range of $10,000 to $15,000. In the 1970s, Sky Lake became one of the first housing developments to be racially integrated. The community was originally proposed to include one thousand homes within the middle of the square mile block and a ring of commercial developments along the perimeter.
An aerial view of Sky Bowl in Sky Lake, Florida, in the 1960s. Sky Bowl was built in 1961 and is still in operation today as AMF Sky Lane. The road pictured in the forefront of the photograph is U.S. Route 441 (US 441), also known as Orange Blossom Trail (OBT). Sky Lake is a residential community and unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida. It is located approximately seven miles south of Downtown Orlando between Lancaster Road and Sand Lake Road. The community was developed in late 1950s and 1960s by Hymen Lake. Houses originally sold in the range of $10,000 to $15,000. In the 1970s, Sky Lake became one of the first housing developments to be racially integrated. The community was originally proposed to include one thousand homes within the middle of the square mile block and a ring of commercial developments along the perimeter.
The Voltaire Drive entrance to Sky Lake, located off of Lancaster Road. The shot angle was due north of the entrance. Sky Lake is a residential community and unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida. It is located approximately seven miles south of Downtown Orlando between Lancaster Road and Sand Lake Road. The community was developed in late 1950s and 1960s by Hymen Lake. Houses originally sold in the range of $10,000 to $15,000. In the 1970s, Sky Lake became one of the first housing developments to be racially integrated. The community was originally proposed to include one thousand homes within the middle of the square mile block and a ring of commercial developments along the perimeter.
A south view of Sky Lake, Florida, in 1966. The second photograph is annotated to identify the Beeline Mall, Publix, Oak Ridge and Oak Ridge II, Sky Bowl, Orlando Central Park, Oak Ridge High School, and Candlelight Park. The roadway at the bottom of the photograph is Florida State Road 528 (SR 528) also called the Martin Andersen Bee Line Expressway. The Bee Line has since changed its name to the Martin Andersen Beachline Expressway. Sky Lake is a residential community and unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida. It is located approximately seven miles south of Downtown Orlando between Lancaster Road and Sand Lake Road. The community was developed in late 1950s and 1960s by Hymen Lake. Houses originally sold in the range of $10,000 to $15,000. In the 1970s, Sky Lake became one of the first housing developments to be racially integrated. The community was originally proposed to include one thousand homes within the middle of the square mile block and a ring of commercial developments along the perimeter.
Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photographs, 1966: Pine Castle Historical Society, Pine Castle, Florida.
Construction at Sky Lake, located approximately seven miles south of Downtown Orlando, Florida, between Lancaster Road and Sand Lake Road. The Sky Lake residential community was developed in late 1950s and 1960s by Hymen Lake. Houses originally sold in the range of $10,000 to $15,000. In the 1970s, Sky Lake became one of the first housing developments to be racially integrated. This residential community was originally proposed to include one thousand homes within the middle of the square mile block and a ring of commercial developments along the perimeter.
Original black and white photograph by Fred DeWitt: Pine Castle Historical Society, Pine Castle, Florida.
Pre-Cooler at the Nelson and Company Packing Plant, 1973
The Nelson and Company Packing plant and a pre-cooler. The company was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The Wheeler Fertilizer Plant was a holding of Nelson and Company. The original plant was destroyed in a fire in 1947, but eventually rebuilt six months later. Nelson and Company is located in what is now the Nelson and Company Historic District, and was incorparated in September of 2001. The 80-acre district encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. This photograph was taken by Henry DeWolf in 1973 for an aerial survey of Oviedo.
Original 20 x 16 inch color photograph by Henry DeWolf: Private Collection of Arthur Evans.
Nelson and Company Packing Plant, Oviedo, Florida
Wheeler Fertilizer Plant, Oviedo, Florida
Nelson and Company Packing Plant and Wheeler Fertilizer Plant, 1973
The Nelson and Company Packing Plant, as well as the Wheeler Fetilizer Company Plant. The company was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The Wheeler Fertilizer Plant was a holding of Nelson and Company. The original plant was destroyed in a fire in 1947, but eventually rebuilt six months later. Nelson and Company is located in what is now the Nelson and Company Historic District, and was incorparated in September of 2001. The 80-acre district encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. This photograph was taken by Henry DeWolf in 1973 for an aerial survey of Oviedo.
Original 20 x 16 inch color photographs by Henry DeWolf: Private Collection of Arthur Evans.
The Citizens Bank of Oviedo, which originally opened on East Broadway Street on July 2, 1946. The land on which the bank sits was originally the Bill Browning celery farm. The Citizens Bank of Oviedo took in over half a million dollars in deposits on its first day, with B. F. Wheeler as president, C. R. Clonts as vice president, and Charles Shaffer as the cashier. In 1949, the bank moved to the Memorial Building, which is located at 38 South Central Avenue. This photograph was taken by Henry DeWolf for an aerial survey of Oviedo, Florida. On March 25, 1974, the Citizens' Bank of Oviedo reopened at 156 Geneva Drive. The bank is now the Citizens' Bank of Florida with locations throughout Seminole County.
Citizen's Bank of Oviedo, Downtown Oviedo, Florida
The Circular Congregational Church Postcard
A postcard depicting the Circular Congregational Church in Charleston, which was organized in 1681. It is one of the oldest continuously worshipping congregations in the South. The present building was completed in 1892 using bricks from the Old Circular Hall, which burned down in 1861. This postcard is part of a collection of postcards kept by Lucile Campbell, a schoolteacher in Sanford, Florida, for 30 years. In 1931, she took advantage of a special rate for teachers and sailed to Europe, where she traveled for several months and is thought to have acquired many of these postcards. During the 1940-1941 school year, Campbell taught at Sanford Grammar School. Before her retirement in 1970, she taught at many other area schools, including the Oviedo School, Westside Grammar School, and Pinecrest Elementary School. Campbell used these postcards as aids in her classrooms to teach advanced subjects, such as Shakespearean drama. The collection, along with her other teaching aids, papers, and photographs, was later found at Sanford Grammar School after it became the University of Central Florida's Public History Center. Campbell's postcard collection and photographs provide insight into the life of a respected Florida educator.
Original 3 x 5 inch color postcard: ACC# SM-00-243, file folder 1 (U.S. blanks), box 10A, Lucile (Mary Lucile) Campbell Collection, UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.
Circular Congregational Church, Charleston, South Carolina
A postcard depicting the exterior of Butler's, advertised as the first restaurant in Florida on U.S. Route 17. Butler's was located at the junction of US 17, Florida State Road 200 (SR 200), and Florida State Road A1A (SR A1A) in Yulee, a census-designated place that is now known for a golf course designed in part by Arnold Palmer (1929-). This postcard is part of a collection of postcards kept by Lucile Campbell, a schoolteacher in Sanford, Florida, for 30 years. In 1931, she took advantage of a special rate for teachers and sailed to Europe, where she traveled for several months and is thought to have acquired many of these postcards. During the 1940-1941 school year, Campbell taught at Sanford Grammar School. Before her retirement in 1970, she taught at many other area schools, including the Oviedo School, Westside Grammar School, and Pinecrest Elementary School. Campbell used these postcards as aids in her classrooms to teach advanced subjects, such as Shakespearean drama. The collection, along with her other teaching aids, papers, and photographs, was later found at Sanford Grammar School after it became the University of Central Florida's Public History Center. Campbell's postcard collection and photographs provide insight into the life of a respected Florida educator.
Original 3 x 5 inch color postcard by Dexter Press, Inc.: ACC# SM-00-243, file folder 1 (U.S. blanks), box 10A, Lucile (Mary Lucile) Campbell Collection, UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.
Letter from Morris I. Diamond to Lou Gibaldi (December 20, 1965)
Music--New York (State)--New York--20th century
A letter of correspondence from Morris I. Diamond, National Promotion Director of Mercury Record Corporation, to Lou Gibaldi. Diamond informs Gibaldi that he received his letter and picutres of The Young Executives, and requests that a few thousand more be sent so that he could mail them to all radio stations. Diamond says that they all like the record and asks if the band is available to do some promotion. He asks if the kids in the band go to school and requests a complete biography on all three of them. Initially called the Executives, the band was formed in 1963 by Jesse Cutler (then known as Lou London), Ricky Shutter and Steve Wagner. The band signed to Mercury Records in 1964, where they recorded a hit single called "Everybody Do the Duck". That same year, the band appeared as guests on the Joe Franklin Show, Wonderama, The Clay Cole Show, American Bandstand, Hullaballoo and Shindig. Over the next two years they performed at charity events and private celebrity parties all over Long Island and New York City. They played in the company of the Rolling Stones, Sammy Davis Jr., Barbra Streisand, Anthony Newley, Joan Collins and the Beatles. The group broke up in 1966. Jesse Cutler has spent an illustrious career, beginning at age 12, as a musician, composer, actor, producer, and entrepreneur. Starting in New York City in the 1960s and then in Los Angeles from the early ‘70s through the late ‘90s, Jesse performed with his bands and in the original cast of Godspell on Broadway, made records that saw Billboard’s Top 100, formed his own companies and appeared on TV and radio and in national print.
1-page typewritten letter, December 20, 1965: Personal Collection of Jesse Cutler.
RICHES
Mercury Record Corporation, Chicago, Illinois
Letter from Morris I. Diamond to All Distributors, Promotion Managers and Regional Managers (December 28, 1965)
A letter of correspondence from Morris I. Diamond, National Promotion Director of Mercury Record Corporation, to all distributors, promotion managers and regional manager. Diamond mentions a new Mercury single called "Everybody Do the Duck", that had been sent to the recipients the previous week. Diamond praises the song and the band, The Young Executives. A black and white promotional photograph of the group is attached. The word "Young" is handwritten in between the typed words "The" and Executives", indicating that the band's name had been updated. Initially called the Executives, the band was formed in 1963 by Jesse Cutler (then known as Lou London), Ricky Shutter and Steve Wagner. The band signed to Mercury Records in 1964, where they recorded a hit single called "Everybody Do the Duck". That same year, the band appeared as guests on the Joe Franklin Show, Wonderama, The Clay Cole Show, American Bandstand, Hullaballoo and Shindig. Over the next two years they performed at charity events and private celebrity parties all over Long Island and New York City. They played in the company of the Rolling Stones, Sammy Davis Jr., Barbra Streisand, Anthony Newley, Joan Collins and the Beatles. The group broke up in 1966. Jesse Cutler has spent an illustrious career, beginning at age 12, as a musician, composer, actor, producer, and entrepreneur. Starting in New York City in the 1960s and then in Los Angeles from the early ‘70s through the late ‘90s, Jesse performed with his bands and in the original cast of Godspell on Broadway, made records that saw Billboard’s Top 100, formed his own companies and appeared on TV and radio and in national print.
1-page typewritten letter, December 28, 1965: Personal Collection of Jesse Cutler.
A History of Central Florida, Episode 8: European Earthenware
Episode 8 of A History of Central Florida Podcast: European Earthenware. A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 8 features a discussion of the European ceramics found in the New World. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. George Long of University of Central Florida, Dr. Roger Grange of the University of South Florida, and Dr. Daniel S. Murphree of the University of Central Florida.
Original 10-minute and 59-second podcast by Bethany Dickens, 2013: "A History of Central Florida, Episode 8: European Earthenware." A History of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Florida Memory Project
Orange County Regional History Center
New Smyrna Museum of History
Florida History Online
Silver River Museum and Environmental Education Center
New Smyrna Museum of History, New Smyrna Beach, Florida
Fountain of Youth Archaeological Park, St. Augustine, Florida
University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
Silver River Museum and Environmental Education Center, Ocala, Florida
Orange County Regional History Center, Orlando, Florida
A History of Central Florida, Episode 17: Travel Dining
Episode 17 of A History of Central Florida podcasts: Travel Dining. A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 17 features a discussion of a travel dining on steamships in Central Florida. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Mark Howard Long of the University of Central Florida, Dr. Tracy J. Revels of Wofford College, and Philip Cross of the National Railway Historical Society.
Original 12-minute and 42-second podcast by Bethany Dickens, 2014: "A History of Central Florida, Episode 17: Travel Dining." A History of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Museum of Seminole County History
Central Florida Railroad Museum
Library of Congress
Museum of Seminole County History, Sanford, Florida
Central Florida Railroad Museum, Winter Garden, Florida
A History of Central Florida, Episode 18: Time Pieces
Episode 18 of A History of Central Florida podcasts: Time Pieces. A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 18 features a discussion of time pieces at the Museum of Geneva History, the Central Florida Railroad Museum, and the Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Mark Howard Long of the University of Central Florida, Dr. Alexis M. McCrossen of Southern Methodist University, Philip Cross of the National Railway Historical Society, and Ben Green, author of Before His Time: The Untold Story of Harry T. Moore, America's First Civil Rights Martyr.
Original 14-minute and 39-second podcast by Bethany Dickens, 2014: "A History of Central Florida, Episode 18: Time Pieces." A History of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Museum of Geneva History
Museum of Geneva History, Geneva, Florida
Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Mims, Florida
A History of Central Florida, Episode 27: Leather Cap & Goggles
Episode 27 of A History of Central Florida podcasts: Leather Cap & Goggles. A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 27 features a discussion of a leather racing cap and goggles, as well as automobile racing artifacts located at the Halifax Historical Museum in Daytona Beach, Florida. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Randal L. Hall of Rice University and Buzz McKim, a National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) historian.
Original 13-minute and 1-second podcast by Bethany Dickens, 2014: "A History of Central Florida, Episode 27: Leather Cap & Goggles." A History of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Halifax Historical Museum
Halifax Historical Museum, Daytona Beach, Florida
A 45 RPM vinyl record single of the song, "Bo Diddley," recorded by The Rovin' Flames on Tampa Bay Records at H and H Productions in Tampa, Florida, in June of 1966. The record was produced by Phil Kempin and the song was written by Bo Diddley, a.k.a. Ellas Otha Bates or Ellas McDaniel. The B-side is "Seven Million People." The Rovin' Flames were formed in Tampa in 1965 by Paul Battle (rhythm guitar and vocals), Jimmy "Mouse" Morris (lead guitar), J. R. Maietta (bass) and Jerry Goff (drums). They recorded "Gloria/J.J.J.P." in September 1965 on Fuller Records and recorded their second record, "I Can't/I'm Afraid to Go Home," on Boss records in March of 1966. Hardy Dial, from The Outsiders/Soul Trippers, was added on lead vocals in the summer of 1966, and the group recorded "Bo Diddley/Seven Million People" in June of 1966. Battle, Goff, and Dial left the group in September of 1966 and were replaced by Jim Davis (vocals), Davy Tabak (drums) and John Rogers (organ). Davis left in December of 1966 and Battle briefly returned as lead vocalist, before being replaced by John DeLise, also of The Outsiders/Soul Trippers, in February of 1967. The group replaced Tabak with Eddie Taylor on drums in July of 1967, and recorded "How Many Times/Love Song No. 6" in September of 1967 on Decca Records. Although DeLise lasted longer than most of the band's lead vocalists, he left the group in less than a year, being replaced by Bob Thompson in November of 1967. Rogers passed away in March of 1968, and Thompson and Taylor left the group, being replaced by Jay Colding (organ), Jerry Nickerson (drums) and Ronnie Goedert (lead vocals), in July of 1968. Goedert left shortly thereafter in the fall of 1968, and was replaced by Hobie O'Brien, who remained the lead vocalist until the band broke up in January or February of 1969.
Original vinyl record, June 1966: Profiles: Bands & Artists, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.
The gravesite of Lieutenant Dean N. Post, Jr. (1921-1944). Lt. Post was a pilot from Tampa, Florida, who served in the U.S. Army during World World II with the 357th Fighter Group of the 264th Fighter Squadron. His airplane crashed in Martimpré, France, on May 27, 1944, and was executed by German authorities after being hidden by French citizens in Gérardmer. Lt. Post is buried at Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France.
Digital reproduction of original black and white photograph by André Voirin, May 27, 1944. http://francecrashes39-45.net/page_fiche_av.php?id=2675.
An aerial view from 1959, likely depicting the land that would be used to developed Sky Lake, Florida. The second photograph is annotated to identify the surrounded roads, including Lancaster Road, Oak Ridge Road, and U.S. Route 441 (US 441), also known as Orange Blossom Trail (OBT). Sky Lake is a residential community and unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida. It is located approximately seven miles south of Downtown Orlando between Lancaster Road and Sand Lake Road. The community was developed in late 1950s and 1960s by Hymen Lake. Houses originally sold in the range of $10,000 to $15,000. In the 1970s, Sky Lake became one of the first housing developments to be racially integrated. The community was originally proposed to include one thousand homes within the middle of the square mile block and a ring of commercial developments along the perimeter.
Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photograph, September 15, 1959: Pine Castle Historical Society, Pine Castle, Florida.
Oral History of Luticia "Tish" Lee, Linda Maliczowski, and Catherine "Cathy" Dingle
Oral history of Luticia "Tish" Lee and her two daughters, Linda Maliczowski and Cathy Dingle. The interview was conducted by University of Central Florida Professor of History Dr. Scot French on October 20, 2013. Lee was born in Sanford, Florida in 1923 and lived in her family house, which was constructed in 1926, while growing up. Her father was a member of the American Legion and worked as a superintendent for the Crown Paper Company, and also as a carpenter. Following her high school graduation, Lee worked as a secretary for the local ice plant, which no longer stands. Other topics in the oral history include Sanford during World War II, the cannon at the American Legion Hall, the Lee family rolling pin and other family heirlooms, baking various foods, Lee's father, the grocery store run by Lee's mother and aunt, Lee's involvement with Creative Sanford, Inc. productions, a family fireless cooker, and the French house.
Lee, Luticia, Linda Maliczowski, and Cathy Dingle. Interviewed by Scot French. October 30, 2013. Audio/video record available. RICHES of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
RICHES of Central Florida
Creative Sanford, lnc., Sanford, Florida
American Legion Campbell-Lossing Post 53, Sanford, Florida
Naval Air Station (NAS), Sanford, Florida
Personnel at the Downtown Orlando Post Office, 1938
The staff of the Downtown Orlando Post Office, located at 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, in 1938, including Postmaster Beggs. All employees of the Post Office, including the custodians, were considered full employees of the federal government making these jobs quite sought after by the general public. Employees were well taken care of thanks to government benefits and job security was rather high making these jobs secure and reliable sources of income. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building's designer was Louis Simon, who used a Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices.
Original black and white photograph, 1938: Orlando Remembered Exhibit, Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida.
Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida
Crowd for the Rolling Stones at Rock Superbowl XII
The crowd at Rock Superbowl XII featuring the Rolling Stones at the Tangerine Bowl in Orlando, Florida, on October 25, 1981. The ticket price was $15.60, including tax, and the show began at noon, with the doors opening at 9 am. The opening act was Van Halen. The concert was promoted by Cellar Door Productions and Beach Club Productions. This photograph was taken by Orlando radio personality, Mick Dolan. The Rolling Stones are an English rock and blues band formed in 1962 that have become one of the most successful musical acts of all time. The band enjoyed the height of their commercial and critical success during the 1960s and 1970s. The Tangerine Bowl has also been known as Orlando Stadium, the Citrus Bowl, Florida Citrus Bowl Stadium and is currently known as Orlando Citrus Bowl Stadium. It opened in 1936 and has been home to numerous sporting and entertainment events throughout its existence. The Rolling Stones 1981 Tour was the first time a band had a corporate sponsorship, allowing Jovan Musk to pay them several million dollars to sponsor the tour without the band having to officially endorse the company. The band explained that "selling out" to corporate sponsors would help keep ticket prices down. The average ticket price was $16 and the tour grossed $50 million in tickets sales, the highest of any tour in 1981. This would be the last time the band toured the United States until 1989.
Original color photograph: Private Collection of Mick Dolan.
Mark Samansky, a popular radio personality, a pioneering DJ, and one of the earliest "shock jocks" in Orlando, Florida. He was half of the iconic “Baxter and Mark Show," which aired from 5:30 am to 10:00 am weekdays on 100.3 WDIZ-FM, from 1983 to 1992. Known for his twisted and irreverent sense of humor, extensive knowledge of rock music, and musical parodies, Samansky performed on-air and at various small Orlando venues, Samansky was a staple of rock radio in the region for 20 years. Samansky's radio career began in 1976 in Cheyenne, Wyoming, before he moved to Denver, Colorado; Chicago, Illinois; and finally, Houston, Texas, where he began a hit show with fellow disc jockey Alan Baxter, "The Baxter and Mark Show," which they brought to Orlando in 1983. The show was the #1 rated radio show among adults 18 to 34 years old in Orlando for a period. Samansky left the show in 1992 and moved to 740 WWNZ-AM in Orlando, where he remained until he was fired in 1993 for an off-color comment he made on-air. He next moved to the Orlando classic-rock station 96.5 WHTQ-FM, experiencing a ratings-topping summer in 1996 among 25- to 54-year-olds. Samansky later served a one-year stint at 101.1 WJRR-FM in 2000 alongside Larry the Cable Guy, and helped produce the future-famous comedian's first album. Samansky passed away in 2011.
Original black and white photograph: Private Collection of Mick Dolan.
Alan Baxter, an unidentified man, and radio personality, radio personality Mick Dolan, on May 5, 2012, at the Shovelhead Lounge in Longwood, Florida. The three men are wearing black t-shirts with a photograph of Mark Samansky and the caption, "CINCO DE MARKO" printed on them. Baxter and Samansky co-hosted the "Baxter and Mark Show," which aired from 5:30 am to 10:00 am weekdays on 100.3 WDIZ-FM, from 1983 to 1992. Known for their twisted and irreverent sense of humor, extensive knowledge of rock music, and musical parodies, the pair performed on-air and at various small Orlando venues and was a staple of rock radio in Orlando. Samansky passed away in 2011, and "Cinco de Marko" became a celebration of his life, since he was born on May 5.
Mick Dolan's Ticket Stub and Press Pass Collection
A collection of ticket stubs and press passes from Orlando radio personality, Mick Dolan. The items are collectively mounted and framed, along with several guitar picks, business cards and stickers. Some of the ticket stubs include Twisted Sister at the Lakeland Civic Center in Lakeland, Florida, on October 19, 1984; Uriah Heep on October 4, 1986; The Romantics on June 20, 1984; The Police at Rock Super Bowl XIX on October 29, 1983; The B-52's at Orlando Seminole Jai Alai Fronton in Fern Park on July 1983; Joe Jackson at Bob Carr Performing Arts Centre in Orlando on March 30, 1983; and Bob Seger, Triumph, and Men at Work. Some of the press passes include Molly Hatchet's 1986-1987 Tour; Ratt at Orange County Civic Center in Orlando on December 6, 1985; Van Halen at Lakeland Civic Center on January 22, 1984;, Elvis Costello at the Bob Carr Performing Arts Centre on August 5, 1984; Foghat at Tom's Point After Lounge in Orlando on November 13, 1983; Men at Work's 1985 Tour; Pat Travers Band's 1986 Tour; Rick Springfield's 1983 World Tour; Iron Maiden; REO Speed Wagon; STYX; Ted Nugent; Triumph;, A Flock of Seagulls; and Yes.
Orlando Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida
Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida
Bob Carr Performing Arts Centre, Orlando, Florida
Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida
Tom's Point After Lounge, Orlando, Florida
Letter from John R. Dollar to W. R. Clonts (December 10, 1979)
A letter from John R. Dollar to W. R. Clonts, dated December 10, 1979. In this letter, Dollar the Project Manager for Post, Buckley, Shuch & Jernigan Inc., writes to Clonts, a farmer in the Zellwood Drainage and Water Control District (ZDWCD), to inform him of changes made by the Orange County Pollution Control Board to the district's usage of water from Lake Apopka. The changes include monitoring requirements for various pumps used by the ZDWCD, such as fuel usage and water quality sampling. The Zellwood Drainage and Water Control District was created by the Florida Legislature in 1941 for taxation and land management of farming areas on the north shore of Lake Apopka. The district was granted powers of self-taxation and permitted to construct canals, bridges, and dikes in the area. The north shore farms were constructed on "muck land" created by the drainage of wetlands bordering Lake Apopka. The soil in these areas, often called "muck soil," is highly fertile and vulnerable to oxidation. The ZDWCD was permitted to routinely flood farmlands, when not in use, in order to keep the soil wet and preventing its loss to oxidation. These lands would then be drained before each growing season and this water was discharged back into Lake Apopka. Practices like these were considered to contribute to the pollution of Lake Apopka, with the discharge of fertilizer-rich water creating conditions of “eutrophication” in the lake and promoting the growth of harmful algae. The Friends of Lake Apopka (FOLA), a citizen advocacy group organized for the environmental restoration of Lake Apopka in the early 1990s, lobbied for increased restrictions on the district’s ability to utilize water from Lake Apopka. These efforts culminated in a buyout of the Zellwood Drainage and Water Control District farmlands by the State of Florida in 1998, and farming operations ceased in June of that year. The ZDWCD was dissolved by the Florida Legislature in September of 2000.
Original 2-page typewritten letter from John R. Dollar to W. R. Clonts, December 10, 1979: binder 1979, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, Oakland Nature Preserve, Oakland, Florida.
Sixteenth Census Population for Hingham, Plymouth County, Massachusetts, 1940
The Sixteenth Unites States Census records for Plymouth County, Hingham, Massachusetts for 1940. The census divides the population by name, age, sex, race, marital status, residence, home owned or rented, value of home or monthly rent, whether living on a farm, other residents of same address, relation to head of house, attended school or college after March 1940, highest grade completed, state or foreign country of birth, employment status, hours of work per week, duration of employment, and wages. Supplemental questions include the father and mother's birthplace, language spoken in home during childhood, veteran status, father's veteran status, social security, usual occupation and industry, class of worker, if women have been married more than once, age at first marriage if so, and number of children born. A notable resident listed in this record is Henry Francis Cavicchi (1896-1991). Born on September 4, 1896 in Quincey, Massachusetts, Cavicchi was a first generation Italian-American. His father moved from Italy to the United States in the 1880s, where he married a Canadian immigrant and settled in New York. Shortly after Henry’s birth, the family moved to Massachusetts. After working for the family business, Cavicchi Polishing Machine Co., Henry briefly joined the United States Navy in June 1918, where he served during the First World War. When he left the Navy in 1919, Cavicchi returned to Massachusetts, where he married his wife, Emily A. Essex, in 1922. He continued working at Cavicchi Polishing Machine Co. with his father and brothers until his retirement in the 1980s. Cavicchi died on July 30, 1991, and is buried in the Florida National Cemetery. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
United States Census Bureau
Digital reproduction of original census record by William H. Donahue, May 10, 1940.
An audio recording of "Blue Bossa," composed by Kenny Dorham (1924-1972) and performed by Larry Coryell (b. 1943) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 8, 1999. Coryell is an American jazz fusion guitarist, composer, and one of the pioneers of jazz-rock, a fusion genre that combines elements of blues, rock, country, and bop. Considered by many to be one of the greatest guitarists of all time, Coryell has shared the stage with Miles Davis (1926-1991) and Jimi Hendrix (1942-1970). He has remained active since the 1960s, recording over 100 albums. "Blue Bossa" is a jazz standard that first appeared on the 1963 Joe Henderson album, Page One.
Original 9-minute and 48-second audio recording: Dorham, Kenny. "Blue Bossa," by Larry Coryell: WUCF-FM, Orlando, Florida, June 8, 1999.
WUCF-FM
WUCF-FM, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
Letter from Chris Dorworth to Trish Thompson (June 16, 2011)
A letter from Florida House Representative Chris Dorworth recognizing and congratulating Creative Sanford, Inc. and its then-President Trish Thompson for their work preserving and presenting community history through folk-life plays, specifically Touch and Go. Creative Sanford, Inc. is a non-profit organization created to manage Celery Soup community theater productions. The original idea for the Celery Soup: Florida’s Folk Life Play project came from Jeanine Taylor, the owner of a folk-art gallery on First Street in Sanford, Florida. Their first production was Touch and Go, a play focusing on the people of Sanford and their determination to overcome various obstacles, including the Freeze of 1894-1895, the fall of Sanford's celery industry, and the closing of Naval Air Station (NAS) Sanford in the 1960s. Richard Geer and Jules Corriere, partners from Community Performance International, were in charge of assessing oral histories, converting them into scenes for the play, and writing original songs. Director Geer also used an all-volunteer cast from the local community, many of whom were not experienced actors. In the process of producing the show, Creative Sanford decided to rehabilitate an historic building, the Princess Theater, which is located on 115 West First Street and owned by Stephen Tibstra. The Creative Sanford offices are housed in the Historic Sanford Welcome Center, located at 203 East First Street.
Original letter from Chris Dorworth to Trish Thompson, June 16, 2011: Creative Sanford, Inc., Historic Sanford Welcome Center, Sanford, Florida.
Creative Sanford, Inc., Sanford, Florida
Office of State Representative Chris Dorworth, The Capitol, Tallahassee, Florida
The draft registration card for William Henry Oliver, who enlisted in the United States military for the second time during World War II. The card contains the demographic information for the soldier including name, telephone number, age, place of birth, date of birth, name and address of person who will always know your address, employer's name and address, place of employment, race, height, weight, eye color, hair color, and complexion. The Fourth Registration, often referred to as the "old man's registration", was conducted on April 27, 1942. During the First World War, Oliver served with American Expeditionary Forces in Bordeaux, France. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Digital reproduction of original draft registration card, April 27, 1942.
War Department, Office of Provost Marshal General, Selective Service System
An architectural drawing showing the proposed layout of the Sky Lake Plaza, later named Skyview Plaza and sometimes referred to as the BeeLine Mall. Hymen Lake designed the plaza as regional shopping center, featuring a Publix supermarket and other mixed-goods stores in Sky Lake, a residential community and unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida. Skyview Plaza was constructed in 1964 and is located on the northeast corner of U.S. Route 441 (US 441), also known as Orange Blossom Trail (OBT) and Sand Lake Road. The developers dubbed this area the "Triangle of Success," formed by the City of Orlando, the Martin Company, and McCoy Air Force Base.
Original 19 x 21 inch architectural drawing by Lathrop Douglass, October 4, 1962: Pine Castle Historical Society, Pine Castle, Florida.
Sixteenth Census Population Schedule for Election Precinct 12, Orlando, Ward 1
The Census population schedule for Precinct 12, Orlando, Ward 1 in 1940. Individuals are identified by name, titles and terms, gender, age, marital status, race, relationship to head of household, birthplace, birth year, the last place of residence, and occupation. A notable resident listed in this record was James Whitley (ca. 1924-1944), who appears on row 11. A native of Orange County, Florida, Whitely was a private in the U.S. Army during World War II. He died during his service in France and is currently buried at the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France. Whitley is one of 85 Florida residents interned at Epinal. He was born to John Whitely and Rachel Whitley sometime around the end of 1924. As an African-American, Whitley grew up in segregated Orange County. He was drafted into the Army on February 9, 1943, and was assigned to a segregated unit in the 4255th Quartermaster Truck Company. Whitley's unit transferred to Hampshire, England, on June 30, 1944, where they managed supplies for the invasion of Europe by the Allied Forces. Whitley died during combat in France on September 12, 1944. He was awarded the American Campaign Medal, the World War II Victory Medal, and a Purple Heart for his service.
Digital reproduction of original census record by William S. Duckworth, April 22, 1940.
Bureau of the Census
Lake Monroe (Seminole County and Volusia County, Fla.)
Postcard of people fishing along Lake Monroe in Sanford, Florida. Lake Monroe is a lake that is part of the St. Johns River system in Florida and is also the eighth largest lake in the Orlando metropolitan area. Sanford is located on its northern shore and DeBary and Deltona are located along its northern shore. Two major roadways, State Road 415 and Interstate, run near the lake. Lake Monroe also forms the border of Seminole County and Volusia County.
Original 4 x 6 inch color postcard by Dukane Scenics: Postcard Collection, call number PC5642, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.
State Library and Archives of Florida
Fifteenth Census Population for Summit City, Union County, New Jersey, 1930
The Fifteenth United State census records for New Jersey, Union County, Summit, Ward 1, for 1930. The census divides the population into categories of name, age, sex, race, marital status, occupants and relation to head of house, whether the home is owned or rented, value of home or rent, whether home is a farm residence, and whether the home has a radio. It also reports college attendance, literacy, birthplace and birthplace of parents, citizenship status, language spoken before coming to United States, year of immigration, occupation or business, class of worker, whether they worked the previous day, military status, and the war or expedition participated in. A notable resident listed in this record is David Carl Haberstroh. Born on February 9, 1923, in Summit, New Jersey, Haberstroh was the son of local ophthalmologist Joseph Haberstroh. He enlisted in the United States Army in June of 1942 at the age of 19. After his service ended in July of 1947, Haberstroh, his wife Elizabeth, and his family lived several places before settling down in Venice, Florida, in the 1980s. David Carl Haberstroh is buried in the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Digital reproduction of original census record by Mary Dukes, April 18, 1930.
Thirteenth Census Population for Quincey City, Norfolk County, Massachusetts, 1910
The Thirteenth United States Census records for Norfolk County, Quincey City, Massachusetts, for 1910. The census divides the population by categories of sex, race, age, marital status, number of children, occupation, literacy, whether they owned or rented, farm or house, if they were a Civil War veteran, and whether they were blind, deaf or dumb. A question was added regarding the place of birth and mother tongue of foreign-born persons and their parents. If foreign born, the person was required to provide the year they immigrated, whether they were naturalized and if they were able to speak English. A notable resident listed in this record is Henry Francis Cavicchi (1896-1991). This is the first census that Henry Francis Cavicchi appears in. Born on September 4, 1896 in Quincey, Massachusetts, Cavicchi was a first generation Italian-American. His father moved from Italy to the United States in the 1880s, where he married a Canadian immigrant and settled in New York. Shortly after Henry’s birth, the family moved to Massachusetts. After working for the family business, Cavicchi Polishing Machine Co., Henry briefly joined the United States Navy in June 1918, where he served during the First World War. When he left the Navy in 1919, Cavicchi returned to Massachusetts, where he married his wife, Emily A. Essex, in 1922. He continued working at Cavicchi Polishing Machine Co. with his father and brothers until his retirement in the 1980s. Cavicchi died on July 30, 1991, and is buried in the Florida National Cemetery. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Digital reproduction of original census record by Joseph H. Dunbury, April 19, 1910.
Quincey City, Norfolk County, Massachusetts
Letter from Duncan Macneill Tea Company to Henry Shelton Sanford (July 3, 1879)
A letter from the Duncan Macneill Tea Company to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated July 3, 1879. The letter informed Sanford that Sir William MacKinnon had sent him a chest of Indian tea. The letter noted that MacKinnon had already paid the full costs of the tea, the shipping, and the duty in Belgium. The gesture was presumably meant as a show of gratitude for some service or hospitality previously rendered by Sanford. The Duncan Macneill Tea Company was based in British India. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium.
Original letter from the Duncan Macneill Tea Company to Henry Shelton Sanford, dated July 3, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.11, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
Duncan Macneill Tea Company, London, England, United Kingdom
Telegram from Robert H. Dunlop to Edna P. Hancock (1944)
A telegram from Adjutant General Robert H. Dunlop to Edna P. Hancock. In the telegram, AG Dunlop informs Hancock that her husband, then-Private John B. Hancock (1913-1944), had been returned to duty after being injured in action. Sergeant Hancock was born in Thomasville, Georgia, in 1913, but later migrated to Auburndale, Florida. Hancock managed a Great Atlantic &amp
P) store in Haines City until he enlisted in the 45th Infantry Division's 179th Infantry Regiment. Sgt. Hancock served initially in Africa in 1943, until the 45th Infantry Division's participation in the Allied invasion of Sicily, codenamed Operation Husky. The division then went on to participate in the Allied invasion of Italy, where Sgt. Hancock was injured. He was returned to duty in February of 1944 in southern France. On November 1, 1944, Sgt. Hancock went Missing in Action (MIA) after serving in the Allied invasion of Southern France, codenamed Operation Dragoon. He was eventually buried at Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France.
Photocopy of original 1-page typewritten telegram from Robert H. Dunlop to Edna P. Hancock, 1944: Private Collection of Linda Hughes.
The Bust of Simón Bolívar at Lake Eola in Downtown Orlando, Florida, in 2013. This life-sized, 150-pound bronze bust is set on a polished stone plinth and was erected in March 1996. The monument was donated to the City of Orlando by Rafael Antonio Caldera Rodríguez, the president of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela from 1969 to 1974 and again from 1994 to 1999. The monument honors Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar y Palacios Ponte y Blanco, the founder of Bolivia and the liberator of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Peru. The Bust of Simón Bolívar was the first in a series of sculptures of international heroes that lines International Plaza and Bridge. Bolívar, considered one of the most influential politicians in the history of the Americas, was a major player in Latin America's struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire during the early 19th century. Bolívar was also fundamental in the foundation of Gran Colombia, the first union of independent Hispanic nations, and led as its president from 1819 to 1830.
Original digital color image by Robin Dunn, September 21, 2013.
Bust of Simón Bolívar, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida
Caracas, Metropolitan Region of Caracas, Venezuela
Sky Lake Plaza Paving and Drainage, 1972
An engineering blueprint showing the detail paving plan for the parking lot at Sky Lake Plaza, later named Skyview Plaza and sometimes referred to as the BeeLine Mall. Hymen Lake designed the plaza as regional shopping center, featuring a Publix supermarket and other mixed-goods stores in Sky Lake, a residential community and unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida. Skyview Plaza was constructed in 1964 and is located on the northeast corner of U.S. Route 441 (US 441), also known as Orange Blossom Trail (OBT) and Sand Lake Road. The developers dubbed this area the "Triangle of Success," formed by the City of Orlando, the Martin Company, and McCoy Air Force Base.
Original 36 x 22 inch engineering blueprint by Howard Durden, May 30, 1972: Pine Castle Historical Society, Pine Castle, Florida.
A postcard depicting the exterior of the house of Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896) in Mandarin, Florida, which was also home to several large live oak trees. A famous abolitionist and author of Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly, Stowe spent her winters in Florida beginning in 1867, although she was reportedly not welcomed in the area. This postcard is part of a collection of postcards kept by Lucile Campbell, a schoolteacher in Sanford, Florida, for 30 years. In 1931, she took advantage of a special rate for teachers and sailed to Europe, where she traveled for several months and is thought to have acquired many of these postcards. During the 1940-1941 school year, Campbell taught at Sanford Grammar School. Before her retirement in 1970, she taught at many other area schools, including the Oviedo School, Westside Grammar School, and Pinecrest Elementary School. Campbell used these postcards as aids in her classrooms to teach advanced subjects, such as Shakespearean drama. The collection, along with her other teaching aids, papers, and photographs, was later found at Sanford Grammar School after it became the University of Central Florida's Public History Center. Campbell's postcard collection and photographs provide insight into the life of a respected Florida educator.
Original 3 x 5 inch color postcard by Duval News Company: ACC# SM-00-243, file folder 1 (U.S. blanks), box 10A, Lucile (Mary Lucile) Campbell Collection, UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.
The Watermark, Vol. 8, No. 20, September 27-October 10, 2001
The twentieth issue in the eighth volume of The Watermark was published on September 27, 2001 and came after the tragic events of September 11, 2001. Throughout the issue, many columns focused on the tragedy, highlighting the experiences and reactions of the columnists. A re-printed article was featured from the Washington Blade about some members of the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) community who were lost in the terrorists attacks. Prominent among these individuals was gay public relations executive, Mark Bingham (1970-2001), who was on Flight 93. However, despite the freshness of pain and loss in this issue, there was a concerted effort to focus on some of the more positive events going on in the LGBTQ+ community, such as the 12th Annual Tampa International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival and the Hope &amp
Help Center's Headdress Ball. Also highlighted were occurrences in the international LGBTQ+ community, such as the possibility of the Czech Republic recognizing same-sex partnerships, and a gay Cairo teen sentenced to prison. This issue of The Watermark strikes a balance between hurt and loss with positivity and community while maintaining the paper's unique outlook on all events. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 64-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 8, No. 20, September 27-October 10, 2001: Publications Collection, , Orlando, Florida.
Watermark Media
The Watermark, Vol. 1, No. 3, September 28, 1994
The third issue of The Watermark was published on September 28, 1994 and continued to focus on family-orientated LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) issues. The front page was dedicated to two articles, one about the rapidly increasing gay marriage movement, and the other focusing on National Coming Out Day. The third page included a half page obituary for Charles W. Hummer III, who died of AIDS of September 19, 2016. The paper continued to publish more national stories this time including, New York’s push to include "significant others" on insurance benefits, the limitations put on lesbian mothers in Utah, and a dental discrimination case in Texas. The paper also continues to discuss discrimination in schools that had started in the previous issue. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 24-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 1, No. 3, September 28, 1994: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Hilton Walt Disney World Village, Orlando, Florida
The Watermark, Vol. 2, No. 5, March 8, 1995
The eighth issue of The Watermark was published on March 5, 1995, and focuses on community issues with the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) movement. The main topics discussed in this issue include Olympic athlete Greg Louganis (b. 1960), the incarceration of gay Christian activist Mel White, U.S. Supreme Court case Romer v. Evans, the selection of Michael Slaymaker as the new executive director of the Hope and Help Center of Central Florida, an amendment proposal in Alachua County that would prohibit county commissioners from passing ordinances that would protect civil rights based on sexual orientation, the military's violations of its "Don't ask, don't tell" (DADT) policy, gay adoption, and legal and medical issues related to human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). This issue also includes various advertisements, letters to the editor, film reviews, comics, a travel section, a calendar of events, and personal classifieds. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 32-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 2, No. 5, March 5, 1995: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Hope and Help Center of Central Florida, Winter Park, Florida
The Watermark, Vol. 4, No. 17, August 21-September 3, 1997
The seventeenth issue in the fourth volume of The Watermark was published on August 21, 1997, and featured a broad range of recent developments and interesting stories in the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) community. Topics discussed in this issue include an interview with acclaimed women's tennis champion, Billie Jean King, a look at LGBTQ+ individuals living in Central Florida suburbs, and the new phenomenon of gays and lesbians using America Online (AOL) chatrooms to find friends and partners. This issue also highlights the various responses of certain Christian denominations regarding recent events in the LGBTQ+ community, such as the Southern Baptist call to boycott the Walt Disney Company for its high number of gay and lesbian employees. Throughout the issue are continued reports on AIDS medications, as well as information regarding court cases in the community. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 40-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 4, No. 17, August 21-September 3, 1997: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
The Watermark, Vol. 4, No. 20, October 2-15, 1997
The twentieth issue in the fourth volume of The Watermark was published on October 2, 1997, and covers relevant news in the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) community. The cover story features the discrepancy in Public Broadcasting System (PBS) programming regarding the gay and lesbian television magazine, In the Life. The show was hosted by Katherine Linton and aired in all major Florida cities except Orlando. Other stories include an interview with lesbian author Patricia Nell Warren regarding her latest novel in The Front Runners series, an interview with gay author Ethan Mordden about his latest installment in his "Buddies" series, Some Men Are Lookers, and a collection of anecdotes about LGBTQ+ individuals' first experiences at gay bars. Additionally, this issue provides updates on the decline in new AIDS cases and new breakthroughs in treatment for AIDS. Other topics covered included the court case of a Washington State teen, who had been bullied at school for being gay, and a local theatre production of Life In Other People's Shoes. This issue of The Watermark deals heavily with the concept of gay culture, especially as it is found in mass media, such as literature and television, and its lasting impact on LGBTQ+ individuals. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 56-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 4, No. 20, October 2-15, 1997: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Kent School District, Seattle, Washington
Missing Air Crew Report for Aircraft 44-6126
A page of the Missing Air Crew Report for Aircraft 44-6126 details how the pilot, John Leslie, gave his life so that every man onboard the B-17 could bail from the aircraft after it was shot down. Aircraft 44-6126 was traveling to its bombardment target of Halle, Germany and was subsequently shot down by German Anti-Air installations. The Florida-France Soldiers Stories Project seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work.
Digital reproduction of original missing air crew report.
National Archives and Record Administration
A postcard depicting a scene on Florida Avenue in Lynn Haven, Florida. Business buildings line the dirt road. Early automobiles can be seen parked outside the buildings in the distance. The post office building is immediately to the left. This postcard is part of a private collection kept by Roger Hipel of St. Cloud, Florida.
Original 5 x 3 black and white postcard: Private Collection of Roger Hipel.
Postcard of Methodist Episcopal Church in Lynn Haven, Florida. The church was organized in 1911 and originally led by Rev. R.W. Burdeshaw. On the back of the postcard is a handwritten note addressed to Mrs. Robinson and Mrs. [Sleeth] at 214 N. B. St. in Arkansas City, Kansas. The message reads, "Not having heard from you since our last writing we are hoping you have decided to come to Lynn H. for the winter. [...] awaits you. Sincerly yours, Mrs. Katelyn &amp
[...]". This postcard is part of a private collection kept by Roger Hipel of St. Cloud, Florida.
Lake Lucerne is one of two primary lakes connected with the earliest days of the city of Orlando, Florida. Along with Lake Eola, it defined one of the natural borders of the young town in the 1860s and 1870s. Lake Lucerne sits at the southern end of the Downtown Orlando area. Today Orange Avenue, the main north-south street through the city, crosses the lake on a causeway which nearly divides the lake in half. The East-West Expressway passes directly to the north. The area was one of the first areas developed with houses outside the business district and continues to be one of the jewels of Orlando's park system. The postcard shows two homes, one of which (on the left) is the Dr. Phillips House which was built in 1893 and is currently on the National Register of Historic Places.
Original 5.5 x 3.5 inch color postcard by E. C. Kropp Company: E. C. Kropp Company, Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Private Collection of Thomas Cook.
State Bank of Orlando and Trust Company Postcard
Postcard showing the State Bank of Orlando Building, located at 1 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida. The bank was formed in 1893 with Louis Massey as its president. In 1919, the State Bank converted into the State Bank and Trust Company and also acquired the northeast corner of Orange Avenue and Central Boulevard that year. A. G. Bentley constructed a ten-story building on that lot, designed by W. L. Stoddart in the 20th Century Commercial style with Neo-Classical elements. The building was used by the bank until it closed in 1929. In 1927, the building was acquired by Orange County and served as governmental offices, including the office of the sheriff and supervisor of elections. In 1933, the Florida Bank at Orlando acquired the property. In 2002, it housed the temporary home of Florida Atlantic Metropolitan University's Law School.
Original 3.5 x 5.5 inch color postcard by E. C. Kropp Company: E. C. Kropp Company, Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Private Collection of Thomas Cook.
State Bank of Orlando and Trust Company, Orlando, Florida
Veterans Hospital and Administration Building at Bay Pines Postcard
A postcard depicting the Veterans Hospital and Administration building at night in Bay Pines, Florida. Construction for present-day Buildings 1, 2, and 13, as well as a gatehouse and an employee living quarters, was completed in 1933. Originally called the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, the hospital, along with the domiciliary unit, opened on March 16. As a whole, the site continued to expand in acreage and in the number of buildings over the next several decades. This postcard is part of a collection of postcards kept by Lucile Campbell, a schoolteacher in Sanford, Florida, for 30 years. In 1931, she took advantage of a special rate for teachers and sailed to Europe, where she traveled for several months and is thought to have acquired many of these postcards. During the 1940-1941 school year, Campbell taught at Sanford Grammar School. Before her retirement in 1970, she taught at many other area schools, including the Oviedo School, Westside Grammar School, and Pinecrest Elementary School. Campbell used these postcards as aids in her classrooms to teach advanced subjects, such as Shakespearean drama. The collection, along with her other teaching aids, papers, and photographs, was later found at Sanford Grammar School after it became the University of Central Florida's Public History Center. Campbell's postcard collection and photographs provide insight into the life of a respected Florida educator.
Original 3 x 5 inch color postcard by E. C. Kropp Company: ACC# SM-00-243, file folder 1 (U.S. blanks), box 10A, Lucile (Mary Lucile) Campbell Collection, UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.
Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida
Cathedral of St. John-the-Baptist Postcard
A postcard depicting the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in Charleston, South Carolina, which was built in 1907 on the site of a former cathedral that burned down in 1861. This postcard is part of a collection of postcards kept by Lucile Campbell, a schoolteacher in Sanford, Florida, for 30 years. In 1931, she took advantage of a special rate for teachers and sailed to Europe, where she traveled for several months and is thought to have acquired many of these postcards. During the 1940-1941 school year, Campbell taught at Sanford Grammar School. Before her retirement in 1970, she taught at many other area schools, including the Oviedo School, Westside Grammar School, and Pinecrest Elementary School. Campbell used these postcards as aids in her classrooms to teach advanced subjects, such as Shakespearean drama. The collection, along with her other teaching aids, papers, and photographs, was later found at Sanford Grammar School after it became the University of Central Florida's Public History Center. Campbell's postcard collection and photographs provide insight into the life of a respected Florida educator.
Cathedral of St. John the Baptist, Charleston, South Carolina
A postcard depicting the Sheraton Plaza, located at 600 North Atlantic Avenue in Daytona Beach, Florida. The building was originally constructed as a cottage for Charles Ballough in 1888. In 1895, Ballough partnered with C. C. Post to convert the building into a hotel called Daytona Beach’s Grand Resort. The new Grand Resort opened in 1911. In 1925, the resort hotel became the first on the east coast of Florida to remain open yearlong. During World War II, the hotel was closed down and converted into a barracks for the Women’s Army Corps (WAC). In 1944, the hotel reopened as the Sheraton Plaza. The hotel now operates as the Plaza Resort and Spa.
Original 9 x 14 centimeter color postcard by E. C. Kropp Company: Private Collection of Bob Van Horn.
Personal Check from Edwin G. Eastman to S. B. Hubbard (June 8, 1871)
Sanford, Henry S. (Henry Shelton), 1823-1891
This is a personal check written on June 8, 1871, and addressed from Edwin G. Eastman to S. B. Hubbard in the amount of $238.06. Eastman was an associate of Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891). The two initially met through their mutual service in the U.S. Diplomatic Corps during the American Civil War. Eastman served as an adviser and representative to Sanford for a brief period between 1870 and 1871. Eastman oversaw operations in the what would become Sanford, Florida, beginning in December 1870. He was put in charge by Henry Sanford to ensure the successful management of the sawmill built in 1870, He was also tasked with maintaining the various experimental groves owned by Sanford, first St. Gertrude's Grove and later Belair Grove. The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octavius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).
Original check from Edwin G. Eastman to S. B. Hubbard, June 8, 1871: box 45, folder 1, subfolder 45.1.26, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
Personal Check from Edwin G. Eastman to Jacob Brock (June 4, 1871)
This is a check written on June 4, 1871 and addressed to Jacob Brock from Edwin G. Eastman in the amount of $16.50, likely related to a transaction involving Belair Grove. Eastman was an associate of Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891). The two initially met through their mutual service in the U.S. Diplomatic Corps during the American Civil War. Eastman served as an advisor and representative to Sanford for a brief period between 1870 and 1871. Eastman oversaw operations in the what would become Sanford, Florida, beginning in December 1870. He was put in charge by Henry Sanford to ensure the successful management of the sawmill built in 1870, He was also tasked with maintaining the various experimental groves owned by Sanford, first St. Gertrude's Grove and later Belair Grove. The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).
Original check from Edwin G. Eastman to Jacob Brock, June 4, 1871: box 45, folder 1, subfolder 45.1.21, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
Personal Check from Edwin G. Eastman Paid to Self (June 8, 1871)
This is a check written on June 8, 1871 by Edwin G. Eastman, made payable to himself in the amount of $100.00, likely related to a transaction involving Belair Grove. Eastman was an associate of Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891). The two initially met through their mutual service in the U.S. Diplomatic Corps during the American Civil War. Eastman served as an advisor and representative to Sanford for a brief period between 1870 and 1871. Eastman oversaw operations in the what would become Sanford, Florida, beginning in December 1870. He was put in charge by Henry Sanford to ensure the successful management of the sawmill built in 1870, He was also tasked with maintaining the various experimental groves owned by Sanford, first St. Gertrude's Grove and later Belair Grove. The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).
Original check from Edwin G. Eastman to Self, June 8, 1871: box 45, folder 1, subfolder 45.1.22, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
Personal Check from Edwin G. Eastman to Manuel Medecis (June 8, 1871)
Personal check from Edwin G. Eastman paid to Manuel Medicis in the amount of $100.50 on June 8, 1871, likely related to a transaction involving Belair Grove. Eastman was an associate of Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891). The two initially met through their mutual service in the U.S. Diplomatic Corps during the American Civil War. Eastman served as an advisor and representative to Sanford for a brief period between 1870 and 1871. Eastman oversaw operations in the what would become Sanford, Florida, beginning in December 1870. He was put in charge by Henry Sanford to ensure the successful management of the sawmill built in 1870, He was also tasked with maintaining the various experimental groves owned by Sanford, first St. Gertrude's Grove and later Belair Grove. The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).
Original check from Edwin G. Eastman to Manuel Medecis, June 8, 1871: box 45, folder 1, Subfolder 45.1.23, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
Personal Check from Edwin G. Eastman to G. W. Twain (June 8, 1871)
Personal check from Edwin G. Eastman paid to G. W. Twain in the amount of $6.30 on June 8, 1871, likely related to a transaction involving Belair Grove. Eastman was an associate of Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891). The two initially met through their mutual service in the U.S. Diplomatic Corps during the American Civil War. Eastman served as an advisor and representative to Sanford for a brief period between 1870 and 1871. Eastman oversaw operations in the what would become Sanford, Florida, beginning in December 1870. He was put in charge by Henry Sanford to ensure the successful management of the sawmill built in 1870, He was also tasked with maintaining the various experimental groves owned by Sanford, first St. Gertrude's Grove and later Belair Grove. The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).
Original check from Edwin G. Eastman to G. W. Twain, : box 45, folder 1, subfolder 45.1.24, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
This is a check written on June 8, 1871 by Edwin G. Eastman, made payable to himself in the amount of $80.00, likely related to a transaction involving Belair Grove. Eastman was an associate of Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891). The two initially met through their mutual service in the U.S. Diplomatic Corps during the American Civil War. Eastman served as an advisor and representative to Sanford for a brief period between 1870 and 1871. Eastman oversaw operations in the what would become Sanford, Florida, beginning in December 1870. He was put in charge by Henry Sanford to ensure the successful management of the sawmill built in 1870, He was also tasked with maintaining the various experimental groves owned by Sanford, first St. Gertrude's Grove and later Belair Grove. The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).
Original check from Edwin G. Eastman, June 8, 1871: box 45, folder 1, subfolder 45.1.25, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
Personal Check from Edwin G. Eastman Paid to Self (May 23, 1871)
This is a personal check written on May 23, 1871 by Edwin G. Eastman and paid to self in the amount of $168.87. Eastman was an associate of Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891). The two initially met through their mutual service in the U.S. Diplomatic Corps during the American Civil War. Eastman served as an advisor and representative to Sanford for a brief period between 1870 and 1871. Eastman oversaw operations in the what would become Sanford, Florida, beginning in December 1870. He was put in charge by Henry Sanford to ensure the successful management of the sawmill built in 1870, He was also tasked with maintaining the various experimental groves owned by Sanford, first St. Gertrude's Grove and later Belair Grove. The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).
Original check from Edwin G. Eastman, May 23, 1871: box 45, folder 1, subfolder 45.1.27, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
Personal Check from Edwin G. Eastman to Jacob Brock (June 6, 1871)
This is a personal check written on June 6, 1871 and addressed from Edwin G. Eastman to Jacob Brock in the amount of $16. Eastman was an associate of Henry Shelton Sanford. The two initially met through their mutual service in the U.S. Diplomatic Corps during the American Civil War. Eastman served as an advisor and representative to Sanford for a brief period between 1870 and 1871. Eastman oversaw operations in the what would become Sanford, Florida, beginning in December 1870. He was put in charge by Henry Sanford to ensure the successful management of the sawmill built in 1870, He was also tasked with maintaining the various experimental groves owned by Sanford, first St. Gertrude's Grove and later Belair Grove. The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).
Original check from Edwin G. Eastman to Jacob Brock, June 6, 1871: box 45, folder 1, subfolder 45.1.28, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
Edwin G. Eastman Financial Transaction on Behalf of Henry S. Sanford (April 22, 1871)
This is a financial transaction written by Edwin G. Eastman for the company Fraser and Dice. It is presumably a makeshift personal check, written on ordinary writing paper. The written note requests that an amount of $1,000 be charged to the account of Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) to pay Fraser and Dice for unspecified services. Eastman was an associate of Sanford. The two initially met through their mutual service in the U.S. Diplomatic Corps during the American Civil War. Eastman served as an advisor and representative to Sanford for a brief period between 1870 and 1871. Eastman oversaw operations in the what would become Sanford, Florida, beginning in December 1870. He was put in charge by Henry Sanford to ensure the successful management of the sawmill built in 1870, He was also tasked with maintaining the various experimental groves owned by Sanford, first St. Gertrude's Grove and later Belair Grove. The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).
Original transaction: box 45, folder 1, subfolder 45.1.29, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
Glass jars containing white roses are lined up in Don Dudley Park in Orlando, Florida. The jars would be filled with soil samples to commemorate victims of lynching. Although Julius "July" Perry was not lynched in the park, the location was chosen based on the account that it occurred in an area overlooking Lake Concord in view of Judge Cheney's home. The Alliance for Truth and Justice (ATJ) is a volunteer-based organization that engages with the community to promote education concerning the truth of local history and to advocate justice for those who have been harmed by inequities born of prejudice. ATJ builds on the work of Montgomery-based Equal Justice Initiative as well as the local efforts of Democracy Forum, the West Orange Reconciliation Task Force, and the Ocoee Human Relations Diversity Board. This project is rooted in acknowledging the 1920 Election Day Massacre in Orange County and all of the violence committed in the name of white supremacy. Their mission statement says that they are "working to create a more hopeful, collaborative, and just society for every person in Orange County, Florida."
Original color photographs by Phelan M. Ebenhack: Alliance for Truth and Justice, Orange County, Florida.
Tremaine Quinton Berryhill digs soil in Don Dudley Park in Orlando, Florida, on October 8, 2018, to commemorate Orange County lynching victims. Although Julius "July" Perry was not lynched in the park, the location was chosen based on the account that it occurred in an area overlooking Lake Concord in view of Judge Cheney's home. The Alliance for Truth and Justice (ATJ) is a volunteer-based organization that engages with the community to promote education concerning the truth of local history and to advocate justice for those who have been harmed by inequities born of prejudice. ATJ builds on the work of Montgomery-based Equal Justice Initiative as well as the local efforts of Democracy Forum, the West Orange Reconciliation Task Force, and the Ocoee Human Relations Diversity Board. This project is rooted in acknowledging the 1920 Election Day Massacre in Orange County and all of the violence committed in the name of white supremacy. Their mission statement says that they are "working to create a more hopeful, collaborative, and just society for every person in Orange County, Florida."
Sandy Cawthern, Jeanine Taylor, Joy Wallace Dickinson, Francina Boykin, Charley Williams and Harry Coverston
Sandy Cawthern, Jeanine Taylor, Joy Wallace Dickinson, Francina Boykin, Charley Williams and Harry Coverston gather soil samples from Don Dudley Park in Orlando, Florida, on October 8, 2018, and place them into glass jars to commemorate Orange County lynching victims. Although Julius "July" Perry was not lynched in the park, the location was chosen based on the account that it occurred in an area overlooking Lake Concord in view of Judge Cheney's home. The Alliance for Truth and Justice (ATJ) is a volunteer-based organization that engages with the community to promote education concerning the truth of local history and to advocate justice for those who have been harmed by inequities born of prejudice. ATJ builds on the work of Montgomery-based Equal Justice Initiative as well as the local efforts of Democracy Forum, the West Orange Reconciliation Task Force, and the Ocoee Human Relations Diversity Board. This project is rooted in acknowledging the 1920 Election Day Massacre in Orange County and all of the violence committed in the name of white supremacy. Their mission statement says that they are "working to create a more hopeful, collaborative, and just society for every person in Orange County, Florida."
Josie Lemon Allen places soil samples from Don Dudley Park in Orlando, Florida, on October 8, 2018, into glass jars to commemorate Orange County lynching victims. Although Julius "July" Perry was not lynched in the park, the location was chosen based on the account that it occurred in an area overlooking Lake Concord in view of Judge Cheney's home. The Alliance for Truth and Justice (ATJ) is a volunteer-based organization that engages with the community to promote education concerning the truth of local history and to advocate justice for those who have been harmed by inequities born of prejudice. ATJ builds on the work of Montgomery-based Equal Justice Initiative as well as the local efforts of Democracy Forum, the West Orange Reconciliation Task Force, and the Ocoee Human Relations Diversity Board. This project is rooted in acknowledging the 1920 Election Day Massacre in Orange County and all of the violence committed in the name of white supremacy. Their mission statement says that they are "working to create a more hopeful, collaborative, and just society for every person in Orange County, Florida."
Mount Dora Train Station Historic Marker
The U.S. National Register of Historic Places plaque at the Mount Dora Train Station, located at 341 North Alexander Street in Mount Dora, Florida, in 2007. 1886 was when the first railroad stopped in Mount Dora, connecting Jacksonville to Tampa. The Mount Dora Depot cost $8,223 to build. The last passenger train left Mount Dora in 1950 and freight was discontinued in 1973. On March 5, 1992, the station was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
Original color digital image by Ebyabe, May 20, 2007.
Mount Dora Train Station, Mount Dora, Florida
Church Street Station, located at 127 West Church Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida, in 2007. The station was first constructed in 1880 connecting Orlando to Sanford. After the railroad was bought up by the Plant System in 1883 from the South Florida Railroad it was extended to Tampa. This brought a large boom to Orlando's economy shipping cattle and lumber, but chiefly citrus. By 1926, the depot was becoming too small for the volume of trade going through, so the depot was moved south to what is today the Amtrak Station. The depot became run down until the mid-1970s when Church Street Station opened up around the depot and stayed open until the early 2000s. Now the station is used as a stop along the Sunrail Tram system.
Original color digital image by Ebyabe, April 21, 2007.
Church Street Station, Downtown Orlando, Florida
An oral history interview of Jeannie Economos, the Pesticide Safety and Environmental Health Project Coordinator at the Farmworker Association of Florida (FAF), who also worked as Lake Apopka Project Coordinator for the FAF, as well as for non-profit organizations such as the Audubon Society and Save the Manatee Club. The interview was conducted by Jared Muha at the FAF in Apopka on December 10, 2014. Topics discussed in the interview include a summary of her career, the Lake Apopka Project versus the Lake Apopka Restoration Act of 1996, the Farmworker Association of Florida, pesticide health and safety, common environmental challenges facing farmworkers, the necessity of farmworkers, the evolution of farmworkers, African-American farmworkers in Apopka, the shutdown of Lake Apopka, effects of the shutdown on African-American farmworkers, the influx of Hispanic farmworkers, and the future of farm labor in the United States.
Economos, Jeannie. Interviewed by Jared Muha, December 10, 2014. Audio record available. RICHES, Orlando, Florida.
Farmworker Association of Florida, Apopka, Florida
Map of the Air Service Production Center #2 at the Romorantin Aerodrome
A schematic map of the Air Service Production Center #2 at the Romorantin Aerodrome. The Aerodrome is located about sixty miles south of the city of Orleans in France’s Loire River valley. John Conaway (1892-1955) and his unit, the 803rd Aero Squadron (Repair), were stationed here during World War I, where they assembled, maintained, and supported aircraft operations. This facility is still in operation today as the Romorantin-Pruniers Air Detachment (DA 273) and supports the French Air Force. A notable crewmember was John Martin Conaway (1892-1955). Conaway was born on September 30, 1892, in Wellsburg, West Virginia. He was the middle of three children born to Glenn and Eliza Conaway. When John was four years old, his mother Eliza passed away. Glenn then married Lenora Cusick. John gained two half-siblings from this marriage. At eight years old, John lost his father and the family split up. By the time he was eighteen, John lived in Michigan. When the United States entered World War I, John enlisted in the Army Air Service. Before deploying, he married Catherine Jeffrey. He served in France with the 803rd Aero Squadron (Repair). John received an honorable discharge in January of 1919. In January of 1920, John re-enlisted into the Army Air Service and rejoined his old unit. He received a second honorable discharge in December of 1921. By 1924, John and Catherine had divorced. John then married Rhoda Spicket. Their son, William, was born in 1925. When the United States entered World War II, John registered for the Old Man’s Draft. In February of 1950, John and Rhoda divorced. John then married Gloria Shields later that year. In 1952, the couple moved to St. Petersburg, Florida. John passed away in 1955 and is interred in the Bay Pine National Cemetery. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for K-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Digital reproduction of original schematic map of Air Service Production Center #2 at the Romorantin Aerodrome.
National Archives and Records Service, Washington D. C.
The draft registration card for Bert Collier Davison (1892-1945). The card contains the demographic information for the soldier including name, age, home address, date of birth, place of birth, race, citizenship, trade or occupation, number of dependents, whether tall, medium, or short, slender, medium, or stout, eye and hair color, whether bald, and disabilities. World War I draft registration cards were completed by approximately 24 million men living in the U.S. in 1917 and 1918. Goins registered for the draft on June 5, 1917. Bert Collier Davison was born on July 28, 1890, in Atlanta, Georgia, to Anna Davison and Robert Davison. At the age of nineteen, Davison started a career in pharmaceutical sales. He registered for the draft on June 5, 1917, and was inducted into the United States Army on June 26, 1918. He left from France aboard the USS Zeelandia on September 8, 1917, and was assigned to the Administrative Labor Army Service Corps of the Quartermaster Corps. Near the end of the war, he earned a promotion to Corporal on October 1, 1918. Davison was tasked to stay with the Third Army during the occupation of the Rhineland after the war officially ended and did not depart from Europe until October 19, 1919. The work he did during the occupation earned Davison a promotion to Sergeant on May 20, 1919. He was honorably discharged on November 5, 1919. After returning home, Davison continued his work in pharmaceutical sales at Budd’s Pharmacy in St. Petersburg, Florida. He opened his own pharmacy in 1926. In April of the same year, Davison married Johanna Horstmann, a German woman. In August 1929, Davison shifted trades from pharmaceuticals to tires when he became the manager of a Firestone tire store and filling station. In 1930, Davison moved from Firestone to Goodrich tires. He had major surgery at the Mound Park Hospital in St. Petersburg in July 1930, followed by six weeks of recovery. Ultimately, his health issues would cause him to retire early at the age of forty-seven in early 1940. Davison died in 1945 from what his wife called “a long illness.” In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for K-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Digital reproduction of original draft registration card by Edward Allen, June 5, 1917.
Sixteenth Census Population for Richmond City, Queens County, New York, 1940
The Sixteenth Unites States Census records for Richmond City, New York, Queens Borough, New York, in 1940. The census divides the population by name, age, sex, race, marital status, residence, home owned or rented, value of home or monthly rent, whether living on a farm, other residents of same address, relation to head of house, attended school or college after March 1940, highest grade completed, state or foreign country of birth, employment status, hours of work per week, duration of employment, and wages. Supplemental questions include the father and mother's birthplace, language spoken in home during childhood, veteran status, father's veteran status, social security, usual occupation and industry, class of worker, if women have been married more than once, age at first marriage if so, and number of children born. A notable resident in this record is John Marcel Andres (1926-1996). Andres was born in Paris, France, on August 9, 1926. After immigrating to Queens, New York with his parents, Andes enlisted in the United States Navy at the age of seventeen, with his parents’ permission. After his training, he received his assignment aboard the USS Beaverhead on January 3, 1945. The ship served in the Pacific until March 8, 1946. Initially starting as a Fireman Second Class (F2c), by the time of the ships decommissioning, Andres held the rank of Motor Machinist’s Mate Third Class (MOMM3). After the war, Andres returned to New York, marrying Joan Marguerite Keast having one son Jack and two daughters, Yvonne and Susette. He worked as an electrical engineer for Burroughs Corporation, one of the innovators in early computing technology. In 1988, he and his family moved from Elmont, New York, to New Port Richey, Florida. On May 12, 1996, Andres died at the age of sixty-nine. He is buried in the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Digital reproduction of original census record by Beatrice B. Edwards, April 16, 1940.
An oral history interview of Sharon Ekern, who served in the U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) from 1981 to1990 and now works at the University of Central Florida (UCF) with the Student Development and Enrollment Service. This interview was conducted by Roy McKinney at UCF on November 13, 2014. Interview topics include Ekern's family life, her education, enlistment in the Marines, boot camp, advanced training, her first duty station, the San Diego Recruit Depot, Parris Island, the Cold War, being assigned to Orlando, serving as a female Marine, the Tailhook Scandal, Camp Smith, her awards and medals, life after service, her employment at UCF, and being an expert markswoman.
Ekern, Sharon L. Interviewed by Roy McKinney. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, RICHES of Central Florida, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, Jacksonville, North Carolina
Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego, San Diego, California
Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island, Port Royal, South Carolina
University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
Sanford High School Penmanship Assignment, 1906
A penmanship assignment completed by Sanford High School fifth grader Nellie Elder in 1906. This particular assignment was created to test Miss McRae's students' penmanship skills. Sanford High School was originally established at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on Sanford Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. In 1984, the building was placed on the National Registry of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. The building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012. In 1927, a high school campus was designed by Elton J. Moughton in the Mediterranean revival style and constructed at 1700 French Avenue. The school reopened on January 10 and was renamed Seminole High School. In 1960, the high school moved to a new campus at 2701 Ridgewood Avenue and the former building on French Avenue was converted to Sanford Junior High School, which was later renamed Sanford Middle School. The old building was demolished in the summer of 1991 and replaced by a $5.77 million school complex. As of 2013, Seminole High School offers various Advanced Placement courses, the Academy for Health Careers, and the International Baccalaureate Programme for students.
Original school assignment completed by Nellie Elder, May 16, 1905: Sanford High School Collection, box 3A, folder Student Work 1905, item SCPS00504, UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.
"Do Nothin' Till You Hear From Me" by Terry Myers
An audio recording of "Do Nothing till You Hear from Me," composed by Duke Ellington (1899-1974), and performed by Terry Myers live on-air on WUCF-FM on August 14, 2006. Myers is a reed player from Iowa who developed a successful career in Nashville, Tennessee, and New York before moving to Central Florida, where he became a band leader at Walt Disney World's Epcot theme park and the band leader at Rosie O'Grady's Good Time Jazz Emporium at Church Street Station in Orlando. Myers has played at jazz festivals across the United States, Europe, and Asia, and is currently the director of the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. "Do Nothin' Till You Hear From Me" was composed by Ellington in 1940 and lyrics were later added by Bob Russell (1914-1970). It was recorded by Ellington in 1944, reaching number one in the rhythm and blues charts.
Original 6-minute and 15-second audio recording: Ellington, Duke and Bob Russell. "Do Nothing Til You Hear From Me," by Terry Myers: WUCF-FM, Orlando, Florida, August 14, 2006.
A newspaper article by Ruby Haskins Ellis, published in The Evening Star on March 21, 1935. The article chronicles the genealogy of the Coe surname, which likely dates back to John Coo I (b. 1340) in Essex, England. According to the article, Coo joined Sir John Hawkwood in his military campaigns in Italy. The Coe family of New England was established by Robert Coe (b.1596), eighth in descent from Coo. A clothmaker, Robert Coe joined the Puritans on the ship Francis during the Puritan emigration from England in 1634. First landing in Watertown, Massachusetts, Coe migrated to Wethersfield, Connecticut, the following year, and later to Long Island, New York, where he founded the town of Jamaica in 1658. Famous Coes in Florida include William Henry Coe (1824-1879), the founder of Glencoe, and his son, Captain Charles Henry Coe (1856-1954), author of Red Patriots: The Story of the Seminoles (1898).
Original newspaper article: Ellis, Ruby Haskins. "Who Are You?: The Romance of Your Name." The Evening Star, March 21, 1935: Private Collection of Andrew M. Foster.
Boxford, Suffolk, England, United Kingdom
Jamaica, Queens, New York City, New York
Fifteenth Census Population for Fairfield, Somerset County, Maine, 1930
The Fifteenth United States census records for Fairfield, Somerset County, Maine, for 1930. The census divides the population into categories of name, age, sex, race, marital status, occupants and relation to head of house, whether the home is owned or rented, value of home or rent, whether home is a farm residence, whether the home has a radio. It also records college attendance, literacy, birthplace and birthplace of parents, citizenship status, language spoken before coming to United States, year of immigration, occupation or business, class of worker, whether they worked the previous day, military status, and the war or expedition participated in. A notable resident listed in the record is Elmer B. Denico Jr. (1928-2002). Denico Jr. was born on February 17, 1928, in Fairfield, Maine, to Elmer B. Denico and Ezilda (Ezelda) Denico. He joined the United States Marine Corps on January 28, 1948. He served for nearly twenty years, retiring in 1967, after serving in both the Korean and Vietnam Wars. When he retired, he had reached the rank of Staff Sergeant. He passed away in Polk City, Florida, on March 29, 2002, and is memorialized in Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Digital reproduction of original census record by Erlan B. Emerly, 1930.
Telegram from Lew Emmerich to Dr. Cal Fowler (May 15, 1963)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.)
Dr. Cal Fowler (1929-2013) received this congratulatory telegram from Lew Emmerich, a General Dynamics Program Director based out of San Diego, California. Emmerich was involved in America's space program from Project Mercury to Project Apollo, and was described in his obituary as a "Pioneer of America's Space Program."
Original telegram from Lew Emmerich to Dr. Calvin "Cal" Fowler, May 15, 1963): Private Collection of Dr. Calvin D. Fowler.
Chronopoints
General Dynamics/Aeronautics, San Diego, California
Home of Dr. Calvin D. Fowler, Cocoa, Florida
Sanford High School Geography School Assignment, 1909
A geography assignment completed by Sanford High School student B. Emmrich in 1909. Sanford High School was originally established at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on Sanford Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. In 1984, the building was placed on the National Registry of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. The building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012. In 1927, a high school campus was designed by Elton J. Moughton in the Mediterranean revival style and constructed at 1700 French Avenue. The school reopened on January 10 and was renamed Seminole High School. In 1960, the high school moved to a new campus at 2701 Ridgewood Avenue and the former building on French Avenue was converted to Sanford Junior High School, which was later renamed Sanford Middle School. The old building was demolished in the summer of 1991 and replaced by a $5.77 million school complex. As of 2013, Seminole High School offers various Advanced Placement courses, the Academy for Health Careers, and the International Baccalaureate Programme for students.
Original school assignment completed by B. Emmrich, 1909: Sanford High School Collection, box 3A, folder Student Work 1909, item SCPS00518, UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.
The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida
The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida, an exhibit created by Dr. Robert Cassanello and his students at the University of Central Florida. The exhibit chronicles both national and local events in the civil rights movements dating from the Civil War to the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. Curators for the exhibit were Joseph Corbett and Anne Ladyem McDiviitt. Assistant curators included Patrick Anderson, Laura Cepero, Jennifer Cook, Tanya Engelhardt, Jacob Flynn, William Franklin, Barbara Houser, Rustin Lloyd, Joshua Petitt, Lindsey Turnbull, and Jon Wolfe. Andrew Callovi was the graphic designer.
Original exhibit by Robert Cassanello's Spring 2011 Historiography Graduate Class: University of Central Florida Department of History, Orlando, Florida.
University of Central Florida Department of History
Florida Photographic Collection
Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture
Harry T. &amp
Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc.
An oral history interview of Marc Ennis, who joined the U.S. Navy in December of 1990 and attended Recruit Training Center Orlando (RTC Orlando) for boot camp at age 17. After boot camp, he attended Electronic Warfare training at Corry Station Naval Technical Training Center in Pensacola, Florida, and reported to his first ship, USS Gunston Hall, at Little Creek, Virginia. After three and a half years, Ennis trained at aircrew school in Pensacola and then Millington, Tennessee, to become an Aviation Warfare Sensor Operator and rescue swimmer for Sikorsky SH-60/MH-60 Seahawk helicopters. He also joined the fleet replacement squadron aircrew for Helicopter Squadron 1 in Jacksonville, and then reported to his first fleet squadron, Helicopter Squadron 5 (HS-5), also in Jacksonville. After completing his service for HS-5, Ennis reported to the helicopter wing as an instructor. After three years instructing, he transferred to Naval Air Facility Atsugi in Yamato and Ayase, Japan, for sea duty with Helicopter Squadron 14. This interview was conducted by Kendra Hazen and includes topics such as Ennis' background and family, RTC Orlando, his Navy life after training, Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division (NAWCTSD), and the simulation industry in Central Florida.
Ennis, Marc. Interviewed by Kendra Hazen, February 22, 2014. Audio/video record available. Item DP0014894, UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.
Recruit Training Center, Orlando, Florida
Corry Station Naval Technical Training Center, Pensacola, Florida
Naval Air Facility Atsugi, Yamato-Ayase, Japan
Henry Sanford's Daughter at Belair Grove
Gertrude Sanford, the daughter of Henry Shelton Sanford, at Belair Grove in 1891. Henry Sanford made his last trip to Belair Grove during the winter of 1890-1891. Most of Sanford's visit was spent in Charles Armory's vacation home because of his poor health. This photograph and several others were taken of Sanford and his family to commemorate his last visit to Belair Grove. Sanford along with his wife and daughter left Florida in mid-May. Just days later Sanford died on May 21, 1891, in Healing Springs, Virginia. In 1870, Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,547.15 square acres of land, known as the Sanford Grant. The acreage included an experiment station called Belair Grove, located just three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. By 1889, Sanford extended his land purchase to 145 acres and contained mainly orange and lemon trees. In Belair alone, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could introduce new varieties into the growing citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Sanford, handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney and Joshua Chase.
Original black and white photograph by Ensminger Bros., 1891: Chase Collection (MS 14), box 211, folder 3.3A, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Gertrude Dupuy Sanford, the wife of Henry Shelton Sanford, at Belair Grove in 1891. The royal palm in the photograph survived the Freeze of 1886, but died in the Freeze of 1894-1895. Henry Sanford made his last trip to Belair Grove during the winter of 1890-1891. Most of Sanford's visit was spent in Charles Armory's vacation home because of his poor health. This photograph and several others were taken of Sanford and his family to commemorate his last visit to Belair Grove. Sanford along with his wife and daughter left Florida in mid-May. Just days later Sanford died on May 21, 1891, in Healing Springs, Virginia. In 1870, Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,547.15 square acres of land, known as the Sanford Grant. The acreage included an experiment station called Belair Grove, located just three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. By 1889, Sanford extended his land purchase to 145 acres and contained mainly orange and lemon trees. In Belair alone, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could introduce new varieties into the growing citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Sanford, handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney and Joshua Chase.
Original black and white photograph by Ensminger Bros., 1891: Chase Collection (MS 14), box 211, folder 3.3A, item CC90, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Belair Grove after the Great Freeze of 1885-1886. Henry Sanford made his last trip to Belair Grove during the winter of 1890-1891. Most of Sanford's visit was spent in Charles Armory's vacation home because of his poor health. This photograph and several others were taken of Sanford and his family to commemorate his last visit to Belair Grove. Sanford along with his wife and daughter left Florida in mid-May. Just days later Sanford died on May 21, 1891, in Healing Springs, Virginia. In 1870, Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,547.15 square acres of land, known as the Sanford Grant. The acreage included an experiment station called Belair Grove, located just three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. By 1889, Sanford extended his land purchase to 145 acres and contained mainly orange and lemon trees. In Belair alone, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could introduce new varieties into the growing citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Sanford, handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney and Joshua Chase.
Original black and white photograph by Ensminger Bros., January 10, 1886: Chase Collection (MS 14), box 211, folder 3.3A, item CC84, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Southeast Corner of Belair Grove Looking Northwest
Belair Grove in 1897. In 1870, Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,547.15 square acres of land known as the Sanford Grant. The acreage included an experiment station called Belair Grove, located just three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. By 1889, Sanford extended his land purchase to 145 acres and contained mainly orange and lemon trees. In Belair alone, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could introduce new varieties into the growing citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Sanford, sold Belair to Sydney and Joshua Chase. In 1894 and 1895, Central Florida was hit by several freezes and most of the citrus crop was destroyed. In many cases, frozen oranges fell off the trees because the weakened branches could not support the heavier fruit. Chase & Company did not grow citrus crops again until 1904 when Joshua came back from an extended stay in California.
Original black and white photograph by Ensminger Bros., October 28, 1897: Chase Collection (MS 14), box 211, folder 3.3CB, item CC87, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Southeast Corner of Belair Grove Looking North
Young trees at Belair Grove in 1897. In 1870, Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,547.15 square acres of land known as the Sanford Grant. The acreage included an experiment station called Belair Grove, located just three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. By 1889, Sanford extended his land purchase to 145 acres and contained mainly orange and lemon trees. In Belair alone, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could introduce new varieties into the growing citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Sanford, sold Belair to Sydney and Joshua Chase. In 1894 and 1895, Central Florida was hit by several freezes and most of the citrus crop was destroyed. In many cases, frozen oranges fell off the trees because the weakened branches could not support the heavier fruit. Chase & Company did not grow citrus crops again until 1904 when Joshua came back from an extended stay in California.
Original black and white photograph by Ensminger Bros., October 28, 1897: Chase Collection (MS 14), box 211, folder 3.3B, item CC88, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Henry S. Sanford with and his wife, Gertrude Dupuy Sanford, and daughter, Gertrude Sanford, at Belfair Grove in 1891. In 1870, Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 23 square acres of land known as the Sanford Grant. The acreage included an experiment station called Belair located just three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. By 1889, Sanford extended his land purchase to 145 acres and contained mainly orange and lemon trees. In Belair alone, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could introduce new varieties into the growing citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. He made his last trip to Belair Grove during the winter of 1890-1891. Most of Sanford's visit was spent in Charles Armory's vacation home because of his poor health. This photograph and several others were taken of Sanford and his family to commemorate his last visit to Belair Grove. Sanford, along with his wife and daughter, left Florida in mid-May. Just days later, Sanford died on May 21, 1891, in Healing Springs, Virginia. Gertrude sold the property to the Chase Brothers shortly after her husband's death.
Original black and white photograph by Ensminger Bros., 1891: Chase Collection (MS 14), box 211, folder 3.3B, item CC91, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Gertrude Sanford Picking Oranges at Belair Grove
Henry Shelton Sanford's daughter, Gertrude Sanford, at Belair Grove in 1891. In 1870, Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 23 square acres of land known as the Sanford Grant. The acreage included an experiment station called Belair located just three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. By 1889, Sanford extended his land purchase to 145 acres and contained mainly orange and lemon trees. In Belair alone, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could introduce new varieties into the growing citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. He made his last trip to Belair Grove during the winter of 1890-1891. Most of Sanford's visit was spent in Charles Armory's vacation home because of his poor health. This photograph and several others were taken of Sanford and his family to commemorate his last visit to Belair Grove. Sanford, along with his wife and daughter, left Florida in mid-May. Just days later, Sanford died on May 21, 1891, in Healing Springs, Virginia. Gertrude sold the property to the Chase Brothers shortly after her husband's death.
Original black and white photograph by Ensminger Bros., 1891: Chase Collection (MS 14), box 211, folder 3.3B, item CC93, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Plant System Hospital No. 1 in 1872. The Lake Monroe and Orlando Railroad was organized in 1875. The charter planned to construct a railroad from the St. Johns River port in Sanford south to Orlando. On October 16, 1878, the South Florida Railroad was incorporated, but did not receive a charter until December 9, 1879, when it gained control over the Lake Monroe and Orlando Railroad charter. The first train on the new railroad ran between Sanford and Orlando on November 11, 1880. Henry B. Plant (1819-1889) and his Plant System purchased three-fifths of the South Florida Railroad stock on May 4, 1883. Plant standardized the track sizes, stations, and equipment of the existing railroads and began laying tracks towards Tampa, whose railroad station opened on December 10, 1883. In 1893, the Savannah, Florida and Western Railway, which was also a part of the Plant System, acquired the South Florida Railroad. The Atlantic Coast Line (ACL) Railroad Company acquired the entire Plant System in 1902. In 1967, the ACL merged with the Seaboard Coast Line (SCL) Railroad, which is now operated by CSX. By the mid-1880s, Sanford, Florida had become a major distribution center due to the city's strategic location along Lake Monroe and the St. Johns River. The other major hub for the Plant System of railways was located in Waycross, Georgia. Both towns benefited from the building of a Plant System Hospital that served Plant’s employees and the community. The Plant System Hospital #1 was Sanford’s first hospital. It was later moved to Waycross.
Original 8.5 inch x 5.25 inch black and white photograph by the Ensminger Brothers, 1892: Vincent Collection, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
A railroad station in the Plant System in 1872. The Lake Monroe and Orlando Railroad was organized in 1875. The charter planned to construct a railroad from the St. Johns River port in Sanford south to Orlando. On October 16, 1878, the South Florida Railroad was incorporated, but did not receive a charter until December 9, 1879, when it gained control over the Lake Monroe and Orlando Railroad charter. The first train on the new railroad ran between Sanford and Orlando on November 11, 1880. Henry B. Plant (1819-1889) and his Plant System purchased three-fifths of the South Florida Railroad stock on May 4, 1883. Plant standardized the track sizes, stations, and equipment of the existing railroads and began laying tracks towards Tampa, whose railroad station opened on December 10, 1883. In 1893, the Savannah, Florida and Western Railway, which was also a part of the Plant System, acquired the South Florida Railroad. The Atlantic Coast Line (ACL) Railroad Company acquired the entire Plant System in 1902. In 1967, the ACL merged with the Seaboard Coast Line (SCL) Railroad, which is now operated by CSX. By the mid-1880s, Sanford, Florida had become a major distribution center due to the city's strategic location along Lake Monroe and the St. Johns River.
The wharf in Lake Monroe in the 1890s. Lake Monroe is a lake that is part of the St. Johns River system in Florida and is also the eigth largest lake in the Orlando metropolitan area. Sanford is located on its northern shore and DeBary and Deltona are located along its northern shore. Two major roadways, State Road 415 and Interstate 4, run near the lake. Lake Monroe also formes the border of Seminole County and Volusia County.
Original 6 x 10 inch black and white photoprint by Ensminger Brothers Photography: Reference Collection, call number RC12561, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.
The DeForest Grove, sometime between 1895 and 1905, in Sanford, Florida. Henry L. DeForest (1857-1902) was born in Derby, Connecticut, and knew Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) since childhood. In 1870, DeForest came to Florida seeking better health in the warmer climate. He became Sanford's agent and helped carry out the work of establishing Sanford. He managed the contracted workers for Sanford's groves, especially the contracted Swedes that Sanford brought over in 1871. By the 1880s, he had married Anna M. Sperry, also from Derby, and had become an established businessman and grove owner in Sanford. He built his general store in 1887, which was the second oldest brick building in Downtown Sanford. His general store was the building where the historic September 1887 fire stopped. DeForest built other commercial buildings in downtown. His home, known as "The Palms," was located at 105 Aldean Drive and still stands today.
Original 7.25 x 4.25 inch black and white photograph: Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
This portrait is of Jefferson Clay Ensminger's daughter, Carrie Ensminger, at an unspecified time. Carrie Ensminger was born in 1882 and attended school at the Little Red School House in 1893. She would later become a teacher at Sanford Grammar School, and is listed on the teacher's roster in 1910.
Reproduction of glass plate negative by Jefferson Clay Ensminger: Photographic Collection, box 3, folder Ensminger, General Collection, UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.
This photograph is a portrait of a young man in his early teens, wearing a suit, popular in style of the early 1900's. A note on the back of the photograph indicates that the photograph is one of Jefferson Clay Ensminger's son.
This photograph is a portrait of a man in his mid-twenties, wearing the traditional Victorian-era collar, crovat, and three-piece suit. Evidence indicates that the young man in this photograph is Fredrick Ensminger, born 1877.
This photograph shows activity at an unidentified dock as the contents of a steamship are unloaded. The scene also includes several locomotives both arriving and departing from the adjacent station. This is image is a prime example of efforts towards industrialization made in Central Florida at the turn-of-the-century.