Fifteenth Census Population for New York City, Borough of Brooklyn, 1930
The Fifteenth United States census records for Brooklyn, New York, for 1930. The census divides the population into categories of name, age, sex, race, marital status, occupants and relation to head of house, whether the home is owned or rented, value of home or rent, whether home is a farm residence, and whether the home has a radio. It also records college attendance, literacy, birthplace and birthplace of parents, citizenship status, language spoken before coming to United States, year of immigration, occupation or business, class of worker, whether they worked the previous day, military status, and the war or expedition participated in. A notable resident listed in this record is Harry Gittleman. According to the record, Gittleman and his family resided on Christopher Avenue in Brooklyn, New York. Members of Gittleman’s family include his father, Meyer, mother, Lena, and older sisters Frances and Anna. The census states that his father was from Poland and was working as a tailor in 1930. It lists his mother as having immigrated to the United States from Austria. Harry Gittleman was born in New York in 1916, and grew up with his family in Brooklyn. His parents were Jewish immigrants from Europe, who immigrated to the United States in the early 1900s. Gittleman served in the United States Army during World War II. He began his military service in March of 1943, and served until August of the same year. He eventually moved to Florida, where he owned a clothing boutique in Tamarac. Gittleman passed away in 1995, and is buried in Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida, with his wife, Anne Molly Gittleman. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
United States Census Bureau
Digital reproduction of original census record by George Weinstraul, April 05, 1930.
Twelfth Census Population for Camden County, Georgia, 1900
The Twelfth United States Census records for Camden County, Georgia, for 1900. The census divides the population by sex, race, age, marital status, number of children, occupation, literacy, whether they owned or rented, farm or house. The census also states a resident's place of birth, and birthplace of their mother and father. If foreign born, the person provided the year they immigrated, whether they were naturalized and if they spoke English. A notable resident listed in this record is Alexander Lard Lucas (1893-1989). Born in Satilla Mills, Georgia, on June 6, 1893, Lucas moved to Jacksonville, Florida, as a teenager. By 1918, he had moved to Cleveland, Ohio, to pursue a career as a mechanic. Lucas was drafted into the United States Army on August 9, of 1918. Following his service, he worked as a tailor in Lansing, Michigan. By 1940, Lucas found a position as a shipping clerk for the Department of the Interior in Washington, DC. He lived in federal public housing attached to the North Interior Building in downtown Washington, where he worked. Between 1942 and 1989, he moved to the Miami area, where he passed away on March 2, 1989, at the age of ninety-five. Alexander Lucas is buried in the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Digital reproduction of original census record by E. F. Dean, June 8, 1900.
Letter from E. R. Trafford per William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford (February 29, 1884)
A letter from E. R. Trafford per William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, dated February 29, 1884. In the brief letter, Trafford acknowledges receipt of four signed deeds, as previously requested. Trafford was a company agent for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1882 to 1886. He served as the company’s local representative, managing the company office in Sanford, Florida. He was selected by the board of the FLCC, despite resistance from the President and Chairman of the Board, Henry Shelton Sanford. Unlike his predecessor, James Ingraham, Trafford provided Henry Sanford with little confidential, first-hand information about events in Florida. As a result, Sanford regularly advocated for Trafford’s replacement. However, the company’s other board members, distrustful of Henry Sanford’s business acumen, retained Trafford precisely because his first loyalties remained with the company in London and not Henry Sanford. His tenure as FLCC agent is reflective of the often tense relationship between Henry Sanford and his fellow board members as well as the increasingly limited influence Sanford had in company affairs. William Beardall, meanwhile, was an Englishman who worked for the FLCC at its local office in Sanford, Florida. He served as an assistant to the company agent, E. R. Trafford. He worked previously for the Scottish industrialist Sir William MacKinnon before joining the FLCC. The FLCC was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford with help from a group of British investors. Located at 13 Austin Friars in London, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a ₤10,000 cash payment and another ₤50,000 in company stock. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua and Marion counties. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. As a result of consistently meager profits from its inception, following Henry Sanford's death in 1891 many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders.
Original letter from E. R. Trafford per William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, February 29, 1884: box 54, folder 18, subfolder 54.18.21, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.
Florida Land and Colonization Company Office, Sanford, Florida
An oral history interview of Joel Strack, one of the founding members of the Orlando Gay Chorus. The interview was conducted by Tyler Campbell in the conference room at the Center for Humanities and Digital Research (CHDR) at the University of Central Florida (UCF) in Orlando, Florida, on September 26th, 2016. Some of the topics covered include founding the Orlando Gay Chorus, naming the chorus, the initial community reaction, women in the chorus, the evolving relationship with the community, becoming a mixed vocal group, hearing about the shooting at Pulse nightclub, vigils, outreach events and fundraisers, coping and seeking counseling, the Gay and Lesbian Association of Choruses (GALA) Festival, the Orlando community’s response to the Pulse tragedy, the long-term impact on the Gay Chorus and the Orlando community, and an increase in membership.
Strack, Joel. Interviewed by Tyler Campbell, September 26, 2016. Audio record available. RICHES of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
RICHES of Central Florida
GALA Choruses Festival, Denver Performing Arts Center, Denver, Colorado
GLBT Community Center of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
Joy Metropolitan Community Church, Orlando, Florida
The family history the Lawtons of the Summer Oaks plantation in Thomas County, Georgia. This family history centers around Alexander Benjamin Lawton (1809-1861) and his wife, Narcissa Melissa Lawton (1817-1883). Together, the couple had seven children: Alexander Cater Lawton (1841-1921), Winborn Theodore Lawton (1843-1892), Clara J. Lawton (b. 1845), Robert W. Lawton (b. 1847), Benjamin F. Lawton (ca. 1848-ca. 1853), Thomas J. Lawton (b. 1851), and Emma Lenora Lawton (1853-1907). Lawton also had three children from his previous marriage to Elizabeth Brisbane Lawton (1808-1839): Mary Jane Lawton (b. 1832), Martha S. Lawton (b. 1834), and Eusebia Lawton (ca. 1836-ca. 1850). Part I on the book focuses on the Lawton family background, highlighting William Lawton, Joseph Lawton, Benjamin Themistocles Dion Lawton, and Winborn Asa Lawton. Part II details the immediate family of Alexander Benjamin Lawton and his family while living in South Carolina, while Part III discusses the family's migration to the Summer Oaks plantation in Georgia. Part IV describes the location of Summer Oaks and Part V discusses theories about the location of Alexander Benjamin Lawton's resting place. Part VI details the descendants of the Lawtons of Summer Oaks. This family history was compiled by the great-great-great granddaughter of Alexander Benjamin Lawton and Narcissa Melissa Lawton, Stacey Allene Church and her father, Gerald Marshall Church. Many of the descendants of the Lawtons migrated to Oviedo, Florida.
Original book by Stacey Allene Church and Gerald Marshall Church: Private Collection of Bettye Reagan.
Mulberry Grove Plantation, Walterboro, South Carolina
Black Swamp, Robertville, South Carolina
Summer Oaks Plantation, Thomas County, Georgia
Part Two of an oral history of Jesse Cutler conducted by Geoffrey Cravero at Trevor Colbourn Hall at the University of Central Florida on February 23, 2024. Cutler has spent an illustrious career, beginning at age 12, as a musician, composer, actor, producer, and entrepreneur. Starting in New York City in the 1960s and then in Los Angeles from the early seventies through the late nineties, Jesse performed with his bands and in the original cast of Godspell on Broadway, made records that saw Billboard’s Top 100, formed his own companies and appeared on TV and radio and in national print. Some of the topics covered include getting starstruck meeting Marvin Gaye in the R & B Room of the Shrine Auditorium at the Grammy Awards, repackaging his album and forging a relationship with Quincy Jones, putting a band together and touring the West Coast, composing new songs, beginning a new romantic relationship, and developing Disco Diet, meeting Richard Simmons, creating and distributing the Eddie Rabbitt Mask, recording with Alice Cooper’s and Aretha Franklin’s Bands, forming his childhood band, The Young Executives, being managed by his father, performing for celebrities, signing to Mercury Records, charting a single, being on television, experiencing success and the breakup of the group, attending preparatory school in Queens and becoming involved in the Broadway musical Godspell, leaving Godspell, finding a manager and the importance of management and agency to a successful music career, repackaging his music and re-releasing it, moving to Winter Park, recording an album inspired by the city, getting re-married, recording a 12-album set of music inspired by astrology and marketing it through eclectic sound pallets, advice for aspiring entertainers, running a marketing company, writing his autobiography and finding a publisher, his closing remarks and future goals.
Cutler, Jesse. Interviewed by Geoffrey Cravero, February 23, 2024. Audio record available. RICHES, Orlando, Florida.
RICHES
The Shrine Auditorium, Los Angeles, California
Highland School Preparatory, Jamaica, New York
The Watermark, Vol. 12, No. 17, August 25-September 7, 2005
The seventeenth issue in the twelfth volum of The Watermark was published on August 25, 2005 Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 80-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 12, No. 17, August 25-September 7, 2005: Watermark Publishing Group, Orlando, Florida.
Watermark Media
An oral history of Ida Boston, conducted by Porsha Dossie on April 18, 2015. Boston is a resident of Oviedo, Florida, and a retired school bus driver for the Seminole County Public Schools. In 1956, she married her husband, Russell Boston, who is the grandson of Prince Butler Boston, a leading figure in Oviedo's black community. In this oral history, Boston discusses the legacy of Prince Butler Boston, establishing a colored cemetery, funding colored schools in the Oviedo area, and the Antioch Missionary Baptist Church. Boston also discusses black life in Oviedo, including membership in the Oviedo Citizens in Action Committee (OCIAC), which desegregated public places in Oviedo and fought for integration of Oviedo's schools.
Boston, Ida. Interviewed by Porsha Dossie, April 18, 2015. Audio/video record available. Oviedo History Harvest, Oviedo Historical Society, Oviedo, Florida.
Antioch Missionary Baptist Church, Oviedo, Florida
Home of the Boston Family, Oviedo, Florida
Home of Prince Butler Boston, Oviedo, Florida
The Watermark, Vol. 7, No. 1, January 6-19, 2000
The ninth issue of The Watermark was published on January 6-19, 2000, and focuses on community issues with the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) movement. The main topics covered in this issue include a letter from the editor
the Supreme Court of Vermont's decision on same-sex marriages
the Millennium March on Washington (MMOW)
BeachFest in Daytona Beach, the closing of the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Community Center (GLBCC)
the resignation of Charles Albrecht, executive director of the Tampa AIDS Network (TAN)
the anti-gay comments of Lee County Sheriff John McDougall regarding Matthew Shepard, a young, homosexual man who was brutally tortured and murdered in Wyoming
an increase in hate crimes against minorities
members of the LGBTQ+ community who have hearing impairments
legal and medical issues related to human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)
the Gay Financial Network's (GFN) first annual list of the 25 Most Influential Gay and Lesbian Corporate Executives
New Year's resolutions to improve gay culture
and astronomer and gay rights activist Frank Kameny (1925-2011). This issue also includes various advertisements, film reviews, a calendar of events, organizations and meetings, an astrology section, and personal classifieds. Finally this issues includes The Waterfront supplement, which featured articles about Parliament House, The Factory at Garage, and the sale of Viagra on the black market, as well as a gossip column, a nightlife column, music reviews, comics, maps of LGBTQ+ businesses in various Florida cities, and a sex talk column. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 32-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 7, No. 1, January 6-19, 2000: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
The Watermark, Vol. 2, No. 2, January 25, 1995
The second issue of volume two of The Watermark was published on January 25, 1995, and focuses on community issues with the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) movement. The main topics discussed in this issue are Iran's persecution of gay nightclub patrons, West Palm Beach voters' defeat of a proposal that sought to remove gay rights protections from municipal law, the Metropolitan Business Association's (MBA) Second Annual Expo, a federal court's ruling allowing a veterans group to bar the LGBTQ+ community from marching in Boston's St. Patrick's Day Parade, and Scott Laurent Galleries. This issue also includes letters to the editor, theater and film reviews, restaurant reviews, and comic strips, as well as culture, artful living, travel, marketplace, and classifieds sections. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 32-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 2, No. 2, January 25, 1995: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Walt Disney World, Lake Buena Vista, Florida
Scott Laurent Galleries, Winter Park, Florida
"One Note Samba" by the John Whitney Trio
An audio recording of "One Note Samba," composed by Antônio Carlos Jobim (1927-1994) with Portuguese lyrics by Newton Mendon, and performed by the John Whitney Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on January 4, 2000. John Whitney served as director of both orchestral studies and the University of Central Florida Jazz Lab band during his 20 years with the university. Whitney also led the UCF Jazz Lab band in invited performances at Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland and North Sea Jazz Festival in Holland. He established himself as a conductor, performer, composer, arranger, and teacher in both classical and jazz arenas, founding and directing the Southern Tier Symphony in Allegany, New York, in 2003, until his death in 2014. "One Note Samba" is a jazz standard in a bossa nova rhythm, which was made popular on the 1963 Grammy-winning, number one album, Jazz Samba. It has been recorded by numerous artists, including Quincy Jones (b. 1933), Frank Sinatra (1915-1998), Barbra Streisand (b. 1942), and Ella Fitzgerald (1917-1996).
Original 5-minute and 35-second audio recording: Antônio Carlos Jobim and Newton Mendon. "One Note Samba," by the John Whitney Trio: WUCF-FM, Orlando, Florida, January 4, 2000.
WUCF-FM
WUCF-FM, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
Southern Tier Symphony, Allegany, New York
An oral history interview of Terry W. Wheeler (b. 1959), who served in the U.S. Army, during the Cold War. Wheeler was born in Fort Lee, Virginia, in 1959. He joined the Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) and was commissioned into the Army on December 28, 1981. He earned the rank of Captain, as well as several awards and commendations: the Army Service Ribbon, the Overseas Service Ribbon, the Army Achievement Medal, and the Army Commendation Medal. Wheeler served in Fort Knox, Kentucky, Schweinfurt, West Germany, and Fort Benning, Georgia. This interview was conducted by Taylor Johnson at the University of Central Florida (UCF) on November 13, 2014. Interview topics include training at Fort Knox, duties as an Armor Officer, assignment in West Germany, Fort Benning, duties as a Tank Company commander, combat simulations, resigning from the Army and attending graduate school, and employment in the private sector.
Wheeler, Terry W. Interviewed by Taylor Johnson, November 13, 2014. Audio/video record available. Item DP0016010, UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.
Schweinfurt, Lower Franconia, Bavaria, Germany
U.S. Army Infrantry School, Fort Benning, Georgia
"Tenderly" by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini
An audio recording of "Tenderly," composed by Walter Gross (1909-1967) with lyrics by Jack Lawrence (1912-2009), and performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini live on-air on WUCF-FM on April 23, 2007. Jeff Rupert (b. 1964) is a freelance tenor saxophonist, Director of Jazz Studies and professor at the University of Central Florida (UCF), founder of Flying Horse Records, composer, and Yamaha performing artist. He has recorded with numerous artists, including Maynard Ferguson (1928-2006), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Mel Tormé (1925-1999), and Benny Carter, whose 1992 album, Harlem Renaissance, Rupert appeared on, won a Grammy award. He has recorded and performed with his own bands as well, including Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini and The Jazz Professors. "Tenderly" is a jazz standard first published and recorded in 1946. Sarah Vaughan's early recording was a hit in 1947, but the best-known version was by Rosemary Clooney in 1952.
Original 5-minute and 48-second audio recording: Gross, Walter, and Jack Lawrence. "Tenderly," by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini: WUCF-FM, Orlando, Florida, April 23, 2007.
RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 15: Calvary Assembly and Benny Hinn, Part 2
Episode 15, Part 2 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Calvary Assembly and Benny Hinn. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 15 explores the impact of mega-church Calvary Assembly of God, located at 1199 Clay Street in Winter Park, Florida, and evangelical Benny Hinn. This podcast includes narratives by Dr. Michael Hammond, Jack Norman, Gene Polino, and Debbie Carey. Hinn was born in Jaffa, Israel, on December 3, 1952, and raised in the Eastern Orthodox Church. He immigrated to Toronto, Canada, and later to Orlando, where he founded the Orlando Christian Center in 1983. He is best known for his "Miracle Crusades" and his television program, This is Your Day.
Original 15-minute and 45-second podcast by Joseph Francis Corbett II and Rustin "Rusty" Lloyd, September 20, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 15: Calvary Assembly and Benny Hinn, Part 2." RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.
Orlando Christian Center, Orlando, Florida
The Watermark, Vol. 12 No. 23, November 17-30, 2005
The twenty-third issue in the twelfth volume of The Watermark was published on November 17, 2005, and covers relevant news in the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) community. The cover story features the cast of RENT, a film based on the musical of the same name. Other stories include the trial of Steven Lorenzo, a man accused of nine accounts of date rape and the murder of two Tampa Bay men, the recent developments in adoption laws, festivities and holiday support groups, St. Petersburg city council elections, and the impact of Hurricane Wilma. The issue features interviews with Dolly Parton, Eartha Kitt and the cast of RENT. It also provides information on discrimination laws and recent development in AIDS home testing. This issue of The Watermark deals heavily with the concept of gay culture, social injustice and its lasting impact on LGBTQ+ individuals. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 76-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 12, No. 23, November 17-30, 2005: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Episode in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra's 20th Anniversary video series, chronicling the orchestra's history in Central Florida. This episode features an interview with Andrew Lane, who is a horn player, one of the orchestra's founding members, former Principal Pop, and current Resident Conductor. Topics in the video include the closing of the Florida Symphony, the creation of a new orchestra, how the orchestra obtained funding, trombonist and general manager Mark Fisher, an early concert in Kissimmee, and Lane's proudest accomplishment. Andrew Lane began his career with the United States Navy Band in Washington, D.C. Following his resignation in 1986, Lane performed as a freelancer with the American Chamber Orchestra, Washington Chamber Orchestra, Kennedy Center Orchestra, and National Gallery Orchestra. He joined the Florida Symphony in 1990 and the Florida Symphony Orchestra of Orlando in 1991. Other past positions held by Lane include: music director of the Florida Symphony Youth Orchestra from 1994 to May 2005; principal conductor of the Southern Ballet Theatre, presently called the Orlando Ballet; and guest conductor for the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Rochester Philharmonic, Naples Philharmonic, and the Florida Orchestra. As of the fall of 2002, Lane is currently the conductor of the Florida West Coast Symphony Youth Philharmonic and the principal conductor of the Florida West Coast Symphony Youth Orchestra Program. The Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, located at 812 East Rollins Street Suite 300 in Orlando, was inspired by the closing of the Florida Symphony in 1993. The orchestra performs in more than 125 concerts each season. In June of 2013, the Philharmonic made plans to purchase the Plaza Live, located at 425 North Bumby Avenue in downtown Orlando, for office space, a rehearsal hall, a music library, and a music hall.
Original 4-minute and 2-second video by Joe Gennaro, Timothy G. Brown, and Lisa Mills: "The Orlando Phil's 20th Anniversary | Andrew Lan." Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, October 3, 2012: Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, Orlando, Florida.
Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra
Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, Orlando, Florida
Episode in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra's 20th Anniversary video series, chronicling the orchestra's history in Central Florida. This episode features an interview with David Schillhammer, Executive Director since 2010. Topics in the video include performing at the Grand Opening of Universal's Wizarding World of Harry Potter, being conducted by John Williams, sales and programming, the concert experience, the involvement of musicians on the Board, the Orlando Philharmonic's track record of fiscal responsibility, and educational programs offered by the orchestra. David Schillhammer was born and raised in Burlington, Vermont, and received his Bachelor of Music in Bassoon Performance from the Eastman School of Music. He has also served as the executive director of the San Antonio Symphony, general manager of the Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra, and production and education coordinator for the Rochester Philharmonic. On April 30, 2010, Orlando Mayor Buddy Dyer declared April 30th to be "David Schillhammer Day." The Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, located at 812 East Rollins Street Suite 300 in Orlando, was inspired by the closing of the Florida Symphony in 1993. The orchestra performs in more than 125 concerts each season. In June of 2013, the Philharmonic made plans to purchase the Plaza Live, located at 425 North Bumby Avenue in downtown Orlando, for office space, a rehearsal hall, a music library, and a music hall.
Original 5-minute and 48-second video by Joe Gennaro, Timothy G. Brown, and Lisa Mills: "The Orlando Phil's 20th Anniversary | Executive Director David Schillhammer." Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, October 25, 2012: Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, Orlando, Florida.
Universal's Wizarding World of Harry Potter, Orlando, Florida
Episode in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra's 20th Anniversary video series, chronicling the orchestra's history in Central Florida. This episode features an interview with Hugh James and Caroline James, patrons of the orchestra. Topics in the video include how the James got involved with the orchestra, working with the people and musicians of the OPO, the Philharmonic's relationship with patrons, the orchestra's role in the community, and ticket sales and subscribers. Hugh and Caroline are members of the Friends of the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, an organization dedicated to supporting the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra. The Orlando Philharmonic Guild first met in February of 1996 and changed its name to the Friends of the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra in July of that same year. They held their first invitational fundraiser, "The Holiday Pops Dinner Gala," at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in December of 1996. The Friends celebrated its 15th anniversary in October of 2011, and continues to host fundraising events focused on garnering financial and community support of the OPO. The Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, located at 812 East Rollins Street Suite 300 in Orlando, was inspired by the closing of the Florida Symphony in 1993. The orchestra performs in more than 125 concerts each season. In June of 2013, the Philharmonic made plans to purchase the Plaza Live, located at 425 North Bumby Avenue in downtown Orlando, for office space, a rehearsal hall, a music library, and a music hall.
Original 1-minute and 51-second video by Joe Gennaro, Timothy G. Brown, and Lisa Mills: "The Orlando Phil's 20th Anniversary | Hugh & Caroline James." Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, October 24, 2012: Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, Orlando, Florida.
Episode in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra's 20th Anniversary video series, chronicling the orchestra's history in Central Florida. This episode features an interview with Lyman Brodie, Principal Trumpet and board member. Topics in the video include an anecdote about outdoor concert, the earliest days of the OPO, educational programs, venues, performing with John Williams and other experiences with the orchestra, music played by the Philharmonic, and the role of orchestra members as community members. In addition to the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, Lyman A. Brodie performs for the Dallas Wind Symphony and the Black Music Repertory Ensemble. He also is the Associate Dean of the College of Arts and Humanities and a Professor of Music at the University of Central Florida (UCF). Previous positions that Brodie has held at UCF include Chair of the Department of Music and President of the University Wide Counsel of Chairs and Chairmen of the Campus Review for the Strategic Planning Initiative. Additionally, Brodie has served as a national grant review panelist for the National Endowment for the Arts Music Program, an elected board member of Chamber Music Directors of the Orlando Philharmonic, an Advisory Board member of the Arts Presenters, and a voting member of the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. The Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, located at 812 East Rollins Street Suite 300 in Orlando, was inspired by the closing of the Florida Symphony in 1993. The orchestra performs in more than 125 concerts each season. In June of 2013, the Philharmonic made plans to purchase the Plaza Live, located at 425 North Bumby Avenue in downtown Orlando, for office space, a rehearsal hall, a music library, and a music hall.
Original 3-minute and 49-second video by Joe Gennaro, Timothy G. Brown, and Lisa Mills: "The Orlando Phil's 20th Anniversary | Lyman Brodie, Principal Trumpet." Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, October 3, 2012: Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, Orlando, Florida.
Episode in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra's 20th Anniversary video series, chronicling the orchestra's history in Central Florida. This episode features an interview with Mark Fischer, General Manager and Principal Horn. Topics in the video include the orchestra's performance for the television program Seaquest DSV and community involvement in the OPO. Mark Fischer received his education in music from the University of South Florida and studied the horn with the Philadelphia Orchestra and the New York Philharmonic. From 1975 to 1993, Fischer performed as Second Horn and Fourth Horn for the Florida Symphony. A founding member of the OPO, Fischer has been serving on the Orlando Philharmonic Board of Directors since its inception. He was also appointed to the position of Principal Horn in 1995 and the position of General Manager in 1997. Finally, he has performed with the Minnesota Orchestra, the Grand Teton Festival Orchestra, the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra, the Jacksonville Symphony, the Naples Philharmonic, and the Florida Orchestra. The Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, located at 812 East Rollins Street Suite 300 in Orlando, was inspired by the closing of the Florida Symphony in 1993. The orchestra performs in more than 125 concerts each season. In June of 2013, the Philharmonic made plans to purchase the Plaza Live, located at 425 North Bumby Avenue in downtown Orlando, for office space, a rehearsal hall, a music library, and a music hall.
Original 2-minute and 37-second video by Joe Gennaro, Timothy G. Brown, and Lisa Mills: "The Orlando Phil's 20th Anniversary | Mark Fischer, General Manager & Principal Horn." Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, October 3, 2012: Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, Orlando, Florida.
Lake Eola Bandshell, Downtown Orlando, Florida
Oral history told by Peter Newman, playwright, director, and board member of Creative Sanford, Inc., a non-profit organization created to manage Celery Soup: Florida's Folk Life Play community theater productions. Celery Soup's first production was Touch and Go, a play about how the people of Sanford overcame obstacles throughout their history. This interview, conducted by Mark Miller, deals with topics such as the history of Creative Sanford, and Celery Soup, Newman's playwriting process, the Florida highwaymen, scripts that Newman wrote, the use of history as inspiration for plays, the importance of authenticity, the story of Dr. George H. Starke, dealing with sensitive issues and race relations, the interviewing process, and the community's reaction to Celery Soup's plays.
Newman, Peter. Interviewed by Mark Miller. Audio record available. RICHES of Central Florida.
Creative Sanford, Inc., Sanford, Florida
Naval Air Station (NAS), Sanford, Florida
Holy Cross Episcopal Church, Sanford, Florida
The Watermark, Vol. 1, No. 1, August 31, 1994
The inaugural issue of The Watermark was published on August 31, 1994, and focused on several hot topics that were abuzz in the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) community. Hit topics included the cover story interviewing Married… With Children co-star Amanda Bearse (b. 1958) who was promoting her new special Out There II, an all LGBTQ+ comedy special. Similar topics of LGBTQ+ public exposure are scattered throughout the issue, including Fran Pigone, a pro-LGBTQ candidate for Orange County Commission Chairman, "Florida’s Freshest Fruit," an all LGBTQ improv troupe, and Brian Fagan, a gay man and one of Orlando’s premier runners. This first issue also included national LGBTQ+ news stories such as California’s Spousal Rights Bill, Yale’s same-sex partner health care plans, and Maine’s anti-gay initiatives. Another major component of the issue was discussion about Orlando’s LGBTQ+ nightlife locations and opportunities. In this issue, it was discussed that Tracks, a prominent bar had closed, and that Boxcars had opened in its place. Boxcars subsequently published a full page ad on the final page of the issue. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 24-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 1, No. 1, August 31, 1994: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
An oral history interview of Nicholas Agon Kresky, a member of the Orlando Gay Chorus who serves on the chorus’s Music and Artistic Development Committee. The interview was conducted by Sarah Schneider at the University of Central Florida Center for Emerging Media in Orlando, Florida, on November 17th, 2016. Some of the topics covered include joining the Orlando Gay Chorus, his favorite productions, the 2012 Gay and Lesbian Association of Choruses (GALA) festival, the mass shooting at Pulse nightclub, the Orlando Gay Chorus’s response to the Pulse tragedy, the community response to the Pulse tragedy, pet therapy, the national response to the Pulse tragedy, the 2016 Gay and Lesbian Association of Choruses (GALA) festival, support from other gay choruses, the significance of Pulse before and after the tragedy, the role of social media in the aftermath of the tragedy, and the long-term consequences of the Pulse tragedy.
Kresky, Nicholas Agon. Interviewed by Sarah Schneider, November 17, 2016. Audio record available. RICHES of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Dr. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts, Orlando, Florida
An oral history interview of Emmanuel J. Agon Kresky, a member of the Orlando Gay Chorus. The interview was conducted by Sarah Schneider at the University of Central Florida Center for Emerging Media in Orlando, Florida, on November 17th, 2016. Some of the topics covered include joining the Orlando Gay Chorus, his favorite productions, the 2012 and 2016 Gay and Lesbian Association of Choruses festivals, the mass shooting at Pulse nightclub, the Orlando Gay Chorus’s response to the Pulse tragedy, the community, national and international responses to the Pulse tragedy, the significance of Pulse before and after the tragedy, the role of social media in the aftermath of the tragedy, and the long-term consequences of the tragedy.
Kresky, Emmanuel J. Agon. Interviewed by Sarah Schneider, November 17, 2016. Audio record available. RICHES of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Cathedral Church of St. Luke, Orlando, Florida
Publix Supermarkets, Inc., Orlando, Florida
"My Favorite Memory of Oviedo Is..." by Elizabeth T.
A document created by Elizabeth T. as part of the Oviedo History Harvest in 2015. In the document, the author is asked to describe her favorite memory of Oviedo, Florida. Elizabeth, who was 22 at the time, stated that driving around Downtown Oviedo was her favorite memory.
Original document by Elizabeth T., April 18, 2015: Oviedo Historical Society, Oviedo, Florida.
An oral history of James Marion Jones, conducted by Elizabeth Tammaro on March 19, 2015. Jones, who was born June 19, 1945, grew up in Oviedo, Florida, and had a long career as teacher and assistant principal in Seminole County Public Schools (SCPS). This oral history interview conducted by Elizabeth Tammaro at the Lawton House on March 19, 2015. Interview topics include family history, such as his great-great grandfather's service in the American Civil War under A. P. Hill, an historic dental kit of one of his ancestors, and his parents, who worked at the post office, with his father being the postmaster general for many years. Other topics include his brother, vacations and summer activities, college at the University of Florida (UF), the Oviedo School plane crash , life in the Navy, his career in education, how Oviedo has changed over time, hobbies, marriage and children, and influence of past teachers.
Jones, James Marion. Interviewed by Elizabeth Tammaro, March 19, 2015. Audio record available. Oviedo History Harvest, Oviedo Historical Society, Oviedo, Florida.
A postcard depicting the Clearwater Beach Causeway, now known as the Clearwater Memorial Causeway, in Clearwater, Florida. The road connects Downtown Clearwater with Clearwater Beach, carrying Florida State Road 60 (SR 60). Originally a two-lane road, the bridge was first constructed in the 1920s. That original causeway was later replaced by a new bridge in the 1950s. Construction for the new Clearwater Memorial Causeway began in 2001 and the bridge opened in 2005.
Original 9 x 14 centimeter color postcard by Burgert Bros. and Tichnor Quality Views: Private Collection of Bob Van Horn.
Clearwater Beach Causeway, Clearwater, Florida
"The Second Time Around" by the John Whitney Trio
An audio recording of "The Second Time Around," composed by Jimmy Van Heusen (1913-1990) and Sammy Cahn (1913-1993), and performed by the John Whitney Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on January 4, 2000. John Whitney served as director of both orchestral studies and the University of Central Florida Jazz Lab band during his 20 years with the university. Whitney also led the UCF Jazz Lab band in invited performances at Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland and North Sea Jazz Festival in Holland. He established himself as a conductor, performer, composer, arranger, and teacher in both classical and jazz arenas, founding and directing the Southern Tier Symphony in Allegany, New York, in 2003, until his death in 2014. "The Second Time Around" was first recorded by Bing Crosby (1903-1977) and Henry Mancini (1924-1994), and featured in the 1960 film, High Time, where it was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song. The song is associated with Frank Sinatra (1915-1998), who recorded several versions.
Original 4-minute and 38-second audio recording: Van Heusen, Jimmy, and Sammy Cahn. "The Second Time Around," by the John Whitney Trio: WUCF-FM, Orlando, Florida, January 4, 2000.
The Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 21, October 10-23, 2002
The twenty-first issue of the ninth volume of The Watermark was published on October 10, 2002 and continued to provide coverage of politicians running for state government positions, as the mid-term elections would be held in November. In this issue, the Florida Attorney General race between Charlie Crist (R) (b. 1956) and Buddy Dyer (D) (b. 1958) is examined. The issue also highlights fall events occurring within the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) community, including the Tampa International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival and "Bear Bust." Additionally, this issue covered an LGBTQ+ organization at a Sarasota college, Equality Florida's 2nd Annual Central Florida Reception, Pridefest, and less encouraging incidences of queerphobia. Director of the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender Community Center (aka The Center), Lana Brito, was interviewed, as was an openly gay "Big Brother" of the Big Brother Big Sisters of America chapter in Tampa. A clothing line called Butchwear, pioneered by Alex Brendell, was featured in the Water Colors pullout section. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 68-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 21, October 10-23, 2002: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Manatee Community College, Bradenton, Florida
Tampa Bay Business Guild, Tampa, Florida
The Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 20, September 26-October 9, 2002
The twentieth issue of the ninth volume of The Watermark was published on September 26, 2002 and continued coverage of Florida politicians running for state and federal legislative seats. This issue highlights the platforms of U.S. House District 13 candidates Katherine Harris (R) (b. 1957) and Jan Schneider (D) (b. 1947). It also features a look into the Hope &amp
Help Center's annual Headdress Ball benefiting the HIV/AIDS organization, the success of the Out &amp
Equal Workplace Summit, and a full schedule of the 13th annual Tampa International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival. The issue discusses how various states and countries were voting to protect their LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) communities. This included California's domestic partners' inheritance law, South Africa's gay adoption policy, and the continuation of Miami, Florida's Human Rights Ordinance. Other articles include a spotlight on actor, Heath Ledger, and the aspirations of the Tampa International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival's director, Margaret Murray. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 68-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 20, September 26-October 9, 2002: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Disney's Coronado Springs Resort, Orlando, Florida
The Watermark, Vol. 10, No. 15, July 17-30, 2003
The fifteenth issue of the tenth volume of The Watermark was published on July 17, 2003. The lead story raises questions about the death of a former Orlandoan hairdresser, Robert Murray (1965-2003), in Louisiana. Murray had been popular in the Orlando LGBTQ+ community. Other topics covered include plans for Pride celebrations that October, a Florida civil rights law that neglected to include sexual orientation on its non-discrimination list, and a second Canadian province to legalize gay marriage. The issue also covers a wrongful death lawsuit filed against the city of Tampa for the death of a lesbian police officer, and outrage within the Southern Baptist Convention for the appointment of a lesbian minister in Tennessee. The Water Colors section covers a spotlight on a new television show, Queer Eye for the Straight Guy, which was a makeover show on Bravo network. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 56-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 10, No. 15, July 17-30, 2003: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Glendale Baptist Church, Nashville, Tennessee
The Watermark, Vol. 12, No. 7, April 7-20, 2005
The seventh issue of the twelfth volume of The Watermark was published on April 7, 2005, and was the Spring Home Décor issue. The Décor pull out section highlights Central Florida homes and their interior designers' unique styles. Also included in that section is an interview with Style Network's Brini Maxwell (Ben Sanders, b. 1969). This issue also covers the death of the Student Safety Bill in Florida's legislature, as well as a recently passed Ohio bill that would inadvertently harm straight couples in cases of domestic violence. Further coverage includes an examination of the late Pope John Paul II's relationship with the LGBTQ+ community, a queer alumni group started at the University of South Florida, and Israeli leaders' resistance to Jerusalem hosting WorldPride. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 76-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 12, No. 7, April 7-20, 2005: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
The Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 19, September 12-25, 2002
The nineteenth issue of the ninth volume of The Watermark was published on September 12, 2002, primarily highlighting the effect Florida politicians might have on the Central Florida LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) community if elected. Among these politicians was Patrick Howell (b. 1970), who, if elected, would have been the first openly gay Republican to sit in the Florida State House of Representatives. Other politicians include Tom Feeney (R) (b. 1958), Speaker of the Florida House of Representatives in 2002, and Harry Jacobs (D) (b. 1958), a newcomer to the political scene but ardently supportive of equal rights and higher wages for teachers. The two would be up for the U.S. House District 24 election that year. In addition to state and federal politics, the issue continues coverage of the debate surrounding the addition of protection from discrimination of sexual orientation in the workplace to Orlando's city legislation. Other topics covered include interviews with comedians touring Florida, a spotlight on an LGBTQ+ youth group, and an interview in the Water Colors pullout section with DC Comics writer Judd Winick, who discusses hate crimes and gay bashing in a recent issue of the Green Lantern. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 60-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 19, September 12-25, 2002: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Good Samaritan Church, Pinellas Park, Florida
The Watermark, Vol. 12, No. 6, March 24-April 6, 2005
The sixth issue of the twelfth volume of The Watermark was published on March 24, 2005, and featured a cover story and interview of comedienne Roseanne Barr (b. 1952). Other interviews include Jeanne White-Ginder, mother of AIDS victim Ryan White (1971-1990), and circuit DJ Joe Gauthreux. The issue also covers the temporary closure of local Orlando bar, Southern Nights, the merger of two Tampa Bay queer organizations, and a California superior court ruling that found gay marriage prohibition to be unconstitutional. An opinion piece highlights the dangers of limiting students' First Amendment rights in schools after a high school senior wore a tuxedo in her senior portraits and was not allowed to have her picture in the yearbook. This issue closed with the paper's annual Travel and Boating Guide pull-out. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 64-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 12, No. 6, March 24-April 6, 2005: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Fleming Island High School, Green Cove Springs, Florida
Sunshine Cathedral, Metropolitan Community Church, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
The Watermark, Vol. 10, No. 14, July 3-16, 2003
The fourteenth issue of the tenth volume of The Watermark was published on July 3, 2003, and provided coverage on the biggest summer event of the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) community: Pride. From the Central Florida Pride Parade to the first ever St. Pete Pride, thousands of LGBTQ+ people came out to celebrate their culture, heritage, and community in the last week of June. This issue covers the United States Supreme Court ruling on Lawrence v. Texas, which banned Texas's sodomy laws and solidified the private rights of citizens. It also includes features on the gay-owned, gay-centric Suncoast Resort, and Canada's decision to legalize gay marriages. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 56-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 10, No. 14, July 3-16, 2003: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
Suncoast Resort, St. Petersburg, Florida
The Watermark, Vol. 11, No. 19, September 23-October 6, 2004
The nineteenth issue of the eleventh volume of The Watermark was published on September 23, 2004, and celebrated the paper's tenth anniversary as well as the fifteenth anniversary of the Tampa International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival. Although the front page claims the issue is the nineteenth, it is actually the twentieth. Following back-to-back hurricanes, Charley and Frances, the issue evaluates the impact of the storms on local Central Florida businesses, such as the Parliament House, newly-opened Savoy, and the Suncoast Resort. It also covers the efforts of Canadian provincial governments to legalize same-sex marriages, the closing of Orlando's pride shop, and the decision to allow gay foster parents to keep custody of their two girls. The Water Colors section details the progress of The Watermark since its inception in 1994, while a pull out section provides a daily schedule of the upcoming Tampa International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 64-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 11, No. 19, September 23-October 6, 2004: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
The Watermark, Vol. 12, No. 9, May 5-18, 2005
The ninth issue of the twelfth volume of The Watermark was published on May 5, 2005, and was the paper's Business and Finance issue. This section of the paper analyzes the incomes and spending patterns of LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) readers, spotlighting several Central Florida businesses, and providing information on bankruptcy laws. The issue also covers the openly lesbian, newly appointed head of the Universal Fellowship of Metropolitan Community Churches (UFMCC), same-sex legislative rulings in various states such as Texas, and Microsoft's reversal of support for a law that would have protected LGBTQ+ individuals. Other topics include an ongoing investigation of a man charged with the kidnapping, assault, and murders of numerous gay men, as well as the prohibition of students from wearing pro-gay apparel in a number of schools. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.
Original 80-page newspaper: The Watermark, Vol. 12, No. 9, May 5-18, 2005: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
"When Lights Are Low" by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini
An audio recording of "When Lights Are Low," composed by Benny Carter (1907-2003) and Spencer Williams (1889-1965), and performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini live on-air on WUCF-FM on April 23, 2007. Jeff Rupert (b. 1964) is a freelance tenor saxophonist, Director of Jazz Studies and professor at the University of Central Florida (UCF), founder of Flying Horse Records, composer, and Yamaha performing artist. He has recorded with numerous artists, including Maynard Ferguson (1928-2006), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Mel Tormé (1925-1999), and Benny Carter, whose 1992 album, Harlem Renaissance, Rupert appeared on, won a Grammy award. He has recorded and performed with his own bands as well, including Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini and The Jazz Professors. "When Lights Are Low" is a jazz standard that was composed in 1936 and has been recorded by numerous artists. The most famous versions were recorded by Miles Davis (1926-1991) in 1956 and Tony Bennett in 1964.
Original 5-minute and 21-second audio recording: Carter, Benny, and Spencer Williams. "When Lights Are Low," by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini: WUCF-FM, Orlando, Florida, April 23, 2007.
The Army and Navy Chronicle was published between 1835-1842. It shared news and stories about the activities of the United States Army and Navy and included pieces contributed by the soldiers or sailors themselves. This is a poem published about the death of Lt. Col. Alexander Thompson, written by someone from New York who identified themselves as “M.” Alexander Thompson was born around 1793, in New York City to Alexander Thompson Sr. and Amelia Thompson née De Hart. Thompson Jr. had one brother, William, and three sisters, Margaret, Catherine, and Amelia. His father, Alexander Sr., died in 1809, and one year later, Thompson Jr. entered the United States Military Academy at West Point. He graduated early because of the onset of the War of 1812, in which he participated as a lieutenant. When the war ended, Thompson continued in military service, rising through the ranks until he became lieutenant colonel in 1837. During this period, he also married Mary Nexsen. They had no surviving children. In 1837, his 6th Infantry Regiment was sent to participate in the Second Seminole War. Thompson died leading his regiment at the Battle of Okeechobee on December 25, 1837. He is buried at the US Military Academy Post Cemetery at West Point and commemorated at the St. Augustine National Cemetery in Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for K-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Population Census for Haines City, Polk County, Florida, 1935
The Florida State Population Census for Haines City, Bradford County, Florida, for 1935. The census divides the population by address, age, gender, race, relationship to head of house, place of birth, occupation, education, and whether they owned or rented their property. State censuses were compiled in 1845 and every ten years after, and were abolished in 1949. A notable individual listed in this record is Major James Lamarr Moore (1923-1994). Major Moore was born to Raymond R. Moore and Nettie Mae Moore on December 14, 1923, in Oxford, Alabama. Moore enlisted in the United States Army on January 1, 1923, to serve in World War II. At the time, he worked for the Great Atlantic Pacific Tea Company in Haines City, Florida. His military career spanned two decades, serving in World War II and the Korean War, and he ended his service as a Major. As a civilian, Moore married Wilma Lorene Rodman in 1942 and had four children. After Wilma’s death, he married Betty Louise Stallings, who had three children of her own. He owned and operated GEICO Insurance offices and was also a partner in the Fed Chek organization, where he served as Vice President. He died from heart failure of June 26, 1994, and is interned at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Florida Department of State
Digital reproduction of original census record by the Florida Department of State, 1935.
Index to Vital Statistics, Montgomery County, North Carolina
The Index to Vital Statistics form lists the births in Montgomery County, North Carolina. The form includes the year of birth, the name of the child, the name of parent, township, page and book. A notable person listed on the form is Lee Kenneth Brady (1926-1996). Lee was born on September 1, 1926, in Troy, North Carolina. His parents were Berrie and Melvin, a textile mill worker. He enlisted in the United States Navy on Jul 20, 1943, where he served on the USS Logan as an aviation radioman and participated in the Battle of Iwo Jima. After his service, he returned to North Carolina, and eventually moved to Florida, where he died on January 28, 1996. He is buried in the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
State Archives of North Carolina
Digital reproduction of original index to vital statistics.
A page from the 1960 City Directory for Joliet, Illinois. The directory lists the names of the head of the household and the name of his wife if the man is married. The directory also describes the occupation and place of employment of the head of the household as well as their address. Advertisements from local businesses are also included. A notable individual listed is William Boese (1923-1996), along with his wife, Frances. Boese was born on March 22, 1923, and grew up in Joliet, Illinois. He entered the United States Marine Corps on August 26, 1942, training in California before receiving his assignment in the Pacific as supply support. He served in the 4th Base Depot and the 5th Field Depot, assisting combat units as they sought to gain ground against the Japanese in the Pacific. After his discharge, Boese worked for the Elgin, Joliet, and Eastern Railway as a switchman. He married his wife, Frances, and fathered to daughters, Aldene and Arlene. The family moved to the Tampa Bay, Florida, area in 1978. On February 22, 1996, Boese died at the age of seventy-two. The Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida, placed a memorial headstone in his honor. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
City of Joliet, Illinois
Digital reproduction of original city directory.
A statue known as "The Mariner", which was erected in 1978 by Earl J. LaPan (1908-1996). The fourteen-foot statue was created for the Mariner Bank in 1978, who paid $18,000 for it. When the bank closed, the statue was loaded by crane and moved to Phil Foster Park in Riviera Beach, Florida, in 1983. The Mariner was built in tribute to Jerry Thomas, who founded Mariner Bank in 1962. Thomas’s son, Ken, claimed his father had been the model. Born in Lowell, Massachusetts, on August 24, 1908, Earl J. LaPan was an accomplished artist, who is credited for creating over 300 murals depicting tropical scenes. Beginning his career as an artist in New Jersey, Earl LaPan moved to Florida sometime around 1933. He was drafted into the United States Army Air Corps on October 29, 1943. After World War II, LaPan moved to Miami, Florida, where he resumed his work as an artist. LaPan died in Palm Beach, Florida, on February 19, 1996, at the age of eighty-seven. He is buried at the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Palm Beach County
Digital reproduction of original color photograph.
Phil Foster Park, Riviera Beach, Florida
Fulford Van & Storage Company Calendar, 1948
A Fulford Van & Storage Company calendar for 1948. The company was founded by Jesse Curtis Fulford in 1913. The company moved from its original downtown address at 131-135 North Magnolia Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida, to its new location at 3750 Bengert Street in 1973 and is still at that location as of 2014.
Fulford Van & Storage Company
Original calendar by Fulford Van & Storage Company, 1948: Orlando Remembered Exhibit, Regions Bank, Orlando, Florida.
Fulford Van & Storage Company, Downtown Orlando, Florida
A page from the 1940 Gulf High School yearbook in New Port Richey, Florida. Three cheerleaders pose in a black and white photograph at the top of the page with their names listed below. A notable student who appears on the yearbook page is Leland Clyde Poole (1922-1995). Born in Tarpon Springs, Florida, on November 29, 1922, Poole enlisted in the United States Navy on December 02, 1940, at the age of 19. He reached the rank of Quartermaster Chief Petty Officer in 1948. After retiring from the military, Poole worked with the Florida Marine Patrol. Leland Clyde Poole passed away on January 4, 1995, in his Florida home. The United States Navy interred Poole on March 11, 1996, at Florida National Cemetery, in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Gulf High School
Digital reproduction of original yearbook page.
A page from the Logansport High School Yearbook in Logansport, Indiana, in 1935. The page contains images of the graduating seniors with their names listed along the right hand side in addition to a small statement about each student. A notable student listed is Edward Patrick Conners (1916 – 1995). Conners was born on March 17, 1916, in East Chicago, Indiana. He played football for Logansport High School and graduated in 1935. After graduation, he worked as a lineman for a telephone company in Indiana. At the outbreak of World War II, Conners entered the United States Army Signal Corp on February 26, 1941. He served in this capacity until November 15, 1947. He reenlisted six days later and stayed in the military until June 30, 1964. After his service, Conners moved to Atlantic Beach, Florida. He died on September 1, 1995, in Alachua County, Florida. He is buried in Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Logansport High School
Lou Frey Institute of Politics & Government
According to its website, "The Lou Frey Institute promotes the development of enlightened, responsible, and actively engaged citizens. The Institute works to accomplish its mission: through civic education programs that encourage thoughtful debate and discussion about current policy issues; through experiential learning programs that encourage the development of civic and political skills; by working to help strengthen the civic education capacity of Florida’s k-12 education system; and through research, policy analysis, and advocacy."
Lou Frey Institute of Politics & Government 12443 Research Parkway OTC3 Suite 406 Orlando, Florida 32826
Lou Frey Institute of Politics & Government, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
Maitland, Orange County, Florida Promotional Booklet
This promotional booklet was issued by the Maitland Chamber of Commerce in January of 1925 and published by Rollins Press, located in Winter Park, Florida. The booklet promotes the town of Maitland for prospective settlers and visitors, and focuses on aspects of the town, such as lake front homes, schools, the leisurely lifestyle, proximity to Winter Park and Orlando, social life, and the expansion of industry and infrastructure. This particular copy likely belonged to J. H. Hill of 134 Magnolia Road in Maitland, Florida.
Maitland Chamber of Commerce
Original 16-page booklet: Maitland Chamber of Commerce. Maitland, Orange County, Florida. Winter Park, Florida: Rollins Press, 1925: Newspaper Collection, accession number 2014.002.020V, room 2, case 2, shelf 10, box GV, Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.
Rollins Press
Orlando Remembered Exhibit at Regions Bank
The exhibit created by Orlando Remembered at the Regions Bank building, located at 111-113 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida. The Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc. was created to "showcase artistic renderings of the time depicted, with artifacts and historical memorabilia from the location in an effort to preserve the memory of Orlando's history while acknowledging the potential of the City's future." The exhibit at Regions Bank memorializes several businesses and churches located around the Sears, Roebuck & Company building, including Frigidaire, the Cathedral of St. Luke, St. James Catholic Church, Denmark's Sporting Goods, Kiddie Korner, Main Street Market, Associated Radio Store, and Gibbs-Louis, Inc. The exhibit was designed by Bob Buck and the artwork was created by Jim Stohl.
Orlando Remembered
Original exhibit by Orlando Remembered: Regions Bank, Orlando, Florida.
Cathedral Church of St. Luke
Orange County Regional History Center
St. James Catholic Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida
Cathedral Church of St. Luke, Downtown Orlando, Florida
Denmark's Sporting Goods, Downtown Orlando, Florida
Sears, Roebuck & Company, Downtown Orlando, Florida
Kiddie Korner, Downtown Orlando, Florida
Main Street Market, Downtown Orlando, Florida
Frigidaire Store, Downtown Orlando, Florida
The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history.
Oviedo Historicay Society, Inc.
Oviedo Historical Society 200 West Broadway Street Oviedo, Florida 32765
Library War Service Makes Report of Work
A page from The Davenport Democrat and Leader from November 8, 1918. One of the articles reports casualties of World War I. Fred Kalinchuk is listed as missing in action. His status would later be corrected in some newspapers as wounded in action, degree undetermined. The newspaper was founded as The Democratic Banner in 1848, and was sold in 1855 to a group of businessmen and rechristened The Iowa State Democrat. The name changed again in 1903 to The Davenport Democrat, and after purchasing its rival newspaper, The Davenport Leader in 1905, the name became The Davenport Democrat and Leader, under the city editorship of Ralph W. Cram. The newspaper eventually settled on its current name, The Quad-City Times. Fred Kalinchuk was born in Russia in 1896, and immigrated to the United States in 1913. He lived in Cleveland, Ohio with his family before enlisting in the United States Army in 1918. Soon after joining the Army, he became a naturalized citizen while stationed in Georgia. Kalinchuk fought in France during World War I, including in the Oise-Aisne offensive. He was wounded during that time and was awarded the Purple Heart. After his military service, Kalinchuk worked as a patternmaker and started a family in Cleveland. He later moved to Florida and passed away in Citrus, Florida, in 2007. He is buried at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida, with his son, Walter Kallin, who served in World War II. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
The Davenport Democrat and Leader
Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: “The Davenport Democrat and Leader”, Quad-City Times, November 8, 1918.
The Museum of the Apopkans, located at 122 East Fifth Street in Apopka, Florida, includes exhibits about the history of Apopka and Northwest Orange County. The museum is operated by the Apopka Historical Society, which was formed in 1968, after Edward A. Miner displayed his exhibit of early Apopka artifacts at the Folk Festival that same year. The Central Florida Anthropological Society contributed to the Apopka Historical Society, as well as several artists: Bertha Wolz, Betty Jamison, Vickie Doggett, and David Findley. The society was incorporated in 1971 with Elizabeth Grossenbacher as president, Mildred S. Whiteside was vice president, Reba R. Evans as secretary, and Miner as curator. The first Board of Directors included John H. Land, Elin Larson, and Mary Lee Welch.
Apopka Historical Society and Museum of the Apopkans
Apopka Historical Society and Museum of the Apopkans 122 East Fifth Street Apopka, Florida 32703
A magazine article published by The Air Force Official Service Journal in May of 1943. The article describes an instituted policy of filming important surgical operations performed at the Base Hospital at Wendover Field, Utah. The first filmed operation was on William Woznak (1919-1997). Born on August 5, 1919, in Montreal, Canada, William Woznak's family immigrated to Michigan. He enlisted in the United States Army Air Corps on January 6, 1942, serving on the Repair Squadron at Wendover Field in Utah. After the war, Woznak returned to Michigan and married Elizabeth Beatrice Genick. He fathered three children, named Marian, Bill, and Walter. By the 1970s, the family moved to Naples, Florida, where Woznak worked as a realtor and building consultant. He died on January 28, 1997, in Naples, and is memorialized at the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Air Force Magazine
Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: "Surgery Movies for Instruction." Air Force Magazine, Wendover Field, Utah, May, 1943.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.)
A newspaper article, originally posted by The Associated Press, published in The Miami Herald on March 2, 1962. According to the article, a fragment of the Atlas rocket used for John Glenn's mission was found on a farm in South Africa. South African officials made plans to return the artifact to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
The Associated Press
Original newspaper article: "Glenn's Rocket Found in Africa." The Miami Herald, March 2, 1962: Private Collection of Dr. Calvin D. Fowler.
The Miami Herald
Chronopoints
Aliwal North, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 14, Cape Canaveral, Florida
Vivian Louise Black (1940- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007), who got married in 1937. Vivian is also the oldest sister of Lula Yvonne Black (1942- ); Charles Samuel Black (1945- ); Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947- ); and Patricia Ann Black (1956- ); as well as the half-sister of David Harry Black (1929-2012). Vivian graduated from Crooms High School around 1958. She married Benjamin Moore Hawkins in the 1960s and moved to Rochester, New York. The couple had two children together: Benjamin Moore, Jr. (1960-) and Fejetta Michelle Hawkins (1972-). Vivian worked for several years in a factory until she suffered a stroke at age 35, when the left side of her body became completely paralyzed. She moved back to Sanford, Florida, after her stroke.
Crooms High School
Original black and white photograph: Crooms High School, Sanford, Florida: Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black.
Crooms High School, Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida
Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007), who got married in 1937. Yvonne is also the sister of Vivian Louise Black (1940-); Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-); and Patricia Ann Black (1956-); as well as the half-sister of David Harry Black (1929-2012). Yvonne graduated from Crooms High School around 1960. After high school, she attended college briefly, married Willie Lee Hooks, and moved to Rochester, New York. Lula and her husband had four children together: twins Willie Lee Hooks, Jr. and Wilbur Lee Hooks; Ronald Lee Hooks; and Lavonia Kaye Hooks. Like her sister, Vivian, Yvonne also worked in a factory for many years.
A page from the 1958 City Directory for Canton, New York. The directory lists the names of the head of the household and in the case of a married man, the name of his wife. The directory also gives shorthand descriptions of the occupation and place of employment of the head of the household as well as their address. Advertisements from local businesses are also included. A notable individual listed is Nelson Phelps (1899-1989). Born on August 4, 1899, in Gouverneur, New York, Phelps served in the United States Navy during World War I after enlisting on January 28, 1918. He served as a Landsman for Electrician General Training at the Naval Training Station in Newport, Rhode Island, and the Naval Operating Station in Hampton Roads, Virginia. After the war, he returned to New York, marrying Marguerite Magdaline Burkhard, and fathering two daughters: Margaretta and Catherine. He spent much of his working life as a superintendent and inspector at the Sheffield Farms Milk Company. After retirement, he and his wife moved to Hillsborough County, Florida. Phelps died on March 22, 1989, and is buried at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
City of Canton
Invitation to the Springtime Chamber Music Concert at the Vanderpoel Mansion
An invitation to the Springtime Chamber Music Concert at the Vanderpoel Mansion, also known as the Vanderpoel House of History, located at 16 Broad Street in Kinderhook, New York. The concert was hosted by the Columbia County Historical Society on May 25, 1974. The Vanderpools were one of the original families in Maitland, Florida, with Isaac Vanderpool, the patriarch of the family, buying 160 acres of land in the year 1870. In 1876, after facing a large financial loss and disaster in New York, Isaac and his wife, Harriet Vanderpool, permanently moved to the Maitland area. At the time of their arrival, the area only had about four or five family homesteads and orange groves. Vanderpool was part of the first committee to help incorporate the town of Lake Maitland. The committee included Vanderpool, Henry S. Kedney, George Packwood, and Richard Packwood. The Vanderpool family was also heavily involved in civic affairs, which included the establishment of the town of Eatonville by Vanderpool and Josiah C. Eaton. The Vanderpools were paricipants in the creation of the Florida Audubon Society and the organization of the Maitland Public Library. Harriet Vanderpool, along with Bishop Henry C. Whipple, founded the Episcopal Church of the Good Shepherd, and, in 1927, she wrote the "Maitland Song," which the chamber of commerce adopted as the official song for the city. In 1887, Vanderpool became Mayor of Maitland and during this time, acquired land for the city first cemetery. In 1892, he built the first packinghouse in Maitland, which was featured in TheGate City Chronicle as the state most modern and best packinghouse.
Columbia County Historical Society
Original 4-page invitation by the Columbia County Historical Society, 1974: Vanderpool Collection, accession number 2014.002.024V, room 2, case 2, shelf 10, box GV, Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.
Creative Sanford, Inc. is a non-profit organization created to manage Celery Soup: Florida's Folk Life Play community theater productions. The original idea for the Celery Soup project came from Jeanine Taylor, the owner of a folk-art gallery on First Street in Sanford, Florida. Their first production was Touch and Go, a play focusing on the people of Sanford and their determination to overcome various obstacles, including the Freeze of 1894-1895, the fall of Sanford's celery industry, and the closing of Naval Air Station (NAS) Sanford in the 1960s. In the process of producing the show, Creative Sanford decided to rehabilitate an historic building, the Princess Theater, which is located on 115 West First Street and owned by Stephen Tibstra. The Creative Sanford offices are housed in the Historic Sanford Welcome Center, located at 203 East First Street.
Creative Sanford, Inc.
The Princess Theater 115 West First Street Sanford, Florida 32771
Historic Sanford Welcome Center 203 East First Street Sanford, Florida 32771
The Thirteenth United States Census records for Brevard County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County (including present-day Seminole County), Osceola County, and Volusia County (including present-day Flagler County), Florida, for 1910. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white" and "black"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who are foreign born are further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the illiterate population categorized by age, race, gender, and school attendance. The census also collected information on agriculture. The Census of 1910 was approved by legislation introduced in December of 1907 and enacted in July of 1909. The delay was the result of a disagreement over the appointment of enumerators. President Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919) supported the hiring of enumerators via the civil service system, while Congress supported enumerators as positions of patronage. President Roosevelt successfully won the debate. This census act also changed Census Day from the traditional date of June 1st to April 15th. Additional questions regarding the nationality and native language of foreign-born persons and their parents. Funds for the U.S. Census Bureau were also increased to expand the Census' permanent workforce and created several new full-time positions, including a geographer, a chief statistician, and an assistant director. The assistant director was to be appointed by the President and approved by the Senate, while all other census employees were hired on the basis of open, competitive examinations administered by the Civil Service Commission. Despite the use of automatic counting machinery, issues with the tabulation process persisted. Finally, with the United States' entrance into World War I in 1917, the U.S. Census Bureau became a source of even more valuable purpose: the Census was able to use population and economic data to report on the populations of draft-age men, as well as information regarding each state's industrial capabilities.
U.S. Census Bureau
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, 1910.
U.S. Department of Commerce
The Fourteenth United States Census records for Brevard County, Flagler County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County, Osceola County, Seminole County, and Volusia County, Florida for 1920. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white" and "black"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who are foreign born are further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the population categorized by age, school attendance, race, and literacy. The census also collected information on agriculture and on manufacturing. The Census of 1920 changed the date of Census Day from April 15th to January 1st, as requested by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which argued that farmers' memories and harvest information would be more accurate on this day. The U.S. Census Bureau was also authorized to hire additional employees at its headquarters in Washington, D.C., and to create a special field force to collect census data. The legislation authorizing the 1920 Census also allowed for a census of manufacturing to be conducted in 1921, and for such a census to be repeated every two years thereafter, as opposed to the traditional five-year census cycle. Furthermore, a census of agriculture and livestock was to be conducted in 1925 and to be repeated every 10 years thereafter. In addition, penalties for those who refused to supply information or those who supplied false information were strengthened. As a result of these changes, the censuses of population, manufacturing, and agriculture and livestock became increasingly independent of one another. The "usual place of abode," the location where residents regularly slept, instead of where they worked or were visiting, became the new basis for enumeration in the 1920 Census. Those with no permanent or regular residence were listed as residents of the location that they were enumerated at. Enumeration related to institutional inmates, and dependent, defective, and delinquent classes were also modified. Unlike the previous census, the 1920 Census did not have inquiries related to unemployment, to Union or Confederate Army or Navy service, to the number of children born, or to the length of time that a couple had been married. The Census of 1920, however, did include four additional questions: one regarding year of naturalization and three regarding native languages. Issues also arose as a result of changes in international boundaries following World War I, particularly for persons declaring birth or parental birth in Austria-Hungary, Germany, Russia, or Turkey. In response, enumerators were required to ask said persons for their province, state, or region of birth. Enumerators were not required to ask individuals how to spell their names, nor were respondents required to provide proof of various pieces of information. Race was determined by the enumerator's impressions.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, 1920.
The Fifteenth United States Census records for Brevard County, Flagler County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County, Osceola County, Seminole County, and Volusia County, Florida, for 1930. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white" and "black"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who are foreign born are further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the population categorized by age, family size (as well as rural families vs. urban families), family radio ownership, marital status, school attendance, and literacy. The census also collected information on agriculture, on manufacturing, and on unemployment. The act authorizing the 1930 Census was approved on June 18, 1929, allowing for censuses of population, agriculture, irrigation, draining, distribution, unemployment, and mining. For the first time, specific questions for inquiry were left to the discretion of the Director of the Census. The Census encompassed each state, as well as the District of Columbia, Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. The Governors of Guam, American Samoa, the Virginia Islands, and the Panama Canal Zone were responsible for conducting censuses in their respective territories. Between the date that the census act was passed and Census Day (April 1st), the stock market crashed, plunging the entire country into the Great Depression. In response, there were public and academic requests for access to unemployment data collected in the 1930 Census; however, the U.S. Census Bureau was unable to meet this demand and the bureau was accused of presenting unreliable data. Congress required a special unemployment census for January 1931, which ultimately confirmed the severity of the economic crisis. Another unemployment census was conducted in 1937, as mandated by Congress. Because this special census was voluntary, it allowed the Census Bureau to experiment with statistical sampling. Only two percent of households received a special census questionnaire.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, 1930.
The Sixteenth United States Census records for Brevard County, Flagler County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County, Osceola County, Seminole County, and Volusia County, Florida for 1940. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white" and "black"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who were foreign born were further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the population categorized by age, primary and secondary school attendance, and college attendance. The census also collected information on agriculture, on manufacturing, on commerce, on unemployment, and on labor. Congress authorized the 1940 Census in August 1939, providing the Director of the Census the additional authority to conduct a national census of housing in each state, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Alaska. The housing census was conducted separately, though enumerators often collection housing information at the same time that they collected population information. The Census of 1940 was the first time that the U.S. Census Bureau used advanced statistical techniques. In particular, the census used probablity sampling, which had only previously been tested in a trial census of unemployment conducted the Civil Works Administration during 1933-1934, in surveys of retail stores in the 1930s, and in an official sample survey of unemployment conducted amongst two percent of American households in 1937. Probability sampling allowed for the inclusion of additional demographic questions without increasing the burden on the collection process or on data processing. Moreover, sampling the U.S. Census Bureau was able to publish preliminary returns eight months before tabulations were completed. Likewise, the census increased its number of published tables, and was also able to complete data processing with higher quality and more efficiency. New census questions focused on employment, unemployment, internal migration, and incomes—reflecting on the concerns of the Great Depression, the country's housing stock, and the need for public housing programs.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, 1940.
The Seventeenth United States Census records for Brevard County, Flagler County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County, Osceola County, Seminole County, and Volusia County, Florida, for 1950. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white" and "black"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. The census then lists the population categorized by age, marital status, primary and secondary school attendance, and college attendance. The census also collected information on agriculture, on unemployment, and on labor. The Census of 1950 encompassed every state, Alaska, Hawaii, American Samoa, the Panama Canal Zone, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and other small American territories. For the first time, the U.S. Census Bureau enumerated Americans living abroad to account for members of the Armed Forces, vessel crew members, and government employees residing in foreign countries. The Department of Defense (DOD), the Department of State (DOS), the Maritime Administration (MARAD), and several other federal agencies were responsible for distributing and collecting census questionnaires in a cooperative effort. Persons living abroad for reasons other than what is listed above had their census information reported by families or neighbors residing in the United States, but such data was criticized as unreliable and were not published in official statistics. The 1950 Census also included a new survey on residential financing collected separately on a sample basis from owners of owner-occupied properties, rental properties, and mortgage lenders. The accuracy of the new census was increased by improved enumerator training, the use of detailed street maps for enumerators, the publication of "Missed Person" forms in local newspapers, and the designation of a specific night to conduct a special enumeration of transient individuals. Moreover, a post-enumeration survey was conducted to further verify the accuracy of the original enumeration. A sample of approximately 3,500 small areas was compared to the original census data to identify households that may have been omitted initially. Likewise, a sample of approximately 22,000 households were re-interviewed to identify persons omitted in the original enumeration count. Though not used for the 1950 Census, the UNIVersal Automatic Computer I (UNIVAC I), the first non-military computer, was used to tabulate some of the statistics for the 1954 census of economy. In August of 1954, Congress codified various census statutes, such as the Fifteenth Census Act of 1929, authorizing the decennial census and other census.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, 1950.
U.S. Department of Defense
U.S. Department of State
U.S. Maritime Administration
The Eighteenth United States Census records for Brevard County, Flagler County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County, Osceola County, Seminole County, and Volusia County, Florida, for 1960. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white", "black", "Japanese", "Chinese", "Filipino", and "other"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who are foreign born are further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the population categorized by age, military service, transportation use, primary and secondary school attendance, and college attendance. The census also collected information on labor and on unemployment. The Census of 1960 was the first to be mailed to respondents. The U.S. Post Office Department delivered census questionnaires to households, the head of household was required to complete the questionnaire, and an enumerator was to pick it up. The enumeration process was divided into two stages: first, select data for each person and dwelling unit was collected; and second, more detailed economic and social data was collected from a sample of households and dwelling units. The census questionnaires for the second stage were hand-delivered by enumerators as they were collecting data from the first stage. Households receiving the second census questionnaire were to complete the form and mail it to their local census office. Twenty-five percent of the population was giving additional sample questions. Because of the increased use of sampling, less populated areas were prone to sampling variation; however, this did not significantly decrease the usefulness of census statistics gathered. Moreover, increased use of sampling reduced data processing costs. Additional questions included in the 1960 Census were related to places of work and means of transportation to work. By 1960, nearly all census data was processed using computers. The U.S. Census Bureau used a Film Optical Sensing Device for Input to Computer (FOSDIC) for the first time, thus decreasing the amount of time and money required for data input.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, 1960.
The Nineteenth United States Census records for Brevard County, Flagler County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County, Osceola County, Seminole County, and Volusia County, Florida, for 1970. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white," "black," "Spanish," and "other"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who are foreign born are further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the population categorized by marital status, type of residence, military service, primary and secondary school attendance, and college attendance. The census also collected information on labor, on unemployment, on transportation, and on ownership of various types of technology. In 1966, the U.S. Census Bureau sought suggestions from advisory committees and from the public, resulting in numerous proposals for additional inquiries related to the scope and structure of the census, as well as in public interest for the publication of additional census data. Researchers also concluded that the 1950 Census and the 1960 Census had undercounted certain segments of the population. Moreover, they noted a growing distrust of government activity and increased resistance to responding to the census. Simultaneously, both the public and private sectors expressed need for accurate information. The U.S. Census Bureau decreased its number of questions from 66 to 23 in an effort to simplify its products. A register for densely populated areas was also created to ensure that all housing units were accounted for. A Spanish-language questionnaire was also enclosed with census questionnaires in areas with a significant amount of Spanish-speaking households. Additionally, a question on Hispanic origins or descent was asked independently from race, but only on a five-percent sample. Only five questions were given to all individuals: relationship to household head, sex, race, age, and marital status. Additional questions were asked in smaller sample groups. This was also the first census in which respondents of urban areas were asked to mail their forms to the Census Bureau, rather than to hold questionnaires for enumerators. Address Coding Guides were used to assign census geographic codes to questionnaires. Counts, a series of computer tape files, was an additional innovation used to increase the accuracy of census data. Count 1 consisted of complete count data for block groups and/or enumeration districts. Count 2 contained census tracts and minor civil/census county divisions, while Count 3 consisted of census blocks. Counts 4-6 provided sample census data for geographic areas of various population sizes. The Census Bureau also produced six Public Use Microdata Sample files, each of which contained complete information for a sample of approximately two million people. Finally, the Census Bureau developed the Summary Tape Processing Center Program, which was a group of organizations, both public and private, that processed census data from computer tapes.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, 1970.
The Twentieth United States Census records for Brevard County, Flagler County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County, Osceola County, Seminole County, and Volusia County, Florida for 1980. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white," "black," "American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut," "Asian and Pacific Islander," "Spanish," "Mexican American," "Puerto Rican American," "Cuban American," "Other Spanish American," "Chinese American," "Japanese American," "Filipino American," "Korean American," "Asian Indian American," "Vietnamese American," "Hawaiian American," "Guamanian American," and "Samoan American"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who are foreign born are further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the population categorized by marital status, type of residence, military service, primary and secondary school attendance, and college attendance. The census also collected information on labor, on unemployment, and on transportation. Due to the success of the 1970 Census' mail-out/mail-back questionnaire, the program was expanded for the Census of 1980 to include approximately 95 percent of the population. The short-form questionnaire for this census contained seven questions related to population and 11 questions related to housing; whereas the long-form questionnaire included 26 questions on population and 10 questions on housing. A question regarding Spanish or Hispanic origin, separate from race inquires, was used in all questionnaires due to its success in a five-percent sample for the 1970 Census. Two surveys were included in the new census: the Components of Inventory Change Survey, making inquiries regarding the number and characteristics of housing units that either changed or remained the same between 1973 and 1980; and the Residential Finance Survey, which collected information on mortgages, shelter costs, housing characteristics, and owner characteristics. The U.S. Census Bureau's Census Publicity Office, established in 1978, directed an extensive public service advertising campaign focusing on public awareness of the census and encouraging individuals to participate. A special effort was made to enumerate groups that have historically been undercounted in previous censuses: "M-Night" focused on counting individuals in homeless shelters, soup kitchens, bus and railway stations, and dormitories; "T-Night" focused on the enumeration of hotels and motels with permanent residents. The State Data Center Program was established to simplify public access to census data via computer tapes. The Census Bureau was to provide free copies of electronic and printed census information and products to each state; in return, the state agreed to develop a network of affiliated organizations, such as state executive departments, chambers of commerce, councils of government, university research departments, and libraries, by which census information would be housed for public access. All states had joined the program by the middle of the decade. Despite various technological and procedural advances, the U.S. Census undercounted the national population, as it typically did in previous censuses. The African-American population had an estimated net undercount rate that was 3.7 percentage points higher than the rate for all other races combined. Various cities and states, beginning with the City of Detroit, filed suit against the U.S. Census Bureau, demanding that statistical adjustment be used to compensate for census estimates that had been omitted or improperly counted. In the Fall of 1980, the Bureau announced that it would not adjust its population totals because it was unable to determine the number and distribution of illegal aliens and other undercounted groups. A federal district court ruled in favor of the City of New York and the State of New York that same year, ordering the Census Bureau to correct its numbers. The U.S. Supreme Court stayed this ruling, as well as other similar rulings, in December of 1980, which allowed the Bureau to report its figures to the President unadjusted. In 1987, a federal appeals court ruled that the census figures should not be adjusted because the Census Bureau's decision not to adjust the figures was not arbitrary nor capricious.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, 1980.
The Twenty-First United States Census records for Brevard County, Flagler County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County, Osceola County, Seminole County, and Volusia County, Florida, for 1990. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white," "black," "American Indian, Eskimo, or Aleut," "Asian or Pacific Islander," "other," "Hispanic," "Mexican," "Puerto Rican," "Cuban," "Other Hispanic," "Dominican," "Central American Hispanic," "Guatemalan," "Honduran," "Nicaraguan," "Panamanian," "Salvadorian," "Other Central American Hispanic," "South American Hispanic," "Columbian," "Ecuadorian," "Peruvian," "Other South American Hispanic," "Chinese," "Japanese," "Filipino," "Korean," "Asian Indian," "Vietnamese," "Cambodian," "Laotian," "Thai," and "Other Asian"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who are foreign born are further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the population categorized by marital status and military service. The census also collected information on labor, on unemployment, on energy usage, and on transportation. For the 1990 Census, the U.S. Census Bureau utilized extensive user consultation prior to enumeration in order to refine both long and short form census questionnaires. The short form consisted of 13 questions and was given to the entire population. The long form asked 45 questions and was given to a 20-percent sample. The long form included topics related to marital history, carpooling, residence, residential elevators, and energy usage. Unlike the 1980 Census, the new census eliminated questions regarding air conditioning, the number of bathrooms in a residence, and the type of heating equipment used. A vast advertising campaign was marketed to increase public awareness of the census via public television, radio, and print media. Like the previous census, the Census of 1990 made a special effort to enumerate groups that have historically been undercounted in previous censuses called "S-Night": individuals in homeless shelters, soup kitchens, bus and railway stations, and dormitories (enumerated separately in the 1980 Census on "M-Night"); and permanent residents in hotels and motels (enumerated separately in the 1980 Census on "T-Night"). Following legal issues filed in response to the 1980 Census regarding statistical readjustment of undercounted areas, the Census Bureau initiated a post-enumeration survey (PES), in which a contemporaneous survey of households would be conducted and compared to the census results from the official census. In a partial resolution of a 1989 lawsuit filed by New York plaintiffs, the U.S. Department of Commerce agreed to use the PES to produce population data that had been adjusted for the projected undercount and that said data would be judged against the unadjusted data by the Secretary of Commerce's Special Advisory Panel (SAP). The Census of 1990 also introduced the U.S. to the Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing System (TIGER), which was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Census Bureau. TIGER used computerized representations of various map features to geographically code addresses into appropriate census geographic areas. It also produced different maps required for census data collection and tabulation. Five years earlier, the Census Bureau became the first government agency to publish information on CD-ROM. For the 1990 Census, the bureau made detailed census data, which had previously been only available to organizations with large mainframe computers, accessible to any individual with a personal computer. Census data was also available in print, on computer tape, and on microfiche. Using two online service vendors, DIALOG and CompuServe, the Census Bureau also published select census data online. As with previous censuses, the 1990 Census undercounted the national population, and again, the African-American population had an estimated net undercount rate that was significantly higher than the rate for other races. In July of 1991, the Secretary of Commerce announced that he did not find evidence in favor of using adjusted counts compelling—despite SAP's split vote on the issue—and chose to use unadjusted totals for the official census results. In response, the New York plaintiffs resumed the lawsuit against the U.S. Department of Commerce. A federal district court ruleded in favor of the DOC in April of 1993. The U.S. Court of Appeals, however, rejected the previous court ruling and ordered that the case be reheard by the federal district court. In March of 1996, the U.S. Supreme Court finally ruled in favor of the Secretary of Commerce's decision to use the unadjusted census date, but did not rule on the legality or constitutionality of the use of statistical adjustment in producing apportionment counts.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, 1990.
The Twenty-Second United States Census records for Brevard County, Flagler County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County, Osceola County, Seminole County, and Volusia County, Florida, for 2000. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white alone," "black," "American Indian and Alaska Native," "Asian," Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander," "other race," "two or moreraces," "Hispanic," "Mexican," "Puerto Rican," "Cuban," "Dominican," "Central American," "Costa Rican," "Guatemalan," "Honduran," "Nicaraguan," "Panamanian," "Salvadoran," "Other Central American," "South American," "Argentinean," "Bolivian," "Chilean," "Columbian," "Ecuadorian," "Paraguayan," "Peruvian," "Uruguayan," "Venezuelan," "Other South American," "Spaniard," "Asian Indian," "Bangladeshi," "Cambodian," "Chinese," "Filipino," "Hmong," "Indonesian," "Japanese," "Korean," "Laotian," "Malaysian," "Pakistani,""Sri Lankan," "Taiwanese," "Vietnamese," and "other Asian"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who are foreign born are further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the population categorized by marital status, type of residence, military service, primary and secondary school attendance, and college attendance. The census also collected information on labor, on unemployment, on energy usage, and on transportation. For the Census of 2000, the short form consisted of only seven questions, while the long form consisted of 52 questions and was used for a 17-percent sample of the population. For the first time, race questions were not limited to a single category; rather, respondents were able to check multiple boxes. A new question related to grandparents as caregivers was also mandated by legislation passed in 1996. Disability questions were expanded to including hearing and vision impairments, as well as learning, memory, and concentration disabilities. The 2000 Census also eliminated questions related to children born, water sources, sewage disposal, and condominium status. In addition, the 2000 Census was the first in which the Internet was used as the principal medium for the dissemination of census information. Summary Files were available for download immediately upon release and individual tables could be viewed via American FactFinder, the Census Bureau's online database. Files were also available for purchase on CD-Rom and DVD. Due to declining questionnaire mail-back rates, the U.S. Census Bureau marketed a $167 million national and local print, television, and public advertising campaign in 17 different languages. The campaign successfully brought the mail-back rate up to 67 percent. Additionally, respondents receiving the short form were given the option of responding via the Internet. Telephone questionnaire assistance centers available in six languages also took responses via the phone. Statistical sampling techniques were utilized in two ways: first, to alter the traditional 100-percent personal visit of non-responding households during the non-response follow-up (NRFU) process instead by following up on a smaller sample basis; second, the sampling of 750,000 housing units matched to housing unit questionnaires obtained from mail and telephone responses, as well as from personal visits. The goal of the latter was to develop adjustment factors for individuals estimated to have been missed or duplicated and to correct the census counts to produce one set of numbers. This "one-number census" would correct for net coverage errors called Integrated Coverage Measurement (ICM). Both of these measures were taken in an attempt to avoid repetition of the litigation costs generated by the 1980 Census and the 1990 Census. Despite these efforts, two lawsuits—one filed by the U.S. House of Representatives—were filed in February 1998 challenging the constitutionality and legality of the planned uses of sampling to produce apportionment counts. Both cases were decided in favor of the plaintiffs in federal district courts, but the U.S. Department of Commerce made appeals to the U.S. Supreme Court. Known as the U.S. Department of Commerce v. the U.S. House of Representatives, the Court ruled that the Census Bureau's plans to use statistical sampling for purposes of congressional apportionments violated the Census Act. The bureau revised its plan, stating that it would produce statistically adjusted data for non-apportionment uses of census data information, such as redistricting. However, in March of 2001, the Census Bureau recommended against the use of adjusted census data for redistricting due to accuracy concerns; the Secretary of Commerce determined that the unadjusted data would be released as the bureau's official redistricting data. The Director of the Census Bureau also rejected to the use of adjusted data for non-redistricting purposes in October of that same year.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Bureau, 2000.
The Sixth United States Census population records for Mosquito County (including present-day Volusia, Brevard, Indian River, St. Lucie, Martin, Seminole, Osceola, Orange, Lake, Polk, and Palm Beach counties) for 1840. The Census Act of 1840 was signed into law on March 3, 1839 and later amended on February 26, 1840. This piece of legislation established a centralized census office during each enumeration. Congress designated the census questionnaire designs to the Secretary of State. However, each household received inquiries regarding "the pursuits, industry, education, and resources of the country" and included questions related to school attendance, literacy, and vocation.
U.S. Census Office
Original census data by the U.S. Census Office, 1840.
The Seventh United States Census records for Orange County (including present-day Seminole County and part of Lake County and Osceola County) and Marion County for 1850. The census divides the population by race ("White" vs. "Black") and gender. The "Black" population is further divided into slaves and "free blacks." The population is also divided by out-of-state origin and foreign origin. Finally, the census collected information on agriculture, including number of farms, cash value of farms, acres of improved land of farms, acres of unimproved land of farms, and value of livestock. In March of 1849, Congress pass legislation that established a census board consisting of the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, and the Postmaster General. The board was responsible for preparing and printing forms and schedules for enumeration related to population, mining, agriculture, commerce, manufacturing, education, etc. The 1850 Census also increased population inquiries to include every free person's name (as opposed to just the head of the household), as well as information on taxes, schools, crime, wages, estate values, etc.
Original census data by the U.S. Census Office, 1850.
The Eighth United States Census records for Brevard County (including present-day St. Lucie County), Marion County, Orange County (including present-day Seminole County and parts of present-day Lake and Osceola counties), and Volusia County (including present-day Flagler County), Florida, for 1860. The census divides the population by race ("white" and "colored"), gender, and native-born vs. foreign-born. The census also documented the number of slaves and slaveholders. The census collected information on agriculture and on manufacturing. The Census Act of 1850 authorized the U.S. Census of 1860 and stipulated that its provisions be adhered to for all future decennial censuses should no new legislation be passed by the first of the year of said census. In May of 1865, the U.S. Census Office was abolished and many superintending clerks were transferred to the General Land Office.
General Land Office
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Office and the General Land Office, 1860.
U.S. Department of the Interior
The Ninth United States Census records for Brevard County (including present-day St. Lucie County), Marion County, Orange County (including present-day Seminole County and parts of present-day Lake and Osceola counties), and Volusia County (including present-day Flagler County), Florida, for 1870. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white" and "colored"), native-born vs. foreign-born, and state-born vs. territory-born. Those born outside of Florida are then divided by state or country of origin. This census also collected information on agriculture and on manufacturing. Although the 1870 Census was conducted under the provisions of the Census Act of 1850, a new act was passed on May 6, 1870. The new census legislation required two changes in procedures related to questionnaire return submission dates. Moreover, penalties for refusing to reply to inquires were expanded to apply to all questions and questionnaires. The questionnaires themselves had to be redesigned due to the end of the "slave questionnaire," as slavery had been formally abolished slavery nationwide via the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. This left five schedules for the census: General Population, Mortality, Agriculture, Products of Industry, and Social Statistics. In addition, Charles W. Seaton, a U.S. Census Office chief clerk and later superintendent, invented a rudimentary tallying machine that partially alleviated the difficulties of tallying and tabulating questionnaire responses. Finally, the new superintendent for the Ninth Census, General Francis A. Walker (1840-1897), introduced employment examinations to test the qualifications of applicants to the Census Office, allowing for increased efficiency in the process of collecting census data.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Office, 1870.
The Tenth United States Census records for Brevard County (including present-day St. Lucie County), Marion County, Orange County (including present-day Seminole County and parts of present-day Lake County, Osceola County, and Volusia County), and Volusia County (including present-day Flagler County), Florida, for 1880. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white", "colored", and "Indian"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those born outside of Florida are then divided by state or country of origin. The census also collected information on agriculture and on manufacturing. The newest act authorizing the Census of 1880 provided for supervision of enumeration by "supervisors of the census," selected exclusively for the collection of census data. All supervisors, as well as the superintendent, were to appointed by the President and approved by the Senate. Census enumerators were required to personally visit each household and family within his subdivision. The new census act also allowed for the collection of data related to the condition and operation of railroad corporations, incorporated express companies, and telegraph companies, as well as data related to the condition and operation of life, fire, and marine insurance companies. Corporations who refused to provide the census with "true and complete" answers were subject to fines. In addition, the census superintendent was required to collect and publish data on the population, industries and resources of the District of Alaska. Finally, the 1880 Census consisted of five schedules: Population, Mortality, Agriculture, Social Statistics, and Manufacturing.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Office, 1880.
The Eleventh United States Census records for Brevard County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County (including present-day Seminole County), Osceola County, and Volusia County (including present-day Flagler County), Florida, for 1890. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white," "black," "Chinese," and "civilized Indian"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who are foreign born are further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the number of teachers and students by county, further dividing teachers and students by gender and race ("white" and "colored"). The census also collected information on agriculture and on manufacturing. The Census of 1890 was authorized by an act modeled after the 1880 enumeration and signed into law on March 1, 1889. The 1890 Census was supervised by 175 employees and enumerators were required to collect all information by personally visiting each household. The 1890 Census included essentially the same inquiries from the 1880 Census, with some notable additions, such as questions about home and farm ownership and indebtedness; and the names, units, length of service, and residences of former Union soldiers and sailors, as well as the names of the widows of those who were no longer alive. Racial categorization was expanded to include "Japanese," along with "Chinese," "Negro," "mulatto," "quadroon," "octoroon," and "White." Herman Hollerith (1860-1929), a former employee of the U.S. Census Office, invented the electric tabulating system, which was widely used in the 1890 Census, allowing data to be processed faster and more efficiently. On October 3, 1893, Congress passed a law that transferred census-related work to the direction of the commissioner of labor. Congress passed another act on March 2, 1895, effectively abolishing the U.S. Census Office and transferring the remaining responsibilities to the Office of the Secretary of the Interior.
Office of the Secretary of the Interior
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Office and the Office of the Secretary of the Interior, 1890.
The Twelfth United States Census records for Brevard County, Lake County, Marion County, Orange County (including present-day Seminole County), Osceola County, and Volusia County (including present-day Flagler County), Florida, for 1900. The census divides the population by gender, race ("white" and "black"), and native-born vs. foreign-born. Those who are foreign born are further divided by country of origin. The census then lists the illiterate population categorized by age, race, and gender. The census also collected information on agriculture and on manufacturing. Congress limited the Census of 1900 to content related to population, mortality, agriculture, and manufacturing. Special census agents were authorized to collect statistics related to incidents of deafness, blindness, insanity, and juvenile delinquency; as well as data on religious bodies, utilities, mining, and transportation. The act authorizing the 1900 Census designated the enumeration of military personally to the U.S. Department of War and the U.S. Department of the Navy, while Indiana Territory was to be enumerated by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Annexed in 1898, Hawaii was included in the census for the first time. In 1902, the U.S. Census Office was officially established as a permanent organization within the U.S. Department of the Interior. The office became the U.S. Census Bureau in 1903 and was transferred to the Department of Commerce and Labor.
Original census data collected by the U.S. Census Office and the U.S. Census Bureau, 1900.
U.S. Department of Commerce and Labor
Population Census for New York City, Borough of Manhattan, 1905
The Population of the United States Census for Manhattan, New York, New York, for 1905. The census divides the population by categories of
sex, race, age, marital status, number of children, occupation, literacy, whether they owned or rented, farm or house, if they were a Civil War veteran, and whether they were blind, deaf or dumb. A question was added regarding the place of birth and mother tongue of foreign-born persons and their parents. If foreign born, the person was required to provide the year they immigrated, whether they were naturalized and if they were able to speak English. A notable resident listed in this record is Max Blum. Born in 1895, Blum and his family lived on East 45th Street in Manhattan. His parents immigrated to the United States from Germany in the late nineteenth century. His father, Edward Blum, worked as a butcher, and his mother, Tobina Blum, was a housewife. His brother, Joseph, worked as a jeweler’s apprentice. And his brother, Robert, worked as a printer’s helper. Blum served in the United States Army during World War I. His military service began in July of 1918, and he served in the Quartermaster Corps until April of 1919. After his military service, he had a career as a window trimmer and continued to live in New York. Later in life, he moved to Leesburg, Florida, where he was active in Veterans organizations. Blum passed away in 1989 and is buried at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Digital reproduction of original census record, June 01, 1905.
The index of marriages for California for 1951. A notable person listed in this record is Frieda M. Wond and her husband, Conrad H. Lambrecht. Born on August 31, 1913, in Gelsencherkin, Germany, Lambrecht immigrated with her family to the United States in 1926, and naturalized in November 1929. She enlisted in the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC) on February 24, 1945, and worked in Army general hospitals. In 1951, while still serving in the WAAC, she married Conrad Lambrecht, a Warrant Office in the United States Army. Lambrecht died on April 4, 1995, and is buried in the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Contra Costa County Municipal Services
Digital reproduction of original index of marriages.
A newspaper article published in The Hartford Courant, on September 19, 1963. The article describes a dozen employees of the New Departure Division of General Motors reaching their 25 years of service. The workers' length of service qualified them for engraved watches or clocks. A notable person included in the article is Paul Waldron Hardy (1904-1989). Born on December 30, 1904, in Boise, Idaho, Paul Waldron Hardy (1904-1989) was 14 years old when World War I ended. Two years later, Hardy lied about his age in order to enlist on September 23, 1920, at the age of sixteen. He served three years in the United States Army before being honorably discharged on September 23, 1923. On March 17, 1923, Hardy married Margaret Agnes Bryant. By 1930, the couple have five children: Margaret R. (1924), Anna (1925), Paul Jr. (1926), Hazel (1928), and Dorothy (1929). The family remained in Hartford, Connecticut, until Paul retired from General Motors on September 6, 1965. The couple retired in Bushnell, Florida, until Paul passed away on April 12, 1989. He was laid to rest in the newly opened Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell on April 17, 1989. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
The Hartford Courant
Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: "Dozen Reach 25th Year at New Departure." The Hartford Courant, September 19, 1963.
According to its website, "The Hannibal Square Heritage Center represents a first-of-a-kind experience in Central Florida where the history of a community is told by members of the community itself through The Heritage Collection: Photographs and Oral Histories of West Winter Park, The Hannibal Square Timeline, which chronicles significant local and national events in civil rights and African-American history, and public art installations and educational programs that explore the African-American experience, southern folklore and cultural preservation. The center also features a Visiting Exhibition Series. The exhibitions and programs held at the center weave the stories of this unique and proud neighborhood together with African-American history and experience in general. Visitors to the Heritage Center are moved by the immediate, personal stories of the people of west Winter Park and the Hannibal Square community by the beautiful and accessible presentation of the historical information and artwork. Adults as well as children can experience the first-person accounts and pictures collected from memories and shoe boxes stored for generations under the beds of the people who share their stories. The Hannibal Square Heritage Center inspires all visitors to become more aware of, respect, explore, and participate in their own community's history and heritage."
Crealdé School of Art
Hannibal Sqaure Heritage Center 642 West New England Avenue Winter Park, Florida 32789
City of Winter Park
U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Employment Secruity Farm Labor Contractor Certificate of Registration No. 4-05-5631-71-R
Farm labor contractor certificate for Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) issued by William N. Norwood, Jr. of the U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Employment Security on March 9, 1971. The certificate authorized Pilgrim Black for migrant labor. At the time that the certificate was issue, Pilgrim resided at 1101 East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. His date of birth was listed as April 2, 1907, but he was actually born in 1905. The certificate also identified Pilgrim as a 5'9" person weighing 155 pounds with black hair and brown eyes. Pilgrim Black was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula Mae Haynes Black were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Wayne County in Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca.1870-ca.1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Loui Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age eleven in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18n years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek, New York, instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to thirty workers at once, which he accepted. While in Sanford, Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940- ); Lula Yvonne Black (1942- ); Charles Samuel Black (1945- ); Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947- ), and Patricia Ann Black (1956- ).
U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Employment Security
Original certificate by U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Employment Security, 1971: Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black.
License to Practice Midwifery for Carrie Jones
A License to Practice Midwifery, issued by the Florida State Board of Health, certifying the completion of midwifery requirements by Carrie Jones. The certificate was issued in Sanford, Florida, on July 23, 1943, and signed by Dr. Lucille J. Marsh, the Director of the Bureau of Maternal and Child Health. Jones originally served as a midwife at Fernald-Laughton Memorial Hospital, located at 500 South Oak Avenue in Sanford. Along with her daughter, Marie Jones Francis, Jones co-founded the Jones-Francis Maternity Hall, located at 621 East Sixth Street in Georgetown, an historic African-American neighborhood in Sanford.
Florida State Board of Health
Original license, July 23, 1943: Florida State Board of Health, Jacksonville, Florida: Private Collection of Daphne F. Humphrey.
License to Practice Midwifery for Marie Jones Francis
A License to Practice Midwifery, issued by the Florida State Board of Health Department, certifying the completion of midwifery requirements by Marie Jones Francis. The certificate was issued in Sanford, Florida, on May 27, 1943, and signed by Dr. Lucille J. Marsh, the Director of the Bureau of Maternal and Child Health. Marie Jones Francis, the "midwife of Sanford," left behind a successful hotel and restaurant she owned in Sarasota in 1942 to return to Sanford and become a midwife. World War II caused a shortage in doctors and nurses, so Florida's Children's Bureau sent Francis to Florida A & M to acquire her practical nursing license in 1945. She specialized in premature babies and returned to Sanford to aid her mother, Carrie Jones, at Fernald-Laughton Memorial Hospital before they opened the ward in their home. "When her health starting failing," she recollects in a newspaper article, "I took over." Francis converted her house at 621 East Sixth Street to also serve as a maternity ward, where she delivered over 40,000 babies over her 32 year career. She became a midwife in the same vein as her mother, Carrie Jones, and together they ran the Jones-Francis Maternity Hall in Georgetown. Francis served her community in several ways. She delivered babies for both white and black families from Seminole County, primarily patrons who either preferred natural births or could not afford deliveries at a hospital. In the 1950s, it cost $70 to stay nine days where soon-to-be mothers were taken care of. Francis was assisted by her sister, Annie Walker, who did the cooking. The house and ward also served as a school, where Marie Francis taught nurses the art of midwifery. Nurses would come from across the state to learn how to delivery infants naturally. A heavy burden on a single working mother, Marie Francis had three daughters, Cassandra Clayton, Daphne Humphrey, and Barbara Torre. Clayton and Humphrey became school teachers and Torre became a purchaser at Seminole Memorial Hospital.
Original license, May 27, 1943: Florida State Board of Health, Jacksonville, Florida: Private Collection of Daphne F. Humphrey.
A planning document for a display at the Orange County Regional History Center in Orlando, Florida. The exhibition, entitled "Pride, Prejudice and Protest", chronicles the history of the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender community, sharing the progress and setbacks of the Central Florida LGBTQ+ community over the past five decades. The planning document is divided into three columns: Text, Theme and Image or Artifact.
GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Inc.
Original color planning document: GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Inc., Orlando, Florida.
Orange County Regional History Center, Orlando, Florida
The city directory for Fort Lauderdale, Florida, for 1956. This public record served to provide an alphabetical list of citizens by head of household, their address, and relevant occupational information. A spouse’s name is listed next to the head of household. Death dates of those who have been previously listed in the directory, names of employers, and information about migration to other towns are also included. A notable individual listed is Everett Farrar. Farrar was born in St. Louis, Missouri, on September 19, 1920. Completing high school around 1940, Farrar worked as a grocery clerk during the Great Depression and enlisted in the United States Navy in 1942, after Pearl Harbor. Farrar was assigned to the 62nd Naval Construction Battalion. He provided vital construction and infrastructure repair after the attack on Pearl Harbor, and eventually airfield construction at Iwo Jima in 1945. Farrar later moved to Florida with his wife, Neva, whom he married in 1945. By 1957, Farrar worked for a large realtor in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. He passed away on May 20, 1996, and is buried in Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
City of Fort Lauderdale
A page from the Benjamin Franklin High School Yearbook in Rochester, New York, in 1940. The page contains images of the students with their names, home addresses, and clubs and organizations they participated in. A notable student listed is Richard H. Vaisey (1924-1996). Born on October 18, 1924, in Rochester, New York, Vaisey completed three years of high school before enlisting in the United States Army at the age of eighteen in November 1942. Vaisey served on a mortar squadron in the Southwest Pacific Ocean during World War II. He was discharged on January 11, 1946, and returned home to Rochester, where he worked as a lineman for Rochester Gas and Electric. He retired to Venice, Florida, where he passed away on December 28, 1996. He is memorialized at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Benjamin Franklin High School
Benjamin Franklin High School, Rochester, New York
General Electric Radio from Associated Radio Store
A General Electric Radio purchased from the Associated Radio Store, located at 149 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida. Before the advent of television, radio served as a major source of communication and entertainment. In 1885, Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894) discovered that electricity could be sent through electromagnetic waves. This discovery would aid ships in communicating with each other when out at sea, rather than using pigeons and flags. Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) would further this research by transmitting electromagnetic energy wirelessly in 1893. In 1897, Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937) patented his own radio device and created a wireless radio transmission company. In 1901, he sent the first transatlantic signal, which was sent from Ireland and reached Canada.
General Electric
Original radio: Orlando Remembered Exhibit, Regions Bank, Orlando, Florida.
Associated Radio Store, Downtown Orlando, Florida
General Federation of Women's Clubs Certificate of Membership for the Oviedo Woman's Club
A certificate of membership in the General Federation of Woman's Clubs (GFWC) for the Oviedo Woman's Club (OWC). The certificate was issued on November 26, 1923, and signed by GFWC President Alice Ames Winter and GFWC secretary Lonese T. Hays. The Oviedo Woman's Club was founded in 1906 as the Oviedo Magazine Club by seven charter members: H. B. McCall, Edith Meade, Georgia Lee Wheeler, Lillian Lee Lawton, Mattie Aulin Wheeler, Milcah Yonge, and Mary King. The first clubhouse was constructed in 1914 and also served as Oviedo's first library. In 1916, the club joined the FFWC and officially changed its name to the Oviedo Woman's Club. In 1923, the woman's club was federated under the umbrella of the GFWC. A new clubhouse was built in 1961 on property donated by R. L. Croom, a former member, which is located at 414 King Street. The Oviedo Woman's Club is involved in many civic projects, including the annual Great Day in the Country Arts and Crafts Festival, the Spring Fundraiser, Tasting Luncheons, and Celebrate Spring Teas.
General Federation of Women's Clubs
Original certificate, November 26, 1923: Private Collection of Beatrice Gestrich.
Oviedo Woman's Club
The Goldenrod Historical Society, located at 4755 Palmetto Avenue in Goldenrod, Florida, was established on October 17, 1984. On August 11, 2000, the society began the development of the Goldenrod Station and Museum, which is housed in the former Goldenrod Fire Station. The Grand Opening was held on October 6, 2001. The fire station is available as a community center for rent and also houses the Goldenrod Chamber of Commerce.
Goldenrod Historical Society & Museum
Goldenrod Historical Society & Museum 4755 Palmetto Avenue Goldenrod, Florida 32792
Goldenrod Historical Society & Museum, Goldenrod, Florida
The Goldsboro Historical Museum is located at 1211 Historic Goldsboro Boulevard in the Goldsboro community of Sanford, Florida. The museum highlights this heritage with exhibits about Goldsboro as a city and as a part of Sanford. Exhibits focus on the people, schools, churches, and businesses of Goldsboro. The museum is open Tuesday-Friday 1:00-5:00 PM. Admission is free.
Goldsboro Historical Museum
Goldsboro Historical Museum 1211 Historic Goldsboro Boulevard Sanford, Florida 32771
Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex
According to its website, the organization's vision statement is "To develop a national civil rights resource and tourist center incorporating the latest technology and information management systems. To form cooperative working relationships with academic, corporate and cultural institutions throughout the nation and the world to link the historical trail of the early civil rights pioneers and their effect on communities both large and small."
Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex, Inc.
Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex 2180 Freedom Avenue Mims, Florida 32754
A video simulation of the Cocoa Beach Glass Bank as it appear in 1963. The video was produced by the Institute for Simulation & Training and the College of Arts & Humanities at the University of Central Florida. Also known as the First Federal Savings and Loan Building, construction for the Cocoa Beach Glass Bank began in 1960 and was completed in 1961. The First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Cocoa officially opened the following year. The Sky Room Restaurant also opened in 1962, but closed in 1963. In 1963, construction on the external Express Elevator began and Ramon's Rainbow Room opened. Ramon's closed in 1970 and was replaced by Marby's Rainbow Room that same year. Marby's, which was not replaced by a new restaurant, closed in 1972. The First Federal Savings and Loan Association was acquired by the First FA in 1983. Reliance Bank occupied the banking facilities on the first floor from 1985 to 1995, when the name was changed to Huntington Bank. In 2004, the lower portion of the building had no tenants. Demolition of the building was approved in 2014 and the building was razed the following year.
Institute for Simulation & Training
UCF College of Arts & Humanities
Original 2-minute and 11-second video: "Cocoa Beach Glass Bank in 3D."
Cocoa Beach Glass Bank, Cocoa Beach, Florida
Proclamation declaring May 20, 1995, Bataan-Corregidor Day in Kissimmee, Florida. The city holiday was established to honor the thousands of Americans and Filipinos who fought for the Allied Powers at the Battle of Bataan and the Battle of Corregidor during World War II. The proclamation was signed by Mark E. Durbin, the city manager of Kissimmee, on May 16, 1995. The proclamation was created to correspond with the official dedication of the Bataan-Corregidor Memorial, located on the corner of East Monument Avenue and Lakeshore Boulevard at Lakefront Park. The Battle of Bataan lasted from January 7 to April 9, 1942, and marked the most vital phase of the Empire of Japan's invasion of the Philippines during World War II. The United States defended the Commonwealth of the Philippines, but ultimately the battle resulted in the largest surrender in both American and Filipino military history. The forced transfer of 60,000-80,000 Filipino and American prisoners of war (POWs), known as the Bataan Death March, began on April 9. The POWs were subjected to physical abuse and murder. An estimated 2,500 to 10,000 POWs died before reaching Camp O'Donnell. After Bataan fell, organized opposition against Imperial Japan in the Philippines became decimated. The Battle of Corregidor was waged on May 5 and 6 and resulted in another American-Filipino defeat. This event marked the fall of both the Philippines and Asia to Imperial Japan. American and Filipino forces were able to recapture the island in 1945 and the Bataan Death March was declared a war crime following the end of World War II.
City of Kissimmee
Original city proclamation, May 16, 1995: City of Kissimmee Archives, Kissimmee, Florida.
Bataan-Corregidor Memorial, Lakefront Park, Kissimmee, Florida
Mariveles, Bataan, Central Luzon, Philippines
Camp O'Donnell, Capas, Tarlac, Philippines
According to its website, "The Lake Mary Historical Museum exists to preserve and promote the history of the city and the surrounding area. Efforts to maintain and enhance the museum are accomplished by members of the Lake Mary Historical Society and other volunteers. The museum houses a collection of artifacts, photographs, documents and other materials related to the history of Lake Mary and the surrounding communities. The artifacts housed in the museum have either been donated or are on permanent or temporary loan."
Lake Mary Historical Society
Lake Mary Historical Museum 158 North Country Club Road Lake Mary, Florida 32746
Mississippi A&M (now Mississippi State University) Yearbook
A page from the Mississippi A&M (now Mississippi State University) yearbook around 1917. The page features the the yearbook's name, The Reveille, along with a list of seven Junior classmen with their majors and their photographs. A notable student pictured is Alexander Miguel Roberts, who appears in the last photograph in the left column. Born on October 13, 1895 in Mexico City, Mexico, Roberts grew up in both Gulfport, Mississippi, and Havana, Cuba, traveling between the two cities. Roberts enlisted in the aviation branch of the United States Army when the United States entered World War I. His plane was shot down over Belgium and he was captured on his first mission. Roberts worked as a pilot during the interwar years. He was drafted in 1942 and was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel. He served as an official aide and aviation advisor to the United States Army. He died in Tampa, Florida, on July 23, 1988, and is buried at the Florida National Cemetery. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.
Mississippi A&amp
Mississippi A&M, Starkville, Mississippi
A Tribute Recognizing Creative Sanford, Inc.
A certificate awarded by the Florida House of Representatives to Creative Sanford, Inc. on June 23, 2011. This award recognizes the accomplishments, work, and awards received by Creative Sanford. Some of the achievements cited include the Celery Soup production Touch and Go, the 2011 Cultural Preservation Award, and the completion and transcription of over 100 oral histories. The document is signed by Chris Dorworth, the Florida State Representative for District 34. Creative Sanford, Inc. is a non-profit organization created to manage Celery Soup community theater productions. The original idea for the Celery Soup project came from Jeanine Taylor, the owner of a folk-art gallery on First Street in Sanford, Florida. Their first production was Touch and Go, a play focusing on the people of Sanford and their determination to overcome various obstacles, including the Freeze of 1894-1895, the fall of Sanford's celery industry, and the closing of Naval Air Station (NAS) Sanford in the 1960s. Richard Geer and Jules Corriere, partners from Community Performance International, were in charge of assessing oral histories, converting them into scenes for the play, and writing original songs. Director Geer also used an all-volunteer cast from the local community, many of whom were not experienced actors. In the process of producing the show, Creative Sanford decided to rehabilitate an historic building, the Princess Theater, which is located on 115 West First Street and owned by Stephen Tibstra. The Creative Sanford offices are housed in the Historic Sanford Welcome Center, located at 203 East First Street.
Florida House of Representatives
Chris Dorworth
Original 8.5 x 14 inch certificate, June 23, 2011: Florida House of Representatives, Tallahassee, Florida: Creative Sanford, Inc., Historic Sanford Welcome Center, Sanford, Florida.
Prime Crew of the Tenth Manned Apollo Mission
A pre-launch publicity photograph of the crew of Apollo 16. This mission was the 10th manned Apollo mission and it was the fifth to put astronauts on the Moon. Apollo 16 launched from Launch Complex 39A at John F. Kennedy Space Center in Merritt Island, Florida, on April 16, 1972 and returned on April 27. Photographed from left to right are Command Module Pilot Ken Mattingly (1936-), Mission Commander John Young (1930-), and Lunar Module Pilot Charles Duke (1935-).
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Original color photographic print: Private Collection of Dr. Calvin D. Fowler.
John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida
Apollo 17 Crew with Lunar Rover Trainer and Saturn V
A pre-launch publicity photograph of the crew of Apollo 17 on September 30, 1971. This mission was the 11th manned Apollo mission, the sixth to put astronauts on the Moon, and the final mission of Project Apollo. Apollo 17 launched from Launch Complex 39A at John F. Kennedy Space Center in Merritt Island, Florida, on December 7, 1972, and returned on December 19. Photographed, from left to right, is Command Module Pilot Ronald Evans (1933-1990), Lunar Module Pilot Harrison Schmitt (1935-), and Mission Commander Eugene Cernan (1934-).
Original color photographic print, September 30, 1971: Private Collection of Dr. Calvin D. Fowler.
Launch Complex 39A, John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida
Apollo 8's Saturn V launch vehicle lifting off from Launch Complex 39A at John F. Kennedy Space Center in Merritt Island, Florida, on December 21, 1968. Apollo 8 was the first manned spacecraft to leave Earth's orbit and the first to orbit another celestial body, the Moon. The spacecraft would was manned by Mission Commander Frank Borman (1928-), Lunar Module Pilot William Anders (1933-), and Command Module Pilot Jim Lovell (1928-). Apollo 8 returned to Earth on December 27.
Original color photographic print, December 21, 1968: Private Collection of Dr. Calvin D. Fowler.
A view of Earth from Apollo 8, the first manned spacecraft to leave Earth's orbit and the first to orbit another celestial body, the Moon. Apollo 8 launched from Launch Complex 39A at John F. Kennedy Space Center in Merritt Island, Florida, on December 21, 1968.. The spacecraft would was manned by Mission Commander Frank Borman (1928-), Lunar Module Pilot William Anders (1933-), and Command Module Pilot Jim Lovell (1928-). Apollo 8 returned to Earth on December 27.
Original color photographic print, December 1968: Private Collection of Dr. Calvin D. Fowler.