19 100 5102 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3cfd32ae56af5046002e0fe563a90f93.jpg 27602dcd9727e3ff3a30a0723ab9c744 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Weeki Wachee Collection Alternative Title Weeki Wachee Collection Description Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947. At the time, roadside attractions were becoming popular stops along Florida roadways. The attraction consisted of an amalgamation of vendors, an orchid garden, a river boat tour, as well as the star attraction: a mermaid show that took place in an underwater theater. Eventually, the May Museum of the Tropics, an "abandoned Seminole village", a show called “Birds of Prey”, and a petting zoo were added. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history. Subject Weeki Wachee (Fla.) Weeki Wachee Springs (Fla.) Tourism--Florida Springs--Florida Parks--Florida Contributor Schumacher, Elmer "Sparky" Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/63" target="_blank">Hernando County Collection</a>, RICHES. Language eng Type Collection Spatial Coverage Weeki Wachee Springs, Spring Hill, Florida Curator Schwandt, Rebecca Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html" target="_blank">History of Weeki Wachee Springs</a>." Weeki Wachee Springs State Park. http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html. Pelland, Maryan, and Dan Pelland. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67516850" target="_blank">Weeki Wachee Springs</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005. Vickers, Lu, and Bonnie Georgiadis. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780478262" target="_blank">Weeki Wachee Mermaids: Thirty Years of Underwater Photography</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012. Contributing Project Rebecca Schwandt's Thesis Project Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from Dorothy Gray, Ltd. Publicity Director Mayreen Logan to Weeki Wachee Mermaid Rebecca Stahlhut Thanking Her for Modeling Their Products Alternative Title Letter of Thanks from a Representative of Dorothy Gray, Ltd. To Weeki Wachee Mermaid Rebecca Stahlhut, 1975 Subject Weeki Wachee Springs (Fla.) Tourism--Florida tourism & museum Tourism--1960-1980 Ballet--1970-1980 Mermaids--Florida--Weeki Wachee--History Theater--20th century Description Letter written by Dorothy Gray, Ltd. Publicity Director Maureen Logan to Weeki Wachee Mermaid Rebecca Stahlhut (later Rebecca Young). The letter was written on April 24, 1975. In the letter Maureen thanks Rebecca for modeling Dorothy Gray products, and lets Rebecca know that Dorothy sent the mermaids a bunch of their products as a thank you. Dorothy Gray was a company that sold skin care products and makeup. In the years after ABC purchased Weeki Wachee Springs and grew the attraction, many makeup, swimsuit, and swimwear products partnered with Weeki Wachee Springs to advertise their brands. Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947. At the time, roadside attractions were becoming popular stops along Florida roadways. The attraction consisted of an amalgamation of vendors, an orchid garden, a river boat tour, as well as the star attraction: a mermaid show that took place in an underwater theater. Eventually, the May Museum of the Tropics, an "abandoned Seminole village", a show called “Birds of Prey”, and a petting zoo were added. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history. Abstract Letter Type Still Image Source Original letter of thanks from Dorothy Gray, Ltd. to Rebecca Stahlhut, April 24, 1975: Private Collection of Rebecca Young. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/63" target="_blank">Weeki Wachee Collection</a>, RICHES. Coverage Weeki Wachee Springs State Park, Spring Hill, Florida Creator Logan, Maureen Dorothy Gray, Ltd. Publisher <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> Date Created 1975-04-24 Date Copyrighted 1975-04-24 Format image/jpeg Extent 96.3 MB Medium 8.5 x 11 Letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Humanitites Teacher Visual Arts Teacher Theater Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Rebecca Young and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Florida Humanities Council Community Grant Program and Friends of Weeki Wachee Springs State Park Curator Schwandt, Rebecca Source Repository Private Collection of Rebecca Young. External Reference Allman, T.D. Finding Florida: The True History of the Sunshine State. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2013. Ammidown, Margot. “Edens, Underworlds, and Shrines: Florida’s Small Tourist Attractions.” The Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts 23, (1998): 238-259. Georgiadis, Bonnie and Lu Vickers. Weeki Wachee Mermaids. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012. Hollis, Tim. Glass Bottom Boats and Mermaid Tails: Florida’s Tourist Springs. Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books, 2006. Pelland, Dan and Maryan Pelland. Images of America: Weeki Wachee. Mount Pleasant: Arcadia Publishing, 2006. Revels, Tracy J. Sunshine Paradise: A History of Florida Tourism. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2011. Vickers, Lu. Weeki Wachee City of Mermaids: A History of One of Florida’s Oldest Roadside Attractions. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2007. Is Format Of Digital Reproduction of letter: Letter of Thanks from Dorothy Gray, Ltd. to Rebecca Stahlhut, April 24, 1975. Scanned by RICHES Team. RICHES, Orlando, Florida. Provenance Originally created by Dorothy Grey Ltd., owned by Rebecca Young, and published by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a>. ballet Brooksville Florida tourism mermaids Rebecca Schwandt Rebecca Stahlhut Rebecca Young roadside attractions roadside tourism tourist attraction Weeki Wachee Springs Weeki Wachee Springs State Park https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/47bdd3eca8a06d38c055f5d3d20558a1.jpg c496d076727ab3bcfbff5a0b527b069e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sanford State Farmers' Market Collection Description The Sanford State Farmers' Market Collection contains images of the market's history and its significance to local and state agriculture. The Sanford State Farmers' Market was founded in 1934 in order to provide a central location in which farmers would sell their produce directly to consumers. The idea for the Sanford State Farmers' Market was devised by Fred Dorner and Gus Schmach, both members of the Seminole Agricultural Club. The Sanford Chamber of Commerce president Harry Papworth also contributed to the development of the market. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) authorized construction plans on June 11, 1934. On June 20, 1934, the City of Sanford donated a portion of the Alex V. French properties to the Florida State Marketing Board, which selected the northwest corner of French Avenue and Thirteenth Street. The board approved the installation of telegraph and telephone equipment, as well as a three-pump filling station. The Sanford State Farmer's Market opened on December 18, 1934. By 1939, the Farmers' Market was bringing a total volume of business of $627,065.81. In 1941, business volume reached over $700,000. On April 4, 1957, a fire destroyed the building and caused damages estimated at $2.5 million. Reconstruction began almost immediately and the Farmers' Market was expected to re-open by the fall of 1957. In 1991, plans were created to restore, preserve, and convert the citrus packing house into a museum. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> <a href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a> Alternative Title Sanford Farmers' Market Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Farmers' markets--Florida Agriculture--Florida Farming Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Cenral Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford State Farmers' Market, Sanford, Florida Curator Marra, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Sheffield, Glenn. "<a href="http://www.hmdb.org/Marker.asp?Marker=52232" target="_blank">Sanford State Farmers' Market</a>." The Historical Marker Database. http://www.hmdb.org/Marker.asp?Marker=52232. Lewis, L. H. <a title="Florida State Farmers' Markets" href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00015016" target="_blank">Florida State Farmers' Markets</a>. Tallahassee, Florida: State of Florida Department of Agriculture, 1955. http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00015016. Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1403385" target="_blank">Florida State Farmers Markets:...Annual Report</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Board, 1945-, 1945. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a title="Sanford" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. "<a title="Sanford: a Brief History" href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=48" target="_blank">Sanford: a Brief History</a>." City of Sanford Florida. http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=48. Bishop, Katherine. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3576018" target="_blank">Sanford Now and Then: An Official Project of the Greater Sanford Chamber of Commerce, Commemorating the Incorporating of the City of Sanford, 1877</a>. 1976. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 typed manuscript Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The State Farmers Market Alternative Title The State Farmers Market Subject Sanford (Fla.) Farmers' markets--Florida Description History of the Sanford State Farmers' Market, as written by local resident Mary Leffler Long in the 1950s. The Sanford State Farmers' Market, located at 1300 South French Avenue, was founded in 1934 in order to provide a central location in which farmers would sell their produce directly to consumers. The idea for the Sanford State Farmers' Market was devised by Fred Dorner and Gus Schmach, both members of the Seminole Agricultural Club. Sanford Chamber of Commerce president Harry M. Papworth also contributed to the development of the market. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) authorized construction plans on June 11, 1934. On June 20, 1934, the City of Sanford donated a portion of the Alex V. French properties to the State Marketing Board, which selected the northwest corner of French Avenue and Thirteenth Street. The board approved the installation of telegraph and telephone equipment, as well as a three-pump filling station. The Sanford State Farmer's Market opened on December 18, 1934. By 1939, the Farmers' Market was bringing a total volume of business of $627,065.81. In 1941, business volume reached over $700,000. On April 4, 1957, a fire destroyed the building and caused damages estimated at $2.5 million. Reconstruction began almost immediately and the Farmers' Market was expected to re-open by the fall of 1957. In 1991, plans were created to restore, preserve, and convert the citrus packing house into a museum. Creator Long, Mary Leffler Source Original manuscript: Long, Mary Leffler. Sanford on the St. John's, page 155-156: <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Date Created ca. 1950 Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original manuscript: Long, Mary Leffler. Sanford on the St. John's, page 155-156. Format image/jpg Extent 629 KB Medium 1 typed manuscript Language eng Type Text Coverage Sanford State Farmers' Market, Sanford, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.799832, -81.27338 Temporal Coverage 1934-01-01/1947-12-31 Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mary Leffler Long. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Mary Leffler Long and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1403385" target="_blank">Florida State Farmers Markets:...Annual Report</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Board, 1945-, 1945. Lewis, L. H. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/10264262" target="_blank">Florida State Farmers' Markets</a>. Tallahassee, Fla: State of Florida Dept. of Agriculture, 1955. http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00015016. Sheffield, Glenn. "<a href="http://www.hmdb.org/Marker.asp?Marker=52232" target="_blank">Sanford State Farmers' Market</a>." The Historical Marker Database. http://www.hmdb.org/Marker.asp?Marker=52232. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Bishop, Katherine. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3576018" target="_blank">Sanford Now and Then: An Official Project of the Greater Sanford Chamber of Commerce, Commemorating the Incorporating of the City of Sanford, 1877</a>. 1976. Transcript THE STATE FARMERS MARKET The Farmer's Market was the "brain child" of Mr. Fred Dorner, a former citizen, and Mr. Gus Schmach, both of whom were active in the old Seminole Agricultural Club, whose activities were later merged with those of the Farm Bureau. It is a state project. Mr. Harry Papworth, at that time president of the local Chamber of Commerce, was very active in its establishment, often advancing payrolls to take care of initial work for which he was always reimbursed. Mr. Alec[sic] French and his wife deeded to the city the north end of the former French family orange grove on French Avenue and 13th Street as a location. The market came into existence in 1934. J. G. Michaels served as its first manager and remained in office seven years, until he moved to Jacksonville to serve as an officer of the State Market Bureau. Mr. H. J. Lehman succeeded him, serving for nine years, until his sudden death in the Fall of 1948. Mrs. Edith Dutton, the efficient secretary who had served seven years, acted as temporary manager until Sandy Anderson was appointed to take over the management. The object of the market is to create a ready sale for farm products. It handles fifty-five varieties of fruit, vegetables, etc. About 148 trucking firm buy and sell, operating trucks throughout the sate as well as in other areas. Every stall is rented, and many firms have built warehouses nearby. Barber shop restaurants, and filling stations occupy space on the grounds, one of the business spots in this vicinity during the Winter season. The market is constantly enlarging and growing in volume. During the season of 1947-48 1,544,662 units of Florida produce were handled; also 159,264 out of state units, making a total of 1,705,926 altogether. This represents a turnover of $3,071,942.28, against the previous year, 1946-47 when a total of 1,185,370 units were handled, representing $2,308,018.93. 13th Street Anderson, Sandy chamber of commerce Dorner, Fred F. Dutton, Edith Farm Bureau farmers’ market farming filling station Florida State Market Bureau French Avenue French, Alex fruits Lehman, H. J. Long, Mary Leffler Michaels, J. G. Papworth, Harry M. produce restaurant Sanford Sanford on the St. John's Sanford State Farmers' Market Schmach, Gus Seminole Agricultural Club Thirteenth Street vegetables https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3b0a6b57873c8297fb85cb2320be6e1e.jpg 5d1d7b4bb51667f6bde818102d2fa8e0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Twelfth Census Population for Waltham Ward, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, 1900 Alternative Title Census, 1900 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Description The Twelfth United States Census records for Waltham City, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, for 1900. The census divides the population by sex, race, age, marital status, number of children, occupation, literacy, whether they owned or rented, farm or house. The census also states a resident's place of birth, and birthplace of their mother and father. If foreign born, the person provided the year they immigrated, whether they were naturalized and if they spoke English. A notable resident listed in this record is Mary Sutherland. Born on November 1, 1895, in Watertown, Massachusetts, Sutherland later moved to Palm Bay, Florida. Sutherland joined the US Navy on September 3, 1918 as a Yeoman F 1st Class. Sutherland returned from serving in the Navy just in time to be able to vote for the first time. She had three children, John, Richard, and Marilyn, as well as thirteen grandchildren and six great-grandchildren. Sutherland died September 28, 1988, and was laid to rest in Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Frost Lorcl, June 9, 1900. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Waltham, Massachusetts Creator Lorcl, Frost <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created 1900-06-09 Format image/jpg Extent 1.32 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Frost Lorcl and the <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Ortiz, Samuel Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov//">National Archives and Records Administration</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. 1900 United States Census Bushnell census records Florida National Cemetery Frost Lorcl literacy Mary Gilligan Mary Sutherland military history military service national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration population United States Navy veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War I World War, 1914-1918 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3a3a8831758f0b501aece0f9ec58643a.jpg 3f6c3068262483e92759488edbb3514f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sky Lake Collection Alternative Title Sky Lake Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Description Sky Lake is a residential community and unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida. It is located approximately seven miles south of Downtown Orlando between Lancaster Road and Sand Lake Road. The community was developed in late 1950s and 1960s by Hymen Lake. Houses originally sold in the range of $10,000 to $15,000. In the 1970s, Sky Lake became one of the first housing developments to be racially integrated. The community was originally proposed to include one thousand homes within the middle of the square mile block and a ring of commercial developments along the perimeter. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sky Lake, Florida Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://pinecastlehistory.org/" target="_blank">Pine Castle Historical Society</a> External Reference Mormino, Gary R. 2002. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544029021" target="_blank">Sunbelt Dreams and Altered States: A Social and Cultural History of Florida, 1950-2000</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly. 81, no. 1: 3-21. Arsenault, Raymond. "The End of the Long, Hot Summer: The Air Conditioner and Southern Culture." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1782314" target="_blank">Journal of Southern History</a> Vol. 50, no. 4 (November, 1984): 597-628. Staeheli, Lynn A. and Don Mitchell. "USA’s Destiny? Regulating Space and Creting Community in American Shopping Malls." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37915650" target="_blank">Urban Studies</a> Vol. 43, nos 5/6 (May 2006): 977-992. Dietrich, T. Stanton. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4683014" target="_blank">The Urbanization of Florida's Population: An Historical Perspective of County Growth, 1830-1970</a>. Gainesville, FL: Bureau of Economic and Business Research, University of Florida, 1978. Rome, Adam Ward. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44594084" target="_blank">The Bulldozer in the Countryside: Suburban Sprawl and the Rise of American Environmentalism</a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 black and white photograph Physical Dimensions 8 x 10 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sky Lake, 1963 Alternative Title Sky Lake Subject Orlando (Fla.) Housing--Florida Description A southwest view of Sky Lake, Florida, in 1963. Sky Lake is a residential community and unincorporated area in Orange County, Florida. It is located approximately seven miles south of Downtown Orlando between Lancaster Road and Sand Lake Road. The community was developed in late 1950s and 1960s by Hymen Lake. Houses originally sold in the range of $10,000 to $15,000. In the 1970s, Sky Lake became one of the first housing developments to be racially integrated. The community was originally proposed to include one thousand homes within the middle of the square mile block and a ring of commercial developments along the perimeter. Type Still Image Source Original 8 x 10 inch black and white photograph by Jack Lord, January 19, 1963: <a href="http://pinecastlehistory.org/" target="_blank">Pine Castle Historical Society</a>, Pine Castle, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/179" target="_blank">Sky Lake Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 8 x 10 inch black and white photograph by Jack Lord, January 19, 1963. Coverage Sky Lake, Florida Creator Lord, Jack Contributor Lake, Harriett Date Created 1963-01-19 Date Submitted 155 KB Format image/jpg Medium 8 x 10 inch black and white photograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Jack Lord. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Jack Lord and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Barnes, Mark Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://pinecastlehistory.org/" target="_blank">Pine Castle Historical Society</a> External Reference Tracy, Jane. "<a href="http://dc.ocls.info/memory/image/harriett-and-hymen-lake" target="_blank">Harriett and Hymen Lake</a> .'" Orlando Memory, March 11, 2014, http://dc.ocls.info/memory/image/harriett-and-hymen-lake. homes houses housing neighborhoods orlando residential developments Sky Lake https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f52cf65543f26288ff05171942f4c3fd.jpg bedcbdf820ea04f2bd2e3336360f16bb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Art Legends of Orange County Collection Alternative Title Art Legends Collection Subject Art--Southern States Artists--Florida Contributor <a href="http://www.polasek.org/" target="_blank">Albin Polasek Museum & Sculpture Gardens</a> <a href="http://www.orangecountyfl.net/" target="_blank">Orange County Commission Chambers</a> <a href="http://www.cityoforlando.net/arts/" target="_blank">City of Orlando Gallery</a> <a href="http://www.orlandoslice.com/group/cityartsfactory" target="_blank">CityArts Factory</a> <a href="http://artandhistory.org/" target="_blank">Art & History Museums - Maitland</a> <a href="http://www.rollins.edu/cornell-fine-arts-museum/" target="_blank">Cornell Fine Arts Museum</a> <a href="http://www.crealde.org/" target="_blank">Crealdé School of Art</a> <a href="https://thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://www.omart.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Museum of Art</a> <a href="http://gallery.cah.ucf.edu/">University of Central Florida Art Gallery</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Eldora, Florida Gainesville, Florida Lake Wales, Florida Maitland, Florida Orlando, Florida Sanford, Florida Winter Park, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a>." Art Legends of Orange County. http://www.artlegendsoc.org/. Description Although visual art had been explored in Central Florida, Orange County’s visual arts community truly came alive during the years of 1932-1982, thanks to the vision of 20 distinguished artists and arts leaders. Their influence not only helped build a solid foundation for the local art community but some of Orange County’s local Art Legends significantly influenced modern American Art. To recognize the leadership and celebrate the accomplishments of these arts visionaries, arts administrators from 11 Orange County museums and galleries joined forces and shared collections to create the Art Legends of Orange County initiative. This community-wide collaboration runs throughout the 2015-2016 arts season and includes more than 15 exhibitions and events. Art Legends of Orange County celebrates 20 distinguished artists and patrons who helped build Orange County’s vibrant cultural landscape. Art Legends of Orange County full exhibition schedule and link to virtual exhibition available at <a href="http://www.ArtLegendsOC.org" target="_blank">www.ArtLegendsOC.org</a>. Visit RICHES™ of Central Florida at <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/artlegends">https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/artlegends</a> for virtual exhibition. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Steve Lotz, 2005 Alternative Title Steve Lotz Subject Lotz, Steve Artists--Florida Art--Southern States Painters--Southern States Painting--Florida Educators--Florida Teachers--Florida Florida Technological University University of Central Florida Orlando (Fla.) Description A self portrait of Steve Lotz in 2005. Lotz received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from the University of California, Los Angeles and his Master of Fine Arts from the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Lotz became an instructor of art at the Florida Technological University (present-day University of Central Florida) in Orlando in 1968, and served as the chairman of the Art Department for its first 10 years. He retired as a Professor Emeritus in 2003. As head of the department, Lotz was integral in establishing the success of the University's visual arts programs. Steve Lotz is an internationally-recognized artist with solo exhibitions of his work held throughout the U.S., Europe, and the Caribbean, and he is represented in numerous public and private collections. His best known work in Central Florida is the monumental triptych, Florida Dream, which has been on view in the main terminal of the Orlando International Airport since it was commissioned in 1981. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Steve Lotz: <a href="http://www.omart.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Museum of Art</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.omart.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Museum of Art</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/155" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Steve Lotz. Coverage Florida Technological University, Orlando, Florida University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Creator Lotz, Steve Date Created 2005 Format image/jpg Extent 331 KB Medium 1 color photograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Steve Lotz. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Steve Lotz and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.omart.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Museum of Art</a> External Reference Mathers, Sandra. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1999-05-02/news/9904300881_1_lotz-gretchen-surreal-paintings" target="_blank">A Couple Of Artists Share Their Journey Through Life: The Two Are Familiar Figures In The Cultural Community. They Recently Exhibited Their Work At The University</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, May 2, 1999. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1999-05-02/news/9904300881_1_lotz-gretchen-surreal-paintings. art artist college education educator Florida Technological University FTU painter painting professor school Steve Lotz teacher UCF university University of Central Florida https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7d730077d1236871b3aa3543bfa10cbf.jpg d32ec65aa498ed7ddfe2d412c07b9659 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Art Legends of Orange County Collection Alternative Title Art Legends Collection Subject Art--Southern States Artists--Florida Contributor <a href="http://www.polasek.org/" target="_blank">Albin Polasek Museum & Sculpture Gardens</a> <a href="http://www.orangecountyfl.net/" target="_blank">Orange County Commission Chambers</a> <a href="http://www.cityoforlando.net/arts/" target="_blank">City of Orlando Gallery</a> <a href="http://www.orlandoslice.com/group/cityartsfactory" target="_blank">CityArts Factory</a> <a href="http://artandhistory.org/" target="_blank">Art & History Museums - Maitland</a> <a href="http://www.rollins.edu/cornell-fine-arts-museum/" target="_blank">Cornell Fine Arts Museum</a> <a href="http://www.crealde.org/" target="_blank">Crealdé School of Art</a> <a href="https://thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://www.omart.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Museum of Art</a> <a href="http://gallery.cah.ucf.edu/">University of Central Florida Art Gallery</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Eldora, Florida Gainesville, Florida Lake Wales, Florida Maitland, Florida Orlando, Florida Sanford, Florida Winter Park, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a>." Art Legends of Orange County. http://www.artlegendsoc.org/. Description Although visual art had been explored in Central Florida, Orange County’s visual arts community truly came alive during the years of 1932-1982, thanks to the vision of 20 distinguished artists and arts leaders. Their influence not only helped build a solid foundation for the local art community but some of Orange County’s local Art Legends significantly influenced modern American Art. To recognize the leadership and celebrate the accomplishments of these arts visionaries, arts administrators from 11 Orange County museums and galleries joined forces and shared collections to create the Art Legends of Orange County initiative. This community-wide collaboration runs throughout the 2015-2016 arts season and includes more than 15 exhibitions and events. Art Legends of Orange County celebrates 20 distinguished artists and patrons who helped build Orange County’s vibrant cultural landscape. Art Legends of Orange County full exhibition schedule and link to virtual exhibition available at <a href="http://www.ArtLegendsOC.org" target="_blank">www.ArtLegendsOC.org</a>. Visit RICHES™ of Central Florida at <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/artlegends">https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/artlegends</a> for virtual exhibition. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 79 x 70 inch painting Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Genesis II by Steve Lotz Alternative Title Genesis II by Steve Lotz Subject Lotz, Steve Artists--Florida Art--Southern States Painters--Southern States Painting--Florida Description Genesis II, a painting created by Steve Lotz in 1998. Lotz received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from the University of California, Los Angeles and his Master of Fine Arts from the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Lotz became an instructor of art at the Florida Technological University (present-day University of Central Florida) in Orlando in 1968, and served as the chairman of the Art Department for its first 10 years. He retired as a Professor Emeritus in 2003. As head of the department, Lotz was integral in establishing the success of the University’s visual arts programs. Steve Lotz is an internationally-recognized artist with solo exhibitions of his work held throughout the U.S., Europe, and the Caribbean, and he is represented in numerous public and private collections. His best known work in Central Florida is the monumental triptych, Florida Dream, which has been on view in the main terminal of the Orlando International Airport since it was commissioned in 1981. Type Still Image Source Original 79 x 70 inch painting: Lotz, Steve. Genesis II, 1998: <a href="http://www.ninthcircuit.org/about/courthouses/orange-county-courthouse" target="_blank">Orange County Courthouse</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.ninthcircuit.org/about/courthouses/orange-county-courthouse" target="_blank">Orange County Courthouse</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/155" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 79 x 70 inch painting: Lotz, Steve. Genesis II, 1998. Coverage Orlando, Florida Creator Lotz, Steve Date Created 1998 Format image/jpg Extent 9.79 KB Medium 79 x 70 inch painting Language eng Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Visual Arts Teacher Provenance Originally created by Steve Lotz. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Steve Lotz and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.ninthcircuit.org/about/courthouses/orange-county-courthouse" target="_blank">Orange County Courthouse</a> External Reference Mathers, Sandra. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1999-05-02/news/9904300881_1_lotz-gretchen-surreal-paintings" target="_blank">A Couple Of Artists Share Their Journey Through Life: The Two Are Familiar Figures In The Cultural Community. They Recently Exhibited Their Work At The University</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, May 2, 1999. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1999-05-02/news/9904300881_1_lotz-gretchen-surreal-paintings. art artist Genesis II painter painting Steve Lotz https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/37190da4dfbf1af1e76f3ece65bacd54.jpg 1b987d996788aae00f4e5fb7436746ff Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Art Legends of Orange County Collection Alternative Title Art Legends Collection Subject Art--Southern States Artists--Florida Contributor <a href="http://www.polasek.org/" target="_blank">Albin Polasek Museum & Sculpture Gardens</a> <a href="http://www.orangecountyfl.net/" target="_blank">Orange County Commission Chambers</a> <a href="http://www.cityoforlando.net/arts/" target="_blank">City of Orlando Gallery</a> <a href="http://www.orlandoslice.com/group/cityartsfactory" target="_blank">CityArts Factory</a> <a href="http://artandhistory.org/" target="_blank">Art & History Museums - Maitland</a> <a href="http://www.rollins.edu/cornell-fine-arts-museum/" target="_blank">Cornell Fine Arts Museum</a> <a href="http://www.crealde.org/" target="_blank">Crealdé School of Art</a> <a href="https://thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://www.omart.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Museum of Art</a> <a href="http://gallery.cah.ucf.edu/">University of Central Florida Art Gallery</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Eldora, Florida Gainesville, Florida Lake Wales, Florida Maitland, Florida Orlando, Florida Sanford, Florida Winter Park, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a>." Art Legends of Orange County. http://www.artlegendsoc.org/. Description Although visual art had been explored in Central Florida, Orange County’s visual arts community truly came alive during the years of 1932-1982, thanks to the vision of 20 distinguished artists and arts leaders. Their influence not only helped build a solid foundation for the local art community but some of Orange County’s local Art Legends significantly influenced modern American Art. To recognize the leadership and celebrate the accomplishments of these arts visionaries, arts administrators from 11 Orange County museums and galleries joined forces and shared collections to create the Art Legends of Orange County initiative. This community-wide collaboration runs throughout the 2015-2016 arts season and includes more than 15 exhibitions and events. Art Legends of Orange County celebrates 20 distinguished artists and patrons who helped build Orange County’s vibrant cultural landscape. Art Legends of Orange County full exhibition schedule and link to virtual exhibition available at <a href="http://www.ArtLegendsOC.org" target="_blank">www.ArtLegendsOC.org</a>. Visit RICHES™ of Central Florida at <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/artlegends">https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/artlegends</a> for virtual exhibition. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 70.5 x 80 inch acrylic painting Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Garden of Proteus by Steve Lotz Alternative Title Garden of Proteus by Steve Lotz Subject Lotz, Steve Artists--Florida Art--Southern States Painters--Southern States Painting--Florida Description Garden of Proteus, an acrylic painting created by Steve Lotz in 2005. Lotz received his Bachelor of Fine Arts from the University of California, Los Angeles and his Master of Fine Arts from the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Lotz became an instructor of art at the Florida Technological University (present-day University of Central Florida) in Orlando in 1968, and served as the chairman of the Art Department for its first 10 years. He retired as a Professor Emeritus in 2003. As head of the department, Lotz was integral in establishing the success of the University’s visual arts programs. Steve Lotz is an internationally-recognized artist with solo exhibitions of his work held throughout the U.S., Europe, and the Caribbean, and he is represented in numerous public and private collections. His best known work in Central Florida is the monumental triptych, Florida Dream, which has been on view in the main terminal of the Orlando International Airport since it was commissioned in 1981. Type Still Image Source Original 70.5 x 80 inch acrylic painting: Lotz, Steve. Garden of Proteus, 2005: Private Collection of Steve Lotz. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.omart.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Museum of Art</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/155" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 70.5 x 80 inch acrylic painting: Lotz, Steve. Garden of Proteus, 2005. Coverage Orlando, Florida Creator Lotz, Steve Date Created 2005 Date Copyrighted 2005 Format image/jpg Extent 33 KB Medium 70.5 x 80 inch acrylic painting Language eng Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Visual Arts Teacher Provenance Originally created by Steve Lotz. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Steve Lotz and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Steve Lotz External Reference Mathers, Sandra. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1999-05-02/news/9904300881_1_lotz-gretchen-surreal-paintings" target="_blank">A Couple Of Artists Share Their Journey Through Life: The Two Are Familiar Figures In The Cultural Community. They Recently Exhibited Their Work At The University</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, May 2, 1999. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1999-05-02/news/9904300881_1_lotz-gretchen-surreal-paintings. acrylic painting art artist Garden of Proteus painter painting Steve Lotz https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/05fd6033d40e1b9ee99c9702f7d794f4.pdf d1f9f2c7084861b5903c3d718e16a8dc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Chase Collection Description Select images, correspondence, and other records from the Chase Collection (MS 14) at Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. According to the biographical sketch in the collection's finding aid: "The story of the Chases in Florida began in 1878 when Sydney Octavius Chase (1860-1941), having read about orange groves in Scribner's Magazine, came to Florida from Philadelphia. His brother, Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948), joined him in 1884 and together they formed Chase and Company that year. The Chase brothers came to Florida at the right time for Florida citrus and at the right time for them as investment entrepreneurs. Strong family ties in the North provided them with financial backing for their ventures. Joshua left Florida in 1895 to work in the California citrus industry. He returned to Florida in 1904 and rejoined his brother. Another brother, Randall, remained in Philadelphia and augmented his brothers' finances when convenient. Sydney and Joshua were also important civic leaders who took part in community development, most notably in the City of Sanford. Both were elected to the Sanford city commission. They also supported the development of Rollins College, worked with the Florida Historical Society, and were the benefactors of numerous charities. Chase and Company began as an insurance company and branched out to storage facilities and fertilizer sales. The latter was the beginning of the company's lucrative agricultural supply division which remained in operation throughout the existence of the company. Although citrus was the primary interest, the company also invested in other agricultural pursuits including celery in central Florida, tung oil production in Jefferson County, and winter vegetables and sugar cane in the Lake Okeechobee muck lands. The company was also involved in the peach business in Georgia and North Carolina. The company was incorporated in 1914, with the Chase brothers owning 75 percent of the stock, and reincorporated in 1948. A second generation of Chases began its involvement in the family operations when Sydney O. Chase, Jr. ( b. 1890) became a citrus buyer in 1922. He was later joined by his brother Randall who served as president of Chase and Company from 1948-1965. Outside the Chase Family, Alfred Foster, W. R. Harney, and William "Billy" Leffler figured prominently as company executives and investors. The company dissolved in 1979 when its principal assets were sold to Sunniland for $5.5 million. The Chases' interest in citrus began when Sydney came to Florida and became associated with General Henry S. Sanford. The Chases would eventually own General Sanford's experimental farm, Belair, and the Chase family home in Sanford was located there. Over the years, the Chases invested in a number of citrus groves and owned others outright. In 1912, they organized the Chase Investment Company as a holding company for their farms. Initially, the company operated the Isleworth, Nocatee, Belair, and Kelly citrus groves as well as celery farms in Sanford. The company was renamed Chase Groves, Inc. in 1951. From time to time, Chase Investment was involved in real estate in Florida and North Carolina. The latter included Fort Caswell, a former military property that was held for a time and then sold. Unquestionably, the jewel in the Chase crown was the Isleworth grove at Windermere. Isleworth's four hundred lake-tempered acres carried the Chases through many difficult times. It proved to be the principal asset at the company's demise when it was sold to golf legend Arnold Palmer in 1984. Chase Groves dissolved that same year, 100 years after the founding of Chase and Company." Contributor <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida Alternative Title Chase Collection Subject Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Chase, Sydney Octavius, 1860-1941 Chase, Joshua Coffin, 1858-1948 Citrus fruit industry--Florida Golf--Florida Celery industry Sanford (Fla.) Windermere (Fla.) Jacksonville (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Isleworth Grove, Windermere, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida <a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank">Digital Collections (UFDC)</a>, University of Florida Curator Marra, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=600" target="_blank">Sydney Chase Sr. (1860-1941)</a>." Florida Citrus Hall of Fame. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=600. Warner, S.C. "<a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank">Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida</a>." Florida State Horticultural Society vol. 36 (1923): 198-200. Hopkins, James T. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank">Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959</a>. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus" target="_blank">Franklin Chase, 'Towering Figure in Citrus Industry</a>.'" The Orlando Sentinel, September 30, 1986. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus. Provenance Entire <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase. Rights Holder The displayed collection is housed at <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only. Source Repository University of Florida, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/90" target="_blank">Celery Collection</a>, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/93" target="_blank">Citrus Collection</a>, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/91" target="_blank">Belair Grove Collection</a>, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/100" target="_blank">Florida Citrus Exchange Collection</a>, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/88" target="_blank">Isleworth Grove Collection</a>, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/86" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/94" target="_blank">Holy Cross Episcopal Church Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/87" target="_blank">Sanford Country Club and Golf Course Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page typewritten letter with handwritten notes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from Y. P. Louis to Sydney Octavius Chase (December 14, 1900) Alternative Title Chase Correspondence (December 14, 1900) Subject Chase, Sydney Octavius, 1860-1941 Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Description An original letter of correspondence between former employee Y. P. Louis and Sydney Octavius Chase. Topics discussed in the letter include Louis' gratitude to Chase and his current employment for Lord Li in Wuhu, China. Chase & Company was established in 1884 by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965. Type Text Source Original letter from Y. P. Louis to Sydney Octavius Chase, December 14, 1900: box 173, folder 2.40, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection (MS 14)</a>, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Requires <a href='http://www.adobe.com/reader.html' target='_blank'>Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> (MS 14), box 173, folder 2.40, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/23" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Referenced By Folder referenced in Chase Collection finding guide, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm</a>. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of orriginal letter from Y. P. Louis to Sydney Octavius Chase, December 14, 1900. Coverage Wuhu, Anhui, China Sanford, Florida Creator Louis, Y. P. Date Created 1900-12-14 Format application/pdf Extent 309 KB Medium 1-page typewritten letter with handwritten notes Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Entire <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida <a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank">Digital Collections (UFDC)</a>, University of Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository University of Florida, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> External Reference "<a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=600" target="_blank">Sydney Chase Sr. (1860-1941)</a>." Florida Citrus Hall of Fame. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=600. Chase and Company Chase, Sydney Octavius China labor laborer Li Louis, Y. P. Manchuria Manchurian Wuhu, Anhui, China https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b94c51736e757503cacaa33f5412deba.jpg 039a51d064157fd42bab3adf961f264f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Fifteenth Census Population for Effingham, Douglas Township, Illinois, 1930 Alternative Title Census, 1930 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Description The Fifteenth United States census records for Effingham, Illinois, for 1930. The Census divides the population by categories of Name, age, sex, race, marital status, occupants and relation to head of house, whether the home is owned or rented, value of home or rent, whether home is a farm residence, whether the home has a radio, college attendance, literacy, birthplace and birthplace of parents, citizenship status, language spoken before coming to United States, year of immigration, occupation or business, class of worker, whether worked the previous day, military status, and war or expedition participated in. A notable resident listed in this record is Dale D. Davis. Davis was born in Effingham, Illinois, in 1920. He graduated from Effingham High School and then attended Eastern Illinois Teacher’s College in Charleston, Illinois, for two years. In November of 1940, he entered the United States Army Air Corps and was trained as a pilot. He served during World War II in the South Pacific, and became a Captain in 1943. That same year, he was recognized with a Distinguished Flying Cross and a Purple Heart. Davis’s wife, Florence, was also a pilot, and she was part of the United States Women’s Airforce Service Pilots (WASPs). Davis continued to serve in the military through the Korean and Vietnam Wars. He attended college at the University of Illinois Champaign-Urbana, where he studied aeronautical engineering. Davis then won a Guggenheim Fellowship to study jet and rocket propulsion at Princeton University. He later worked at Holloman Air Force Base, and then at the Federal Aviation Administration, where he was a leader in the supersonic transport program. He also directed the Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. During the course of his military career he rose to the rank of Colonel. Davis eventually moved to Florida, where he passed away in 1994 at the age of seventy-three. He is memorialized at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, with his wife, Florence. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Ted Loy, April 4, 1930. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Effingham, Illinois Creator Loy, Ted <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created 1930-04-04 Format image/jpg Extent 1.37 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Ted Loy and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Kelly, Karen Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.cyberdriveillinois.com/departments/archives/home.html">Illinois State Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. 1930 United States Census Bushnell census records Dale Davis Effingham, Illinois Florida National Cemetery literacy military history military service National Cemetery Administration population Ted Loy veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e51658dcacb3c199c83187f915164d9e.jpg 37f04e47dbddeb5d3c4c69e45e808526 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Naval Air Station Sanford Collection Description This collection contains images of Naval Air Station (NAS) Sanford from its inception in 1942 to present day. The Naval Air Station (NAS) Sanford was commissioned on November 3, 1942, as a naval aviation training facility during World War II. The Navy continued to train pilots at NAS Sanford throughout the Korean and Vietnam Wars. NAS Sanford was temporarily decommissioned after World War II in 1946, and then recommissioned as the Naval Auxiliary Air Station (NAAS) Sanford in 1950, due to the outbreak of the Korean War and the ongoing Cold War. Soon afterward, the station was renamed NAS Sanford and redesignated as a full naval air station. On February 6, 1959, NAS Sanford was dedicated as Ramey Field in honor of Lieutenant Commander Robert W. Ramey. In 1968, due to lack of funding caused by the Vietnam War, Congress directed the closure of NAS Sanford. The City of Sanford assumed authority over the former NAS Sanford facility the year after it closed and renamed it the Sanford Airport, which was managed by Commander J. S. "Red" Cleveland. The airport underwent various name changes over the next several decades: Sanford Regional Airport, Central Florida Regional Airport, Orlando-Sanford Regional Airport, and its current name, Orlando-Sanford International Airport. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, several Naval buildings were demolished and new buildings were constructed. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=108" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Alternative Title NAS Sanford Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Naval air stations United States. Navy Navy Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Naval Air Station Sanford, Sanford, Florida Naval Auxiliary Air Station Sanford, Sanford, Florida Sanford Airport, Sanford, Florida Sanford Regional Airport, Sanford, Florida Central Florida Regional Airport, Sanford, Florida Orlando-Sanford Regional Airport, Sanford, Florida Orlando-Sanford International Airport, Sanford, Florida Curator Marra, Katherine Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Metzger, Lewis W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/668248552" target="_blank">From Celery City to Navy Town: The Impact of Naval Air Station Sanford during World War II</a>. MA thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. "<a href="http://www.nassanfordmemorial.com/home.htm" target="_blank">Naval Air Station Sanford Memorial</a>." Naval Air Station Sanford Memorial. http://www.nassanfordmemorial.com/home.htm. Shettle, Jr., M. L. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33082456" target="_blank">United States Naval Air Stations of World War II</a>. Bowersville, Georgia: Schaertel Publishing Company, 1995. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 drawing Physical Dimensions 20.75 x 22.375 inch Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Master Plan, Sanford Municipal Airport, Sanford, Seminole County, Florida Alternative Title Sanford Municipal Airport Master Plan Subject Sanford (Fla.) Airports--Florida Maps--Illustrations Description Master plan for the Sanford Municipal Airport, located at 1200 Red Cleveland Boulevard in Sanford, Florida. This map was drawn by R. G. Lubinski and shows the planned layout of the airport. F. T. Williams served as the chief engineer. The airport originally began as the Naval Air Station (NAS) Sanford. The air station was commissioned on November 3, 1942, as a naval aviation training facility during World War II. The Navy continued to train pilots at NAS Sanford throughout the Korean War and Vietnam War. NAS Sanford was temporarily decommissioned after World War II in 1946, and decommissioned again in 1950 when it was the Naval Auxiliary Air Station (NAAS) Sanford, due to the outbreak of the Korean War and the ongoing Cold War. Soon afterward, the station was renamed NAS Sanford and redesigned as a full naval air station. On February 6, 1959, NAS Sanford was dedicated as Ramey Field in honor of Lieutenant Commander Robert W. Ramey. In 1968, due to lack of funding caused by the Vietnam War, Congress directed the closure of NAS Sanford. The City of Sanford assumed authority over the former NAS Sanford facility the year after it closed and renamed it the Sanford Airport, which was managed by Commander J. S. "Red" Cleveland. The airport underwent various name changes over the next several decades: Sanford Regional Airport, Central Florida Regional Airport, Orlando Sanford Regional Airport, and its current name, Orlando-Sanford International Airport. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, several Naval buildings were demolished and new buildings were constructed. Type Still Image Source Original 20.75 x 22.375 inch drawing by R. G. Lubinski: "Master Plan, Sanford Municipal Airport, Sanford, Seminole County, Florida." Sanford, Florida: ;<a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/13" target="_blank">Naval Air Station Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 20.75 x 22.375 inch drawing by R. G. Lubinski: "Master Plan, Sanford Municipal Airport, Sanford, Seminole County, Florida." Sanford, Florida. Coverage Sanford Municipal Airport, Sanford, Florida Creator Lubinski, R. G. Date Created ca. 1968-1999 Format image/jpg Extent 109 KB Medium 20.75 x 22.375 inch drawing Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by R. G. Lubinski. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Metzger, Lewis W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/668248552" target="_blank">From Celery City to Navy Town: The Impact of Naval Air Station Sanford during World War II</a>. Orlando, Fla: University of Central Florida, 2010. "<a href="http://www.nassanfordmemorial.com/home.htm" target="_blank">Naval Air Station Sanford Memorial</a>." Sanford Airport Memorial Committee. http://www.nassanfordmemorial.com/home.htm. Shettle, M. L. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33082456" target="_blank">United States Naval Air Stations of World War II</a>. Bowersville, GA: Schaertel Pub. Co, 1995. Transcript GENEVA AVE. MELLONVILLE AVE. SIPES AVE. ONORO ROAD MASTER PLAN SANFORD MUNICIPAL AIRPORT SANFORD, SEMINOLE COUNTY, FLORIDA. F.T. WILLIAMS, CITY ENG. DRAWN BY R.G. LUBINSKI[?] SANFORD, FLORIDA LEGEND: HEAVY SOLID LINE - PRESENT WPA PROJECT SODDED FIELD LIGHT SOLID LINE - SECOND STAGE of DEVELOPMENT. 4000 ft. RUNWAYS DOTTED LINE - ULTIMATE DEVELOPMENT GOLDEN LAKE CRIPPEN ROAD airport Crippen Road Geneva Avenue Golden Lake Lubinski, R. G. map master plan Mellonville Avenue Onoro Road plan Red Cleveland Boulevard Sanford Sanford Municipal Airport Sipes Avenue Williams, F. T. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/056da37e1a88a49682d6a3f8046bc070.jpg 92f763d74d4c07c7927d69d23f6bf219 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 newspaper photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Homemade Hat Fashion Show Winners Alternative Title Hat Fashion Show Winners Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Clubs--United States Fashion--Florida Hats--United States Description A newspaper photograph about a homemade hat fashion show hosted by the Oviedo Woman's Club (OWC). Photographed in the front row, from left to right, are Janet Foley, Lynn Nemec, and Louise Martin. In the second row, from left to right, are Nancy Gill, Susan Witty, and Nettie Secrest. The Oviedo Woman's Club which was founded in 1906 as the Oviedo Magazine Club by seven charter members: H. B. McCall, Edith Meade, Georgia Lee Wheeler, Lillian Lee Lawton, Mattie Aulin Wheeler, Milcah Yonge, and Mary King. The first clubhouse was constructed in 1914 and also served as Oviedo's first library. In 1916, the club joined the Florida Federation of Women's Clubs (FFWC) and officially changed its name to the Oviedo Woman's Club. In 1923, the woman's club was federated under the umbrella of the General Federation of Woman's Clubs (GFWC). A new clubhouse was built in 1961 on property donated by R. L. Croom, a former member, which is located at 414 King Street. The Oviedo Woman's Club is involved in many civic projects, including the annual Great Day in the Country Arts and Crafts Festival, the Spring Fundraiser, Tasting Luncheons, and Celebrate Spring Teas. Type Still Image Source Original newspaper photograph: Lucas, Ray. "Homemade Hat Fashion Show Winners," 1990: Private Collection of Beatrice Gestrich. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper photograph: Lucas, Ray. "Homemade Hat Fashion Show Winners," 1990. Coverage Oviedo Woman's Club, Oviedo, Florida Creator Lucas, Ray Contributor <a href="http://www.oviedowomansclub.org/" target="_blank">Oviedo Woman's Club</a> Gestrich, Beatrice Date Created ca. 1990-05 Date Issued ca. 1990-05 Date Copyrighted ca. 1990-05 Format image/jpg Medium 1 newspaper photograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Ray Lucas. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Ray Lucas and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Beatrice Gestrich External Reference "<a href="http://www.oviedowomansclub.org/our-community/our-history.html" target="_blank">Our History</a>." Oviedo Woman's Club. http://www.oviedowomansclub.org/our-community/our-history.html. civic club club fashion fashion show hat Janet Foley Louise Martin Lynn Nemec Nancy Gill Nettie Secret Oviedo Oviedo Woman's Club OWC Ray Lucas Susan Witty Woman's Club women https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3d2cb29c62ad1556afb29841109dfd24.jpg 8dde191a846aff56fc0673f0b3062439 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sixteenth Census Population for Wood-Ridge, Bergen County, New Jersey, 1940 Alternative Title Census, 1940 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Description The Sixteenth United States Census records for Wood-Ridge, Bergen County, New Jersey, for 1940. The census divides the population by name, age, sex, race, marital status, residence, home owned or rented, value of home or monthly rent, whether living on a farm, other residents of same address, relation to head of house, attended school or college after March 1940, highest grade completed, state or foreign country of birth, employment status, hours of work per week, duration of employment, and wages. Supplemental questions include the father and mother's birthplace, language spoken in home during childhood, veteran status, father's veteran status, social security, usual occupation and industry, class of worker, if women have been married more than once, age at first marriage if so, and number of children born. A notable resident listed in the record is Warren Justus Liesegang (1928-1998). Born in Elizabeth, New Jersey, on June 17, 1928, Liesegang enlisted in the United States Navy in 1950. During his service, he held the position of DC-3, which is known as a Damage Controlman Petty Officer 3rd Class. Following his service, Liesegang served as a merchant seaman until retiring. In 1954, while still serving in the military, Warren Liesegang married Darlene Denise Wiggins in Duval, Florida. They later had a daughter named Theresa Leigh Liesegang. Warren and his family lived in various areas across the state of Florida, including Fruitland Park, Fort Pierce, and Vero Beach. He retired in Fort Pierce, where he lived until his death on January 9th 1998. He is memorialized at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Anita J. Luerber, April 8, 1940. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Wood-Ridge, New Jersey Creator Luerber, Anita J. <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created 1940-04-08 to 1940-04-09 Format image/jpg Extent 1.92 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Anita J. Luerber and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Connolly, Lehman Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.nj.gov/state/archives/">New Jersey State Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. 1940 United States Census Anita J. Luerber Bushnell census records Florida National Cemetery literacy memorials military history military service National Cemetery Administration population veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program Warren Justus Liesegang Wood-Ridge, New Jersey https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b8abbbc2b74d0d6cd3009ecf5ff609d3.jpg e90afe02339ff0d365997fe8bfd97f5f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sixteenth Census Population for Glens Falls, Warren County, New York, 1940 Alternative Title Census, 1940 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Description The Sixteenth Unites States Census records for Warren County, Glens Falls, New York, for 1940. The census divides the population by name, age, sex, race, marital status, residence, home owned or rented, value of home or monthly rent, whether living on a farm, other residents of same address, relation to head of house, attended school or college after March 1940, highest grade completed, state or foreign country of birth, employment status, hours of work per week, duration of employment, and wages. Supplemental questions include the father and mother's birthplace, language spoken in home during childhood, veteran status, father's veteran status, social security, usual occupation and industry, class of worker, if women have been married more than once, age at first marriage if so, and number of children born. A notable resident in this record is George P. McCann (1899-1991). McCann was born on September 12, 1899, to Charles and Annie McCann, who were Irish immigrants. George worked as his father's butcher shop before enlisting in the United States Navy in 1917. He completed culinary school and became a ships' cook. After his service, he married Helen Galvin in New York. They had two children: Thomas Benard and Vincent. When Thomas married a Florida woman, George and Helen moved with them to Florida. George died on April 20, 1991, at the age of ninety-one and is buried at the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Albert J. Lumbruno, April 6, 1940. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Glens Falls, New York Creator Lumbruno, Albert J <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created 1940-04-06 Format image/jpg Extent 3.01 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Albert J. Lumbruno and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Ortiz, Samuel Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.archives.nysed.gov/">New York State Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. 1940 United States Census Albert J. Lumbruno Bushnell census records Florida National Cemetery George Philip McCann Glens Falls City, New York Irish immigrants literacy military history military service National Cemetery Administration population veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program Warren County World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/11631ba31402c17316f4e359ab0b4b85.jpg 9f25d6b4c504a181461d6f70959053ae Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Oviedo Woman's Club Conducts Surprise Mortgage Burning Ceremony Alternative Title Oviedo Woman's Club Conducts Mortgage Burning Ceremony Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Clubs--United States Mortgages--Florida Description A newspaper article about a surprise mortgage burning ceremony for the Oviedo Woman's Club (OWC). Harden Webb, the Executive Vice President of the Citizens Bank of Oviedo, joined the club members to burn the mortgage for the clubhouse, which began in July 1961 and was paid off on May 11, 1964. Webb is pictured in the article's photograph, alongside Mrs. J. H. Staley, Mrs. Jim Michael, Mrs. W. H. Martin, and Mrs. R. W. Estes, shown from left to right. The Oviedo Woman's Club was founded in 1906 as the Oviedo Magazine Club by seven charter members: H. B. McCall, Edith Meade, Georgia Lee Wheeler, Lillian Lee Lawton, Mattie Aulin Wheeler, Milcah Yonge, and Mary King. The first clubhouse was constructed in 1914 and also served as Oviedo's first library. In 1916, the club joined the Florida Federation of Women's Clubs (FFWC) and officially changed its name to the Oviedo Woman's Club. In 1923, the woman's club was federated under the umbrella of the General Federation of Woman's Clubs (GFWC). A new clubhouse was built in 1961 on property donated by R. L. Croom, a former member, which is located at 414 King Street. The Oviedo Woman's Club is involved in many civic projects, including the annual Great Day in the Country Arts and Crafts Festival, the Spring Fundraiser, Tasting Luncheons, and Celebrate Spring Teas. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Lundy, Evelyn. "The Oviedo Woman's Club Conducts Surprise Mortgage Burning Ceremony." <a href="http://www.mysanfordherald.com/" target="_blank">The Sanford Herald</a>, May 15, 1964: Private Collection of Beatrice Gestrich. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Lundy, Evelyn. "The Oviedo Woman's Club Conducts Surprise Mortgage Burning Ceremony." <a href="http://www.mysanfordherald.com/" target="_blank">The Sanford Herald</a>, May 15, 1964. Coverage Oviedo Woman's Club, Oviedo, Florida Creator Lundy, Evelyn Publisher <a href="http://www.mysanfordherald.com/" target="_blank">The Sanford Herald</a> Contributor <a href="http://www.oviedowomansclub.org/" target="_blank">Oviedo Woman's Club</a> Gestrich, Beatrice Date Created ca. 1964-05-15 Date Issued 1964-05-15 Date Copyrighted 1964-05-15 Format image/jpg Medium 1 newspaper article Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Evelyn Lundy and published by <a href="http://www.mysanfordherald.com/" target="_blank">The Sanford Herald</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://www.mysanfordherald.com/" target="_blank">The Sanford Herald</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Beatrice Gestrich External Reference "<a href="http://www.oviedowomansclub.org/our-community/our-history.html" target="_blank">Our History</a>." Oviedo Woman's Club. http://www.oviedowomansclub.org/our-community/our-history.html. B. F. Wheeler, Sr. B. G. Smith Bless This House Citizens Bank of Oviedo civic club club Evelyn Lundy Fred Pierson Harden Webb Harold Barnes J. H. Staley Jim Michael Lynn Mosier mortgage Oviedo Oviedo Woman's Club OWC R. W. Estes T. H. Ryan T. L. Lingo, Sr. W. T. Walker William H. Martin Woman's Club Woman's Club Building women https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a64fc33549fce1dc97136fdf51181fb5.jpg 88b059c1167a271c0ae3c6da2d50ad13 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Thirteenth Census Population for New York City, Borough of Brooklyn, 1910 Alternative Title Census, 1910 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Description The Thirteenth United States Census records for Kings County, New York City, Borough of Brooklyn, New York, for 1910. The census divides the population by sex, race, age, marital status, number of children, occupation, literacy, whether they owned or rented, farm or house, if they were a Civil War veteran, whether they were blind, deaf or dumb, the place of birth and mother tongue of foreign-born persons and their parents. If foreign born, the person was required to provide the year they immigrated, whether they were naturalized and if they were able to speak English. A notable resident listed in this record is William Otto Grupp (1901-1988). This is the first census in which William Otto Grupp appears. Born on April 1, 1901 in Brooklyn, New York, Grupp was a first-generation German-American. He enlisted in the United States Navy on July 5, 1918, at the age of eighteen. He served at several locations, including the USS Indiana. After his service, Grupp married Katherine Riebling, with whom he had two daughters. Grupp died on November 17, 1988, and is buried in the Bushnell National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="http://vlp.cah.ucf.edu">Veterans Legacy Program</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Frank Lurace, April 22, 1910. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Brooklyn, New York Creator Lurace, Frank <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created 1910-04-22 Format image/jpg Extent 1.23 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Frank Lurace and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/">United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Ortiz, Samuel Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="http://vlp.cah.ucf.edu">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.archives.nysed.gov/">New York State Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. 1910 United States Census Brooklyn, New York City, New York Bushnell census records Florida National Cemetery Frank Lurace Kings County literacy military history military service National Cemetery Administration population United states census United States Navy veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program William Otto Grupp World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0a7076aeff4cea56f16278946b88cf51.JPG 474bd009169eb0504afecab17ef7f229 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1f596b02f6730fd19db5d6d426513c58.JPG 08abbe90876ad09aacfa9f8b7f26cf23 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b96b789c9e964347f2f885b4c577134f.JPG 254603b7f76aaeaa9b17ed733184132f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 3 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Supervillains at the House of Blues Orlando, 2002 Alternative Title Supervillains at the House of Blues Subject Supervillains (Musical group) Lake Buena Vista (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Saint Cloud (Fla.) Ska (Music)--United States Concerts--United States Punk rock music--United States Reggae music--United States Musicians--Southern States Funk (Music)--United States Description The Supervillains performing live at the House of Blues Orlando in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, on December 20, 2002. The first photograph features, from left to right, Jonathan "Smally" Cestero on saxophone, Andrew Neil Estes on trombone, Scott Suldo on guitar, J. P. Thieme on trumpet, Gus Ramage on bass, Dominic Maresco on drums, and Ben Montgomery on guitar. The second photograph features Maresco. The third photograph features, from left to right, Thieme , Suldo, Cestero, Ramage, and Montgomery. The Supervillains were formed in 1998 by drummer/vocalist Dominic Maresco and guitarist/vocalist Scott "Skart" Suldo, while they were in high school in St. Cloud, Florida. Initially a punk-rock band, the group adapted elements of ska and reggae to their sound, leading to opportunities to support reggae acts such as The Wailers and Inner Circle, reggae-rock acts such as Slightly Stoopid and Pepper, ska acts such as Reel Big Fish and Streetlight Manifesto, punk acts such as Pennywise and Authority Zero, and rock acts such as Fishbone and 311. After several successful tours as an opening band, The Supervillains began headlining their own national tours, often performing over 200 shows per year, and released eight studio albums as of June 2015. The band incorporated several horn players and other members for eight or nine years, but have since operated as a four-piece, with Maresco, Suldo, Daniel Grundrof on bass and Tom "T-Rex" Moulton on keyboards and guitar. After selling over 100,000 records, the group formed their own label, Rah Rah Rah Records, in 2011. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, December 20, 2002: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, December 20, 2002. Coverage House of Blues Orlando, Lake Buena Vista, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2002-12-20 Date Copyrighted 2002-12-20 Format image/jpg Extent 25.7 KB 30 KB 21.5 KB Medium 3 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Augustyn, Heather, and Cedella Marley. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/630498209" target="_blank">Ska: An Oral History</a>. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 2010. Murray, Matthew, Addie Vassie, and Mitchell Vassie. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880571058" target="_blank">Ska</a>. Amsterdam Schilt Publishing, 2013. McGregor, Nick. "<a href="http://staugustine.com/surf-drift/2013-02-14/supervillains-serve-tasty-blend-reggae-ska-punk-metal-and-swamp-rock#.VXiGDc6EyM0" target="_blank">The Supervillains serve up a tasty blend of reggae, ska, punk, metal and swamp rock</a>." The St. Augustine Record. February 15, 2013. http://staugustine.com/surf-drift/2013-02-14/supervillains-serve-tasty-blend-reggae-ska-punk-metal-and-swamp-rock#.VXiGDc6EyM0. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2002-12-20-THE-SUPERVILLAINS-HOUSE-OF-BLUES-ORLANDO-FL/G0000GarfYzEAG2Q/I0000gp_7Ah9jCzc/C0000CLAAGflTL5c" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2002-12-20-THE-SUPERVILLAINS-HOUSE-OF-BLUES-ORLANDO-FL/G0000GarfYzEAG2Q/I0000moI9EfAV0eE/C0000CLAAGflTL5c" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2002-12-20-THE-SUPERVILLAINS-HOUSE-OF-BLUES-ORLANDO-FL/G0000GarfYzEAG2Q/I0000WJi.kXp743c/C0000CLAAGflTL5c" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alicia Lyman Andrew Neil Estes bass guitar bassist Ben Montgomery concert Dominic Maresco Downtown Disney drum drummer electric guitar guitar guitarist Gus Ramage House of Blues Orlando J. P. Thieme Jonathan Cestero Lake Buena Vista music musician orlando punk reggae rock rock music saxophone saxophonist Scott "Skart" Suldo ska St. Cloud tambourine The Supervillains trombone trombonist trumpet trumpeter vocalist Walt Disney World Resort https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/736c7ee3fe06eb67396ebccf090c910d.JPG 0759767e7f04c32ad0d2566f5460f17a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Supervillains' Bass Drum Alternative Title Supervillains' Drum Subject Supervillains (Musical group) Orlando (Fla.) Saint Cloud (Fla.) Ska (Music)--United States Concerts--United States Punk rock music--United States Reggae music--United States Drums Musicians--Southern States Funk (Music)--United States Description A bass drum used by Dominic Maresco of The Supervillains. The photograph was taken on March 14, 2003, when the band performed at Hard Rock Live in Orlando, Florida. The Supervillains were formed in 1998 by drummer/vocalist Dominic Maresco and guitarist/vocalist Scott "Skart" Suldo, while they were in high school in St. Cloud, Florida. Initially a punk-rock band, the group adapted elements of ska and reggae to their sound, leading to opportunities to support reggae acts such as The Wailers and Inner Circle, reggae-rock acts such as Slightly Stoopid and Pepper, ska acts such as Reel Big Fish and Streetlight Manifesto, punk acts such as Pennywise and Authority Zero, and rock acts such as Fishbone and 311. After several successful tours as an opening band, The Supervillains began headlining their own national tours, often performing over 200 shows per year, and released eight studio albums as of June 2015. The band incorporated several horn players and other members for eight or nine years, but have since operated as a four-piece, with Maresco, Suldo, Daniel Grundrof on bass and Tom "T-Rex" Moulton on keyboards and guitar. After selling over 100,000 records, the group formed their own label, Rah Rah Rah Records, in 2011. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, March 14, 2003: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, March 14, 2003. Coverage Hard Rock Live, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2003-03-14 Date Copyrighted 2003-03-14 Format image/jpg Extent 26.1 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Augustyn, Heather, and Cedella Marley. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/630498209" target="_blank">Ska: An Oral History</a>. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 2010. Murray, Matthew, Addie Vassie, and Mitchell Vassie. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880571058" target="_blank">Ska</a>. Amsterdam Schilt Publishing, 2013. McGregor, Nick. "<a href="http://staugustine.com/surf-drift/2013-02-14/supervillains-serve-tasty-blend-reggae-ska-punk-metal-and-swamp-rock#.VXiGDc6EyM0" target="_blank">The Supervillains serve up a tasty blend of reggae, ska, punk, metal and swamp rock</a>." The St. Augustine Record. February 15, 2013. http://staugustine.com/surf-drift/2013-02-14/supervillains-serve-tasty-blend-reggae-ska-punk-metal-and-swamp-rock#.VXiGDc6EyM0. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-03-14-THE-SUPERVILLAINS-Hard-Rock-Live-Orlando-FL/G0000kCNUVPuuqnY/I0000BseNZVQcFm8/C0000CLAAGflTL5c" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alicia Lyman art bass drum cartoon concert Dominic Maresco Downtown Disney drum drummer Hard Rock Live music musician orlando painting punk reggae rock rock music ska St. Cloud The Supervillains vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b6f600b5487a13d42c877982f0f329bf.JPG dcd8795ae0e647b02fa900fc1d2fcea9 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/91541db11574fe4af0dad22ca74d090a.JPG 0f3fffe0e0bad15db7811c6aa2866760 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1884288583914073e11288377371f6c2.JPG 82980f34da9b82c0466358d865b427bf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 3 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Supervillains at The Social, 2007 Alternative Title Supervillains at The Social Subject Supervillains (Musical group) Orlando (Fla.) Saint Cloud (Fla.) Ska (Music)--United States Concerts--United States Punk rock music--United States Reggae music--United States Musicians--Southern States Funk (Music)--United States Description The Supervillains performing live at The Social, located at 54 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on July 20, 2007. The first photograph features, from left to right, Scott "Skart" Suldo on guitar, Dominic Maresco on drums, Jonathan "Smally" Cestero on saxophone, and an unidentified trumpet player. The second photograph shows Suldo and the third photograph shows Suldo with Maresco. The Supervillains were formed in 1998 by drummer/vocalist Dominic Maresco and guitarist/vocalist Scott "Skart" Suldo, while they were in high school in St. Cloud, Florida. Initially a punk-rock band, the group adapted elements of ska and reggae to their sound, leading to opportunities to support reggae acts such as The Wailers and Inner Circle, reggae-rock acts such as Slightly Stoopid and Pepper, ska acts such as Reel Big Fish and Streetlight Manifesto, punk acts such as Pennywise and Authority Zero, and rock acts such as Fishbone and 311. After several successful tours as an opening band, The Supervillains began headlining their own national tours, often performing over 200 shows per year, and released eight studio albums as of June 2015. The band incorporated several horn players and other members for eight or nine years, but have since operated as a four-piece, with Maresco, Suldo, Daniel Grundrof on bass and Tom "T-Rex" Moulton on keyboards and guitar. After selling over 100,000 records, the group formed their own label, Rah Rah Rah Records, in 2011. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, July 30, 2007: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, July 30, 2007. Coverage The Social, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2007-07-30 Date Copyrighted 2007-07-30 Format image/jpg Extent 30.8 KB 22.2 KB 28.2 KB Medium 3 color photographs Language eng Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Augustyn, Heather, and Cedella Marley. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/630498209" target="_blank">Ska: An Oral History</a>. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 2010. Murray, Matthew, Addie Vassie, and Mitchell Vassie. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880571058" target="_blank">Ska</a>. Amsterdam Schilt Publishing, 2013. McGregor, Nick. "<a href="http://staugustine.com/surf-drift/2013-02-14/supervillains-serve-tasty-blend-reggae-ska-punk-metal-and-swamp-rock#.VXiGDc6EyM0" target="_blank">The Supervillains serve up a tasty blend of reggae, ska, punk, metal and swamp rock</a>." The St. Augustine Record. February 15, 2013. http://staugustine.com/surf-drift/2013-02-14/supervillains-serve-tasty-blend-reggae-ska-punk-metal-and-swamp-rock#.VXiGDc6EyM0. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2007-07-30-THE-SUPERVILLAINS-The-Social-Orlando-FL/G0000mg8LfHqYYxk/I0000qGBlhwISHuU/C0000CLAAGflTL5c" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2007-07-30-THE-SUPERVILLAINS-The-Social-Orlando-FL/G0000mg8LfHqYYxk/I0000Q1UEzQR1PwE/C0000CLAAGflTL5c" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2007-07-30-THE-SUPERVILLAINS-The-Social-Orlando-FL/G0000mg8LfHqYYxk/I0000Bl3mBxGXSwY/C0000CLAAGflTL5c" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alicia Lyman concert Dominic Maresco Downtown Orlando drum drummer guitarist J Jonathan Cestero Marshall amplifier music musician Orange Avenue orlando punk reggae rock rock music saxophone saxophonist Scott "Skart" Suldo ska ska band ska music St. Cloud band The Social The Supervillains trumpet trumpeter vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fc37c23b722d31df93676a38f19fd1af.jpg c16ba534a08a334045c7bb4df87d9d77 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/87a47595e258c20956bf3526b8323c30.jpg d67a6cc785c4b679c48317b217703041 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/8fcda14278f43c78d22358b92d04dcf4.jpg 9a83bfd0eb0c1ec4d240be3b4c3653d3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 3 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Supervillains at the Beacham Theater, 2012 Alternative Title Supervillains at Beacham Theater Subject Supervillains (Musical group) Orlando (Fla.) Saint Cloud (Fla.) Ska (Music)--United States Concerts--United States Punk rock music--United States Reggae music--United States Musicians--Southern States Funk (Music)--United States Description The Supervillains performing live at the Beacham Theater, located at 46 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on November 21, 2012. The first and second photographs feature, from left to right, drummer/vocalist Dominic Maresco and bassist Daniel Grundorf. The third photograph shows keyboardist/guitarist Tom "T-Rex" Moulton. The Supervillains were formed in 1998 by drummer/vocalist Dominic Maresco and guitarist/vocalist Scott "Skart" Suldo, while they were in high school in St. Cloud, Florida. Initially a punk-rock band, the group adapted elements of ska and reggae to their sound, leading to opportunities to support reggae acts such as The Wailers and Inner Circle, reggae-rock acts such as Slightly Stoopid and Pepper, ska acts such as Reel Big Fish and Streetlight Manifesto, punk acts such as Pennywise and Authority Zero, and rock acts such as Fishbone and 311. After several successful tours as an opening band, The Supervillains began headlining their own national tours, often performing over 200 shows per year, and released eight studio albums as of June 2015. The band incorporated several horn players and other members for eight or nine years, but have since operated as a four-piece, with Maresco, Suldo, Daniel Grundrof on bass and Tom "T-Rex" Moulton on keyboards and guitar. After selling over 100,000 records, the group formed their own label, Rah Rah Rah Records, in 2011. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 21, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 21, 2012 Coverage The Beacham Theater, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-21 Date Copyrighted 2012-11-21 Format image/jpg Extent 28.1 KB 39 KB 40.6 KB Medium 3 color photographs Language eng Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Augustyn, Heather, and Cedella Marley. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/630498209" target="_blank">Ska: An Oral History</a>. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 2010. Murray, Matthew, Addie Vassie, and Mitchell Vassie. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880571058" target="_blank">Ska</a>. Amsterdam Schilt Publishing, 2013. McGregor, Nick. "<a href="http://staugustine.com/surf-drift/2013-02-14/supervillains-serve-tasty-blend-reggae-ska-punk-metal-and-swamp-rock#.VXiGDc6EyM0" target="_blank">The Supervillains serve up a tasty blend of reggae, ska, punk, metal and swamp rock</a>." The St. Augustine Record. February 15, 2013. http://staugustine.com/surf-drift/2013-02-14/supervillains-serve-tasty-blend-reggae-ska-punk-metal-and-swamp-rock#.VXiGDc6EyM0. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-21-THE-SUPERVILLAINS-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-ORLANDO-FL/G0000YLzcwh33Mz0/I0000PxDBuUn6rs4/C0000CLAAGflTL5c" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-21-THE-SUPERVILLAINS-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-ORLANDO-FL/G0000YLzcwh33Mz0/I0000EayPw8hmRgg/C0000CLAAGflTL5c" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-21-THE-SUPERVILLAINS-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-ORLANDO-FL/G0000YLzcwh33Mz0/I00003B0t71EcjNk/C0000CLAAGflTL5c" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alicia Lyman bassist Beacham Theater concert Daniel Grundorf Dominic Maresco Downtown Orlando drum drummer keyboard keyboardist music musician Orange Avenue orlando painting punk reggae rock rock music ska St. Cloud The Beacham The Supervillains Tom "T-Rex" Moulton vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/616706dc9c8ec5b1cf8f356acd48e81e.JPG 6c2f81a1b0a6a3d4be97ccd4f37f19a7 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/37bd1300e8c633c38e8b662d1fbf8db5.JPG be9c0abcffd2623ca4855a993a9b08e6 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d1f6e48096f89e73f9f8d16bc061f93e.JPG 160e4c1d85447fc47f621388f18a7d02 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b0326c29ed39d7d1819357fff8b060b0.JPG 12f3753561e3478a02c9f02b4477ea11 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7ff8ec9841935af451c3c00a59d8c2a7.JPG 827a5114f0784443b4029d80296df686 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hip Hop Collection Alternative Title Hip Hop Collection Description Around the early 1970s, an underground urban cultural movement began to develop in the South Bronx in New York City, New York. As block parties became increasingly prevalent in the region, disc jockeys (DJs) would play popular musical genres, such as funk, disco, and soul, and began isolating the percussive instrumental breaks of songs. Immigrants from the Caribbean islands introduced this technique, known as dub music. Since the percussive breaks in these songs tended to be short, DJs extended them using two turntables. The movement that would become known as “hip hop” involved four distinct characteristics. In addition to turntablism, which is considered the aural element, the other characteristics include rap music, which is the oral element, b-boying—also known as breakdancing, which is the physical element—and graffiti art, which is the visual element. Other elements include beatboxing, which is a form of vocal percussion using one’s mouth to mimic a drum machine, and sampling, which is the act of taking a portion of a sound recording and reusing it as an instrument. Clive Campbell, known by his stage name DJ Kool Herc, is credited as the originator of hip hop music in the early 1970s. Although the genre developed in several places in the early 1970s, a concert performed by Herc is considered to be one of the pivotal and formative events that led to the rise of hip hop music and culture. Among those who claimed to be in attendance were a number of future hip hop stars, including Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaaraa, Red Alert, KRS-One, and Grandmaster Caz. In 1979, the Sugarhill Gang’s song, “Rapper’s Delight,” became the first hip hop record to gain widespread popularity in the mainstream. During the 1980s, the genre evolved and developed more complex styles, spreading across the country and throughout the world and leading to what would be known as new school hip hop. This Golden Age hip hop era spanned from around 1983 to the early 1990s, spawning innovators such as LL Cool J, Run-D.M.C., Public Enemy, Eric B. & Rakim, Big Daddy Kane, De La Soul, the Beastie Boys, and Juice Crew. Gangsta rap, a subgenre of hip hop with a lyrical focus on political and social commentary mixed with the realities of a criminal lifestyle, was pioneered in the mid-1980s by rappers such as Ice T, N.W.A., KRS-One, Just-Ice, Schoolly D, and the Geto Boys. By the early 1990s, gangsta rap further split into regional genres when West Coast rappers such as Ice Cube, Eazy E, Dr. Dre, Snoop Doggy Dogg, Warren G, Nate Dog, and 2Pac Shakur squared off against their East Coast counterparts, such as the Notorious B.I.G. (also known as Biggie Smalls), Puff Daddy, Lil’ Kim, the Wu-Tang Clan, Mobb Deep, and Nas. After the murders of Shakur and Smalls, gangsta rap peaked in its popularity, paving the way for mainstream rappers like Jay-Z, DMX, 50 Cent, Eminem, Nelly, and Drake. Mainstream rap has been criticized by hip hop fans and pioneers for its concern with image over substance, as opposed to alternative hip hop, which emerged simultaneously with artists such as OutKast, The Roots, Mos Def, Kanye West, Gnarls Barkley, Gorillas, M.I.A., and the Fugees, leading the way in innovating and revitalizing the genre. Florida has maintained a role in influencing and developing hip hop music and culture. Southern hip hop, which is also known as Dirty South, is a subgenre of hip hop that emerged in the Southeastern United States in cities such as Atlanta, Houston, Memphis, New Orleans, and Miami. Miami native, Debbie Harry, who was the lead singer of the American punk rock band Blondie in the mid-to-late 1970s, released a song entitled “Rapture” in 1981, which became the first rap song to top the Billboard Top 100 chart. The music video for the song became the first rap video to be broadcast on Music Television (MTV). Miami Bass, also known as booty music, emerged in the mid-1980s, with an emphasis on synthesizers and drum machines, raised dance tempos, and frequently sexually explicit lyrics and samples. Luther Campbell, also known as Uncle Luke, and his group, 2 Live Crew, played a crucial role in popularizing Miami Bass in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The group gained international notoriety in 1988, when a record store clerk was cited for selling a copy of their explicit album to an undercover police officer, which was the first time in the United States that a record store owner was held liable for an obscenity violation. Although the clerk was found not guilty by a jury, the group’s next album, As Nasty As They Wanna Be, was ruled obscene and illegal to sell by U.S. District Court Judge Jose Gonzalez, leading to the arrest of a local retailer two days later for selling a copy to an undercover officer, and to three of the members of the band after a performance in Hollywood, Florida. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit overturned the obscenity ruling in 1992, and the United States Supreme Court refused to hear Broward County’s appeal. Other notable hip hop artists from Florida include Rick Ross and Flo Rida, both from Carol City, Trick Daddy, Pitbull and Trina from Miami, T-Pain from Tallahassee, and Solillaquists of Sound from Orlando. External Reference Rose, Tricia. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/29358082" target="_blank">Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America</a>. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 1994. Ogbar, Jeffrey Ogbonna Green. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/153580063" target="_blank">Hip-Hop Revolution: The Culture and Politics of Rap</a>. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2007. Charnas, Dan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/426803687" target="_blank">The Big Payback: The History of the Business of Hip-Hop</a>. New York, N.Y.: New American Library, 2010. Light, Alan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41572698" target="_blank">The Vibe History of Hip Hop</a>. New York: Three Rivers Press, 1999. Subject Hip-hop--Southern States Music--United States Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 5 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Solillaquists of Sound at Slingapour's, 2003 Alternative Title Solillaquists of Sound at Slingapour's Subject Solillaquists of Sound (Musical group) Swamburger Hip-hop--Southern States Concerts--United States Orlando (Fla.) Rappers Musicians--Southern States Description Solillaquists of Sound performing live at at Slingapour's, a venue located at 18 Wall Street in Wall Street Plaza in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on February 19, 2003. The first photograph features, from left to right, Tonya Combs, Alexandrah, DiViNCi and MC Swamburger. The second photograph the first three, minus Swamburger. The third and fourth photographs feature Swamburger with Alexandrah and then with DiViNCi, respectively. The final photograph shows DiViNCi playing a Media Player Classic (MPC). Solillaquists of Sound, also known as Solilla, is an American hip-hop quartet formed in Orlando in August 2002. The group, consisting of MCs (masters of ceremonies) Swamburger and Alexandrah, poet/vocalist Tonya Combs, and producer/composer/MPC player DiViNCi, employs sophisticated, socially conscious lyrics and musical composition, based on the life-affirming, justice-oriented views held by the members. The group utilizes melody and harmony in their vocals, often delivering many punctuated syllables in rapid succession in tight synchronicity. In 2002, Asaan Brooks, also known as Swamburger, began having weekly meetings in his Orlando home about music, community involvement, spirituality, and veganism. At one of these meetings, Brooks and his friend, producer and MPC player Glen Valencia, Jr., also known as DiViNCi, with whom he had already recorded material, decided to begin performing together. A frequent attendee of their shows, Tonya Combs, joined them on background vocals, and soon the group's friend, singer Alexandra Sarton, also known as Alexandrah, left her home in Chicago, Illinois, to join the band. The group categorized themselves in their own genre, FAHEEM (funk/astro/hip-hop/extraterrestrially energized message), which they felt more accurately conveyed both their music and their beliefs regarding spirituality, life, and love. They were invited by hip-hop artist Sage Francis to tour with him, and his label, Epitaph, signed them to their sister label, Anti-, in early 2006. They recorded two albums under the label, As If We Existed (2006) and No More Heroes (2008), before leaving the label and producing their own albums, The 4th Wall: Part 1 (2012) and The 4th Wall: Part 2 (2013). In addition to Francis, the band has toured with artists such as Michael Franti & Spearhead, KRS-One, Bad Brains, Ozomatli, El-P, and Lyrics Born. The group is also known for their community involvement, appearing on a tribute record for fellow rapper/producer J Dilla, also known as James Dewitt Yancey, who passed away in 2006 from a blood disease. The album, Death of the Muse, featured J-Live, Chali 2na of Jurassic 5, and Maureen "Ma Dukes" Yancey,Maureen Yancey, the mother of J Dilla. Okayplayer.com featured the effort as one of their top news stories, and LA Weekly called the track "the most awesome song in the history of awesomedom." The group hopes to open the Solilla Center 4 Creative Kids, a non-profit school designed to empower youth with the knowledge of all things good for mind, body, and spirit, offering kids yoga, an art gallery, massage, a cafe, smoothie and juice bar, language, art, poetry, gardening, and vegan cooking classes, as well as an after-school tutoring program. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, February 19, 2003: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/154" target="_blank">Hip Hop Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, February 19, 2003. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-02-19-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Slingapours-Orlando-FL/G0000QfFR9S.U_KM/I0000JhsX5jxoFgM/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-02-19-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Slingapours-Orlando-FL/G0000QfFR9S.U_KM/I0000JhsX5jxoFgM/C0000fGs2siRdnQY</a> Coverage Slingapour's, Wall Street Plaza, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2003-02-19 Date Copyrighted 2003-02-19 Format image/jpg Extent 21.7KB 18.6 KB 11.2 KB 12.3 KB 16.5 KB Medium 5 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Light, Alan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41572698" target="_blank">The Vibe History of Hip Hop</a>. New York: Three Rivers Press, 1999. Le-Huu, Bao. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/solillaquists-of-sounds-saga-comes-to-its-natural-conclusion/Content?oid=2241323" target="_blank">Solillaquists of Sound's saga comes to its natural conclusion: 'The 4th Wall' completes the group's epic listener's trilogy</a>." Orlando Weekly. January 7, 2014. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/solillaquists-of-sounds-saga-comes-to-its-natural-conclusion/Content?oid=2241323. Strout, Justin. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/philosophy-of-love/Content?oid=2274026" target="_blank">Philosophy of Love</a>." . September 21, 2006. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/philosophy-of-love/Content?oid=2274026. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-02-19-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Slingapours-Orlando-FL/G0000QfFR9S.U_KM/I00008LEhWIIQOBY/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-02-19-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Slingapours-Orlando-FL/G0000QfFR9S.U_KM/I0000JbWZkALEJH4/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-02-19-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Slingapours-Orlando-FL/G0000QfFR9S.U_KM/I0000TaZvn_NgFw8/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-02-19-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Slingapours-Orlando-FL/G0000QfFR9S.U_KM/I0000WIpZOdnHYRo/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-02-19-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Slingapours-Orlando-FL/G0000QfFR9S.U_KM/I0000JhsX5jxoFgM/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alexandra Sarton Alexandrah Alicia Lyman alternative hip hop Asaan Brooks concert deejay disc jockey DiViNCi DJ Downtown Orlando emcee FAHEEM funk Glen Valencia, Jr. hip hop master of ceremonies MC MC Swamburger Media Player Classic MPC music musician orlando producer rap rapper Slingapour's Sol.illaquists of Sound Solilla Solillaquists of Sound Swam Tonya Combs underground hip hop underground music vocalist Wall Street Wall Street Plaza https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/672f3cc6c5e8d63fdea2f3fe4551bd11.JPG 71a738c0ff79ba083770bf85768bb1ed https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6e370e053521cef5fbdfe3ba813aa386.JPG 3c4e5391f1c9ffad27b03161cae59ed9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hip Hop Collection Alternative Title Hip Hop Collection Description Around the early 1970s, an underground urban cultural movement began to develop in the South Bronx in New York City, New York. As block parties became increasingly prevalent in the region, disc jockeys (DJs) would play popular musical genres, such as funk, disco, and soul, and began isolating the percussive instrumental breaks of songs. Immigrants from the Caribbean islands introduced this technique, known as dub music. Since the percussive breaks in these songs tended to be short, DJs extended them using two turntables. The movement that would become known as “hip hop” involved four distinct characteristics. In addition to turntablism, which is considered the aural element, the other characteristics include rap music, which is the oral element, b-boying—also known as breakdancing, which is the physical element—and graffiti art, which is the visual element. Other elements include beatboxing, which is a form of vocal percussion using one’s mouth to mimic a drum machine, and sampling, which is the act of taking a portion of a sound recording and reusing it as an instrument. Clive Campbell, known by his stage name DJ Kool Herc, is credited as the originator of hip hop music in the early 1970s. Although the genre developed in several places in the early 1970s, a concert performed by Herc is considered to be one of the pivotal and formative events that led to the rise of hip hop music and culture. Among those who claimed to be in attendance were a number of future hip hop stars, including Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaaraa, Red Alert, KRS-One, and Grandmaster Caz. In 1979, the Sugarhill Gang’s song, “Rapper’s Delight,” became the first hip hop record to gain widespread popularity in the mainstream. During the 1980s, the genre evolved and developed more complex styles, spreading across the country and throughout the world and leading to what would be known as new school hip hop. This Golden Age hip hop era spanned from around 1983 to the early 1990s, spawning innovators such as LL Cool J, Run-D.M.C., Public Enemy, Eric B. & Rakim, Big Daddy Kane, De La Soul, the Beastie Boys, and Juice Crew. Gangsta rap, a subgenre of hip hop with a lyrical focus on political and social commentary mixed with the realities of a criminal lifestyle, was pioneered in the mid-1980s by rappers such as Ice T, N.W.A., KRS-One, Just-Ice, Schoolly D, and the Geto Boys. By the early 1990s, gangsta rap further split into regional genres when West Coast rappers such as Ice Cube, Eazy E, Dr. Dre, Snoop Doggy Dogg, Warren G, Nate Dog, and 2Pac Shakur squared off against their East Coast counterparts, such as the Notorious B.I.G. (also known as Biggie Smalls), Puff Daddy, Lil’ Kim, the Wu-Tang Clan, Mobb Deep, and Nas. After the murders of Shakur and Smalls, gangsta rap peaked in its popularity, paving the way for mainstream rappers like Jay-Z, DMX, 50 Cent, Eminem, Nelly, and Drake. Mainstream rap has been criticized by hip hop fans and pioneers for its concern with image over substance, as opposed to alternative hip hop, which emerged simultaneously with artists such as OutKast, The Roots, Mos Def, Kanye West, Gnarls Barkley, Gorillas, M.I.A., and the Fugees, leading the way in innovating and revitalizing the genre. Florida has maintained a role in influencing and developing hip hop music and culture. Southern hip hop, which is also known as Dirty South, is a subgenre of hip hop that emerged in the Southeastern United States in cities such as Atlanta, Houston, Memphis, New Orleans, and Miami. Miami native, Debbie Harry, who was the lead singer of the American punk rock band Blondie in the mid-to-late 1970s, released a song entitled “Rapture” in 1981, which became the first rap song to top the Billboard Top 100 chart. The music video for the song became the first rap video to be broadcast on Music Television (MTV). Miami Bass, also known as booty music, emerged in the mid-1980s, with an emphasis on synthesizers and drum machines, raised dance tempos, and frequently sexually explicit lyrics and samples. Luther Campbell, also known as Uncle Luke, and his group, 2 Live Crew, played a crucial role in popularizing Miami Bass in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The group gained international notoriety in 1988, when a record store clerk was cited for selling a copy of their explicit album to an undercover police officer, which was the first time in the United States that a record store owner was held liable for an obscenity violation. Although the clerk was found not guilty by a jury, the group’s next album, As Nasty As They Wanna Be, was ruled obscene and illegal to sell by U.S. District Court Judge Jose Gonzalez, leading to the arrest of a local retailer two days later for selling a copy to an undercover officer, and to three of the members of the band after a performance in Hollywood, Florida. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit overturned the obscenity ruling in 1992, and the United States Supreme Court refused to hear Broward County’s appeal. Other notable hip hop artists from Florida include Rick Ross and Flo Rida, both from Carol City, Trick Daddy, Pitbull and Trina from Miami, T-Pain from Tallahassee, and Solillaquists of Sound from Orlando. External Reference Rose, Tricia. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/29358082" target="_blank">Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America</a>. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 1994. Ogbar, Jeffrey Ogbonna Green. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/153580063" target="_blank">Hip-Hop Revolution: The Culture and Politics of Rap</a>. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2007. Charnas, Dan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/426803687" target="_blank">The Big Payback: The History of the Business of Hip-Hop</a>. New York, N.Y.: New American Library, 2010. Light, Alan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41572698" target="_blank">The Vibe History of Hip Hop</a>. New York: Three Rivers Press, 1999. Subject Hip-hop--Southern States Music--United States Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Solillaquists of Sound at BackBooth, 2003 Alternative Title Solillaquists of Sound at BackBooth Subject Solillaquists of Sound (Musical group) Swamburger Hip-hop--Southern States Concerts--United States Orlando (Fla.) Rappers Musicians--Southern States Description Solillaquists of Sound performing live at BackBooth, located at 37 West Pine Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on October 25, 2003. The first photograph features Alexandra Sarton, popularly known as Alexandrah, and the second photograph shows, from left to right, Tonya Combs, and DiViNCi. Solillaquists of Sound, also known as Solilla, is an American hip-hop quartet formed in Orlando in August 2002. The group, consisting of MCs (masters of ceremonies) Swamburger and Alexandrah, poet/vocalist Tonya Combs, and producer/composer/MPC player DiViNCi, employs sophisticated, socially conscious lyrics and musical composition, based on the life-affirming, justice-oriented views held by the members. The group utilizes melody and harmony in their vocals, often delivering many punctuated syllables in rapid succession in tight synchronicity. In 2002, Asaan Brooks, also known as Swamburger, began having weekly meetings in his Orlando home about music, community involvement, spirituality, and veganism. At one of these meetings, Brooks and his friend, producer and MPC player Glen Valencia, Jr., also known as DiViNCi, with whom he had already recorded material, decided to begin performing together. A frequent attendee of their shows, Tonya Combs, joined them on background vocals, and soon the group's friend, singer Alexandra Sarton, also known as Alexandrah, left her home in Chicago, Illinois, to join the band. The group categorized themselves in their own genre, FAHEEM (funk/astro/hip-hop/extraterrestrially energized message), which they felt more accurately conveyed both their music and their beliefs regarding spirituality, life, and love. They were invited by hip-hop artist Sage Francis to tour with him, and his label, Epitaph, signed them to their sister label, Anti-, in early 2006. They recorded two albums under the label, As If We Existed (2006) and No More Heroes (2008), before leaving the label and producing their own albums, The 4th Wall: Part 1 (2012) and The 4th Wall: Part 2 (2013). In addition to Francis, the band has toured with artists such as Michael Franti & Spearhead, KRS-One, Bad Brains, Ozomatli, El-P, and Lyrics Born. The group is also known for their community involvement, appearing on a tribute record for fellow rapper/producer J Dilla, also known as James Dewitt Yancey, who passed away in 2006 from a blood disease. The album, Death of the Muse, featured J-Live, Chali 2na of Jurassic 5, and Maureen "Ma Dukes" Yancey,Maureen Yancey, the mother of J Dilla. Okayplayer.com featured the effort as one of their top news stories, and LA Weekly called the track "the most awesome song in the history of awesomedom." The group hopes to open the Solilla Center 4 Creative Kids, a non-profit school designed to empower youth with the knowledge of all things good for mind, body, and spirit, offering kids yoga, an art gallery, massage, a cafe, smoothie and juice bar, language, art, poetry, gardening, and vegan cooking classes, as well as an after-school tutoring program. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, October 25, 2003: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/154" target="_blank">Hip Hop Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, October 25, 2003. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-10-25-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Back-Booth-Orlando-FL/G0000cvnah3oFtms/I00006PYpGIWwnkA/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-10-25-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Back-Booth-Orlando-FL/G0000cvnah3oFtms/I00006PYpGIWwnkA/C0000fGs2siRdnQY</a> Coverage BackBooth, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2003-10-25 Date Copyrighted 2003-10-25 Format image/jpg Extent 11.1 KB 10.9 KB Medium 2 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Light, Alan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41572698" target="_blank">The Vibe History of Hip Hop</a>. New York: Three Rivers Press, 1999. Le-Huu, Bao. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/solillaquists-of-sounds-saga-comes-to-its-natural-conclusion/Content?oid=2241323" target="_blank">Solillaquists of Sound's saga comes to its natural conclusion: 'The 4th Wall' completes the group's epic listener's trilogy</a>." Orlando Weekly. January 7, 2014. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/solillaquists-of-sounds-saga-comes-to-its-natural-conclusion/Content?oid=2241323. Strout, Justin. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/philosophy-of-love/Content?oid=2274026" target="_blank">Philosophy of Love</a>." . September 21, 2006. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/philosophy-of-love/Content?oid=2274026. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-10-25-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Back-Booth-Orlando-FL/G0000cvnah3oFtms/I00006PYpGIWwnkA/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-10-25-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Back-Booth-Orlando-FL/G0000cvnah3oFtms/I0000p7AjiKyIYNE/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alexandra Sarton Alexandrah Alicia Lyman alternative hip hop alternative hip-hop BackBooth concert deejay disc jockey DiViNCi DJ Downtown Orlando FAHEEM funk hip hop music musician orlando Pine Street rap Sol.illaquists of Sound Solilla Solillaquists of Sound underground hip hop underground music vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ca2cffd72ae39cfafe3f4611da270ad9.JPG b8ca5255a582ba254f0b20027eb4288a https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b21d658a6e933c4491d2e452435c6c8f.JPG b2935f5a036691e2b13c6f354c95f5eb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hip Hop Collection Alternative Title Hip Hop Collection Description Around the early 1970s, an underground urban cultural movement began to develop in the South Bronx in New York City, New York. As block parties became increasingly prevalent in the region, disc jockeys (DJs) would play popular musical genres, such as funk, disco, and soul, and began isolating the percussive instrumental breaks of songs. Immigrants from the Caribbean islands introduced this technique, known as dub music. Since the percussive breaks in these songs tended to be short, DJs extended them using two turntables. The movement that would become known as “hip hop” involved four distinct characteristics. In addition to turntablism, which is considered the aural element, the other characteristics include rap music, which is the oral element, b-boying—also known as breakdancing, which is the physical element—and graffiti art, which is the visual element. Other elements include beatboxing, which is a form of vocal percussion using one’s mouth to mimic a drum machine, and sampling, which is the act of taking a portion of a sound recording and reusing it as an instrument. Clive Campbell, known by his stage name DJ Kool Herc, is credited as the originator of hip hop music in the early 1970s. Although the genre developed in several places in the early 1970s, a concert performed by Herc is considered to be one of the pivotal and formative events that led to the rise of hip hop music and culture. Among those who claimed to be in attendance were a number of future hip hop stars, including Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaaraa, Red Alert, KRS-One, and Grandmaster Caz. In 1979, the Sugarhill Gang’s song, “Rapper’s Delight,” became the first hip hop record to gain widespread popularity in the mainstream. During the 1980s, the genre evolved and developed more complex styles, spreading across the country and throughout the world and leading to what would be known as new school hip hop. This Golden Age hip hop era spanned from around 1983 to the early 1990s, spawning innovators such as LL Cool J, Run-D.M.C., Public Enemy, Eric B. & Rakim, Big Daddy Kane, De La Soul, the Beastie Boys, and Juice Crew. Gangsta rap, a subgenre of hip hop with a lyrical focus on political and social commentary mixed with the realities of a criminal lifestyle, was pioneered in the mid-1980s by rappers such as Ice T, N.W.A., KRS-One, Just-Ice, Schoolly D, and the Geto Boys. By the early 1990s, gangsta rap further split into regional genres when West Coast rappers such as Ice Cube, Eazy E, Dr. Dre, Snoop Doggy Dogg, Warren G, Nate Dog, and 2Pac Shakur squared off against their East Coast counterparts, such as the Notorious B.I.G. (also known as Biggie Smalls), Puff Daddy, Lil’ Kim, the Wu-Tang Clan, Mobb Deep, and Nas. After the murders of Shakur and Smalls, gangsta rap peaked in its popularity, paving the way for mainstream rappers like Jay-Z, DMX, 50 Cent, Eminem, Nelly, and Drake. Mainstream rap has been criticized by hip hop fans and pioneers for its concern with image over substance, as opposed to alternative hip hop, which emerged simultaneously with artists such as OutKast, The Roots, Mos Def, Kanye West, Gnarls Barkley, Gorillas, M.I.A., and the Fugees, leading the way in innovating and revitalizing the genre. Florida has maintained a role in influencing and developing hip hop music and culture. Southern hip hop, which is also known as Dirty South, is a subgenre of hip hop that emerged in the Southeastern United States in cities such as Atlanta, Houston, Memphis, New Orleans, and Miami. Miami native, Debbie Harry, who was the lead singer of the American punk rock band Blondie in the mid-to-late 1970s, released a song entitled “Rapture” in 1981, which became the first rap song to top the Billboard Top 100 chart. The music video for the song became the first rap video to be broadcast on Music Television (MTV). Miami Bass, also known as booty music, emerged in the mid-1980s, with an emphasis on synthesizers and drum machines, raised dance tempos, and frequently sexually explicit lyrics and samples. Luther Campbell, also known as Uncle Luke, and his group, 2 Live Crew, played a crucial role in popularizing Miami Bass in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The group gained international notoriety in 1988, when a record store clerk was cited for selling a copy of their explicit album to an undercover police officer, which was the first time in the United States that a record store owner was held liable for an obscenity violation. Although the clerk was found not guilty by a jury, the group’s next album, As Nasty As They Wanna Be, was ruled obscene and illegal to sell by U.S. District Court Judge Jose Gonzalez, leading to the arrest of a local retailer two days later for selling a copy to an undercover officer, and to three of the members of the band after a performance in Hollywood, Florida. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit overturned the obscenity ruling in 1992, and the United States Supreme Court refused to hear Broward County’s appeal. Other notable hip hop artists from Florida include Rick Ross and Flo Rida, both from Carol City, Trick Daddy, Pitbull and Trina from Miami, T-Pain from Tallahassee, and Solillaquists of Sound from Orlando. External Reference Rose, Tricia. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/29358082" target="_blank">Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America</a>. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 1994. Ogbar, Jeffrey Ogbonna Green. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/153580063" target="_blank">Hip-Hop Revolution: The Culture and Politics of Rap</a>. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2007. Charnas, Dan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/426803687" target="_blank">The Big Payback: The History of the Business of Hip-Hop</a>. New York, N.Y.: New American Library, 2010. Light, Alan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41572698" target="_blank">The Vibe History of Hip Hop</a>. New York: Three Rivers Press, 1999. Subject Hip-hop--Southern States Music--United States Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Solillaquists of Sound at Wall Street Plaza, 2014 Alternative Title Solillaquists of Sound at Wall Street Subject Solillaquists of Sound (Musical group) Swamburger Hip-hop--Southern States Concerts--United States Orlando (Fla.) Rappers Musicians--Southern States Description Solillaquists of Sound performing live at the Florida Music Festival, held at Wall Street Plaza in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on April 24, 2014. These photographs features, from left to right, Tonya Combs, Asaan Brooks, Glen Valencia, Jr., and Alexandra Sarton. The Florida Music Festival (FMF) was founded by aXis Magazine & Promotions in 2002 as a three-day music festival and conference that showcases unsigned artists while promoting major national acts. Solillaquists of Sound, also known as Solilla, is an American hip-hop quartet formed in Orlando in August 2002. The group, consisting of MCs (masters of ceremonies) Swamburger and Alexandrah, poet/vocalist Tonya Combs, and producer/composer/MPC player DiViNCi, employs sophisticated, socially conscious lyrics and musical composition, based on the life-affirming, justice-oriented views held by the members. The group utilizes melody and harmony in their vocals, often delivering many punctuated syllables in rapid succession in tight synchronicity. In 2002, Asaan Brooks, also known as Swamburger, began having weekly meetings in his Orlando home about music, community involvement, spirituality, and veganism. At one of these meetings, Brooks and his friend, producer and MPC player Glen Valencia, Jr., also known as DiViNCi, with whom he had already recorded material, decided to begin performing together. A frequent attendee of their shows, Tonya Combs, joined them on background vocals, and soon the group's friend, singer Alexandra Sarton, also known as Alexandrah, left her home in Chicago, Illinois, to join the band. The group categorized themselves in their own genre, FAHEEM (funk/astro/hip-hop/extraterrestrially energized message), which they felt more accurately conveyed both their music and their beliefs regarding spirituality, life, and love. They were invited by hip-hop artist Sage Francis to tour with him, and his label, Epitaph, signed them to their sister label, Anti-, in early 2006. They recorded two albums under the label, As If We Existed (2006) and No More Heroes (2008), before leaving the label and producing their own albums, The 4th Wall: Part 1 (2012) and The 4th Wall: Part 2 (2013). In addition to Francis, the band has toured with artists such as Michael Franti & Spearhead, KRS-One, Bad Brains, Ozomatli, El-P, and Lyrics Born. The group is also known for their community involvement, appearing on a tribute record for fellow rapper/producer J Dilla, also known as James Dewitt Yancey, who passed away in 2006 from a blood disease. The album, Death of the Muse, featured J-Live, Chali 2na of Jurassic 5, and Maureen "Ma Dukes" Yancey,Maureen Yancey, the mother of J Dilla. Okayplayer.com featured the effort as one of their top news stories, and LA Weekly called the track "the most awesome song in the history of awesomedom." The group hopes to open the Solilla Center 4 Creative Kids, a non-profit school designed to empower youth with the knowledge of all things good for mind, body, and spirit, offering kids yoga, an art gallery, massage, a cafe, smoothie and juice bar, language, art, poetry, gardening, and vegan cooking classes, as well as an after-school tutoring program. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, April 24, 2014: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/154" target="_blank">Hip Hop Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, April 24, 2014. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Wall-St-Plaza-2014FMF-Orlando-FL/G0000j5MxJA.FdtU/I0000tosLXcv8ptE/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Wall-St-Plaza-2014FMF-Orlando-FL/G0000j5MxJA.FdtU/I0000tosLXcv8ptE/C0000fGs2siRdnQY</a> Coverage Wall Street Plaza, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2014-04-24 Date Copyrighted 2014-04-24 Format image/jpg Extent 26.7 KB 21.5 KB Medium 2 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Light, Alan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41572698" target="_blank">The Vibe History of Hip Hop</a>. New York: Three Rivers Press, 1999. Le-Huu, Bao. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/solillaquists-of-sounds-saga-comes-to-its-natural-conclusion/Content?oid=2241323" target="_blank">Solillaquists of Sound's saga comes to its natural conclusion: 'The 4th Wall' completes the group's epic listener's trilogy</a>." Orlando Weekly. January 7, 2014. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/solillaquists-of-sounds-saga-comes-to-its-natural-conclusion/Content?oid=2241323. Strout, Justin. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/philosophy-of-love/Content?oid=2274026" target="_blank">Philosophy of Love</a>." . September 21, 2006. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/philosophy-of-love/Content?oid=2274026. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Wall-St-Plaza-2014FMF-Orlando-FL/G0000j5MxJA.FdtU/I0000RCPXr.ed4LQ/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-SOLILLAQUISTS-OF-SOUND-Wall-St-Plaza-2014FMF-Orlando-FL/G0000j5MxJA.FdtU/I0000tosLXcv8ptE/C0000fGs2siRdnQY" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alexandra Sarton Alexandrah Alicia Lyman alternative hip hop alternative hip-hop Asaan Brooks concert deejay disc jockey DJ Downtown Orlando emcee FAHEEM festival Florida Music Festival FMF funk Glen Valencia, Jr. hip hop master of ceremonies MC MC Swamburger Media Player Classic MPC music musician orlando rap rapper Sol.illaquists of Sound Solilla Solillaquists of Sound Swam Tonya Combs underground hip hop underground music vocalist Wall Street Plaza https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4029220673ffa782e944e40c9e3bf2cd.JPG 4c5c4beaeb0803ecd7249e658dcd9164 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e293143c208f68e1ef45481f0a7a9f12.JPG f7978bdf1537ef439b7371f09ef363f5 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a92342161d6fcb7f219bf6eaebedc9cd.JPG 097d74296bf46eb247ba92e3938b695b https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6e11112aa4176c64b34eb0a4bad4662d.JPG 8bef3cc1f13f6e75486b7e58465e20d6 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/71c08473eba29953278946be243879b6.JPG 9bf936e45576f343c648bec34365ebed https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c41502b2d6cfa2a8d1b840f4e3ee38ec.JPG 2a151042574651aea5bed9e229b3bd03 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/733f7513ea9976a7618ccae36280b731.JPG 01be2dc83d3b62f87d566eb6e34c0cf2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Folk Collection Alternative Title Folk Collection Subject Music--United States Folk music--United States Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of folk music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Folk music varies by country and region, but is typically described as acoustic-based music that embraces the life and struggles of the common man and the events of everyday life. “Folk” comes from the term “folklore,” which was derived by William Thomas in 1846, to describe “the traditions, customs, and superstitions of the uncultured classes.” Although the definition of folk music is elusive, the International Folk Music Council defines it as “the product of a musical tradition that has been evolved through the process of oral transmission. The factors that shape the tradition are: (1) continuity which links the present with the past; (2) variation which springs from the creative impulse of the individual or the group; and (3) selection by the community which determines the form or forms in which the music survives." Before sound recording and reproduction allowed people to listen to recorded music, songs were often passed down through oral traditions, creating variants. Cecil Sharp, considered by many to be the founding father of the folklore revival in early 20th century England, believed that competing variants of a traditional folk song created a process of natural selection, eventually creating a more perfect version, shaped by the community. By the end of the 1930s, American folk music had become a social movement, and by the 1960s, folk genres varied as much as the definition of the term itself. The Library of Congress attempted to capture as much North American field material as possible in the 1930s and 1940s, working through the vast collections of collectors such as Alan Lomax and Robert Winslow Gordon. On behalf of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), teams of writers and scholars across the United States collected materials about the places they saw and the people they met. Fieldworkers from the Florida Folklore Project, in conjunction with the Florida Federal Writers' Project, the Florida Music Project, and the Joint Committee on Folk Arts of the Work Projects Administration, concentrated on enclaves known for preserving ethnic traditions, documenting African-American, Arabic, Bahamian, British-American, Cuban, Greek, Italian, Minorcan, Seminole, and Slavic cultures throughout Florida. Florida is home to two significant folk festivals, including the annual Will McLean Music Festival, which is held at the Sertoma Youth Camp in Brooksville, Florida; and the Florida Folk Festival, an annual festival of music, food, and traditional arts to highlight and celebrate Florida's many folk cultures and traditions. Contributor <a href="http://www.wucftv.org/home/" target="_blank">WUCF-TV</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage WUCF-TV, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Valencia College, Orlando, Florida The Social, Downtown Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference DeVane, Dwight, Blaine Waide, Peggy A. Bulger, Doris J. Dyen, and David Evans. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/856993560" target="_blank">Drop on Down in Florida: Field Recordings of African American Traditional Music 1977-1980</a>. Atlanta, Ga: Dust-to-Digital, 2012. Karpeles, Maud, and A. H. Fox Strangways. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1292970" target="_blank">Cecil Sharp: His Life and Work</a>. [Chicago]: University of Chicago Press, 1967. Lloyd, A. L. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/429559" target="_blank">Folk Song in England</a>. New York: International Publishers, 1967. Lornell, Kip. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/56942443" target="_blank">The NPR Curious Listener's Guide to American Folk Music</a>. New York: Berkley Pub. Group, 2004. McLean, Will. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1599000" target="_blank">Florida Sand; Original Songs and Stories of Florida</a>. 1969. Morris, Alton Chester, and Leonhard Deutsch. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/20853347" target="_blank">Folksongs of Florida</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1990. Seeger, Ruth Crawford, Larry Polansky, and Judith Tick. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46909473" target="_blank">"The Music of American Folk Song" and Selected Other Writings on American Folk Music</a>. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2001. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 7 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Bloody Jug Band, 2014 Alternative Title Bloody Jug Band Subject Orlando (Fla.) Concerts--United States Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Folk music--Florida Blues (Music)--Florida Description The Bloody Jug Band at The Social, located at 54 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida, during the Florida Music Festival on April 26, 2014. The Florida Music Festival, or FMF, was founded by aXis Magazine & Promotions in 2002 as a three day music festival and conference that showcases unsigned artists while promoting major national acts. The Bloody Jug Band is an eight-piece band that formed in Orlando in 2009, whose music combines elements of folk, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, and Americana. Drawing inspiration from historic jug bands of the 1920s and 1930s, the group employs traditional jug band instruments, such as a washboard, washtub bass, cajón, spoons, mandolin and harmonica, and incorporates acoustic guitar, electric guitar, and drums. The band consists of John Theisen (Cragmire Peace) on vocals and washboard, Stormy Jean Casselman (Stormy Jean) on vocals and cowbell, Brian Blodgett (Brian Shredder) on acoustic guitar and mandolin, Seth Ambler (Seth Funky) on washtub bass, Rick Lane (Bloody Rick) on harmonica, Jermichael Duffy (Big Daddy Jerm, Dracula Mohammad) on jug, percussion and kazoo, Dakota Butts (Baby Dingo) on cajón and spoons, and Steven Marshall (Ste-evil) on electric guitar and banjo. Raymond Krugh (DeathRay) took over on electric guitar briefly while Marshall spent time with his newborn baby. The band has performed across the Southeastern United States, sharing the stage with notable acts such as Reverend Peyton's Big Damn Band, Joe Buck, Edwin McCain, 3 Bad Jacks, and Old Man Markley. In 2013, the band appeared in a music video for the song, "Timber," by hip-hop recording artists Pitbull and Kesha. The first photograph features Theisen and Lane. The rest of the photographs show individual band members Butts, Lane, Duffy, Theisen, and Casselman, respectively. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, April 26, 2014: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/143" target="_blank">Folk Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, April 26, 2014. Coverage The Social, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia <a href="http://www.wucftv.org/home/" target="_blank">WUCF-TV</a> Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2014-04-26 Date Copyrighted 2014-04-26 Format image/jpg Medium 7 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Abbott, Jim. "<a href="http://www.orlandosentinel.com/entertainment/music/soundboard/os-florida-music-festival-saturday-20140426-post.html" target="_blank">Florida Music Festival 2014: Saturday</a>." Orlando Sentinel. April 27, 2014. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/entertainment/music/soundboard/os-florida-music-festival-saturday-20140426-post.html. Limnios, Michael. "<a href="http://blues.gr/profiles/blogs/an-interview-with-the-bloody-jug-band-the-darker-side-of-blues" target="_blank">An Interview with the Bloody Jug Band: The darker side of Blues and Rock n’ Roll from swamps of Florida</a>." Blues.gr. http://blues.gr/profiles/blogs/an-interview-with-the-bloody-jug-band-the-darker-side-of-blues. Jones, Michael L. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/870099163" target="_blank">Louisville Jug Music: From Earl McDonald to the National Jubilee</a>. 2014. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-26-FMF-SATURDAY/G0000ugGBd2YGgCY/I0000S7Pka7N9GzM/C0000Ww7xV_PvdPo" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-26-FMF-SATURDAY/G0000ugGBd2YGgCY/I0000eLw3SGKJBV4/C0000Ww7xV_PvdPo" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-26-FMF-SATURDAY/G0000ugGBd2YGgCY/I0000IO13bxVb8TU/C0000Ww7xV_PvdPo" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-26-FMF-SATURDAY/G0000ugGBd2YGgCY/I000007hnRLw5r7Y/C0000Ww7xV_PvdPo" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-26-FMF-SATURDAY/G0000ugGBd2YGgCY/I00006rjBTHFRj7g/C0000Ww7xV_PvdPo" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-26-FMF-SATURDAY/G0000ugGBd2YGgCY/I00007jPk4ZzanwA/C0000Ww7xV_PvdPo" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-04-26-FMF-SATURDAY/G0000ugGBd2YGgCY/I0000BTwpXWb0TVg/C0000Ww7xV_PvdPo" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> acoustic Americana aXis aXis Magazine & Promotions Baby Dingo Bloody Rick blues cajón concert Cragmire Peace Dakota Butts Downtown Orlando festival Florida Music Festival FMF folk harmonica harp John Theisen jug band mouth harp music musician Orange Avenue orlando Rick Lane The Bloody Jug Band The Social vocalist washboard https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fa654b2121622ae5b1e3f56002b133ed.jpg 0c03360dd5aadea6fe5417db9a1f64b7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Ralphfest 2 at The Beacham Alternative Title Ralphfest at Beacham Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Festivals--Southern States Concerts--United States Nightclubs--United States Description The Beacham Theater, located at 46 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida, during Ralphfest 2. Ralphfest is an annual concert festival in Downtown Orlando, Florida, that celebrates the memory and musical influence of Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Ameduri was an Orlando musician who was murdered on September 10, 2011, in a robbery attempt on a patio behind Jessie's Bar, a Winter Haven music club where he was filling in for a member of local band, Thomas Wynn &amp the Believers. The inaugural concert was arranged to cover his funeral expenses and, since then, proceeds from the events have gone to the Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Music Scholarship Fund, which operates through the Foundation for Seminole County Public Schools, awarding a musical instruments to graduating high school students. Ralphfest 2 took place on November 24, 2012, on three different stages: one at The Beacham Theater, one at The Social, and one at The Outside Elixir Stage on Washington Street. The benefit features 26 bands that Ameduri was part of, worked with, had close ties to, or enjoyed, as well as multiple DJs. Some of the performers included Thomas Wynn &amp the Believers, The Ludes, Music's Milka Ramos, SUNNY, The Downgetters featuring Kaleigh Baker, Riverbottom Nightmare Band, The Legendary JC's, funkUs, and The Woolly Bushmen. Ralphfest 2 raised $10,000. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 24, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 24, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000T9fKyDE5T7E/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000T9fKyDE5T7E/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8</a>. Coverage The Beacham Theater, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-24 Date Copyrighted 2012-11-24 Format image/jpg Extent 37.2 KB Medium 1 color photograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Abbott, Jim. "<a href="http://www.orlandosentinel.com/entertainment/music/os-ralph-fest-2015-jim-abbott-010215-20150101-column.html" target="_blank">Ralphfest 4 moves beyond the grief</a>." Orlando Sentinel. January 1, 2015. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/entertainment/music/os-ralph-fest-2015-jim-abbott-010215-20150101-column.html. Manes, Billy. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/trial-of-local-musician-ralph-ameduris-killer-concludes/Content?oid=2242170" target="_blank">Trial of local musician Ralph Ameduri's killer concludes</a>." Orlando Weekly. February 4, 2014. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/trial-of-local-musician-ralph-ameduris-killer-concludes/Content?oid=2242170. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000T9fKyDE5T7E/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> accordion acoustic guitar bar concert Downtown Orlando Fedde Le Grand festival Foundation for Seminole County Public Schools fundraiser fundraising guitar music musician nightclub Orange Avenue orlando Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Music Scholarship Fund Ralphfest Ralphfest 2 Ralphfest II Sun Barrios The Beacham Theater Yodock https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4789aed7b1f4d04d8b6f5a97734bf416.jpg d7cf7d288265dd4dd38728f89e135c81 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 black and white photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Milkanette "Milka" Ramos at Ralphfest 2 Alternative Title Milka Ramos at Ralphfest Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Festivals--Southern States Concerts--United States Rock music--United States Nightclubs--United States Description Milkanette "Milka" Ramos performing live with the band, MILKA, at Ralphfest 2 at The Social, located at 54 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on November 24, 2012. MILKA is a rock band formed in Orlando, consisting of Ramos on guitar and vocals, Tony Roman on bass, and Troy Garfield Goins on drums. The combination of bilingual feminist front-woman Ramos and the Latin-influenced percussion creates a unique hard rock sound that transcends genres. The band released an album in 2002, entitled, Fire in the Sky. Type Still Image Source Original black and white photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 24, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original black and white photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 24, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I00007_4gjMpH.xU/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I00007_4gjMpH.xU/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8</a>. Coverage The Social, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-24 Date Copyrighted 2012-11-24 Format image/jpg Extent 25.6 KB Medium 1 black and white photograph Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Le-Huu, Bao. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/this-little-underground/Content?oid=2252720" target="_blank">This Little Underground</a>.” Orlando Weekly. May 10, 2007. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/this-little-underground/Content?oid=2252720. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I00007_4gjMpH.xU/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> concert festival Foundation for Seminole County Public Schools fundraiser fundraising hard rock MILKA Milka Ramos Milkanette "Milka" Ramos music musician Orange Avenue orlando Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Music Scholarship Fund Ralphfest Ralphfest 2 Ralphfest II rock rock music The Social https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c8ae6f89d78d8b76cbd26170afba3e0a.jpg 99ae2650489f88be09660ec6b45139a1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Kaleigh Baker and The Downgetters at Ralphfest 2 Alternative Title Baker and Downgetters at Ralphfest Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Festivals--Southern States Concerts--United States Nightclubs--United States Description Kaleigh Baker and The Downgetters performing live at Ralphfest 2 at The Beacham Theater, located at 46 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on November 24, 2012. The Downgetters is an all-star band from Orlando, featuring, from left to right, guitarist Brian Chodorcoff, drummer Mark Janssen, vocalist Kaleigh Baker, bassist Mike Kossler, and guitarist Jeff Nolan. The band also includes vocalist/guitarist Joseph Martens and saxophonist/keyboardist Nathan Anderson, neither of whom appear in the photograph. Originally from Western New York, Kaleigh Baker is a jazz/blues/rock singer-songwriter based out of Orlando. Known for her soulful vocal delivery and incredible range, Baker tours relentlessly, sharing the stage with notable performers such as B. B. King, Buddy Guy, Trombone Shorty, Tony Hall, Kevn Kinney, Aaron Lee Tasjan, Boz Scaggs, Juliette Lewis, and Terri Binion. Baker played Janis Joplin in a play entitled, "Janis Joplin, Little Girl Blue," at the 2015 Orlando International Fringe Festival, winning several audience choice awards, including Best of the Fest, Best Female Performer, and Best Show in the Gold Venue. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 24, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 24, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000x7d02lDORLU/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000x7d02lDORLU/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8</a>. Coverage The Beacham Theater, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-24 Date Copyrighted 2012-11-24 Format image/jpg Extent 32.1 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Manes, Billy. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322" target="_blank">Kaleigh Baker is back in town</a>.” Orlando Weekly. October 16, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322. Belanger, Ashley. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue" target="_blank">Fringe 2015 review: ‘Janis Joplin, Little Girl Blue</a>.” Orlando Weekly. May 15, 2015. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue. Strout, Justin. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683" target="_blank">Fire and pain: Blues-soul lady-in-waiting Kaleigh Baker makes a strong claim to the throne</a>.” Orlando Weekly. August 10, 2011. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000x7d02lDORLU/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> bass guitar bassist Brian Chodorcoff concert drum drummer electric guitar festival Foundation for Seminole County Public Schools fundraiser fundraising guitar guitarist Jeffrey Nolan Joseph Martens Kaleigh Baker Mark Janssen Michael Kossler music musician Nathan Anderson Orange Avenue orlando Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Music Scholarship Fund Ralphfest Ralphfest 2 Ralphfest II The Beacham Theater The Downgetters vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/8c730a185300cf7ae33c45f5d95aebd1.jpg 598ba583c8f06fe0f08dba5245fc7643 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f6163b7c585416e0b70fc1eb03ba0420.jpg 651e720e33a98c1823fb71ad3cb0d9f6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Legendary JC's at Ralphfest 2 Alternative Title Legendary JC's at Ralphfest Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Festivals--Southern States Concerts--United States Rhythm and blues music--United States R&B (Music) Soul music--United States Funk (Music)--United States Blues (Music)--Florida Nightclubs--United States Description The Legendary JC's performing live at Ralphfest 2 at The Beacham Theater, located at 46 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on November 24, 2012. The Legendary JC’s, also known as The Joint Chiefs, are an R&B/soul/funk/blues band that was formed by lead vocalist Eugene Snowden in 2000, consisting of an alternating lineup of all-star Central Florida musicians. This photograph features, from left to right, an unidentified guitar player, Roland Simmons, an unidentified harmonica player, Eugene Snowden, Craig Cobb, Katie Burkess, Michael Lashinsky, and an unidentified keyboardist. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, November 24, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, November 24, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000tYq35m54Fx4/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000tYq35m54Fx4/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000GjmLESU9Jew/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000GjmLESU9Jew/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8</a>. Coverage The Beacham Theater, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-24 Date Copyrighted 2012-11-24 Format image/jpg Extent 40.2 KB 38.2 KB Medium 2 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Bolden, Tony. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/212328134" target="_blank">The Funk Era and Beyond: New Perspectives on Black Popular Culture</a>. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. Vincent, Rickey. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32820668" target="_blank">Funk: The Music, the People, and the Rhythm of the One</a>. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1996. Guralnick, Peter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13002980" target="_blank">Sweet Soul Music: Rhythm and Blues and the Southern Dream of Freedom</a>. New York: Harper &amp Row, 1986. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000tYq35m54Fx4/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/RALPH-FEST-2012/G0000Hji6yLzM_3w/I0000GjmLESU9Jew/C0000fnM5ntjHkP8" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> blues Clay Watson concert Craig Cobb Eugene Snowden festival Foundation for Seminole County Public Schools fundraiser fundraising funk Joint Chiefs Katie Burkess Michael Lashinsky music musician orlando R&B Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Music Scholarship Fund Ralphfest Ralphfest 2 Ralphfest II rhythm and blues Roland Simmons soul soul music The Joint Chiefs The Legendary JC's https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/926bfd7a01619b0d1d1ad97734fa2211.jpg cbbfb4fcd15b877baa814b37b57982c4 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/08f0a740f5ea8e22911099d9ab86a5a9.jpg 7384d4c8a33776733815607c526a4530 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters at Orlando Calling, 2011 Alternative Title Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters at Orlando Calling Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Festivals--Southern States Concerts--United States Nightclubs--United States Rock music--United States Jazz--United States Blues (Music)--Florida Description Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters performing live at the Orlando Calling music festival at Florida Citrus Bowl Stadium, located at 1 Citrus Bowl Plaza in Orlando, Florida, on November 12, 2011. Orlando Calling was a two-day music festival that showcased local as well as popular international artists. The 2011 headliners included Bob Seger, The Killers, The Raconteurs, Kid Rock, The Pixies, Blake Shelton, The Doobie Brothers and The Roots. The festival would not return the next year due to poor ticket sales. The first photograph features guitarist Brian Chodorcoff, saxophonist/keyboardist Nathan Anderson, vocalist Kaleigh Baker, an unidentified drummer, and bassist Erin Nolan. The second photograph shows Anderson and Baker. The Downgetters is an all-star band from Orlando, featuring Baker, vocalist/guitarist Joseph Martens, guitarist Brian Chodorcoff, guitarist Jeff Nolan, bassist Mike Kossler, Anderson, and drummer Mark Janssen. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, November 22, 2011: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, November 22, 2011. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-11-22-KALEIGH-BAKER-Orlando-Calling-Orlando-FL/G0000gcv5TNwE1GM/I0000Caunyy48YO4/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-11-22-KALEIGH-BAKER-Orlando-Calling-Orlando-FL/G0000gcv5TNwE1GM/I0000Caunyy48YO4/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-11-22-KALEIGH-BAKER-Orlando-Calling-Orlando-FL/G0000gcv5TNwE1GM/I0000kFK8FgRBr78/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-11-22-KALEIGH-BAKER-Orlando-Calling-Orlando-FL/G0000gcv5TNwE1GM/I0000kFK8FgRBr78/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw</a>. Coverage Florida Citrus Bowl Stadium, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2011-11-22 Date Copyrighted 2011-11-22 Format image/jpg Extent 32.9 KB Medium 2 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Manes, Billy. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322" target="_blank">Kaleigh Baker is back in town</a>." Orlando Weekly. October 16, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322. Belanger, Ashley. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue" target="_blank">Fringe 2015 review: ‘Janis Joplin, Little Girl Blue</a>." Orlando Weekly. May 15, 2015. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue. Strout, Justin. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683" target="_blank">Fire and pain: Blues-soul lady-in-waiting Kaleigh Baker makes a strong claim to the throne</a>." Orlando Weekly. August 10, 2011. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-11-22-KALEIGH-BAKER-Orlando-Calling-Orlando-FL/G0000gcv5TNwE1GM/I0000Caunyy48YO4/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-11-22-KALEIGH-BAKER-Orlando-Calling-Orlando-FL/G0000gcv5TNwE1GM/I0000kFK8FgRBr78/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> bass guitar bassist blues Brian Chodorcoff Citrus Bowl Plaza concert drum drummer Erin Nolan festival Florida Citrus Bowl Florida Citrus Bowl Stadium guitar guitarist jazz Kaleigh Baker Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters music musician Nathan Anderson nightclub orlando Orlando Calling rock rock music saxophone saxophonist singer vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0e29fcb559f3a813314cf4af7aebed14.jpg 7551bd3f27e1a33a1ff727fa9d827317 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters at House of Blues Orlando, 2012 Alternative Title Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters at House of Blues Subject Orlando (Fla.) Lake Buena Vista (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Nightclubs--United States Rock music--United States Jazz--United States Blues (Music)--Florida Description Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters performing live at House of Blues Orlando, located at 1490 East Buena Vista Drive in Lake Buena Vista, Florida on August 25, 2012. This photograph features guitarist Brian Chodorcoff, vocalist Kaleigh Baker, bassist Erin Nolan, and saxophonist/keyboardist Nathan Anderson. The Downgetters is an all-star band from Orlando, featuring Baker, vocalist/guitarist Joseph Martens, guitarist Chodorcoff, guitarist Jeff Nolan, bassist Mike Kossler, Anderson, and drummer Mark Janssen. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, August 25, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, August 25, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-KALEIGH-BAKER-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G00007TLEMM6IWvE/I0000jKXSZFZ.5K0/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw/" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-KALEIGH-BAKER-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G00007TLEMM6IWvE/I0000jKXSZFZ.5K0/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw/</a>. Coverage House of Blues Orlando, Lake Buena Vista, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-08-25 Date Copyrighted 2012-08-25 Format image/jpg Extent 39 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Manes, Billy. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322" target="_blank">Kaleigh Baker is back in town</a>." Orlando Weekly. October 16, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322. Belanger, Ashley. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue" target="_blank">Fringe 2015 review: ‘Janis Joplin, Little Girl Blue</a>." Orlando Weekly. May 15, 2015. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue. Strout, Justin. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683" target="_blank">Fire and pain: Blues-soul lady-in-waiting Kaleigh Baker makes a strong claim to the throne</a>." Orlando Weekly. August 10, 2011. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-KALEIGH-BAKER-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G00007TLEMM6IWvE/I0000jKXSZFZ.5K0/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw/" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> bass guitar bassist blues Brian Chodorcoff Buena Vista Drive concert Erin Nolan guitar guitarist House of Blues Orlando jazz Kaleigh Baker Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters Lake Buena Vista music musician Nathan Anderson nightclub orlando rock rock music vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/24d9147fd431606fb48d95c62d4fb5b9.jpg 5eccc8c7e1cc544c06dd7d66be538032 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/02b4ae72ed63a879ee9cf93c3a12d003.jpg c9d5a3f23d44b53d1797f731fbcfb773 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters at The Beacham Theater, 2012 Alternative Title Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters at The Beacham Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Nightclubs--United States Rock music--United States Jazz--United States Blues (Music)--Florida Description Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters performing live at Ralphfest 2 at The Beacham Theater in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on November 24, 2012. The photograph features, from left to right, guitarist Brian Chodorcoff, drummer Mark Janssen, vocalist Kaleigh Baker, bassist Mike Kossler, and guitarist Jeff Nolan. The Downgetters is an all-star band from Orlando, featuring Baker, vocalist/guitarist Joseph Martens, Chodorcoff, Nolan, Kossler, saxophonist/keyboards Nathan Anderson, and Janssen. Ralphfest is an annual concert festival in Downtown Orlando, Florida, that celebrates the memory and musical influence of Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Ameduri was an Orlando musician who was murdered on September 10, 2011, in a robbery attempt on a patio behind Jessie's Bar, a Winter Haven music club where he was filling in for a member of local band, Thomas Wynn & the Believers. The inaugural concert was arranged to cover his funeral expenses and, since then, proceeds from the events have gone to the Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Music Scholarship Fund, which operates through the Foundation for Seminole County Public Schools, awarding a musical instruments to graduating high school students. Ralphfest 2 took place on November 24, 2012, on three different stages: one at The Beacham Theater, one at The Social, and one at The Outside Elixir Stage on Washington Street. The benefit features 26 bands that Ameduri was part of, worked with, had close ties to, or enjoyed, as well as multiple DJs. Some of the performers included Thomas Wynn & the Believers, The Ludes, Music's Milka Ramos, SUNNY, The Downgetters featuring Kaleigh Baker, Riverbottom Nightmare Band, The Legendary JC's, funkUs, and The Woolly Bushmen. Ralphfest 2 raised $10,000. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, November 24, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, November 24, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-24-KALEIGH-BAKER-with-THE-DOWNGETTERS-RALPHFEST-The-Beacham-Theater-Orlando-FL/G0000qkgT9LRSImY/I00001HEMzJ.arPo/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-24-KALEIGH-BAKER-with-THE-DOWNGETTERS-RALPHFEST-The-Beacham-Theater-Orlando-FL/G0000qkgT9LRSImY/I00001HEMzJ.arPo/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-24-KALEIGH-BAKER-with-THE-DOWNGETTERS-RALPHFEST-The-Beacham-Theater-Orlando-FL/G0000qkgT9LRSImY/I00007.Hm9G7_.0c/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-24-KALEIGH-BAKER-with-THE-DOWNGETTERS-RALPHFEST-The-Beacham-Theater-Orlando-FL/G0000qkgT9LRSImY/I00007.Hm9G7_.0c/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw</a>. Coverage The Beacham Theater, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-24 Date Copyrighted 2012-11-24 Format image/jpg Extent 37.3 KB 36.8 KB Medium 2 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Abbott, Jim. "<a href="http://www.orlandosentinel.com/entertainment/music/os-ralph-fest-2015-jim-abbott-010215-20150101-column.html" target="_blank">Ralphfest 4 moves beyond the grief</a>." Orlando Sentinel. January 1, 2015. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/entertainment/music/os-ralph-fest-2015-jim-abbott-010215-20150101-column.html. Manes, Billy. "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/trial-of-local-musician-ralph-ameduris-killer-concludes/Content?oid=2242170" target="_blank">Trial of local musician Ralph Ameduri's killer concludes</a>." Orlando Weekly. February 4, 2014. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/trial-of-local-musician-ralph-ameduris-killer-concludes/Content?oid=2242170. Manes, Billy. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322" target="_blank">Kaleigh Baker is back in town</a>.” Orlando Weekly. October 16, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322. Belanger, Ashley. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue" target="_blank">Fringe 2015 review: ‘Janis Joplin, Little Girl Blue</a>.” Orlando Weekly. May 15, 2015. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue. Strout, Justin. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683" target="_blank">Fire and pain: Blues-soul lady-in-waiting Kaleigh Baker makes a strong claim to the throne</a>.” Orlando Weekly. August 10, 2011. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-24-KALEIGH-BAKER-with-THE-DOWNGETTERS-RALPHFEST-The-Beacham-Theater-Orlando-FL/G0000qkgT9LRSImY/I00001HEMzJ.arPo/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-24-KALEIGH-BAKER-with-THE-DOWNGETTERS-RALPHFEST-The-Beacham-Theater-Orlando-FL/G0000qkgT9LRSImY/I00007.Hm9G7_.0c/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> bass guitar bassist blues Brian Chodorcoff concert Downtown Orlando drum drummer electric guitar festival Foundation for Seminole County Public Schools fundraiser fundraising guitar guitarist jazz Jeffrey Nolan Joseph Martens Kaleigh Baker Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters Mark Janssen Michael Kossler music musician Nathan Anderson nightclub orlando Ralph Ameduri Jr. Music Scholarship Fund Ralph Ameduri, Jr. Ralphfest 2 Ralphfest II rock rock music singer The Downgetters vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/51acd98dc78a37dbf2a25c8bc796385d.JPG 3364fb1b69f027030167304c0e93afea https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e3b37492d2933b5abda2f3ce7b4f9c33.JPG e2cd3bf728439e3aa80ccaf043f4e251 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/99dceea6cbccf1d34e7f4ead85a15a17.JPG d0380a652d076e51676a2d0393bd9efe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 3 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title JunkieRush at Will's Pub, 2003 Alternative Title JunkieRush at Will's Pub Subject Orlando (Fla.) Concerts--United States Reggae music--Florida Rock music--United States Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Funk (Music)--United States Ska (Music) Nightclubs--United States Description JunkieRush performing live at Will's Pub in Orlando, Florida, on January 29, 2003. Thie first photograph features, from left to right, Aaron O'Riley on bass guitar, Bobby Koelble on electric guitar, Matt Hughen on drums, and Marc Clermont on percussion. The second photograph shows Koelble playing an acoustic guitar, and the third features Koelble playing an electric guitar, using a Rolling Rock beer bottle as a slide. Formed in 2000 by guitarist/vocalist/songwriter Bobby Koelble, who was also a member of the seminal metal band Death, JunkieRush is an Orlando-based rock band that combines elements of funk, punk, Latin, reggae, ska and world music into a unique original sound. The band has gained a reputation for its live shows, performing up the east coast from Florida to New York, as well as the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. Although quite a departure from his metal roots, JunkieRush still features the strong guitar work that Koelble is known for. The original lineup consisted of Koelble on vocals and guitar, Chris Charles on saxophone and keyboard, Aaron O'Riley on bass, Marc Clermont on percussion, and Matt Hughen on drums. As of 2015, the lineup consisted of Koelble, bassist/vocalist Matt Gallagher, saxophonist/flutist/vocalist Nathan Anderson, drummer Thatcher on drums, and percussionist George "Ito" Colon. The band's albums include Junkie Rush (2000), II (2004), Live (2006), and Musica (2009). Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, January 29, 2003: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-01-29-JUNKIE-RUSH-Wills-Pub-and-after-party-Orlando-FL-gallery/G0000vGFmkJjJQL4/I0000zbWCJBYP8j8/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-01-29-JUNKIE-RUSH-Wills-Pub-and-after-party-Orlando-FL-gallery/G0000vGFmkJjJQL4/I0000zbWCJBYP8j8/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, January 29, 2003s=. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-01-29-JUNKIE-RUSH-Wills-Pub-and-after-party-Orlando-FL-gallery/G0000vGFmkJjJQL4/I0000p.WZdclksxk/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-01-29-JUNKIE-RUSH-Wills-Pub-and-after-party-Orlando-FL-gallery/G0000vGFmkJjJQL4/I0000p.WZdclksxk/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw</a>. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-01-29-JUNKIE-RUSH-Wills-Pub-and-after-party-Orlando-FL-gallery/G0000vGFmkJjJQL4/I0000U92X1933pvU/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-01-29-JUNKIE-RUSH-Wills-Pub-and-after-party-Orlando-FL-gallery/G0000vGFmkJjJQL4/I0000U92X1933pvU/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw</a>. Coverage Will's Pub, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2003-01-29 Date Copyrighted 2003-01-29 Format image/jpg Extent 22.7 KB 19.7 KB 21.1 KB Medium 3 color photographs Language eng Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Manes, Billy. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/under-the-influence-of-bobby-koelble/Content?oid=2259145" target="_blank">Under the influence of Bobby Koelble</a>.” Orlando Weekly. April 26, 2000. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/under-the-influence-of-bobby-koelble/Content?oid=2259145. Freed, Tim. <a href="http://today.ucf.edu/koelbles-relentless-curiosity-about-music/" target="_blank">Koelble's Relentless Curiosity About Music</a>.” UCF Today. March 19, 2012. http://today.ucf.edu/koelbles-relentless-curiosity-about-music/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-01-29-JUNKIE-RUSH-Wills-Pub-and-after-party-Orlando-FL-gallery/G0000vGFmkJjJQL4/I0000zbWCJBYP8j8/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-01-29-JUNKIE-RUSH-Wills-Pub-and-after-party-Orlando-FL-gallery/G0000vGFmkJjJQL4/I0000p.WZdclksxk/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-01-29-JUNKIE-RUSH-Wills-Pub-and-after-party-Orlando-FL-gallery/G0000vGFmkJjJQL4/I0000U92X1933pvU/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Aaron O'Riley Alicia Lyman bass guitar bassist concert drum drummer electric guitar Fender Stratocaster funk George "Ito" Colon guitar guitarist JunkieRush Marc Clermont Matt Hughen music musician orlando percussionist punk reggae rock rock music singer ska vocalist Will's Pub https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/422c08b219cfdf738b7826d4d53d14d3.JPG 8c42a7df554c563d7925b711598af01a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Social, 2007 Alternative Title The Social Subject Orlando (Fla.) Nightclubs--United States Description A crowd lined up down the street for a sold-out JunkieRush show at The Social, located at 54 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on July 30, 2007. The Social is an Indie music venue in Downtown Orlando that hosts international, national, and local acts. With a mere 400-person capacity, the intimate setting has made the venue a staple in the Orlando music scene. Originally called The Downtown Jazz & Blues Club, it became Sapphire Supper Club in April 1995, and during its six-year run under that name, the venue showcased an A-list of indie-rock, swing, and folk acts and nurtured the budding careers of musicians that would rise to broader fame in bands, such as Seven Mary Three, My Friend Steve, and Matchbox Twenty. The venue became The Social in 2002, and has remained one of the most popular venues in Orlando. Neighboring Bar BQ Bar, at 64 North Orange Avenue, also appears in the photograph. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, July 30, 2007: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, July 30, 2007: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2007-07-30-JUNKIE-RUSH-THE-SOCIAL-Orlando-FL/G0000qlue4u.ulow/I0000cfT3iqz94fw/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2007-07-30-JUNKIE-RUSH-THE-SOCIAL-Orlando-FL/G0000qlue4u.ulow/I0000cfT3iqz94fw/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw</a>. Coverage The Social, Downtown Orlando, Florida Bar BQ Bar, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2007-07-30 Date Copyrighted 2007-07-30 Format image/jpg Extent 22.2 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Manes, Billy. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/under-the-influence-of-bobby-koelble/Content?oid=2259145" target="_blank">Under the influence of Bobby Koelble</a>.” Orlando Weekly. April 26, 2000. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/under-the-influence-of-bobby-koelble/Content?oid=2259145. Freed, Tim. <a href="http://today.ucf.edu/koelbles-relentless-curiosity-about-music/" target="_blank">Koelble's Relentless Curiosity About Music</a>.” UCF Today. March 19, 2012. http://today.ucf.edu/koelbles-relentless-curiosity-about-music/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2007-07-30-JUNKIE-RUSH-THE-SOCIAL-Orlando-FL/G0000qlue4u.ulow/I0000cfT3iqz94fw/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alicia Lyman Bar BQ Bar concert Downtown Orlando funk JunkieRush music musician Old '64 Orange Avenue orlando punk reggae rock rock music ska The Social https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/419eaf49fe4b681caace64f199e00dab.JPG f11e0e131b67e4d2fa9659a1aba531b7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title JunkieRush at The Social, 2007 Alternative Title JunkieRush at The Social Subject Orlando (Fla.) Concerts--United States Reggae music--Florida Rock music--United States Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Funk (Music)--United States Ska (Music) Nightclubs--United States Description JunkieRush at a sold-out show at The Social, located at 54 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando on July 30, 2007. This photograph features drummer Bobby Koelble. Formed in 2000 by guitarist/vocalist/songwriter Bobby Koelble, who was also a member of the seminal metal band Death, JunkieRush is an Orlando-based rock band that combines elements of funk, punk, Latin, reggae, ska and world music into a unique original sound. The band has gained a reputation for its live shows, performing up the east coast from Florida to New York, as well as the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. Although quite a departure from his metal roots, JunkieRush still features the strong guitar work that Koelble is known for. The original lineup consisted of Koelble on vocals and guitar, Chris Charles on saxophone and keyboard, Aaron O'Riley on bass, Marc Clermont on percussion, and Matt Hughen on drums. As of 2015, the lineup consisted of Koelble, bassist/vocalist Matt Gallagher, saxophonist/flutist/vocalist Nathan Anderson, drummer Thatcher on drums, and percussionist George "Ito" Colon. The band's albums include Junkie Rush (2000), II (2004), Live (2006), and Musica (2009). Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, July 30, 2007: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, July 30, 2007: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2007-07-30-JUNKIE-RUSH-THE-SOCIAL-Orlando-FL/G0000qlue4u.ulow/I0000864dqSG2OfA/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2007-07-30-JUNKIE-RUSH-THE-SOCIAL-Orlando-FL/G0000qlue4u.ulow/I0000864dqSG2OfA/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw</a>. Coverage The Social, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2007-07-30 Date Copyrighted 2007-07-30 Format image/jpg Extent 20.9 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Manes, Billy. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/under-the-influence-of-bobby-koelble/Content?oid=2259145" target="_blank">Under the influence of Bobby Koelble</a>.” Orlando Weekly. April 26, 2000. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/under-the-influence-of-bobby-koelble/Content?oid=2259145. Freed, Tim. <a href="http://today.ucf.edu/koelbles-relentless-curiosity-about-music/" target="_blank">Koelble's Relentless Curiosity About Music</a>.” UCF Today. March 19, 2012. http://today.ucf.edu/koelbles-relentless-curiosity-about-music/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2007-07-30-JUNKIE-RUSH-THE-SOCIAL-Orlando-FL/G0000qlue4u.ulow/I0000864dqSG2OfA/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alicia Lyman Bobby Koelble concert Downtown Orlando drum drummer funk JunkieRush music musician Orange Avenue orlando punk reggae rock rock music singer ska The Social vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/bc67dba97404e39770279f40acb236ad.jpg 7c68532a9ea56edd64a0ffe8735b8cf0 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/42529b22cc1379a0719694750411bd82.jpg 59c1584e133c394fe6264f809469fbf9 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/154f752368a8e15409b0a1142c010da1.jpg 27e47103964b1eaed7d2d38531512fc5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 3 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title JunkieRush at the House of Blues Orlando, 2012 Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-JUNKIE-RUSH-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G0000N5hRAJ5aDT4/I0000HEX08_vj40E/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-JUNKIE-RUSH-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G0000N5hRAJ5aDT4/I00007Ck.4XvfFdo/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-JUNKIE-RUSH-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G0000N5hRAJ5aDT4/I00008lDhgRCWDhs/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alternative Title JunkieRush at House of Blues Subject Lake Buena Vista (Fla.) Concerts--United States Reggae music--Florida Rock music--United States Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Funk (Music)--United States Ska (Music) Nightclubs--United States Description JunkieRush "In the Morning" performing live with Dominic Maresco of The Supervillain at JunkieRush's reunion show at House of Blues Orlando, located at 1490 East Buena Vista Drive in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, on August 8, 2012. The first photograph features Bobby Koelble and Dominic Maresco of The Supervillains. The second photograph shows Koelbe with his infant daughter. The third photograph features Nathan Anderson playing the saxophone. Formed in 2000 by guitarist/vocalist/songwriter Bobby Koelble, who was also a member of the seminal metal band Death, JunkieRush is an Orlando-based rock band that combines elements of funk, punk, Latin, reggae, ska and world music into a unique original sound. The band has gained a reputation for its live shows, performing up the east coast from Florida to New York, as well as the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. Although quite a departure from his metal roots, JunkieRush still features the strong guitar work that Koelble is known for. The original lineup consisted of Koelble on vocals and guitar, Chris Charles on saxophone and keyboard, Aaron O'Riley on bass, Marc Clermont on percussion, and Matt Hughen on drums. As of 2015, the lineup consisted of Koelble, bassist/vocalist Matt Gallagher, saxophonist/flutist/vocalist Nathan Anderson, drummer Thatcher on drums, and percussionist George "Ito" Colon. The band's albums include Junkie Rush (2000), II (2004), Live (2006), and Musica (2009). Creator Lyman, Alicia Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, August 25, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Publisher Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-08-25 Date Copyrighted 2012-08-25 Contributor Lyman, Alicia Has Format Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, August 25, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-JUNKIE-RUSH-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G0000N5hRAJ5aDT4/I0000HEX08_vj40E/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-JUNKIE-RUSH-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G0000N5hRAJ5aDT4/I0000HEX08_vj40E/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, August 25, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-JUNKIE-RUSH-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G0000N5hRAJ5aDT4/I00007Ck.4XvfFdo/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-JUNKIE-RUSH-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G0000N5hRAJ5aDT4/I00007Ck.4XvfFdo/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, August 25, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-JUNKIE-RUSH-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G0000N5hRAJ5aDT4/I00008lDhgRCWDhs/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-08-25-JUNKIE-RUSH-House-of-Blues-Orlando-FL/G0000N5hRAJ5aDT4/I00008lDhgRCWDhs/C0000i75h9FD_Cjw</a>. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpg Extent 43.6 KB 30 KB 47.4 KB Medium 3 color photographs Language eng Type Still Image Coverage House of Blues Orlando, Lake Buena Vista, Florida Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Manes, Billy. “<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/under-the-influence-of-bobby-koelble/Content?oid=2259145" target="_blank">Under the influence of Bobby Koelble</a>.” Orlando Weekly. April 26, 2000. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/under-the-influence-of-bobby-koelble/Content?oid=2259145. Freed, Tim. “<a href="http://today.ucf.edu/koelbles-relentless-curiosity-about-music/" target="_blank">Koelble's Relentless Curiosity About Music</a>.” UCF Today. March 19, 2012. http://today.ucf.edu/koelbles-relentless-curiosity-about-music/. Alicia Lyman Bobby Koelble concert Dominic Maresco Downtown Disney funk guitar guitarist House of Blues Orlando In the Morning JunkieRush Lake Buena Vista music musician punk reggae rock rock music saxophone saxophonist singer ska The Supervillains vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6203e3a4214316b82ae5c273b8880732.JPG 7dba4a20e4c139fc7031e67d09e96e3c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Beeb$ and Her Money Makers at E.L.L.A. Music Fest, 2012 Alternative Title Beeb$ and Her Money Makers at E.L.L.A. Music Fest Subject Beeb$ and Her Money Makers (Musical group) Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Ska (Music) Rock music--United States Funk (Music)--United States Soul music--United States Description Michelle Beebs performing live with Beeb$ and Her Money Makers at E.L.L.A. Music Fest at H2O Live!, located at 100 West Livingston Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on November 3, 2012. The E.L.L.A. Music Festival, which stands for Elevate.Listen.Love.Appreciate, was created in 2007 by Orlando musician, promoter, and producer Robert Johnson to celebrate the heart, talent, and contributions that Florida female artists give to their communities. In its fifth year in 2012, the female-centric festival added spoken word artists, visual artists and local vendors to the stacked musical lineup. Led by Michelle Beebs, this Orlando-based band combines ska, rock, funk, and soul, gaining notoriety through their high-energy performances and unapologetically ridiculous media content. The group consists of Beebs of kazoo and vocals, Jeremy Lovelady on guitar, Levon White on bass, Paul Brisske on drums, Bunky Garrabrant on trumpet, and Eric Christian on saxophone and flute. The band was discovered by legendary promoter Kevin Lyman and asked to join the Vans Warped Tour in 2013. They were filmed for the second season of the show Warped Roadies on the FUSE Network, and returned to the Warped Tour in 2014, performing on a larger stage. The band has since toured with notable bands such as Reel Big Fish, Goldfinger, Suburban Legends, Five Iron Frenzy, Beautiful Bodies, and This Magnificent, and has shared the stage with Willie Nelson, Donovan Frankenreiter, Dirty Heads, Pepper, Cypress Hill, The Original Wailers, Zach Deputy, Keller Williams, The Lee Boys, BadFish, Dumpstaphunk, 100 Monkeys, Bobby Lee Rodgers, Big Bad VooDoo Daddy, and Perpetual Groove. Reel Big Fish's Aaron Barrett also produced their EP and their full length album. They were also featured on an episode of Travel Channel's RV Kings. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000RA_rkzn84YU/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000RA_rkzn84YU/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs</a>. Coverage H2O Live!, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-03 Date Copyrighted 2012-11-03 Format image/jpg Extent 22 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107" target="_blank">ELLA Music Fest: Sixth annual festival celebrates local female musicians</a>." Orlando Weekly. October 30, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107. Coffin, Kat. "<a href="http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando welcomes the sixth annual e.l.l.a. Fest</a>." Examiner. October 27, 2012. http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest. Kelly, Scott. "<a href="http://www.thepreludepress.com/album-reviews/2014/6/2/beebs-and-her-money-makers-wrst-album-ever" target="_blank">Beeb$ and Her Money Makers - Würst Album Ever</a>." The Prelude Press. June 2, 2014. http://www.thepreludepress.com/album-reviews/2014/6/2/beebs-and-her-money-makers-wrst-album-ever. Rolland, David. "<a href="http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/beebs-and-her-money-makers-were-mostly-inspired-by-goats-and-donkeys-lately-6464951" target="_blank">Beeb$ and Her Money Makers: 'We're Mostly Inspired By Goats and Donkeys Lately'</a>." Miami New Times. February 6, 2015. http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/beebs-and-her-money-makers-were-mostly-inspired-by-goats-and-donkeys-lately-6464951. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000RA_rkzn84YU/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Beeb$ and Her Money Makers Beebs and Her Money Makers concert Downtown Orlando E.L.L.A. Music Fest festival funk Gamble Records H2O Live! HollowGram Productions Livingston Street Michelle Beebs music music festival musician orlando rock rock music singer ska soul soul music vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/71258c45832c4681cd701fcd18ce5456.JPG bc54c892143782d2f83f4a8e06b0cd70 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title MILKA at E.L.L.A. Music Fest, 2012 Alternative Title MILKA at E.L.L.A. Music Fest Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Rock music--United States Description Milkanette "Milka" Ramos performing live with MILKA at E.L.L.A. Music Fest at H2O Live!, located at 100 West Livingston Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on November 3, 2012. The E.L.L.A. Music Festival, which stands for Elevate.Listen.Love.Appreciate, was created in 2007 by Orlando musician, promoter, and producer Robert Johnson to celebrate the heart, talent, and contributions that Florida female artists give to their communities. In its fifth year in 2012, the female-centric festival added spoken word artists, visual artists and local vendors to the stacked musical lineup. MILKA is a rock band formed in Orlando, consisting of Ramos on guitar and vocals, Tony Roman on bass, and Troy Garfield Goins on drums. The combination of bilingual feminist front-woman Ramos and the Latin-influenced percussion creates a unique hard rock sound that transcends genres. The band released an album in 2002, entitled, Fire in the Sky. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000MwFZHpc0dW0/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000MwFZHpc0dW0/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs</a>. Coverage H2O Live!, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-03 Date Copyrighted 11/3/2012 Format image/jpg Extent 17 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107" target="_blank">ELLA Music Fest: Sixth annual festival celebrates local female musicians</a>." Orlando Weekly. October 30, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107. Coffin, Kat. "<a href="http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando welcomes the sixth annual e.l.l.a. Fest</a>." Examiner. October 27, 2012. http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest. Le-Huu, Bao. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/this-little-underground/Content?oid=2252720" target="_blank">This Little Underground</a>.” Orlando Weekly. May 10, 2007. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/this-little-underground/Content?oid=2252720. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000MwFZHpc0dW0/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> concert Downtown Orlando E.L.L.A. Music Fest festival Gamble Records guitar guitarist H2O Live! HollowGram Records Livingston Street MILKA Milka Ramos Milkanette "Milka" Ramos music music festival musician orlando rock rock music https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fbe9c39474bd3812858223f3f147890e.JPG 5c1e87b0aab5fea238f2d9334a555d93 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters at E.L.L.A. Music Fest, 2012 Alternative Title Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters at E.L.L.A. Music Fest Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Rock music--United States Jazz--United States Blues (Music)--Florida Description Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters performing live at E.L.L.A. Music Fest at H2O Live!, located at 100 West Livingston Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on November 3, 2012. This photograph features saxophonist/keyboardist Nathan Anderson and vocalist Kaleigh Baker of The Downgetters, an all-star band from Orlando, featuring Baker, vocalist/guitarist Joseph Martens, guitarist Brian Chodorcoff, guitarist Jeff Nolan, bassist Mike Kossler, Anderson, and drummer Mark Janssen. The E.L.L.A. Music Festival, which stands for Elevate.Listen.Love.Appreciate, was created in 2007 by Orlando musician, promoter, and producer Robert Johnson to celebrate the heart, talent, and contributions that Florida female artists give to their communities. In its fifth year in 2012, the female-centric festival added spoken word artists, visual artists and local vendors to the stacked musical lineup. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I00006aX8Ds2Ix6A/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I00006aX8Ds2Ix6A/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs</a>. Coverage H2O Live!, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-03 Date Copyrighted 11/3/2012 Format image/jpg Extent 21.5 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107" target="_blank">ELLA Music Fest: Sixth annual festival celebrates local female musicians</a>." Orlando Weekly. October 30, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107. Coffin, Kat. "<a href="http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando welcomes the sixth annual e.l.l.a. Fest</a>." Examiner. October 27, 2012. http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest. Manes, Billy. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322" target="_blank">Kaleigh Baker is back in town</a>.” Orlando Weekly. October 16, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322. Belanger, Ashley. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue" target="_blank">Fringe 2015 review: ‘Janis Joplin, Little Girl Blue</a>.” Orlando Weekly. May 15, 2015. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue. Strout, Justin. <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683" target="_blank">Fire and pain: Blues-soul lady-in-waiting Kaleigh Baker makes a strong claim to the throne</a>.” Orlando Weekly. August 10, 2011. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I00006aX8Ds2Ix6A/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> blues concert Downtown Orlando E.L.L.A. Music Fest festival Gamble Records guitar guitarist H2O Live! HollowGram Records jazz Kaleigh Baker Livingston Street music music festival musician Nathan Anderson orlando rock rock music singer vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/683d766b3b99f75b5ab4810d8f35187f.JPG 910bcbb7814c83430872a2fc32252947 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/74a581fe4410ac7f33c6e3f68a69e7df.JPG b1ccbaa56fa1680d07ce854ec0bbb279 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Meka Nism at E.L.L.A. Music Fest, 2012 Alternative Title Meka Nism at E.L.L.A. Music Fest Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Rock music--United States Description Meka, also known as Ms. Meka, performing live with Meka Nism at H2O Live!, located at 100 West Livingston Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on November 3, 2012. The E.L.L.A. Music Festival, which stands for Elevate.Listen.Love.Appreciate, was created in 2007 by Orlando musician, promoter, and producer Robert Johnson to celebrate the heart, talent, and contributions that Florida female artists give to their communities. In its fifth year in 2012, the female-centric festival added spoken word artists, visual artists and local vendors to the stacked musical lineup. Formed in 2006 in Orlando, Florida, Meka Nism is a female-fronted metal band that originated as Meka Nism and Her Rusty Tears. The band recorded their first album, Mad to Love, on Florida-based Hidden Records that same year. "Break," the second track from the album, won the Songwriter's Showcase of America's (SSA) Best Experimental Song of the Year, and Meka was named SSA's Solo Artist of the Month in January 2007. While the group has always consisted of Meka on vocals, in 2010, after she returned from a Japanese tour of over 150 shows, Reed Tyack was added on drums, Alvin Bauer on bass, and Bobby Keller on guitar. In 2014, Tyack moved to guitar and Jeremy Mansfield was added on drums. Type Still Image Source Two original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012s: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of two original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012s. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000XbxWw55bha0/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000XbxWw55bha0/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs</a>. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000uf5dkNFre1o/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000uf5dkNFre1o/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs</a>. Coverage H2O Live!, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-03 Date Copyrighted 11/3/2012 Format image/jpg Extent 18.4 KB 12.7 KB Medium 2 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107" target="_blank">ELLA Music Fest: Sixth annual festival celebrates local female musicians</a>." Orlando Weekly. October 30, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107. Coffin, Kat. "<a href="http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando welcomes the sixth annual e.l.l.a. Fest</a>." Examiner. October 27, 2012. http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest. Gettings, Gina. "<a href="https://flink.to/stories/53c980cf4f32c55daf000007" target="_blank">Meka Nism's Trailblazing Approach to Art Metals</a>." Flink To: Totally Obsessed. www.flink.to. (Accessed July 1, 2015). https://flink.to/stories/53c980cf4f32c55daf000007. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000XbxWw55bha0/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000uf5dkNFre1o/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> art metal concert Downtown Orlando E.L.L.A. Music Fest festival Gamble Records H2O Live! hard rock heavy metal HollowGram Records Livingston Street Meka Meka Nism Meka Nism and Her Rusty Tears Meka Shama Nism metal Ms. Meka music music festival musician orlando rock rock music singer vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3fc03733f47ae51e968ab1ca77bfea6a.JPG 5a0b78e980922970a615e1be5e28362e https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e60c9d21e3eca0d231e038f25138b6bb.JPG 47bbcb822992d300203f9d43cc52f8c4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sunny Raskin at E.L.L.A. Music Fest, 2012 Alternative Title SUNNY at E.L.L.A. Music Fest Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Rock music--United States Description Sunny Raskin, also known as SUNNY, performing live at E.L.L.A. Fest at H2O Live!, located at 100 West Livingston Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on November 3, 2012. The E.L.L.A. Music Festival, which stands for Elevate.Listen.Love.Appreciate, was created in 2007 by Orlando musician, promoter, and producer Robert Johnson to celebrate the heart, talent, and contributions that Florida female artists give to their communities. In its fifth year in 2012, the female-centric festival added spoken word artists, visual artists and local vendors to the stacked musical lineup. SUNNY is a professional dancer, musician, vocalist, actress, and costume designer in Orlando, who is also a co-host at Ibex Puppetry and Director at Raskin Dance Studio and Music School. As of 2015, she has composed, performed, and engineered five albums. Type Still Image Source Two original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012s: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of two original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012s. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000LTOnhSJMdyY/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000LTOnhSJMdyY/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs</a>. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I00002qtK0.mngww/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I00002qtK0.mngww/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs</a>. Coverage H2O Live!, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-03 Date Copyrighted 11/3/2012 Format image/jpg Extent 15.8 KB 18.6 KB Medium 2 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107" target="_blank">ELLA Music Fest: Sixth annual festival celebrates local female musicians</a>." Orlando Weekly. October 30, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107. Coffin, Kat. "<a href="http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando welcomes the sixth annual e.l.l.a. Fest</a>." Examiner. October 27, 2012. http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I0000LTOnhSJMdyY/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/ELLA-FEST-2012/G0000TNuvfzSkfkU/I00002qtK0.mngww/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> concert Downtown Orlando E.L.L.A. Music Fest festival Gamble Records guitar guitarist H2O Live! HollowGram Records Livingston Street music music festival musician orlando rock rock music singer SUNNY Sunny Raskin vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/97fe8f26a677e704c94ffdc54cf15b73.jpg f62c034cea248031240f766a17b31b24 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9dc3fbbc7b4d8ef8be9a00258b223f72.JPG 28881aca9edf1ff9c9deb2dd1adddaf7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters at E.L.L.A. Music Fest, 2012 Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-03-KALEIGH-BAKER-ELLA-FEST-Orlando-FL/G0000wb3sxLak4A8/I0000G15kzTBt9Kc/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-03-KALEIGH-BAKER-ELLA-FEST-Orlando-FL/G0000wb3sxLak4A8/I0000Mkv.l5ytQC4/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Alternative Title Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters at E.L.L.A. Music Fest Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Nightclubs--United States Rock music--United States Jazz--United States Blues (Music)--Florida Description Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters performing live at E.L.L.A. Music Fest at H2O in Orlando, Florida, on November 3, 2012. These photographs feature vocalist Kaleigh Baker of The Downgetters, an all-star band from Orlando, featuring Baker, vocalist/guitarist Joseph Martens, guitarist Brian Chodorcoff, guitarist Jeff Nolan, bassist Mike Kossler, saxophonist/keyboards Nathan Anderson, and drummer Mark Janssen. The E.L.L.A. Music Festival, which stands for Elevate.Listen.Love.Appreciate, was created in 2007 by Orlando musician, promoter, and producer Robert Johnson to celebrate the heart, talent, and contributions that Florida female artists give to their communities. In its fifth year in 2012, the female-centric festival added spoken word artists, visual artists and local vendors to the stacked musical lineup. Creator Lyman, Alicia Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Publisher Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-11-03 Date Copyrighted 2012-11-03 Contributor Lyman, Alicia Has Format Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, November 3, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-03-KALEIGH-BAKER-ELLA-FEST-Orlando-FL/G0000wb3sxLak4A8/I0000G15kzTBt9Kc/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-03-KALEIGH-BAKER-ELLA-FEST-Orlando-FL/G0000wb3sxLak4A8/I0000G15kzTBt9Kc/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw</a>.; <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-03-KALEIGH-BAKER-ELLA-FEST-Orlando-FL/G0000wb3sxLak4A8/I0000Mkv.l5ytQC4/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-11-03-KALEIGH-BAKER-ELLA-FEST-Orlando-FL/G0000wb3sxLak4A8/I0000Mkv.l5ytQC4/C0000G5l.eE1uUuw</a>. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman.<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank"> </a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpg Extent 23.2 KB 20.1 KB Medium 2 color photographs Type Still Image Coverage H2O Live!, Orlando, Florida Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107" target="_blank">ELLA Music Fest: Sixth annual festival celebrates local female musicians</a>." Orlando Weekly. October 30, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/ella-music-fest/Content?oid=2248107. Coffin, Kat. "<a href="http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando welcomes the sixth annual e.l.l.a. Fest</a>." Examiner. October 27, 2012. http://www.examiner.com/article/downtown-orlando-welcomes-the-sixth-annual-e-l-l-a-fest. Manes, Billy. “<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322" target="_blank">Kaleigh Baker is back in town</a>.” Orlando Weekly. October 16, 2012. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/kaleigh-baker-is-back-in-town/Content?oid=2255322. Belanger, Ashley. “<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue" target="_blank">Fringe 2015 review: ‘Janis Joplin, Little Girl Blue</a>.” Orlando Weekly. May 15, 2015. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2015/05/15/fringe-2015-review-janis-joplin-little-girl-blue. Strout, Justin. “<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683" target="_blank">Fire and pain: Blues-soul lady-in-waiting Kaleigh Baker makes a strong claim to the throne</a>.” Orlando Weekly. August 10, 2011. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/fire-and-pain/Content?oid=2247683. blues concert E.L.L.A. Music Festival festival Gamble Records H2O Live! HollowGram Records jazz Kaleigh Baker Kaleigh Baker and the Downgetters music musician nightclub orlando Robert Johnson Festival rock rock music https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/621116229d5d8c5728b3ef88e86a680d.JPG b52958de94797b3c843a4d8d4d8db46a https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9504266fa0edcc0ac16e7f0f3cb15dbb.JPG 0c2b65a7f5c866f6a98af4334da518c9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Beeb$ and Her Money Makers at Hard Rock Live Orlando, 2011 Alternative Title Beeb$ and Her Money Makers at Hard Rock Live Subject Beeb$ and Her Money Makers (Musical group) Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Ska (Music) Rock music--United States Funk (Music)--United States Soul music--United States Description Beeb$ and Her Money Makers performing live at Hard Rock Live Orlando in Orlando, Florida, on April 1, 2011. The first photograph features bassist Levon White and kazoo player and vocalist Michelle Beebs and the second photographs shows saxophonist Eric Christian Led by Beebs, this Orlando-based band combines ska, rock, funk, and soul, gaining notoriety through their high-energy performances and unapologetically ridiculous media content. The group consists of Beebs of kazoo and vocals, Jeremy Lovelady on guitar, Levon White on bass, Paul Brisske on drums, Bunky Garrabrant on trumpet, and Eric Christian on saxophone and flute. The band was discovered by legendary promoter Kevin Lyman and asked to join the Vans Warped Tour in 2013. They were filmed for the second season of the show Warped Roadies on the FUSE Network, and returned to the Warped Tour in 2014, performing on a larger stage. The band has since toured with notable bands such as Reel Big Fish, Goldfinger, Suburban Legends, Five Iron Frenzy, Beautiful Bodies, and This Magnificent, and has shared the stage with Willie Nelson, Donovan Frankenreiter, Dirty Heads, Pepper, Cypress Hill, The Original Wailers, Zach Deputy, Keller Williams, The Lee Boys, BadFish, Dumpstaphunk, 100 Monkeys, Bobby Lee Rodgers, Big Bad VooDoo Daddy, and Perpetual Groove. Reel Big Fish's Aaron Barrett also produced their EP and their full length album. They were also featured on an episode of Travel Channel's RV Kings. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, April 1, 2011: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, April 1, 2011. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-04-01-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-HARD-ROCK-LIVE-ORLANDO-FL/G0000GOrUzcniCk4/I0000EAtYTrRnubE/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-04-01-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-HARD-ROCK-LIVE-ORLANDO-FL/G0000GOrUzcniCk4/I0000EAtYTrRnubE/C0000HvwsZBna0tw</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-04-01-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-HARD-ROCK-LIVE-ORLANDO-FL/G0000GOrUzcniCk4/I0000NEh0rY79nt0/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-04-01-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-HARD-ROCK-LIVE-ORLANDO-FL/G0000GOrUzcniCk4/I0000NEh0rY79nt0/C0000HvwsZBna0tw</a>. Coverage Hard Rock Live Orlando, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2011-04-01 Date Copyrighted 2011-04-01 Format image/jpg Extent 23 KB 15.3 KB Medium 2 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Kelly, Scott. "<a href="http://www.thepreludepress.com/album-reviews/2014/6/2/beebs-and-her-money-makers-wrst-album-ever" target="_blank">Beebs and Her Money Makers - W체rst Album Ever</a>." The Prelude Press. June 2, 2014. http://www.thepreludepress.com/album-reviews/2014/6/2/beebs-and-her-money-makers-wrst-album-ever. Rolland, David. "<a href="http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/beebs-and-her-money-makers-were-mostly-inspired-by-goats-and-donkeys-lately-6464951" target="_blank">Beebs and Her Money Makers: 'We're Mostly Inspired By Goats and Donkeys Lately'</a>." Miami New Times. February 6, 2015. http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/beebs-and-her-money-makers-were-mostly-inspired-by-goats-and-donkeys-lately-6464951. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-04-01-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-HARD-ROCK-LIVE-ORLANDO-FL/G0000GOrUzcniCk4/I0000EAtYTrRnubE/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2011-04-01-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-HARD-ROCK-LIVE-ORLANDO-FL/G0000GOrUzcniCk4/I0000EAtYTrRnubE/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> bar bass guitar bassist Beeb$ and Her Money Makers Beebs and Her Money Makers concert Eric Christian funk Hard Rock Live Orlando Levon White Michelle Beebs music musician nightclub orlando rock rock music saxophone saxophonist singer ska soul soul music Universal Boulevard vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/daac8ed9cb29a3d376dc5f2c8fe7834a.JPG 8321d3b10123c501301be2cd339ace87 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/419b89515cc1dd2183b641a90acd6209.JPG aee0d08e1fdf0818786ea6e720909e3d https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7a631067d7d6d6138c102285c9555d21.JPG 7b11143411c943a961a1f8a5d40744cf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 3 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Beeb$ and Her Money Makers at The Beacham Theater, 2013 Alternative Title Beeb$ and Her Money Makers at The Beacham Subject Beeb$ and Her Money Makers (Musical group) Orlando (Fla.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Ska (Music) Rock music--United States Funk (Music)--United States Soul music--United States Description Beeb$ and Her Money Makers at the group's CD release party at The Beacham Theater in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on . The first two photographs feature kazoo player and vocalist Michelle Beebs and the third photographs shows bassist Levon White. Led by Beebs, this Orlando-based band combines ska, rock, funk, and soul, gaining notoriety through their high-energy performances and unapologetically ridiculous media content. The group consists of Beebs of kazoo and vocals, Jeremy Lovelady on guitar, Levon White on bass, Paul Brisske on drums, Bunky Garrabrant on trumpet, and Eric Christian on saxophone and flute. The band was discovered by legendary promoter Kevin Lyman and asked to join the Vans Warped Tour in 2013. They were filmed for the second season of the show Warped Roadies on the FUSE Network, and returned to the Warped Tour in 2014, performing on a larger stage. The band has since toured with notable bands such as Reel Big Fish, Goldfinger, Suburban Legends, Five Iron Frenzy, Beautiful Bodies, and This Magnificent, and has shared the stage with Willie Nelson, Donovan Frankenreiter, Dirty Heads, Pepper, Cypress Hill, The Original Wailers, Zach Deputy, Keller Williams, The Lee Boys, BadFish, Dumpstaphunk, 100 Monkeys, Bobby Lee Rodgers, Big Bad VooDoo Daddy, and Perpetual Groove. Reel Big Fish's Aaron Barrett also produced their EP and their full length album. They were also featured on an episode of Travel Channel's RV Kings. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, May 30, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, May 30, 2013. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-05-30-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-CD-RELEASE-PARTY-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-Orlando-FL/G0000lW0WNqRXGXA/I0000McZxM4AM_7M/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-05-30-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-CD-RELEASE-PARTY-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-Orlando-FL/G0000lW0WNqRXGXA/I0000McZxM4AM_7M/C0000HvwsZBna0tw</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-05-30-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-CD-RELEASE-PARTY-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-Orlando-FL/G0000lW0WNqRXGXA/I0000RNzOqBWuh58/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-05-30-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-CD-RELEASE-PARTY-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-Orlando-FL/G0000lW0WNqRXGXA/I0000RNzOqBWuh58/C0000HvwsZBna0tw</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-05-30-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-CD-RELEASE-PARTY-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-Orlando-FL/G0000lW0WNqRXGXA/I0000LiaNTL2j8Hg/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-05-30-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-CD-RELEASE-PARTY-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-Orlando-FL/G0000lW0WNqRXGXA/I0000LiaNTL2j8Hg/C0000HvwsZBna0tw</a>. Coverage The Beacham Theater, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2013-05-30 Date Copyrighted 2013-05-30 Format image/jpg Extent 23.7 KB 21.3 KB 22.7 KB Medium 3 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Kelly, Scott. "<a href="http://www.thepreludepress.com/album-reviews/2014/6/2/beebs-and-her-money-makers-wrst-album-ever" target="_blank">Beebs and Her Money Makers - W체rst Album Ever</a>." The Prelude Press. June 2, 2014. http://www.thepreludepress.com/album-reviews/2014/6/2/beebs-and-her-money-makers-wrst-album-ever. Rolland, David. "<a href="http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/beebs-and-her-money-makers-were-mostly-inspired-by-goats-and-donkeys-lately-6464951" target="_blank">Beebs and Her Money Makers: 'We're Mostly Inspired By Goats and Donkeys Lately'</a>." Miami New Times. February 6, 2015. http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/beebs-and-her-money-makers-were-mostly-inspired-by-goats-and-donkeys-lately-6464951. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-05-30-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-CD-RELEASE-PARTY-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-Orlando-FL/G0000lW0WNqRXGXA/I0000McZxM4AM_7M/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-05-30-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-CD-RELEASE-PARTY-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-Orlando-FL/G0000lW0WNqRXGXA/I0000RNzOqBWuh58/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-05-30-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-CD-RELEASE-PARTY-THE-BEACHAM-THEATER-Orlando-FL/G0000lW0WNqRXGXA/I0000LiaNTL2j8Hg/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> bar bass guitar bassist Beacham Theater Beeb$ and Her Money Makers Beebs and Her Money Makers concert Downtown Orlando funk Levon White Michelle Beebs music musician nightclub Orange Avenue orlando rock rock music singer ska soul soul music The Beacham vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3a3978f71b03e232ec3913ed7f3611d9.jpg 306c7bdcd453fff4484fcbb564782b22 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Beeb$ and Her Money Makers at The Xfinity Center, 2014 Alternative Title Beeb$ and Her Money Makers at Xfinity Center Subject Beeb$ and Her Money Makers (Musical group) Mansfield (Mass.) Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Ska (Music) Rock music--United States Funk (Music)--United States Soul music--United States Description Beeb$ and Her Money Makers performing live at Vans Warped Tour at The Xfinity Center in Mansfield, Massachusetts, on July 13, 2014. From left to right, the photograph features saxophonist Eric Christian, an unidentified person dressed in a hot dog costume, kazoo player and vocalist Michelle Beebs, bassist Levon White, and guitarist Jeremy Lovelady. Led by Beebs, this Orlando-based band combines ska, rock, funk, and soul, gaining notoriety through their high-energy performances and unapologetically ridiculous media content. The group consists of Beebs of kazoo and vocals, Jeremy Lovelady on guitar, Levon White on bass, Paul Brisske on drums, Bunky Garrabrant on trumpet, and Eric Christian on saxophone and flute. The band was discovered by legendary promoter Kevin Lyman and asked to join the Vans Warped Tour in 2013. They were filmed for the second season of the show Warped Roadies on the FUSE Network, and returned to the Warped Tour in 2014, performing on a larger stage. The band has since toured with notable bands such as Reel Big Fish, Goldfinger, Suburban Legends, Five Iron Frenzy, Beautiful Bodies, and This Magnificent, and has shared the stage with Willie Nelson, Donovan Frankenreiter, Dirty Heads, Pepper, Cypress Hill, The Original Wailers, Zach Deputy, Keller Williams, The Lee Boys, BadFish, Dumpstaphunk, 100 Monkeys, Bobby Lee Rodgers, Big Bad VooDoo Daddy, and Perpetual Groove. Reel Big Fish's Aaron Barrett also produced their EP and their full length album. They were also featured on an episode of Travel Channel's RV Kings. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, July 13, 2014: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, July 13, 2014. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-07-13-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-WARPED-TOUR-XFINITY-CENTER-HARDFORT-CT-gallery/G0000qjB8WjJpvVg/I0000DP.lSeyY0gA/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-07-13-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-WARPED-TOUR-XFINITY-CENTER-HARDFORT-CT-gallery/G0000qjB8WjJpvVg/I0000DP.lSeyY0gA/C0000HvwsZBna0tw</a> Coverage The Xfinity Center, Mansfield, Massachusetts Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2014-07-13 Date Copyrighted 2014-07-13 Format image/jpg Extent 48.7 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Kelly, Scott. "<a href="http://www.thepreludepress.com/album-reviews/2014/6/2/beebs-and-her-money-makers-wrst-album-ever" target="_blank">Beebs and Her Money Makers - W체rst Album Ever</a>." The Prelude Press. June 2, 2014. http://www.thepreludepress.com/album-reviews/2014/6/2/beebs-and-her-money-makers-wrst-album-ever. Rolland, David. "<a href="http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/beebs-and-her-money-makers-were-mostly-inspired-by-goats-and-donkeys-lately-6464951" target="_blank">Beebs and Her Money Makers: 'We're Mostly Inspired By Goats and Donkeys Lately'</a>." Miami New Times. February 6, 2015. http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/beebs-and-her-money-makers-were-mostly-inspired-by-goats-and-donkeys-lately-6464951. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2014-07-13-BEEBS-AND-HER-MONEY-MAKERS-WARPED-TOUR-XFINITY-CENTER-HARDFORT-CT-gallery/G0000qjB8WjJpvVg/I0000DP.lSeyY0gA/C0000HvwsZBna0tw" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> bar bass guitar bassist Beacham Theater Beeb$ and Her Money Makers Beebs and Her Money Makers concert Eric Christian funk guitar guitarist Hardfort Jeremy Lovelady Levon White Main Street Mansfield, Massachusetts Michelle Beebs music musician nightclub rock rock music saxophone saxophonist singer ska soul soul music The Beacham vans Vans Warped Tour vocalist Xfinity Center https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d18db7f6a5066e0845df1c017e6b6875.JPG 4e1082b9419dc4ee1ce88bd12decc09c https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/66f10432b45d2e25acf62f8e570cefab.JPG 314196285438ba00acdee51215a42c3f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Gargamel! at The Social, 2003 Alternative Title Gargamel! at The Social Subject Gargamel! (Musical group) Orlando (Fla.) Concerts--United States Rock music--United States Metal (Music) Funk (Music)--United States Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Nightclubs--United States Ellis, Chuck Webber, John Description Gargamel! performing live at The Social, located at 54 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida, on July 31, 2003. The first photograph features, from left to right, Wayne Larsen on keyboards, Ryan Dailey on guitar, Chuck Ellis on vocals, John Webber on drums, and Lester Stover on bass. The second photograph features Ellis. Gargamel! was formed in 1992 in Orlando, consisting of Chuck "Mandaddy" Ellis on vocals, John "Webb" Webber on drums, Matt "Boy Howdy" Lapham on bass, Darin "Skyjak" Bridges on guitar, and Pat “Headless Spawn” McCurdy on guitar. In 1995, Lester “Crazy Hector” Stover replaced Lapham on bass, and Wayne “Servo Beonic Man” Larsen joined on keyboards. Ray "El Diablo Guapo" Rivera joined on guitar in 1996, and was replaced by Ryan "Professor Knuckles" Dailey in 2000. Webber was replaced by Andy Mas on drums in 2006, and Mas was replaced by Kevin "Heavie Kevie" Collado in 2011. The band is rooted in funk metal, but their music combines elements of experimental rock, jazz, funk, Latin, ska, hip hop, and reggae. Known for their offbeat sense of humor and the stage antics of lead singer, Mandaddy, who named the band after a character from the animated children’s television show, The Smurfs, and who wears a black and orange outfit modeled after the cartoon villain, the band often incorporates surprising covers, such as Billy Joel songs. They have shared the stage with such national artists such as GWAR, Anthrax, Dog Fashion Disco, Tub Ring, Sleepytime Gorilla Museum, Genitorturers, Mushroomhead, Nonpoint, Bad Acid Trip, Skindred, and Skeleton Key. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, July 31, 2003: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, July 31, 2003. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL-2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL/G0000z.9C1sWJS7g/I0000WtEqyopMBe4/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL-2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL/G0000z.9C1sWJS7g/I0000WtEqyopMBe4/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc</a>. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL-2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL/G0000z.9C1sWJS7g/I0000t3PoL_2EV_Y/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL-2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL/G0000z.9C1sWJS7g/I0000t3PoL_2EV_Y/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc</a>. Coverage The Social, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 7/31/2003 Date Copyrighted 7/31/2003 Format image/jpg Extent 20.9 KB 20.3 KB Medium 2 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Padgett, Mark. “<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/gargamel-unmasked/Content?oid=2259127" target="_blank">Gargamel! Unmasked</a>.” Orlando Weekly, June 14, 2000. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/gargamel-unmasked/Content?oid=2259127. Jordan, Douglas. “<a href="http://www.gainesville.com/article/20030124/COLUMNS10/201240309" target="_blank">Gargamel! is in your face</a>.” Gainesville.com, January 24, 2003. http://www.gainesville.com/article/20030124/COLUMNS10/201240309. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL-2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL/G0000z.9C1sWJS7g/I0000WtEqyopMBe4/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL-2003-07-31-GARGAMEL-The-Social-Orlando-FL/G0000z.9C1sWJS7g/I0000t3PoL_2EV_Y/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> bar bass guitar bassist Chuck "Mandaddy" Ellis concert Crazy Hector Downtown Orlando drum drummer experimental rock funk funk metal Gargamel! guitar guitarist heavy metal hip hop jazz John "Webb" Webber keyboard keyboardist Latin Lester "Crazy" Stover Mandaddy music musician nightclub Orange Avenue orlando Professor Knuckles rap reggae-rock rock rock music Ryan Dailey Servo Beonic Man singer ska The Social vocalist Wayne Larsen Webb https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e195c0e5fbbb524403e73d5cb13163b4.JPG 4a01dde0d7d14c17c6bd5fb21909c5ed https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/81d4e5bdcb10f7c45ccf848d04848ecb.JPG dacdac36d5b391997de5f2d5491e9c9a https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b7fa59d2349b0d5e4095c9d6430d3654.JPG bea36df004f2a827ce82f7aff8816240 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/609be4bdfab8283b1cad881e5fbf8e69.JPG 61f3134085075fb61a0ce6c9ccb4696c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 4 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Gargamel! at the Philips-Osbourne Wedding, 2006 Alternative Title Gargamel! at Philips-Osbourne Wedding Subject Gargamel! (Musical group) Orlando (Fla.) Concerts--United States Rock music--United States Funk (Music)--United States Music--Florida Musicians--Southern States Ellis, Chuck Weddings--United States Description Gargamel! performing live at the wedding of Adam Phillips and Becky Osborne on October 29, 2006. Phillips is a vocalist and multi-instrumentalist and Osborne is a vocalist and washboard player, as well as a visual artist from Orlando, Florida. The first photograph features Chuck Ellis on vocals and Wayne Larsen on keyboard. The second photograph features Ellis alone on vocals and the third photograph features Ellis dancing with a wedding guest. The fourth photograph shows Ryan Dailey on guitar, Larsen on keyboards, and Ellis on vocals. Gargamel! was formed in 1992 in Orlando, consisting of Chuck "Mandaddy" Ellis on vocals, John "Webb" Webber on drums, Matt "Boy Howdy" Lapham on bass, Darin "Skyjak" Bridges on guitar, and Pat “Headless Spawn” McCurdy on guitar. In 1995, Lester “Crazy Hector” Stover replaced Lapham on bass, and Wayne “Servo Beonic Man” Larsen joined on keyboards. Ray "El Diablo Guapo" Rivera joined on guitar in 1996, and was replaced by Ryan "Professor Knuckles" Dailey in 2000. Webber was replaced by Andy Mas on drums in 2006, and Mas was replaced by Kevin "Heavie Kevie" Collado in 2011. The band is rooted in funk metal, but their music combines elements of experimental rock, jazz, funk, Latin, ska, hip hop, and reggae. Known for their offbeat sense of humor and the stage antics of lead singer, Mandaddy, who named the band after a character from the animated children’s television show, The Smurfs, and who wears a black and orange outfit modeled after the cartoon villain, the band often incorporates surprising covers, such as Billy Joel songs. They have shared the stage with such national artists such as GWAR, Anthrax, Dog Fashion Disco, Tub Ring, Sleepytime Gorilla Museum, Genitorturers, Mushroomhead, Nonpoint, Bad Acid Trip, Skindred, and Skeleton Key. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, October 29, 2006: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, October 29, 2006. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000F_wWjQPWWTk/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000F_wWjQPWWTk/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc</a>. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000GpWUZ4rzPaM/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000GpWUZ4rzPaM/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc</a>. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000FUhMbHrtjfM/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000FUhMbHrtjfM/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc</a>. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000lRuC7Sgs9SM/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000lRuC7Sgs9SM/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc</a>. Coverage Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 10/29/2006 Date Copyrighted 10/29/2006 Format image/jpg Extent 23.6 KB 22.4 KB 26.3 KB 26.9 KB Medium 4 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Padgett, Mark. “<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/gargamel-unmasked/Content?oid=2259127" target="_blank">Gargamel! Unmasked</a>.” Orlando Weekly, June 14, 2000. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/gargamel-unmasked/Content?oid=2259127. Jordan, Douglas. “<a href="http://www.gainesville.com/article/20030124/COLUMNS10/201240309" target="_blank">Gargamel! is in your face</a>.” Gainesville.com, January 24, 2003. http://www.gainesville.com/article/20030124/COLUMNS10/201240309. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000F_wWjQPWWTk/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000GpWUZ4rzPaM/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000FUhMbHrtjfM/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2006-10-29-GARGAMEL-ADAM-BECKY-OSBOURNES-WEDDING/G00000Mzyi8gzo98/I0000lRuC7Sgs9SM/C0000UMZoXUUZnpc" target="_blank">Click for Larger Image</a> Adam Phillips Becky Osborne Becky Osborne Phillips Chuck "Mandaddy" Ellis concert experimental rock funk funk metal Gargamel! heavy metal hip hop jazz Latin Mandaddy music musician orlando Professor Knuckles rap Rebecca Osborne Rebecca Osborne Phillips reggae-rock rock rock music Ryan Dailey Servo Beonic Man ska Wayne Larsen wedding https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a27dbf52a1c6f921e38ab9216f26231f.jpg 448a6215f084f2d8a25d8ddd88f222fa https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2e7654538a4c69d1078ef885fd654987.jpg ba955638d487d96f1aa05373c8bbc53a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title funkUs at the 7th Annual Spring Jambando, 2012 Alternative Title funkUs at the Annual Spring Jambando Subject Funk (Music)--United States Orlando (Fla.) Music--United States Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Rock (Music)--United States Blues (Music)--Florida Jazz--United States Rhythm and blues music--United States R&B (Music) Description funkUs performing live at the 7th Annual Spring Jambando at The Plaza Theater, located at 425 North Bumby Avenue in Orlando, Florida, on April 28, 2012. The first photograph features Brian Burgess on bass guitar, and the second photograph features Burgess on bass guitar with Dave Mann on electric guitar. Formed in Orlando in 1998, funkUs earned a reputation as a band with a unique blend of eclectic musical genres, following in the footsteps of jam bands such as the Grateful Dead, the Allman Brothers Band, and Phish, by combining elements of rock, blues, jazz, rhythm and blues, and funk. The band’s live performances incorporate an improvisational structure with groove-heavy rhythms. Their albums include flavor (2001); strobe light (2002); free (2005), which features Tom Constanten, a former keyboard player for the Grateful Dead; got problems (2009); funkUs meets the Curious Circus (2009); and coconut monkey (2012). Regularly performing throughout Florida, the band has appeared at premier music festivals, including the Purple Hatter's Ball in 2013, Bear Creek Music Festival in 2009 and 2011, Orange Blossom Jamboree in 2010 and 2011, Jambando in the Park in 2010, 2011 and 2012, and many others. They have shared stages with notable bands such as Galactic, Soulive, Dumpstaphunk, Robby Krieger of The Doors, Victor Wooten, Steve Kimock Band, Zach Deputy, and Consider the Source. The lineup is ever-changing, based around its core members: Adam Freeman on drums and percussion, Alex Ceserani on bass and vocals, Bill Bairley on keyboard and vocals, and Dave Mann on guitar and vocals. A leading figure in the Orlando music scene, the band is also responsible for organizing Jambando, a musical concert series designed to showcase and stimulate Orlando's burgeoning jam band scene. Beginning in 2003 as an idea for the Orlando Fringe Festival, the concept was further developed through an ongoing concert series at Hard Rock Live, and has since made its current homes at The Plaza Theatre in Downtown Orlando's Milk District and The Spirit of Suwannee Music Park in Live Oak. Each concert is created through a collective of musicians and volunteers in a united and conscious effort to establish a musical brand for multi-genre Central Florida music. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, April 28, 2012: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, April 28, 2012. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-04-28-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-JAMBANDO-Orlando-FL/G0000xDQReyYIRsg/I0000Ig9Uv5r8z7M/C00004bs5i3cZxfk" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-04-28-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-JAMBANDO-Orlando-FL/G0000xDQReyYIRsg/I0000Ig9Uv5r8z7M/C00004bs5i3cZxfk</a>. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-04-28-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-JAMBANDO-Orlando-FL/G0000xDQReyYIRsg/I000012K8zQt_Pcw/C00004bs5i3cZxfk" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2012-04-28-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-JAMBANDO-Orlando-FL/G0000xDQReyYIRsg/I000012K8zQt_Pcw/C00004bs5i3cZxfk</a>. Coverage The Plaza Theater, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2012-04-28 Date Copyrighted 2012-04-28 Format image/jpg Extent 33 KB 35.2 KB Medium 2 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Bolden, Tony. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/212328134" target="_blank">The Funk Era and Beyond: New Perspectives on Black Popular Culture</a>. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. Vincent, Rickey. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32820668" target="_blank">Funk: The Music, the People, and the Rhythm of the One</a>. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1996. Abbitt, Jim. “<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-04-25/entertainment/os-jim-abbott-jambando-orlando-20130425_1_hindu-cowboys-music-fans-bonnaroo" target="_blank">Jambando still jams after 10 years</a>.” Orlando Sentinel. April 25, 2013. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-04-25/entertainment/os-jim-abbott-jambando-orlando-20130425_1_hindu-cowboys-music-fans-bonnaroo. Ruff, Emily. “<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/noodling-towards-nirvana/Content?oid=2258931" target="_blank">Noodling towards Nirvana</a>.” Orlando Weekly. March 18, 2004. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/noodling-towards-nirvana/Content?oid=2258931. Alicia Lyman bar bass guitar bassist blues Brian Burgess Bumby Avenue concert Dave Mann electric guitar funk guitar guitarist jam bando jazz nightclub orlando R&B rhythm and blues rock rock music singer Spring Jambando The Plaza Live vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/943814eeeae99747025cf148ee0d8bcf.JPG 37898ed5b38d6d6bcfdc4ccf4a050a8f https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f65962824b814409fae904f6e9490037.JPG 816d61553dbce99075a2bdefde24745d https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/de5f6324774806992907fd32e4c4656d.JPG 49e1cf1b6f816f0637ac32a9676a4893 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9afe9c5878d5212f1c1c320c95bcf82a.JPG 4675568622067aee89eaef151f050bf7 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a31a785ffa5f4f635250d012a2d9023d.JPG 1bb4ea7fc950f1005938a2aa65234c4e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 5 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title funkUs at The Plaza Theater, 2013 Alternative Title funkUs at The Plaza Theater Subject Funk (Music)--United States Orlando (Fla.) Music--United States Musicians--Southern States Concerts--United States Rock (Music)--United States Blues (Music)--Florida Jazz--United States Rhythm and blues music--United States R&B (Music) Description funkUs, performing live at The Plaza Theater, located at 425 North Bumby Avenue in Orlando, Florida, on January 16, 2013. The band was the opening act for Galactic, a jam band from New Orleans, Louisiana. The first photograph features Adam Freeman on drums, Clay Watson on trombone, Eugene Snowden on vocals, and Dave Mann on electric guitar. The second photograph shows Mann on electric guitar, Alessandro Ceserani on bass guitar, and Bill Bairley on keyboard. The third photograph features Mann and Ceserani, the fourth photograph features Freeman, and the fifth features Clay Watson on trombone. Formed in Orlando in 1998, funkUs earned a reputation as a band with a unique blend of eclectic musical genres, following in the footsteps of jam bands such as the Grateful Dead, the Allman Brothers Band, and Phish, by combining elements of rock, blues, jazz, rhythm and blues, and funk. The band’s live performances incorporate an improvisational structure with groove-heavy rhythms. Their albums include flavor (2001); strobe light (2002); free (2005), which features Tom Constanten, a former keyboard player for the Grateful Dead; got problems (2009); funkUs meets the Curious Circus (2009); and coconut monkey (2012). Regularly performing throughout Florida, the band has appeared at premier music festivals, including the Purple Hatter's Ball in 2013, Bear Creek Music Festival in 2009 and 2011, Orange Blossom Jamboree in 2010 and 2011, Jambando in the Park in 2010, 2011 and 2012, and many others. They have shared stages with notable bands such as Galactic, Soulive, Dumpstaphunk, Robby Krieger of The Doors, Victor Wooten, Steve Kimock Band, Zach Deputy, and Consider the Source. The lineup is ever-changing, based around its core members: Adam Freeman on drums and percussion, Alex Ceserani on bass and vocals, Bill Bairley on keyboard and vocals, and Dave Mann on guitar and vocals. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, January 16, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-01-16-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-Orlando-FL/G0000F75eYCWhCVY/I0000sTvtoceq7FM/C00004bs5i3cZxfk" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-01-16-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-Orlando-FL/G0000F75eYCWhCVY/I0000sTvtoceq7FM/C00004bs5i3cZxfk</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-01-16-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-Orlando-FL/G0000F75eYCWhCVY/I0000IN78g_a9elM/C00004bs5i3cZxfk" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-01-16-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-Orlando-FL/G0000F75eYCWhCVY/I0000IN78g_a9elM/C00004bs5i3cZxfk</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-01-16-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-Orlando-FL/G0000F75eYCWhCVY/I0000Z5fghjKIE24/C00004bs5i3cZxfk" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-01-16-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-Orlando-FL/G0000F75eYCWhCVY/I0000Z5fghjKIE24/C00004bs5i3cZxfk</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-01-16-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-Orlando-FL/G0000F75eYCWhCVY/I0000eO7V.BRq_j8/C00004bs5i3cZxfk" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-01-16-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-Orlando-FL/G0000F75eYCWhCVY/I0000eO7V.BRq_j8/C00004bs5i3cZxfk</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-01-16-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-Orlando-FL/G0000F75eYCWhCVY/I0000I.ooMyq1YQ8/C00004bs5i3cZxfk" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-01-16-FUNKUS-THE-PLAZA-LIVE-Orlando-FL/G0000F75eYCWhCVY/I0000I.ooMyq1YQ8/C00004bs5i3cZxfk</a>. Coverage The Plaza Theater, Orlando, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2013-01-14 Date Copyrighted 2013-01-14 Format image/jpg Extent 24 KB 17.6 KB 18.9 KB 25.9 KB 17.2 KB Medium 5 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Bolden, Tony. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/212328134" target="_blank">The Funk Era and Beyond: New Perspectives on Black Popular Culture</a>. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. Vincent, Rickey. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32820668" target="_blank">Funk: The Music, the People, and the Rhythm of the One</a>. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 1996. Abbitt, Jim. “<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-04-25/entertainment/os-jim-abbott-jambando-orlando-20130425_1_hindu-cowboys-music-fans-bonnaroo" target="_blank">Jambando still jams after 10 years</a>.” Orlando Sentinel. April 25, 2013. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-04-25/entertainment/os-jim-abbott-jambando-orlando-20130425_1_hindu-cowboys-music-fans-bonnaroo. Ruff, Emily. “<a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/noodling-towards-nirvana/Content?oid=2258931" target="_blank">Noodling towards Nirvana</a>.” Orlando Weekly. March 18, 2004. http://www.orlandoweekly.com/orlando/noodling-towards-nirvana/Content?oid=2258931. Adam Freeman Alessandro Cesarani Alex Cesarani Alicia Lyman bar bass guitar bassist Bill Bairley blues Bumby Avenue Clay Watson concert Dave Mann drummer drums electric guitar Eugene Snowden funk guitar guitarist jam band jazz keyboard keyboardist nightclub orlando R&B rhythm and blues rock rock music singer The Plaza Live The Plaza Live Theater The Plaza Live Theatre The Plaza Theater The Plaza Theatre trombone trombonist vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d730a398c0574aecd3e3561d48c03289.JPG fde409118ebe0df63d388646006d8ac8 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6c5b5497bed5ad60e8b057df2aa96d2f.JPG 05451bbb20cd74550ede9a931c2b7ac5 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5c12d0b70f74ce534947cdec6372e11b.JPG 45da02308ac72cc4706f71dacd0ea177 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/8d4b37e8f808696a8f0c2bfaa51cca44.JPG fc99ee6ab811c6023697cc2125a3e1c5 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b80eb1c2a93390cdae19f30d175e1edf.JPG e78db8703b0e064ae14e6aa1c2edcd9d https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b9c88b62ca6bb6ae85c469153889106b.JPG 40e5ec4833f6937de1d40fa6e9ab931d https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/20d7bd1e0e2cf5c0c03c873eb79d26f3.JPG 35c0a402df59d3497aa82d8d124f60ef https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a20fe58f7e6253a9646d061bb6cb01da.JPG ae7cca1a4a1a73a7aae1defa48d7b6b8 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/765eb67451c34daaa831bf2cc3eb0549.JPG d15595b4cb3724aabdbe8c892d679ed4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 9 color photographs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Dickey Betts & Great Southern Alternative Title Dickey Betts & Great Southern Subject Betts, Dickey Dickey Betts & Great Southern (Musical group) Concerts--United States Rock (Music)--United States Blues (Music)--Florida Country music--Southern States Music--United States Musicians--Southern States Sarasota (Fla.) Bradenton (Fla.) Description Dickey Betts & Great Southern performing live at a private party of over 300 friends and family in the swamplands of Fruitville, Florida, on February 24, 2013. The first four photographs feature Betts on electric guitar and the fourth photograph shows James Varnado on drums. The fifth and sixth photographs feature Duane Betts and Dickey Betts on guitar, the fourth features a crowd of friends and family at the show, and the fifth features Pedro Arevalo on bass guitar. Forrest Richard “Dickey” Betts is considered one of the most influential guitar players of the 20th century. He was born in West Palm Beach, raised in Bradenton, and has lived in Sarasota for most of his life. Beginning at age 16, he began performing in a series of rock bands on the Florida circuit. A founding member of the Allman Brothers Band in 1969, Betts matched bandleader Duane Allman lick for lick on electric guitar, writing many of their songs. The guitar duo introduced melodic twin guitar harmony and counterpoint, redefining the traditional rhythm/lead roles of rock guitarists. When Allman died in a motorcycle accident in 1971, Betts and Duane’s brother, Gregg Allman, shared leadership of the band, with Betts becoming the sole guitar player and taking a larger role in writing and singing. Betts wrote and sang on the group’s biggest hit, "Ramblin’ Man" in 1973 Betts recorded his first solo album in 1974, and when the band split up in 1976, he formed Dickey Betts & Great Southern. He rejoined the Allman Brothers Band when they reformed in 1978.The band split up again for several years during the 1980s, reformed again in 1989, and Betts remained with them until he was suspended for substance abuse problems in 2000. He reformed Great Southern that year, adding his son, Duane Betts, on guitar. Along with the Allman Brothers Band, Betts was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995. Type Still Image Source Original color photographs by Alicia Lyman, February 24, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Archive: Concerts Archive</a>, Alicia Lyman. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, February 24, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000ax_QozXAnSg/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000ax_QozXAnSg/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, February 24, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000vh2M_YSRX1w/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000vh2M_YSRX1w/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, February 24, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000Qdud6VMKEyU/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000Qdud6VMKEyU/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, February 24, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000wRDx4FIsFfw/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000wRDx4FIsFfw/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, February 24, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I00006M.HvA2EXsM/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I00006M.HvA2EXsM/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, February 24, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I00009rpZ5NxQRV8/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I00009rpZ5NxQRV8/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, February 24, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000VSQD9kg0sfA/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000VSQD9kg0sfA/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, February 24, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000FApIE8cOrW0/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000FApIE8cOrW0/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU</a>. Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Alicia Lyman, February 24, 2013: <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000ZO8CCkujD6s/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU" target="_blank">http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/2013-02-24-DICKEY-BETTS-GREAT-SOUTHERN-SPEICAL-GUESTS/G00003hCJm94WJ2k/I0000ZO8CCkujD6s/C0000N3GwcxUcDDU</a>. Coverage Fruitville, Florida Creator Lyman, Alicia Publisher Lyman, Alicia Contributor Lyman, Alicia Date Created 2013-02-24 Date Copyrighted 2013-02-24 Format image/jpg Extent 22.7 KB 21.4 KB 23.3 KB 27.2 KB 24.5 KB 21.5 KB 24.7 KB 18.5 KB 22.3 KB Medium 9 color photographs Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://alicialyman.com/" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://alicialyman.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/CONCERTS-archive/C0000q_kABE1Z.zs" target="_blank">Alicia Lyman Collection</a> External Reference Paul, Alan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/846545832" target="_blank">One Way Out: The Inside History of the Allman Brothers Band</a>. 2014. Tatangelo, Wade. “<a href="http://www.ticketsarasota.com/2014/10/29/dickey-betts-on-his-days-before-with-and-after-allman-brothers-interview/" target="_blank">Dickey Betts on his days before, with and after Allman Brothers: interview</a>.” Ticket Sarasota. October 29, 2014. http://www.ticketsarasota.com/2014/10/29/dickey-betts-on-his-days-before-with-and-after-allman-brothers-interview/. bass guitar bassist blues blues rock Bradenton concert country country music country rock Dick Betts Dickey Betts Dickey Betts & Great Southern drum drummer Duane Betts electric guitar Forrest "Dickey" Richard Betts Fruitville Gibson guitar Gibson Guitar Corporation Great Southern guitar guitarist James Varnado jazz jazz fusion Pedro Arevalo rock rock music Sarasota Sarasota County Southern rock vocalist https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ced1421db6ec4ed0ba8d996e0b7880f6.jpg f8a23e6156e94ec54e300a3df9c86314 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lyons Township High School Yearbook Alternative Title Lyons Township High Yearbook Subject Veterans--Florida Description A page from the Lyons Township High School yearbook from 1937. The public high school is located in La Grange, Illinois. The page contains a partial list of students from the school, their personal quotes and their extracurricular activities. A notable person listed on the page is Arthur Herman Huisken Jr. (1919-1996). He is described as a "good looking, wise cracking ‘friendly fellow’" who collected stamps and had a fascination with art. Born on January 30, 1919, in Baltimore, Maryland, Huisken later moved to the Midwest with his family, living in Wisconsin and Illinois. While attending Purdue University, Huisken enlisted in the United States Navy Reserves. After graduation, he received commissioning as an officer, first as a Ensign and later a Lieutenant Junior Grade. He served on the USS Steamer Bay, which was as an escort carrier that assisted in various operations in the Palau Islands, the Philippines, and Japan. The ship returned to the West Coast of the United States in August of 1945. After his discharge on April 22, 1946, Huisken began his career with General Electric in the plastic division of the company. His career took him to various places, including Pittsfield, Massachusetts, Decatur, Illinois, Taunton and Lynn, Massachusetts. While in Pittsfield, he met Janet Gray, whom he married on October 26, 1946. The couple bore a daughter, Deborah, and a son, David. After his retirement from General Electric, he and his wife moved to Central Florida, settling in Leesburg. On July 3, 1996, Huisken passed away at the age of seventy-seven, leaving behind his wife and two children. The Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, placed a memorial headstone in honor of Huisken and later for his wife, Janet, who passed away in 2008. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Still Image Source Digital reproduction of original yearbook page. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage La Grange, Illinois Creator Lyons Township High School Publisher Lyons Township High School Date Created ca. 1937 Format image/jpg Extent 1.34 MB Medium 1 yearbook page Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Lyons Township High School. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Connolly, Lehman Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository Lyons Township High School External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Alice Kelly Alvin Johnson Arthur Herman Huisken Jr. Betty Ann Johnson Blaise Huebsch Bushnell Cook County, Illinois Florida National Cemetery La Grange, Illinois Lyons Township High School Marvin Johnson Mary James military history military service national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration United States Navy veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program William Kane https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1b19187dcf7637196c35983c9c364c12.pdf 35eb6f549e04d8b99c141729c44bb0d3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Tampa Collection Alternative Title Tampa Collection Subject Tampa (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Tampa, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Before European settlement, the present-day Tampa area was inhibited by the Tocobaga and Pohoy tribes, which were decimated by European diseases and warfare. In 1824, the U.S. Army established the area's first permanent settlement called Fort Brooke, located at the mouth of the Hillsborough River. Siding with the Confederacy during the American Civil War, Tampa served as the site of the Battle of Tampa, an inconclusive battle from June 30 to July 1, 1862; the Battle of Fort Brooke on October 16, 1862; and the Battle of Ballast Point on October 18, 1863. Incorporated as a town in 1949, Tampa experienced immense growth in the 1880s with the arrival of the railroad, the discovery of phosphate, and the development of the cigar industry. From the 1920s to the 1950s, Tampa became a major center for organized crime, Prohibition-era bootlegging, and illegal bolita, a Cuban-influenced lottery. Tampa grew considerably during World War II, as the city was chosen for the location of MacDill Field, now the MacDill Air Forced Base (AFB). The founding of Busch Gardens Tampa and the University of South Florida also spurred growth. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/133" target="_blank">Hillsborough County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Tampa, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Contributor Cepero, Ray External Reference "<a href="http://www.tampagov.net/city-clerk/info/archives/city-of-tampa-incorporation-history" target="_blank">Incorporation History</a>." City of Tampa, Florida. http://www.tampagov.net/city-clerk/info/archives/city-of-tampa-incorporation-history. Mulder, Kenneth W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/22947009" target="_blank">Tampa Bay, Days of Long Ago</a>. Tampa, Fla: P & M Pub. Co, 1990. Brown, Canter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42476956" target="_blank">Tampa Before the Civil War</a>. Tampa, Fla: University of Tampa Press, 1999. Kerstein, Robert J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45202019" target="_blank">Politics and Growth in Twentieth-Century Tampa</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2001. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from Jim Macbeth to A. B. Cleveland (October 6, 1975) Alternative Title Letter from Macbeth to Cleveland (Oct. 6, 1975) Subject Sneads (Fla.) Post offices Museums--Florida Description A letter from Jim Macbeth, the Chief of the Florida Bureau of Historical Museums, to A. B. Cleveland, Tampa District Manager for the U.S. Postal Service (USPS). In the letter, Macbeth requests any obsolete artifacts relating to USPS. In particular, he is interested in post office boxes and rubber stamps. The bureau was established in 1967 when the Florida Legislature established the Florida Board of Archives and History to replace the Florida Board of Antiquities. The board included three additional bureaus: the Bureau of Archives and Records Management, the Bureau of Historic Sites and Properties, and the Bureau of Publications. In 1969, the Florida Division of Archives, History and Records Management was created to replace the board. The division was later renamed the Florida Division of Historical Resources in 1986. Type Text Source Original letter from Jim Macbeth to A. B. Cleveland, October 6, 1975: Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> References "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7595" target="_blank">Florida's Barefoot Mailman</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7595. Coverage Sneads, Florida Tampa, Florida Creator Macbeth, Jim Contributor Buck, Texann Ivy Date Created 1975-10-06 Format application/pdf Extent 307 KB Medium 2-page typewritten letter of State of Florida Department of State letterhead Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Jim Macbeth. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Texann Ivy Buck and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Stoddard, James Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck External Reference "<a href="http://dos.myflorida.com/historical/about/history-of-the-division/" target="_blank">History of the Division</a>." Florida Department of State, Florida Division of Historical Resources. http://dos.myflorida.com/historical/about/history-of-the-division/. A. B. Cleveland Florida Bureau of Historical Museums Florida Department of State Florida's Barefoot Mailman Jim Macbeth letter carriers mail carriers mailman mailmen museums post office box post office boxes post offices postmark stamps postmarks postmasters Sneads Tampa U.S. Postal Service USPS https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/67344be7a69c84abfedb139e700b219c.jpg 09c6a07bffc6cfc179e334f177f52959 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/68a7308c07400886168742da951f8172.jpg d2823c642bfdc811a3640daabb9477d9 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9bd321c6c11c61b9f4a53a04aa25ddcf.jpg 51fb2e5bae563f0dc0f87e88f9a1bc4b https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c0ede69154aa027cab0cdfb6d9a8cca6.jpg edad6b9601faf3f57fa75e5e7b9fda52 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9ad4a482b1ae535205e6bb682f692e13.jpg ffbadba580a71dc7acf8b2b59bf709c1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Churches of Sanford Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Alternative Title Sanford Churches Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the religious history of Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The present-day Sanford area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca/Joroco natives by the time Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole Indians. In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settled in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. In 1836, the United States Army built a road (present-day Mellonville Avenue) to a location called "Camp Monroe," during the Second Seminole War. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed "Fort Mellon," in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon. The town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat for Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869. In 1870, a lawyer from Connecticut by the name of Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,548 acres of open land west of Mellonville. His vision was to make this new land a major port city, both railway and by water. Sitting on Lake Monroe, and the head of the St. Johns River, the City of Sanford earned the nickname of “The Gate City of South Florida.” Sanford became not only a transportation hub, but a leading citrus industry in Florida, and eventually globally. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed "Celery City." In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development. Contributor MacDonald, Kathleen Smith, Austin Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage All Souls Catholic Church, Sanford, Florida New Mount Calvary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. John Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, Sanford, Florida Trinity United Methodist Church, Sanford, Florida Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410" target="_blank">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Bailey, Julius. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59879767">Around the Family Altar: Domesticity in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, 1865-1900</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2005. Gannon, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310797" target="_blank">The Cross in the Sand: The Early Catholic Church in Florida, 1513-1870</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1965. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 5 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title All Souls Catholic Church Historic Chapel, 2011 Alternative Title All Souls Historic Chapel Subject Sanford (Fla.) Catholic Church--Florida Churches--Florida Description The All Souls Catholic Church, located at 800 South Oak Avenue in Sanford, Florida, in 2011. All Souls Catholic Church was founded by Father McFaul in 1882 and is one of the oldest Catholic parishes in Central Florida. The original church building was completed in 1888, under the administration of the first missionary of the Diocese of Saint Augustine, Father Swembergh. The rectangular building was painted white, had four pillars in the front, and a gable roof. The church was destroyed by fire on January 25, 1932. Various testimonies and gossip surround the fire, offering inaccuracies to the date and cause of the incident. Because the building was destroyed during the Great Depression, parishioners struggled to rebuild the church. Following the fire, mass was held in a neighboring two-story structure built by the residing pastor, Father Patrick J. Bresnahan. Within the span of five years, church members were able to rebuild All Souls Church, and offered the community a larger, more prolific edifice to house church services. In 1951, the Catholic parish established the All Souls Catholic School, and staffed the academic institution with the first Sisters of Christian Charity to serve the State of Florida. The school was completed on September 7, 1954, and continued to add additional classrooms and activity spaces in 1960 and 1981. As of 2011, All Souls Catholic Church has expanded onto a 63-acre property located at 3280 West First Street. Creator MacDonald, Kathleen Source Original color digital images by Kathleen MacDonald, July 20, 2011. Date Created 2011-07-20 Format image/jpg Extent 4.17 MB 5. 14 MB 4.09 MB 3.44 MB 7.5 MB Medium 5 color digital images Language eng Type Still Image Coverage All Souls Catholic Church Historic Chapel, Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kathleen MacDonald and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Curator MacDonald, Kathleen Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.allsoulssanford.org/history">History</a>." All Souls Catholic Church. http://www.allsoulssanford.org/history. Peters, Kim Marie. "<a href="http://orlandomemory.info/memory/organization/all-souls-catholic-parish-history" target="_blank">All Souls Catholic Parish History</a>." Orlando Memory. http://orlandomemory.info/memory/organization/all-souls-catholic-parish-history. Gannon, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310797" target="_blank">The Cross in the Sand: The Early Catholic Church in Florida, 1513-1870</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1965. Transcript ALL SOULS CATHOLIC CHURCH HISTORIC CHAPEL 800 S. Oak Avenue, Sanford, FL 32771 MASS TIMES Sunday 8:00 am 5:00 pm - Latin CHURCH 3280 W. 1st Street, Sanford, FL 32771 MASS TIMES Saturday 5:00 pm Sunday Spanish - 8:30 am 10:00 am 11:30 pm PARISH OFFICE 301 W. 8th Street, Sanford, FL 32771 407-322-3795 allsoulsanford.org Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/65" target="_blank">Churches of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> 1st Street 8th Street All Souls Catholic Church All Souls Catholic Church Historic Chapel All Souls Catholic Church Parish Office Catholic Catholicism chapel church Eighth Street First Street Latin Mass MacDonald, Kathleen mass Oak Avenue Sanford Spanish Mass https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e6109f116b6bd8ac3e432080d681a60e.jpg 5d194b1c30167cb435ad06c6d537a645 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/68baf521fb38c74c26889820381b44f0.jpg dd47a3c4bbe70a8bf3831701dd2f7c97 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0cd67661769845d56ca94c6472f8f003.jpg aa2a4cc5e2d56dd259c35f0981a04011 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d53b1f325d68093a2a24286662066980.jpg 4e3fef3686efca53196f467e9b6593ec https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2073ccbe0853790f5fd6d4da00183bc0.jpg 67067342aab97b5735da4546c31d2599 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fe2822031d5f74dc4a989821008665b6.jpg 385ed46a997f067f9845844d22b6399e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Churches of Sanford Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Alternative Title Sanford Churches Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the religious history of Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The present-day Sanford area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca/Joroco natives by the time Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole Indians. In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settled in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. In 1836, the United States Army built a road (present-day Mellonville Avenue) to a location called "Camp Monroe," during the Second Seminole War. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed "Fort Mellon," in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon. The town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat for Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869. In 1870, a lawyer from Connecticut by the name of Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,548 acres of open land west of Mellonville. His vision was to make this new land a major port city, both railway and by water. Sitting on Lake Monroe, and the head of the St. Johns River, the City of Sanford earned the nickname of “The Gate City of South Florida.” Sanford became not only a transportation hub, but a leading citrus industry in Florida, and eventually globally. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed "Celery City." In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development. Contributor MacDonald, Kathleen Smith, Austin Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage All Souls Catholic Church, Sanford, Florida New Mount Calvary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. John Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, Sanford, Florida Trinity United Methodist Church, Sanford, Florida Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410" target="_blank">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Bailey, Julius. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59879767">Around the Family Altar: Domesticity in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, 1865-1900</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2005. Gannon, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310797" target="_blank">The Cross in the Sand: The Early Catholic Church in Florida, 1513-1870</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1965. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 6 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title New Mount Calvary Baptist Church, 2011 Alternative Title New Mount Calvary Baptist Church Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Baptists--Florida Baptist Church African American churches--Southern States Description New Mount Calvary Missionary Baptist Church, located at 1115 West Twelfth Street in Goldsboro, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida, in 2011. New Mount was founded in 1918 by former members of the First Shiloh Missionary Baptist Church, which is also located in Goldsboro at 700 South Elm Avenue. Seeking a more outwardly diligent ministry, a group of 30 parishioners were first congregated in the home of Mr. J. W. Simmons, located on Avocado Avenue. The subsequent meetings were then held at New Salem Primitive Baptist Church, located at 1500 West Twelfth Street, under the leadership of Reverend F. J. R. Brown. The church continued to grow, and within the same year church members began building a structure located on West Twelfth Street and Pecan Avenue, which was designed and built by famed African-American architect Prince W. Spears. Once completed in 1920, the church continued to expand and increase their involvement within the surrounding community. The church was rebuilt in 1938, adding numerous improvements and buildings to their plot of land. In 1993, New Mount Calvary was officially incorporated with the State of Florida, and later received its 501(c)3 with the U.S. Department of Treasury of the Internal Revenue Service in 2002. New Mount Calvary Missionary Baptist Church still stands as an iconic edifice, dedicated to serving their congregation's faith and community. Creator MacDonald, Kathleen Source Original color digital images by Kathleen MacDonald, June 17, 2011. Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2011-06-17 Format image/jpg Extent 4.33 MB 4.73 MB 4.52 MB 4.38 MB 4.52 MB 4.92 MB Medium 6 color digital images Language eng Type Still Image Coverage New Mount Calvary Baptist Church, Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kathleen MacDonald and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Curator MacDonald, Kathleen Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Elliott, Brenda, Stom L. Richards, and Jeanne Fillmore-Richards. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23380617">Orange County Black Communities Survey: Project Report</a>. Orlando, Fla: Yielding & Provost, 1990. Wilson, Dreck Spurlock. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52160103">African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945</a>. New York: Routledge, 2004. Transcript NEW MOUNT CALVARY BAPTIST CHURCH WELCOME SUNDAY SCHOOL 9:30 AM CHURCH 11:00AM BIBLE STUDY WEDNESDAY 7PM REV J J KSN[?] JR NEW MT. CALVARY BAPTIST CHURCH REBUILT 1938 S.A. ZACHARY, CHM. TRUSTEE BOARD R.M. JOHNSON, CHM. DEACONS BOARD THELMA FRANKLIN, CLERK REV. A. C. McQUEEN, PASTOR 1948 NEW MOUNT CALVARY BAPTIST CHURCH TRUSTEES A. BLACKSHERE C.S. KNIGHT C.L. SIMMONS J.T. THOMAS T.W. WILSON. CHAIRMAN REVD. F.J.R. BROWN. PASTOR P. W. SPEAR ARCHITECT & BUILDER 1918-1920 Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/65" target="_blank">Churches of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> 12th Street African American African-American church Baptist Baptist Church Blackshere, A. Board of Trustees Brown, F. J. R. church Franklin, Thelma Goldsboro Johnson, R. M. Knight, C. S. MacDonald, Kathleen McQueen, A. C. New Mount Calvary Baptist Church Pecan Avenue Sanford Simmons, C. L. Spear, Prince W. Thomas, J. T. Trustee Board Twelfth Street Wilson, T. W. Zachary, S. A. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ac35eec45387b09ab464eed9ccf60590.jpg c21542f3f13161ec7e0f3bb4c2a457de https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f437271d6328dddb45dbf8705b67c665.jpg 688d1164ba8fb663abbc8931e5a14be3 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3d1e776ea5bf208bed101feb7e601106.jpg d39371dfb3a2863708e39e19e892b559 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e4b06bfd911121429d04165b23b1823e.jpg d23807f4b97b474f3a0da34949b8fbef https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d5741accd3b3f1d81804935746745ffb.jpg 96724c10587577fab0d634efb20d6e1a https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/13293e7acbe5c2ba0c99e6bef1d799c5.jpg afa154c39fa7f2e6f8b0b5e052e2ad8a https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ccc46f3193e264b7ab690a530436de9c.jpg 7b2d38c83fc3f0b3d1a10af5c9b2c659 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5c53700685a062f5f7028eb2b6df97a2.jpg 2bcfcb31f7a7ef21cb27567a88824616 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Churches of Sanford Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Alternative Title Sanford Churches Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the religious history of Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The present-day Sanford area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca/Joroco natives by the time Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole Indians. In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settled in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. In 1836, the United States Army built a road (present-day Mellonville Avenue) to a location called "Camp Monroe," during the Second Seminole War. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed "Fort Mellon," in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon. The town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat for Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869. In 1870, a lawyer from Connecticut by the name of Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,548 acres of open land west of Mellonville. His vision was to make this new land a major port city, both railway and by water. Sitting on Lake Monroe, and the head of the St. Johns River, the City of Sanford earned the nickname of “The Gate City of South Florida.” Sanford became not only a transportation hub, but a leading citrus industry in Florida, and eventually globally. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed "Celery City." In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development. Contributor MacDonald, Kathleen Smith, Austin Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage All Souls Catholic Church, Sanford, Florida New Mount Calvary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. John Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, Sanford, Florida Trinity United Methodist Church, Sanford, Florida Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410" target="_blank">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Bailey, Julius. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59879767">Around the Family Altar: Domesticity in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, 1865-1900</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2005. Gannon, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310797" target="_blank">The Cross in the Sand: The Early Catholic Church in Florida, 1513-1870</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1965. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 8 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, 2011 Alternative Title St. James AME Church Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida African American churches--Southern States African Methodist Episcopal Church Methodism Methodists--Southern States National Historic Landmark Program (U.S.) Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Description St. James African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church, located at 819 Cypress Avenue in Sanford, Florida, in 2011. The history of St. James AME Church reaches far back into the history of Florida and the American Civil War. Immediately following the Civil War's end, Central Florida received a large migration of former slaves and black laborers. Along with the growth in migration, the AME church experienced significance expansion, as its popularity spread throughout the Southeastern United States. St. James AME Church was a direct result of these two historical patterns. Originally organized in 1867 as a prayer group for freedmen, the church was founded in a small wooden house located on Mellonville Street, along the south shore of Lake Monroe. By 1880, the church relocated to its current location on the corner of East Ninth Street and Cypress Avenue. In 1893, the church upgraded its size, and constructed a larger wooden frame to house its growing congregation. The present-day structure, which features red-brick facings, four matching stained glass windows, a bell tower, and slanted semi-circular seating within its baptistery, was built between 1910 and 1913, and designed by acclaimed African-American architect Prince W. Spears. During the 1920s and 1930s, St. James served as a Mother Church of the AME faith, and sent circuit preachers to its neighboring areas, including West Sanford, Bookertown, Cameron City, Midway, and Fort Reid. On April 24, 1992, St. James AME Church was a designated as a National Historic Landmark, and continues to serve as a religious center for the surrounding African-American community. Creator MacDonald, Kathleen Source Original color digital images by Kathleen MacDonald, 2011. Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2011 Format image/jpg Extent 4.28 MB 6.25 MB 4.32 MB 5.72 MB 5.52 MB 4.06 MB 4.34 MB 4.02 MB Medium 8 color digital images Language eng Type Still Image Coverage St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kathleen MacDonald and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Curator MacDonald, Kathleen Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rivers, Larry E., and Canter Brown. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653854">Laborers in the Vineyard of the Lord: The Beginnings of the AME Church in Florida, 1865-1895</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. Bailey, Julius. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59879767">Around the Family Altar: Domesticity in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, 1865-1900</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2005. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Wilson, Dreck Spurlock. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52160103">African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945</a>. New York: Routledge, 2004. Transcript ST. JAMES A-M-E CHURHC SUNDAY SCHOOL 9:30 A.M. MORNING WORSHIP 11:00 A.M. EVENING WORSHIP ST. JAMES AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH ERECTED - 1910-1913 819 CYPRESS AVE Saint James African Methodist Episcopal (A.M.E.) Church has been located on Cypress Avenue since 1880 on land purchased from General Henry S. Sanford. The current structure was designed by Prince W. Spears and built in 1910-1913. The design of the church is a Ravenna and Bacchus style of Constantinople (circa 527 A.D.). It contains an octagonal baptistry within a square structure; slanting theatre floor; circularly positioned pews; an octagonal cupola; and four matching stained-glass windows in a conservative, Tiffany style. Saint James was significant in the earlier days of the A.M.E. Church in Florida, serving as parent church to several mission churches in the Sanford area, and continues to play a leading role in the Black Churches of Florida. Presented to the St. James A.M.E. Church membership by the City of Sanford Historic Preservation Board - 1991 ST. JAMES A.M.E. CHURCH ORGANIZED AND BUILT 1880 BY REV. S. H. COLEMAN D. D. REBUILT 1913 BY REVS. W.H. BROWN. T.J. WILLIAMS. J.J. HARRIS. BOARD OF TRUSTEES F.E. EVERLY. M.T. SPIVEY. G.R. TIPP. W.F. CALHOUN. DAVE WARREN. TREAS. W.O. GREEN. ESTHER E. GREEN EX TRUSTEES. J.K. GRAMLING. TREAS. W.F. CALHOUN. SECY. REV. J.W. WILLIAMS. D. D. PASTOR. K. S. JOHNSON. EX TRUSTEE. W. B. BALLARD. EX TRUSTEE. 1928 ST. JAMES A.M.E. CHAPEL ORGANIZED IN 1881 BY REV. S. H. COLEMAN REBUILT IN 1890 BY REV. T. T. GAINES RELAID 1976 PRINCE HALL GRAND LO[?] REV. A. J. MACK 33' G M R. A. THIGPEN, PASTOR W.L. HAMILTON 33' D D TRUSTEES W. A. ASHLEY, JR.-VICE CHR JUANITA PAPINO - REC. SECT L. V. JOHNSON - FIN. SECT. A. L .BROWN RAYMOND FIELDS, SR. L. J. OLIVER E. C. WILSON A. F. DIX[?] *K. B. [?] MABEL HU[?] R. H. WRI[?] *DECEASED Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/65" target="_blank">Churches of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Ashley, W. A., Jr. Ballard, W. B. Brown, A. L. Brown, W. H. Byzantine architecture Calhoun, W. F. church City of Sanford Historic Preservation Board Coleman, S. H. Constantinople Constantinople, Byzantine Empire Cypress Avenue Everly F. E. Fields, Raymond, Sr. Gaines, T. T. Georgetown Gramling, J. K. Green, Esther E. Green, W. O. Hamilton, W. L. Harris, J. J. Johnson, K. S. Johnson, L. V. MacDonald, Kathleen Mack, A. J. Methodism Methodist National Historic Landmark Program Oliver, L. J. Papino, Juanita Prince Hall Ravenna, Italy Saint James African Methodist Episcopal Church Saint James AME Church Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton Spears, Prince W. Spivey, M. T. Temple of Bacchus Thigpen, R. A. Tipp, G. R. Warren, Dave Williams, J. W. Williams, T. J. Wilson, E. C. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/cd76a913d50782dd7485ab39abf636bc.jpg fe5b36b2580307e87bf90196daac7356 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/805a9c67f9dca3b54044ae4d10a6483a.jpg a6b32e3e542dc5770356ed6d35b56818 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b1db05d70c5088246cb5e80b4b071dd0.jpg cebfa6245793a34c8b7dd62a2c1911ee https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5949eb9642662b536d9446b464e28bcf.jpg 328d84ecc850d754beb062356155175a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Churches of Sanford Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Alternative Title Sanford Churches Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the religious history of Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The present-day Sanford area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca/Joroco natives by the time Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole Indians. In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settled in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. In 1836, the United States Army built a road (present-day Mellonville Avenue) to a location called "Camp Monroe," during the Second Seminole War. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed "Fort Mellon," in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon. The town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat for Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869. In 1870, a lawyer from Connecticut by the name of Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,548 acres of open land west of Mellonville. His vision was to make this new land a major port city, both railway and by water. Sitting on Lake Monroe, and the head of the St. Johns River, the City of Sanford earned the nickname of “The Gate City of South Florida.” Sanford became not only a transportation hub, but a leading citrus industry in Florida, and eventually globally. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed "Celery City." In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development. Contributor MacDonald, Kathleen Smith, Austin Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage All Souls Catholic Church, Sanford, Florida New Mount Calvary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. John Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, Sanford, Florida Trinity United Methodist Church, Sanford, Florida Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410" target="_blank">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Bailey, Julius. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59879767">Around the Family Altar: Domesticity in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, 1865-1900</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2005. Gannon, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310797" target="_blank">The Cross in the Sand: The Early Catholic Church in Florida, 1513-1870</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1965. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 4 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title St. John Missionary Baptist Church, 2011 Alternative Title St. John Missionary Baptist Church Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida African American churches--Southern States Baptist Church Baptists--Florida Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Description St. John Missionary Baptist Church, located at 920 Cypress Avenue in Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida, in 2011. St. John was organized under the leadership of Reverend M. W. Evans on May 10, 1895. Within a few years, the church was rebuilt at its current location, on the corner of Ninth Street and Cypress Avenue, under the guidance of its second pastor, Reverend C. J. Smith. The church experienced tremendous growth during the first half of the 20th century, allowing for a parsonage to be built in 1922, during the administration of Reverend C. L. Bradley, to aid in the housing of its succeeding pastors. The new construction plan was designed by famed African-American architect, Prince W. Spears. By 1941, the church experienced its first split, resulting in the creation of the New Bethel Missionary Baptist Church, located just two blocks away at 618 East Tenth Street. Throughout the next decade, St. John's was guided by a variety of reverends and pastors, who helped build additions onto the church structure, including restroom facilities and a basement. After the church operated without a pastor for a period of 15 months, the congregation called upon Reverend B. Whitehurst in June of 1958 to spear-head the church. Under Rev. Whitehurst, St. John became more spiritually and financially fortified, and took its most progressive steps by involving itself in the fight for the African-American community's fight for equal rights and numerous city and county-wide projects. In 1969, the church was remodeled and refurnished, and continued to experience the growth of its congregation. After 116 years of service to Sanford's African-American population, the church carries on its legacy by maintaining their involvement within the current neighborhood, through the offering of weekly services, prayer groups, and community service projects. Creator MacDonald, Kathleen Source Original color digital images by Kathleen MacDonald, June 17, 2011. Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2011-06-17 Format image/jpg Extent 5.19 MB 4.83 MB 4.53 MB 5.88 MB Medium 4 color digital images Language eng Type Still Image Coverage St. John Missionary Baptist Church, Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kathleen MacDonald and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Curator MacDonald, Kathleen Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.stjohnmbchurchsanford.com/#!about_us/c55t">About Us</a>." St. John Missionary Baptist Church of Sanford Florida, Inc. http://www.stjohnmbchurchsanford.com/#!about_us/c55t. Joiner, E. Earl. A<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Transcript St. JOHN MISSIONARY BAPTIST CHURCH "Be Ye Doers Of The Word..." SUNDAY SCHOOL 9:30AM WORSHIP 11:00AM WED. PRAYER 6:00PM "JESUS TO THE RESCUE" VACATION BIBLE SCHOOL JUNE 13-17 2011 6-8 PM Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/65" target="_blank">Churches of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Baptist Baptist Church church Cypress Avenue Georgetown MacDonald, Kathleen Sanford Spears, Prince W. St. John Missionary Baptist Church https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/bb60d3a4c8f53f5a58eafe32eccad013.jpg 0eb09eb28c24963774e5562b62d8fb7a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Churches of Sanford Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Alternative Title Sanford Churches Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the religious history of Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The present-day Sanford area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca/Joroco natives by the time Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole Indians. In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settled in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. In 1836, the United States Army built a road (present-day Mellonville Avenue) to a location called "Camp Monroe," during the Second Seminole War. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed "Fort Mellon," in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon. The town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat for Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869. In 1870, a lawyer from Connecticut by the name of Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,548 acres of open land west of Mellonville. His vision was to make this new land a major port city, both railway and by water. Sitting on Lake Monroe, and the head of the St. Johns River, the City of Sanford earned the nickname of “The Gate City of South Florida.” Sanford became not only a transportation hub, but a leading citrus industry in Florida, and eventually globally. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed "Celery City." In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development. Contributor MacDonald, Kathleen Smith, Austin Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage All Souls Catholic Church, Sanford, Florida New Mount Calvary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. John Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, Sanford, Florida Trinity United Methodist Church, Sanford, Florida Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410" target="_blank">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Bailey, Julius. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59879767">Around the Family Altar: Domesticity in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, 1865-1900</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2005. Gannon, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310797" target="_blank">The Cross in the Sand: The Early Catholic Church in Florida, 1513-1870</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1965. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church Bell Alternative Title St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Baptists--Florida Baptist Church Description St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, located at 813 Pine Avenue in Sanford, Florida in 2011. Considered the oldest African-American Baptist church in Sanford, Florida, St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church was first organized under an arbor brush in 1878. Construction of the first church building began in 1880 on land purchased from General Henry S. Sanford and his wife Gertrude in November of 1881. The church was a small wooden structure administered by its first settled pastor, Reverend Paul Youmans, until 1886. A new, larger church was constructed in 1889 and served the congregation until its condemnation in 1958. After the church was condemned, members of the congregation held services at Hopper Elementary for approximately one month. Following the use of the elementary school, the congregation met at the Seventh Day Adventist Church located on the corner of Pine Avenue and East Seventh Street. After the completion of their current church, the congregation finally relocated to their new building on February 5, 1961. This church structure stands at the same location of the initial church's small wooden building, and continues to demonstrate deep pride within their community's faith, history, and involvement. Creator MacDonald, Kathleen Source Original color digital image by Kathleen A. MacDonald, August 3, 2011. Publisher RICHES of Central Florida Date Created 2011-08-03 Format image/jpg Extent 1.54 MB Medium Born digital image Language eng Type Still Image Coverage Sanford, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.804809, -81.262503 Temporal Coverage 2011-08-03/ Accrual Method Item Creation Audience Education Level SS.K.A.1.2 SS.1.A.1.1 SS.2.A.1.1 SS.2.C.2.5 SS.3.A.1.1 SS.3.A.1.2 SS.3.G.4.4 SS.4.A.1.1 SS.5.A.1.1 SS.6.W.1.3 SS.8.A.1.5 SS.8.A.2.7 SS.912.A.1.2 SS.912.W.1.3 Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kathleen MacDonald and owned by RICHES of Central Florida. Rights Holder RICHES of Central Florida Curator MacDonald, Kathleen Digital Collection RICHES MI External Reference Bentley, Altermese Smith. History of the First South Florida Missionary Baptist Association, 1888-1988. Chuluota, Fla: Published for the Association by Mickler House Publishers, 1988. Joiner, E. Earl. A History of Florida Baptists. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. African Americans of Sanford. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. External Reference Title <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/20454435">History of the First South Florida Missionary Baptist Association, 1888-1988</a> <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410">A History of Florida Baptists</a> <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a> Pine Avenue St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1f55691302deea8be026fd8e9797f2f1.jpg 7ad12d17672a5037cb5035c66171cb9d https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a4751cd77ec5a12f097451dbf4566bd3.jpg 15901da38ab4218f79cab7801b3d7bd4 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/50a14813ca36a32dec0e1b000f6f7753.jpg 42a094f49e828a2a1f58a25ead7c1a75 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3c79b3d34bd09958adf63bdfd52ffb07.jpg f301adad84d31be39baa441df10d157e https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/38453bd27c4289a40ef5e9d00ded20f2.jpg ac5219ebfa096807a9f76b8248bb9e98 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1883b3f54d9be9fff52f744094fa8927.jpg 0eb09eb28c24963774e5562b62d8fb7a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Churches of Sanford Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Alternative Title Sanford Churches Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the religious history of Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The present-day Sanford area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca/Joroco natives by the time Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole Indians. In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settled in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. In 1836, the United States Army built a road (present-day Mellonville Avenue) to a location called "Camp Monroe," during the Second Seminole War. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed "Fort Mellon," in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon. The town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat for Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869. In 1870, a lawyer from Connecticut by the name of Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,548 acres of open land west of Mellonville. His vision was to make this new land a major port city, both railway and by water. Sitting on Lake Monroe, and the head of the St. Johns River, the City of Sanford earned the nickname of “The Gate City of South Florida.” Sanford became not only a transportation hub, but a leading citrus industry in Florida, and eventually globally. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed "Celery City." In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development. Contributor MacDonald, Kathleen Smith, Austin Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage All Souls Catholic Church, Sanford, Florida New Mount Calvary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. John Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, Sanford, Florida Trinity United Methodist Church, Sanford, Florida Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410" target="_blank">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Bailey, Julius. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59879767">Around the Family Altar: Domesticity in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, 1865-1900</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2005. Gannon, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310797" target="_blank">The Cross in the Sand: The Early Catholic Church in Florida, 1513-1870</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1965. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 6 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, 2011 Alternative Title St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Baptist Church African American churches--Southern States Baptists--Florida Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Description St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, located at 813 Pine Avenue in Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida, in 2011. Considered the oldest African-American Baptist church in Sanford, St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church was first organized under an arbor brush in 1878. Construction of the first church building began in 1880 on land purchased from General Henry Shelton Sanford and his wife, Gertrude Dupuy Sanford, in November of 1881. The church was a small wooden structure administered by its first settled pastor, Reverend Paul Youmans, until 1886. A new, larger church was constructed in 1889 and served the congregation until its condemnation in 1958. After the church was condemned, members of the congregation held services at Hopper Elementary School for approximately one month. Following the use of the elementary school, the congregation met at the Seventh Day Adventist Church located on the corner of Pine Avenue and East Seventh Street. After the completion of their current church, the congregation finally relocated to their new building on February 5, 1961. This church structure stands at the same location of the initial church's small wooden building, and continues to demonstrate deep pride within their community's faith, history, and involvement. Creator MacDonald, Kathleen Source Original color digital images by Kathleen MacDonald, August 3, 2011. Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2011-08-03 Format image/jpg Extent 1.19 MB 1.11 MB 1.32 MB 1.41 MB 1.04 MB 1.54 MB Medium 6 color digital images Language eng Type Still Image Coverage St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, Georgetown Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kathleen MacDonald and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Curator MacDonald, Kathleen Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Bentley, Altermese Smith. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/20454435">History of the First South Florida Missionary Baptist Association, 1888-1988</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Published for the Association by Mickler House Publishers, 1988. Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Transcript ST PAUL BAPTIST CHURCH Worship Service 11:00 a.m. Sunday School 9:30 a.m. Thursday Bible Study & Prayer 7:00 p.m. Pastor Lowman Olive Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/65" target="_blank">Churches of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> African American African-American church Baptist Baptist Church church Georgetown MacDonald, Kathleen Olive, Lowman Pine Avenue Sanford St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f04e94dd5fb3940700a2cca20d740fcc.jpg 05c985470fdafd5e0e7d3bfb791ae778 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/176b0b9c5882d4ea271188b4de932913.jpg 965a1633d9625e8962a7fb6d5bf59bc8 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/34995dae001e7789e633e6e27399a236.jpg 7c06cd13971796840727ecf95e44298e https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/bcea30cb53b82f873d6f920537ece5a4.jpg a422d9ee5698f45b9328d3ad1d8fd6bd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Churches of Sanford Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Alternative Title Sanford Churches Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the religious history of Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The present-day Sanford area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca/Joroco natives by the time Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole Indians. In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settled in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. In 1836, the United States Army built a road (present-day Mellonville Avenue) to a location called "Camp Monroe," during the Second Seminole War. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed "Fort Mellon," in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon. The town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat for Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869. In 1870, a lawyer from Connecticut by the name of Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,548 acres of open land west of Mellonville. His vision was to make this new land a major port city, both railway and by water. Sitting on Lake Monroe, and the head of the St. Johns River, the City of Sanford earned the nickname of “The Gate City of South Florida.” Sanford became not only a transportation hub, but a leading citrus industry in Florida, and eventually globally. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed "Celery City." In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development. Contributor MacDonald, Kathleen Smith, Austin Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage All Souls Catholic Church, Sanford, Florida New Mount Calvary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. John Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, Sanford, Florida Trinity United Methodist Church, Sanford, Florida Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410" target="_blank">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Bailey, Julius. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59879767">Around the Family Altar: Domesticity in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, 1865-1900</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2005. Gannon, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310797" target="_blank">The Cross in the Sand: The Early Catholic Church in Florida, 1513-1870</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1965. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 4 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Trinity United Methodist Church, 2011 Alternative Title Trinity United Methodist Church Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida African American churches--Southern States Methodism United Methodist Church (U.S.) Methodists--Southern States Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Description Trinity United Methodist Church (UMC), located at 526 South Sanford Avenue in Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida, in 2011. Trinity UMC was originally named the New Mount Zion Colored Methodist Episcopal (CME) Church and dates back to the early 1890s. Currently located at the corner of South Sanford Avenue and East Sixth Street, Trinity UMC first held their services at the home of church member Violet Graham at East Sixth Street and Hickory Avenue. Following a donation made by the all-white Methodist Episcopal Church (MEC), services were relocated to a building erected on a lot on the northwest corner of East Sixth Street and Sanford Avenue. In the 1920s, a new church was designed and built by famed African-American architect, Prince W. Spears. Creator MacDonald, Kathleen Source Original color digital images by Kathleen MacDonald, June 17, 2011. Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2011-06-17 Format image/jpg Extent 6.81 MB 5.51 MB 4.01 MB 4.1 MB Medium 4 color digital images Language eng Type Still Image Coverage Trinity United Methodist Church, Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kathleen MacDonald and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Curator MacDonald, Kathleen Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> External Reference United Methodist Church (U.S.), and Association of Methodist Historical Societies. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1714380">Methodist History</a>. Lake Junaluska, N.C.: Commission on Archives and History, The United Methodist Church], 1962. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Elliott, Brenda, Stom L. Richards, and Jeanne Fillmore-Richards. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23380617">Orange County Black Communities Survey: Project Report</a>. Orlando, Fla: Yielding Provost, 1990. Transcript TRINITY UNITED METHODIST CHURCH ~Established 1879~ Sunday School 9:30 a.m. Worship Service 11:00 a.m. Pastor Sedrick Harris BIBLE STUDY TUESDAY 6PM In Memory of Mr. Wesley Wright, Jr. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/65" target="_blank">Churches of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> 6th Street African American African-American church Bible study church Georgetown Harris, Sedrick MacDonald, Kathleen Methodism Methodist Sanford Sanford Avenue Sixth Street Spears, Prince W. Sunday school Trinity UMC Trinity United Methodist Church UMC United Methodist Church Wright, Wesley, Jr. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/26b4663181adc0bc5696e43f078739cc.jpg bd9230ce46217197de19a315f738d5b6 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f8950515369c27e59ba57f6710426efa.jpg 7bd492675d8f66184c49e55dd97fc8a4 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/8fb0e53473d146d37a4608177ba720d4.jpg 10a8cb1b8301badd50c52bc2c5efbcaa https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/42d0acc4d42b33b21430eaa0d2b1c003.jpg 5be1d340ddf5cb56a2d0f2af30f8283c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Churches of Sanford Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Alternative Title Sanford Churches Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the religious history of Sanford, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The present-day Sanford area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca/Joroco natives by the time Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole Indians. In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settled in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. In 1836, the United States Army built a road (present-day Mellonville Avenue) to a location called "Camp Monroe," during the Second Seminole War. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed "Fort Mellon," in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon. The town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat for Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869. In 1870, a lawyer from Connecticut by the name of Henry Shelton Sanford purchased 12,548 acres of open land west of Mellonville. His vision was to make this new land a major port city, both railway and by water. Sitting on Lake Monroe, and the head of the St. Johns River, the City of Sanford earned the nickname of “The Gate City of South Florida.” Sanford became not only a transportation hub, but a leading citrus industry in Florida, and eventually globally. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed "Celery City." In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development. Contributor MacDonald, Kathleen Smith, Austin Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage All Souls Catholic Church, Sanford, Florida New Mount Calvary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. John Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church, Sanford, Florida Trinity United Methodist Church, Sanford, Florida Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410" target="_blank">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Bailey, Julius. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59879767">Around the Family Altar: Domesticity in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, 1865-1900</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2005. Gannon, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310797" target="_blank">The Cross in the Sand: The Early Catholic Church in Florida, 1513-1870</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1965. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 4 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, 2011 Alternative Title Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church Subject Sanford (Fla.) Churches--Florida Baptist Church African American churches--Southern States Baptists--Florida Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Description Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, located at 710 Orange Avenue in Georgetown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida, in 2011. Zion Hope was founded in a brush arbor, under the leadership of Reverend Wash Levingston, on June 9, 1888. After Reverend Joe Richards took over as the first settled pastor, church services were conducted in an old horse stable on Mellonville Avenue from 1888 to 1890. The church relocated to the corner of East Fifth Street and Locust Avenue and converted the original structure into a small, oblong-framed church to accommodate the growing congregation. This building served the congregation until 1926. A new concrete, stone-block building was then constructed at its current location, on the corner of East Eighth Street and Orange Avenue under the guidance of Reverend Hardy Wesley Williams. Other previous pastors include Reverends Paul Newman, G. W. Phillips, W .A. Jenkins, and John Hurston, the father of award-winning author and anthropologist Zora Neale Hurston. Creator MacDonald, Kathleen Source Original color digital images by Kathleen MacDonald, June 17, 2011. Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2011-06-17 Format image/jpg Extent 5.62 MB 3.7 MB 4.7 MB 3.99 MB Medium 4 color digital images Language eng Type Still Image Coverage Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church, Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kathleen MacDonald and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Curator MacDonald, Kathleen Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Elliott, Brenda, Stom L. Richards, and Jeanne Fillmore-Richards. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23380617">Orange County Black Communities Survey: Project Report</a>. Orlando, Fla: Yielding & Provost, 1990. New Mount Calvary Missionary Baptist Church, 1918-1920 (Sanford, FL: New Mount Calvary Missionary Baptist Church). Transcript ZION HOPE MISSIONARY BAPTIST CHURCH Rev. Michael Griffin, Pastor ~ZION HOPE ~ Missionary Baptist Church 710 Orange Ave., Sanford, Fl 32771 ORDER OF SERVICE 1st Sunday - (Holy Communion) - 11:00 a.m. 2nd Sunday - (Mission Ministry - 11:00 a.m. 3rd Sunday - (Pastorial Sunday) - 11:00 a.m. 4th Sunday - -(Youth Ministry) - 11:00 a.m. 5th Sunday - (Old Fashion Day) - 11:00 a.m. Sunday School - (Every Sunday) - 9:45 a.m. Bible Study - (Every Wednesday) - 6:30 p.m. CHURCH VAN 710 Orange Avenue, Sanford, FL 32771 Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/65" target="_blank">Churches of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> 8th Street Baptist Baptist Church Bible study church Eighth Street Georgetown Griffin, Michael Holy Communion MacDonald, Kathleen Mission Ministry Old Fasion Day Orange Avenue Pastorial Sunday Sanford Sunday school youth ministry Zion Hope Missionary Baptist Church https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/af81047a55843fc4232fea922d9b88c6.jpg 04b6a6685c2cede3cad08b3ebf133283 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/cdb74f09db77940a50d6266abc2e098a.jpg 6c4e3205b02ddf9c131546ffa906706f https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f3793bd60094e33f6afb56dc35d6ba7f.jpg 32b98f014d2669e555fde409f53ccdc2 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f17cfa168f76db33d7f9798aa85822a9.jpg c9ee56dc6b8a955900d8c9fced2a6615 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/663052df749cfde01898bb46aa774d0e.jpg 7b489e16042683637162ae6333120e11 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3f583e1694e12141c6280d957e665201.jpg a788716700d726281cc1b8b0c1c90807 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title History Harvest Collection Alternative Title History Harvest Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Schools Elementary schools Grammar schools High schools--Florida Description The Student Museum Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Student Museum History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2013. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford High School, Sanford, Florida Westside Grammar Elementary School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Grammar School, Sanford, Florida Student Museum, Sanford, Florida UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a> <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 6 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Student Museum, 2011 Alternative Title Student Museum Subject Sanford (Fla.) Museums--Florida High schools--Florida Elementary schools--United States Grammar schools Description The Student Museum and Center for Social Studies, located at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 2011. The building was originally occupied by Sanford High School, which was established in 1902. The structure was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on Sanford Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. In 1984, the structure was placed on the National Registry of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. The building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012. Creator MacDonald, Kathleen Source Original color digital images by Kathleen MacDonald, July 20, 2011. Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2011-07-20 Format image/jpg Extent 4.69 MB 6.39 MB 6.44 MB 6.79 MB 8.05 MB 5.28 MB Medium 6 color digital images Type Still Image Coverage Student Museum and Center for Social Studies, Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Humanities Teacher Visual Arts Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kathleen MacDonald and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Curator MacDonald, Kathleen Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Transcript ERECTED 1902 THE SCHOOL BOARD of SEMINOLE COUNTY STUDENT MUSEUM and CENTER FOR SOCIAL STUDIES SANFORD HISTORIC TRUST PRESERVATION AWARD 1997 301 STUDENT MUSEUM CLOSED JULY 1. AUG 13, 2011 JOIN US FOR OUR BELL RINGING CEREMONY 8\15 1916. BOARD OF TRUSTEES H.R. STEVENS B.F. WHITNER S. RUNGE E.J. MOUGHTON ARCHT. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/65" target="_blank">Churches of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> 7th Street Board of Trustees elementary school grammar school high school MacDonald, Kathleen Moughton, Elton J. museum PHC Public History Center Romanesque revival architecture Runge, S. Sanford Sanford Grammar School Sanford High School Sanford Historic Trust Sanford Historic Trust Preservation Award school School Board of Seminole County Seventh Street Stevens, H. R. Student Museum and Center for Social Studies Westside Grammar Elementary School Whitner, B. F. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/61110cbcd405897f6b3034bee378def7.jpg 7d27e270e48e2fcd620f9ea98ff7337f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (April 28, 1884) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (April 28, 1884) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated April 28, 1884. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane made reference to the transfer of 250 company shares to Mr. I. I. Foulkrod. The shares, forwarded at Sanford's request, were valued at £20 each for a total value of £5,000. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, April 28, 1884: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.1, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.1, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, April 28, 1884. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Washington, D.C. Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1884-04-28 Format image/jpg Extent 258 KB Medium 1-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company Foulkrod, I. I. investment Macfarlane, A. W. Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton share https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e4f25b2c7cf48c3407646c9cbb06ef6d.jpg e168e2640d871b26a6db0c731de0418f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (August 27, 1884) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (August 27, 1884) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated August 27, 1884. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane discussed several possibilities for the usage of company profits earned during the fiscal year ending on June 30, 1884. Macfarlane suggested either directing half of the profits to the reduction of company property values but with no distribution of dividends, or directing a quarter of profits to the reduction of property values, with shareholders receiving a 5% dividend for the year. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, August 27, 1884: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida.. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, August 27, 1884. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Hombourg, Belgium Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1884-08-27 Format image/jpg Extent 297 KB Medium 1-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars dividend FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment Macfarlane, A. W. property Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton share shareholder https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e5c49d28bc885588581cbcd12eb5a1fb.pdf ddded1bef0567f178f0bf7b2045aff53 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (October 3, 1884) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (October 3, 1884) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated October 3, 1884. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane discussed the minutes from the previous meeting of the board of directors. Sanford, staying in Belgium at the time, was unable to attend. Perhaps the most important board decision, conveyed by Macfarlane, was the transfer of the power to sign deeds. The board decided that it was in the company's best interest to transfer this power from Henry Sanford to E. R. Trafford and William Beardall. Trafford was the company's agent based in Sanford, Florida, while Beardall was sent to Sanford from London to serve as the Assistant Manager in the FLCC's Sanford office. The action, taken by the board, reflected the strained relations between Henry Sanford and his London-based partners. It represented an effort to limit the powers and influence of Henry Sanford in company decision-making and instead to reallocate these powers to two company-appointed agents. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, October 3, 1884: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.3, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.3, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida.. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, October 3, 1884. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Gingelom, Belgium Sanford, Florida Polk County, Florida Sumter County, Florida Hernando County, Florida Brevard County, Florida Volusia County, Florida Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1884-10-03 Format application/pdf Extent 506 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars Beardall, William board meeting board of directors Brevard County deed FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company Gingelom, Belgium Hernando County investment Macfarlane, A. W. Polk County Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton Sumter County Trafford, E. R. Volusia County https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e814d4f68e25aa11a17bf692dca06c36.pdf ae9dd3325198343b7369930141c1c21b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 6-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (December 23, 1884) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (December 23, 1884) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated December 23, 1884. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane described in detail the minutes of the board of directors meeting held the day prior. In discussing the various topics of importance, Macfarlane conveyed the strained relationship between the board of directors and Henry Sanford. In particular, the letter illustrated the mutual misunderstandings and differences of opinion held by Sanford and the London-based investors. On page two, when discussing the financial state of the company, Macfarlane noted that "the Directors desire me to express their regret that you have not indicated to them some practical means of raising money to meet the above requirements [and] the Debentures shortly falling due." The letter reflected the board's lack of trust in the financial strategies advocated by Sanford. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, December 23, 1884: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.4, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.4, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, December 23, 1884. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Gingelom, Belgium Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1884-12-23 Format application/pdf Extent 0.98 MB Medium 6-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars board meeting board of directors debenture finance FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment investor Macfarlane, A. W. Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/94bd0cf1595c942f155aef52f20423e6.jpg ff6b25aea9855a62ce9a0eea0a866010 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (December 29, 1884) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (December 29, 1884) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated December 29, 1884. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane discussed various aspects of the company's financial state, noting disappointment in lower-than-expected land sales in Florida. At one point, Macfarlane expressed concern that "[t]he cash on hand in Florida, in the office [and] banks, at the end of November amounted to less than £400 not more than required for the business." The letter conveyed the often tenuous nature of the company's efforts to turn a profit in Florida. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, December 29, 1884: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.5, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.5, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, December 29, 1884. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Gingelom, Belgium Florida Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1884-12-29 Format image/jpg Extent 150 KB Medium 1-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars bank finance FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment land Macfarlane, A. W. real estate sale Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/db9fa576b1480ab569beb582d157c491.pdf bf1f0326ca1c5da4d478c277aea0bd56 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (January 8, 1885) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (January 8, 1885) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated January 8, 1885. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane referenced the company efforts to raise a final £3,000 of a needed £5,000 to complete a land acquisition deal in Florida, a deal advanced and encouraged by Henry Sanford. Macfarlane noted that the company's bank, Barclay & Company, refused to provide an advance of funds without a joint guarantee from all of the members of the company's board. Macfarlane noted that some of the board members had objections to this requirement, reflecting a gulf between business strategies endorsed by Sanford and his fellow board members. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, January 8, 1885: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.6, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.6, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, January 8, 1885. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Berlin, Germany Florida Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1884-01-08 Format application/pdf Extent 225 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars bank Barclay and Company finance FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment land acquisition Macfarlane, A. W. real estate Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b5f2d7d6b5fae103093a8d6f673c6217.pdf d9a61896e74b2c0a8d91e4c8797808be Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 3-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (January 20, 1885) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (January 20, 1885) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated January 20, 1885. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane discussed several recent decisions taken by the board of directors of the FLCC. He explained how the local FLCC agent based in Sanford, Florida, E. R. Trafford, was in the process of purchasing tracts of land on behalf of the company, adding that $15,000 had been raised to facilitate Trafford's purchase. The money raised for the land purchase was loaned from the London-based bank Barclay & Company. Macfarlane noted that, in order to obtain the money, the company needed to offer the bank securities in the form of land notes valued at twice the amount of the loan requested. Macfarlane deemed it necessary to note that, following the most recent loan, the company was indebted to the bank in the amount of £5,144.13, of which £2,000 would be due by April 1885. Macfarlane stated that, with the bank loan and company debentures combined, the FLCC had nearly £30,000 due by the end of the fiscal year in early July. Reflecting the often tenuous nature of the company's finances, Macfarlane added that "[t]he [Florida] agent in his report last June estimated remittances at £14,000 of which as yet only £2,200 has been received." The secretary concluded the matter by stating that "[t]he urgency of making prompt financial arrangements has in no way been relieved and I am directed again to state that the Directors consider they are incurring grave responsibility by having this question open." The stringent financial guaranties needed by the company's bank for further loans are significant. The bank's steep terms possibly reflect both the uncertainty of profitability associated with Florida land sales as well as the uncertain viability of the FLCC. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, January 20, 1885: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.7, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.7, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Referenced By "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3400" target="_blank">Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to F. R. Shelton (January 21, 1885)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3400. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, January 20, 1885. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Berlin, Germany Sanford, Florida Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1884-01-20 Format application/pdf Extent 414 KB Medium 3-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars bank bank security Barclay and Company debenture finance FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment land note loan Macfarlane, A. W. real estate Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton Shelton, F. R. Trafford, E. R. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/401ee88ebb757ba006ff669b3f47cb68.pdf c83c4c8d046dece87bd285728612d61d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 3-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to F. R. Shelton (January 21, 1885) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Shelton (January 21, 1885) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to F. R. Shelton dated January 21, 1885. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane informs Shelton, a Philadelphia-based lawyer and banker at Manayunk Bank, that he had been elected to the board of directors. Macfarlane reminded Shelton that the FLCC had some $75,000 in land notes housed at the Manayunk Bank and he expressed hope to Shelton that "with your large banking connections, you may be able to negotiate so as to meet the present requirements of the Company." Shelton's addition to the board of directors was a move prompted by Henry Shelton Sanford and the board of director's acquiescence on the matter was done in part in an effort to placate Sanford. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to F. R. Shelton, January 21, 1885: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.8, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.8, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Referenced By "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3399" target="_blank">Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (January 20, 1885)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3399. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3402" target="_blank">Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (February 3, 1885)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3402. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to F. R. Shelton, January 21, 1885. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1884-01-21 Format application/pdf Extent 414 KB Medium 3-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars bank banker board of directors finance FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment land note Macfarlane, A. W. Manayunk Bank Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton Shelton, F. R. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9602796d04980be5681fab8c527e31cf.pdf fbe4f8a42c54de55f7261ec31713a2a6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (January 24, 1885) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (January 24, 1885) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated January 24, 1885. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane acknowledged receipt of a letter sent by Sanford while also relaying relevant information sent to the company's main office from its Florida-based representative, E. R. Trafford. In particular, Macfarlane noted that, in an earlier letter, Trafford cited his earlier request for $15,000 needed for further land acquisition. In his message to Sanford, Macfarlane made clear that Trafford had not sent any confirmation of the finalized land purchase. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, January 24, 1885: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.9, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.9, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, January 24, 1885. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Berlin, Germany Sanford, Florida Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1884-01-24 Format application/pdf Extent 227 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars finance FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment land acquisition Macfarlane, A. W. real estate Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton Trafford, E. R. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/64269c34ff4bdda1ecf013ac81bfa9b6.pdf c0a2f49d3183649db2d81a4553b3609a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (February 3, 1885) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (February 3, 1885) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated January 24, 1885. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane explained to Sanford that the board of directors had rejected a scheme proposed by Sanford as a means to paying company debts. Additionally, Macfarlane offered a brief overview of the company's financial state, noting that the land sales from the prior six-month period amounted to $24,798—over $4,000 more than the same period from a year earlier. Despite this moderate success, Macfarlane bemoaned that "the sales for the last three months are disappointingly small amounting to only some $3,000," an occurrence he deemed symptomatic of a "general stagnation of business in the state." The letter reflected the differing and often opposing viewpoints of Sanford and his fellow board members as well as the limited financial successes of the company in the mid-to-late 1880s. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, February 3, 1885: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.10, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.10, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. References "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3400" target="_blank">Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to F. R. Shelton (January 21, 1885)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3400. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, February 3, 1885. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Berlin, Germany Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1885-02-03 Format application/pdf Extent 269 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars board of directors debt finance FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment land sale Macfarlane, A. W. real estate Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9843b6419ada0d61bfb64e9dc2b2b81b.pdf 3d0b02a247e307cc79ceeaba0b7f3f56 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (February 21, 1885) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (February 21, 1885) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated February 21, 1885. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane relayed reports to Sanford sent by the FLCC's local agent in Florida, E. R. Trafford. At the time, Sanford was staying in the German capital of Berlin, presumably due to his participation in the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 regarding European trade and colonization in Africa. Macfarlane conveyed the small amount of sales achieved in recent months $1980 for the month of December 1884 and only $434.80 for the entire month of January. He noted that the company's agent believed that the fall in company sales was due in part to a general slowing of business, noting that "[e]everything throughout not only the state but the country is dull." The agent also blamed the "New Orleans Exposition [that] seems to have taken the visitors from Florida this winter." The agent was referencing the World's Fair of 1884-1885, based in New Orleans, Louisiana. The report relayed by Macfarlane reflected the challenges of turning a profit from the company's Florida investments. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, February 21, 1885: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.11, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.11, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, February 21, 1885. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Berlin, Germany Sanford, Florida Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1885-02-21 Format application/pdf Extent 224 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Africa agent Austin Friars Berlin Conference Berlin, Germany colonialism colonization FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment Macfarlane, A. W. New Orleans Exposition sale Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton trade Trafford, E. R. World's Fair of 1884-1885 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9dec8a127efe852cb7ce3034a08b9a50.jpg 27ec4cce9a495d591bb1091526a04270 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (May 12, 1885) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (May 12, 1885) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated May 12, 1885. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. Based on this letter, it appears that Sanford had previously proposed the construction of a tramway light railway within the company's property in Florida. Macfarlane informed Sanford that the matter had not yet been discussed among board members and that the subject would be discussed at a later date. Macfarlane added that the previous meeting had been dedicated to the reviewing of company accounts. Subsequent correspondence from Macfarlane, resumed in September 1885, did not make further reference to the proposed tramway and it is unclear if the idea was ever pursued. However, based on the strained relationship between Sanford and the other company board members, as well as their general mistrust of Sanford's business proposals, it is possible that the board purposefully delayed discussing the matter with the intent of preventing it from materializing. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, May 12, 1885: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.12, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.12, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, May 12, 1885. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Brussels, Belgium Florida Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1885-05-12 Format image/jpg Extent 118 KB Medium 1-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars board of directors construction finance FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment light railway Macfarlane, A. W. railroad Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton tramway https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/72072818d87fd39cd917c308b92b14d9.pdf 76d5129ccf7510959bc8051004d607aa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter and statement Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter and Statement from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (September 29, 1885) Alternative Title Letter and Statement from Macfarlane to Sanford (September 29, 1885) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated September 29, 1885. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. Attached to this letter is a statement listing the various acreage and book values of the company's property in Florida. The statement noted that as of September 1885 the company owned some 79,632.72 acres valued collectively at £84,262.12. At the time, the company owned land scattered throughout Florida in Alachua, Brevard, Hernando, Hillsboro, Manatee, Marion, Monroe, Orange, Polk, Sumter, and Volusia counties. It also owned settlements named Middleground and Anclote. Lastly, the company owned large tracts of land, including the Powell Grant and Sanford Grant, as well as the entire town of Sanford. At the time, the largest single property was the Sanford Grant at 7,813.42 acres. The county with the most scattered land held by the company was Polk County at 21,661.84 acres. The county with the smallest amount of land owned by the company was Volusia County, with only 79.91 acres. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter and statement from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, September 29, 1885: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.13, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.13, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter and statement from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, September 29, 1885. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Brussels, Belgium Alachua County, Florida Brevard County, Florida Hernando County, Florida Hillsborough County, Florida Manatee County, Florida Marion County, Florida Monroe County, Florida Orange County, Florida Polk County, Florida Sumter County, Florida Volusia County, Florida Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1885-09-29 Format application/pdf Extent 242 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter and statement Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Alachua County Austin Friars Brevard County FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company Hernando County Hillsborough County investment Macfarlane, A. W. Manatee County Marion County Middleground, Anclote Monroe County orange county Polk County Powell Grant property real estate Sanford Sanford Grant Sanford, Henry Shelton Sumter County Volusia County https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/92b3f518c9e2c3fa90e0e4d668d8f096.pdf d7d84dff4819c4ee80661ee5cd001cee Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter and statement Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter and Statement from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (October 2, 1885) Alternative Title Letter and Statement from Macfarlane to Sanford (October 2, 1885) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated October 2, 1885. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. Attached to this letter was a small table listing the monetary amount of the company's total sales, property accounts, town improvements, as well as a listing of profit and loss for the years from 1881 to 1885. Macfarlane noted that the company's earnings from sales were appropriated, applying credit to the property accounts to cover the cost of sale as well as an additional quarter of the profit. The remaining balance was then distributed to the shareholders as dividends. Based on the chart, it appears that between 1881 and 1885 the company earned £51,492, of which £28,214 was distributed to shareholders in the form of dividends. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter and statement from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, October 2, 1885: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.14, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.14, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter and statement from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, October 2, 1885. Coverage London, United Kingdom Gingelom, Belgium Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1885-10-02 Format application/pdf Extent 270 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter and statement Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars dividend finance FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment Macfarlane, A. W. profit property sale Sanford, Henry Shelton shareholder https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/eb5277aeb0de673566d6e0785c9716f3.pdf 334ef562b9bd876060d2680e4b4b2ac7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (November 16, 1886) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (November 16, 1886) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated November 16, 1886. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane discussed several changing circumstances related to the company. First, he acknowledged that Henry Sanford would travel to America in order "to supervise the Company's affairs in Florida." This development was the result of several years of meager profits deemed "too small a scale to cover expenses [and] interest." As Macfarlane expressed to Sanford, "it is hoped that you may be able to infuse more life into the business." The letter also explained and justified the decision to name William Beardall as the successor to E. R. Trafford as the company's chief agent in Florida. Though Beardall "lacked some essentials for actively pushing sales," his lengthy tenure with the company and prior employment in Sir William MacKinnon's operations in East Africa had rendered him a "steady [and] trustworthy" employee in the eyes of the company. The letter reflected the company's ongoing challenges in finding steady and robust means of profit in its efforts to sell Florida land. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 16, 1886: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.15, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.15, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 16, 1886. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom New York City, New York Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1886-11-16 Format application/pdf Extent 318 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Africa agent Austin Friars Beardall, William East Africa FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment Macfarlane, A. W. MacKinnon, William real estate sale Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton Trafford, E. R. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/83c1db3ce4281d2aedca6c30165e85ce.jpg f75c60515a2c49808f331a60acafcd12 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (November 20, 1886) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (November 20, 1886) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated November 20, 1886. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. This letter concerned a request made previously by Sanford for a "stamped transfer form" meant for the transfer of shares and debentures. According to the letter, Macfarlane had included a set of stamps, which acted as an obligatory duty on the transfer of shares. The stamps, he noted, "can be affixed to a transfer deed after execution." It is unclear what shares or debentures Sanford intended to transfer. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 20, 1886: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.16, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.16, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 20, 1886. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1886-11-20 Format image/jpg Extent 124 KB Medium 1-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars debenture FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment Macfarlane, A. W. Sanford, Henry Shelton share stamp https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1823eda64885799f15c60c6cdfe6ee39.jpg fd9d35b610d89a56e3d7568e485c5b91 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 handwritten note Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Note from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford Alternative Title Note from Macfarlane to Sanford Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Description An undated note from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this note, Macfarlane promised to send to Henry Sanford a collection of reports and documents related to the company's Florida property. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original note from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.17, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.17, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original note from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford. Coverage London, England, United Kingdom Florida Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created ca. 1884-1886 Format image/jpg Extent 124 KB Medium 1 handwritten note Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment Macfarlane, A. W. property real estate Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/06d6646dd1070b844cb19d88da1e7d0a.pdf a385f9769e8be24ea6e3c2ee6746f3ef Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (December 9, 1886) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (December 9, 1886) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Sanford (Fla.) Polk County (Fla.) Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated December 9, 1886. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane acknowledged confirmation of an earlier telegram he sent to Henry Sanford. According to Macfarlane, the earlier telegram noted that William Beardall, the FLCC's local agent based in Sanford, Florida, was offered $40,000 for 2,600 acres and a township in Polk County. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, December 9, 1886: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.18, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.18, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. References "Letter from Henry Shelton Sanford to A. W. Macfarlane (November 23, 1886)." "Telegram from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (November 20, 1886)." Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, December 9, 1886. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Polk County, Florida Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1886-12-09 Format application/pdf Extent 224 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars Beardall, William FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company Macfarlane, A. W. Polk County real estate Sanford Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/eca5400fd4460046d0c05e1f298494d1.pdf 0a5afdb4f72e0db0c4141274f60f847b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford (December 15, 1886) Alternative Title Letter from Macfarlane to Sanford (December 15, 1886) Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Investments, British--United States Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Description A letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford dated December 16, 1886. Macfarlane was the secretary for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1884 until its dissolution in 1892. Presumably, he worked in the company's main office, located at 13 Austin Friars in the business district of London, United Kingdom. In this letter, Macfarlane acknowledged receipt and forwarding of newspaper clippings sent by Henry Sanford and intended for Sir William Mackinnon. Macfarlane also offered a brief update of various remittances for the company's loans. The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, December 15, 1886: box 54, folder 1, subfolder 54.1.19, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, folder 1, subfolder 1.19, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. References "Letter from Henry Shelton Sanford to A. W. Macfarlane (December 1, 1886)." Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from A. W. Macfarlane to Henry Shelton Sanford, December 15, 1886. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Creator Macfarlane, A. W. Date Created 1886-12-15 Format application/pdf Extent 250 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by A. W. Macfarlane. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5544058697" target="_blank">"The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Austin Friars FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investment loan Macfarlane, A. W. MacKinnon, William Manayunk Bank remittance Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f6bd6ac402e29406fba03d23085dbb93.pdf d72ebddac27f3325ba18d6ce72437150 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Woman's Club Celebrates Centennial Alternative Title Woman's Club Centennial Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Clubs--United States Description A newspaper article written by Erin Machaby and published by The Oviedo Voice in February of 2006. The article discusses the 75th anniversary celebration the Oviedo Woman's Club (OWC), held on February 10. OWC members were joined by members of the Florida Federation of Women's Clubs (FFWC), as well as a number of Oviedo City Council members. Pictured in the photographs, from left to right, are Mary Gregory, Susan Witty, and Glenne Stoner. The Oviedo Woman's Club was founded in 1906 as the Oviedo Magazine Club by seven charter members: H. B. McCall, Edith Meade, Georgia Lee Wheeler, Lillian Lee Lawton, Mattie Aulin Wheeler, Milcah Yonge, and Mary King. The first clubhouse was constructed in 1914 and also served as Oviedo's first library. In 1916, the club joined the FFWC and officially changed its name to the Oviedo Woman's Club. In 1923, the woman's club was federated under the umbrella of the General Federation of Woman's Clubs (GFWC). A new clubhouse was built in 1961 on property donated by R. L. Croom, a former member, which is located at 414 King Street. The Oviedo Woman's Club is involved in many civic projects, including the annual Great Day in the Country Arts and Crafts Festival, the Spring Fundraiser, Tasting Luncheons, and Celebrate Spring Teas. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Machaby, Erin. "Woman's Club Celebrates Centennial." The Oviedo Voice, Vol. XVI, No. 7, February 16-22, 2006: Private Collection of Beatrice Gestrich. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Machaby, Erin. "Woman's Club Celebrates Centennial." The Oviedo Voice, Vol. XVI, No. 7, February 16-22, 2006. Coverage Oviedo Woman's Club, Oviedo, Florida Creator Machaby, Erin Publisher The Oviedo Voice Contributor Lippincott, Nick <a href="http://www.oviedowomansclub.org/" target="_blank">Oviedo Woman's Club</a> Gestrich, Beatrice Date Created ca. 2006-02-16 Date Issued 2006-02-16 Date Copyrighted 2006-02-16 Format application/pdf Medium 1 newspaper article Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Erin Machaby and published by The Oviedo Voice. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by The Oviedo Voice and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Beatrice Gestrich External Reference "<a href="http://www.oviedowomansclub.org/our-community/our-history.html" target="_blank">Our History</a>." Oviedo Woman's Club. http://www.oviedowomansclub.org/our-community/our-history.html. centennial Charlyne Carruth civic club club council member Erin Machaby FFWC Florida Federation of Women's Clubs Glenne Stoner Great Day in the Country Jane Denning Jim Greer Jonne Sparrow Mary Gregory Most Outstanding Federated Woman's Club Nick Lippincott OFD OHS OPD Oviedo Oviedo City Council Oviedo Fire Department Oviedo High School Oviedo Police Department Oviedo Woman's Club OWC Philanthropic Committee Regina Beriswell Susan Witty The Oviedo Voice Woman's Club women https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1e26c18107c8afdcbc470fda99d0d07d.jpg c5f60f4008197610be970adcc717beb9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Dr. Calvin Fowler Collection Alternative Title Fowler Collection Subject Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (Fla.) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.) NASA John F. Kennedy Space Center Kennedy Space Center Description Collection of images, documents, and other archival items donated by Dr. Calvin "Cal" D. Fowler, who was the manager of Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 14 during the final three launches of Project Mercury. Contributor Fowler, Calvin "Cal" D. <a href="http://srealserver.eecs.ucf.edu/chronopoints/" target="_blank">Chronopoints</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/148" target="_blank">Florida Space Coast History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Cape Canaveral, Florida General Dynamics/Astronautics, Cocoa Beach, Florida John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida Patrick Air Force Base, Florida Covair/Astronautics, Mission Training Center, Port Canaveral, Florida U.S. Space Walk of Fame Museum, Titusville, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, Redstone Arsenal, Hunstville, Alabama Space Systems Division Headquarters, Air Force Systems Command, United States Air Force, El Segundo, California General Dynamics/Astronautics Factory, San Diego, California Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Texas Space Center Houston, Houston, Texas Fairchild Air Force Base, Washington Francis E. Warren Air Force Base, Wyoming Valley Forge, Pennsylvania Contributing Project <a href="http://virtualheritage.ist.ucf.edu/cchp/" target="_blank">Florida Space Coast History Project</a> Curator Michlowitz, Robert Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/history/mercury/mercury-overview.htm">Project Mercury Overview</a>." John F. Kennedy Space Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/history/mercury/mercury-overview.htm. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Smiling Schirra Gets Memento Key Alternative Title Smiling Schirra Gets Memento Key Subject National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.) NASA Project Mercury (U.S.) Astronauts--United States Schirra, Wally Schirra, Walter M. (Walter Marty), 1923-2007 Description A newspaper article about Dr. Cal Fowler (1929-2013) presenting an engraved launch key to astronaut Wally Schirra (1923-2007) Dr. Fowler, the Launch Conductor at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS)'s Launch Complex 14 (LC-14) in Cape Canaveral, Florida, used the key to launch Schirra's spacecraft, Sigma 7, into orbit on October 3, 1962. Mercury-Atlas 8 (MA-8) was the fifth manned space mission and was launched as part of Project Mercury. General Dynamics Astronautics, the firm which conducted the launch, had the key gold-plated and engraved with the following message: "Wally Schirra (1923-2007), MA-8 Orbital Launch, 10-3-62 7:15 a.m." The opposite side of the key stated: "Atlas, Launch Console Arming Key, Mercury Sigma 7, General Dynamics Astronautics." Dr. Fowler and General Dynamics site manager B. G. MacNabb appear in the photograph to the left and Schirra appears in the right photograph. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Mack, Walt. "Smiling Schirra Gets Memento Key." The Brevard-Sentinel, 1963: Private Collection of Dr. Calvin D. Fowler. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/149" target="_blank">Dr. Calvin Fowler Collection</a>, Florida Space Coast History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Mack, Walt. "Smiling Schirra Gets Memento Key." The Brevard-Sentinel, 1963. Coverage Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 14, Cape Canaveral, Florida Creator Mack, Walt Publisher The Brevard-Sentinel Contributor Fowler, Calvin "Cal" D. <a href="http://srealserver.eecs.ucf.edu/chronopoints/" target="_blank">Chronopoints</a> Date Created ca. 1963-10 Date Issued ca. 1963-10 Date Copyrighted ca. 1963-10 Format image/jpg Extent 123 KB Medium 1 newspaper article Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Walt Mack and published by The Brevard-Sentinel. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Dr. Calvin D. Fowler and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://virtualheritage.ist.ucf.edu/cchp/" target="_blank">Florida Space Coast History Project</a> Curator Michlowitz, Robert Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-052A">Mercury Atlas 8</a>." National Space Science Data Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1962-052A. Astronaut Group 1 astronauts B. G. McNabb Cal Fowler Calvin D. Fowler Mercury 7 Mercury Seven NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration Original Seven Project Mercury Sigma 7 space The Brevard-Sentinel Wally Schirra Walt Mack Walter Marty Schirra, Jr. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0d6af5bff323c9037a711764db8d0d8f.pdf 39fee7e208c9f44388bfc5c37c0613db Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (March 29, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (March 29, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated March 29, 1879. The letter referenced the early stages of a scheme to acquire four Indian elephants. The elephants in question were part of a strategy meant to aid the transportation of a Belgian team tasked with exploring East Africa on behalf of King Leopold II of Belgium (1835-1909). The elephants were bought by the Belgian king and shipped from British India. In this letter, MacKinnon introduced Sanford to a man named Carter. In MacKinnon's words, Carter was considered a "suitable person to accompany the exploration party" to Africa. MacKinnon noted that Carter met with the King Leopold in Brussels prior to meeting Sanford, adding that the King "approved of this arrangement." In the letter, MacKinnon asked Sanford to introduce Carter to "Baron Strauch." He was presumably referring to Colonel Maximilien Strauch, the president of the Committee for the Study of the Upper Congo, an organization later replaced by the International Association of the Congo on November 17, 1879. MacKinnon was pleased to add that the exploration would depart on April 17, 1880 from London on a steamer owned by MacKinnon's company, the British-India Steam Navigation Company. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, March 29, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.1, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, March 29, 1879. Coverage London, England, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-03-29 Format application/pdf Extent 415 KB Medium 4-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Transcript Glasgow Nov. 6, 1879 My dear Mr. Sanford Your two notes addressed to me at Balinakill have followed me here and I write a line to say that I leave [?] tomorrow morning at 10 of and expect [?] to arrive in London at 8 pm and to get to the Burlington Hotel where I hope to see you about 8.30. I am sorry I shall be a day later than formerly [?] to you. With kindest regards Yours very sincerely, W. MacKinnon British India Steam Navigation Company Burlington Hotel Carter East Africa expeditions exploration Indian elephants King Leopold II Leopold II of Belgium MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton Strauch, Maximilien https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7d27b15d7e6565fbd6e07c792eed5ef6.pdf 027b710d21ba1989e642ff1c23c8863d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 3-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (April 10, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (April 10, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description Letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated April 10, 1879. The letter referenced the early stages of a scheme to acquire four Indian elephants. The elephants in question were part of a strategy meant to aid the transportation of a Belgian team tasked with exploring East Africa on behalf of King Leopold II of Belgium (1835-1909). The elephants were bought by the Belgian king and shipped from British India. MacKinnon included the text of a telegram sent from Colonel Maximilien Strauch, a close advisor of King Leopold. The letter to Sanford discussed the possibility of a meeting with Col. Strauch regarding the "elephant question." Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, April 10, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, April 10, 1879. Coverage Paris, France Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-04-10 Format application/pdf Extent 275 KB Medium 3-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. British India British India Steam Navigation Company Hotel Continental Indian elephants King Leopold II Leopold II of Belgium MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton Strauch, Maximilien https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/42e81f79797b90a0d59c8f8778bdf3cb.pdf 052c331910f083935c817508e7bd8698 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 3-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (April 12, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (April 12, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated April 12, 1879. The letter referenced the early stages of a scheme to acquire four Indian elephants. The elephants in question were part of a strategy meant to aid the transportation of a Belgian team tasked with exploring East Africa on behalf of King Leopold II of Belgium (1835-1909). The elephants were bought by the Belgian king and shipped from British India. MacKinnon discussed in detail the various factors concerning the elephants, ranging from transportation from India to required nourishment once in Africa. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, April 12, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.3, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, April 12, 1879. Coverage Paris, France Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-04-12 Format application/pdf Extent 319 KB Medium 3-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. British India British India Steam Navigation Company King Leopold II Leopold II of Belgium MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton Strauch, Maximilien https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/80a02b707faae3d138ac4ee87c6c57ca.pdf 9f79ae537bcd37bd53d825e607b02f44 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 7-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (April 14, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (April 14, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description Letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated April 14, 1879. The letter primary discussed various legal and economic matters concerning the Committee for the Study of the Upper Congo, an organization later replaced by the International Association of the Congo on November 17, 1879. In particular, MacKinnon considered the possibility of the new association being a "limited liability" entity. MacKinnon also discussed a scheme to acquire four Indian elephants. The elephants in question were part of a strategy meant to aid the transportation of a Belgian team tasked with exploring East Africa on behalf of King Leopold II of Belgium. The elephants were bought by the Belgian king and shipped from British India. Noting with some urgency, MacKinnon declared that if the elephants "are not got now I fear they would not come in for use by the present expedition." The letter closes with light references to the health of King Leopold and to the weather. One final remark served to intentionally stress MacKinnon's sentiments for the Belgian king. Noting King Leopold's "African schemes," MacKinnon emphasized to say, "I only wish I could do a very great deal more to show him how thoroughly I symphathise in the sentiments which prompt him to express so warmly the cause of poor down trodden Africa." Ultimately, the sentiments and actions described by MacKinnon and undertaken by King Leopold amounted to harsh colonization and exploitation of Central Africa cloaked under the guise of humanitarian aid. MacKinnon's self-conscious statements of flattery about the Belgian king relayed to Sanford reflects Sanford's central place amid the King's inner circle in Brussels. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, April 14, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.4, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, April 14, 1879. Coverage Paris, France Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-04-14 Format application/pdf Extent 706 KB Medium 7-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Belgium British India British India Steam Navigation Company Committee for the Study of the Upper Congo expeditions exploration Indian elephants King Leopold II Leopold II of Belgium limited liability MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1549a41d363b0336c29874bc90f16ab7.pdf 520b3c0199b6cfb1388e39be8b94c2e9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (April 22, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (April 22, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated April 22, 1879. The brief letter served to inform Sanford that MacKinnon had received a telegram from Calcutta in British India noting that the elephants had been arranged for travel on a specified carrier. The elephants in question were part of a scheme meant to aid the transportation of a Belgian team tasked with exploring East Africa on behalf of King Leopold II of Belgium (1835-1909). The elephants were bought by the Belgian king and shipped from British India. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, April 22, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.5, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, April 22, 1879. Coverage London, England, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-04-22 Format application/pdf Extent 188 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Belgium British India British India Steam Navigation Company Calcutta, India exploration Indian elephants King Leopold II Leopold II of Belgium MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e4bbc6eae4d7aa7104f8544ce526ecb1.pdf 981296dc4542fb32f3d962e0e620e818 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 3-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (June 9, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (June 9, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated June 9, 1879. The letter indicated MacKinnon's upcoming travel plans and his interest in speaking with Sanford in greater detail about an unspecified matter. He also provided an update on the acquisition and transportation of four elephants to East Africa. The elephants were meant to aid a Belgian team tasked with exploring East Africa on behalf of King Leopold II of Belgium. The elephants were bought by the Belgian king and shipped from British India. In the letter, MacKinnon noted that he had received a telegram "from Aden" informing him of the safe arrival and landing of the elephants. Aden is a seaport in present-day Yemen. At the time, it was controlled by Britain and administered as part of British India. It was of roughly equal distance between Mumbai, Zanzibar, and the Suez Canal, all of which were important destinations of British shipping routes. MacKinnon added in the letter that he had not heard whether the elephants had subsequently landed safely in Zanzibar, although the carrier had since returned to Aden from its voyage. MacKinnon noted that his "part of the work connected with this experiment is now completed successfully," adding his support for the future success of the expedition. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, June 9, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.6, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, June 9, 1879. Coverage London, England, United Kingdom Aden, Yemen Zanzibar, Tanzania Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-06-09 Format application/pdf Extent 263 KB Medium 3-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Aden, Yemen expeditions Indian elephants MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton shipping Zanzibar, Tanzania https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ad29fb07c12adf07acf5f621853932ff.pdf 9a94daa1527f5ef5726eee25cb43de71 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 3-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (June 14, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (June 14, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated June 14, 1879. The letter, written from Dover, England, served to inform Sanford of MacKinnon's plans to travel to Brussels, Belgium via ferry. MacKinnon expressed the hope that the two would be able to speak in person about various topics. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, June 14, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.7, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, June 14, 1879. Coverage Dover, England, United Kingdom Brussels, Belgium Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-06-14 Format application/pdf Extent 299 KB Medium 3-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Brussels, Belgium ferries ferry King Leopold II MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a874abe12998f3bb78a481d81944d632.pdf 25c118e726f7c12424907d717e63c2cf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 handwritten telegram Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Telegram from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (June 16, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (June 16, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A telegram from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated June 16, 1879. The telegram informed Sanford that MacKinnon had left for Brussels, Belgium and was "just starting via Calais" in France. The telegram also made reference to the successful arrival of four elephants. The elephants in question were meant to aid a Belgian team tasked with exploring East Africa on behalf of King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium. The elephants were bought by the Belgian king and shipped from British India. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original telegram from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, June 16, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.8, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original telegram from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, June 16, 1879. Coverage Dover, England, United Kingdom Brussels, Belgium Calais, France Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-06-16 Format application/pdf Extent 217 KB Medium 1 handwritten telegram Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Calais, France East Africa Indian elephants King Leopold II MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/bed5e3c73be7ed1d159519417d8763be.pdf 4e9c33e75e61fcdd2a154566855e6a20 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 7-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (June 26, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (June 26, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated June 26, 1879. The letter discussed the early developments of the Belgian expedition of East Africa and the usage of four Indian elephants. The elephants in question were meant to aid a Belgian team tasked with exploring East Africa on behalf of King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium. The elephants were bought by the Belgian king and shipped from British India. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, June 26, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.9, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, June 26, 1879. Coverage Hombourg, Belgium Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-06-26 Format application/pdf Extent 764 KB Medium 7-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. British India British India Steam Navigation Company East Africa expeditions Indian elephants MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton Stanley, Henry Morgan https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fa39fe1d770d5b4f0caaeeec36d3cd8c.pdf ae04f1270a24fd57f10ce9fd2619a6d7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4 page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (July 1, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (July 1, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated July 1, 1879. The letter discussed updates regarding a Belgian expedition in East Africa as well as MacKinnon's vacation in Germany and his upcoming return through Brussels, Belgium. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, July 1, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.10, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, July 1, 1879. Coverage Hombourg, Belgium Bonn, Germany Bubrich, Germany Brussels, Belgium Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-07-01 Format application/pdf Extent 420 KB Medium 4-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Brussels, Belgium expeditions Germany King Leopold II MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton Stanley, Henry Morgan Strauch, Maximlien https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4b2a19af54b085a384e1c64b7cc30103.pdf 4bc891e282cb0fb8010128f2fe94043d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 8-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (July 29, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (July 29, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated July 29, 1879. The letter began with a long apology from MacKinnon regarding the length of time it took for him to respond to an earlier letter from Sanford. He proceeded to discuss several personal matters, including his intent to attend a friend's funeral. More importantly, the letter marked MacKinnon's initial response to Sanford's proposal regarding a land investment company in Florida, what would become the Florida Land and Colonization Company. MacKinnon noted that he agreed with all of Sanford's thoughts on the matter, but added cautiously, "I don't know that I can assist you very much in getting the thing into a practical shape or in carrying it out in the way you indicate, but I need hardly say that it will give me much pleasure if I can even help you a little." MacKinnon proceeded to give advice to Sanford on how to proceed, adding that once Sanford had a solid proposal, he would be willing to show it to some friends with the hopes of "getting a small private association to take it up of to take up a portion of it." Perhaps most importantly was MacKinnon's commitment to invest money of his own to the scheme. "I shall be willing to invest some money into it myself," he wrote, "not because I have any desire to go into any new thing or get a better return for my money, but because I should like to assist if I can in promoting a scheme which I believe has in it the elements of commercial success and one in which my help may be useful to you." The willingness of MacKinnon to help, despite no interest in profiting from the venture, demonstrates his interest in using Sanford's Florida scheme to ensure reciprocal advantages in other domains. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, July 29, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.12, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, July 29, 1879. Coverage Balinakill Country House, Clachan, Scotland, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-07-29 Format application/pdf Extent 929 KB Medium 8-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investments land development MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton Strauch, Maximilien https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c2e31b9b9fddaa9d4239fca420eaeafe.pdf 2b2ce2ca6d0ee7b7bd102fca9eeb171f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (September 9, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (September 9, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated September 9, 1879. In the letter, MacKinnon discussed some updates about an expedition in East Africa, noting that he had received some additional mail from Zanzibar regarding the matter. MacKinnon acknowledged that he had received several notes from Sanford, but that he intended to postpone his reply until receiving "the printed document about the Florida land scheme." The land scheme that he referred to was what would become the Florida Land and Colonization Company. MacKinnon also asked Sanford if he would be able to read some forwarded letters to the King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium. This letter reveals the mutual reliance between MacKinnon and Sanford; MacKinnon was Sanford's most obvious choice for help with his real estate ambitions in Florida while Sanford afforded MacKinnon access to the Belgian king. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, September 9, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.13, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, September 9, 1879. Coverage Balinakill Country House, Clachan, Scotland, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-09-09 Format application/pdf Extent 479 KB Medium 4-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Belgium East Africa FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investments King Leopold II land development MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton Zanzibar, Tanzania https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2c6a00c0ccc300f9fce74d27ba3152b6.pdf 5d2989c8f7348dde778044b6a503366b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (October 10, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (October 10, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated October 10, 1879. The letter was written from MacKinnon's private manor, Balinakill, located in Scotland. It included discussion of MacKinnon's travel plans to Brussels, Belgium. It also mentioned developments related to an exploratory expedition in East Africa, particularly in regard to the expedition's usage of elephants to facilitate travel. The elephants in question were meant to aid a Belgian team tasked with exploring East Africa on behalf of King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium. The elephants were bought by the Belgian king and shipped from British India. MacKinnon also made the esoteric remark to Sanford: "I am with you in all your views." This reference may have been in regards to Sanford's business plans in Florida. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, October 10, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.14, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, October 10, 1879. Coverage Balinakill Country House, Clachan, Scotland, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-10-10 Format application/pdf Extent 464 KB Medium 4-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. British India Brussels, Belgium East Africa expeditions Indian elephants MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3c326999ffd04030827a69487d68f1c0.pdf cbcfe7239957baa8160670b541fee9fb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (October 19, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (October 19, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated October 19, 1879. The letter was written from MacKinnon's private manner, Balinakill, located in Scotland. This brief letter served to acknowledge receipt of a letter written by Sanford several days earlier. MacKinnon expressed interest in meeting with Sanford in London, England, asking when Sanford intended to travel to both Florida and London. He noted that he wanted to meet with Sanford in order to discuss at length a number of different topics, adding, "I shall be happy to do all I can to help you with your Florida scheme." The "Florida scheme" referred to what would become the Florida Land and Colonization Company. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, October 19, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.15, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, October 19, 1879. Coverage Balinakill Country House, Clachan, Scotland, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-10-19 Format application/pdf Extent 469 KB Medium 4-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investments land development MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/79315a827ccac8be2bee43f41add5e83.pdf 131dd15ce692d91aa78ccdbf6ee6c437 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 8-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (October 28, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (October 28, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated October 28, 1879. The letter was written from MacKinnon's private manner, Balinakill in Clachan, Scotland. In it, MacKinnon acknowledged receipt of a letter previously sent by Sanford. He also informed Sanford of a plan under negotiation at the time to unite the Portuguese colony of Delagoa Bay, which was located off the coast of present-day Mozambique, and the Transvaal Colony of the British Empire, in present-day South Africa, by railway. Later in the letter, MacKinnon referenced Sanford's "Florida scheme," what would later become the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC). MacKinnon also estimated what type of financial capital would be necessary to form the company. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company, going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, October 28, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.16, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, October 28, 1879. Coverage Balinakill House, Clachan, Scotland, United Kingdom Delagoa Bay Colony Transvaal Colony Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-10-28 Format application/pdf Extent 841 KB Medium 8-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Delagoa Bay Delagoa Bay Colony FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company MacKinnon, William railroads Sanford, Henry Shelton Transvaal Colony https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/93b70ac89b78988bffe3b08f2564be9d.pdf ddc0ca7243c934b95285def52848cf40 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (November 1, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (November 1, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated November 1, 1879. In the letter, MacKinnon acknowledged receipt of Sanford's letter dated October 29. He also commented on the inclusion of newspaper clippings related to tea cultivation in the United States sent by Sanford, noting that he intended to watch the industry closely, adding that "America seems to grow everything all the world wants." MacKinnon also noted that he had sent William Beardall, a future agent for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) in Sanford, Florida, to Africa to join a Belgian exploratory mission initiated by King Leopold II of Belgium (1835-1909). MacKinnon also wanted to know when Sanford would be in London, presumably with the hope that the two could discuss, among other matters, Sanford's "Florida scheme," what would become the Florida Land and Colonization Company. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company, going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 1, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.17, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 1, 1879. Coverage Balinakill House, Clachan, Scotland, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-11-01 Format application/pdf Extent 430 KB Medium 4-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Beardall, William expeditions exploration explorers FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company Leopold II MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton tea https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/16dc3b6ec139536c2839bf54dc3331d3.jpg 1159d7f20a7b49a6ce17545bc9573634 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (November 6, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (November 6, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated November 6, 1879. The letter was a brief note informing Sanford that he would reach London, England, later than anticipated in earlier correspondence. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 6, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.18, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 6, 1879. Coverage Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-11-06 Format image/jpg Extent 110 KB Medium 1-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Transcript Glasgow Nov. 6, 1879 My dear Mr. Sanford Your two notes addressed to me at Balinakill have followed me here and I write a line to say that I leave [?] tomorrow morning at 10 of and expect [?] to arrive in London at 8 pm and to get to the Burlington Hotel where I hope to see you about 8.30. I am sorry I shall be a day later than formerly [?] to you. With kindest regards Yours very sincerely, W. MacKinnon MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Sanford, Henry Shelton https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6e57a481e51e0feeacb735b920598873.pdf d73144e4757737ffc21f214facddb88e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 2-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (November 21, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (November 21, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated November 21, 1879. The letter was a brief note informing Sanford of his travel plans, which included going to Brussels, Belgium, via ferry from Dover, England. MacKinnon hoped to meet with Sanford in Brussels. He also informed Sanford that he was scheduled to meet with King Leopold II of Belgium (1835-1909). Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to Leopold II and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 21, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.19, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 21, 1879. Coverage London, England, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-11-21 Format application/pdf Extent 202 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Transcript 30 Old Burlington St. London Nov., 21, 1879 Dear Mr. Sanford Thanks for your telegram and note. I shall do my best with [?] and one or two others. I am so glad that you will be able to be in Brussels when I am there. The King has fixed Tuesday, and Strauch [?] me to let him know [?] [?] I came by and the [?] of arrival. I propose [?] to go to Dover on Monday evening sleep there and cross to Calais on Tuesday morning. There on to Brussels arriving at the South Station at 4:55. Shall you arrive before me or at same time? [?] [?] many kind [?] for Mrs. Sanford/ if there with you [?] and yourself. Believe me Very truly yours, W. MacKinnon Brussels, Belgium Dover, England Leopold II MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton Strauch, Maximilien https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/52bff05b71d65e4c510241bd457d4ee1.pdf 5756d1ec6bc3c18e630164913f9da7fa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 handwritten telegram Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Telegram from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (November 29, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (November 29, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A telegram from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated June 16, 1879. The telegram indicated to Sanford the price of telegraphs obtainable from Aden, a seaport in present-day Yemen that was controlled by Britain and administered as part of British India during the period. It was of roughly equal distance between Mumbai, Zanzibar, and the Suez Canal, all of which were important destinations of British shipping routes. Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original telegram from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, June 16, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.20, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original telegram from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, June 16, 1879. Coverage Brussels, Belgium London, England, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-11-29 Format application/pdf Extent 270 KB Medium 1 handwritten telegram Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Transcript INIDICATIONS DE SERVICE: ADMINISTRATION DES POSTES ET TÉLÉGRAPHES TÉLÉGRAMME BUREAU D’ARRIVÉE: [Stamped] Bruxelles Ministere 29 Nov. [18]79 Déposé à Londres Le 29/11 a 2:06s No 1770 Aden télégraphes obtainable within one month price between twenty twenty five dollars télégraph your opinion MacKinnon Reçu à 2h09s Le Télégraphiste, [?] Sanford Brussels Aden, Yemen British India Steam Navigation Company MacKinnon, William Sanford, Henry Shelton telegraphs https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9ae836c555f321f582aa92f1b61016ee.pdf bb4e7aff33ca029ee042a09e8e090528 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford (December 1, 1879) Alternative Title MacKinnon to Sanford (December 1, 1879) Subject MacKinnon, William, 1823-1893 Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Description A letter from Sir William MacKinnon (1823-1893) to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) dated December 1, 1879. In the letter, MacKinnon noted that he looked forward to meeting with Sanford for dinner in London, England, upon Sanford's arrival. MacKinnon noted that the main reason for writing was to encourage Sanford to have "little syndicate scheme ready," presumably referencing Sanford's plan to for a Florida land investment company. MacKinnon, lending his business acumen to Sanford, encouraged him to have prepared the price necessary to launch the scheme. He believed that £20,000 would be an adequate starting amount to distribute in shares. He also encouraged Sanford to indicate to prospective investors the prospect of modest returns and also how the company would intend to invest in new land purchases. MacKinnon was presumably encouraging Sanford to consider these aspects of the business in order to persuasively court investors during Sanford's visit to London. The scheme MacKinnon discussed in the letter would ultimately become the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC). Sir William MacKinnon was a Scottish ship-owner and businessman who established significant trade networks and commercial interests in British India and later in East Africa. Among other business ventures, he founded the British India Steam Navigation Company and the short-lived Imperial British East Africa Company. During his lifetime, he was one of the leading ship-owners in the British Empire. By the 1880s, he controlled more shipping tonnage than any other individual in Britain. MacKinnon met Henry Shelton Sanford sometime in the late 1870s and the two began corresponding regularly in 1879. MacKinnon's interest in Sanford stemmed from the former American ambassador's close proximity to King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium and the Brussels inner-circle of businessmen, politicians, and diplomats. Sanford, living in a château in Brussels, provided a valuable lifeline for MacKinnon, who sought Belgian business connections to support his expanding commercial ventures, particularly in East Africa. He was a vital factor in the formation of the Florida Land and Colonization Company, going so far as to lend Sanford £8,000 in early January 1880. He also played an essential role in helping Sanford court early participants in the investment plan. Many of the board members of the FLCC, like Edwyn Sandys Dawes (1838-1903), were close associates of MacKinnon. With his business ventures strongly tied to British and Belgian development schemes in Africa, MacKinnon had no ostensible interest in Florida land investment. His participation in Sanford's Florida ambitions was thus directly linked to his interest in maintaining strong relations with Sanford and his valuable connections in Belgium. Type Text Source Original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, December 1, 1879: box 127, folder 2, subfolder 127.2.21, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 127, folder 2, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William MacKinnon to Henry Shelton Sanford, December 1, 1879. Coverage London, England, United Kingdom Creator MacKinnon, William Date Created 1879-12-01 Format application/pdf Extent 351 KB Medium 4-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William MacKinnon. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Hochschild, Adam. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39042794" target="_blank">King Leopold’s Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa</a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Munro, J. Forbes. “"<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/772540825" target="_blank">Shipping Subsidies and Railway Guarantees</a>" The Journal of African History 28, no. 2 (1987): 209-230. Boulger, Demetrius Charles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2129362">The Congo State or, the Growth of Civilization in Central Africa</a>. London: Thacker, 1898. Transcript 30 Old Burlington St. London Dec. 1, 1879 Dear Mr. Sanford Just a line to acknowledge and thank you for your telegram and letter. I wired you today that I expect to have the pleasure of seeing you at dinner here on Wednesday evening at 7.45. [?] [?] and I may [?] [?]. If you arrive tomorrow night you won’t get their note but in chance I write to ask you to have your little syndicate scheme ready. Mention the price at which you propose to [?]. The property you sell and indicate that £20 thousand in cash will be an [?] balance in shares and if your figures can show a land scheme at the price you name, you might [?] [?] you will guarantee a moderate return for a [?] [?] of yours in the purchase price of your property. Note too how much you at proposal suggest to be [?] into new purchases of [?] land and we can have a memo for signatures by those who take an interest. About [?] [?] where we meet In haste Very sincerely yours, W. MacKinnon FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company investments land development MacKinnon, William real estate Sanford, Henry Shelton