21 100 5102 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a07044a2d477ad58133cfea42ed05b11.JPG a6391c4bb5f323af8f7d54f1b1688351 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/42b5bc14fffe70cb65cc71922e4c8254.JPG 0ac02dc83092358661ae557d86834e22 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/337fa36aaab61949d93193f693a74301.JPG 16fef4b4bc1f902fd60c4d9932255897 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b384ae7a2ba2169ecb0017a867f9ab77.JPG 759b518d5649332b13d29a5e967da8fb https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4b372a08638ed670757f32fd530ec105.JPG 295fcac86d4b72f253fd2bc589f40323 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/98644678b3b6f80656f413e3f0312861.JPG 194ce3367b67de8923bc618b769c4291 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5b5200220dc7b4a1e4db7e021a5b1e75.JPG 13e01cd6863298369148053a58867277 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e86610c24989c02cead2317e6ae24a23.JPG b3b28707568011a56efb33b78759a5ed https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a2e1047c6747dd349108b7cc34f2546e.JPG f2c988a3a64e4afef7b4c1d4c08e1be4 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ee94fa6b9a217c6c444b14fe139938bb.JPG 15692a938e97906c5d7e22e0cac8c778 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/48fe26b157becc9727864bb3414cc2e6.JPG b754e90effc0c88ecae2003d920379fa https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/cf909d4097ff0885d5e83dacddd79aec.JPG 2a06a2ed2d00d7f9674fe011df9dfcbd https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d9e13899ef92178991f0dd2f125d2315.JPG 3767dc7678f5c0fa3e4a63ff294411dc https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/33fdf8aa9b6b9045b53d56544c714bb7.JPG 94dd19f38ed5604d25e753bb0a9bca90 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/57a5d77d8555d496eabe3a5b8e5252b0.JPG 6c96542b869aa49619b7f8b8aa6726ab Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lake Wales Collection Alternative Title Lake Wales Collection Subject Lake Wales (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Lake Wales, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The land around present-day Lake Wales was first surveyed by Sidney Irving Wailes in 1879. Wailes changed the name of the area's major lake, then called Watts Lake, to Lake Wailes. The area was used by settlers for the turpentine, lumber, grapefruit, and orange industries. Around 1911-1912, the City of Lake Wales was established by the Lake Wales Land Company. The town was officially incorporated in 1917 and the City of Lake Wales was granted a municipal charter in 1921. In 1925, the Atlantic Coast Line (ACL) Railroad Company constructed a railroad line joining Haines City to Everglades City, with a depot located in Lake Wales. Contributor Moore, R. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/48" target="_blank">Polk County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Lake Wales, Florida Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cityoflakewales.com/" target="_blank">About Lake Wales</a>." City of Lake Wales. http://www.cityoflakewales.com/. Privett, Jan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/639158785" target="_blank">Lake Wales</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2010. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Bok Tower Gardens Alternative Title Bok Tower Gardens Subject Lake Wales (Fla.) Gardens--United States Tourism--Florida Description Bok Tower Gardens, located at 1151 Tower Boulevard in Lake Wales, Florida. These images were taken by Russell Moore in 2010. Edward Bok (1863-1930) retired to the town of Lake Wales, located south of Orlando. Bok set out a plan to establish a natural garden and bird sanctuary where people to visit to quietly enjoy nature. He engaged Frederick Law Olmstead, Jr. (1870-1957) to design the grounds and asked architect Milton Bennett Medary (1874-1929) to design and build a carillon tower. Lee Lawrie (1877-1963), a noted sculptor from New York, designed the elaborate marble sculpture that adorns the tower. Work was completed in 1928 and on February 1, 1929, President Calvin Coolidge dedicated the Sanctuary. Bok died less than a year later in 1930 and was buried at the foot of the tower. The tower and the carillon housed inside is Bok Tower Gardens' most distinctive feature. The carillon consists of 60 bells, ranging in size from 16 pounds to just under 12 tons. The bells are played like an organ with the keys connected to the clappers of each bell. Bok Tower has had only three regular carillonneurs in its more than 70 years. The Sanctuary's first carillonneur was Anton Brees, serving as the only carillonneur from 1928 until 1967. Milford Myhre has been the resident carillonneur since 1968. William De Turk has been the assistant carillonneur since 1993. De Turk is also the librarian of the Anton Brees Carillon Library, which is reportedly the largest and most comprehensive carillon library in the world. Type Still Image Source Original color digital images by Russell Moore, March 7, 2010: Private Collection of Russell Moore. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/146" target="_blank">Lake Wales Collection</a>, Polk County Collection. RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida Creator Moore, Russell Date Created 2010-03-07 Format image/jpg Extent 2.99 MB 3.33 MB 1.55 MB 1.73 MB 2.34 MB 2.7 MB 2.49 MB 3.04 MB 1.78 MB 1.67 MB 1.48 MB 3.54 MB 3.48 MB 3.02 MB 2.58 MB Medium 15 color digital images Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Russell Moore. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Russell Moore and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://boktowergardens.org/" target="_blank">About Bok Tower Gardens</a>." Bok Tower Gardens. http://boktowergardens.org/. "<a href="http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>," Floridata, http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49907961" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 1981. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/24131437" target="_blank">The Bok Tower Gardens Newsletter</a>. Lake Wales, FL: The Gardens, 1980. Smith, Margaret. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51888803" target="_blank">The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 2002. Transcript Pinewood Estate birds Bok Tower Gardens botanical gardens citrus flowers gardens Lake Wales Russell Moore tourism tourist attractions tourists trees https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a9608ff0550fac05b08e52f46b9dfea7.JPG 75abd0bd27fd78857b3fb4311da7d27e https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6250ac56e3914782a3f8bf32ff98c9ed.JPG 92b6648be4909c121eb7588474433b60 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2b0bb1853b1186b41729d877f4e840f6.JPG fb7a8726a7142639d81c2c80a4aad6a5 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b6783067bdd11ddcd024a9523dc76353.JPG 0480c5d1b1fb09ec8b295c21d1cc9141 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d3b7cf53f46e51af82ac71704866a0a4.JPG 7bfb0afc98be2d700e34ca1f4f6bdeb1 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4e9e8e71fe2d13b311c12b222ee855e5.JPG d8a37e712e836abf825e3d9c0e9fc126 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/eea107d9a198ba8838328cfaedf9cec2.JPG afa8efa9373e0dde6bc1649b4b3e9993 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/8ea16b360562c174e1c312c7741ae2a0.JPG e238f4cce56df5484860e89d59003c80 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ad66a55dfd6bb8005cc4a5c842ce5118.JPG 1e87ca14e3e15dc1ef1095271617cd11 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/13963cbfc11db07eeb3294027212ea76.JPG 6fee95fc892201a896accb5afc2d70d3 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1325c67ec510c14609d07f0f20386ba4.JPG 62b7c0ca4c6681d590c1480523f3c0b2 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e32663872c35a24a206d04396f09ac20.JPG ec329672de828059992029f2d9cd46cd https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/8220d14f3237556857181dae82fb971e.JPG 4d2b11158821e27c24f8c6082c3fa876 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fe9421614eff11d308f674698c3352b7.JPG 6a2b2078f7754265c9244f08b70261f3 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2dd32444a710f4fbfbcde610a6abc3cf.JPG f53c7bad8d8c1fadc4dd11f7deb17713 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5f36957c5cf25e929b429038161d40f9.JPG 94a0d0e44127139f0929c337c7cb3674 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lake Wales Collection Alternative Title Lake Wales Collection Subject Lake Wales (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Lake Wales, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The land around present-day Lake Wales was first surveyed by Sidney Irving Wailes in 1879. Wailes changed the name of the area's major lake, then called Watts Lake, to Lake Wailes. The area was used by settlers for the turpentine, lumber, grapefruit, and orange industries. Around 1911-1912, the City of Lake Wales was established by the Lake Wales Land Company. The town was officially incorporated in 1917 and the City of Lake Wales was granted a municipal charter in 1921. In 1925, the Atlantic Coast Line (ACL) Railroad Company constructed a railroad line joining Haines City to Everglades City, with a depot located in Lake Wales. Contributor Moore, R. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/48" target="_blank">Polk County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Lake Wales, Florida Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cityoflakewales.com/" target="_blank">About Lake Wales</a>." City of Lake Wales. http://www.cityoflakewales.com/. Privett, Jan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/639158785" target="_blank">Lake Wales</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2010. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Bok Tower Alternative Title Bok Tower Subject Lake Wales (Fla.) Gardens--United States Tourism--Florida Description Bok Tower, located at 1151 Tower Boulevard in Lake Wales, Florida. These images were taken by Russell Moore in 2010. Edward Bok (1863-1930) retired to the town of Lake Wales, located south of Orlando. Bok set out a plan to establish a natural garden and bird sanctuary where people to visit to quietly enjoy nature. He engaged Frederick Law Olmstead, Jr. (1870-1957) to design the grounds and asked architect Milton Bennett Medary (1874-1929) to design and build a carillon tower. Lee Lawrie (1877-1963), a noted sculptor from New York, designed the elaborate marble sculpture that adorns the tower. Work was completed in 1928 and on February 1, 1929, President Calvin Coolidge dedicated the Sanctuary. Bok died less than a year later in 1930 and was buried at the foot of the tower. The tower and the carillon housed inside is Bok Tower Gardens' most distinctive feature. The carillon consists of 60 bells, ranging in size from 16 pounds to just under 12 tons. The bells are played like an organ with the keys connected to the clappers of each bell. Bok Tower has had only three regular carillonneurs in its more than 70 years. The Sanctuary's first carillonneur was Anton Brees, serving as the only carillonneur from 1928 until 1967. Milford Myhre has been the resident carillonneur since 1968. William De Turk has been the assistant carillonneur since 1993. De Turk is also the librarian of the Anton Brees Carillon Library, which is reportedly the largest and most comprehensive carillon library in the world. Type Still Image Source Original color digital images by Russell Moore, March 7, 2010: Private Collection of Russell Moore. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/146" target="_blank">Lake Wales Collection</a>, Polk County Collection. RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida Creator Moore, Russell Date Created 2010-03-07 Format image/jpg Extent 1.3 MB 1.62 MB 2.25 MB 1.95 MB 2.11 MB 2.58 MB 2.5 MB 2.47 MB 2.84 MB 2.72 MB 1.74 MB 2.38 MB 2.47 MB 2.23 MB 1.66 MB 2.42 MB Medium 16 color digital images Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Russell Moore. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Russell Moore and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://boktowergardens.org/" target="_blank">About Bok Tower Gardens</a>." Bok Tower Gardens. http://boktowergardens.org/. "<a href="http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>," Floridata, http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49907961" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 1981. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/24131437" target="_blank">The Bok Tower Gardens Newsletter</a>. Lake Wales, FL: The Gardens, 1980. Smith, Margaret. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51888803" target="_blank">The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 2002. Transcript THIS SINGING TOWER WITH ITS ADJACENT SANCTUARY WAS DEDICATED AND PRESENTED FOR VISITATION TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE BY CALVIN COOLIDGE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES FEBRUARY THE FIRST NINETEEN HUNDRED AND TWENTY NINE birds Bok Tower Bok Tower Gardens botanical gardens citrus flowers gardens Lake Wales Russell Moore tourism tourist attraction tourist attractions tourists towers trees https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fb8ec1d7b3c49901ab35676281327bbb.JPG 4577c5cc1c3342982b66e69797c957d0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lake Wales Collection Alternative Title Lake Wales Collection Subject Lake Wales (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Lake Wales, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The land around present-day Lake Wales was first surveyed by Sidney Irving Wailes in 1879. Wailes changed the name of the area's major lake, then called Watts Lake, to Lake Wailes. The area was used by settlers for the turpentine, lumber, grapefruit, and orange industries. Around 1911-1912, the City of Lake Wales was established by the Lake Wales Land Company. The town was officially incorporated in 1917 and the City of Lake Wales was granted a municipal charter in 1921. In 1925, the Atlantic Coast Line (ACL) Railroad Company constructed a railroad line joining Haines City to Everglades City, with a depot located in Lake Wales. Contributor Moore, R. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/48" target="_blank">Polk County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Lake Wales, Florida Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cityoflakewales.com/" target="_blank">About Lake Wales</a>." City of Lake Wales. http://www.cityoflakewales.com/. Privett, Jan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/639158785" target="_blank">Lake Wales</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2010. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title President Calvin Coolidge Dedication Marker at Bok Tower Gardens Alternative Title President Coolidge Dedication at Bok Tower Subject Lake Wales (Fla.) Tourism--Florida Gardens--Florida Presidents--United States Description The dedication marker for a palm tree planted by President Calvin Coolidge (1872-1933) on February 1, 1929, at Bok Tower Gardens, located at 1151 Tower Boulevard in Lake Wales, Florida. These images were taken by Russell Moore in 2010. Edward Bok (1863-1930) retired to the town of Lake Wales, located south of Orlando. Bok set out a plan to establish a natural garden and bird sanctuary where people to visit to quietly enjoy nature. He engaged Frederick Law Olmstead, Jr. (1870-1957) to design the grounds and asked architect Milton Bennett Medary (1874-1929) to design and build a carillon tower. Lee Lawrie (1877-1963), a noted sculptor from New York, designed the elaborate marble sculpture that adorns the tower. Work was completed in 1928 and on February 1, 1929, President Calvin Coolidge dedicated the Sanctuary. Bok died less than a year later in 1930 and was buried at the foot of the tower. The tower and the carillon housed inside is Bok Tower Gardens' most distinctive feature. The carillon consists of 60 bells, ranging in size from 16 pounds to just under 12 tons. The bells are played like an organ with the keys connected to the clappers of each bell. Bok Tower has had only three regular carillonneurs in its more than 70 years. The Sanctuary's first carillonneur was Anton Brees, serving as the only carillonneur from 1928 until 1967. Milford Myhre has been the resident carillonneur since 1968. William De Turk has been the assistant carillonneur since 1993. De Turk is also the librarian of the Anton Brees Carillon Library, which is reportedly the largest and most comprehensive carillon library in the world. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Russell Moore, March 7, 2010: Private Collection of Russell Moore. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/146" target="_blank">Lake Wales Collection</a>, Polk County Collection. RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida Creator Moore, Russell Date Created 2010-03-07 Format image/jpg Extent 2.12 MB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Russell Moore. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Russell Moore and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://boktowergardens.org/" target="_blank">About Bok Tower Gardens</a>." Bok Tower Gardens. http://boktowergardens.org/. "<a href="http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>," Floridata, http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49907961" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 1981. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/24131437" target="_blank">The Bok Tower Gardens Newsletter</a>. Lake Wales, FL: The Gardens, 1980. Smith, Margaret. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51888803" target="_blank">The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 2002. Transcript THIS PALM WAS PLANTED BY CALVIN COOLIDGE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES FEBRUARY THE FIRST 1929 Bok Tower Gardens Calvin Coolidge Coolidge, Calvin Coolidge, John Calvin, Jr. dedication dedications John Calvin Coolidge, Jr. Lake Wales Moore, Russell palm tree palm trees president presidents Russell Moore tourism tourist tourist attraction tourist attractions tourists tree trees https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/acc1202fedc3a8cfda46c081a5f3c716.JPG e572ab6d5794f430ce4bff19c39b7223 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lake Wales Collection Alternative Title Lake Wales Collection Subject Lake Wales (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Lake Wales, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The land around present-day Lake Wales was first surveyed by Sidney Irving Wailes in 1879. Wailes changed the name of the area's major lake, then called Watts Lake, to Lake Wailes. The area was used by settlers for the turpentine, lumber, grapefruit, and orange industries. Around 1911-1912, the City of Lake Wales was established by the Lake Wales Land Company. The town was officially incorporated in 1917 and the City of Lake Wales was granted a municipal charter in 1921. In 1925, the Atlantic Coast Line (ACL) Railroad Company constructed a railroad line joining Haines City to Everglades City, with a depot located in Lake Wales. Contributor Moore, R. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/48" target="_blank">Polk County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Lake Wales, Florida Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cityoflakewales.com/" target="_blank">About Lake Wales</a>." City of Lake Wales. http://www.cityoflakewales.com/. Privett, Jan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/639158785" target="_blank">Lake Wales</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2010. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Lady Grace Coolidge Dedication Marker at Bok Tower Gardens Alternative Title First Lady Coolidge Dedication at Bok Tower Subject Lake Wales (Fla.) Tourism--Florida Description The dedication marker for a palm tree planted by First Lady Grace Coolidge (1879-1957), the wife of President Calvin Coolidge (1872-1933), on February 1, 1929, at Bok Tower Gardens, located at 1151 Tower Boulevard in Lake Wales, Florida. These images were taken by Russell Moore in 2010. Edward Bok (1863-1930) retired to the town of Lake Wales, located south of Orlando. Bok set out a plan to establish a natural garden and bird sanctuary where people to visit to quietly enjoy nature. He engaged Frederick Law Olmstead, Jr. (1870-1957) to design the grounds and asked architect Milton Bennett Medary (1874-1929) to design and build a carillon tower. Lee Lawrie (1877-1963), a noted sculptor from New York, designed the elaborate marble sculpture that adorns the tower. Work was completed in 1928 and on February 1, 1929, President Calvin Coolidge dedicated the Sanctuary. Bok died less than a year later in 1930 and was buried at the foot of the tower. The tower and the carillon housed inside is Bok Tower Gardens' most distinctive feature. The carillon consists of 60 bells, ranging in size from 16 pounds to just under 12 tons. The bells are played like an organ with the keys connected to the clappers of each bell. Bok Tower has had only three regular carillonneurs in its more than 70 years. The Sanctuary's first carillonneur was Anton Brees, serving as the only carillonneur from 1928 until 1967. Milford Myhre has been the resident carillonneur since 1968. William De Turk has been the assistant carillonneur since 1993. De Turk is also the librarian of the Anton Brees Carillon Library, which is reportedly the largest and most comprehensive carillon library in the world. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Russell Moore, March 7, 2010: Private Collection of Russell Moore. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/146" target="_blank">Lake Wales Collection</a>, Polk County Collection. RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida Creator Moore, Russell Date Created 2010-03-07 Format image/jpg Extent 2 MB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Russell Moore. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Russell Moore and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://boktowergardens.org/" target="_blank">About Bok Tower Gardens</a>." Bok Tower Gardens. http://boktowergardens.org/. "<a href="http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>," Floridata, http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49907961" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 1981. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/24131437" target="_blank">The Bok Tower Gardens Newsletter</a>. Lake Wales, FL: The Gardens, 1980. Smith, Margaret. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51888803" target="_blank">The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 2002. Transcript THIS PALM WAS PLANTED BY MS. CALVIN COOLIDGE FEBRUARY THE FIRST 1929 Bok Tower Gardens dedications First Lady Grace Anna Goodhue Grace Anna Goodhue Coolidge Grace Coolidge Lake Wales palm trees Russell Moore tourism tourist attraction tourist attractions tourists https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4b58e8bad39bc9ab3e49e7a9da5e4913.JPG a596e26488f9288852910cdcee63cf00 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5a5b0e832209b2d0a6c9074ba765084c.JPG 7787d82db9be2681fdc754a8b1c1069e https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/dc09dc8c31f12e07000d4ad47af30f76.JPG ea0121e0f266deb4158f7558e3ff6af4 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0695572640b31a26817f490fac580c9e.JPG cd11ec86f4ea943f9b3847b27c0537a6 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/67ab7abc22c79a0aff75263ff001afe0.JPG f3fd0659d98b385891146e8980be07ac https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1305f6ea538aadb494365af4ff06a094.JPG 6ea0bcf06f1b7bbee27bc0cddc485fac https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b13023a44dcde45a761fbf675f9e4863.JPG 8ae0e1f5884c3bdca39008bf30bb04c9 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f0b8b199e3172718aa7f6ad719d5d916.JPG cfd8b13cb857a495c04860f7feb7fc44 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c48d46088a4fc460d0ed85f9e0e07306.JPG 737c1f0bbe1c0fed4f09528d819cf22a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lake Wales Collection Alternative Title Lake Wales Collection Subject Lake Wales (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Lake Wales, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The land around present-day Lake Wales was first surveyed by Sidney Irving Wailes in 1879. Wailes changed the name of the area's major lake, then called Watts Lake, to Lake Wailes. The area was used by settlers for the turpentine, lumber, grapefruit, and orange industries. Around 1911-1912, the City of Lake Wales was established by the Lake Wales Land Company. The town was officially incorporated in 1917 and the City of Lake Wales was granted a municipal charter in 1921. In 1925, the Atlantic Coast Line (ACL) Railroad Company constructed a railroad line joining Haines City to Everglades City, with a depot located in Lake Wales. Contributor Moore, R. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/48" target="_blank">Polk County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Lake Wales, Florida Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.cityoflakewales.com/" target="_blank">About Lake Wales</a>." City of Lake Wales. http://www.cityoflakewales.com/. Privett, Jan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/639158785" target="_blank">Lake Wales</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2010. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Pinewood Estate at Bok Tower Gardens Alternative Title Pinewood Estate Subject Lake Wales (Fla.) Gardens--United States Tourism--Florida Description The Pinewood Estate at Bok Tower Gardens, located at 1151 Tower Boulevard in Lake Wales, Florida. The Pinewood Estate is a mansion that was constructed for Charles Austin Buck, the vice president of the Bethlehem Steel Corporation. In 1929, William Lyman Phillips, an architect at Frederick Law Olmstead, Jr.'s (1822-1903) firm, began designing the gardens. In 1930, Charles Wait began designing the house in the Mediterranean style of architecture. Originally called "El Retiro," which means "The Retreat" in Spanish, the estate was acquired by Nellie Lee Holt Bok , the daughter of Bok Tower Gardens founder Edward W. Bok (1863-1930), and renamed the "Pinewood Estate" in 1970.These images were taken by Russell Moore in 2010. Type Still Image Source Original color digital images by Russell Moore, March 7, 2010: Private Collection of Russell Moore. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/146" target="_blank">Lake Wales Collection</a>, Polk County Collection. RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Pinewood Estate, Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida Creator Moore, Russell Date Created 2010-03-07 Format image/jpg Extent 1.55 MB 2.44 MB 2.78 MB 2.25 MB 2.84 MB 2.19 MB 2.04 MB 1.7 MB 1.96 MB Medium 9 color digital images Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Russell Moore. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Russell Moore and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Russell Moore External Reference "<a href="http://boktowergardens.org/" target="_blank">About Bok Tower Gardens</a>." Bok Tower Gardens. http://boktowergardens.org/. "<a href="http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>," Floridata, http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49907961" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 1981. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/24131437" target="_blank">The Bok Tower Gardens Newsletter</a>. Lake Wales, FL: The Gardens, 1980. Smith, Margaret. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51888803" target="_blank">The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 2002. Transcript NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES Bok Tower Bok Tower Gardens botanical gardens El Retiro estates flowers Lake Wales mansions Mediterranean architecture Pinewood Estate Russell Moore tourism tourist attractions tourists towers trees https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c75aabb447406423014ea005cdc359a5.jpg fc07fc667b5c4f1efaea37f833ee517a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Central Florida Railroad Depots Collection Alternative Title Central Florida Railroad Depots Collection Subject Railroad depots Railroad stations--Florida Railroads--Florida Apopka (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Ocala (Fla.) Port Orange (Fla.) Lake Wales (Fla.) Avon Park (Fla.) Mount Dora (Fla.) Punta Gorda (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Kissimmee (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Language eng Type Collection Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the various railroad depots and railroad stations in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Contributor Bronson, Kelly Campbell, Tyler Clemente, Chris Connolly, Lehman Covington, Adrian Gray, Mark Lester, Connie L. Mercado, Carlos R. Moore, Samantha Santos, Marina Simons, Nicholas Smalls, Eric Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/77" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Coverage Amtrak Seaboard Coast Line Railroad Station, Orlando, Florida Apopka Seaboard Air Line Railway Depot, Apopka, Florida Avon Park Depot Museum, Avon Park, Florida Avon Park Seaboard Air Line Depot, Avon Park, Florida Avon Park Atlantic Coast Line Train Station, Avon Park, Florida Church Street Station, Orlando, Florida Fort Pierce Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Depot, Fort Pierce, Florida Fort Pierce Florida East Coast Railway Company Depot, Fort Pierce, Florida Kissimmee Railroad Station, Kissimmee, Florida Lake Wales Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Depot, Lake Wales, Florida Lake Wales Depot Museum, Lake Wales, Florida Mount Dora Train Station, Mount Dora, Florida Ocala Union Station, Ocala, Florida Orlando Railroad Depot, Orlando, Florida Oviedo Train Depot, Oviedo, Florida Port Orange Train Station, Port Orange, Florida Punta Gorda Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Depot, Punta Gorda, Florida Sanford Atlantic Coast Line Depot, Sanford, Florida Sanford South Florida Railroad, Sanford, Florida St. Lucie County Regional History Center, Fort Pierce, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=525" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s American Economic History Undergraduate Class, Spring 2014 External Reference Mulligan, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/225874809" target="_blank">Railroad Depots of Central Florida</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2008. Turner, Gregg M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/184906141" target="_blank">A Journey into Florida Railroad History</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2008. Murdock, R. Ken. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38291666" target="_blank">Outline History of Central Florida Railroads</a>. Winter Garden, Fla: Central Florida Chapter, National Railway Historical Society, 1997. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 25: The Railways of Central Florida</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title St. Lucie County Regional History Center Alternative Title St. Lucie County History Center Subject Fort Pierce (Fla.) Railroads--Florida Museums--Florida Description St. Lucie County Regional History Center, located at 414 Seaway Drive in Fort Pierce, Florida, in 2014. The history center is located in what was once the Fort Pierce train station. The Fort Pierce train station was located along the tracks that now run through downtown Fort Pierce, Florida. Henry Flagler (1830-1913) expanded his railroad down the Florida east coast from Jacksonville in 1894, forever transforming the economic development of Florida. In 1911, Fort Pierce was established as a division point for the Florida East Coast Railway Company. This new and efficient form of transportation began to take the place of coastal and canal transportation such as cargo shipping and commuter travel and significantly developed the connection between northern markets and southern products. Citrus, sugar, and pineapple farmers and fishermen located on the coast established packinghouses near the station. It also affected the population growth of these areas, as passengers found it easier, faster and more comfortable to travel further south. New employment opportunities also drew in a heavy population, rapidly expanding the agricultural economy of Fort Pierce, which economically benefited immensely from this expansion. The original Fort Pierce train station was torn down and replaced in 1967. A replica of the old depot is located at the entrance of the St. Lucie County Regional History Center building and also houses the "Train Station Room", which includes dioramas, models, murals and photographs of historic Fort Pierce. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Samantha Moore, 2014. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/97" target="_blank">Central Florida Railroad Depots Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage St. Lucie County Regional History Center, Fort Pierce, Florida Creator Moore, Samantha Contributor Moore, Samantha Date Created 2014 Format image/jpg Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Samantha Moore. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Samantha Moore and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=525" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s American Economic History Undergraduate Class, Spring 2014 Curator Moore, Samantha Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://fecrwy.com/about/history" target="_blank">History</a>." Florida East Coast Railway. http://fecrwy.com/about/history. Bramson, Seth. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49513191" target="_blank">Speedway to Sunshine: The Story of the Florida East Coast Railway</a>. Erin, ON: Boston Mills Press, 2003. Mulligan, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/225874809" target="_blank">Railroad Depots of Central Florida</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2008. Turner, Gregg M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/184906141" target="_blank">A Journey into Florida Railroad History</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2008. Turner, Gregg M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52260683" target="_blank">A Short History of Florida Railroads</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2003. Murdock, R. Ken. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38291666" target="_blank">Outline History of Central Florida Railroads</a>. Winter Garden, Fla: Central Florida Chapter, National Railway Historical Society, 1997. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 25: The Railways of Central Florida</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477. "<a href="https://www.stlucieco.gov/history/train_station.htm" target="_blank">The Train Station Room</a>." St. Lucie County Government. https://www.stlucieco.gov/history/train_station.htm. Transcript FORT PIERCE RAILROAD CROSSING MUSEUM ENTRANCE Zotero University RRD00053.jpg FEC Florida East Coast Railway Fort Pierce Fort Pierce Train Station museums railroad depots railroad stations railroads SLCRHC St. Lucie County Regional History Center Train Station Room https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/eb865eb921436966d6bb619c6e0de789.pdf 1e67b62b57df8806815ecd10cba21a03 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Marie Jones Francis Collection Alternative Title Francis Collection Subject Midwives, African American Midwives--Florida Midwifery--United States Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) African Americans--Florida--Sanford Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the life and work of Marie Jones Francis. Francis, the "midwife of Sanford," lived at 621 East Sixth Street in Sanford, Florida. Francis, the "midwife of Sanford," left behind a successful hotel and restaurant she owned in Sarasota in 1942 to return to Sanford and become a midwife. World War II caused a shortage in doctors and nurses, so Florida's Children's Bureau sent Francis to Florida A & M to acquire her practical nursing license in 1945. She specialized in premature babies and returned to Sanford to aid her mother, Carrie Jones, at Fernald-Laughton Memorial Hospital before they opened the ward in their home. "When her health starting failing," she recollects in a newspaper article, "I took over." Francis converted her house at 621 East Sixth Street to also serve as a maternity ward, where she delivered over 40,000 babies over her 32 year career. She became a midwife in the same vein as her mother, Carrie Jones, and together they ran the Jones-Francis Maternity Hall in Georgetown. Francis served her community in several ways. She delivered babies for both white and black families from Seminole County, primarily patrons who either preferred natural births or could not afford deliveries at a hospital. In the 1950s, it cost $70 to stay nine days where soon-to-be mothers were taken care of. Francis was assisted by her sister, Annie Walker, who did the cooking. The house and ward also served as a school, where Marie Francis taught nurses the art of midwifery. Nurses would come from across the state to learn how to delivery infants naturally. A heavy burden on a single working mother, Marie Francis had three daughters, Cassandra Clayton, Daphne Humphrey, and Barbara Torre. Clayton and Humphrey became school teachers and Torre became a purchaser at Seminole Memorial Hospital. Contributor Firpo, Julio R. Humphrey, Daphne Francis Language eng Type Collection Coverage Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Firpo, Julio R. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Dickinson, Joy Wallace. "<a href="http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2008/02/24/3287685.htm" target="_blank">A Very Rich Trail: Florida’s Black Heritage is Celebrated in an Updated and Expanded State Publication</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, February 24, 2008, page J1. http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2008/02/24/3287685.htm. Moore, Stacy. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2922" target="_blank">Midwife on Job Here 32 Years</a>." The Little Sentinel, April 4, 1979, page 26. Jeria, Michelle. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2933" target="_blank">Sanford's Birth Place: Marie Jones Francis Delivered More than 40,000 Babies in Her Sixth Street Home</a>." The Sanford Herald, Feb 16, 2003, page 1C. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2944" target="_blank">Midwives Supply Needed Service Community</a>." The Sanford Herald, July 24, 1964, page 3. Flewellyn, Valada Parker, and the Sanford Historical Society. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2009. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/41" target="_blank">Georgetown Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Midwife on Job Here 32 Years Alternative Title Midwife on Job 32 Years Subject African Americans--Florida--Sanford Sanford (Fla.) Georgetown (Sanford, Fla.) Midwives--United States Description A newspaper article about Marie Jones Francis, the "midwife of Sanford." Francis left behind a successful hotel and restaurant she owned in Sarasota in 1942 to return to Sanford and become a midwife. World War II caused a shortage in doctors and nurses, so Florida's Children's Bureau sent Francis to Florida A & M to acquire her practical nursing license in 1945. She specialized in premature babies and returned to Sanford to aid her mother, Carrie Jones, at Fernald-Laughton Memorial Hospital before they opened the ward in their home. "When her health starting failing," she recollects in a newspaper article, "I took over." Francis converted her house at 621 East Sixth Street to also serve as a maternity ward, where she delivered over 40,000 babies over her 32 year career. She became a midwife in the same vein as her mother, Carrie Jones, and together they ran the Jones-Francis Maternity Hall in Georgetown. Francis served her community in several ways. She delivered babies for both white and black families from Seminole County, primarily patrons who either preferred natural births or could not afford deliveries at a hospital. In the 1950s, it cost $70 to stay nine days where soon-to-be mothers were taken care of. Francis was assisted by her sister, Annie Walker, who did the cooking. The house and ward also served as a school, where Marie Francis taught nurses the art of midwifery. Nurses would come from across the state to learn how to delivery infants naturally. A heavy burden on a single working mother, Marie Francis had three daughters, Cassandra Clayton, Daphne Humphrey, and Barbara Torre. Clayton and Humphrey became school teachers and Torre became a purchaser at Seminole Memorial Hospital. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Moore, Stacy. "Midwife on Job Here 32 Years." The Little Sentinel, April 4, 1979: Private Collection of Daphne F. Humphrey. Is Part Of The Little Sentinel, April 4, 1979, page 26. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/78" target="_blank">Marie Jones Francis Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Moore, Stacy. "Midwife on Job Here 32 Years." The Little Sentinel, April 4, 1979. Coverage Sarasota, Florida Florida Agricultural and Mechanical College, Tallahasse, Florida Jones-Francis Maternity Hall, Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Fernald-Laughton Memorial Hospital, Sanford, Florida Creator Moore, Stacy Contributor Frey, Bob Humphrey, Daphne F. Date Created ca. 1979-04-04 Date Copyrighted 1979-04-04 Format application/pdf Extent 376 KB Medium 1 newspaper article Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Stacy Moore and published by The Little Sentinel. Rights Holder Copyright to the resource is held by The Little Sentinel and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Firpo, Julio R. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Dickinson, Joy Wallace. <a href="http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2008/02/24/3287685.htm" target="_blank">A Very Rich Trail: Florida’s Black Heritage is Celebrated in an Updated and Expanded State Publication</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, February 24, 2008, J1. http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2008/02/24/3287685.htm. Jeria, Michelle. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2933" target="_blank">Sanford'S Birth Place: Marie Jones Francis Delivered More than 40,000 Babies in Her Sixth Street Home</a>." The Sanford Herald, Feb 16, 2003, 1C. Flewellyn, Valada Parker, and the Sanford Historical Society. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2009. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3309" target="_blank">Oral History of Daphne F. Humphrey</a>." Interview by Julio R. Firpo. Home of Daphne F. Humphrey. April 8, 2011. Audio record available. RICHES of Central Florida. Publisher The Little Sentinel Date Issued 1979-04-04 Source Repository Private Collection of Daphne F. Humphrey African American Carrier, Marjorie Certificate for Public Service Children's Bureau Clayton, Cassandra Fernald-Laughton Memorial Hospital Florida A&M College Florida Agricultural and Mechanical College Francis, Marie Jones Frey, Bob Georgetown Health and Rehabilitative Services hospital Humphrey, Daphne F. McGill, Margaret Miami Jackson Memorial Hospital midwife Moore, Stacy Parker, Vann Pilot Club Public Health Department Reading, Sadie Sanford Seminole County Health Department Seminole Memorial Hospital Sertoma International Club Service to Mankind Award Stenstrom, Douglas The Little Sentinel Torre, Barbara Walker, Annie https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/962c098b15ba9e6ebd5229be7b0650d7.jpg 29e07191e04510a3335a06d4712278e8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sixteenth Census Population for Cusseta, Chattahoochee County, Georgia, 1940 Alternative Title Census, 1940 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Description The Sixteenth United States Census records for Cusseta, Chattahoochee County, Georgia, for 1940. The census divides the population by name, age, sex, race, marital status, residence, home owned or rented, value of home or monthly rent, whether living on a farm, other residents of same address, relation to head of house, attended school or college after March 1940, highest grade completed, state or foreign country of birth, employment status, hours of work per week, duration of employment, and wages. Supplemental questions include the father and mother's birthplace, language spoken in home during childhood, veteran status, father's veteran status, social security, usual occupation and industry, class of worker, if women have been married more than once, age at first marriage if so, and number of children born. A notable resident listed in this record is Albert Lee Minyard Jr. (1917-1986). Born in Brooks, Georgia, Minyard served in the United States Army from 1935-1941 and from 1948 to 1958. In December of 1948, he married his wife, Roslyn Minyard, and eventually had two boys with her. The family moved to Hillsborough County, Florida, where Alberty passed away on January 13, 1986. He is memorialized in Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. Roslyn survived him, living in the Tampa and St. Petersburg area until her own death on May 2, 2000. She is memorialized with Albert in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Harold N. Moorman, April 4, 1940. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Cusseta, Georgia Creator Moorman, Harold N. <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created 1940-04-04 Format image/jpg Extent 2.69 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Census record originally created by Harold N. Moorman and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Connolly, Lehman Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.georgiaarchives.org/">Georgia Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. Albert Lee Minyard Jr. Bushnell census records Cusseta, Georgia Florida National Cemetery military history military service national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration population veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/84a07e5ff567eacde98467a2a27d1e91.pdf b8fe7de0f160bb95095e80cee7d0f2c2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Patricia Black Collection Alternative Title Black Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Migration, Internal--United States Farm laborers Upstate New York (N.Y.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Madison (Fla.) Houses and homes Rochester (N.Y.) Description Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Language eng Type Collection Coverage Madison, Florida Sanford, Florida Rochester, New York Wayne County, New York Wolcott, New York Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 envelope and 1-page typewritten letter on U.S. Department of Labor Workplace Standards Administration letterhead Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from Robert D. Moran to Pilgrim Black Alternative Title Letter from Moran to Black Subject Sanford (Fla.) Upstate New York (N.Y.) Migrant workers Farm laborers Agricultural laborers--New York (State) Agricultural laborers--Florida United States. Department of Labor Fair labor standards act Wages--United States Minimum wage--United States Description A letter of correspondence from Robert D. Moran, administrator of the Workplace Standards Administration in the United States Department of Labor, to Pilgrim Black. In the letter, Moran informs Black that the minimum wage for nonfarm employees was to be raised from $1.45/ per hour to $1.60 per hour effective February 1, 1971 and that the minimum wage for farm workers would remain unchanged at $1.30 per hour. Black was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula Mae Haynes (1917-2007) Black were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Wayne County in Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca.1870-ca.1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Loui Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek, New York, instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to thirty workers at once, which he accepted. While in Sanford, Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-); Lula Yvonne Black (1942-); Charles Samuel Black (1945-); Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca. 1947-), and Patricia Ann Black (1956-). Type Text Source Original letter from Robert D. Moran to Pilgrim Black: Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter by Robert D. Moranfrom Robert D. Moran to Pilgrim Black. Coverage Washington, D.C. Sanford, Florida Creator Moran, Robert D. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Date Created ca. 1968-1971 Format application/pdf Extent 112 KB Medium 1 envelope and 1-page typewritten letter on U.S. Department of Labor Workplace Standards Administration letterhead Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Audience Education Level Provenance Originally created by Robert D. Moran and owned by Pilgrim Black. Inherited by Patricia Ann Black in 2002. Rights Holder Copyright to the resource is held by Patricia Ann Black and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72">Patricia Black Collection</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a> External Reference Nordlund, Willis J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33983425" target="_blank">The Quest for a Living Wage: The History of the Federal Minimum Wage Program</a>. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1997. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Bigham, Patricia Ann Black Black, Patricia Ann Black, Pilgrim employee Fair Labor Standards Act farm farming Georgetown laborer migrant labor migrant worker minimum wage Moran, Robert D. Sanford U.S. Department of Labor wage Wage and Hour Division worker Workplace Standards Administration https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/53ac6e42348eee4145bea861216c6a8d.jpg b5f8e6573ac3287798c3ff1faad28228 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection Alternative Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Subject Cemeteries--Europe Veterans--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Army Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. <a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Florida-France Soldier Stories Project</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Dinozé, France Contributing Project Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War</a>." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015). Description The Florida-France Soldier Storiesproject seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Application for World War II Compensation for Frank Black Morgan Alternative Title Application for WWII Compensation for Frank Morgan Subject World War II, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Army Description An application for World War II Compensation completed by Edna Grace Morgan, the mother of First Lieutenant Frank Black Morgan (1920-1944). 1st Lt. Morgan was born in Greensburg, Pennsylvania, on January 28, 1920, to Samuel Morgan and Edna Grace Morgan. Samuel Morgan was a first generation American of Northern Irish descent, working in the publishing industry as an editor and linotype operation. Edna Morgan (née Black) was a native of Pennsylvania. 1st Lt. Morgan had two older brothers: Samuel Cree Morgan (1909-1990) and James Alexander Morgan (1912-1982). The Morgans owned a home on 17 Clopper Street in Greensburg, where 1st Lt. Morgan resided until he entered active service on April 27, 1942, out of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, at the age of 22. 1st Lt. Morgan trained at MacDuill Field, a U.S. Army Air Corps which would become MacDill Air Force Base in Tampa, Florida, and then served with the 555th Bomber Squadron, a unit within the 386th Bomber Group. 1st Lt. Morgan served his country with distinction, earning an Air Medal with Eight Oak Leaf Clusters. He died on December 20, 1944, four days into the Ardennes Counteroffensive, also known as the Battle of the Bulge. His death is listed as non-battle related, suggesting that he may have been one of the many Martin B-26 Marauder crashes at takeoff or upon landing. 1st Lt. Morgan died just before the end of World War II at the age of 24. 1st Lt. Morgan is buried in Plot B, Row 39, Grave 46 at Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France. A second memorial was organized by his family is at Parker Presbyterian Cemetery in Parker, Pennsylvania. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten application. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.phmc.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx" target="_blank">Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission</a>, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/172" target="_blank">Epinal American Cemetery Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Has Format Original typewritten application: <a href="http://www.phmc.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx" target="_blank">Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission</a>, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Coverage Greensburg, Pennsylvania St. Petersburg, Florida Creator Morgan, Edna Grace Date Created ca. 1950 Format image/jpg Extent Medium 1-page handwritten application Language eng Audience Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Edna Grace Morgan. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws:<ul class="one_column_bullet"><li>reproduce the work in print or digital form</li><li>create derivative works</li><li>perform the work publicly</li><li>display the work</li><li>distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending.</li></ul>This resource is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105" target="_blank">Section 5</a> of <a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html" target="_blank">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial Project Curator Calligy, Devin Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.phmc.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx" target="_blank">Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=56374382" target="_blank">1Lt Frank B Morgan</a>." Find A Grave. http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=56374382. "Headstone Inscription and Interment Record for First Lieutenant Frank B. Morgan." RICHES of Central Florida. "<a href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=58136219" target="_blank">Samuel Morgan</a>." Find A Grave. http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=58136219. "<a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MG89-24H" target="_blank">Samuel Morgan, Jr.</a>" FamilySearch. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MG89-24H. "<a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHHK-PHR" target="_blank">Frank B Morgan</a>." FamilySearch. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHHK-PHR. "<a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KQNX-5LJ" target="_blank">Frank B Morgan</a>." FamilySearch. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KQNX-5LJ. Haire, Thomas B. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11153124" target="_blank">The History of a Bombing Outfit The 386th Bomb Group</a>. 1945. "<a href="https://www.archives.gov/research/military/ww2/army-casualties/florida.html" target="_blank">WWII Army Casualties: Florida</a>." National Archives. https://www.archives.gov/research/military/ww2/army-casualties/florida.html. compensation Dartmouth Avenue Edna Grace Morgan Frank Black Morgan Pennsylvania Saint Petersburg St. Petersburg U.S. Army USA veterans World War II World War II Veterans' Compensation Bureau WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/85077860cfd2b24b63d76928dd4c3f4d.pdf a37da2b67e695980d0c98e61d4c3bd72 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Westinghouse Electric Collection Alternative Title Westinghouse Collection Subject Westinghouse Electric Corporation Description Originally called the Westinghouse Electric Company, George Westinghouse (1846-1914) founded his manufacturing company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. In 1889, he renamed his business the The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Westinghouse's primary products include turbines, generators, motors and switchgear related to the generation, transmission, and use of electricity. The company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. In 1981, the company began to relocate its divison headquarters for the Steam-Turbine Generator Divisions from Pennsylvania (turbines from Lester and generators from Pittsburgh) to Orlando, Florida. The Power Generation Business Unit (PGBU) building was located in The Quadrangle, at 4400 Alafaya Trail. Originally, Westinghouse had purchased a large plot of land for future development that extended westward from Alafaya Trail to Rouse Road. The original headquarters was located on several acres of that land parcel close to Alafaya Trail. In 1994, after a major corporate management shuffling, and a top-level decision to change from an industrial manufacturing company to primarily a broadcasting/communications company, Westinghouse bought the CBS Network and changed its name to the CBS Corporation. As the PGBU grew in size, other buildings in the area were leased and then, after PGBU was sold to Siemens Corporation of Germany in 1998, additional buildings (Quad II and Quad III) were added to the original complex at the Quadrangle. From 1998 to 2003 the Orlando operation was known as Siemens-Westinghouse, after which the name of Westinghouse was dropped. The operation has been known as Siemens from that time forward. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Orlando, Florida Curator DeRosa, Peter Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History" target="_blank">History</a>." Westinghouse Nuclear. http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422" target="_blank">Westinghouse Power Generation Booklet</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page sheet music Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Westinghouse Song Sheet Music Alternative Title Westinghouse Song Subject Westinghouse Electric Corporation Description Sheet music for "Westinghouse Song," composed by Schulter C. Morgan in 1939. During the 1930s, the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company held a contest for the composition of the company's official song. The composer, Schulter C. Morgan, won the contest. Originally called the Westinghouse Electric Company, George Westinghouse (1846-1914) founded his manufacturing company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. In 1889, he renamed his business the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Westinghouse's primary products include turbines, generators, motors and switchgear related to the generation, transmission, and use of electricity. The company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. Type Text Source Original 4-page sheet music: Morgan, Schulter C. "Westinghouse Song." Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, 1939: Private Collection of George E. Baker. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/169" target="_blank">Westinghouse Electric Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 4-page sheet music: Morgan, Schulter C. "Westinghouse Song." Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, 1939. Coverage Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, Gateway Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Creator Morgan, Schulter C. Publisher Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company Contributor Baker, George E. Date Created ca. 1939 Date Copyrighted 1939 Format application/pdf Extent 1.13 MB Medium 4-page sheet music Language eng Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created by Schulter C. Morgan and published by Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Baker, George E. Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of George E. Baker External Reference "<a href="http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History" target="_blank">History</a>." Westinghouse Nuclear. http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422" target="_blank">Westinghouse Power Generation Booklet</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422. George Beck, Jr. music Schulter C. Morgan songs Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company Westinghouse Electric Corporation Westinghouse Song https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5ed89a63979b863551c9335f37acb17e.pdf e449efdcf27d2776390db0207957a3b5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Friends of Lake Apopka Collection Alternative Title FOLA Collection Subject Lake Apopka (Fla.) Water quality--Florida Pollution--Florida Description The Friends of Lake Apopka (FOLA) is a citizen advocacy group with the mission of restoring Lake Apopka in Orange County and Lake County, Florida. Due to poor farming practices along its shores, Lake Apopka has become one of the largest polluted lakes in Florida. This collection features various archival items related to the restoration of the lake. Contributor <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Lake Apopka, Florida Florida Game and Fresh Water Commission, Tallahassee, Florida Oakland, Florida Orlando, Florida Saint Johns River, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Haven, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Curator Cepero, Laura King, Joshua Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Our Mission & Purpose</a>." Friends of Lake Apopka. http://www.fola.org/. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 16-page pamphlet Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Westinghouse: The First 100+ Years Alternative Title Westinghouse: First 100+ Years Subject Westinghouse Electric Corporation Westinghouse, George, 1846-1914 Description A pamphlet detailing the legacy of George Westinghouse (1846-1914) and his business entrepreneurship. Originally called the Westinghouse Electric Company, Westinghouse founded his manufacturing company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. In 1889, he renamed his business the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Westinghouse's primary products include turbines, generators, motors and switchgear related to the generation, transmission, and use of electricity. The company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. Type Text Source Reprint of original 16-page pamphlet: Private Collection of George E. Baker. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/169" target="_blank">Westinghouse Electric Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of reprinted 16-page pamphlet. Coverage Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Creator Morgan, Schulter C. Contributor Baker, George E. Date Created ca. 1986 Date Copyrighted ca. 1986 Format application/pdf Extent 3.2 MB Medium 16-page pamphlet Language eng fre ger ita Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Science Teacher Rights Holder This resource is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Baker, George E. Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of George E. Baker External Reference "<a href="http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History" target="_blank">History</a>." Westinghouse Nuclear. http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422" target="_blank">Westinghouse Power Generation Booklet</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422. 1907 Bankers' Panic 250 HP current generator belts AC power alternating current American Brake Company arc lamps automatic air brakes automatic train control banking Bergmann Electric Werke British Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company Bryan Electrical Company Canadian Concrete Products Company Canadian Westinghouse Company Charles Parsons Clude Valley Electric Power Company Compagnia Italiana Westinghouse dei Freni Compagnie Des Freins Westinghouse Compagnie Des Lampes à Filaments Métallique Compagnie Des Lampes A Fillaments Metalliques Compagnie Pour Les Applications des Rayons Ultra-Violet Consolidated Electric Light Company Cooper Hewitt Electric Company Copeman Electric Stove Company double flow East Pittsburgh and Wilmerding Coal Company East Pittsburgh Improvement Company Electric Properties Corporation electric railways electricity Electrico-Magnetic Traction Company electro-pneumatic air brakes Emery Pneumatic Lubricator Company entrepreneurs finances Fountain Electrical Floor Box Corporation Franklin Electric Manufacturing Company French Westinghouse Electric Company friction draft gear, hydraulic draft gear Fuel Gas and Electrical Engineering Company generators George Cutter Company George Westinghouse, Jr. Great Panic Hartford Electric Light Company Interborough Improvement Company International Radio telegraph Company inventions inventors J. Stevens Arms Company Knickerbocker Crisis Krantz Manufacturing Company, Inc. Laurentide Mica Company Locomotive Stoker Company locomotives Manhattan General Construction Company Mansfield Vitrous Enamiling Company McCandless Lamp Company McKenzie-Holland Westinghouse Power Signal Company Meriden Fire Arms Company meters Milwaukee Locomotive Manufacturing Company motors National Brake and Electric Company National Steel Foundries National Utilities Corporation Nernst Lamp Company New England Westinghouse Company Page-Storm Drop Forge Company Panic of 1907 Parsons single flow turbines Perkins Electric Switch Manufacturing Company Philadelphia Company Pittsburgh High Voltage Insulator Company Pittsburgh Meter Company quick action air brakes R. D. Nuttall Company railway interlocks railway signaling railway signals rotary converters rotary steam engines Sawyer-Mon Electric Company Security Investment Company Società Italiana Westinghouse Société Anonyme Pour L'Explitation Des Procedes Westinghouse LeBlanc Société Anonyme Westinghouse Société Ékectruqye Westinghouse de Russie Société Hongroise D'Auto System Westinghouse Société Internationale Pour Les Applications des Rayons Ultra-Violet South Philadelphia Company Standard Car Heating and Ventilating Company Standard Underground Cable Company steam engines steam turbines straight air brakes Tafford Real Estate Company Thomas Alva Edison Thomas Edison Traction and Power Securities Company Trafford Water Company transformers transportation Turtle Creek and Allegheny Valley Railroad Company Union Switch and Signal Company United Electric Light and Power Company United Pump and Power Company United States Electric Lighting Company Walker Electric Company Waterhouse Electric Company Westinghouise Brake and Saxby Signal Company Westinghouse Air Brake Company Westinghouse Air Brake Home Building Company Westinghouse Air Springs Company Westinghouse Automatic Air and Steam Coupler Company Westinghouse Brake Company Westinghouse Bremsen Gesellschaft Westinghouse Company Westinghouse Cooper Hewitt Company Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company Westinghouse Electric Company Westinghouse Electric Corporation Westinghouse Electric Export Company Westinghouse Electric International Company Westinghouse Electric Products Company Westinghouse Elektricitäts-Gelleschaft Westinghouse European Brake Company Westinghouse Foundry Company Westinghouse Friction Draft Gear Company Westinghouse Gear and Dynamometer Company Westinghouse Glass Company Westinghouse Interworks Railway Company Westinghouse Lamp Company Westinghouse Machine Company Westinghouse Metal Filament Lamp Company Westinghouse Metallfaden Glühlampenfabrik Gelleschaft Westinghouse Norsk Elektrisk Aktieselskap Westinghouse Pacific Coast Brake Company Westinghouse Patent Bureau Westinghouse single double flow turbines Westinghouse Traction Brake Company Westinghouse Union Battery Company Westinghouse, Church, Kerr, and Company World's Fair Equipment Company https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/86033523f981064a0922ad0e246b8783.mp3 26845587f8da7187a0919d6c05f52dd6 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/039b8944840a95bb0f9dc82e9b951544.pdf ed15271af023f637e575c4d90777c13a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection Alternative Title Linda McKnight Batman Collection Subject Ocala (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Port Tampa (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Titusville (Fla.) Zellwood (Fla.) Description Collection of oral histories depicting the history of Seminole County, Florida. The project was funded by Linda McKnight Batman, a former teacher, historian, and Vice President of the State of Florida Commission on Ethics. Language eng Type Collection Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Museum of Seminole County History, and University of Central Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/744676869" target="_blank">Researcher's Guide to Seminole County Oral Histories: Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project</a>. [Sanford, Fla.]: Museum of Seminole County History, 2010. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> Coverage Seminole County, Florida Ocala, Florida Oviedo, Florida Port Tampa, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida Titusville, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Morris, Joseph Interviewee Yarborough, Ima Jean Bostick Location <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Ima Jean Bostick Yarborough Alternative Title Oral History, Yarborough Subject Ocala (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Cattle--Florida Horses--Florida Agriculture--Florida Description An oral history interview of Ima Jean Bostick Yarborough, conducted by Joseph Morris on November 10, 2011. Yarborough was born on August 2, 1935 in Ocala, Florida, but spent much of her adult life working in the cattle industry in Geneva. In the interview, she discusses her childhood in Ocala, how Ocala has changed over time, living in Oxford, the cattle industry, life in Geneva, the 4-H program, and her husband's military service. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:26 Growing up in Ocala 0:03:34 How Ocala has changed over time 0:06:09 Living in Oxford 0:06:29 RECORDING CUTS OFF 0:06:30 Living in Oxford 0:08:24 Family and occupational history 0:11:34 Meeting her husband, Edward, and moving to Geneva 0:14:10 Husband, children, and grandchildren 0:20:44 4-H 0:22:49 Cattle industry 0:36:58 Markets and butcher houses 0:40:31 Relationship between ranches 0:41:53 Improvements in the cattle industry 0:42:29 Tracking cattle 0:42:29 Family involvement in the cattle industry 0:48:49 Husband’s service in the military 0:50:15 Female figures in Yarborough’s childhood 0:54:29 Declaration of World War II 0:59:45 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Ima Jean Bostick Yarborough. Interview conducted by Joseph Morris at the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> in Sanford, Florida. Type Sound Source Original 1-hour and 56-second oral history: Yarborough, Ima Jean Bostick. Interviewed by Joseph Morris. November 10, 2011. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/123" target="_blank">Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Creator Morris, Joseph Yarborough, Ima Jean Bostick Date Created 2010-06-30 2010-07-06 Date Copyrighted 2010-06-30 2010-07-06 Format video/wav application/pdf Extent 649 MB 168 KB Medium 1-hour and 56-second audio recording 24-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Joseph Morris and Ima Jean Bostick Yarborough and transcribed by Savannah Vickers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Cochran, Oladel, Letha Fowler, and Arolyn True. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/15199699" target="_blank">A Bicentennial History of Geneva, Florida, 1976</a>. Geneva, Fl: Bicentennial Committee, 1976. "<a href="http://www.lakemaryhistory.org/History.htm" target="_blank">Geneva's History</a>." Geneva Museum, Geneva Historical Society. http://www.lakemaryhistory.org/History.htm. Transcript Morris This is an interview with Ima Jean [Bostick] Yarborough, and this interview is being conducted on November 10, 2011, at the Museum of Seminole County History. The interviewer is Joseph Morris, representing the Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project for the Historical Society of Central Florida. Ma’am, could you tell us about where you were born, and when? Yarborough I was born in Ocala, Florida, on Sanchez Street, August the 2nd, 1935. Morris Okay. And could you tell us a little bit more about where, what kind of environment you grew up in, house, and... Yarborough Yes, this is a two-story home that my mother was living in at the time with her in-laws, and we went back later and purchased the home, but I was around ten years old at that time. So she lived there for about a year and a half with me. This home is still standing. When I go to Ocala on business or pleasure, I go by and look at it, and have wonderful memories there, because it was across the street from a city park called Tuscawilla Park. That was very close to a logging company that was in Ocala at that time, and they used the ponds to float the logs in. So it was a wonderful place for a child to grow up and play. We could fish the pond. We could wade the pond. And there was tennis courts all around that one particular pond, so we just had a wonderful playground right there as we were growing up. That was way before television, and not many radios. Morris Okay, ma’am. The community—was it a very sparse community, or very condensed? Yarborough It’s a large, it was a large community, because that’s very close to Silver Springs, which is a beautiful, a natural spring, and the Seminole Indians were there for quite a while. And there was a big reptile collection [Ross Allen’s Reptile Institute] out there that people could pay to go and visit. That was originally started by a gentleman by the name of Ross Allen, and he played with alligators and milked rattlesnakes for the venom, for medical purposes. So people could go out there and pay to watch all that. It was an entertainment place. But as children we, the city took a bus out each year during the summer, each day, and you could have swimming classes out there. So we were very fortunate to learn to swim early, and enjoyed that particular area. Now it has grown into a home place for horses, especially racehorses and quarter horses. Morris At Silver Springs, ma’am? Yarborough No, Ocala. Morris Okay. Yarborough Yeah, I’m sorry. I didn’t switch right. But Ocala has continually grown out, and it’s quite a large city. Morris Can you tell me more changes that might have occurred from when you were growing up in Ocala and now how it is today? Like what kind—when you go there, what differences stand out to you the most, ma’am? Yarborough More people, [laughs] more people. Of course, everything was centrally located uptown at that time. There was a town square in the center of town, which is still there with a bandshell. At that time, it had a bandshell on it, and a bandshell is used to—for a band to play music while people sit around and enjoy it, like a park atmosphere. There’s a lot of shopping centers, of course. Most towns have those now. But everything was built around that square, and just evolved out from it like a star. Yarborough There’s a lot of horse enthusiasts, and horse breeders and racers up in that country, as I said earlier, now. So they have large statues of horses all around the square at this point. Morris Okay. Yarborough So it’s grown, typically, like every other city in the state of Florida. MorrisAny particular reason the horse training took off in Ocala? Yarborough They’ve got a lot of lime rock up in that area, and that helps to grow very strong grass, and you need good grass for cows and horses. And it was—some people were already growing horses in the area, and they had a race horse that had won one of the very important races, that was raised from that area. So it just, after he won the race, they just started coming to that area to raise their animals and winter their animals. Morris Oh, better climate? Yarborough Better climate. Morris Gotcha, ma’am. How do you feel about the changes that have occurred from when you were growing up to now? Do you—positive, negative changes, anything? How do you feel? Yarborough Oh, I guess most of it’s positive. I want to feel that way. I try to find something positive in everything I encounter. Sometimes it’s harder than others. Morris And any examples of that, ma’am? You knew I was gonna ask. Yarborough [laughs] Oh, goodness. I’ll think on that one and come back. Okay, Joseph? Morris Okay. I’ll keep that in mind. Yarborough We’ll put that at the end. Okay. Morris And so, after that, where have you lived? Have you always lived in Ocala, ma’am? Yarborough My mother went to work, and I lived with my grandmother in Oxford. Morris Okay, we’re back, and we were discussing where you’ve lived over the years, ma’am. Yarborough Yes, Oxford is a little town in Sumter County on the west side of the state, south of Ocala, and that’s where my mother was raised. And I lived the first year before school and the first grade. I lived with my grandmother. And I had a sister, Nadine, who was about three years younger than myself. And back then, we carried our lunch to school in little brown bags or maybe like a little syrup can, whichever you had. But our grandmother always made sure that I had an apple in my lunch every day, and there wasn’t always an apple left for my sister, Nadine, to have when she wanted it, under those particular circumstances. So one morning, Grandmother—we called her Granny, Granny Olberry—was packing my lunch, and my sister, Nadine, asked for an apple, and Granny said, “Nadine, you know that Ima Jean’s got to take that apple for recess.” And Nadine got very disturbed and started crying, and she says, “When I get big and go to school, I’m going to slap recess’s face for taking Ima Jean’s apple.” So that has always been a laugh, a laughing situation in our family. Recess, of course, was time out in school to play outside. Not every kid even knows what recess is, ‘cause now it’s usually called break or gym… Morris P.E. Yarborough Something of that nature. Morris Right, ma’am. What kind of jobs did your family have, and that you had, also, ‘cause I’m... Yarborough Okay, my mother’s people were in the cow business. Her brothers and her dad were. And my mother’s mother passed away at her birth, so she was adopted by the Olberry family and moved to Oxford. And the couple that adopted her were just good old salt-of-the-earth people. Granddaddy was a[sic] what we would call jack-of-all-trades. He was a repairman. He repaired people’s cars. He repaired their equipment that broke down. He repaired their shoes. He just was a good fixer-upper. And of course, Granny stayed at home and canned, and took care of the garden and the family. Morris And what about your... Yarborough My mother worked as—she was in charge of the waiters and waitresses at a big hotel in Ocala. That was her night job. Her day job was cashier for a Piggly Wiggly, which was a strand of grocery stores at that time, that later became Winn Dixie, that we know today. She worked Winn-Dixie for 20-something years. Morris Okay, ma’am, and how come—your grandparents, you said, worked in cattle? Yarborough Yes. Morris But your mother did not? Yarborough No. Morris Did she not have an interest, ma’am, or... Yarborough No, by being adopted out, she wasn’t where the cattle were, so she went straight from school to getting married, and then working at Winn-Dixie and the hotel. Morris Okay, and when did you start working, ma’am? Yarborough I started working as a freshman in high school, and I worked for the Winn-Dixie meat—in the meat department—making hamburger, cutting up chickens, weighing out the meat and wrapping it to go into the case to be sold. And I would work on weekends and at holidays. Morris And how long did you have that job for, ma’am? Yarborough Four years of high school, and about a year afterwards. Morris Okay, and what did you do after high school, ma’am? Yarborough My husband and I got married. Morris Okay. Yarborough And he went into the service, and I went back and worked at Winn-Dixie for a while, ‘til I could go to Oklahoma whenever he was transferred to Oklahoma after basic training. Yarborough But let me go back into when I, how I met Edward [Yarborough]. Morris Okay. Yarborough In October—in fact, October the 26th, 1949, my mother moved to Geneva. She had remarried, and my stepfather was coming down to help his brother work his orange grove and cattle over in the Chuluota area. So we moved to Geneva, because there was a good school there. And Mother went to work at the Piggly Wiggly, which is now the Goodwill store here in Sanford on Palmetto [Avenue]. And at that time we moved into a lovely home, and that afternoon, we had some heavy furniture to be moved. And Miss Pearl Yarborough was the lady who owned the home, and she said that when her son came in, he would help move the furniture for us that afternoon, along with my stepdad. So later on we heard him—what we know now was a cow whip—making a noise coming up the road, and it was my—it was Edward and his uncle coming in from work. And their habit was to crack the cow whip all the way up the lane, and that was just to give them practice, as well as let them—Mr. [W. G.] Kilby’s wife and Edward’s mother know to put dinner on the table. “We’re coming home.” So anyway, that’s how I met Edward. And he had graduated from high school in June of that year, and we were moving in October. So we didn’t begin dating, because I wasn’t old enough to date for another year, year and a half. Morris How old were you at this time, ma’am? Yarborough I was 13. Morris Okay. Yarborough So, he had to wait on me to grow up. [laughs] That’s what he had to do. And he did. But that’s the way I met him. Morris Okay, ma’am. Can you tell us a little more about him, and then the rest of your family? Yarborough Mmmhm. Morris Because I know you mentioned that he was in the service, and that’s why you moved to Oklahoma for a while, ma’am? Yarborough Right, the draft was still very active in 1954. Morris Okay. Yarborough That’s whenever a young man turned 21, he could be drafted into the service for two years. So we had been dating probably three years by that time, and we knew that Edward was going to be drafted in January or February. He wanted to get married so that I could go with him after basic training to wherever he went. So that’s what we did. We got married December the 26th, 1954, and he went to the service in February. And after he had boot training, he was transferred to Little Rock, Arkansas, where I joined him for a couple of weeks, and then we moved everything out to Oklahoma. And we finished his two years out in Lawton, Oklahoma, at Fort Sill, and then came home, and he went back to work for his uncle, W. G. Kilby, on the cattle farm, cattle ranch. And we’ve been there ever since. We raised four children, two girls and two boys, and the two boys have stayed on the ranch. They’ve got side jobs. Bo—or W. E. [Yarborough]—is the oldest boy, and he has a trucking business where he hauls cattle from one market to another out in Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Florida base. He doesn’t do that all year. There’s just certain times of the year that that goes on. Otherwise, he works on the ranch, and he’s got a little place in Alabama, a ranch up there. So he’s back and forth. J. W. [Yarborough]’s stayed here and stayed on the farm all the time, and he’s got a fertilizer business where he puts fertilizer out on large areas, large pastures and groves. So that’s his side job. Otherwise, he’s on the ranch at all times and manages it. Our oldest was Lynn [Yarborough]. She became a learning disability teacher, and has worked in—we’ve had the pleasure of starting three different private schools for learning disability children, through our years. J. W. had quite a learning disability problem whenever he was first started school, and there was none in Seminole County to take care of those problems, so we finally found a wonderful teacher, Mary Dunn, who helped us start PACE School. And the problem J. W. had was seeing upside-down and backwards, and glasses could not help that. You just had to retrain the mind, somehow or another, and it takes a lot of training to get that done. So in the process, as I said earlier, we had started three schools, and we got three wonderful schools. And Lynn has been a teacher. In fact, she retired this past summer. She’s taught 33 years in learning disability. Our youngest daughter, Reba [Yarborough], lives in Sumter County, and her family has cattle over there. So, in Lynn’s retirement, she’s helping the boys on the ranch now. She works with them whenever we mark and brand. And both of the boys’ wives help give shots and some of them, and they ride a little bit too. Yarborough And I’ve got three grandsons: Robert [Yarborough], J. K. [James Kilby Yarborough], and C. W. Yarborough. Morris Are they all from the, have the same parents, or... Yarborough No [laughs]. Morris Which grandkids go with which kids? Yarborough Okay, Bo has a son named Robert. Morris Okay. Yarborough He’s probably 26 now, and he works for the forestry service on Snow Hill Road, and he has a little girl, six years old, Gracie [Yarborough]. And they’re expecting a second child around December the 21st. It’ll be a little boy. Morris Oh, do they have a name picked out already, ma’am? Yarborough They do, but I can’t tell you right now. [laughs] Morris Okay. Yarborough Anyway, they have, then J. W. has two sons, James Kilby, which, who we call J. K. And right now he’s doing his junior year at Gainesville, in college, and a double-A student all the way across, I’m proud to say. Then C. W., who was born with a slight problem similar to his dad’s, and he’s in Bridges Academy now. That’s one of the schools that we started and is doing real well. He’s 15 years old and about 6’2”. He’s a big fellow. Morris Playing football? Yarborough He’s not playing football right now, but he does ranch rodeos. Morris Okay. Yarborough Yeah, he has played football, but prefers the rodeos. Morris I gotcha. Yarborough They’re all interested in 4-H. J. W.’s wife is Francis Yarborough, and she is a teacher, and she is our 4-H leader, also. So we’ve got a wonderful 4-H group out our way, about 43 kids in the group. They show animals at Central Florida Fair every year. Morris And what does the 4-H stand for, ma’am? Yarborough 4-H is to teach the children about agricultural. Head, heart, health, and hands is[sic] the 4 H’s. Morris Ah. Yarborough And they raise steers, pigs, chickens, rabbits, sheep, goats. They also plant gardens. You can do just about anything that you’re interested in through the 4-H program. Morris And how long has the program? Is it like a summer program they do for a certain amount of time? Yarborough No, it’s round-year, year-round. Morris Okay. Yarborough Well, if you’re doing an animal, you don’t have to feed that animal all year, but you do about six months—six to eight months of it—of feeding the animal. Then it goes to the fair, and it’s shown and auctioned off to the highest bidder. And they buy the animals. Some people butcher the animal and eat—has it for food. Some people give it to, like the Methodist Children’s Home, for them to eat, or to the Russell House. We’ve got quite a bit of food like that donated down through the years. Morris Oh, okay. Yarborough Then they get money back to pay for the feed that they put in the animal. Morris And—oh, by the way, thank you very much for the—I got everybody in your family here written down. But the, um—you worked in the cattle industry, correct, ma’am? Yarborough I’m sorry? Morris You worked with the cattle as well, right? Did you start working when you came back from Oklahoma with your husband? Yarborough Oh, yes. Morris Did you go back to Piggly Wiggly for any amount of time, or did you go straight into the cattle industry, and have you stayed there the entire time? Yarborough No, no. I stayed home at that time, because there was[sic] quite a few older people in Ed’s family that needed to be looked after, and the only place to buy groceries back then was Sanford, which was twelve miles from Geneva, so I did the little chauffeuring back and forth of about five different older people in his family, and just helped—helped where I was needed. If we had a garden planted, I always picked the vegetables—helped pick the vegetables and can them. Back then we didn’t have too much running water, so Mondays were wash day. I’d fix a fire under the big old wash pot and heat the water, put it in the washing machine for Edward’s mother to wash clothes. Tuesdays was days to iron. You used your wash water to mop the floors with, being as conservative as we could be with the water. And Wednesdays we did other things around the house, but Mondays was always wash days, and Tuesdays was always iron day. Morris Did you not have indoor plumbing in your house at that time, ma’am? Yarborough We had both. Both. Morris Okay. Yarborough The outdoor was there because that’s what had been there to begin with, but they had put indoor plumbing at Edward’s home about five years before. Morris Okay. Yarborough Before we got married. Morris And when did you get involved with the cattle industry, ma’am? Yarborough With the cattle? Morris Yes, ma’am. Yarborough That was started in our area and in Ed’s family by his grandfather, E. H. Kilby, who came here from Pensacola as a young man, way back in the late 1800s. He stayed with a man by the name of C. S. Lee from Oviedo, lived in his barn and worked orange groves ‘til he got enough money to buy a little piece of land. And then after he got married and had a family of his own, the boys grew up and W. G. [Kilby], his second child, stayed with him, and they hunted hogs, wild hogs, on the St. John’s River area, and would butcher—would feed them out, and butcher them, and take them to the Piggly Wiggly and sell them. And they accumulated enough money to buy some land and buy some cows, by hunting the wild hogs. Then in 1949, Florida passed a law that all the animals had to be fenced in. So up until then, they roamed free, anywhere on the land that was in the area, and of course you wanted to keep them close to the river, because that was where they could get their water, and good grass too. So Mr. Kilby focused on purchasing land adjacent to the St. John’s River, where—so he could have water, as well as grass. And that’s what they did. They had land in Volusia County, and then he came over and bought some from Mr. C. S. Lee, along highway [Florida State Road] 46 and the St. John’s River, bordered by Snow Hill on the west side. And altogether, at one point, we had about 12,000 acres that was under fence. So, a lot of fences to keep up, ‘cause you did them different pastures for the cows to live in, and you’d circulate your cows. You don’t leave them on the same pasture all the time. Morris Okay. Yarborough So that’s just part of the, part of the way you work cattle. Morris And why would you rotate the cattle to different fenced areas, ma’am? Yarborough Well, they eat the grass down, and you have to give it time to grow back. And you leave them on that same place too long, they just pull it up by the roots, and then you don’t have any grass at all. Morris Okay. Yarborough So you rotate them about every 28 days. Morris Oh, that frequently? Yarborough Mmhmm. You can leave them a little longer, but just really depends on the weather. [laughs] Everything with farming and ranching depends on the weather. Morris So if it was rainier weather you’d keep them there longer, and drier weather you’d have to move them faster, because the grass wouldn’t grow as much, ma’am? Yarborough That would be safe to say, pretty well. Yeah. But warm nights is really when grass grows. That’s why grass grows so good down here in Florida. But the dirt—the sand is very porous, so you have to really fertilize it, and back then, they didn’t fertilize much. They didn’t know that back then. It was always native grass, but now we’ve got what’s called “improved grass.” So you fertilize the improved grass. The native grass, like on the river, grows on its own, because the river and the high water fertilizes the native grass. Morris And what is improved grass? Yarborough Argentina[sic] Bahia is one, and there’s a Pensacola Bahia, and that’s the two grasses that we use the most in our cattle ranch. Morris Okay, ma’am. Yarborough There’s a lot of different grasses, though, Joe. Morris Right, I just didn’t know if there was native grass in other areas… Yarborough Yes, there is. Morris Or if they had been, like, tinkered with. Yarborough No, we’ve cleaned—down through the years, we’ve cleaned up a lot of land, and made what’s referred to as “improved pastures.” That’s on the higher land. And so, you fertilize these places. We’ve made them into hayfields. Some of them are hayfields, and some of them are just regular pastures. But you always have to fertilize the improved pasture. Morris Okay. Could you tell me a little more about cattle raising, as is? Yarborough All right. We have what’s referred to as cow-calf operation. Morris Okay. Yarborough That means you raise the calf to about between six- and eight-hundred pounds, and then take it to market. Several years ago, we had cattle markets in Ocala, Webster, Kissimmee, Lakeland, and Okeechobee. We also had butcher houses at different parts of the state, but we no longer have but one butcher house, and that’s Center Hill over in Sumter County, close to Bushnell. The Ocala market is still open, and Webster is still open, and Lakeland and Okeechobee are still open. But the market that we would go to every week with our cattle was Kissimmee. That was the closest one to us. That closed about 20 years ago, now. So now we use mostly Lakeland, but we also—let me back up just a little bit. We lost Edward in the year 2000. Morris Okay, ma’am. Yarborough And there was a little bit of changing in the way that we do our cattle. As I said earlier, W. E. has two trucks that he hauls cattle out west with, so we would take our calves in his semi[-truck]s to markets out in Texas and sell them. And we continue to do that today. We had done that a little bit before Edward passed away, but not on the big scale, like the boys have changed the operation a little bit. But the cow-calf operation means that you raise a calf and sell it, and breed the cow back. So you buy registered bulls, and put them—and we have a mixed herd. Our main stock are the Brahmas[sic], because they get along so well here in Florida. They’re very tolerable of the mosquitoes and the hot weather and the rain, and such. But we have brought the English breeds in through the years, the Black Angus, and the White-Faced Hereford, and the Charolais, which is a cream-colored cow. And you cross that with the Brahmas[sic], and that makes for a good, good mama cow. Morris Okay. Yarborough So a good breeding cow is pretty good to raise calf for about 12 to 13 years, with good grass and good feed. A bull is probably good for maybe three to—they start breeding at three years, and they’re good for three to five years, so you have to keep bringing in new bulls. Each year, you bring in a certain amount of bulls. One bull can service about 35 cows, so you have to go according to your largest herds, to see how many, to see how large your herd is, to see how many bulls you need. A good bull would cost you between two- and three-thousand dollars. If you buy a bred heifer, which is a young cow, that will cost you between five- and seven-hundred dollars. But, if she has a calf in the next six months or so, then it’ll take six months to get that calf up to—which will put you into a year—that calf will bring back what that mother cost. Meanwhile she’s gotten bred again. Ready to have another calf. And that’s the cycle that you work through. Morris Okay, ma’am. And what would be the size of your herd? You said there’s one bull for every 35 cows, correct? Yarborough Yeah, you want it something pretty close to that. Morris Okay. Yarborough We’ve got about 1,000 head. Morris Okay, ma’am. Are you still using—do you still have the 12,000 acres? Yarborough No. Morris Yes, ma’am. Yarborough Down through the years, for inheritance tax purposes, we’ve had to sell land. We sold everything that we had in Volusia County. And we’ve sold—we sold 9,000 acres to the State of Florida, which has been turned into a game refuge and parks. It’s overflow land that’s not really a buildable property for homes. It’s real low. But an old cow can get along real well on it, so we’ve got 1,400 acres left in the family now. Morris Okay. Yarborough We have leased the 9,000 acres back from the state to use for the cows. We have to pay for that lease, so much an acre, and also keep up the fences and keep up the roads, and there’s a lot of responsibility there. Morris Oh, okay, ma’am. I noticed you mentioned, before that, at one point in time you had this many markets and this many butcher houses. How come that number has decreased over time? Were they personally yours, or were they... Yarborough No. No, no, no. They were, those were the ones that we could take our animals to. They were not ours personally. Kissimmee closed because of the management, and so many people started moving into the area around Kissimmee, and Orlando, and up our way, and the cattle, the little cattle ranches, were just not existent anymore. They were building homes. We could, a farmer could make more—and a rancher could make more selling his land than he could make with the cows on the land. Does that make sense to you, Jeffrey[sic]? Morris It does, ma’am. Yarborough All right. He could sell his land, and at that time put it at interest, which was 12 percent, 8 and 12 percent interest for a number of years, years ago, and could live—could live on that, and not have to work as hard. And the real estate was paying five and six and a whole lot more for land, an acre, see. So they could have that a lot easier. So, numbers were down. Numbers were down, and that’s why markets have to close. Same with the butcher houses. Same, same thing. Morris Okay, ma’am. That makes perfect sense to me, sounds like supply and demand. People kind of got squeezed out with the increase in population. Yarborough That’s right. That’s right. Morris Gotcha, ma’am. Yarborough Now, going back into the ‘50s here in Seminole County, there was about six families that made their living on cattle, all around in Seminole County. Right now—and for the last ten years—there’s three families that make, that make their living on cows. There’s a lot of people that’s got 20 head, or 10 or 20 or 40 or 60, or 150 head of cows, but they do something on the side to make a living. They work in a grocery store, or they’re a mechanic, or something else to help them make a living. But there’s only three families that’s just made their living on the ranch, and that’s the Robert Lee family of Oviedo, Betty [Yarborough] Schlusemeyer, who is Edward’s sister in Geneva, and our ranch, Ed Yarborough Ranches, in Geneva. But they all kind of congregate around the St. John’s River. Remember I said we needed the water? Morris Yes, ma’am, I do. Yarborough So the land adjacent and joins the Econ[fina] Creek and the St. John’s River. All of these three ranches go around into that area. Morris And do the ranches ever, do you communicate with the other ranches often? Yarborough Oh, yes, definitely. Morris In what ways, ma’am? Yarborough Right now, by phone [laughs]. Morris Well, I asked for that. I should have known that was coming, ma’am. Yarborough That’s okay. Morris I meant in what capacity? Is it like a very positive relationship? Do you help each other? Yarborough Yes, yes, definitely. If one group might be marking and branding, and need a little help, or they might be cutting hay, and their tractor’s breaking down, they come over and get our tractor. Or one of our boys will take the tractor and go over and bale for them. And they do the same for us. Morris Okay, so... Yarborough Yeah, it’s a very congenial atmosphere. We have a very active cattlemen’s association [Seminole County Cattlemen’s Association] in the county, and you don’t have to be a cattleman to join it, because everybody wants to—every young boy wants to be a cowboy. [laughs] But nevertheless, this is a group that is also a state group, and we get information from the University of Florida about feed, fertilizer, medicines, and all, that help us raise the cattle to the better level that it is today. Morris So the business has improved over time? Yarborough Very much. Very much. Yes. See, the cows were brought here back in the 1500s by the Spanish people. Morris Mmmhm. Yarborough And they were what we refer to now as “scrub cattle,” because they lived in the scrubs, the woods, and they were all horns and bones. They weren’t very fat. But now we have to put meat on their bones, so the steaks will turn out good. So the taste is there. Morris Yes, ma’am, and I do love a good steak. Do you know where your cattle end up eventually? Do you know if it’s sold in Florida, or... Yarborough We do have that possibility of tracing every cow where it goes to, now. That is fairly new in our particular business world, I’d say five years or so back that all of this started. That is a health precaution, because if you have some tainted meat for some reason or another, it could go back to the owners, to find out if the meat was tainted at the ground level, so to speak, before it was butchered, or at the butcher house, or in transit to the grocery store. Morris Right. You gotta find it. Yarborough So you got to find that, that situation, and so we do have that facility to do now. Morris Do you keep track of where your cattle go? Yarborough Yes. Morris Do you know, do they usually end up—because I know you said they transfer a lot to Texas. Do... Yarborough They do, and they feed them out, out there. Then they get sold again to stores and such. Morris Do they end up all over the place, ma’am? Yarborough All over. All over. Morris Oh, okay. I didn’t know if there was a concentration. Okay. Yarborough No. Morris The Yarborough more cows tend to be in Massachusetts, where they end up in. Yarborough Yep. Morris Okay. Yarborough But we do have buyers. They buy ours sight unseen, because they know from experience that we use the good bulls, and we use the right feed and medicines and everything to keep them well. So they, they even, there’s a group that bids on ours, sight unseen. Morris Is that a good feeling, ma’am? Yarborough That’s a very comfortable feeling. Morris And how long has the family been in this business? How far back does that go? Yarborough Okay. My children—Ed’s and my children—are one, two, three, are fourth, fifth generation. Morris Okay. Yarborough Fifth generation. And the grandchildren, C. W., J. K., and Robert, are next generation. And Gracie and her little brother will be the sixth generation. So, that’s the way it goes. Morris So you’re covered for now? Yarborough Right now. Morris Okay, ma’am. Yarborough It’s like a baseball team, almost, but you got to have help. [laughs] That’s one of the things that I take great pride in, is Edward coming through and working the kids, and working the ranch with the children, and one other man, all the years that they were growing up and all. They had to work hard, and they still do. It’s not an easy life. Morris It doesn’t sound easy, ma’am. Yarborough You don’t get just—close the gate and go on vacation. You have to, you have to stay close by. Morris There’s work involved? Yarborough There’s a lot of work involved. Have you ever dug a fence hole? Morris Yes, ma’am. Yarborough Fence post hole? Morris Yes, ma’am. Yarborough You ever strung barbwire? Morris Barbwire? Yes, ma’am. Yarborough You know what barbwire is? Morris Yes, ma’am. Yarborough Okay. Morris I’m in the military. We have our fair share of sharp pieces of metal that we set up. Yarborough Okay. Well, see, we have to grow our grass for the cows to eat. You got to provide them with water. You got to keep an eye on them, because they get sick just like we do. Morris Yes, okay. So it’s a very family-oriented business. Yarborough Very. Morris Not a lot of outside help, a lot of... Yarborough No, but we got people that we know, that if we need help, we can usually call on them. We have one hired man that works five days a week, so. Morris Okay. Yarborough Of course our boys, C. W.—no, J. W., and Bo—ride through all the time. They’re out there, pretty much. Morris Yeah, it definitely sounds like it can be a tough job. Yarborough It is, but it’s an interesting job. It’s rewarding. It’s rewarding in many ways, Jeff[sic]. You see that when there where the grass starts greening up after you’ve had a hard winter, and the frost has killed it and everything’s brown, and you’re feeding hay every day, and you’re feeding corn, and the ingredients that it takes to make the different types of feed we use, by the bagfuls, and spring starts coming, and the grass starts turning greener. The rains start to come. And you can smile again. But you always know it’s God’s country to begin with. You’re just the caregiver. That’s the attitude that I’ve tried to teach, and firmly believe in. Morris It sounds like it’s done a great job. Yarborough We’ve done well. We’ve been blessed. Morris And, I know you said one of your grandkids is 26, I think—one of the older ones? Yarborough Yes. Morris Will he be working in the cattle industry as well? Yarborough Oh, he helps. Yes. On his days off, it’s, and fortunately, his office is right across the street from our largest set of cow pens where we go in, off of Snow Hill Road. So, he can come over every now and then, and check on things. But on his days off, he can help us. Morris I thought he was a student at... Yarborough No, that’s the second, second one. This is the oldest one. Morris Gotcha. Oh okay, ma’am. Yarborough This is Robert, the oldest one, that works for the forestry unit. Morris Oh, okay. Yarborough And usually Mondays are his days off, because he’ll work weekends. And so, we plan to do a lot of pen work or have him riding on Mondays, when we got Robert a lot of times, ‘cause he’s a, he’s a good, big, strapping boy. Morris I have a question from a while ago. I just didn’t want to interrupt at the time. It was a—actually it goes even farther back, way back quite a ways, actually. You said earlier on that your husband had drafted into the service, correct? Yarborough Correct. Morris And this is in the early ‘50s—1954, I believe. Yarborough Yes, actually, it was ’55. Morris Oh, ’55, okay. Is that, was that a common occurrence at that time? Yarborough It was. Yes, you had the general, the boys, when they turned 21, they had to register. Or might have to register at 18, but they had to go about 21. Morris Definitely you get your draft card at 18, ma’am. That has not changed. Yarborough Oh, it hasn’t? Okay [laughs]. Morris No, I have my draft card. Yarborough Okay, hut he—he had to go. Morris Okay. So most, almost all males at that time... Yarborough Back then, yes. Morris Oh, okay. I didn’t realize that that was still occurring after the end of World War II. Yarborough Yes. Morris Okay, I just wanted to make that clear. I didn’t know if there was an exception for him, if it was a... Yarborough No, no. In fact, they did make exceptions. It’s called hardship [exemption]. If a family did not, did—a lot of agriculture families did get excused, because they needed the boys on the farms. Morris Couldn’t afford it. Oh, okay, ma’am. But that family could, or he chose to do it regardless of... Yarborough Well, no, he, they didn’t give him a choice. [laughs] Morris Oh. Oh, the military. Okay, ma’am. I’d like to do some more general questions about your life. Yarborough lease. Morris Do you have any, any stories or childhood memories that come to mind, that you’d like to share—have recorded, ma’am? Anything that you find hilarious, or that was really important during your life as you were growing up, or even past that? Yarborough I was very—I have always felt I was very blessed having people in my life that would take the patience to teach me many of the things they had learned in life—older people. And my mother working, as I said earlier, I stayed with my grandmother in Oxford. I also had the opportunity to stay with a great-aunt on my mother’s side, Grace Bevel, in Bushnell. She never had children, but she accepted me as hers, and Mother let me stay with her quite a bit in my younger years. And she was a very—she was a learned person, and most willing to teach me how to crochet, how to cook, how to be good to others, and a lot of Bible verses, and rhymes. Because in her day, a lot of the teaching was done by voice, from one to the other, and singing it or either telling the stories is where doing it like the history and such. But she taught by repeating rhymes and songs and things. And states and capitals, multiplication tables. There was a railroad track right next to her house, and we had to—for me to get to play on the railroad track, between trains, I had to learn to spell certain words, big hard words, and then I could go over and walk the railroad tracks. Morris Okay. Yarborough And that was—like I said, we didn’t have TVs or radios, back then. We invented our own playtime and playthings. But I had Aunt Grace, and I had Granny Olberry, and my mom. Those were the close ladies in my life until we moved to Geneva, and then Edward had an aunt, Catherine Kilby, who was his Uncle W. G.’s wife. They had no children, neither. But she took a liking to me, and was just like a mother in teaching me, because she too was a schoolteacher. And then Edward’s mother, Pearl Yarborough, was like a mother to me. We called her Mama Pearl, especially whenever the children started coming. Ed and I were married four years before we had any children, because we didn’t want to live in the house with his folks and raise children. So we waited ‘til we accumulated enough money to build a house, and we were given the piece of property by Mr. Kilby to build right there between his mother and him. They put the young couple there to help the older people, is what I was told. [laughs] And we did. We worked together beautifully as a family. But go ahead. Morris Oh, I was going to say, are there any historical events, even international or domestic? Yarborough I remember the day that that Second World War was declared. I had broken my arm. I was in the third grade, doing something very foolish—the seesaws. The seesaws at school were built up about three feet high, and the boards were about twelve foot long. And I was acting like Tarzan. I was standing up on one end, and there was five girls on the other, and they would bounce me up. They would hit the ground hard with their end, bounce me up, and I’d come down, and supposed to hit the board. And I was pretty good at it, ‘til I fell one morning and broke my arm, my shoulder, right in the shoulder. And the doctors wanted to remove my arm because gangrene set in. They could not set it. At that time, Second World War was going on. Morris Okay. Yarborough And all the good doctors had been taken to war, so it was just a group of older doctors in Ocala. No surgeons, and my mother was pregnant with my third sister. And she just begged the doctor not to, not to take my arm off. Girls couldn’t get along without an arm. And this is—this will show you how God works. God sent up a surgeon home to Ocala, Dr. Davis, and he was home for two weeks, because they were going to ship him overseas. And Mother’s Dr. Ferguson heard that he was home, and he called him up and told him about my arm, and he said that, told him that we’re going to have to cut it off, unless he thought he could do something. He said that he didn’t have any idea what to do, but he would try. So they fashioned some type of plate to fit around the bone, because it was broken in the joint, so to speak, where the arm joints the shoulder. And it had four screws in this plate, and the operation took six hours. And that was a long operation, back then, especially. And they said I could use that plate for about a year, but then they’d have to go in there and take it out, because my bone would still be growing, and they, it wouldn’t stay properly. But it would probably never be a working arm. But, during all of this, Mother had had the baby, and she stayed home with me, and they didn’t have physical therapy that much back then, but Mother would rub this arm and exercise it, and I wasn’t let ride a bicycle, or skate, and I was a very active sports person. But today I have use of my arm. Morris That’s fantastic, ma’am. Yarborough Because of the doctors. And they did the surgery the next year, took the plate out, and I’ve got about a 14 inch scar on the arm that doesn’t bother me a bit to show. I’m proud to have the arm. But that’s, two of them—oh, and to getting back. I’m regressing. During this time, I said I remember the day that they... Morris World War II. Yarborough World War [II] was declared. I remember reading in the Bible, as a youngster, that God said He would destroy the earth the next time by fire. The first time He destroyed the earth by water. Morris Yes, ma’am. Yarborough And they talked about the atomic bomb. Maybe it wasn’t war declared. It was when they did the, dropped the atomic bomb. Morris At the end of the war. Yarborough Yes, whenever they did that, I said, “Well, that’s what’s going to have a part in God’s next coming, is the atomic bomb.” That was just my mental perception. Morris That stuck out to you? Yarborough Yes, yes. Morris Okay. Yarborough But that could have changed my whole life, too. I could have lost my arm on that deal, had Dr. Davis not come home. Morris That’s definitely a memory that would have stuck with me too, ma’am. Do you—we’re about to wrap up. Do you have anything you’d like to share before we go, ma’am? Anything that you feel that we overlooked or bypassed? Yarborough I think you’ve done a marvelous job, Jeff[sic]. I just feel it a great privilege to have had the opportunity to grow up in the little community of Geneva. Geneva is made up of a lot of older people that have retired from businesses, but they are willing to work with youngsters down through the years, through the school systems and the different community groups that we have out there, through the homemakers and the 4-H, and through the [Rural] Heritage Center and churches. I just feel very fortunate to have been put there for a reason, and I’ve tried to repay it in every way that I could by working with the youth as much as I can, all through the years. So I feel very blessed to have been there. Morris Thank you very much, ma’am, for coming in today. Yarborough Thank you. Coverage Geneva, Florida Oxford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida Tuscawilla Park, Ocala, Florida Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/show/3671" target="_blank">Oral History of Ima Jean Bostick Yarborough</a> 4-H agriculture Argentine Bahia atomic bombs Betty Schlusemeyer Betty Yarborough Bevel, Grace Black Angus Bo Yarborough Brahman Bridges Academy bulls Bushnell butcher house butcher houses C. S. Lee C. W. Yarborough Catherine Kilby cattle cattle breeding cattle ranch cattle ranches Center Hill Central Florida Fair Charles Simeon Lee Charolais Chuluota conscription cow-calf operations cows Davis E. H. Kilby Econfina Creek Edward Yarborough Ferguson fertilizers Florida State Road 46 Fort Sill Francis Yarborough Geneva Goodwill Grace Bevel Grace Yarborough Gracie Yarborough Historical Society of Central Florida horses Ima Jean Bostick Ima Jean Yarborough improved grass improved grasses improved pastures J. K. Kilby J. W. Yarborough James Kilby Joe Morris Joseph Morris Kissimmee learning disabilities learning disability Lee, Robert Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Little Rock, Arkansas Lynn Yarborough Mary Dunn Methodist's Children's Home military drafts Morris, Joseph Museum of Seminole County History native grass native grasses Ocala Oklahoma Lawton Olberry Oviedo Oxford PACE School Palmetto Avenue pastures Pearl Yarborough Pensacola Pensacola Bahia Piggly Wiggly Reba Yarborough Robert Lee Robert Yarborough Ross Allen Ross Allen's Reptile Institute Rural Heritage Center Russell House Sanchez Avenue Sanchez Street Sanford Seminole County Seminole County Cattlemen's Association Silver Springs Snow Hill snow Hill Road special education SR 46 St. Johns River Sumter County Tuscawilla Park University of Florida Vickers, Savannah Volusia County W. E. Yarborough W. G. Kilby White-Faced Heifer Winn-Dixie World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/cd78f4769e8e45b85bf170fe15b385fe.mp3 036b6fb8889d3948ab83bbc221626ffd https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fb392c0b83df25923e43be9519172c45.pdf 5309e3142adec2c181f0860cfedd036d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection Alternative Title Linda McKnight Batman Collection Subject Ocala (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Port Tampa (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Titusville (Fla.) Zellwood (Fla.) Description Collection of oral histories depicting the history of Seminole County, Florida. The project was funded by Linda McKnight Batman, a former teacher, historian, and Vice President of the State of Florida Commission on Ethics. Language eng Type Collection Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Museum of Seminole County History, and University of Central Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/744676869" target="_blank">Researcher's Guide to Seminole County Oral Histories: Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project</a>. [Sanford, Fla.]: Museum of Seminole County History, 2010. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> Coverage Seminole County, Florida Ocala, Florida Oviedo, Florida Port Tampa, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida Titusville, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Morris, Joseph Interviewee Clonts, Rex, Jr. Location Rex Clonts, Jr.'s home in Florida Bit Rate/Frequency 1411kpbs Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Rex Clonts, Jr. Alternative Title Oral History, Clonts Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Celery Agriculture--Florida Zellwood (Fla.) Citrus--Florida Cattle--Florida Ants--United States Description An oral history of Rex Clonts, Jr., conducted by Joseph Morris on November 2, 2011. Clonts was born in Orlando, Florida, but he was raised in Oviedo. In the interview, Clonts discusses his family's work in agriculture, celery farming, how Oviedo has changed over time, the effect of Walt Disney World and the University of Central Florida (UCF) on the region, the citrus and cattle industries, the relationship between the Oviedo community and the Naval Air Station Sanford (NAS Sanford), and fire ants in Florida. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:40 Family background in agriculture 0:11:32 Celery farming 0:12:06 RECORDING CUTS OFF 0:12:07 Celery farming 0:20:23 Bleaching celery 0:25:34 Childhood memories of mules 0:29:13 Working in the fields 0:31:01 How Oviedo has changed over time 0:33:13 Arrival of Walt Disney World and the University of Central Florida 0:38:11 Evolution of the citrus industry 0:42:27 Central Florida weather 0:43:28 Cattle industry 0:45:19 College education 0:45:46 Plane crash near Oviedo High School 0:48:58 Relationship between the Oviedo community and the Sanford Naval Training Center 0:50:40 Fire ants in Florida 0:55:06 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Rex Clonts, Jr. Interview conducted by Joseph Morris at Clonts' home in Florida. Type Sound Source Original 55-minute and 16-second oral history: Clonts, Rex, Jr. Interviewed by Joseph Morris. November 2, 2011. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/123" target="_blank">Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Oviedo, Florida Zellwood, Florida Black Hammock, Oviedo, Florida Mitchell Hammock, Oviedo, Florida Oviedo High School, Oviedo, Florida Naval Air Station Sanford, Sanford, Florida Creator Morris, Joseph Clonts, Rex, Jr. Date Created 2011-11-02 Date Modified 2014-09-09 Date Copyrighted 2011-11-02 Format audio/wav application/pdf Extent 557 MB 151 KB Medium 55-minute and 16-second audio recording 18-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Joseph Morris. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. Transcript Morris It is November 2, 2011, and I'm talking to Rex Clonts[, Jr.] at his residence. I am Joseph Morris, representing the Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project for the Historical Society of Central Florida. Mr. Clonts, could you tell us a little about your life? Clonts Well, I was born in 1949 in the hospital, in Orange Memorial Hospital in Orlando, to Rex Clonts, Sr., my dad, and my mother, Thelma Lee Clonts. I'm gonna talk a little bit about their life, if that's okay. Morris Perfect, sir. Clonts My dad came to Oviedo riding in the lap of his mother—he was one year old, age of one—in a Model A Ford, from north Georgia in 1937, I believe. And my mother was born here on Lake Charm in Oviedo. They both passed on rather recently. They—so, basically, both lifelong residents of Oviedo. And after the war [World War II] they married, and I'm the oldest of their five children. Four of us still live right here in Seminole County, and have one sister who lives in Cartersville, Georgia. Morris What kind of jobs did your parents do while they lived in Oviedo, sir? Clonts Their families were in agriculture. Oh, let me start over. Let me start back just a little bit. My mother's family had—her grandfather had moved down here in the 1880s, and her father—my grandfather—C. S. Lee, was born here on Lake Charm in Oviedo. And his dad was in agriculture, taking care of citrus trees. And so my grandfather was always in the citrus, vegetable, and cattle business. And so my mother was familiar with all those endeavors coming up, and it was natural that she married a farmer—my father. His father also had begun farming shortly after arriving in Oviedo. Morris Same type of farming, sir? Clonts Both of them were vegetable farmers growing celery. Morris Okay, sir. Clonts They grew some other crops from time to time, but specialized in celery farming. And so—growing up here—that's what my family did. We had some orange groves, but the majority of the family focus was on the vegetable farming operation. C. R. Clonts Associated Growers was the company that my grandfather started in the early 1940s, and at one time we farmed over 200 acres of celery right here in eastern Seminole County-Oviedo area. You got a mosquito on your cheek. Got him. Morris Thank you, sir. Clonts Celery farming was extremely profitable, lucrative during the early '30s and '40s. Sort of the heyday of the Oviedo celery industry. So their timing was good. But over—after the war, when all the boys came home from the war, and a lot more celery was being grown in the United States, markets went down. Prices went down. The small farms here in Oviedo weren't as easy to operate—weren't as efficient. And so my father and grandfather purchased land in Zellwood—in the Zellwood muck area on Lake Apopka. And they did that in anticipation of needing to be having a more modern, large, contiguous farm. So they purchased that in the year I was born, in 1949. So when I grew up, we were farming both places. My father was farming both—multiple small farms here around Oviedo—Black Hammock, Mitchell Hammock, the Slavia area—and we were raising vegetables at our Zellwood farm. And that was 650 acres. And as a child, I remember going over, and every year they would clear up another portion of that farm. So they started by farming just 40 acres, and then over about another 10 or 12 years, they cleared the rest of it so that they could farm all 650 acres over there. When I went off to college, I specifically—I went to school so that I wouldn't be a farmer. I could have stayed home and been a farmer. So I was planning on working in the business world, and just before I graduated realized the one business I could control was coming back here, taking over the family farm. And so I came back and joined actively working full-time in 1971, when I got out of college. And I moved over to Apopka and ran that Zellwood farm. We grew celery, lettuce, carrots, sweet corn, occasionally onions and parsley—several crops over the years, but the staple was always celery, sweet corn, and carrots. And in about 1978, we closed down our last Oviedo farm. Up until that time, we'd been farming both places, but we closed that down, and the last farm land that we were actively farming is now—is in Mitchell Hammock—is now a sod farm along Mitchell Hammock in between Mitchell Hammock and Chapman Roads. So, no longer used for vegetables. Family still owns the land, but we don't farm vegetables anymore. Morris Okay, sir. So your family's no longer in the farming business, but they were in the farming business up until 1978? Clonts Well, we still were in business here in several ways. We always had orange groves here. Morris Okay, sir. Clonts And we have cattle ranches. Morris Those were my follow-up questions. Clonts Yeah. You know, you'd find most people that had been multi-generational in the vegetable business in Central Florida also have had orange groves and cattle, because the three just naturally go together here. And you can, if you're successful in one, you're able to be successful in the other, usually. Morris How come they go together like that, sir? Clonts Well, vegetables are very seasonal, so, you know, you've got a fall crop and a spring crop, but you got time on your hands during the other portions of the year. So orange grove tends to be more year-round work, but is not as intensive as vegetable farming, so you can sort of work the two together. And then if you've been successful in the vegetable business, usually you reinvest in land, and very often the best use for that land is cattle. Only certain types of land are good vegetable land, but cattle you can graze just about anywhere in Central Florida. Morris Okay, sir. Could you give us a little insight into how you grow vegetables—celery in particular, citrus in particular—like the methods of how you would go about it? Clonts Celery's, in nature, celery grows, um—stop it. Morris Sure thing, sir. Morris Okay, sir. Would you like to continue? Clonts Yeah. Celery in Central Florida is—the seed is planted in the fall, and it’s planted in seed beds so that you can grow a large number of plants in a small, controlled area. You can herbicide them. You can control the irrigation. And as those seeds—because celery seeds are a very difficult seed to sprout. It’s not much larger than a large fleck of pepper, and takes a long time to germinate to get any substantial size, and so we would start planting seed in August. But because that seed is so tender, we would oftentimes cover those plants. First of all, laid burlap out as soon as you rolled the seed down out on the ground, and let the seed actually germinate under the burlap where it would be cooler and moister. You kept the ground moist with subsurface irrigation, and actually surface irrigation between the beds to keep that environment just right for those little seeds to germinate. And then you would remove the sacks after the green—after the seeds germinated and started to show the first leaves. And we would grow them in the seed bed for about four months, and then we would transplant those plants, pull them up by the root, knock the majority of the dirt off the root, and pack them in boxes, take them to the production field. And we used a New Holland transplanter, which is a fairly simple machine that, as it’s pulled through the field, opens up a furrow, and it has a wheel with a set of fingers on it, and you can put the plants one at a time in the notches in the wheel, and as it goes around and puts the root in that furrow, it releases that plant. And we would have a bank of six of these wheels on the back of a tractor-drawn machine, and go through the field and transplant—we called it “setting”—the celery plants in the field. And from that point, they got immediately irrigated with overhead irrigation so that the ground got packed good[sic] around the roots, and they got a good start. Then it took anywhere from 75 to 90—and if the weather was cold, maybe 100—days to produce that crop. So growing celery’s four months in the seed bed, and three months in the field. It’s a long cycle, especially when you consider that in the off-time you’re having. Someone usually would gather seed from an arid region like Utah or California. Had our seed grown. So between the production of seed and the planting of seed and the growing of the crop, was just about a year-round endeavor. And we did all our harvesting in March, April, May, and June. Morris Why did you transplant it from the seed bed to the production area? What was the difference between—is it soil? Clonts No. Well, yes. It did happen to be different soil, but you could take ten acres of seed beds and grow enough plants for 200 acres of field production, and so was much less expensive to take care of that—to do the fungicide, and the weeding, and keeping the insects off of it on ten acres. And then you—when you pull those plants and spread them out where they would get to a large stalk, planted them at the right distance apart, you could have 200 acres of celery out of that. You only had three months to take care of that 200 acres. Morris Oh, okay, sir. So it was easier to guard and protect them when they were younger that way? Clonts Yeah, much easier, much less expensive to protect them. The transplanting operation was expensive, but it was not nearly as expensive as it would have been trying to put those plants—to put those seeds directly in the field and take care of them the whole seven months it took to grow that. And you could, also when that—the seed beds—that ten acres that that seed bed was on… Morris Mosquito’s trying to—he’s gone. He’s just scouting you out, sir. Clonts The ten acres that seed beds are on is very—you intensely farm that, and one of the preparations of doing that intense farming—this will keep the mosquitoes out—is that you level that land meticulously. You tried to—you ran a very intricate irrigation system all tile-drained, and you used—your seed bed land was your most prized possession in the celery business. That seed bed—a good seed bed—plot that was the right consistency of soil and the right ability to not only hold moisture, but to get rid of moisture when you had too much rain—to get rid of excessive rainfall—was very important. So celery farmers did a lot of work to try to get their seed bed just perfect and have the right plot of land to do that with. Morris So that was pretty common then, between celery farmers? Clonts Yeah. Every celery farmer in the state had their own seed beds. And now seed—most celery seed or a good portion of it—is grown in greenhouses. It’s grown in plant trays—in the trays of plants in greenhouses. So it’s got much more of a controlled environment to grow in now, than when we were growing them outside. But still the best plants are the ones grown outdoors. It’s just a lot tougher, a lot more work. Morris Okay, sir. Did you ever bleach the plants—whiten them? Clonts That was a practice that kind of came to an end in the mid-1940s. Until then, yes. They took the boards and put down the sides of celery, at least a portion of it, and they would bleach it. I remember them doing that as a child—I shouldn’t say that. I remember them talking about it, but I don’t actually remember seeing it. Morris Okay, sir. But why did they do that? I personally don’t understand. Clonts It was a practice that—I don’t know this for sure—but I think that it allowed celery to be harvested, and stored in root cellars, and carried much longer through the year, than if celery were left green and packed away and stored. You know, a lot of the original celery growers were Upstate New York and Michigan. In the North, when they grew celery, they grew it in the late summer, harvested it, and stored it, and shipped it out little by little during the wintertime. And so people would traditionally take celery, put it in a root cellar back in the—back before refrigeration. And it was very important to try to preserve that as long as you could before so that you had vegetables, and if you stored potatoes, and everything that you harvested in the fall, you stored and ate on it as long as you could. We’re not used to that nowadays. Nowadays you go to a supermarket and they got, you know, just about every vegetable year-round, but that’s just happened in my lifetime. Prior to that and prior to refrigeration in the early part of the 1900s, vegetables were very seasonal. And so you had an excess—you had an abundance at harvest time—you tried to store that as long as you could. And bleached celery would store better than green celery. Morris Okay, sir. Clonts That’s the reason. That’s the long-winded explanation for bleaching. And because it traditionally had been bleached, even after refrigeration came along in the early part of the 1900s, celery was—had always—people were used to eating bleached celery, so that’s the way it was done. That was phased out, and my understanding is that the military, right before World War II, came out with a report that said green celery was better for you than bleached celery—was more nutritious. And that one report was sort of the tipping point. They had been up until then, for the few years before that, they had been growing bleached and unbleached celery, and after that, bleached celery became a thing of the past. Morris Okay. Well, thank you, sir. Clonts All right. That’s the long-winded explanation. It’s kind of like, you know, why did all citrus juice come from a frozen concentrate can a few years ago, and now it’s available in a not-from-concentrate carton in the refrigerated section of the store? It’s sort of the same thing. It’s an evolution of technology and what people are used to. And you can’t—people don’t change their habits overnight. It takes a while. Morris All right. Gotcha, sir. Clonts But all the celery starting in the late ‘40s then, was not bleached celery. Morris Did your—so I’m understanding—well, you didn’t grow it that way, but your father and grandfather each did? Clonts Grandfathers definitely did. Yes. Morris Okay. Well, how, you said earlier that one of the stories you remember—hearing them talk about bleaching the celery. Do you remember any other childhood memories popped into your mind? You know, whether’s[sic] it in agriculture or just at school? Clonts Well, when I was—I do remember my father’s—excuse me—my grandfather’s mules. He had obviously started—mules were used a lot, exclusively in the 1800s, and quite a bit in the early 1900s, because in Oviedo most of this celery farming was grown on muck, and that soft, organic land, the heavy tractors of the day wouldn’t stand up. They’d do fine out here on the sand land, or where they were mostly used in the Midwest, but that muck soil was, you had to have good flotation. And they would even take the mules’ hooves and wrap them in sacks, and tie around the hooves to increase the footprint of the mule so that he wouldn’t bog up as much when he went through the field. And at the end of the day, untied those sacks off the bottom of the mules’ feet. And the next day, if it was still soft and wet out there, they’d retie them. That would keep him from bogging up. He’d only sink three inches instead of sinking eight inches. Morris And the mule accepted this. Clonts The mules accepted it. And you know, back then, if you were going to be a farmer, you had to be able to have a good—you had to know your mules, and be able to train them, and be able to work them. And it was an art to have a good team of mules. So I remember as a kid, the conversation between my dad and my grandfather, where my dad was saying, “What in the world are you doing keeping those mules? You haven’t plowed a field with them in five years now, and we’re not gonna ever use mules again. I don’t know why you’re fooling with them.” And my grandfather saying, “They’re my mules. I can’t just get rid of them.” So until those mules died, which was probably—I was probably six or seven years old—he still had a barn right on the end of Lake Charm at Florida Avenue. Along Florida Avenue there, he had a barn with two mules in it. But I’ve never seen them work the field. I’ve seen pictures. I’ve got pictures of it. In fact, I’ve got pictures of my grandfather with his mule team and his first tractor in the field, and he’s smiling. I think he’s more proud of the mules than he is the tractor. Morris He had two mules? Is that like a normal amount, or... Clonts Oh, well, they generally used a mule team. They generally used two mule teams farming here. Now, I have no idea how many total teams he had, but probably, you know, two or three teams of two. Morris You said your grandfather had worked the fields. Did your father also work as a farmer? Clonts Yeah. Yes. Morris And growing up, did you do the same? Clonts Well, I worked summers, you know, but—so when school got out in the summer, I’d go work with Dad, and work all summer long at the farm. But my dad always told me that, you know, he wanted me to be whatever I wanted to be. You know, don’t—he didn’t expect me to come back to the farm. If I did, it was going to be my decision. He wanted me to make that decision on my own. Morris Okay. Clonts So as I said, when I went off to college, I went so that I wouldn’t be a farmer, but ended up coming back. Morris When you came back, sir, did you work mostly the administrative? Or did you also go back and work the fields as well? Clonts No, I worked the fields. I mean, you know, times had changed, but we had a crew of tractor drivers and—but I was the farm manager. I oversaw not only decisions on what we were gonna plant and where we were gonna plant it, but when the planting times were gonna be, and how we were gonna try to space the crop out, what personnel we needed for packing, and shipping, and selling. Morris Okay, sir. Can you tell us how it’s changed over the years, like Oviedo and the areas you’ve lived in? Since you were growing up, I’m assuming there’s been a lot of changes between then and now. Clonts Well, Oviedo in the 1950s was an agricultural economy. Between the citrus and the vegetables that were grown, the basis for all the economy and all the services here was built around agriculture. That started changing in the late ‘50s, as some of the new equipment that was available had opened up new farming areas in the United States, and competition. For instance, in South Florida, the Belle Glade area opened up, and it was more economical in a lot of ways to grow products down there than it was up here. So, these farms tended to fall on harder times, and the more marginal farms and marginal farmers dropped out, sometimes bought up by other farmers, and sometimes that land was just taken out of production, never to be put in. There was lots of small pockets here in Oviedo that I remember having vegetables in them, that have not have been farmed in thirty years now. Morris Now, that started occurring the ‘50s, you said, sir? Clonts Well, late ‘50s. And with the, you know, two things things happened about the time I started to go to—I graduated from high school and left to go to college. One is [Walt] Disney [World] opened up, and the other is that UCF [University of Central Florida] was established in our backyard here. And Disney really was the beginning of Orlando being a tourist destination. It had been a wintertime destination for a hundred years, almost, but it had not been a year-round tourist destination until [Walt] Disney established Disney World here. UCF, being so close to Oviedo, changed Oviedo in that it brought in not only the teachers, professors, but all of the services that a large university requires, and, of course, the students. And so, it makes Oviedo a little bit more of a bedroom community to that college—doesn’t make it—Oviedo’s not the classic college town, but it is definitely a bedroom community to UCF. My perspective, because I left for college and didn’t come back to Oviedo—I lived in Apopka after that to run that farm, and just moved back fairly recently. I lived in Apopka for 35 years, but had lots of interests here. My family was here so I was, you know, monthly I was in Oviedo. And so I could see Oviedo change without being part of that change, you know, sort of being distanced from that change. Morris Okay. Clonts And really, not easily described, but a very constant growing and getting less and less dependent on agriculture, more and more dependent on the high-tech industries and moderate. You know, medium manufacturing, light manufacturing, and of course, tourism. Morris As a farmer, did you see UCF and Disney World as problematic for your business or for your community in Orlando? Clonts No, no. You know, you don’t try to rail against progress. It is—and you adapt to it. So, our family’s operation adapted as needed to those, and one reason why we closed the Oviedo farms down and just concentrated on our Zellwood operation was because that was the more modern farm of the last part of the 20th century, and the Oviedo farm was the farm of the first half of the 20th century. Morris Okay, sir. And since then both have farms have been closed down, correct, sir? Clonts Yes. We sold our Zellwood farm to the State of Florida as part of a restoration project to clean up Lake Apopka. Morris Okay. And that was 1979? Clonts No. No, we shut that down, sold that in 1998. Morris Oh, okay, sir. And have you been working elsewhere since then, or traveling, or… Clonts Yeah. We had citrus groves, and we expanded those after selling out the vegetable operation, but basically downsized. I said I retired when I sold the vegetable operation, because I work so much less now than I did back then. But I still stay busy and enjoy growing oranges. You know, even the citrus business has evolved. When I was on the outside, I didn’t think the citrus business changed very much in, you know, my whole lifetime. And then once I got involved in it, I realized it is evolving. So it’s an interesting business to be in. I really enjoy it. Morris How has it evolved? Clonts Well, we were, once again, especially around Oviedo, there were lots of small orange groves. You could send a man on a tractor down the road. If your farm was right here, you could send a man out on over to Casselberry or up to Lake Mary on a tractor pulling an implement, have him do work that day, and drive back in the evening to do work on a ten-acre grove. Now, the liability exposure of putting a tractor on the road, you wouldn’t do—you know, you couldn’t make enough money on a ten-acre grove to just cover the liability exposure. So, groves now tend to be large blocks of a hundred acres, 75 to 500 acres. Anything less than that is pretty hard to caretake. Irrigation systems—groves weren’t irrigated except by portable aluminum pipe. In real dry times in the spring, you would hook portable irrigation pipe to a pump and irrigate down that row—and for two or three hours—and you would shut the pump down, move that pipe through the grove, and reassemble it, and water another strip. Now everything is micro-jet, where there’s a sprinkler under every row, under every tree, year-round, a permanent micro-sprinkler. The irrigation’s mostly done by a timer and moisture sensors in the ground so that you don’t—nothing’s ever touched once it’s installed out there. Morris Oh, okay. Because all I ever see of the orange trees, sir, I don’t get to see underneath the ground. I didn’t know what changes had occurred. Clonts They’ve all got a sprinkler underneath them now. Morris Okay. Clonts And we’re planting much closer than we used to. Trees used to be planted on a 25’ x 25’ spacing. Now, generally, you plant on a 12’ x 24’ spacing, so there’s a lot more trees to the acre, and everything’s worked one way down a row instead of two ways, like they used to do it in a grove. Used to be able to drive down two ways. It’s starting to rain. Do you believe that? Morris No. Clonts Did you leave your windows down? Morris No, sir. Clonts Okay. Morris No. It must be that one random cloud, right there. That’s the one catch about Florida. You never know when it’s gonna rain, even with the sunny skies. Clonts Wow. I’m so surprised at that. I can’t—I wouldn’t have thought it’s gonna rain today, as cool as it was this morning. Morris On the plus side, it doesn’t snow randomly. Clonts Nah. Well, not very often. Morris I think I’ve seen it snow in Florida one time. Clonts Yeah. Morris But the snow disappeared before it hit the ground, and that was in the late ‘80s. Clonts Yeah. Morris Have you ever seen it snow in Florida, sir? Clonts Yeah. Yeah, about three different times I’ve seen where snow stayed around. Morris Really? Clonts Yeah, but not—the Christmas freeze of 1983. Snow stayed in shady spots for two days. Morris Wow. Would not have expected that from Florida. Clonts Yeah. Morris You said you still have the citrus industry as the business. Do you still do cattle, or ... Clonts Well, the Clonts family never was in the cattle business, but we owned pasture land. Morris Oh, okay. Clonts And so, we’ve never been involved directly in the cattle business, but we know it well because we’ve always had land that we leased to my cousins and to other cattlemen who ran the cows, kept up the fences, and paid their lease for all that. Morris Okay. Clonts So, was a way of having a ranch that was active cow ranch without having to be hands-on day-to-day in the business. Morris Okay, sir. And I’m assuming that made it a lot easier, then? Clonts Oh, yeah. Basically, you’re just a landowner. In the cow business, we’ve just been a landowner and landlord to the cattlemen. Morris Okay, sir. Clonts And it’s my mother’s brother, Robert Lee, was very involved in the cattle business all his life, so they leased most of our land. Morris Okay, sir. Jumping off subject, you mentioned when you went to college. You were old enough to go to UCF, were you not? Or was UCF ... Clonts I could’ve gone to UCF, and instead I chose to go to University of South Florida down in Tampa. Morris Oh, really? I didn’t even realize that university was as old. Clonts Yep. Morris So you’re a Bulls fan, then? Clonts That’s right. Morris My best friends would love to hear that. I, however, went to Florida State [University]. Clonts Oh, yeah. Well, that’s another good school. Morris It’s a good school. Are there any particular historical events that come to mind, when you think over the course of your life, sir, that stick out? Clonts Hm. You know, thinking back into my childhood, I remember one that was—and I don’t remember what the year was, probably was about 1961 or ’62—a jet aircraft flying a training mission out at what was then Sanford Naval Training Center [Naval Air Station Sanford], crashed just a few hundred feet from the edge of what is now Lawton Elementary School, but it was the Oviedo High School, which had all twelve grades at that time. And being in class, and hearing that crash, and all the flames and all the confusion afterwards. The pilot died in that crash. You know, one of those things you never forget. But I have forgotten the year. [laughs] So I guess I do forget it. Morris Oh, okay. But you remember the event though, right, sir? Clonts I remember the event. Morris What grade were you in at that time? Clonts It seems like I was in about seventh or eighth grade, something like that. Maybe I was younger than that, because my memory’s still pretty fuzzy. But still it was—I remember the confusion. Morris And was it over by the next day? Did you return to classes normally? Clonts Oh, yeah. And, you know, it was the talk of the town for months and months, but things got back to normal fairly quickly—not, you know. Military jets were still, at that time, you know—it was the new technology. Morris Right. Clonts So it wasn’t—we heard jets flying, but, you know, you didn’t see that many jets back then. Morris Unless they crashed right outside your school. Clonts Unless they crashed next to your school. Morris Then it’s hard to miss them. What kind of relationship did the community have with the military—the base—right there? Especially the farmers. Clonts Oh, I think it was a good relationship. You know, Florida was—a lot of people who were in the military during World War II, when they got out, ended up coming back to Florida, because Florida had been such a good place for military bases in the ‘40s. Got the climate where you can train year-round, you know. It’s a whole lot better being stationed on a base in Pensacola than it is in upstate Michigan in the wintertime. So Florida had lots and lots of bases that trained soldiers of all types in the 1940s. As I said, a lot of those people got a taste of Florida, and once they were out of the military, and maybe got married, and—you know, said, “I know where I want to go.” And they moved back to Florida. Morris Can’t blame them. Clonts Nope. It’s been happening ever since. Morris It has, sir. It has. It’s still, I think—it’s still known for its military bases being more preferable to work—train—here. Because you have some of them in Jacksonville, some still down in Tampa. Clonts Sure. Morris Yeah. Is there anything we haven’t covered, discussed today sir, that you wanted to make sure we got to? Clonts No, I didn’t have any agenda, and I don’t think I’ve done a very good interview. I think I’ve done a pretty average job at this. I remember when fire ants had first gotten into Texas—because fire ants are not native to Florida—and, so fire ants in the mid-‘60s were getting into the state from the coastal states, but they had originally come in in Texas and then spread from there, and the [Douglas] DC-3 airplanes would fly on ant bait over the whole state. They would take a grid of eight miles by eight miles, and they would systematically fly at about three or four hundred feet high, dropping ant bait on a hundred percent of the ground surface. Morris Ant bait was ... Clonts Well, the ant bait was to try to kill fire ants that were coming into the state. Obviously was not successful. Morris Obviously. I didn’t even know they weren’t native to Florida. I just kind of figured they were native everywhere. Clonts No. [laughs] They seem like it now. Morris Yeah. Clonts You know, that’s something that I don’t think you’d see happen today. I mean, there’s new pests now coming into the state of Florida, but at the rate of two or three a year. And you know, we’ve got pythons in the Everglades—that the idea of trying to eradicate an insect like that once it’s got established in the state is probably never going to happen again. Morris Probably not, sir. Did that cause any kind of panic or worry with the farmers? If they took it seriously enough to be spraying the entire state to try to get out fire ants? Clonts Well, fire ants had been—fire ants are a pest, but you just learn to live with them. I mean, fire ants can kill a newborn calf if that calf gets born in the field, and the mother cow drops that calf in an ant pile. I mean, fire ants cause damage to livestock right now. They can kill a newborn calf, but that’s not a high rate of mortality, because it doesn’t happen too often, so it’s not something we try to eradicate anymore. But there was a time when there was a very organized war on fire ants. Morris Who organized this war? Clonts Well, it was at the request of citizens, but it was the government and Ag departments [Department of Agriculture], and so on. Morris Okay. When you say fire ants, you’re talking about the red ones? The black ones had already been here, correct? Or did they both come at the same time? Clonts There’s lots of species of native ants here, some of which bite and some which don’t. Morris Okay. Clonts But the fire ant is the one that, you know, when you step in the mound, you just get swarms of them. Morris Right. There’s one in my front yard. Clonts Yeah. I take those out every time I see one. I get the ant bait out and kill it. But I don’t try to eradicate them all over the state. Morris That would be a little extreme, wouldn’t it? But, is there anything else, sir? Clonts No. Morris All right, sir, this has been invaluable. I really appreciate it. Thank you for letting me come over and talk to you today. Clonts You bet. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/cd78f4769e8e45b85bf170fe15b385fe.mp3" target="_blank">Oral History of Rex Clonts, Jr.</a> agriculture ants Apopka Black Hammock C. R. Clonts C. R. Clonts Associated Growers C. S. Lee cattle cattle ranch cattle ranches celery Central Florida Charles Simeon Lee citrus Clonts, Thelma Lee farmers farming fire ants Florida Avenue Historical Society of Central Florida irrigation Joseph Morris Lake Apopka Lake Charm Lawton Elementary School Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Mitchell Hammock mules Museum of Seminole County History NAS Sanford Naval Air Station Sanford OHS orange groves Orange Memorial Hospital oranges orlando Oviedo Oviedo High School Rex Clonts, Jr. Rex Clonts, Sr. Robert Lee Sanford seed bed seed beds Seminole County Slavia Tampa Thelma Lee Thelma Lee Clonts tourism UCF University of Central Florida University of South Florida USF Walt Disney Walt Disney World Walter Elias Disney Zellwood https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3c62ab5226c0162840778fca22563c72.mp3 8b8bac30d1abdbc765005669668d9dcf https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/523e8a6a70e534b3685c4e331f44e28a.pdf 2224edda291f25627abc520209bde702 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection Alternative Title Linda McKnight Batman Collection Subject Ocala (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Port Tampa (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Titusville (Fla.) Zellwood (Fla.) Description Collection of oral histories depicting the history of Seminole County, Florida. The project was funded by Linda McKnight Batman, a former teacher, historian, and Vice President of the State of Florida Commission on Ethics. Language eng Type Collection Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Museum of Seminole County History, and University of Central Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/744676869" target="_blank">Researcher's Guide to Seminole County Oral Histories: Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project</a>. [Sanford, Fla.]: Museum of Seminole County History, 2010. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> Coverage Seminole County, Florida Ocala, Florida Oviedo, Florida Port Tampa, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida Titusville, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Morris, Joseph Interviewee Morgan, Charlie Location <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida Bit Rate/Frequency 1411kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Charlie Morgan Alternative Title Oral History, Morgan Subject Sanford (Fla.) African Americans--Florida Oranges--Florida Citrus--Florida Agriculture--Florida Segregation--Florida Construction Race relations--United States Vietnam War, 1961-1975 Celery Civil rights movements--United States Description An oral history of Charlie Morgan, conducted by Joseph Morris on September 21, 2011. Morgan was born in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1940, but migrated to Bookertown, an African-American community in Sanford, Florida. In the interview, Morgan discusses life in Bookertown, working in the agriculture and construction industries, segregation and race relations in Sanford, moonshine, civil rights, serving in the military during the Vietnam War, how Bookertown and Sanford have changed over time, and Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955). Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction and Bookertown 0:02:26 Working on farms 0:05:24 Segregation in education and sports 0:08:03 Farmers in Georgia 0:11:11 Picking oranges 0:15:08 Working in construction 0:16:12 Parents and sister 0:16:49 Bolita and moonshine 0:18:07 Race relations in Sanford 0:22:49 Personal hygiene 0:24:51 Potbellied stoves 0:27:42 Television 0:29:46 Civil rights 0:33:34 Spirituality in the African-American community 0:34:48 Race and socio-economics 0:36:22 Picking apples and cherries 0:39:40 Military service and the draft 0:55:12 Life after military service 0:56:20 Wife and children 0:56:20 Community involvement and civil rights 1:01:56 Charlie Carson 1:03:41 Plans for the future 1:04:15 How Bookertown and Sanford have changed over time 1:11:15 Mary McLeod Bethune 1:13:48 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Charlie Morgan Interview conducted by Joseph Morris at the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 1-hour, 14-minute, and 22-second oral history: Morgan, Charlie Interviewed by Joseph Morris. September 21, 2011. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/123" target="_blank">Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Albany, Georgia Bookertown, Sanford, Florida Ace Theatre, Sanford, Florida Ritz Theatre, Sanford, Florida Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Vietnam Creator Morris, Joseph Morgan, Charlie Date Created 2011-09-21 Date Modified 2014-09-14 Date Copyrighted 2011-09-21 Format audio/wav application/pdf Extent 750 MB 212 KB Medium 1-hour, 14-minute, and 22-second audio recording 23-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Joseph Morris and Charlie Morgan. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320804616" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Transcript Morris This is an interview with Charlie Morgan. This interview is being conducted on the 21st of September, 2011, at the Museum of Seminole County History. The interviewer is Joseph Morris, representing Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project for the Historical Society of Central Florida. Would you care to tell us about yourself, Charlie Morgan? Morgan Well, I was raised in the Lake Monroe area—a little community called Bookertown. It was established in 1926 by three white men and one black preacher. At that time, we couldn’t live among white people. We lived on the back side of the farms, in the little shanties. We didn’t have doorknobs. We had just a wooden latch to close the door. We were so poor that we didn’t have anything to steal. You had a little one room shack, and you took a sheet and made two rooms out of it. You had a wooden stove. You had to chop wood daily to cook our foods with. We had a little oven in the wood stove, and we had lamplight. We had wooden windows to the little shanty. We had to walk maybe a thousand meters to get water to heat up on the stove so we can take a bath. And we had to carry water for to drink, and water in—we had it in a bucket to keep. And we didn’t have a refrigerator. We had what they called an icebox, where you get about 25, 50 pounds and put it in there. It’ll last about a day and a half, two days, to put our foods on, our perishable foods. So those days we would have to hunt wood. The bottom—the roots of a pine tree, we called it lighter knots. And it’s the sap coming out of the bottom of the wood, and it would burn fast. And that’s what we’d start the fire with. And had oak wood to keep it going. So—and then, our parents would work on the farms, and we thought it was just farms all over the world. It’s just all we knew—farms. You know, we’d need us a cabbage, we’d go out in the backyard and get a cabbage. There’s a field right out there. Corn. And this one white guy was—he was trying to, you know, live a little bit better. He had him a cantaloupe farm. He got me to work with him, and so I worked with him. And he had to go somewhere while I picked the cantaloupes, and when he got back, I gave him the time I had worked. And he didn’t—I knew he didn’t have much money before, from the way he told me. He said, “Oh, no. That’s too much time. Too much time.” I said, “You told me to keep the time.” “Too much money. Too much money.” And I knew that he was trying to make it, like a, you know—but I couldn’t tell him that, because I wanted to make the little money. We wasn’t making that much money. We’d work on the farm, and the kids would get 40 cents an hour, and the ladies would get 50 cents an hour, working on the farm. And the men, if they were driving the tractors and stuff, they’d get 60 cents an hour. So, I wasn’t much of a farm boy. You know, they had okra and cabbage and stuff to cut out. I mean, I could—after they packed the bags, I could throw them on the trucks, something like that. But cutting the okra, you know, I tried to cut it with one hand. That’s the way they used to do it. And I was cutting the tops out the okra. [laughs] He told my mom—said, “Send him home. I won’t have no more okra if he’s cutting all the tops off.” [laughs] So those are some of the things that we went through. And there was a gentleman who we rented the house for $6 month—the standard little shanties. And we’d go up to their house. He had a big, nice house. He had lights in it and all this, and said to myself [?], “They’re rich,” you know. He had—he was a tall, slim, lean white guy, had a big brim hat, and he was—well, we said, “Mr. Buchanan.” We called him “buck-cannon.” “Mr. Buchanan, can we get some of those tangerines?” He said, “Yes. Get you a couple and go.” [laughs] We said, “Okay, thank you!” [laughs] I’d get a—they gettin’ more [inaudible], I got more than a couple. He was looking. He said, “Get along, now! Get along!” [laughs] I guess he didn’t want me to get them all at one time. So those were the days, and then we had—going to school—across the farm was a white school. Well, you know, it was segregation at that time. We had passed the white school walking, and we’d come going over to Bookertown from in the area of the post office. We had walked through there and go through the woods. And they had cows out there, and some time the cows was running, and you had to run through there and through a pass. But they tore down all the woods to build I[nterstate]-4, and so there’s no more evidence of that now. So a black man had probably about 21 or 22 acres. The Briar construction [Briar Team] bought that, and tore down all of those woods, and his intent was to build a complex, but it never materialed[sic] yet. But those were the woods we used to go through, and this black guy had a black baseball park there. People would come from Orlando and Daytona, Apopka. You know, all the black players, you know—we’d get out there. It really wasn’t that good, but, you know, those guys could throw that ball. Some of those guys were Puckwood[?] guys, you know. You know what Puckwood[?] guys are? Morris No, sir. Morgan Well, they cut trees down, and had a certain method. They’d load them onto a truck. Those guys had muscles almost big as my head. You’d get some of those guys to pitching—that ball looking like an asteroid [inaudible] coming. [laughs] I didn’t never want to be a catcher. And I was a young guy, I was about 16 back in 19—was I 16 or 17? Somewhere in there. Morris What year were you born, sir? Morgan 1940. Morris Okay. Morgan Yeah. I was born in Albany, Georgia. My mother brought me down here when I was one year old, you know. That’s when they—most the people would come and they’d tell the other people, ‘cause they wasn’t getting that much money in Georgia. So the white farmers down here were recruiting some of the peoples out there, but not telling the white farmers in Georgia. And what they would do—get their big truck, and they’d be communicating, and they’d come in two or three o’clock in the morning and load up these black people. And the thing was, they said, they’d steal one of the white man[sic] pigs. [laughs] And when they’d get by the white man’s house, said seemed like the old truck put to cranking more than ever, and said they’d hold the pigs off, until he—so he wouldn’t make any noise, and they hit the road. The next morning, white man get up, he don’t have no more help. [laughs] They’re on their way to Florida. They were making more money. Morris Farmers stealing other farmers’ workers? Morgan Help. Yeah. [laughs] Morris Oh, man. Morgan And some of the older guys said, “Well, we can’t go back to Georgia. We stole that white man’s pig.” [laughs] He said, “Now, that many years—the man probably dead now.” [laughs] So they’d get down here, you know—and in Lake Monroe, that’s where a lot of celery, cabbage, and everything, done out there. Sanford was called “Celery City,” because of all the celery. Seventy percent of the celery was grown out there in the Lake Monroe area, and they had the, you know, black workers from Bookertown, Goldsboro, Midway, and Oviedo. They would get big trucks and haul them in, and they’d do the work. And they had pride in their work, you know. When they were planting the celery plants—cabbage plants, anything like that, you know—they would brag about how many thousand they set. You know, that was a big thing. And now, if the white farmer would have a tractor, and they drove that tractor, oh, man, it was like they were riding in a Cadillac. They loved it. They’d go down to the end of the row. I don’t know how they did that. You know, I never was—I never did learn how to drive a tractor. And those guys would get to the end of the row of a field and they would spin that thing around on one wheel and be ready to go down. I just looked at it. It was amazing to me. I never knew how to drive a tractor. [laughs] And then, uh, you know, in the ‘60s, there was a lot of orange picking. Around in this area, there was a lot of oranges. And I tried to pick some oranges, but those thorns was hitting me so hard, and I tried to put it out of my mind, but by the time 11 o’clock, I couldn’t put it out of my mind no longer. Those thorns, they didn’t just tear your shirt all up. You know, it’d be this fight trying to pick those oranges. Morris You’re talking about 11 A.M., sir? Morgan Yeah, 11 A.M. I mean, I’m just trying to pick those oranges. Trying to, you know, get a lot of boxes, you know. Just going, man, but those thorns was hitting me from everywhere. I couldn’t take it no more. I had to rest a little bit. Suck me a few oranges. Morris Did they pay you by the day when you were doing oranges, sir? Or did they pay you by the box? Because you said you were trying to… Morgan Pay you by the box. Morris I see. You were trying to… Morgan Yeah, you were trying to, you know, get a lot of boxes. Morris Gotcha, sir. Morgan And so, I got by my dad one day, and he went out early. He was gonna really make him some money. We had to finish up a grove, and he was there about six o’clock that morning. And he had him a bunch of boxes, a few of them when we got there about nine o’clock. And I said, “I’m gonna get him to work today.” So I got beside him and then went to working, and when we got through with that grove, he didn’t have but one box more than me. He looked—well, he loved the competition. He didn’t want nobody to beat him, especially me, not his son. So, next we went to another grove. So, I said, “I’m gonna have me some fun today.” I put my ladder in the orange time we’d got there, and he throwed[sic] his up there too, and I ran up that ladder—I mean, just literally run up it with my orange sack. And just—I mean, I was just throwing them on through them orange limbs and leaves, with this flying. And he was going at it too. So I got a half a sack, and I went down and dumped them into my little bin. And he looked around. He thought I had a whole sack. He said, “Lord, Jesus!” [laughs] “Lord, Jesus!” There he was. He was picking and picking and I went, I ran up the ladder again, and come down with a half a sack again, enough to—oh, he was really—he was really fighting then. He thought I was really beating him. He said, “Lord, Jesus!” He was picking real fast, and he caught a cramp in his right hand. And he took his left hand, and tried to, you know, unfold it, and the left hand caught a cramp. [laughs] Both of them. Both his hands was all cramped up, and he couldn’t pick. He said, “Well, I’m not gonna kill myself,” and he went down. He had to be careful about holding the rungs of the ladder. And he got 90 cent down there without coming down with a half a sack again. [laughs] He went up that ladder with the cramps. [laughs] Oh, man. He beat me by one box. He beat me. He was not gonna be denied. He wasn’t gonna let his son beat him. Morris How old were you at the time, sir? Morgan I was probably in my twenties, at that time. Morris How long did you pick oranges for? Morgan Just between construction jobs. I worked construction jobs. I started them when I was in high school, because I wanted to make more money. I worked for a guy called B. Edwards[?]. He was on Third Street in Sanford, and he had a stucco crew. And we was doing a lot of stucco out in Sunniland. And I was learning how—starting, you know—some of the guys would teach me how to help those guys they called “plasters.” They would be stuccoing the inside of the house and the outside. And you had to mix the mud with the concrete with a hoe. You didn’t have a mixer then. Morris Oh, okay. Morgan Oh man, my back would be so tired, but I had to survive. It was just me and my mom, then. Morris Your father had passed away, sir? Morgan No. They just weren’t together. Just me and my mom. My sister—she couldn’t take it any longer. She got married and left. She said she wasn’t working on those farms. [laughs] So she went to Jacksonville. She met her husband there, and he was one of these guys—I mean, he was thrifty. I mean, he didn’t mind a little chasin’. He’d sell those numbers, what they called “bolita” I don’t know whether you ever heard about that. Morris No, sir. Morgan They just didn’t do that in Cuba, and they would—you could hear it—Cuba [inaudible]. They knew they was doing that stuff. But it was supposed to be illegal here, but you had the police department, everything, you know. You didn’t give them a tip, then they’d carry you to jail. But so, they’d come by, and you’d give them their tip, they’d go head on. The same as they would with moonshine. They’d make moonshine in the woods out there, Bookertown. And you didn’t get the police. The chief, you know, he would come in and get you. And then the Feds come around. They didn’t want the Feds to know that they was getting money on nothing. They’d let you know when the Feds comin’. And they would let you have a little bit of moonshine, there, then they’d come in and confiscate with the Feds and, you know, make the Feds think they’re doing their jobs. When the Feds leave, they’d bring you up there, they’d take you and your moonshine back out there. [laughs] Oh, man, it was a lot of things and all[?]. And we loved it. We’d go to town maybe once or twice a week. And we’d walk to town. It was fun for us. We didn’t mind walking it. From Lake Monroe, we’d walk down [State Road] 46 all the way into Sanford. And we walkin’ and talkin’. And there was a movie called the Ace Theatre. It’s a vacant lot there on Third [Street] in Sanford Avenue. I don’t know have you been by there. But anyway, that vacant lot was where that Ace Theatre was. That was for black people. And the Ritz Theatre was for white people. The white people sat downstairs, but they wouldn’t let the black people go upstairs. You know how kids is[sic]. They’d go, you know—white kids would yell something, and black folks would throw some popcorn on them or else our drink. [laughs] And then, they had a—one of these—had a black guy that was supposed to be in control of the black kids and so, if he’d catch you doing that, then he’d put you out the movie. So, you know, I guess they was kinda integrating a little bit. [laughs] And then we, you know—if we’d be uptown on Saturday, oh man, we’d come up and see the streets and everything, I mean, oh, it was—we was glad to see uptown, you know. We’d go up and go to the ice cream parlor, and get some ice cream. But if you want a hamburger or something, you have to go to a window with a hole cut in it, and you couldn’t go inside there, you know. Only the white people could go inside. And we’d get a hamburger. They just seemed like they was some good-tasting hamburgers. [laughs] But that’s the way it was. And the later years, you know—I think it was 1959 or ‘60, somewhere in there, the black kids said, “We want to integrate this[?].” And they’d go out down to the [Sanford] Civic Center. They didn’t like the black people going to Sanford Civic Center there. And so, they went in anyway. They called the police, and they go in and run the black people out of there. And they—one of my friends—he’s a professor now in Atlanta—he said, “I will return!” He sounded like General [Douglas] MacArthur. “I will return!” And they did return, and there the police was[sic] too. You know, they didn’t—as far as I know, they didn’t beat them up or nothin’. But they tried to keep them out, and they kept protesting ‘til they built a little center over in Goldsboro called the Boys & Girls Club. I don’t know whether you know where that is or not. But they got that for the black people, but the black people still wanted to go downtown, too. [laughs] They originally wasn’t letting the black people go downtown. And you couldn’t drink out of a fountain that a white person drank out of. You know, you drank out that fountain, if that fountain said “white only”—oh man. Once on Park Avenue, a black guy—he was gonna drink out that white fountain anyway. He drank that, and it was something like a little service station. They had a drink box with the water on the side. He came out with his rifle and hit that black guy—the little young—probably about 17, 18—hit him in the mouth with that rifle and knocked a few teeth out, and he said that fountain was contaminated. Morris Ugh. Morgan “That’s contaminated! You contaminated it—that fountain!” So, same way it was with the outhouse. You couldn’t go in there if it had “white only.” Morris You can “contaminate” an outhouse? It’s contaminated anyway. Morgan Yeah, you contaminate that outhouse if a black person go in there. White man wouldn’t wanna go back in there no more. He probably scrub it and scrub it. He probably get a black person in there. Scrub it with some bleach. Morgan Well—and then they had what they called “octagon soap.” You would—you’d kill a hog and get the grease, and put lye in there, and you would cook this grease. And I don’t know what all they put in there, but they had it on a big, round, black pot. And it cooks a long time, maybe putting wood up under there, cooking it. And when it’d get cold, be in big cakes, and you’d cut out chunks for soap. Some of us bathed with this. Oh man, you’d be—with that lye in it, it wasn’t too good. [laughs] Morris You’ve had better soap, sir? Morgan Oh, yes, I’ve had far better soap than that. But back then, you just didn’t know. And then, you know, we used to bathe in a big tub, you know, tin tub. You didn’t have bathrooms. You’d get in this bath, in this thing, put some wood in the stove and heat up some water. And I was a little boy. My sister used to bathe me. And it was cold, man, and I was in that tub and I just kept moving, you know, ‘cause it was cold, and she was bathing me, and the warm water’s all right, but the house was cold. Didn’t have a—you could see the studs in the wall holding the house up. And then they’d get cardboard from the railroad, where that old icehouse used to be. That’s where everything was shipped out from. They’d throw the cardboard out, and we’d get it, put it in there for drywall. You know, like they do for drywall. Until the rats eat it up, then we had to get some more. So, then, sometimes we had these potbellied stoves to keep warm with in the wintertime. This root of the pine tree was full of sap, and it was easy to get started—to put the oak wood on there. And we’d put it in there—it was cold. I got up and we’d have about five or six quilts on there trying to stay warm, and I put too much of that fat lighter in there. And man, we had a stove pipe, you know, that comes up and then goes out the wall of the house. And man, that’s— the pressure couldn’t get out quick enough of that old stove. It was really red. You could see—was glowing, man. And when it got too much for the old stove, it was coming up off the floor, you know. It was, “woof, woof, woof.” The feet was actually leaving the floor. And then the stove pipes come off. Oh man, we had to scuffle to try to get some rags and put the stove pipe back on there. The whole house was about to catch a-fire. It would have burned down about two minutes if we hadn’t a got it started. And so, we got them put back on there. So, we didn’t put that much in there before. That taught us a lesson. So, in 1960, I was tired of cutting wood. I told my mom, I said, “Mom, I’m not cutting wood no more.” Because the stove—the wood stove—had went bad. After cooking on it so long, where you put the wood in—in the wood stove had been—well, maybe, I don’t know what you call it—rotted away, something. And it fell back on some bread we had in the oven. Ashes all over itself. Said, “Throw that away,” and then we cooked some bread on top of the stove. And I said, “Mom, I’m not cutting any more wood.” I was working a little bit then. I said, “We gonna get a gas stove.” She said, “Oh, no! Oh, no! That food won’t taste right with no gas stove.” [laughs] I said, “Mama, I ain’t choppin’ no more wood.” [laughs] I finally got her to get a gas stove. We got the gas stove. We didn’t have a TV. So we finally got a TV in 1953. And we was the last people living in the little quarters. They ran some poles down there, and brought electric down there too. And we got a TV. Oh, man. I felt we had something when we had that TV. That was something. We said, “Oh, yeah. We got a TV now.” Yeah. We loved to watch The Lone Ranger and Tonto. That’s—oh, man. We’d get brooms and, you know, we’d be Lone Ranger, we’d be riding those brooms. [laughs] But we didn’t know how poor we was, and it didn’t bother us. We just adapted to the situation. Made the best of it, and kept moving. Not that we didn’t try to prepare for a better future, but we didn’t have time to worry about how poor we are. Our mind was on the future. And a lot of us did live a little bit better. And I lived a little better. I worked hard. And it wasn’t a problem—working hard—because you knew where you wanted to go, what you wanted to do. And that’s what stayed on our mind. Not that we wasn’t getting that much. But we punished this body. It was the mind that we were thinking about. We didn’t worry about maybe our children can do better. This is what we were concerned about. Then, we were taught, not—I know the people I knew—not to hate nobody[sic]. So we in charge of ourselves. Even though we’d been oppressed, we’re not gonna worry about the people oppressing us. We gonna do what we know to do, and keep going. Somebody will see our problem. And just like, back in the Northern states, it was more people, you know, integrated than it was in the South. So, they was having problems, and this white lady named Mary [White] Overton—she got with the black people in the NAACP [National Association for the Advancement of Colored People], ‘cause they had a movement called the Niagara Movement with the other blacks, so they can be treated better, you know. Because a lot of black people were being hung lately, in 1909. So, they named after Mary Overton, got it in folk [inaudible] form for the blacks and they called it the NAACP, National Advancement[sic] for the Advancement of Colored People. And so, all those, that’s what started the civil rights advocates came in, Martin Luther King[, Jr.] Ralph Abernathy, Jesse Jackson—a lot of those guys, you know, fighting for freedom in a lot of places. And most people resisted change. And so the white people didn’t like—clearly, said, “It’s not time to change.” And black people coming out there. And the police, they didn’t like that either. They’d get the dogs, sic the dogs on you. They’d be biting you. They’d run the fire hose on you, and slide you down the street—that fire hose. [laughs] And so, you know, sometimes you have to suffer through things to get better. So, if you didn’t accept things just the way they are, and don’t fight for it, sometimes you gonna—some people gonna die, and some gonna get hurt, but you got to resist being treated bad. And don’t think of hating nobody. You think of giving them all the love you can. That’s loving them so they can’t do you no wrong. [laughs] And so, with that attitude, there was a change in heart and a lot of white people, they were seeing what was wrong. It’s a lot of white people didn’t like the way blacks was treated. It’s a lot of them. But they couldn’t do it, because the government had this thing set up. So the people in high echelons could get rich, and they kept all the black and white people fighting while they got all the money. And we knew that, because a lot of white people helped black people back then. But they had to be careful how they did it. They had to do it undercover, because it’s some white people didn’t like it either. They would come beat them up, because they would call you a n—well, a[sic] “N”-lover. [laughs] Morris Gotcha, sir. Morgan So these are some of the things that people have to think, and mostly where we come through was the spiritual thing. We believed in Him—God—and we trusted Him, what the Bible say, and stuck with it. And, just like they said—they always tell you—prayer changes things. And it does. I had experiences. Prayer changes things. You don’t do evil for evil. Some people, you know—some people don’t know that they’re doing wrong until they’re proven that they’re doing wrong. Only thing people was[sic], you know, having a hard time. They was looking out for number one—their family. Said, “The heck with you! My family got to be all right.” [laughs] But then some people looked at that better. Said, “Well, I can be better.” And they can, too. But then, the way the world is, and the way the governments do it all over the world, they want somebody to be on the little—on the totem pole below them, so they can take care of those that greedy after that money. So somebody have to work, and go through these things. Well, the blacks was the low on the totem pole at that time. They’d bring some Puerto Ricans, and some people from Bahamas, different islands and stuff, and they’d work and they’d get them together some crops. But then when so many minorities start coming in, then the blacks started getting moved up a little bit, and so they had to be the one that worked, just like the Mexicans and the Puerto Ricans now, you know. They mostly be picking our oranges and picking their apples in New York. ‘Cause those apple and cherry farmers would have black people a long time ago picking their apples. You go up there and, oh man, well, you making a lot of money up there, more than they was up here. That was big money, you know. I’ve picked some apples and cherries, and [inaudible]. We’d be going after ‘til I went to a private place. They paid a little bit more. It was hard too—picking them. You had to be careful how you handled those apples. If you squeezed them too hard, you could bruise one of them. So, you learn all of that. But when they brought the people up on old school bus from down here, you couldn’t stop eating at the restaurant and eat. You had to go in a—maybe a convenience store or something—back then, and get you a little of some bologna, and moon pies or something, and a soda. And they wouldn’t let but so many blacks come into the store. They wouldn’t be able to watch you. Said, “They might steal something.” And then you didn’t have no bathroom to go to. You had to stop by a wooded area and go out there in the woods somewhere. This is rough. When you get up there, I remember one place. You seen a chicken coop? Those big chicken coops? Where you can stand up and walk in them? Well, they partitioned that off and made rooms for the people to stay in that time that they was up there. And you would work by what they called the “piece.” You’d get so much a box for certain things, you know, like apples, or cherries, or onions. And they had one guy would be over the rest of them. They called him the “crew leader.” And once they took us up there and the work wasn’t ready, you know, for us to go to work. And so they went around into this Italian restaurant, and got this old hard bread. This stuff that the people didn’t eat and stuff. Gathered it up, and they put it in a[sic] old pot, and one man brought a bunch of bullfrogs over there. And they skinned those bullfrogs up. And, man, I didn’t want no bullfrogs. [laughs] They said, “Come on,” and the man said, “Come on! Come on! Come on, and let’s eat this. Eat some of this.” They called it the son of a—son of a “B.” “Come on, get some of this son of a ‘B’!” And he was just boiling and bubbling in there. Had all some of everything—little steak, little, some all kind of little meats, and it was cooking in there. It was bubbling. Man, I don’t want none of that. That’s, I gotta leave here. [laughs] Morris Well, sir, I know you also mentioned earlier, before the interview, that you worked in the military. What time did you, uh—why did you join the military? When did you do that? Because I know you said you were working these other odd jobs—construction, a lot of agriculture. What prompted the move? Morgan Well, I didn’t join. I was drafted. Morris Oh, okay. Morgan They was drafting people at that time. I had went to Philadelphia[, Pennsylvania] to live with my sister, because I wanted to make more money. And my mother was here, so I had to send her money home to her—to help her. I was making about $80 a day up there doing that construction there. Oh man, that was big money. And I was 23 years old. I thought the draft people had forgot about me. I said, “They have forgot about me.” And I was working, and I wanted to get me a trade. I said, “Well, I wanna do automatic transmissions.” I said, “That’ll be a good trade for me.” So I went up in there, they had this sort of thing for free. And they got—when I approached them about it—about the application— he said, “Well, by the time we get you trained, Uncle Sam will be calling you.” And he wasn’t lying, ‘bout two weeks later I got a letter. “Greetings from Uncle Sam!” [laughs] So I didn’t want to go from up there. I wanted to see my mom before I go, and so I came home. And we went downtown there to the bus station, and they—you know, the guy—was calling the names off and everything, and we got on the bus and went to Jacksonville, you know. They’d check you out. You know, sees[sic] you, in case [inaudible], you know, you’re physically ready. And so by the time they get through with us, the bus had gone that was gonna take us to Fort Jackson[, South Carolina]. So they told us to wait ‘til October the 17th. And I was here, I walked down to the Cape with the construction, where they were shooting those rockets off of pad thirty-nine, and the VAB building. I seen all of that. And then October 17th, got ready to catch the bus, and we caught that bus. That bus driver was late, and he was driving. I had dozed off to sleep, and he had waken me when he drove off the road. Was trying to—he was driving. I said, “This man gonna kill us before he get us there.” [laughs] I got—we got—there to Fort Jackson, and we got off with our duffel bags. Well, we didn’t have the duffel bags at that time. We just was in civilian clothes. And then those guys had been there for a while—we was getting off the bus—said, “You’ll be sorry! You’ll be sorry!” Oh, and there was bald head sergeant running upside the bus before it even stopped. I mean, time you’d get to the door, he’d snatch you off. [laughs] Man, it was scaring me, ‘cause he had a bald head and everything. And then—“Get off, you ‘D’-heads! You will hate me before you leave here!” Oh man, they was really—and so, we went through the reception center, went there, and we went to Fort Benning[, Georgia,] they had our duffel bags there. And time we got there, it was worse then. Those drill sergeants and all, they just run up to that bus. He was looking wild and crazy. The guy was in front of me, he had on his hat, like this one—like that—he had on this hat, you know. And coming in there, the hat was too big for his head. They always give you clothes too big for you. Morris Yeah. Morgan And he grabbed that guy, snatched him off the bus, and snatched his hat from him. He snatched him from under his hat, and his hat fell on the ground. That guy had a heart attack. [laughs] I don’t know did he die or not. So, I had the chance to get on off. He didn’t get a chance to grab me. And them[sic] boys was saying the same thing. “You’ll be sorry!” And, you know, we—some of the guys—would be talking and everything, and later that night, we wasn’t used to having bed check, you know. Ten o’clock, you gotta be in bed. He’d come in, you’d be in there and have them lights on. They’d come in there, man, and get you out, two or 2:30 in the morning, drilling you. “You gonna hate me before you leave here!” [laughs] And so that was a good experience, you meet guys that you had never met before. And you meet, you get to mingle with the white guys, the Puerto Ricans, all different races of people. Of course, I had had experiences. In 1953 and 1954 I went to school with white people in New York—in Port Byron, New York—and Lyons, New York. You know, it wasn’t a big thing. People was just people, far as I was concerned. I had enjoyed it, you know, because they really treated me nice. Man, we’d go out there every night having a good time, you know, playing and everything—the kids, you know. And they—when I got ready to come home, they didn’t want me to come home. I said, “I gotta go with my parents.” [laughs] Morris “You’ll be sorry.” Morgan Yeah. “You’ll be sorry!” Then we got to AIT [Advanced Individual Training]. And they was training. They was—these people said basic training, but basic training wasn’t nothing to AIT. Oh man, we had to do 144 exercise. And you started off running two miles, then we got ready to go to Vietnam, we was running eight miles. And do 144 exercise, run eight miles, come back do 10 pull-ups, then you go to breakfast. After you come from breakfast, you go in there and shine those floors, and buff it. Then you get out for your daily training, a 20-mile road march, and after you do that, you do squad tactics. It’s a way to fight. We was in 2nd or 23rd infantry at that time. We was mechanized. And they had, you know, big deuce and a quarter, stuff like that. So, as the Vietnam War was going on, they had a few advisors in Vietnam. And they was taking some of them. And as the war got worse, they sent the colors from Korea to be exchanged there because the KF couldn’t come back to the station until they were winning colors. So, I was honor guard there for a minute at that time. They do shiny helmets and all, and they exchanged the colors and they got us ready for Vietnam. Became a chopper outfit. Used to fly choppers just about every day, repelling from those choppers on ropes, just like those Navy Seals did. We started that. And they had thousands and thousands of choppers. A lot of them was falling because the blades would spit. They didn’t know anything about why those blades were spitting, so they sent us a vehicle mechanic up, and he found out what was going on, and radioed back to the ground and told them that the blades was spitting, but that chopper crashed and he got killed. So, they modified the blades and we did a lot of flying, and we had operation in the Carolinas called Hawk Tower 3. We were 17,000 strong. And Colonel Moore—he was a colonel at that time, who was in charge of the KO [Contracting Officer]. He was a guy—he wouldn’t keel to the devil in hell. Oh man, he didn’t play. And we was men [inaudible] to Carolina, they had the [Lockheed] C-130 [Hercule]s. That plane would—at ankle-deep it would take off in mud. It’s a troop-carrier. It would carry a little over 41 men. The same as that helicopter that looked like a hot dog. It’d carry 41 men. Morris I know what you’re talking about, sir. Morgan Yeah. And we was all over the Carolinas—North and South Carolina. And we had called us—we was training. We’d call in a jet from Jacksonville, and they’d be there in five minutes. Boom. Dropping bags. It sounded like they were bombing down there. And then sometimes the guys would get so aggravated, they’d be wanting to fight war. They’d be angry. Tired, tired of doing this. They’d wanna— “Let’s go to it!” And I said, “Oh, I don’t wanna go to it.” [laughs] And when they got ready to go to Vietnam, it was—we’d get out every morning running eight miles, singing this song: “Watch out, VC [Việt Cộng]. Here we come. Watch out, VC. Here we come.” And I always liked to start something. I said, “Goin’ home. Too much. Here it come.” And it was sergeant, he didn’t know who had said it. “Returning home? Who is the damn wise guy?” Nobody would tell on me. [laughs] Morris If you wanted to keep friends… Morgan [laughs] And so, it started us off again. “Watch out, VC. Here we come.” I said, “Going home, VC. Here I come.” “Who is that damn wise guy?” And then no one would tell on me. I said, “I better stop, before somebody have to tell.” [laughs] Morris Wise decision, sir. Morgan Oh, yeah. And so, I didn’t have that, you know. October the 15th was my ETS [Expiration of Time and Services]. And so, I was with a bunch of the guys, they had a month to go longer than me. And those were the guys that was in that big battle, and I was with them when we got ready to go. I felt so bad, because we was[sic] more—we was training better than they was[sic]. But they put up one hell of a fight. I mean, they killed over 2,000 VC. That was an area that you didn’t supposed to come out of, and they fought good[sic]. I learned how to fire everything. I fired a 3.5 rocket launcher, a 5DM 60 machine gun. I fired the M16 [rifle]. I was expert on everything I fired, ‘cause I wanted to know how to do everything. I didn’t know what I’d have to use. Of course, they train you that way anyway, but I wanted to be good. And I had metals with expert levels for sniper. I fired in there. I was a door gunner in the choppers at times, but that’s when they’d be trying to get that door gunner. They’d be able to shoot that door gunner. [laughs] I didn’t realize that was a dangerous place to be. Morris Sir, door gunner? Come on, you’re sticking your head out there! Morgan Man, see, you got that M16 machine gun—550 rounds per minute. Man, you—they gonna want to get that man out of there, ‘cause he can kill up a lot of people, that door gunner. ‘Cause you firing that thing, you don’t know what you’re gonna hit. When that chopper is, you know, shaking, you just hope you hitting something. Somebody said I was good at it. You don’t know what you’re gonna hit. And I could be sitting close to, you know, a foot away from you in that chopper. I couldn’t hear a word you saying, it made so much noise. And we a-flew a lot of those choppers, man. Sometimes they killed—it was so many—it was 17,000. They could not keep up with us. Sometimes we’d be a day and a half trying to get food. And we had [Type] C-rations sometimes. We had some that were back in 1945. You know, it was vacuum-packed. It was good, man. [laughs] Morris Well, “good” is not the word I would use. Morgan So some of the guys— “I can’t eat that junk!” I said, “Give it here.” [laughs] They called me the “eatin’-est man” in the battalion. Man, I never did get sick out there. And so, if we training, and it’s going to raining, you’re not gonna stop training. Used to be a saying, “It don’t rain on them. It rain in them.” [laughs] You keep—after we get soakin’ wet, and it still rainin’, they said, “Find the driest place and go to sleep.” And man, you’d be so tired, I just fell over the puddle of water, went to sleep. Morris I can imagine, sir. How long did you stay in the service? Morgan Two years. Morris And then what’d you do afterwards? Morgan I came out and I started back doing construction work, getting a dollar and a half an hour in Deltona. We were building—Michael Brothers was building those houses. And that was all we could do. And you know, after I left there, I went down to the Cape. There again, working down there, so I was getting three dollars and 90 cents an hour. Oh man, that was big money then. So, we’d ride down, which was all about 70 miles riding one way. But to get three dollars and 70 cent compared to a dollar and a half—oh, we took the trip. [laughs] And I stayed in construction, and I joined the union and all them, Labor Local 517. And they was, they had insurance and everything. And by that time, my oldest kid was born. And, uh… Morris When did you get married, sir? Morgan I got married to Josephine. She was Josephine Morgan at that time. And then we separated, and she got married again. So, I still stayed in touch with my daughter, and me and her are still friends today. And my daughter’s grown, she got me some grand[kid]s, and I got some great-grand[kid]s. [laughs] Morris What’s your daughter’s name, sir? Morgan Pamela. Name Pamela [Morgan] Brown. It was Pamela Morgan. And then I got another one was born 10 years later. Morris Another daughter, sir? Morgan Yeah. The one when I was 10 years married out there working in Lake Mary. Morris Oh, okay, sir. With a new, a second wife? Morgan Yes. Morris And your second wife’s name? Morgan Name Jeanette [Morgan]. Morris Okay, sir. Morgan And the last daughter was named Belinda—was Belinda Morgan. She’s married, and her husband’s an insurance adjuster. She— =they are both very aggressive, and they try to live better. And they all checks[sic] on me. Checks[sic] on old man. You know, gotta make sure he’s all right. I said, “Papa ain’t what he used to be. Come see about him.” [laughs] So, I just worked all the time. I said, “I’m happy to punish this body to help my kids, so they won’t have to go through what I went through.” I want them to be a[sic] good citizen[s]. America is a good place to be. I never been out of the [United] States, but I see it on the movie. All those different places. And I know I wouldn’t—even when we was oppressed, we were living better than them people over in those other countries. They didn’t hardly have food to eat. We wasn’t never hungry. We had clothes and shoes. So, we were better off than most people was in different countries. We didn’t complain. We knew what we had to do, and we did it, and we was rewarded for it by being a good citizen. Now I just, I—after I got hurt, in construction scaffolding fell on me. And then I’d already hurt in the military too, playing football. And so I just, I said, “I gotta do something for mankind.” I joined the, I joined the NAACP, and I fight for justice. And then I joined the historical society uptown there. That’s where I met Charlie Carlson. And, you know, a lot of the people felt the NAACP was against white people. And it’s not that. A lot of white people join the NAACP. And they did this fight for injustice, you know. And you know, you’d be surprised, the companies that are in the NAACP. [Walt] Disney [World], they give money, 10, 20 thousand dollars a year. Florida Power & Light [Company], a lot of these banks. Because it’s nothing, you know. You don’t treat people wrong. This is what they’re fighting for. They see what they’re doing, and a lot of people see that just like, you know, you got the Ku Klux Klan and Black Panthers, and all that. They don’t go for no wrongdoing, whether it’s the Black Panthers or not. They’re not gonna do that. They’re for justice. And then I got to be a representative for all Seminole County for helping people in need. Then I worked with the police department. They was having festivals out there in Bookertown. They brought the honor guard out. And I was in the paper just about every week. Oh, man. Everywhere. And I wrote these books, and man, the people got jealous, and said I was out there [inaudible]. They got jealous. They thought I was going to get rich, man. I said, “How can I get rich? I ain’t get but $6 for a book. I had to pay almost $3 to get it done.” [laughs] And you know, they wanna say, “Well, this didn’t happen, and this didn’t.” I said, “Oh, yes, it did. You told me that. I can’t do anything unless you tell me, and I wrote it down.” Oh, they got jealous, and they got jealous about the festival, about me being in the paper every week. Charlie Carlson was helping me, you know, with the—he told me about his [inaudible]. He was doing some books, too. He did a lot of books for the society, and he did some out here too. And right now Charlie Carlson is big. Well, he been all over the state, everywhere. Barnes & Noble got him. And he got agents, and I haven’t been able to see him that much. [laughs] Occasionally. I said, “He’s big time now.” Morris Doing what, sir? Morgan Writing books. Morris Okay. And what does he write about? Morgan Some of everything. He wrote about strange Florida. He told me one time, said he like to got ate up by a panther out there in the woods. [laughs] But he didn’t mind going all over in the woods. Can’t eat you out there. And I was raised out there in the—those woods. He said, “Charlie, there’s[sic] snakes out there, man.” [laughs] He walked up. But I went on out there. We got some history and everything. So some of the writers from The Orlando Sentinel come over to the house. I guess like you and me are doing. And it’s a lot of people they interviewed. They went out there, as I told you, to the UCF [University of Central Florida]. And I spoke out there, and I sold about 30 of these books. You know, just giving them away, just getting my history out there. I wasn’t making no big time money. Morris Okay, sir. Morgan What I want to do, though, at some point, is get some videos and talk about it, what happened at different areas on the farms where we used to live at, and all that kind of stuff. And I think that would be good for people that like to sit back and look at that on a CD, you know. So, I haven’t got to that point yet. So, I’m planning on do it. Morris I hope for you will, sir. Morgan Yeah, so.... Morris So where do you live now? In, uh… Morgan Yeah. I live in the same little place out there where we went to school, that historical little old black community. And I got two houses out there. This little place—at the beginning, most of the streets were dirt streets. You couldn’t—two cars couldn’t hardly pass. And you had little saw palmettos was[sic] out there. You know, you had to walk through little paths to go to another house. And it was snake-infested out there. And people worked hard, and you know, get these grubbin’ hoes and dig up those palmettos at the elephant place out there now. And the old school that I went to—the elementary school—is still out there, but it, you know. Nobody’s going to that school. They use it for the Civic Center. And they would, you know—the county would bring us—at Christmastime, they would bring us some candy, and some apples, and some oranges, and stuff, you know. And oh, we’d be happy about that stuff, man. But man, we’d do some things that we shouldn’t, and teacher would come and get us, and bring us in and tell us to bend over the seat. Said, “We gonna put you on the hot seat. Put your hands in your pockets and pull your pants tight, and bend over.” And they’d take some of those long palmettos, you know, with the stickers on them. They’d trim the stickers off. And get that red, man. They said, “If you get up, that’s gonna be some more licks added!” [laughs] And so we didn’t have any lunchroom. We just had, you’d bring your little greasy bag. You know, peanut butter and jelly. And had an icebox, but didn’t have any ice in it. You put it in there. You had a little bench on the outside. When you get ready to eat at lunchtime, and you go and sit outside and eat. And we just—it was just—we had an old cowbell out there. You rang that thing, “boing, boing, boing,” for, you know, recess. You go out there in a few minutes exercise, play a little ball, and then they rang it again, “boing, boing, boing.” You go back in. And it’s a two-room building. They had a divider. First, second, and third in one room and fourth, fifth, and sixth in the other. So, they had—our principal—he was the teacher, and they another teacher on the other side. That’s the way we learned. And then when we would get to the seventh and eighth grade, we’d go to Crooms [High School]. That’s where everybody would meet up, from—all the black people from Oviedo, Goldsboro, Midway, Bookertown, Altamonte [Springs], they’d all meet up at Crooms and go to high school. That’s the way they did it. And a lot of the kids were very smart, because those teachers didn’t play. You was[sic] gonna learn. And you was[sic] gonna learn. They said, “You gotta be twice as smart as the white man.” Said, “You got to learn.” And that’s what motivated, you know. If you get the same job that white man got, said you gotta be twice as smart. And one black girl won The $64,000 Question, and oh, that motivated the black people, ‘cause it was on TV. Morris Oh, yeah? Morgan Yeah, oh, man, she—black people start studying, man. They was really studying. And a lot of those kids come along and some of them are professors, some of them work at the White House, are mathematicians. I mean, this was a lot of smart people coming out of the area. Where we was. ‘Cause they had something to motivate them that looked. They tried—they had a goal. They tried to do better in life. Morris Right. Morgan And see, the white people were competition. [laughs] Competition is good. And, you know, they, you know, some of them now seem like they done lost their motivation. Maybe they need to pick someone out to have competition with. [laughs] ‘Cause a lot of our black kids is[sic] dropping out of school. Maybe they don’t got[sic]—they say they get things so much, they’re not motivated. So I’m trying now to get the [Seminole] County, along with the other guys out there, to redo that school and try to educate some of those kids who said that we can’t [inaudible], and try to pull some of those kids out the street and show them there’s a better life than drugs, you know. Morris Right, sir. Morgan I mean, it’s just a lot of white guys be comin’ out there too. They be buying the drugs. And white girls, I mean, you know—it used to not be no white people living out there in Bookertown. Man, there be a lot of white people out there in Bookertown. [laughs] They all be[sic]—a lot of them be[sic] on them drugs. And it’s a—my cousin was married to a German woman. And it’s another black guy, he was married to a white woman. And she was real smart. She, you know—he knowed[sic] how to do automatic transmission. He taught her, and she’d do it. But he passed away. Me and him grew up together. We, you know—a lot of black and white people be out there. Hispanics—they get babies and stuff. [laughs] Morris Well, sir, we’re about to—we have to start wrapping up. Morgan Yeah. Morris Is there anything else you want to make sure you mentioned before we conclude? Anything—like anything you remember, any circle of events, or any kind of memories from your childhood, or any kind of—something you just forgot about earlier? Morgan Oh, yeah. I remember our teacher was very influential, lady called Miss Hogan. And her friend, I mean, yeah—well, her friend that taught her in college was Miss Bethune, and she came out to our school one time when I was little, but I didn’t think that’s somebody, you know. This, you know, you remember Mary McLeod Bethune? They got the [Bethune-Cookman] University over there in Daytona [Beach]? Morris Okay, sir. Morga Yeah. She came to Crooms out there and talked to us one time. And, you know, that’s a lot of history. Did you read her history? Morris No, sir. Morgan Oh, man. She came there from [South] Carolina. It was a dollar and a half. And they had United Methodist Church. They helped her. And she started a learning place in a little old broke-down shed. She started helping a lot of people, and then you heard some white people started helping her too. And the United Methodist, some other companies. And they dealt—they had her speak at the—what the name of that college? Oh, Rollins [College]. At first, they didn’t want her to speak there, because she was a black woman, but they find out how smart she was, and they let her come back the day she had spoke. [laughs] And she was a president advisor. And see, she scold the president one time, [Franklin D.] Roosevelt. [laughs] Morris Oh, okay. Morgan It’s a lot of history. It’s good to read about her. Morris Sir, she came to your school and talked to you? Morgan Yeah. Well, I was a little boy. I can vaguely remember. I was a little fella, but when she came to Crooms, I remember her then. I remember her. But I just figured she was just educated, that’s all. I didn’t, you know—little country boy, didn’t know nothin’. You know, only thing I knew about was cabbage, corn, and celery. [laughs] Morris And okra. Not to cut the top. Morgan [laughs] Yeah, okra. And killing squirrels and rabbits, you know. And turtles. We ate those, ate those turtles, man. We ate so many turtles out there. Morris Well, it’s because they’re not gonna get away from you very fast. Morgan Oh, man, no. Morris You see a turtle, he’s toast. Morgan Yeah. You know, we had—we could have had and used him [inaudible], with the shells. [laughs] Morris Well, thank you, sir for coming out today and sharing all this with us. Morgan Okay. Anytime you need me. I’m glad to come in and be of service. Morris Appreciate that, sir. Thank you. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3c62ab5226c0162840778fca22563c72.mp3" target="_blank">Oral History of Charlie Morgan</a> 3rd Street African Americans African-American community agriculture apples B. Edwards Belinda Morgan Bookertown Briar Team Buchanan cabbage cantaloupe celery Celery City Charlie Carlson Charlie Morgan cherries cherry citrus Civil Rights Movement construction Crooms Academy Crooms High School Downtown Sanford farming farms Hawk Tower 3 Hogan honor guards Jeanette Morgan Joseph Morris Josephine Morgan Labor Local 517 Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Mary Jane McLeod Mary Jane McLeod Bethune Mary McLeod Bethune Mary White Overton Michael Brothers Moore Museum of Seminole County History NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Niagara Movement octagon soaps okra oranges Pamela Brown Pamela Morgan Pamela Morgan Brown potbellied stoves race relations Sanford Sanford Avenue Sanford Civic Center segregation spirituality Sunniland televisions Third Street TV Viet Cong Vietnam Vietnam War https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/728e65523012d71068a9e389e9b7eddf.mp3 bf9cd47354a8b83b6a6107c6d59ec522 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/dfd1142290a11b6982aee5ee6fe60a5e.pdf d0527f01a610d68ad14544a29105a1c5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection Alternative Title Linda McKnight Batman Collection Subject Ocala (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Port Tampa (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Titusville (Fla.) Zellwood (Fla.) Description Collection of oral histories depicting the history of Seminole County, Florida. The project was funded by Linda McKnight Batman, a former teacher, historian, and Vice President of the State of Florida Commission on Ethics. Language eng Type Collection Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Museum of Seminole County History, and University of Central Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/744676869" target="_blank">Researcher's Guide to Seminole County Oral Histories: Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project</a>. [Sanford, Fla.]: Museum of Seminole County History, 2010. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> Coverage Seminole County, Florida Ocala, Florida Oviedo, Florida Port Tampa, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida Titusville, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of John Louis Salsbury Alternative Title Oral History, Salsbury Subject Sanford (Fla.) Tampa (Fla.) Air Force Photography--Florida Space Shuttle Program (U.S.) Titusville (Fla.) Astronauts--United States Baseball--Florida Description An oral history of John Louis Salsbury, conducted by Joseph Morris on September 9, 2011. Salsbury was born in Tampa, Florida, but he has spent much of his life in Sanford. In the interview, Salsbury discusses his family's history, Port Tampa during the Spanish-American War, his service in the U.S. Air Force, photographing Space Shuttle launches and astronauts, how Sanford has changed over time, and the Florida Aviation Historical Society. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:21 Family history 0:01:52 Port Tampa and the Spanish-American War 0:04:15 Family history 0:08:17 Serving in the Air Force 0:11:31 RECORDING CUTS OFF 0:11:32 President Richard M. Nixon 0:13:28 Moving to Sanford and photographing shuttle launches 0:17:17 Moonshiner’s shoe 0:20:22 Moving to Sanford 0:20:46 Photographing space shuttles and astronauts 0:32:49 Family history 0:45:10 How Sanford has changed over time 0:45:54 Grandparents and great-grandparents 0:58:02 Closing remarks 0:58:37 RECORDING CUTS OFF 0:58:38 Florida Aviation Historical Society Abstract Oral history interview of John Louis Salsbury Interview conducted by Joseph Morris at Salsbury' home in Florida. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 1-hour, 4-minute, and 54-second oral history: Salsbury, John Louis. Interviewed by Joseph Morris. September 9, 2011. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/123" target="_blank">Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage South Park Avenue and West 9th Street, Sanford, Florida Port Tampa Dock, Port Tampa, Tampa, Florida Norton Air Force Base, San Bernardino, California Naval Air Station KeflavÃk, KeflavÃk, Iceland Homestead Air Reserve Base, Homestead, Florida John F. Kennedy Space Center, Titusville, Florida Disney-MGM Studios, Lake Buena Vista, Florida Creator Morris, Joseph Salsbury, John Louis Contributor Vickers, Savannah Date Created 2011-09-09 Date Modified 2014-09-10 Date Copyrighted 2011-09-09 Format audio/wav application/pdf Extent 665 MB 194 KB Medium 1-hour, 4-minute, and 54-second audio recording 19-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Joseph Morris and John Louis Salsbury, and transcribed by Savannah Vickers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.floridaahs.org/" target="_blank">Welcome!</a>" Florida Aviation Historical Society. http://www.floridaahs.org/. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Norman, Robert, and Lisa Coleman. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47770675" target="_blank">Tampa</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2001. Duggins, Pat. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/122701571" target="_blank">Final Countdown: NASA and the End of the Space Shuttle Program</a>. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2007. Transcript Morris This is an interview with John [Louis] Salsbury. This interview is being conducted on the 9th of September, 2011, at the Museum of Seminole County History. The interviewer is Joseph Morris, representing the Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project for the Historical Society of Central Florida. Mr. Salsbury, could you tell us your name? Salsbury Yes. I would like to do this as a means of preservation of my family history, and I hope I can do a good job. Anyway, I’d like to start with the year of 1893, when my great-grandparents and my grandfather moved here from Portsmouth, Ohio, by train. My great-grandfather was a master carpenter, and he lived here—the family lived here—on the corner of [West] Ninth Street and [South] Park Avenue—the southwest corner—for about two years. My grandfather [Louis Salsbury] was 19 years old, and he was employed as a railroad telegrapher at the Sanford Railroad Station on the west end of Ninth Street. In 1895, which was the year they moved away, my grandfather participated in a professional bicycle race—a 25-mile race that began in Downtown Orlando, when Orange Avenue was a dirt road, and ended there. My grandfather won the race. And after that they moved to Port Tampa, where my great-grandfather became a building contractor and was commissioned by Henry [B.] Plant to build a passenger terminal at the end of the railroad line there in Port Tampa, near Tampa. And steamships—the Mascotte and the Olivette—transported passengers from South America and Cuba to the United States. And they ported—they landed there at the docks. And the terminal building that my great-grandfather built was in use up until that passenger line ceased to operate, but the building remained to 1955. Also, just a year or two before the building was commenced, that terminal, Teddy [Theodore] Roosevelt, his Rough Riders [1st U.S. Volunteer Calvary] and officers, were among the soldiers and troops that were encamped in the Port Tampa area en route to the Spanish-American War. Teddy Roosevelt and his officers were hosted and remained in my doctor’s—in the Salsbury family doctor’s—home, which was located about a block from my grandparents’ home, and where my great-grandfather built. My grandfather joined the Army and participated in the Spanish-American War, and following that war, my great-grandfather was commissioned to also build a very famous wooden hotel in Bartow-Clearwater area, over near Clearwater. It’s still in use. It’s the Belleview Biltmore Resort. It’s a large wooden hotel, and it’s still in use today. Okay, after that, my grandfather married—and he was a telegrapher—and on the west coast at Palm Harbor, Florida, near the Gulf [of Mexico], and between Clearwater and Tarpon Springs, he married Rose Tinny—Rosalind Tinny. And my father [John Wright Salsbury, Jr.] was born in Port Tampa. My great-grandfather had built three homes there, and after my father graduated from high school in the year 1926, he found this moonshiner’s shoe. It was uncovered by a fire that had burnt some palmettos. My father found that—and they determined it belonged to the moonshiner. His name was Herndon, who was killed by the troops when he tried to steal corn from the soldiers encamped there for the Spanish-American War. Well, anyway, the left shoe that I have in my possession is in the Smithsonian Institution, and this right shoe I still retain.<a title="">[1]</a> Okay, in 1914, just before this—at the age of 12—my father and his sister, Mary, at age of five, flew on the world’s first passenger, scheduled passenger airline from St. Petersburg to Tampa. As a member of the Florida Aviation Historical Society, I’ve been through a lot of this and photographed a lot. I’m their photographer. Well, anyway, in 1914, my father and my aunt flew with Tony Janus, or the line pilot, from St. Petersburg to Tampa. This airline was in operation for three months and flew 1,205 passengers, and is actually on record as being the world’s first scheduled airline. My dad moved to—my dad and my mother—I was born in 1931 in Tampa, and my father and mother separated in ’41, and in 1941 we moved to Sanford and have resided in Sanford since. At least I have. My father was a railroad engineer with the Atlantic Coast Line [Railroad]. He had roomed with Cara Stenstrom, the mother of Douglas and Julian and Frank and Herb and Ruth Stenstrom—my stepbrothers and sister. Well, that year, or year around that time, the early 1940s, I recall having met Red Barber, the famous sports announcer’s father, there on the front porch. Okay, Red Barber, who actually went to school in Sanford and graduated from Sanford High School, went on to become the most famous sports announcer in baseball, football. All right. I went into the Air Force in 1949, upon graduating from the Seminole High School. I was a radar operator, and while in the service, I served in Alaska, Newfoundland, Iceland, and West Germany. But some of the highlights of my service, while I was—after I returned from Alaska in 1951, I was able—stationed in Norton Air Force Base in the Air Defense Control Center there. I was able to see many movie stars: Marilyn Monroe, Lucille Ball, Lana Turner, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis, Gregory Peck. I really enjoyed my time there at Norton, because I met all these people, and not only that, I made sure that I worked within the Air Control Center—gave me a ride, or I flew as the co-pilot in a twin-engine bomber trainer called a T-11. And while we were in operations, he was filing his flight plan—I was standing next to a tall gentleman at the counter, where he was filing a flight plan, and on this parachute he had draped over his shoulder was the word “Yeager. So I actually got a chance to see the famous Chuck Yeager, who broke the speed, the sound barrier. And outside was an experimental jet bomber, XB-43,—I remember they called it—and he was probably flying that at the time. Anyway, after we took off in this T-11, the major took control of the aircraft ‘til we went over Edward’s restricted area, or Edwards Air Force Base. And then he showed me how to use the radio compass, and I honed it in on Palmdale, where the space shuttles were built. Well, anyway, I took control, and he let me fly the T-11 up over L.A.—Los Angeles—Laguna Beach, Long Beach, all along the coast. And then, when he said we had to go back, he asked me if I thought I could find my way back, and I said, “I believe so.” So I honed in on the mountains there—San Bernardino right there at Norton—and headed back to Norton. And that was one of the most memorable flights I’ve ever taken. I really enjoyed that. All right, uh, upon—you may pause it just for a second. Morris Good to go, sir. Salsbury Okie doke. Another thing I’d like to comment on about an experience I had while in the Air Force, stationed in Iceland, President [Richard M.] Nixon stopped over there on the way to Russia, in Keflavík Air Field [Naval Air Station (NAS) Keflavík] in Iceland, and being in radar, I knew about it. So I was down there with my camera—my movie camera—and was able to get some shots of Admiral [Hyman G.] Rickover as he walked out of the plane—walked by. Nixon didn’t get out of the plane, nor did his wife [Pat Nixon]. Okay, then, when stationed—before my retirement in 1969, I was stationed at Homestead Air [Reserve] Base in South Florida, in radar again. I was electronic warfare NCOIC [Non-Commissioned Officer in Charge], and President Nixon was inaugurated and flew right into Homestead AFB [Homestead ARB] the next day, and I took my son and my daughter over to see him. Well, lo and behold, we were only, right at the front of the fence there at the tarmac there at Homestead, and the President walked directly to us and shook our hands, and it appeared on the front page of The Miami Herald the next morning. So I had a—we had a wonderful experience of meeting Richard Nixon and shaking hands with him. And then I retired shortly after Neil Armstrong put foot on the moon. Salsbury And I came—we moved back to Sanford, and bought a new home here in Sanford, and I became employed as a postal clerk over in Orlando for one year in the sectional center, and then transferred to Sanford, where for 16 years I was a letter-carrier. Riding a bicycle and a jeep, carrying mail in Sanford. Well, while in Sanford as a letter-carrier, I had been taking pictures of the first space shuttle launch from Titusville and the ones following that, and I was taking my film to Eckerd’s drugstore to have it processed. Through a questionnaire that I filled out, the Eckerd’s marketing management and headquarters in Clearwater called me one day. They asked if I would appear in a TV—television commercial for them. And from that, I was titled “The Shuttle Photographer,” and Eckerd’s produced and ran for a year and a half a commercial introducing their one-hour photo service. That helped me, in a way, get my foot in the door as becoming a press photographer at [John F.] Kennedy Space Center, to shoot the space shuttle launches up close. So from the end of ’91, I was credited as a press photographer with The Sanford Herald editor sponsoring me. And throughout the shuttle program, I served as a press photographer at the Space Center, covering the 30-year shuttle program. Just recently, in July—in July the 21st—the [Space] Shuttle Atlantis landed, and I was there on the end of the runway, and I captured the landing and the tow back of the space shuttle for the last time of Atlantis. Atlantis just happens to be a particular launch vehicle that I took in 1994, November the 3rd, that turned out to be my most successful space shuttle photograph. It hangs in the NASA [National Aeronautics and Space Administration] Media [Resource] Center. A 30 x 40. It hangs in the Viera VA [Veterans Affairs] Hospital entrance. It hangs in museums, and it’s been purchased by a number of people over the years. So the STS-66 launch turned out to be my most successful space shuttle picture. And now that the shuttle program has ended, I devote my future photography Endeavors towards shooting wildlife. And here in Lake Mary—close to Sanford—I have some blinds set up, and I have wood duck nesting boxes, and I have been very successful in photographing Florida birds here, and will continue doing so. Thank you, Joe. Morris Oh, thank you very much, Mr. Salsbury. I have a few more questions if that is okay. Salsbury Fire away. Morris Okay, Mr. Salsbury. Earlier you mentioned about the shoe that your family member had found previously? Salsbury Right. That was my father. Morris Could you describe that? Yes, your father, sir. Could you tell—could you describe that for us? And then tell us what purpose that shoe was being used for? Salsbury Well, sure. I’d be glad to. Morris Thank you, sir. Salsbury Joe, this shoe that I’m showing you has a tin foundation, or a base, to it, and nailed to the bottom of this piece of tin are two wooden replicas of cows’ hooves, out of wood, carved by this moonshiner. And what the moonshiner would do—he—he was able to attach this to his shoes and conceal his tracks as he went to and from his still, which was located near my family home in Port Tampa, Florida, Hillsborough County. And a fire had really exposed this to my father. It was wrapped—the shoes, the pair of shoes—were wrapped up in a newspaper and was charred, but was exposed when the fire burnt these palmettos along the roadway, which is now in Trask Avenue in Tampa, Florida. T-R-A-S-K. Anyway, when my father opened the package up, here was this pair of overshoes used by moonshiner by the name of Herndon in Port Tampa, to go to and from his still. This moonshiner was later shot to death when he attempted to steal grain—sacks of grain—from the soldiers camped in the area, or en route to the Spanish-American War from Port Tampa to Cuba, where they embarked from Port Tampa. They determined—they found out they were having sacks of grain stolen from them, or missing, so they set up a trap. And actually they caught the guy, and they shot him. But apparently he wasn’t wearing these shoes, and he had these hidden just to go to and from his still. And that’s how come I ended up—the right shoe I have, and I’m showing you at this time. The left shoe, in 1926, was given to the Smithsonian Institution and appeared in The St. Louis [Post-]Dispatch with a picture of it telling that it’s in the museum. I have been unable to locate that copy of The St. Louis Dispatch that I had. I don’t know what happened to it. But anyway, I do know that one shoe was in the Smithsonian Institution. Morris Well, thank you. That’s a very interesting piece you have there, sir. Salsbury Thank you. Morris Another question I have is—you said 1941<a title="">[2]</a> you moved to Sanford? Salsbury 1941.<a title="">[3]</a> Morris Who did you move with, sir? Salsbury My father, my sister, Rosemary [Salsbury], and I. The three of us. Morris Okay, sir. And your sister, is she currently living in Sanford, or... Salsbury No, she lives on the west coast, over near Tarpon Springs. Morris Okay, sir. And you said, you were describing earlier your experiences working as a press photographer for The Sanford Herald. Salsbury Right. Morris Do you have any more experiences that you’d like to share about that, any kind of experiences working at the—as opposed to just taking photographs… Salsbury The only experiences I have—and one is very interesting ‘cause it deals with Seminole County. As a press photographer, I was given quite a lot of extra photo possibilities. There was a launch of [Space Shuttle] Endeavor—and I don’t recall just what mission it was at the time—but when I boarded the bus to go with an escort to go there to photograph it with my telescope, she handed out a sheet of paper that listed the dignitaries—the important events that was gonna be there at this event site that I had wanted to shoot from. One of them was Alan Shepard, who was the first American astronaut to go into space. All right. She told—I asked her if she’d point him out to me or help me find him. I wanted to get a picture of him. She said, “I could do better than that. I could have your picture taken with him.” So she did that, and they used my camera. And I sent the photo to Houston[, Texas]—to him—and he autographed it and returned it to me, and in turn I gave—I left one with him. But I told him in the letter something very interesting that I found out. My classmate in 1949, Bettye Ball [Deadman] from Lake Mary, lived a short distance from Alan Shepard’s grandparents. Alan Shepard used to spend his summer vacations from Connecticut or New Hampshire in Lake Mary. He spent him out there, in his vacations, and his grandparents. One day he was missing, and they couldn’t find him. He was found on the Ball—Bettye, my classmate’s family’s—dining room table eating a banana. And so I told him about this in the letter, and he got a charge out of it. But anyway, my stepbrother, Doug Strenstrom—Douglas Stenstrom—is the one that told me first that Alan Shepard had a connection with Lake Mary and Seminole County. And then, when I found that out, I was talking to Bettye Ball and she told me about the banana incident. And so, it so happens that Alan Shepard enjoyed a lot of his school summers, if not most of them, right here in Lake Mary, Seminole County. So, anyway, I got a chance to meet him. Not only that—another thing I want to tell you, an interesting thing happened. I wasn’t a press photographer at the time but I had an eight-inch telescope, and I took this with me to shoot from Titusville the first launch of the space shuttle—STS-1 [Space Shuttle] Columbia. And the picture I took, turned out I shot into the sun, but I got a fairly good picture. For a color picture, it turned out black and white. But anyway, I got a good picture. Well, The Orlando Sentinel team saw me, and they took a picture of me with my nephew, Troy Hickson, from Lake Mary, as we were photographing with my telescope. And this was published and in The Sentinel. Well, there was a time when I wasn’t—later on, when I wasn’t a press photographer, but I was shooting from the NASA Causeway with my telescope, and the gentleman told me I needed press credentials to get up close and get better pictures. So little wheels started turning in my head as to how I could bring this about. First thing I thought about doing was calling this photographer that had photographed me at the first launch over in Titusville at The Sentinel in Orlando. So I called, and they couldn’t use me in Orlando on the team, but he suggested something that really did it for me. And he suggested that I get a hold of the public affairs people at NASA, at Kennedy, and request a freelance pass—a pass as a freelance photographer. Well, I did this, and that allowed me to start getting passes to put my camera up remotely. I’d put my camera out right next to the shuttle, and using another man’s trigger at first—and finally I knew how to do it and I finally bought the equipment and did it on my own. But anyway, the sound after the solid rockets are fired triggers your camera, and you’re nowhere near it. You’re sitting there anchored down, but it’s up close to it. So that’s how I got my best pictures was in that manner. Okay, after that first launch on the 12th of April of 1981, there was an air show. It went to Sanford Airport. And I took my son out there, and I had my camera along to shoot the show. And a friend of mine who had a shoe store in Sanford, Donald Knight—well known in Sanford—and he was a flight instructor and a pilot, and he was at front of operations prepping a Cessna for flight. And I walked up and commenced talking to him this day. This is after the launch of the shuttle. And he said, “Do you know whose plane that is next to me?” And I said, “No.” He said, “That’s Neil Armstrong.” I waited until Neil Armstrong came out and his family came out of the operations and got in their plane, and took pictures of this, and got some good pictures of Neil Armstrong. He left there and nobody, of all these people there—the thousands of people at the air show—knew he was there, I think. He taxied out and took off before the air show. So I got pictures of Neil Armstrong. Another incident, having been with press credentials and having put my remote cameras out for the launch of John Glenn—STS-95—I was able to get a picture and he posed for me. And this was Buzz Aldrin, who stepped on the moon. And I also got pictures of several of the other astronauts, the one in STS-13—I mean not STS-13—the Apollo 13. And Gordon Cooper. Now, not only that, over the years, I was able to meet and become friends with different astronauts, but one of the highlights of my time over there too took place when I was working part-time at [Walt] Disney World, [Disney-]MGM Studios.<a title="">[4]</a> I purchased a little lapel pin of Buzz Lightyear. Well, I had a taken a nice shot of the STS-61 launch of [Space Shuttle] Endeavor, that Story Musgrave was mission specialist of, and did a spacewalk to repair the Hubble [Space] Telescope. Well, my pictures came out so good. I made Christmas cards out of them, put “Merry Christmas,” “Happy New Year,” and all that on them, and I sent them to each one of the crew members in Houston, so when they landed, they would get Christmas card greetings at their launch. Well, I got responses from Kathy Thornton and different ones with autographed pictures of all of them and all that. But six months later, I get a telephone call from Story Musgrave—Dr. Story Musgrave—who did the spacewalk repair on the Hubble telescope and was on the mission. He commented to me, he said, “That’s the best night launch picture I’ve seen. Would you make transparencies for me so I can use them in my lectures?” And he called me back later and asked me how much it was and all that. He wanted to pay for it. I didn’t want him to pay for it, but he sent me a check and paid for it. I asked him, I said, “Story, would you take a little Buzz Lightyear pin in space for me in your next mission coming up in September?” Or November. And that was STS-80. He called me back later and said, “Send it on.” He had room. He could take it. So Story Musgrave took a little Buzz Lightyear pin for me on the STS-80 mission of Columbia that ended up being the longest space shuttle mission flown, 17 days. When they returned, it took me two years to get it back. But I got it back, and it was still packaged and in the plastic, and it was accompanied by a certificate of authentication signed by Story Musgrave, telling that “this space,”—oh, “this lapel pin of Buzz Lightyear,”—or something to this effect—“was carried aboard Columbia for John Salsbury,” and so on. So I got this wonderful document to see that by. So that kind of sums up some of the most important things that I remember as highlights doing my space shuttle photography over 30 years. I was able to meet a lot of the good ones, and one of them was Tom Jones, and I’m still in touch with him. Most, many of these pictures I have, like the one of STS-96—it shows shooting into the rising sun and everything, Rick Husband, who was killed when the Columbia exploded, he was the pilot of that one. And I’ve got a beautiful picture of that, autographed by the pilot, Kent Romminger. So, a lot of my pictures, even the one with John Glenn’s launch, turned out. I sent it to him. He autographed it for me. I’ve got the picture of John Glenn going up autographed. I’ve got all these autographs on my pictures over there. And my room looks like a museum itself. Morris Sir, that’s impressive. Salsbury Thank you. But that’s about it, in a nutshell, I think. Morris Well, sir, could you tell me a little bit about your family? Salsbury Well, I think I told you, let me, my great-grandfather’s name was John Wright Salsbury I. He was married to Addie—A-D-D-I-E—Burke Salsbury, and they moved here with their son, my grandfather—later grandfather—Louis Salsbury, to Sanford in 1893, as I mentioned earlier. My dad moved up here upon my mother and father’s separation in 1941. We moved to Sanford from Port Tampa, and that’s when I joined the Stenstrom-Salsbury family, or we were joined, and of course, Douglas and Julian are well-documented in their contributions here in Seminole County. And Frank, he married Henry Took—Harry [Patricia] Took—excuse me, who was a millionaire that owned a lot of groves. And he took care of the groves, my stepbrother did, Frankie. And then Herb was a realtor. He was the other stepbrother, and Herb passed away a young man due to lung cancer. But he married Carolyn Patrick, and the Patricks own a packing—a fruit business of citrus and citrus-packing groves and so forth. And my stepsister, Ruth, she married a young man that was—became a—he was an umpire in baseball—professional games, but then later became a—they moved to Cocoa Beach and he was on the City Council and he was a postmaster over there at Cocoa Beach, about the time when the Apollo program was going on. And Ruth—no, Julian, was a sports announcer and writer for [The Sanford Herald], he announced for Red WTRR Sanford, a radio station, and he wrote for the columns for The Sanford Herald. And he wrote a lot of them about “Way Back Then”—they titled it—and I have copies of those. He had a wonderful memory and recall of sports. He mentioned—he brought a light that Buddy Lake from Lake Monroe, in Sanford—and Lake Mary, in the Sanford area—a ball player, ended up in the hall of fame from Julian’s efforts. He found out that Buddy had led hitting and pitching at one time, and this was something that hadn’t been done before. This was back when he played for Florida State League. And Julian also brought out the fact that Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier here in Sanford at the Sanford ballpark when he was playing for the [Brooklyn] Dodgers. Julian and I—well, Julian became an official in the Southern Baptist brotherhood out in California, in Bakersfield, and I was stationed at Norton Air Force Base in the ‘50s. He and I attended a professional spring training ballgame between the Cincinnati Reds and another team I don’t recall. And Julian and I were sitting on the third base bleacher line there in the stands, and I was sitting maybe ten feet away from a gentleman with a cigar in his mouth. And Julian asked me if I knew who that was. He said, “That’s Branch Rickey.” So Branch Rickey is one of the two people that Red Barber dedicated his book, Walking in the Spirit, to. A great book. It’s in the museum in Sanford. It was given to Julian by Douglas. Anyway, Red Barber mentions—no, Julian wrote an article about Red Barber that I have as well too, and it was published in the Sanford paper, telling about Red Barber’s ball playing and his living here in Sanford. So, I can’t think right offhand of a lot of the highlights that Julian brought out. But anyway, they’re well-documented and covered in articles he wrote for the paper while he was there. Oh, another thing, myself and my younger stepbrother, Frank, and my classmates, John Keeling and Richard McNab—Keeling just passed away and he was a retired colonel in the Army. Worked in the Pentagon. And Richard McNab—retired colonel—Lieutenant Colonel in the Air Force, who flew B-47 reconnaissance aircraft. He’s living in Ocean Springs right now. And we all were on the American Legion baseball team in 1948. On March the 16th of 1948, Babe Ruth came to Sanford. Julian was the announcer, the master of ceremonies. Carl Hubble was there, John Krider, and Julian, and the mayor, Mayor Williams. Julian introduce a number of the people there, but the mayor actually introduced Babe Ruth. And I was there, and my other members played on the American Legion we had at the time. Babe Ruth signed baseballs for all of us, and we were given these baseballs signed by Babe Ruth. Well, anyway, the wonderful thing happened was that Julian and all of the commentary and all the narration or the talking that was done, even Babe Ruth’s voice, was recorded on a recorder—on a platter, a record, by someone. Well, Julian, my stepbrother, ended up having a copy of that, and he found it before passing away. And we transferred that over to an audio tape, from there to a VHS tape, and now I have it on DVD. We have Babe Ruth’s actual voice, which was eight months to the day before he died, when he was here in Sanford and honored in Sanford. So that about covers everything, Joe. Morris How about your immediate family? Salsbury Oh, I’m sorry. I have two children. My wife was from Lake Mary. Her name was Yvonne Eubanks, and she passed away five years ago today, on September 9, 2006, here in Sanford Hospital. She had diabetes and her kidneys gave out on her. We have two children. My son is a lieutenant in the fire department, Lake Mary, and my daughter has moved to Tennessee. She was married to Bill Von Herbulis and had a daughter then. And her daughter, Jessica [Frana], well, anyway, later married. But before that my daughter remarried Steve Frana. His father’s friend owned Tube Tech. It’s a stainless steel plant here in Sanford. And there’s a connection. My son-in-law, Steve, actually made all the space shuttle hinges for their payload doors right here in Sanford. So it goes back to the space program. But anyway, Steve’s father’s passed on now, but my daughter and Jessica—her daughter by her first husband—they all moved to Tennessee, and have a 45-acre farm up in Tennessee, real nice farm. And Steve had already had four children, two boys and two girls. So then—well, anyway, the total grandchildren I have now are nine, seven by my daughter and two by my son, and I have four great-grandchildren up in Tennessee. And, well, I’m living alone now. And in my latter years, I’m trying to get my family history together, and what we’re doing today, Joe, will help out very much. Morris Well, we definitely appreciate it, sir. Salsbury Thank you. Morris Just one final question, just ‘cause we’re greedy for history. Salsbury Did I mention my daughter’s name? Morris Ah, just in case, repeat, sir. Salsbury I don’t think I did. My son’s name was Terrence Wade Salsbury. He’s the Lieutenant in the Lake Mary fire department. My daughter’s name is Gale—G-A-L-E, not G-A-I-L, but G-A-L-E—Salsbury Frana—F-R-A-N-A. And, oh, one thing I failed to mention is very important. My daughter’ s first child, Jessica, she’s graduated from Wake Forest [University] and from University of Tennessee. She married a Pete Exline, who was a captain in the U.S. Army. Pete was a graduate of [The United States Military Academy at] West Point. His home was Jacksonville. Pete was sent to Iraq for a year, and upon returning from Iraq, he was put in the university, or Georgia Tech [Georgia Institute of Technology], for nuclear physics training, schooling. And from there and today, he has already started. He is an instructor at West Point, instructing nuclear physics. So my grandson-in-law, whatever, my grandson is teaching nuclear physics at West Point right now. So now you got my end of it. [laughs] Morris I do, sir. Can you describe the differences from Sanford and the local area now, than it was when you saw it in your earlier days, sir? Salsbury Well, from what I remember mostly, you couldn’t go to a restaurant or practically anywhere without running into people you knew. It was a tight area here, and we knew so many people. And I enjoyed growing up here in Sanford. Throughout my life, oh—there is something I want to mention. Morris Okay. Salsbury My grandmother—her great-great-grandfather—now because she married, her father was a Tinny in Clearwater, and they were very wealthy, and the family had owned most of what is Downtown Clearwater right now, at the time. Well anyway, her mother was a daughter of a Anna Frank Bellamy. Now, her grandfather was a William Bellamy, the son of Abraham Bellamy, who was one of the first legislators of the state of Florida when it became a state. He was on the committee that wrote the first Florida constitution, and is a signatory of the first Florida constitution, which was, hell. And my grandmother’s uncle, who was a Bellamy—John Bellamy—he paved a road between Tallahassee and St. Augustine, and parts of it is still there with his name on it. And one of the Bellamys also had paved the way for the first railroad line between Port St. Joe in Tallahassee before the other railroad lines in Florida. And the Bellamys owned a plantation. Plantations were among the wealthiest people in the state of Florida at the time, and Madison County, up near Tallahassee, is where they’re buried. But the Bellamys are distant ancestors of mine through my grandmother. Morris Wow, sir. Salsbury I didn’t want to miss that because I wanted to get that in there somewhere. But my grandmother’s—one of my grandmother’s sisters—well, I’ll go a little further. One of my grandmother’s sisters, she was blind in her old age, but she married a Leslie Evie. Her name was Ebie Evie, and she was a Ebie Tinny Evie. Anyway, she and her husband owned what ended up to be a sort of a hotel later, but it was a boarding house and a post office and a waiver point for ships going down the west coast of Florida. And they stopped in there for provisions and so forth—before Tampa was a Tampa, before St. Petersburg was a St. Petersburg. Back in those days, it was one of the big stops along the way. So my aunt—my great-aunt, Ebie—she even hosted a Russian hierarchy woman that was in the hierarchy of the Russian—in the Russians. Anyway—but when she was a little girl. They were born—my aunt, grandmother, and her sisters, my great-aunts—they were born in a log cabin at Curlew, on Curlew Creek right there next to Dunedin, between Clearwater and Tarpon Springs in a little town called Dunedin. Curlew’s where they were born in a log cabin. Well, as a young girl, my grandmother’s sister was farmed out to live with a surgeon at Fort Brook in Tampa—before there was a Tampa—the fort there. So this surgeon and his wife raised Ebie as a little girl there, before she got married, anyway, for a number of years. So Fort Brook, in now-Tampa, was involved in all this. And then, another sister of my grandmother’s, who was a Tinny—born over there at that log cabin, Ira Wood. Ira Wood was her name, after her married name—Ira Tinny Wood. She and Ebie are two people that are very dear to my memory, because I would spend my school years in Sanford, all my summers over there swimming and scalloping and fishing at my grandparents’ there in Ozona, where they lived. And I spent an awful lot of time at their house. My Aunt Ira, her kitchen always smelled like a bakery, or had smell of those cookies, or something baked in there. I’ll never forget it. And then Ebie, she always sat on the front porch at 1981 High Alder, right by their house, and she’d sit on the porch since she was blind. But so many people, and I’m one of them, enjoyed just sitting there talking to her on that screened porch over the years. And, now, Aunt Ira, who was one of the sisters I was telling you about, of my grandmother, she had a son named Duane—William Duane Wood. That was the name of her husband, but this was William Duane II, and we called him Duane. He and my father were very close, and they grew up together, and he was a naval pilot in World War II. And after he got out of the Navy, he wasn’t a fighter pilot, but he was in the Navy, and he gave me a ride in a Piper Cub he had with floats, there in Ozona. Gave me my first sea plane ride. But anyway, he was hired by the Department of Interior—United States Department of Interior—to oversee Sanibel, the island down there. He lived by the lighthouse, and they provided him an airplane and a launch, and he protected the island from the turtles that, you know, nested there, and different things. He flew up and down the coast and provided samples of water. Anyway, before he died—and I was with him when he passed away over in Tarpon Springs, with my aunt—now that was my aunt that flew in the first airline. But anyway, my uncle<a title="">[5]</a>, Duane Wood, he contributed and helped build the flying model, the Benoist model XIV, which was the air boat that Tony Janus flew in 1914. And then our president—remember I’m in the Florida Aviation Historical Society—and our president’s gone now, but he flew in 1984, he flew over the same route—this re-model, flying model of the original airplane that flew back in 1914. He flew it over that route, and it’s all documented. And afterwards, it ended up in a museum near Clearwater, and Russell [St.] Arnold, who was a director in the Florida Aviation Historical Society and the primary person responsible for building this flying replica, is the one that gave me my membership and introduced me. I happened to be over showing some videotapes of air shows at Daytona and around to my uncle, Duane, while he was bedridden in Tarpon Springs before he died. Russell [St.] Arnold was there, called him over, and I was able to meet him. And I found out that Duane was instrumental in helping build, or contributing money, contributing something, I don’t what he contributed to the building of this air boat. Now, in 1991—I think it was, ’90 or ’91—before he died, Russell [St.] Arnold invited myself and my aunt to go see this flying model in the museum. And it was sitting on the floor at the time, and Russ said, “John, get in.” I said, “I can’t do that. That’s a museum piece.” He said, “Well, it’s mine. I guess you can!” I got in there, and he took a photograph of me standing next to it with my aunt standing beside it, and I have a good picture of that. So now, today, the model—that flying model of the Benoist model XIV flying boat—hangs in the museum in St. Petersburg, at the million dollar pier right there at their historical museum, and they’ve got mannequins in the cockpit up there. But not long ago, a Nicole Stott, who was from Clearwater, flew on the space shuttle as a mission specialist. She carried the banner that flew on the first Benoist model XIV, or on that flight—first flight—with Tony Janus in 1914. She took that aboard the space shuttle, and it’s been returned, and now, if you looked at the airplane hanging in the museum, you’ll see that banner up there that she flew in the space shuttle. Not only that, there’s another connection if you want to hear it, about that. Morris Of course, sir. Salsbury Okay. I didn’t know it, but being a member of the Florida Aviation Historical Society, I knew Ed Hoffman[, Sr.], who was a man that started our society, and was instrumental in building this too, and all that with our president. He passed on here a while back, the day before he was supposed to be inducted into Florida Aviation’s hall of fame. And, anyway, his son, Eddie [Hoffman]—Ed was an architect in San—uh, Tarpon Springs. And he did the interior decoration for the famous—world-famous—Pappas [Riverside] Restaurant. It was over at Tarpon Springs. But anyway, his son, Eddie, is a pilot and he has his own plane, and he’s an architect, and he and I are in communication with each other. And he sent me an e-mail a while back. And it so happened that Nicole Stott and her father—or at least the family—were friends of the Hoffmans—my friends. And Nicole Stott’s father was an aerobatic pilot. He liked flying aerobatics. Well, he took up one of the Hoffman’s flying boots[?], and somehow it crashed into a seawall and he drowned sometime back. And so, uh, that was a tragic ending there. But Nicole Stott, his daughter, ended up being a, uh, shuttle mission specialist, and flying a mission—a few missions back. So I just wanted to mention that. Morris Ah. Thank you very much, sir. Do you have anything else you’d like to discuss before we wrap things up? Salsbury You know, things were out of context and not chronologically spoken. But I’m glad I remembered the things that I did, and I only want to close by saying that photography has meant so much to me now, and I’m enjoying my days now using a digital Nikon camera that I use for the shuttle and getting wonderful wildlife pictures here in Seminole County. Morris Thank you so much for coming today, sir. Salsbury Okay. Morris Really appreciate that. Salsbury Thank you. Morris Okay, go ahead. Salsbury Okay. Something I want to add. In early 1994, Florida Aviation Historical Society’s president, Ed Hoffman, Sr., asked me to get together photographs of the Cape [Canaveral] area—Kennedy, Cape Kennedy—to go in Florida Aviation History in Pictures. It’s going to be made into an exhibit for the Florida Aviation Museum [Florida Air Museum] in Lakeland. And he gave me the assignment of handling the Cape. So, I had contacted Washington[, D.C.] and Houston and obtained the transparencies I needed to have prints made. And I—well, later—and this was on April the 11th of ’94—the SUN ‘n FUN air show was going on, and they closed the museum there at Lakeland [Linder Regional] Airport to have a dedication ceremony for our exhibit that the Florida Aviation Historical Society put on—Florida Aviation in Pictures. And so, I attended that, and I had my camera, and I was photographing our president, Hoffman, as he was at the podium, and the director of the SUN ‘n FUN started identifying celebrities or people in the crowd. And he mentioned Curtis Brown, and I lit up and knew immediately who it was. I turned, and I went straight, I left the podium and went straight to him, and I asked him if he would pose for me in front of the exhibit I put together on the Cape, there in the museum. And he did. He posed with me and the president in there, and I didn’t know at the time, but Curt Brown also carried aloft on his mission, STS-66, later. A few months later, he carried aloft a decal and a document from the museum, the SUN ‘n FUN museum. Now it’s the Florida Aviation Museum. So, as it turned out, I got a chance to meet him and talk with him, and he recalled getting a picture from me of one of the launches when he was at CAPCON, one of the controllers of a mission at Houston. Okay. I told Astronaut Brown that if I got good a picture at his launch, I would send it to him and ask him to autograph it, and so forth. As it turned out, November the 3rd of that year, it was the best picture I’ve ever taken. And I set up two cameras, same location, just to be—to try to get a good picture, and it turned out that way. It’s done very well for me. In fact, a 30 x 40 is hanging in that Florida Aviation Museum now, in Lakeland, as well as in the Viera Hospital, Viera Hospital over here on the coast, near Kennedy. And then the Kennedy Space Center Media Center, and different places. Anyway, Curt Brown later was the commander of the mission that flew John Glenn back into space. And, well, I want to back up just a few days, because that dedication ceremony took place on the 11th of April of 1984. On the 8th of April of, just a few days earlier, STS-59 Endeavor was to launch on the 8th. And I was out at the fire training tower in the boonies, which was actually about four miles from the pad where the shuttle was. I was out there getting ready to photograph the launch, and up these metal stairs came Ronald Howard, Opie [Taylor] of The Andy Griffith Show, and now a director, producer—anyway, a movie star. His wife and daughter, along with Tom Hanks and his wife. And NASA escorts had brought them up there right beside me, to where I was shooting from. Well, I had a very powerful pair of binoculars—ten power—and they only weighed about nine ounces—Pentax—and I decided to let them use them to look at the shuttle from where we were. And that was the 8th of April, and that day, the shuttle was scrubbed and didn’t go up. But the next day, Tom Hanks couldn’t come with his wife. They had to go back or they couldn’t make it, but Ron Howard walked up to the stairs with his wife and daughter, came straight to me, and said, “Your binoculars are on the front page of The Orlando Sentinel this morning.” Here Tom Hanks is with my binoculars, looking at the shuttle. Well anyway, I let Ron Howard have my binoculars so they could use them to look at the launch. Well, I photographed it, and he let his daughter use them, and they stood right next to me as the shuttle actually launched on the 9th of April. Well, I told Ron Howard—in fact, I brought the picture of him next to me, I brought that up and he autographed it right on the spot. But I told him that I knew the pilot, Curt Brown—no, Kevin Chilton, I want to back up there. The pilot then was Kevin Chilton. I knew the pilot and I would have an autographed picture sent to him for his daughter, and I did that later. I got a NASA photo, 8 x 10, and had Chilton autograph it, and I sent it to Ron Howard. But, having a chance to meet Ron Howard and Tom Hanks and everything there, for a launch, was a highlight that I don’t want to forget. You can pause if you want to. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Note: These are “over shoes.” Two wooden shaped cow hooves attached to a metal base that would appear to leave cow hoof prints. </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> Correction: 1942. </div> <div> <a title="">[3]</a> [3] Correction: 1942. </div> <div> <a title="">[4]</a> Salsbury worked at Disney-MGM Studios from 1995 to 2000. </div> <div> <a title="">[5]</a> Correction: cousin. </div> </div> Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/728e65523012d71068a9e389e9b7eddf.mp3" target="_blank">Oral History of John Louis Salsbury</a> 1st U.S. Volunteer Calvary 9th Street Abraham Bellamy Addie Burke Addie Burke Salsbury Addie Salsbury Air Defense Control Center Al Shepard Alan Bartlett Shepard, Jr. Alan Shepard American Legion Anna Frank Bellamy Apollo 13 astronauts Babe Ruth Ball, Bettye baseballs Belleview Biltmore Resort Bettye Ball Bettye Ball Deadman Bettye Deadman Bill Von Herbulis Brown, Curtis Buddy Lake Burke, Addie Buzz Aldrin Buzz Lightyear Cape Canaveral Cara Stenstrom Carolyn Patrick Carolyn Patrick Stenstrom Chilton, Kevin Chuck Yeager Clearwater Curlew Curlew Creek Curtis Broke Disney-MGM Studios Donald Knight Douglas Stenstrom Dunedin Ebie Tinny Ebie Tinny Evie Eckerd Ed Hoffman, Sr. Eddie Hoffman Edwin Eugene Aldrin, Jr. Florida Air Museum Florida Aviation Historical Society Florida Aviation in Pictures Fort Brook Frank Stenstrom Gale Frana Gale Salsbury George Herman Ruth, Jr. Harry Took Henry B. 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S. Air Force Walt Disney World Walter Lanier Barber William Bellamy William Duane Wood, Jr. William Duane Wood, Sr. Wood, Ira Tinny WTRR Sanford Yvonne Eubanks Yvonne Eubanks Salsbury Yvonne Salsbury https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fec9b77921e0994cce5dab2f6ab481bc.mp3 79c9c935661a1087d3454d4d4b43b337 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/44775ef5866d17ab7d73a7196eb445c7.pdf dfd59d2b2064be8b457d5917c8fff8b3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection Alternative Title Linda McKnight Batman Collection Subject Ocala (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Port Tampa (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Titusville (Fla.) Zellwood (Fla.) Description Collection of oral histories depicting the history of Seminole County, Florida. The project was funded by Linda McKnight Batman, a former teacher, historian, and Vice President of the State of Florida Commission on Ethics. Language eng Type Collection Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Museum of Seminole County History, and University of Central Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/744676869" target="_blank">Researcher's Guide to Seminole County Oral Histories: Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project</a>. [Sanford, Fla.]: Museum of Seminole County History, 2010. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> Coverage Seminole County, Florida Ocala, Florida Oviedo, Florida Port Tampa, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida Titusville, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Morris, Joseph Interviewee Cook, Arthurene Wilson Location <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida Bit Rate/Frequency 1411kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Arthurene Wilson Cook Alternative Title Oral History, Cook Subject Sanford (Fla.) World War II--United States Great Depression, 1929 Railroads--Florida Description An oral history of Arthurene Wilson Cook (b. 1930), conducted by Joseph Morris on October 4, 2011. Cook was born in Orlando, Florida, in 1930, but migrated to Sanford around 1942. In the interview, Cook discusses life in Sanford, her employment experiences, her husbands and children, growing up during the Great Depression, prosperity in the post-World War II era, her husband's career in the railroad industry, her children and grandchildren, and her battle with cancer. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:04:15 Working at the Wilson-Maier Furniture Company 0:07:21 RECORDING CUTS OFF 0:07:22 Working at the Wilson-Maier Furniture Company 0:07:48 Working at Florida Fashions and the Family Loan Company 0:07:48 Getting married, divorced, and remarried 0:12:32 Life in Sanford 0:14:11 Growing up during the Great Depression 0:14:11 Post-World War II prosperity 0:16:31 Greater Orlando area 0:17:59 Working for the tax collector 0:21:54 Walt Disney World 0:26:50 Working at the Sanford Civic Center 0:28:28 Husband's career in the railroad industry 0:35:19 RECORDING CUTS OFF 0:35:19 Husband, children, and grandchildren 0:38:49 Battle with cancer 0:43:54 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Arthurene Wilson Cook. Interview conducted by Joseph Morris at the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> in Sanford, Florida. Type Sound Source Original 44-minute and 42-second oral history: Cook, Arthurene Wilson. Interviewed by Joseph Morris. October 4, 2011. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/123" target="_blank">Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Orlando, Florida Sanford, Florida Columbus, Georgia Wynwood, Sanford, Florida Magic Kingdom Park, Lake Buena Vista, Florida Sanford Civic Center, Sanford, Florida Creator Morris, Joseph Cook, Arthurene Wilson Contributor Vickers, Savannah Date Created 2011-10-04 Date Modified 2014-09-14 Date Copyrighted 2011-10-04 Format audio/mp3 application/pdf Extent 451 MB 146 KB Medium 44-minute and 42-second audio recording 15-page typed digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Joseph Morris and Arthurene Wilson Cook. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Transcript Morris It is October 4th, 2011, and I am talking to Arthurene Wilson Cook at the Museum of Seminole County History. I am Joseph Morris, representing the Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project for the Historical Society of Central Florida. Could you tell us about yourself? Cook Well, I was born in Orlando in 1930, and we lived there until I was about eleven years-old, right after Pearl Harbor, so I would say, we moved into Sanford about 1942. And, um, I have a very clear remembrance of Pearl Harbor, because I remember being out in the yard. And my parents had company, and I went in, and they were all listening to the radio. And they were talking about the Japanese were attacking Pearl Harbor. And the next day when we went to school, they called us into the chapel, and we listened to FDR [Franklin D. Roosevelt] declare war on Japan. So I can remember that very clearly. We moved to Sanford, and we lived on Celery Avenue. And across the street from us was the Department of Agriculture. Had their, their farm, where they raised the various types of vegetables and things, and they tested them and all that kind of stuff. And my brother and I were absolutely enthused, because right up the road about two blocks—and after our house the blocks became long—they[sic] were farms, and they had all this tilled land where the artesian wells flooded the fields and watered them from beneath, rather than on top. And you could reach down there and the artesian wells flowed all the time. Well, we thought all that sulfur water was wonderful. Then we had to live in a house that had sulfur water, and it was not wonderful. Smelled awful. [laughs] But we thought that this was new. We had never lived in the country. We had lived in town—in Orlando—so we were not used to being out, but we went all up and down the fields and cut onions out of the agriculture people’s farm, and made onion sandwiches, and were just carefree, barefooted kids having a good time. And, then when we moved to Sanford, I was I think in the fifth grade, and we were here for several years. And then, this is the middle of World War II. And my dad had been in the Army before, and had gotten out when he married my mother in 1927. So, he was drafted. And they were not drafting fathers, but they drafted him. And we did not own a home at that time. We were renting. And so we went back to Georgia, to Columbus, Georgia, and lived with my grandparents during World War II while he was gone. And, Georgia was—at that time, had graduated in eleven grades. So when the war was over, I was a senior in high school, and my mother and dad and my brother moved back to Daytona [Beach], and I stayed in Georgia and finished high school. So, I came back, and I didn’t want to go to school another year, so I had already finished. So, and at that point, I went—I had gone to a commercial high school, so I had typing, shorthand, bookkeeping, and how to behave like a young lady in an office and all that kind of stuff. Cook So I went to work. And Mom and Daddy, at that time, they had moved over to Sanford. My dad was running a furniture store for another man, called Ted Davis Furniture Company. It was right on East First Street, and part of the downtown area now. And as time went on, the man that owned it offered my dad a partnership, which he took, and this took care of—as time went on, and after we were grown and married, my brother and I bought into that, and we owned the Wilson-Maier Furniture Company. Morris Okay. Cook But, um, I can remember we lived out on the lakefront, which—there’s still a bar out there, but it was down. It was the home of the people that owned the bar, and it was a real nice home, right on the lakefront, going toward DeLand. And when the hurricane came, they were advising people to get out of places that were, you know, dangerous to stay in, because it was coming right that way. So we went down to the store and I can remember, I got up on a stack of mattresses and put something down and went to sleep. So the hurricane went right over me. I had no problem. [laughs] But I remember out West First Street, which is now that main road [State Road] 46, that goes out to the mall. And all the businesses are out there—that was all agriculture, completely, I mean fields and fields and fields of it. And, um… Morris What were they growing? Cook A lot of celery, and cabbage, and broccoli, and onions, and all that kind of stuff. And a lot of oranges, grapefruit, tangerines. I remember, I was sort of full of myself, riding with my dad one day out West First Street, and I said, you know, “This is a highly agricultural area.” He says, “Yeah, they do a bit of farming, too.” [laughs] So, but, uh, it was just a neat place to grow up in. The class that I would have graduated from—with—in Seminole High School, when I came back, since I had been here for several years with them, they sort of just wrapped me into that class, so that I had to go to all, everything, just like I had gone to school here. So it was a nice place to grow up. And—stop for a minute. Morris Sure thing. Please go on, ma’am. Cook All right, well after high school, I went to work for my dad in the furniture store, and, um, I was not very businesslike nor did I feel like it was—I just did not do well, so he fired me. [laughs] Morris Your father fired you? Cook My father fired me. And I went to the employment agency and they sent me to Florida Fashions, which was right there on First Street in the 300 block. And it was a mail-order company for all kinds of clothes, and it was something to where everybody and anybody that could type had a job there. You just sat down and you typed out all—the order and who you will send it to. And it wasn’t much of a job, but anyway, you typed all day and it was downtown, and you know you could—at lunch, you could go downtown and have lunch, and all that kind of stuff. Anyway, I finally went to work for, um, it was the sporting goods people. That was downstairs from Florida Fashions and I was their bookkeeper, and this was right across the street from our store. So, um, I was working and waiting on people when I wasn’t busy doing keeping books, and the owner came in one day and he told me, he said, “Arthurene, I’m going to have to let you go.” And I said, you know—my first thought was, “What have I done?” He said, “There is no fault of yours. I will give you a very good recommendation.” Well, he said, “My brother-in-law has moved down here and I have to give him a job, and I can’t keep both of you.” So at that, I went back to the employment agency, and I got, they sent me to Family Loan Company. Well, I went up there and they wanted to know if I could take shorthand, and I could, and type and books and wait on the customers there. And I worked there until my first child was born. And that was about three years later. And, um, I married in 1950, and I had two little boys, David and Dan. And, in the process my husband came home one day and said he wanted a divorce. And, um, so, as time went on—didn’t take very long. Back then if you agreed and he agreed and they were going to do whatever, you could have a divorce in nothing flat. So I had my two little boys, and I had moved home with my mom and daddy. And I got a job at the courthouse with the tax collector’s office, and I worked there for a number of years. And I always said when I got out of high school that it didn’t matter what kind of job I would get, but just something that didn’t have anything to do with money. So every job I ever had had something to do with money. [laughs] And, then, a friend of mine whose husband worked for the railroad, I had been best friends with her ever since she had come to town. And I went over and a guy that I knew from high school, just very briefly—matter of fact, I was dating his best friend, and I really didn’t know anything about him, and he asked me out. And I said, “Well, you”—he said, well, you know, like going to the beach or going to the movies, or something. We went out to dinner and all, and I said, “Well yes, I would like to go, but,” I said, “I can’t always get a babysitter. There will be times that I would have to take my two boys with me.” He said, “Well, that’s not a problem. I like children.” So we started going together, and we went to the beach, and he reached over and put his hand on my leg, and I said, “Move your hand.” And he said, “Well, somebody thinks that I was their daddy.” I said, “I don’t care what they think. Move it.” [laughs] Anyway, we went together for a year, and we married in 1955, and we have been married a little more than 56 years. So I think it’s going to take. I think it’s going to. [laughs] Morris Crossed fingers? Cook Yeah. [laughs] So, but, to go back to our, um, what it was like around here. There was a division of the black and white communities. And there were only three really big companies that people could go to work for, and feel like, that they could probably retire from that. And that was Chase & Company, who—they raised all sorts of things, and vegetables of all kinds, celery being the main crop. And—but they did fruits and all sorts of vegetables, and cabbage, and carrots. You name it. The fields were everywhere. Matter of fact, when we lived out on the lakefront, the field behind us was—well, as far as you could see back toward First Street. Whatever they had was growing there, the man would always—there was some man that he rented the fields out to other people that actually didn’t own a farm. But they would—this was big, you know, large farming, a lot of it. And they would always say to my mother, “Whatever you need out of here, take it.” So if it was green beans, we had green beans. And if it was cabbage, you know, whatever, we had. And to go back just a little ways, but—probably never get this transcribed. When I was growing up during the [Great] Depression, I was never aware of being poor, or not having anything, because nobody had anything to speak of. People didn’t own—very few people owned their own homes. Everybody worked. And, I mean, like my parents when the Depression came along—they had a thousand dollars in the bank. They got a penny. And, I mean, you know, but, I remember I got a bike, and I knew my daddy had redone a bike, you know, a secondhand bike, but it never bothered me. I got a bike. I didn’t care. But, it was, after the war, there was a lot of boom going on and building houses and things, so there was lots of work for people. And I know when Walter [Cook] and I got married, we actually bought a house. The Navy was leaving here at that point, or they had gotten—they had built houses in the Wynwood section off 25th street, between there and 46 going toward the east coast. And in that area there, they had two lots of houses that they had built to rent to Navy people. And they quit renting them, redid them, and we bought one of them, where we lived for 31 and a half years. And we built onto it in every direction, but we lived there for a long time. But, you know, the downtown was just about all there was. When you got off as far as French Avenue—that was almost getting in the country. And like I said about coming from Orlando, you would run into Maitland, and see a sign that said, “Ye Town of Maitland, County of Orange.” And I always thought at—so quaint. I just looked for it every time. And then when you got to Longwood, it was just a crossroads with filling station. I mean, there was nothing out there, absolutely nothing. Morris Not even agriculture? Cook I don’t remember much in that area, and of course, I didn’t do a whole lot in Longwood at that point. Never did. And you know, whatever shopping we ever did, you went to Orlando to buy it. When I first got out of high school, this friend and I—both of us worked, and we worked Saturday morning, and then the office closed at noon. And we would get on the Greyhound bus and go to Orlando, and do our shopping right there on Orange Avenue, have lunch, and then we’d get on the bus and come back home that night. And didn’t think a thing about it. We even went to Jacksonville one day and visited a friend that had gotten married, and went early on a Saturday morning and came back Saturday night. You know, the bus was the way to go. But, uh, I was still working at the courthouse when Walter and I got married. And he was working for the railroad, and he worked at night. And back then I worked in the tax collector’s office, because they hired me because I was a fast typist. And I did all the—typed up all the tag numbers and who they belonged to. So then, when all the tax bills were written out—handwritten—the legal descriptions, the whole nine yards was handwritten. So up when it was time to do like tags for Chase & Company—which they would have hundreds, because those little trucks that go back and forth across the highway, they have to have a special tag that they cross the highway. And we would have boxes full of Chase & Company things, and we did them at night. So we’d go back and we’d type all those and wait ‘til about 10 o’clock, and then I’d go home. And we had to write out all the tax bills. And for the big companies—when I went to work in the courthouse in 1953, I was, uh—the big books, that had all the tax rolls in them, had Sanlando Springs. They were valued on the tax roll, I will say that. You could—on a tax roll, they were valued at $10 a lot. Why I didn’t buy out there for those lots, or well, uh—Sanlando Springs was a beautiful place to swim when we were growing up and going there. You could go in and they had this wonderful place to swim and you had picnics, and everything for years. And then when it started growing up, the whole place is businesses, and restaurants, and mortgage companies, you know, it’s just solid. And if you get there under I[nterstate]-4 now, prepare to tear out your hair, because traffic is horrendous. [laughs] But back then, that was just uh, right up the road. But I worked until we paid my daddy off for the furniture we bought for our house, because we bought a house before we got married, and then we came back home and signed the papers on it that we, you know—so it would be in both our names. So it was all furnished and all before we got married, and I worked at the courthouse until about the late part of ’56. And my husband said, “One of us has got to raise the boys, and the other one has got to make a living, and I think I can do better than you.” Well, I knew that he could make better money than I was, because I wasn’t making but $25 a week. [laughs] Morris Okay. Cook So I went home and stayed home, and in about 18 months, or two years, we had a daughter. So I was very busy being a mother and a wife, and doing a lot of church work. I’ve been a member of First Baptist Church of Sanford since 1947. I’m still there, and I’ve done a little bit of everything there. But, um, you know, back before [Walt] Disney [World], it was just a whole different thing. When my daughter was in high school, somebody told her that she could—if she was cute she could get a job at Walt Disney World, on the main gate of the Magic Kingdom. So she went down there and applied with a bunch of girls, and she worked there all through high school, and all through college, on every, uh—summers, Christmas, anytime they were off for any period of time, she worked down there. So we got in free, which was wonderful. And we got to see, you know, the Main Street Parade, when the fireworks went off for the Fourth of July, all of that stuff. And, you know, they drove back and forth. I know very few people that work at Disney World anymore, because of the traffic between the two places. It’s just not happening. [laughs] But, um, I worked at the, um—I went back and forth to the courthouse. Shortly after—before, I had my daughter, they called me in and said they were going to go to—I can’t remember what it was—but what they said we had to do was type the entire tax roll into a metal plate, that they were going to print off this metal plate. And they were going to print tax rolls. So we had to do the legal, the name of who owned it, and all this, on, uh—and we were in the—this was the old courthouse. We were in the basement, and this thing, I mean—you know what metal cutting into metal would be. “Whoom whoom whoom.” Morris Yes. Cook [laughs] It was really crazy. But, um, I remember Dottie Anthony—who was Dottie von Turbulis[sp] at that time. And she and I spent several—about a month or two working down there. Every time they had something that they needed, they’d call me in. And for years a friend of mine, Louise Austin, and I would go back and we would work when, um—there were twin sisters in one office, and when they left, they had to have somebody cover for them in the clerk’s office. And I worked down there many, many summers until they went to computers. And then I knew nothing about computers, and it was fast. And the [Seminole] County, by then, was growing so fast, they had, uh, you know—two people being out, it was nothing. Morris Oh, I understand. Cook You know, they, uh—but back when you do it all by hand, it was, it really was something. But, um… Morris So these were all jobs after you were married? And you would stay home with the children, but they would call you in occasionally for help? Cook Right. Right. Morris Okay. Cook Yeah, I’ve even—they’ve called and said, “Will you come in and do the docket for us?” I would, you know, go in at one o’clock, sit down and type for four hours, and get up and leave. And they offered me a job and said I could come when I wanted to and leave when I wanted to, if I would just do it. So I told my husband about it, and he didn’t say much. So the first day I left him at home, I told him, “Now, the boys have homework. They need to do the homework. And they need to do it.” Well, he didn’t do anything. And I said, “I don’t know how you could expect me to work if you’re not going to help me.” He said, “I did not ask you to go to work.” He didn’t want me to go to work. [laughs] But, uh, and then I did many, many years of, uh, when the voting—I was clerk of one of the precincts, the court, the [Sanford] Civic Center. I was down there first as just a helper, and then I was the clerk for a number of years. And that was, it was always a lot of fun, because you got to see everybody in that whole precinct. But by the time I was in my seventies, getting up at 4:30 and working until seven o’clock that night lost a lot of its luster. [laughs] Morris Oh, I can imagine. Cook But the last election, we did early voting out at the office there on the airport. And I said to the gal—she was, you know, telling—complaining about it. And I said, “I used to work the elections.” “Would you like to work now?” And I said, “No, thank you.” [laughs] But, um, let’s see now who we—well, I’ve covered my job, and my family, and, uh… Morris Well, how about your husband’s job? What kind of work did he do? Cook Railroad. We didn’t cover the railroad. Uh, he was working for the railroad when I started dating him. And he had—they would call me and say—he’d be off on a run and they would call me and say, “He’s going to have to go straight through to Tampa. Will you have a set of clean clothes and something for him to eat when he comes through?” So you go out, and the train comes in, and you hand him this, and hand him that, and off he goes. And then we had been on train trips where the railroad would do a lot for their employees. And one time they took us all the way on the train to Rainbow Springs, over in—up around the Gainesville area. A day trip. And out to, uh, there was another springs that we went to one time. But, um, it worked a lot better that, you know, that I was at home and him working at night. Because in the beginning, you know, if you’re starting at the bottom, you work whatever. But like he says, they always were on time paying you, and you never had to worry about the check not being any good. It was a busy thing. And not everybody can live railroading. That is a whole different lifestyle, because they are gone probably 75 percent of the time. And you never know day, or if they work the extra board, you don’t know day or night, where they’re going. When the telephone rings, that’s when you go to work. And I know, I guess about the worst thing that ever happened to him on the railroad, was, um, he came home one morning, and he was pretty shook up. And we were eating breakfast, and he told the kids that he had ran over a little girl that ran in front of the train. Morris Oh, no. Cook And, uh, he had about three different people, that, uh—he was coming out of Tampa one time, and a lady looked up at him and walked right in front of the train. And then, of course they put on emergency brake, you know, you can’t stop a train on a dime. Morris No. Cook I mean, if you get stopped in a mile, you’re doing good[sic], and that’s with air brakes and the whole business. And he said the woman came up and asked, he said, “What happened?” And he said, “Well, there was a young lady stepped in front of me just as I got to her.” And he said she said, “What was she wearing?” And Walter told her, and she said, “That was my daughter.” And, uh, he had about three of those, and they always—I mean, it’s hard. It happened to my son, too. When my oldest son, David, became old enough, he worked at the store for my daddy and all of us. And he went out to SCC [Seminole Community College], but he was not a student at all. He wouldn’t even let us pay for his books or anything, he said because, “If I don’t do good[sic], then you won’t say, ‘Well, I paid for all this.’” He said, “I paid for it myself.” [laughs] So every Wednesday when he got off, he would go to the railroad and ask them about a job, and this went on for quite some time, but he got a job and went to Jacksonville. So that happened to him. But when you work on the railroad, that it was one of the things. People, cars, things run out in front of you and there’s no way to stop. And you just never know. But it’s a well-paying job, and the benefits were great, and we just adjusted. Morris Okay. Cook We just adjusted to the whole thing, and didn’t have any problem. And then when, right before he retired, we, on our 40th wedding anniversary, we took a train from Sanford to Los Angeles[, California], and then we rented a car and went up to Portland, Oregon. And we went space available, which is like half-price if you’re on another railroad. And we stayed there a couple or three days. Portland is a wonderful city to visit. And he got up about three o’clock in the morning, and he said, “I’m going to call and see what they can do about getting us going home.” And he came back in a few minutes, and he said there’s a young lady, she says, “I can get you home, not the way want to go, but I can get you back home.” And he says, “All right, we’ll take it.” And she said, “It’ll take five days.” [laughs] And we had to go back to L.A., and up to Chicago[, Illinois], and over to Philadelphia[, Pennsylvania], to Richmond[, Virginia] to Sanford. [laughs] But we had bedrooms all the way, so that was not too bad. Morris Oh, okay. Cook But the clothes that I wore on that trip—I don’t think I ever had on again. I was so tired of them. Oh, let’s stop a minute. Morris Sure thing, ma’am. Ma’am, would you tell us a little more about your family? I know you mentioned your son in the railroad business briefly. Cook Uh, well, there was my husband Walter, and we had the three children. David was born in ’51, and Dan in ’53, and Sherry [Cook] in ’58. And now we have 10 grandchildren, and we have seven great-grandchildren. And just this past spring, in less than two months, we had three little girls born. Morris Triplets? Cook No. It seems that all of these children had finished college, gotten married, and they were all fairly close between the families, so all of them started having babies all at one time. [laughs] Morris Okay. Cook So we had four, and then all of a sudden three more. So we don’t have anything to even think about right now. [laughs] Morris Rushed up [inaudible] a horde of great-grandchildren. Cook Yes. So that has kept us very, very busy. My husband has been retired 16 years. And up until a few years ago, we spent part of every summer in North Carolina. And then we thought, after a while, that we had—well, when we first started going up, you know, there were a lot of people from Sanford, and we had our own little Sanford in North Carolina. And we would spend the summer up there and do all sorts of things, and then, you know, they had to move back home. They might have died, went somewhere else, and all of a sudden none of those people are up there anymore. So it has made a difference. But my oldest son David lives in The Villages, and that’s a very busy lifestyle and a whole lot of different way of living. Everybody travels in their golf cart, and if you want to be busy, there are a gillion[sic] things you can do. My son Dan died nine years ago, and my daughter Sherry lives in Carey, North Carolina. She works for the State of North Carolina. She spent nine years in the Marine Corps, and in that time married a Marine. Morris Oh, okay. She was in the Marines, then. Cook Yep. And she says, “Once a Marine, always a Marine.” So she and her husband have four children, and David and his wife had four children, and Dan and his wife had two. So that was our 10 grandchildren, and trying to keep up with all of them wasn’t a problem when I was younger, and the older I get, the harder that is to do. And back in 2001, I—well, let me go back. Back in ’96, I had a total knee replacement. When I woke up, they told me I had a blip in my blood protein that had to be investigated. Well, I had no idea what a blip in my blood protein could mean to me. So finally, I said, “Well, what do I have to do?” “Well, we’re going to X-ray every bone in your body, and if you have holes in them, we will start treatment today.” I thought, “Wow.” Well, I had the X-ray, and there were no holes in my bones, so they said, “Now you have to have a bone marrow transplant.” No, not—bone marrow biopsy. And if it is clear, you just need to have your blood checked every six months.” Well, I had the biopsy, and I had my bones checked every six months. And they did the blood work, and every time, they said, “If you don’t hear from us, we’ll see you in six months.” This went on for five years. At the end of the fifth year in 2001, they called me back, and they said that they needed to do some testing. And after about the third test, I said, “Is it cancer?” And he said, “Without a doubt.” Morris What type of cancer was it, ma’am? Cook Multiple myeloma, which is a blood-borne cancer. But if it is let go, it causes the bones to crumble. And so they told me that if you did not treat it, or if it was not diagnosed and, you know, nothing—you had no symptoms or you didn’t go to the doctor for years, you could be walking along and you could break your arm, your leg, your neck, back, whatever. So they told me that I was very fortunate that I had been checked for five years, and so mine had just become to the point where I had to have, uh—take care of it. So I started on the chemo[therapy]. And I lost all my hair, which is always a big shock to women. But, uh, anyway—and then some of the medicines they gave me, years down the road, after you’d been taking them a while—four years—I discovered that one of the medicines had destroyed my jawbone. So I had went to a doctor in Miami. He was the only one in the world—he found out about it, he worked on it. He went in the lab and did the pharmacology and all. And last October, I have a titanium jawbone from my ear to the middle of my chin. Morris Titanium? Cook Titanium. Morris Chewing will never be a problem for you, ma’am. Cook [laughs] No. So, I’ve been in remission now about four years. Morris Okay. Cook And, uh, there’s no cure for multiple myeloma, but I’ll take remission. [laughs] And that’s where my energy went. [laughs] Morris Oh. Dealing with all the grandchildren got a little hard after that? Cook It got really difficult. So I wrote them a real sweet letter last year, and told them that I loved them all, that I would love to have them visit and all that, but I was going to, uh, I said, at Christmastime, I’ll always do the same thing. But all these birthdays and all, when you’re married, you know—we went from 10 to almost 20 real quick. And then they started having children. So I said, “I’m doing the great-grand[kid]s.” I will do those. And so far, none of them have complained. But, yeah, I kept asking the nurses when I was first diagnosed, oncology nurses, I said, “When will I get my energy back?” They said, “Some time you never do.” But I have been very blessed, because when I got on the computer and looked at what multiple myeloma was in 2001, I did not expect to be here. So I am very blessed. Morris Congratulations, ma’am. Cook And, so our family has grown. And Sanford has grown like you wouldn’t believe. And in every community—all the places where the mall is—was all agriculture. And, used to, you would go for miles and miles between Orlando and Sanford and see nothing. And now there’s not as bare space between the two. [laughs] So there has been a lot of change, not all of it for the better, but there’s a lot of blessings too. And I thank you. That was it. Morris All right. Thank you very much, ma’am. 1st Street Anthony, Dottie Von Turbulis artesian wells Austin, Louise bookkeepers cancers Carey, North Carolina Celery Avenue Chase & Company Columbus, Georgia Cook, Arthurene Wilson Cook, Sherry Cook, Walter courthouses divorces Downtown Sanford drafts elections Family Loan Company First Baptist Church of Sanford First Street Florida Fashions French Avenue Great Depression Historical Society of Central Florida hurricanes Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Longwood Magic Kingdom Maitland Morris, Joseph multiple myeloma Museum of Seminole County History Orange Avenue orlando Pearl Harbor, Hawaii railroads railways Sanford Sanford Civic Center Sanford, North Carolina Sanlando Springs Seminole High School SR 46 tax collectors Ted Davis Furniture Company The Villages trains Von Turbulis, Dottie voting Walt Disney World Wilson-Maier Furniture Company Wilson, Arthurene World War II WWII Wynwood, 25th Street https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1e3d6a8903fd876f397fb8e874e95303.mp3 fcc6d527a46d56948c35456b7a21f329 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d3db22861b20e15022993b037d91af11.pdf 7fa2aef6d827b83921203af64caa1714 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection Alternative Title Linda McKnight Batman Collection Subject Ocala (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Port Tampa (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Titusville (Fla.) Zellwood (Fla.) Description Collection of oral histories depicting the history of Seminole County, Florida. The project was funded by Linda McKnight Batman, a former teacher, historian, and Vice President of the State of Florida Commission on Ethics. Language eng Type Collection Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Museum of Seminole County History, and University of Central Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/744676869" target="_blank">Researcher's Guide to Seminole County Oral Histories: Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project</a>. [Sanford, Fla.]: Museum of Seminole County History, 2010. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> Coverage Seminole County, Florida Ocala, Florida Oviedo, Florida Port Tampa, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida Titusville, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Morris, Joseph Interviewee Whittington, Charles Location <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Charles Whittington Alternative Title Oral History, Whittington Subject Sanford (Fla.) Celery Agriculture--Florida National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.) Army Air Force Description An oral history of Charles Whittington b. 1938), conducted by Joseph Morris on November 18, 2011. Whittington was born in Sanford, Florida, in March of 1938. In the interview, he discusses his childhood in Sanford and Charleston, celery and gladiola farming, his father's service in the U.S. Navy, his mother and sister, how Sanford has changed over time, his employment history, his world travel experiences, his activities after retirement, his work with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),his wife and children, his service in the U.S. Army and in the U.S. Air Force, and the Apollo 8. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:56 Growing up in Sanford and Charleston 0:04:33 Father’s gas station 0:05:13 Celery and gladiola farming 0:09:55 Working on a farm 0:14:07 Father’s service in the Navy 0:19:29 Parents and sister 0:23:04 How Sanford has changed over time 0:25:44 Employment history 0:29:05 World travel experiences 0:34:06 Retirement 0:37:15 Working with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 0:40:11 Wife and children 0:45:25 Serving in the Army and the Air Force 0:55:04 Apollo 8 0:57:01 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Charles Whittington. Interview conducted by Joseph Morris at the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> in Sanford, Florida. Type Sound Source Original 58-minute and 16-second oral history: Whittington, Charles Interviewed. by Joseph Morris. November 18, 2011. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/123" target="_blank">Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Sinclair Oil Corporation Gas Station, Sanford, Florida Charleston Naval Shipyard, Charleston, South Carolina Sanford, Florida Anchorage, Alaska Creator Morris, Joseph Whittington, Charles Contributor Vickers, Savannah Date Created 2011-11-18 Date Modified 2014-10-10 Date Copyrighted 2011-11-18 Format audio/mp3 application/pdf Extent 451 MB 197 KB Medium 58-minute and 16-second audio recording 22-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Joseph Morris and Charles Whittington, and trasncribed by Savannah Vickers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Mills, Jerry W., and F. Blair Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11338196" target="_blank">A Chronology of the Development of the City of Sanford, Florida: With Major Emphasis on Early Growth</a>, 1975. Transcript Morris This is an interview with Charles Whittington. This interview is being conducted on the 18th of November, 2011, at the Museum of Seminole County History. The interviewer is Joseph Morris, representing the Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project for the Historical Society of Central Florida. Sir, could you tell us about where and when you were born? Whittington Yes, I was born in Seminole County, in Sanford, at the old Fernald-Laughton Sanford Hospital, and that was in March of 1938. The building is still standing, and the last time I was by there, it was used as a—I believe it was a halfway house of sorts. I’m not really sure, and I’m not well-informed on that, but that was my understanding. But it is still there. It’s across from the old Sanford library. Morris Okay, sir, and can you describe the place where you grew up? Whittington Yes, my dad owned a Sinclair [Oil Corporation] gas station on the corner of [South] Park Avenue and [East] Second [Street], and we had a little home on Oak Avenue. When World War II broke out in 1942, my dad was offered a job as a machinist in the Navy shipyard<a title="">[1]</a> in Charleston, South Carolina. And we moved up there, and my dad worked in the division of the shipyard that later became the test bed for our first nuclear research into nuclear-powered ships. And it was highly classified and very structured, and he didn’t understand why at the time. and I didn’t either, until later, realized that no wonder was it top secret—I mean, because this was our first involvement in nuclear research for, you know, powering anything. And then, in the latter part of 1943, my dad had saved enough money to come back here and buy a farm. We bought a little 13-acre farm on Richmond Avenue, and moved down there. And my dad—it was sort of a lifelong dream for him—went into farming. And at that time, primarily we grew celery, and corn and cabbage, other crops that could be shipped up north. But the days of the small farmer in Seminole County, toward the end of that decade—the end of the ‘40s—was starting pretty rapidly to come to an end. The soil was worn out, and much of the farming had moved to the Everglades, to the area around Lake Okeechobee. And my dad hung on, and tried to make it, and he finally realized that we were going under, and this just wasn’t going to do it for us. And we sold the farm, and moved to Pasco County, down near Tampa, and he got back into the poultry industry there and did, you know, quite well. But I hated to leave. I loved Sanford. I loved being raised on a small farm, and it was a big disappointment for me to leave Sanford, especially in my sophomore year in high school. The two schools were just as, you know, much different as night and day—the high school here and the high school down there. The one down there wouldn’t come anywhere near the quality of what we had here in Sanford, and I missed that very much. And I come back to Seminole County as often as I can, and that’s why I’m here today, for this interview and also to meet with some former classmates. And I still feel like this is my hometown, but it’s also, if anyone asks me where I’m from it’s always Sanford, not Zephyrhills. Morris Okay, sir. And you said your dad, prior to World War II, he ran or owned a... Whittington A Sinclair gas station. Morris A gas station. What happened to that when he moved to South Carolina for the machinist job? Whittington Okay. He sold it to someone else, and the station now is the office of Edward Jones Investment Agency, and Bill Kirchhoff had that, and I believe he has been here and talked to you folks. And he and I are good friends. Matter of fact, I’ve got a tractor radiator cap for him. I’ve got to get to him after our interview. Morris Okay, sir. Whittington But his dad was involved in the overall agricultural structure of Seminole County during the time that we had the farm on Richmond Avenue. He raised gladiolas in Florida and also in New York, and I think he even had some farms on the West Coast, and he would, you know, follow seasons. And also there was a problem with a little microbe in the soil here called a “nematode” that was not present in the soil of New York, because, you know, the soil freezes up there in the winter and kills these things. And here it doesn’t freeze, and these little guys do pretty well, and they really wreak havoc on both celery plants and gladiola bulbs. Morris These were nematodes, you said? Whittington Nematodes. Right. It’s a little microbe, and they attack the roots of the young plants. Morris How did you counter those when you were farming? Whittington You would flood the area. You would dam in a little area of the farm that would be the area for the seed beds, where the young celery plants were growing, and flood it for about two and a half weeks. And just keep, you know, a couple inches of water on it, with the well running in there, you know, all the time, and keep the water in there for about two and a half weeks. And that would kill the nematodes in this area, and you would raise your young celery plants in seed beds in this area. And once the plants caught up to, you know, a height of like three or four inches, they could deal with these little bugs. But it was the little bitty plants that they would go after. Morris And when they were the little bitty plants, that’s when you flooded, or did you flood and then plant? Whittington No. You flooded, then planted. Morris Okay. Whittington You would flood, drain it, and form the seed beds, and plant those. And I’ve got pictures I’ll send you too. You had to put muslin covers over the seed beds, because when the plants first came up, they were very sensitive to sun. So you had to keep them covered during the hot part of the day, and in the afternoon you would open the side of the cover, along all the way, halfway through the field, and let air, fresh air and sunlight in, with the sun over here, and in the morning, you would open, you know, the back side, other side, west side, and get air and sunlight in there. But not direct sunlight, because they were very, very—a celery plant is a very tender little guy when it’s, you know, when it’s an inch high. Morris Okay. And the sun would just be too strong for it early on? Whittington If you just opened it up, they couldn’t handle it. Morris Did you have to do that when they, when the little celery grew up, or... Whittington No. Once the celery got to a height of maybe two or three inches, then you could take the cover off, and it was okay then. But it was just when they were first starting, first coming up, that they were so sensitive to the sun. Morris Okay. What other kinds of problems did you have while raising celery, other than the sunlight, and other than the microbes? Was there any other kind of difficulty that you found out about? Whittington Well, the main difficulty would be weather during the, you know, winter months, when you planted celery—typically wasn’t an issue. But the real issue was the market price of the celery when you harvested it. You know, if it was good, why, you did okay. And if it was bad, you know, it was just another bad year. Morris What affected these—what would change from year to year that would make it a good year or a bad year for selling celery? Whittington Well, just the market price in New York. That was where we shipped. We shipped from the Sanford [State] Farmers’ Market, usually to New York and that—you know, the New England area. And it was just the price of celery up there that, you know, was whether you made it that year or not. And we had too many of the had-not years. Morris Oh, really? Whittington Yeah. Morris Okay. And what was your involvement? Like how old were you when you moved to the farm? And what was your involvement while you lived there? Whittington Well, I was five years old when we moved there, and we started farming. We started farming with a pair of mules. [laughs] Now this is how far back it goes. We used mules for plowing and discing and so forth. And after this, we bought a Model F Fordson tractor. I’ve got a picture of this, and there are several online now. And my dad would let me drive it, but it was so hard to steer, until I was about 12 years old, I could not turn it around at the end of the row. It took that much power to turn the steering wheel. And also, I didn’t weigh enough to push the clutch in. The clutch was the lever that stuck out of the transfer case, and you had to press down on it, and I could stand on it, and it wouldn’t go anywhere. [laughs] So, obviously, I couldn’t operate the Fordson by myself. Morris Right. Whittington We later got rid of that and got a Model 8N Ford, and that’s the radiator cap for the one I have in my car, and it was, you know, had power steering and the hydraulic lift in the back, and so forth. And so, I did a lot of plowing, and discing, and running the tractor. That was, you know—10 years on, I did a lot of it. That was my part of helping. Morris No planting or harvesting necessarily? Whittington No. We—for harvesting the celery crops, we usually used crews of labor that we would hire locally. And they would plant the celery, and also cabbage or couple other plants that required—you know, physical planting—and then they would also do the harvesting and packing. And you contacted a crew leader, a team leader, and contracted with him to do the harvesting in your field. And we were just responsible really for, you know, making certain that the celery—if it was celery, or whatever the crop—was sprayed, in case there was any kind of a blight or a fungus, or some sort of an insect problem, that we sprayed it with the proper spray, and that we fertilized it, and also cultivated the rows to keep the weeds down, and it was a very labor-intensive occupation. And I was very upset with my dad, especially in the later years, because he could’ve stayed on forever. He already had his foot in the door in the nuclear—the government nuclear involvement in the Military, and he didn’t even know it. I mean, he knew he was under a very tight security environment, but he didn’t know why. But he was an excellent machinist. He was moved up shop chief in no time at all, making good money, but his dream was always to come back to Sanford and own a farm. And, I mean, it was quite obvious by the end of, you know, the ‘40s, that the farming here was in trouble. And, you know, in later years, I thought, “Why couldn’t you have just stayed in Charleston with the Navy?” And, you know, gotten a civil service retirement. And we wouldn’t have, you know, been in the situation that we found ourselves in here. Although, like I say, I do really love Sanford, and loved growing up here. Morris Okay. A little bit of a catch-22. Whittington Yeah. That’s a very good comparison there. Morris Now, you said you moved here—you moved to Sanford when you were five. Whittington Uh huh. Morris How long was your dad a machinist for the Navy? Because I know when he moved up to South Carolina, you must have been only a couple years old. Whittington Right. Well, I was born in ’38, and we moved up there in ’42. Morris Okay. Whittington And he worked for about 18 months, and put everything aside. And that was enough to buy that farm, and so we came back. And that—and plus he had sold the gas station by this time, and he had some income from that, and so he put it all in that farm and getting some equipment, and… Morris Mules. Whittington Yeah. Mules. He had mules, and then the Fordson and then the Model 8N Ford, which I’m trying to find—got a couple leads on it—but I’d like to learn how to get some pictures of it. Morris Okay. So I’m kind of surprised, because when you moved to Sanford, World War II was still going on. Whittington Right. Morris And they didn’t have a problem, coming from a very heavily secured area, and during World War II, an able-bodied man—I’m surprised they just—that he was able to leave his job and become a farmer. Whittington That’s an excellent point, and I would be surprised at it except that farming was a fairly high-priority occupation, as far as the government was concerned, because you were feeding, you know, you were feeding the population, and providing some foods that could be used in preparation of foods for the—you know, our military. So that was effective. We came back here, and we’re going into farming wasn’t a problem. And he had—my dad had served in World War I in France. Morris Oh, okay. Whittington And he was past the draft age. So that was something else too. I mean, he was too old for, you know, for required military service. Morris Okay. And what was the cap at this time for age? The age cap before you could no longer be drafted? Whittington Joe, I don’t remember exactly. I think somewhere in the 30s—like 35? Morris Oh, okay. Whittington I believe that was it. I’ll do some checking, get back to you on that. Morris All right. Thank you, sir. Whittington I believe that was in, you know, mid-30s. Morris I was a little surprised they’d let such an excellent machinist, you know, leave so easily. Whittington Well… Morris Unless they put up a fight trying to entice him and keep him to stay. But it just seemed, during World War II, to let him go to farming—I mean, maybe they didn’t have any say in the matter, as well. That’s just where my question was going. Whittington Right. And I really wish that, of the many things you want to go back and ask your parents, something I’d really like to talk to my dad about is why you left. I mean, was farming that important to you, that you would leave, you know, a high-tech, high-paying, secure job like that, and go back into something that, you know, almost going in it was a known gamble, because there was problems with weather, insects, and, you know, always the market fluctuations? Morris Did he like his career as a machinist? Whittington Yes. He did. I mean, he liked that very much, but it didn’t have the pull that, you know, being his own boss in farming did. Morris I guess maybe it could have been just his own culture growing up, attached significance to farming and independence. Whittington Right. Well, he was raised on a farm in North Carolina. Morris Oh, okay. Whittington So, you know, that was his—where his roots were. He wanted to get back into it down here. And, of course, you know, in the ‘30s, Sanford couldn’t produce enough celery. I mean, it was the celery capital of the world. Morris Right. Whittington And some of that aura sort of hung over for quite some time, that, you know— “Oh, get a farm and get celery growing. You’ll get rich.” Well, that didn’t always work out that way. Morris Shoot. Whittington But, anyway, that was… Morris How long did your family own the farm? Whittington We sold the farm in 1950, and he leased another farm, and we stayed on ‘til 1953, and at Christmas that year, my sophomore year in high school, we left and went to Zephyrhills. Morris So how long did you live, then, in Sanford, from the first farm up until that, 1953? Whittington Okay. I was born here, and we lived here until we left in 1942, and then—the early part of 1942—and then toward the latter part of 1943, we came back. So I was only gone, like 18 months. Morris Okay. Whittington And then we stayed here until 1953, and I was a sophomore in high school at that time. Morris Okay, sir. Then, I know we talked a little bit about your father. Could you tell me more about your parents and any kind of siblings? Whittington I had one sister that was 17 years older than I was, and she graduated from Florida State [University], which was Florida [State] College for Women back then, with a degree in education. And she went to Melbourne and got a teaching job there, and when World War II started, the City of Melbourne offered her the directorship of the USO that they’d built in Melbourne for the, mainly the sailors, because there’s a lot of Navy and Coast Guard. You know, all these war activities at that time in that area. And so, Melbourne built a USO and offered my sister a job to run that, and she took it and did that until the war ended. And my dad had a couple years of mechanical engineering at NC [North Carolina] State [University], and that’s why he did well at Charleston, because he had that—already had some college training in, you know, the math end of mechanical engineering. Well, it’s primarily math. But, the, you know, his roots in North Carolina—being raised on a small farm—just were too strong, and he wanted to go back to it. Plus, he just—he had the problem that a lot of folks have of not wanting to work for somebody else. That’s why he ran the gas station is because, you know, he was his own boss there, and, you know, he could hire somebody else to help him, but he didn’t report to anybody else. He was his own station, and he ran it the way he wanted to. Morris Okay. And what about your mother, sir? Whittington My mother helped my dad a lot. I mean, farming was sort of a family thing that you got into, because, I mean, there was just so much work to be done, that my mother frequently would help, not only, you know, taking care of running the home, but she would actually physically help with some of the labor on the farm itself. And I didn’t like that. It just seemed wrong that a woman should be, you know, having to make ends meet, to have to work, you know, on the farm. Even though it was not really heavy labor work. It was the fact that she still had to chip in and help us to make it. That bothered me. But she did, and never complained about it. But it was, you know—it was something that many families here did. The whole family was involved in farming. And I didn’t mind, you know, running the tractor at all. I liked it. I mean, that was [laughs]—especially the Ford that I could handle, not the big Ford, but the little one that was newer. Morris Well, sir, how has Sanford changed over the years, from… Whittington Sorry? Morris How has Sanford changed over the years? Whittington How’s it changed? Morris From when you grew up to how it is now, sir. Whittington Oh, okay. Well, the change that I noticed when I first came back was the decline of the downtown area, which is so typical of many small towns. The shopping moves out to shopping centers in the suburbs, and that has happened to me—that Downtown Sanford’s the perfect example of it. Because we had, downtown, we had a Firestone store and a JCPenney, and Lerner Clothing Store, and a McCrory’s Five and Dime [Store]—I can’t think of—two hardware stores, some regional area chain department stores, and two banks. And it was just, you know, it was a very functional little downtown area. And you could see that starting to go. You know, stores would close and be empty, and then somebody else would try something else in it. It wouldn’t make it. Now, it’s a lot of antique shops down there, and that’s about it. I mean, that’s that whole main street, is antique shops. And I didn’t like to see that. The old telephone company was over the JCPenney store. There was an old manual switchboard with operators on the second floor of the JCPenney building, and then there was the Thudson[?] Drugstore on one corner, and the Roman Anderson[?] Drugstore on the other. There were no Target or pharmacy or CVS, any of those. You know, there were none of the chain stores. The Eckerd chain was the first one down here—Eckerd and Walgreens. But, you know, during my growing up years, those two were places that you hung out, and you could get a hamburger and a malt, or, you know, whatever. And, also, there was a pharmacy there. And I hated to see those go, because that was, you know, that was just a very active part of Sanford. Morris Okay, sir. And where have you lived over the course of your life? Whittington Well, after I got discharged from the hospital following that jet accident in the Air Force, I immediately went right back to the Cape [Canaveral] and applied to NASA [National Aeronautics and Space Administration] and got on. This was during the Gemini program.<a title="">[2]</a> I got on at the flight simulator over at the Cape. And I worked the NASA contracts. I was at Houston[, Texas] twice. I was in Ecuador for one time, and then a tracking station in the Smokey Mountains, and was there through, well, after the end of the Skylab program. When that ended, and the shuttle program wasn’t yet, you know—we’d gone to the Moon and done that thing with the Apollo series, and the shuttles weren’t flying it, so there was a massive layoff. I got caught in that. And I got into the telecom industry, and followed that all over the country as a contractor. And I found that I could—of course, you weren’t building any pension or retirement—but I found that I could make more money than a company employee. I could make more money as a contractor if I was willing to move around. And you just had to discipline yourself, and put aside what otherwise would have been your retirement from the company. And I did that and did all right. And I liked to travel. But I ended up in an ISP [Internet service provider] Internet hosting outfit in Seattle[, Washington], and was doing that when I retired in 2001. You know, the travel and, you know, the change, the challenges of new jobs, and being able to go to a new area and move into the new company and a new job—that part of moving around was attractive to me. Morris What kind of places did you move, sir? For example? Whittington Okay. I was in San Francisco[, California], and was there during the earthquake, and was in Los Angeles[, California], and then in the Seattle area for about 10 years. and then, prior to that, I had moved around just for, like, a few months at a time, in various places all over the U.S.—Indianapolis[, Indiana] and Chicago, Illinois]—you know, for like maybe six weeks or two months at a time on just a contract job. And, it was interesting, but I was single then, and just pull up and move without any real concern. It was okay. Morris You said you liked to travel, sir. Have you ever traveled outside of the country? Or—vacation travel? Whittington Yes. Yes. I have. I’ve traveled to, well, the South America travel was mainly as a function of the Military and NASA time. But I’ve traveled to England, and done the Hawaiian Islands, was in Israel in Tel Aviv for five weeks for a company school. And that was an eye-opener. That really was. I mean, I got a good look at the Holy Land. It was [laughs]—it was a lot different than I expected. It really was. Morris How so, sir? Whittington Well, those people have got an unreal—I’m talking about the Israelis—have got an unreal work ethic. I mean, if they are asked to work 24 hours a day, and there’s a need for it, they’ll do it, and no griping. You don’t find that very much in the U.S. I mean, they are very, very much—uh, I can’t really express myself here—loyal to Israel, and to their faith, and to the country. I mean, just, you know, they’ve got a country, and they’re going to hang onto it now. And the [laughs], the guys around them had better not mess with them. I can say that from being there, and being in the technology. I know what they’ve got. And they can—the guys around them can end up a big smoking hole in the ground over there, if, you know, they push Israel too hard. Morris All right, sir. WhittingtonThey might hurt Israel too, but they’ll come out the losers. Morris And have you travelled anywhere else, sir, for work or vacation? You said South America. What countries in South America? Whittington Okay. I’ve been over a good bit of England, and I was in Alaska, and was in the Army up there. I liked that, but I’ve been back just as a tourist with my wife, and took my in-laws up there. And the Hawaiian Islands several times. I’ve not done China. I’d like to see China. I really would. And that’s kind of the feeling I got, because there was a contract. The Chinese were going to completely replace their aging landline system with a… Morris Towers? Whittington With a tower network. Morris Okay. Whittington Yeah. With towers, and cell phones. And several different companies had some pretty good contracts over there, if you’d go and stay for as long as you could take it. But, some of the places I heard about, you know, they were all right, and some were pretty Spartan—I mean, food and accommodations. And you having been there, you probably would validate some of that. I don’t know. Morris Some of it, sir. When was this going on? When were these contracts for landlines or... Whittington Okay. The contracts for China were, like, in the mid-‘90s. Morris Okay, sir. Whittington There was some openings there, and that kind of moved around. It would change a lot, and I never could get somebody to, you know, sit down with me and say, “Okay,” you know, “here’s what we can offer you, and here’s when you leave.” And I never was able to find it at that point. Perhaps it’s a good thing. But anyway, I’ve not been there. I’ve met a good friend my wife worked with in San Francisco and Seattle that is from Ethiopia—not Ethiopia. [sighs] Can’t say it. Starts with “E,” and it’s part of the Soviet Union. Oh, fiddle. Morris Is this in Africa or Asia? Whittington No, it’s in… Morris Oh, is it Estonia? Whittington Yeah. Estonia. [laughs] Morris Oh, okay. Whittington I couldn’t say it. And he’s gone back to Russia several times, and the pictures and so forth. And the stories I got from when I would talk to him afterwards, I don’t really have any desire to travel in Russia. And that’s not one of the things I want to do. I want to do Europe first, and really work it over really good, and Hong Kong and Japan. Those are ones that I really wanna [laughs]… Morris They’re both very nice. Sir, are you still working right now? Whittington No. I’m retired now. Morris Okay. How long have you been retired, sir? Whittington I retired in 2001. Morris Okay. And what have you been doing to, you know, kill your time since then, sir? Whittington Okay. I’m very much into researching my ancestry—into genealogy. I’ve got a solid trace back to, now, I don’t if you’ve ever heard of this, the story of Dick Woodington and his cat. Morris No, sir. Whittington But this was a guy who was Lord Mayor of London four different times. And anyway, he was a far-distant cousin, and I’ve gone 200 years past him, with a solid trace back, and that was a lot of fun. And I think I’ve got my own family tree built now. I’m working my wife’s, and just anybody else that pops up. I thought, “Well, let’s just see what,” you know, “theirs looks like.” That’s a lot of fun. I’ve been in ham radio for, since, well, it was 11 years old, and that technology keeps advancing. I mean, we were digital before digital phones were, you know, the thing. We were bouncing, you know, signals off the Moon, communicating that way. We’ve got a whole bunch of satellites up. Not our satellites, but we’ve got ham radio, we would piggyback on a lot of satellites that are up there. So you can send up with a little handheld and talk to somebody on the other side of the earth. And that, to me, is fascinating. So that’s been something that’s kept me really busy with my time—is ham radio. And my wife and I like to travel, and, you know, if we get a few days that we can see we can get away to do something, we get in the car and go. And that’s, you know—we had a great big map when we were in California, a huge, plasticized, ceiling-to-floor map of the whole state. And when I was there, I was able to take off, you know, and be gone for a week at a time, with no charge against any vacation time, because I was on-duty 7 by 24 out there. They didn’t require that much support, but I had to be there. So if I wanted to leave, they’d fly one of the managers out there to watch my equipment, because it was a little vacation for him to San Francisco, and we’d take off. And we went to little towns that we’d just find this map and say, “Let’s go there this weekend.” And we’d go to little towns in California that the average Californian had never heard of, and go spend the night, or sometimes not spend the night. Just go, come back. The travel was a big thing out there, especially in the mountains. Of course, California’s got a lot of them, and that was an interesting thing. Morris Okay, sir. Whittington I was involved in the Voyager aircraft project that flew around the world, non-refueled, nonstop. It was the bird [Burt] Rutan designed. Canard, weird-looking airplane. And I worked on that for about two and a half months, or two and a half years, as a volunteer on the staff for the world-record flight, and they wanted me for my NASA background, because I knew how to solder without putting a lot of weight in the airplane and solder. Because they proved that if you improperly—if the crews that built the big Saturn [inaudible] spacecraft that we used to go to the Moon—they used too much solder—you could end up with five tons of solder in the spacecraft, that it would never get off the pad. And, so there’s a very finite point in soldering where you can, you have just barely enough but not too much solder, and I had instructors for hand-soldering for, you know, air space flight hardware. And the Voyager crew wanted me for that reason, because I could keep the weight down. We put something in the plane in the wiring—in the way it’s hooked up. Morris And when’s this again, sir? Like, can you give me a time frame? Whittington This was from, like, ’84 through, the plane flew in ’87. It was those years. Morris Okay, sir. Whittington And they were up for just under 10 days, but they flew all the way around, you know, nonstop, from Edwards Air Force Base, back to Edwards Air Force Base, in California, nonstop and non-refueled. Morris Did you enjoy working for NASA and with NASA projects? Whittington Oh, yeah. Yeah. I was very much into that, and I also enjoyed the work when I was assigned to Patrick [Air Force Base] over at the Cape, because we were supporting the NASA effort, and we were right on the cutting-edge of everything there. And that was extremely, extremely fascinating and challenging. And it was the kind of a job you’d go into early, not to be on overtime—‘cause you couldn’t just go clock in arbitrarily—but just to be part of it. And I worked the midnight shift, and a lot of times I’d still be over there at noon just hanging around, watching stuff. You know, just to be part of it, and, you know, you’d realize, “Hey, I’ve got to go home and get some sleep.” And sometimes they’d run you out, when there were too many of us hanging around, but it was extremely fascinating. Morris And, sir, you mentioned your wife. How long have you been married, and who is she? Where did you meet her? Whittington Okay. My first wife I met here locally. She was from Plant City, and we were married 16 years, and got a divorce. I was divorced 12 years, and I met my second wife in Zephyrhills, and she was with a company in California that provided mortgage insurance—was part of this thing. It kept the housing bubble sort of going, because it allowed you to buy a home with mortgage insurance instead of a much larger down payment. And it was a good concept. There was nothing under-handed about it. But anyway, she had 20 years with them, and she was in charge of a team that would go to the various offices around the country and underwrite, you know, maybe 500 loans at one time. They’d be there a week, and as such, you know, they flew constantly, and we always had a whole stack of frequent flyer tickets on the dresser. And we flew to England, to Ecuador, to Hawaii, to Alaska twice, on frequent flyer passes [laughs]. And took her folks to Alaska. And she enjoyed her work and enjoyed the travel, and I enjoyed being able to grab those tickets and say, “Let’s go to jolly old England.” [laughs] Morris That must have been very convenient. Whittington It was. Morris And do you have any children, sir? Whittington Yes. I do. I have a daughter and two boys. And my daughter lives in Brooksville, and the boys are in the Atlanta[, Georgia] area. Morris What are their names and ages, sir? Whittington Okay. My daughter is 46 now, and the oldest boy is 44, and the youngest one is 37. So they’re getting up there. Morris Are they all from the first marriage? Whittington All from the first marriage. Right. Morris Okay, sir. And, okay. Are they doing anything similar to what you did? Whittington No. My daughter worked as a—she did hematology studies for Smith Klein Beacham in veterinary medicine. And I thought she was going to stay with it, because it was, you know, an excellent field, and she got out, and got into, of all things, running a business, and she’s got a fairly large one. But have you noticed on the freeways, you’ll see a large load being hauled on the freeway, and there’s a truck ahead of it with a flashing light? Morris Mm-hm. Whittington Called a pilot car? Morris Yes, sir. Whittington Well, she has a pilot car operation in Brooksville, and she’s the biggest company east of the Mississippi. And she covers the whole country, because she’s got contract drivers for her all over the country. That one driver can take the load from here to there, and then somebody else picks it up and goes on. And she even had a contract with NASA to escort those solid rocket boosters from the West Coast to the Cape. [laughs] And, you know, this was—she said, “Well, Dad will be proud of this.” And I was. And she asked—they would always—when they would ship these boosters back, they would send two engineers from the plant with them, because they were very critical insofar as temperature and pressures and so forth went, even though they were solid fuel. And one of the engineers told her one time, he said, “If you see smoke coming out of the casing for one of those boosters, run.” And she said, “Right, sir! But let me ask a question: which way?” [laughs] And I thought her sarcastic humor was a little bit funny, because, really, which way is it gonna go if it pops, you know? But, anyway, she does that. And the oldest boy, regrettably, had a stroke a couple years ago, and his, you know—he won’t be working anymore. And the young one works for a granite quarry in Atlanta—the north side of Atlanta—and is driving a truck, a dump truck. [laughs] So… Morris Very eclectic. Whittington Yeah. But he’s still—even in this economy, he’s still staying employed. So, you know, more power to him. [laughs] Morris Definitely, sir. Could you tell us a little about your military experience? Whittington Military experience. The first one—I was in the Army, and they sent me to Indianapolis for court reporter training, and I thought, “Wow,” you know, “A court reporter!” And after four months there, learning to transcribe, you know, court proceedings, they sent three of us to Alaska, and we got up there, and they had civil service court reporters and no need for us. So they assigned me to the Army dock in Downtown Anchorage[, Alaska], and it was one of those dream tours that you get one of in the service. There were seven of us assigned there. There was a captain, and two NCOs [non-commissioner officer], and the rest of us were enlisted. And during the summer months, when the port was open and—you know, real busy, you’d work sometimes 36 hours straight, and during the winter months, when it was froze up and closed, you’d pull secure watch for 24 hours and, you know, you were off 48. Well, it wasn’t missile science for us to get together and say, “Hey guys, let’s pull it for a week straight and take two weeks off.” [laughs] So I lived to ski though. I did. I loved skiing, and during winter months, you know, I’d work my week and then that was it. They wouldn’t see me again until two weeks’ time went by. Morris You would have to be awake for a week straight, sir? Whittington Oh, you wouldn’t have to be awake. You’d just have to be on-duty there. The place was closed up and frozen over really. And you just had to be there and answer the phone. That’s all. Morris Okay, sir. Whittington And also pull fire watch, and whatever. Morris No. I understand. Whittington But you didn’t do anything. There were only two TV stations in Anchorage at that time. [laughs] Morris Got a lot of reading done, sir? Whittington Yeah. You did a lot of reading. Morris Caught up on world events? Whittington [laughs] But anyway, I should have stayed in. I mean, I was—I made E[nlisted Rank]-4 after 18 months. and I had my private license at that time, and if you had any college at all—I had one year at Southern—Florida Southern [College]—you could apply for the warrant officer program, go to Fort Rucker, Alabama, and get helicopter training. And I always wanted a rotary wing rating. I mean, I wanted a chopper rating. But some little voice said, “Don’t do it.” Because if I had, I’d have been one of the first Huey pilots in [the] Vietnam [War]. Morris Yeah. Whittington One of the first, ‘cause this was in 1959, and I would have gotten through warrant officer school and flight training by about 1961, and Vietnam was just starting to stir about then. And a good friend from high school here was the first commissioned officer killed in Vietnam, Terry Cordell. First one killed over there. And I knew Terry. He was our football captain, and he was a senior, and I was a freshman. Just a real nice guy. But flying an observation plane, got shot down. That was the end of Terry. Morris And then you got out of the Army. What after that, sir? Whittington Went out of the Army in 1959, and enlisted in the Air Force in ’62, and was in there until July ’64, when I got the medical discharge. And I was actually [laughs] —I don’t even like to tell people about it, but in—when I saw the end of the NASA thing coming, the Army had a program at that time called “Stripes for Skills,” and they offered me an E-5 and choice of assignment, which I took Denver, Colorado—but based on my NASA background. They wanted somebody that had some satellite experience, and so the deal was that I go through a little three-week refresher basic, and then would be assigned to Denver, Colorado, as an E-5. And they enlisted my wife at the same time. This was my first wife. She had court reporter experience, and they would put her through the same program, and she would have to go through the full wide basic, but they would assign us to both to go to the same base, and as much as they could, you know, in the military, would keep us together. But at that time, I’d had a medical discharge, I had three kids, I was overage, I had all kind of disqualifiers. And a retired general and old-timer [inaudible] there where I was working for NASA, said, “Go to the Pentagon.” And, like a dummy, I climbed in the car, and we headed off to the Pentagon, and got there at eight o’clock in the morning, and got in with the crowd that, you know, was going into work, and I fell in with this bird colonel, and he said, “Where are you going?” And I said, “Well, I need to see the Army G2.” And he says, “Oh, yeah?” [laughs] He couldn’t believe this—me and my wife and three kids. I mean, it blew him away so badly, that he took us and signed us in, and he says, “Stay right here.” And finally, somebody from that office came down, and saw all of us kind of sitting there, and he said, “What do you want?” I said, “I want a waiver for the disqualifiers that are keeping me out of the Minuteman program.” And I talked to the guy for about an hour, and I’ve got the letter that waives my disqualifications to go back in the Army. [laughs] You know, this was after a medical discharge, three kids, and overage. But anyway, I went to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, went through this little basic training, which was kind of fun—learning the new weapons and new techniques and stuff. And then, everybody else left, and no assignment. Another guy and I were by ourselves in the outfit, and just the cadre people were still there, and finally, they came through and they said, “We hate to admit it, but the Army has enlisted about 10 people in that career field for every slot we have.” And he said—this was the [inaudible]—said, “We can’t offer you Denver, Colorado.” Or Fort—can’t think of the base there now—but he said, “We can offer you Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, and E-3, and no concurrent assignment with your wife.” And I said, “Or what else?” And he said, “Or a discharge.” And I said, “Let’s go with plan B.” [laughs] So, I mean, I had a very short second enlistment in the Army. Morris After all that trouble. Whittington After all that trouble, you know. Morris Shoot. Whittington But I didn’t really like the changes I’d seen in the Army either, at that time. I just don’t know. It just—there was a change in discipline, and attitudes, and stuff, that I would have had trouble with, because of coming from the Army of the late ‘50s to the Army of the mid-‘70s. And, I mean, there were guys, even in the training barracks, sitting in the dark smoking pot, and it was—I mean, I’m not that much against pot, but it was against Army regulations and against common sense. And to think like that, I was just this lad, and it didn’t work out, because I’m sure that would have gotten me in trouble, complaining about it—those kind of issues later on. So it’s just as well that I didn’t end up in that. Morris Okay, sir. And was that the end of your military experience then? Whittington That was the end of it. Morris Okay. Are there any historical events that come to mind, over the course of your entire life, sir? Like anything in your life that you felt like stands out or was, you know—that just changed your world, I guess I could say? Whittington Well, being on the biomed[ical] council at Houston for the flight of the Apollo 8, the slingshot flight around the Moon, that to me was, it was just sort of a highlight in my life, because I was part of something that it was a first for us, for the U.S., that we were going to the Moon, and I’ll be in a small part. I was part of it. And I was just so impressed with the guys in the spacecraft. I was watching all their, you know—their biomedical functions, and I had no medical training at all. I was there being able to feed the biomed data that was being stripped out of the calorimetry to anyone in mission control that needed it for any reason. All they did was call me and say, “Give me biomed.” And I could patch that data to them, and I had to keep the equipment that stripped it out of the calorimetry downstream, had to keep that up and running, and it was real fussy stuff, because it was built very hurriedly. But, I was watching all of their, you know, their vital signs, and Frank Borman—Colonel Frank Borman—the mission commander’s pulse at T-2 was 80, and mine was way over 100. I mean, I was wound up. We’re going to the Moon! And, here he’s up there, “Okay, let’s—gonna go?” You know. And I was—I thought, Wow. The ultimate test pilot. You know, the thing could blast into a million pieces. You know, he was ready to take a chance on it. Morris Okay, sir. That’s interesting. Whittington That was, that’s sort of a highlight, and the time in Israel was, that too was a definite attitude-adjuster for me because, you know, seeing the way those people live, the way they felt about their country, and their faith and everything, it just—and I felt that every American Jew, really—they can’t now, because of the mess over there—but I felt that back then, they should spend some time in the Holy Land and see, you know, where they came from, and get an experience with the people who still lived there. The attitudes over here are a lot more lax and whatever than they are in Israel. Morris Definitely, sir. Is there anything you’d like to discuss that we haven’t covered? Whittington That’s about it. It’s been a real pleasure discussing this with you. Morris Thank you, sir. It’s been a pleasure. Whittington And, you know, if you can send me a CD or something, I’d love to have it for the record. Morris I will definitely do that, sir. Whittington Okay. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Charleston Naval Shipyard. </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> Project Gemini. </div> </div> Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1e3d6a8903fd876f397fb8e874e95303.mp3" target="_blank">Oral History of Charles Whittington</a> 2nd Street agriculture Apollo 8 Army Bill Kirchhoff celery Charles Whittington Charleston Naval Shipyard Charleston, South Carolina court reports Dick Woodington Downtown Sanford E-4 E-5 Enlisted Rank 4 Enlisted Rank 5 farmers farming farms Frank Borman gas stations genealogy gladiolas ham radios Historical Society of Central Florida Israel Israelis Jewish Americans Jews Joseph Morris laborers Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project machinists Model 8N Ford Model F Fordson Museum of Seminole County History NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration nematodes New York nuclear power Oak Avenue Park Avenue Project Gemini Richmond Avenue Sanford Saturn Second Street Seminole County Sinclair Oil Corporation Skylab Stripes for Skills Tel Aviv, Israel Telecommunications Terry Cordell tractors U.S. Air Force U.S. Army U.S. Navy Voyager Program World War II WWII Zephyrhills https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0814329076fb17c9b9a60e64d2441092.mp3 4d3afc70af6c37f5e5e08db488b666b7 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d89fff5fd36fe539e5c1da44e20fcbd8.pdf 9c12d807cbfc067d407afae47676996f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection Alternative Title Linda McKnight Batman Collection Subject Ocala (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Port Tampa (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Titusville (Fla.) Zellwood (Fla.) Description Collection of oral histories depicting the history of Seminole County, Florida. The project was funded by Linda McKnight Batman, a former teacher, historian, and Vice President of the State of Florida Commission on Ethics. Language eng Type Collection Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Museum of Seminole County History, and University of Central Florida. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/744676869" target="_blank">Researcher's Guide to Seminole County Oral Histories: Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project</a>. [Sanford, Fla.]: Museum of Seminole County History, 2010. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> Coverage Seminole County, Florida Ocala, Florida Oviedo, Florida Port Tampa, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida Titusville, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Morris, Joseph Interviewee Groskey, Dick Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Dick Groskey Alternative Title Oral History, Groskey Subject Orlando (Fla.) Altamonte Springs (Fla.) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.) NASA Air Force World War II--United States Metalworking industries--United States Description An oral history of Dick Groskey, conducted by Joseph Morris on October 28, 2011. Born in Springfield, Ohio, Groskey migrated with his family to Orlando, Florida, in the early 1950s. In the interview, he discusses migrating to Florida, growing up in Ohio, how Orlando and Central Florida has changed over time, his experience contracting with various companies and government institutions, the metalworking industry, business taxes, his service in the U.S. Air Force during World War II, and his wife and children. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:22 Migrating to Florida 0:02:37 Starting own business0:04:13 Growing up in Ohio 0:06:43 Decision to migrate to Florida 0:10:31 How Orlando and Central Florida has changed over time 0:15:15 Contract work with large companies 0:17:39 Working with government organizations 0:20:25 Metalworking industry 0:22:38 Business taxes 0:24:14 Current state of business 0:27:50 Positive changes in Central Florida 0:30:15 Serving in the Air Force during World War II 0:44:00 Returning to civilian life 0:45:00 Wife and children 0:50:18 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Dick Groskey Interview conducted by Joseph Morris at the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> in Orlando, Florida. Type Sound Source Groskey, Dick. Interviewed by Joseph Morris. October 28, 2011. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/123" target="_blank">Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Orlando, Florida Altamonte Springs, Florida Walnut Hills, Dayton, Ohio Myitkyina West, Kachin, Burma Creator Morris, Joseph Groskey, Dick Contributor Vickers, Savannah Date Created 2011-10-28 Date Modified 2014-10-10 Date Copyrighted 2011-10-28 Format audio/mp3 application/pdf Extent 34.7 MB 211 KB Medium 51-minute, and 23-second audio recording 25-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Joseph Morris and Dick Groskey. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Antequino, Stephanie Gaub, and Tana Mosier Porter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783150094" target="_blank">Lost Orlando</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2012. "<a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Historic District Walking Tour</a>." City of Orlando. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Transcript Morris It is October 28, 2011, and I am talking to Dick Groskey in his place of residence. I am Joseph Morris, representing the Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project for the Historical Society of Central Florida. Sir, could you tell us a little about yourself? Groskey What? Morris Could you tell us a little about yourself and your life? Groskey Well, what would you like, what would you like… Morris Well, where were you born, sir? Where were you raised? Groskey Springfield, Ohio. Morris And when did you come down to Florida, sir? Groskey Well, right after I got married in the early [19]40s. I got out of the service in ’46, and we got married the same year, and we came to Florida in the real early ‘50s. Morris Okay, sir. And did you move originally to... Groskey No. We—we were going to Miami, and I blew out a tire. It was over on U.S. [Route] 1, and we blew a tire out on the car, and it was late at night on Sunday. We stopped in a motel over on U.S. 1. The next morning, we got up and I asked where the local garage was, and they said, “Oh, it’s clear over in Bithlo. Over Dave Shaw’s garage.” So there happened to be a fellow there that was going that way, and so he took my tire, and we throwed[sic] it in the back of his truck, and he took me over Dave Shaw’s garage, which was right in the middle of no place. Well, Dave got the tire fixed, and one thing another. And in the meantime, while he was fixing the tire, I thought, “Well, I’ll look at the local newspaper.” So I’m just thumbing through it. There’s an ad in there: “Machinist wanted.” So I asked Dave Shaw, I said, “Well, where is this place?” “Oh,” he said, “That’s over in Orlando, which is short ways from Bithlo.” So I put a dime in the telephone—it was a dime at that time—and I called this man up, and he was from Youngstown, Ohio. And I told him, I said, “Well,” I said, “I’ve been a toolmaker all my life.” And he said, “I got a job for you.” He says, “Come on over!” So I said, “Well, wait ‘til I get my tire fixed, and I’ll come over.” So he gave me the directions, and I came over to Orlando, and I went down on Sligh Boulevard—and Tool Engraving on Sligh. It was Trade Tool Engraving— was the name of the place. And he said, “I’ll let you run a screw machine second shift.” I said, “Great.” [inaudible] easy. I’d run one before. So I went back to Titusville, told the missus. I said, “Well, we’re gonna have to stay here tonight, but,” I said, “tomorrow we’re going to Orlando.” And she said, “Well, what’s the matter with going to Miami?” I said, “I got a job.” She said, “You got a job?” I said, “Yeah. I go to work tomorrow night.” And I’ve never been out of work since. Morris Wow, sir. So, why were you going to Miami? Groskey I don’t know. I just thought that was a place where it was warm and there was a lot of something going on. Morris Got distracted by Orlando? Groskey And well, we got stuck here and been here ever since. Morris Then how long did you work at the... Groskey At Trade Tool? Morris Yes, sir. Groskey Only, well, best part of a year. And that’s when the Martin [Marietta Corporation] company came here, and I helped build the Martin plant. Then I went to work industrial engineering. And I stayed out there about a year and a half, I guess, and then I started my own thing, and been keeping it going ever since. Morris Okay. And how did you start your own business, sir? Groskey One tool at a time. Morris And how long have you been in business? Groskey Oh my gosh. Never [laughs]—I’ve always had a shop. We moved the shop down when I moved down from Ohio. Morris Oh really, sir? Groskey Yeah. Morris So you were doing this up in Ohio as well? Groskey Yeah. Morris The, um… Groskey I had a shop in Brookville, Ohio, and then we left Brookville to come to Florida, and I had our furniture in the shop in a—on a semi. We was gonna move it down here, and we moved, after we had the blowout over Titusville, and I got a job there, we went over here on [U.S. Route] 17-92 and rented a three-room apartment over there. And I had all the shop equipment come down then after we got established, and I rented a place over in Altamonte Springs. It was a little—about a four-story—I mean a four-office little building that Merris Walker—he owned the whole town practically. He built this building—just a little commercial building—and I rented one of the offices in there. We put all the machinery in there. And at that time, I was working at the Martin company, so we got our little shop going. So I went, quit the Martin company, went back out there, went to purchasing, I said, “I’d like to bid on your work.” And we’ve been going ever since. Morris Okay, sir. And could you tell me a little about the place where you grew up? I know it was in Ohio, correct? Groskey Mmhm. Morris Have you been back? Groskey Only when my dad died in 1966. I haven’t been back since. Morris Okay, sir. What was it like growing up out there? Groskey It was right prior to World War II, and things were tight, but it was a lot—a lot easier. Better times than what it is now. It wasn’t near as fast-paced. People had more of value than they do now. Smaller things meant more. Our—we lived in a middle-class neighborhood where everybody worked, and everybody went to school. Everybody had a car. And we played croquet at night in the backyard. We played football down at the local park. We played baseball at the local park. We played horseshoes. There was always something to do. The local park was just a matter of trees, a drinking fountain, and a shelter house, but there the city provided ball gloves and tennis racquets and things. So you’d go in there, sign your name and get a ball, go up and go play ball. Morris Okay. Groskey And that was kind of the center of activity of the whole community. We lived in what they called Walnut Hills. It was a very clannish type situation, because at that time, in that area—National Cash Register, General Motors [Company], Frigidaire, Dayton Rubber [Company], and those bigger companies—a job was something that there was nothing to be concerned about. That was something that your dad—your dad’s dad probably worked at these same companies over the last three or four generations, because that’s the way things were. You didn’t have to hunt for a job. Shop like I got now—a job shop—there was[sic] hundreds of them in that town. You’d pick up the phone call and say, “Hey, what do you got going? You got 30 days’ worth of work? I’ll be over this afternoon.” And you had another job. That’s job shopping. But if you wanted to go to the major companies like Dayton Rubber, Frigidaire, or one of the big ones—Master Electric, where they made motors—you’d go in there, hire on. They’re expecting you and your kids’ kids to work there. It was job security, which of you have none today. Today, it’s feast or famine. We get a job today, you finish it up two o’clock, goodbye. Go home. There is no security in jobs today, unless you create your own security. Morris Right, sir. Groskey There is nothing that—you can’t depend on the other man for anything. Morris Okay, sir. And how—so you left. You just wanted a change of scenery? You came down to Miami for that reason? Or you were on your way to Miami for that reason? Groskey No. I spent—like I said, I spent a lot of time over in China and Burma and India. And it was all hot weather. Very hot. We came home in February, and it was just kind of the tail end of the winter, but there was a lot of snow and ice on the ground, and after being in the tropics for that long, and coming in to snow and ice on the ground—and I got married, I told her when we got married, I said, “Look, we’re going someplace else.” I said, “I’m not gonna shovel snow.” I said, “I’m not used to this.” My later teens and then early twenties, I was overseas, and I said, “Boy, I’m not going home and shoveling any snow.” So we told her parents, we told my parents, and my dad says, “If you take her and them[sic] kids out of Ohio, I’ll disown you.” Which he did. We never got one dime from him, and he was a wealthy man. When he died, I got just exactly nothing, because I took her and came to Florida with the kids. Morris And that was your dad or her dad? Groskey No. That was my dad. Morris Wow. Groskey No. Her dad was more lenient. He was from Georgia, and was a farmer from Georgia. He had a pretty nice business going, and he said, “Well,” he said, “I can understand why you’re doing what you’re doing.” And he says, “If we can help you, we will.” But my dad was from the old school, and if it ain’t his way, it’s no way. It was that, but, he said, “You don’t know what you’re doing. You’re leaving the whole security and this and that and everything else.” I said, “No. I’m not.” I said, “Now I was in the service. I’ve been clear around the world.” I said, “I’ve seen other places. I’ve been other places and done other things. I’m not gonna sit here and shovel snow. I’m going someplace else.” “Well, if you do, you’re disowned.” And he did. Morris What did your dad do for a living? Did he work in one of these... Groskey He was vice president of the [International] Typographical Union. Morris Okay, sir. I can definitely see why, after going to the tropics, that Miami might have come to mind. Groskey That was the only—Orlando—it was just a wide spot in the road, like Kissimmee, that was just a few cars walking up and down the road. But Orlando did have a name, but it didn’t have a name like Jacksonville or Miami. Now, my wife’s from Georgia, and some of her relations—her dad, or her uncle—was warden of the Duvall County farm up there. So we came down—prior to moving, we came down here and visited, and we talked to her uncle at great length, and he was a very, very, very knowledgeable man, and he knew basics of life right here in Florida. So I asked him a lot of pointed questions. He gave me the answers. He says, “It’s gonna be up to you.” He said, “There’s[sic] opportunities here. It’s up to you to make them.” He said, “You can go out there and hustle around.” He said, “You’ll make them.” He said, “Florida’s growing.” He was born and raised there. I figured, “Well, you know what you’re talking about.” So that changed our opinion on going to Miami. After talking to people who had been there and back, and one thing another, salesmen and people who had went down there to live, and got out of the Little Havana area—whatever—they said, “Stay up in Orlando area.” Been here ever since. Morris Okay, so after you moved here, you were still thinking about going down to Miami afterwards? Groskey No. Morris Just talking to these people. Groskey No. That was it. That cancelled that out. I only went to Miami one time since we moved to Florida. We had a subcontract on the FAA [Federal Aviation Administration] building in Miami, and we supplied a lot of the high-pressure ductwork down there. We built it. And we had to get down—as owner of the shop, we had to get down to physically see that our work was in that job. It was a government job. Our work was in that building and that contract—blah blah blah blah blah. And I had to go down there about three different times. Other than that, I never went back. Morris Okay, sir. Groskey That’s where Miami and me[sic] ended. Morris That’s where you and Miami have just parted ways? Groskey Yep. Morris Okay, sir. Well, how has Orlando changed from when you moved here to now? Groskey They have ruined Orlando. Morris Really, sir? Groskey Yeah. Morris In what way? Groskey Due to the fact that the people that were responsible—once Orlando was established as a town, and the multitude started moving into that town—the way Orlando was originally set up was a farm town that was easygoing and whatever. As soon as it started to grow with a vast amount of people, which happened in the ‘50s, it really blossomed, and when it did, they lost reality with what Orlando was all about. When we moved here, you could drink the water out of Prairie Lake. You could go along, there was water along the ditches on every main road out at the main area of the town here. There was[sic] fish in these ditches. People would be along the side of Route 50<a title="">[1]</a> fishing, and water wasn’t that deep, but there was fish in them. I worked at the Martin company, and when I’d come home at night, I’d take the boys, and we’d go over to Lake Monroe and sit there on the seawall, and in an hour’s time, I’d have a bucket so full of fish you could hardly pick it up. Where’d they all go? Where’d the mullet go? Where’d the blue crabs go? Everything has been polluted. They ruined Central Florida. Now we’ve got crime. A lot more. A shooting in Central Florida back in the ‘50s—unheard of, unless it was a hunting accident. Somebody pulled out a gun and shot his own foot. It was unheard of. Now it’s an everyday occurrence. You go to Pine Hills today and somebody’s gonna shoot somebody before you can drive through it. They have ruined Central Florida, because that is the element that follows growth. There’s that type of person that will follow growth, and try to reap what they can off it, and they have ruined Central Florida. Central Florida—I won’t even go to the coast. You used to be able to go anyplace up and down the east coast. You could pull off the side of the road, cross the dunes, and go fishing. It’s all barricaded off. Chain-link fence. “Keep out.” Don’t come here, don’t go there. When we first moved, when we first got ourselves established in Altamonte Springs, I went to a council meeting, and several of the management meetings Downtown—city of Orlando. And most of the people down there—a lot of the people down there were from Baltimore[, Maryland]. Baltimore entered big in Central Florida, because the Martin came here. Martin company came here. They brought all their people with them. And come to find out, most of the people that came with the Martin company from Baltimore were the odd falls they wanted to get rid of anyway. And that’s how the Martin company started here. Well, I went—I helped build the building, then I went to work in it, and I know firsthand. But, at any rate, I had a shop in Altamonte Springs. I had the first screw machine in Seminole County. So I went to one of these meetings down there, and I got a chance to speak my voice. I got up and I said, “Well, you fellows don’t have any manufacturing base here.” I said, “You got high-acreage use plant.” I said, “You got two or three big packinghouses. One Blue Goose [Growers packinghouse].” And I said, “You’ve got another packinghouse over in Maitland, but,” I said, “you don’t have anything that’s making anything. You don’t produce any. You don’t have any sawmills. You don’t have any manufacturing, no welding shops, no nothing. Why?” “Because we’re tourist-oriented.” That’s the famous saying: “We’re tourist-oriented.” And still to this day, they’re still leaning away from manufacturing. They don’t want any manufacturing in Central Florida. I tried to explain to them how the economy in Cincinnati and Dayton was based on all these little job shops that was doing something. Now what have you got? Blacks running up and down the ladder picking oranges. That ain’t gonna help the economy. Not one nickel’s worth. The grove owner’s gonna make money, but you and I aren’t. I said, “You have to have diversified activity in that community.” And you know, they said, “Well, you’ve probably got a pretty good idea, but we don’t wanna hear no more.” And that’s where they shut it off, and I said, “Well, to hell with you. Goodbye.” And it’s still today the same situation. They want tourists. Get them in, fleece them, send them on a plane back home. They don’t want nothing here permanently. Go downtown. What have they done for the people who live here? If you go someplace, you’re gonna pay money dear for it, because you’re gonna pay just like a tourist. They don’t give the local people anything. They don’t say, “Hey, show me your driver’s license. You come in for two bucks.” “Hey, it’s $28.00? We might charge you $30.00, because you live here.” Uh-uh. I’m soured on [inaudible]. Believe me. That’s why we’re out here on our own little domain. I have nothing to do with them. Morris Okay, sir. So, um, this kind of might be a little bit of a weird question, then—so you’re not a—you don’t go to—or have you ever gone to any of the theme parks that attract the tourists? Groskey I have never. I have done work for [Walt] Disney World and Universal [Studios Orlando] and everybody else, but it’s always on a bid-item basis. The only reason I will go there is to take a job out, give them a purchase order, and hope I get paid. That’s the only way. As far as spending my money to go to their park, I wouldn’t spend a dime. Morris Yeah. They are expensive, sir. Groskey I wouldn’t spend a dime. Morris When you say “hope” you get paid, have you ever had a problem with receiving payment from these companies? Groskey Martin company and Disney started out the same way. Thirty days on invoice, 60 days on invoice, 90 days on invoice. Martin company got 120 days on invoice. I took the last invoices right down to personnel, right into payroll. I said, “I want to get paid for these.” “Well, we’re a big company, you know. It takes time.” And I said, “Now, you’re not that big.” I said, “I’m a little guy. We started out 30-day invoice, okay. 60, I can live with. 90, I’m hurting. 120, I can’t do it. Anymore work we do from you, COD [Cash on Delivery].” Now I’m a little guy talking to a big guy, and I said, “That’s it.” They needed us at that time more than we needed them, because there was nobody else except Martin [inaudible] out here that had a shot. Morris Okay, so they kept trying to put you off? Groskey That’s right. They kept stringing us out, stringing us out, and stringing us. “Well, we’re a big company!” I said, “Yes, you ought to be able to do it twice as fast. Because you have more facilities than we do. You ought to be able to make your pay the same day.” Morris Right, sir. Groskey So, I said, “C.O.D.” Morris So your business work with these companies has not been the—all you wish they could be? Groskey Well, the Martin company, as you know, right now is one of the largest defense contractors there is in the United States. And had we—at that time, had we had somebody on our side that could go internally there, today we’d probably be a multi-million dollar corporation. Because they made some big companies out of what happened at Martin company throughout the United States. Morris Okay, but because you couldn’t get anybody, or you didn’t have anybody to work with you there... Groskey We—as an outsider, we had nobody on the inside. Morris Gotcha, sir. Groskey Now, when the shuttle’s arm<a title="">[2]</a> came up at the Cape [Canaveral], when the shuttle’s arm came up, the robotic arm, we were doing NASA [National Aeronautics and Space Administration] work at the time. So I went out to procurement, and I said to them, I said, “Well, we’d like to bid on this robotic arm.” And he said, “Okay, fine.” He said, “You’re qualified. You’re DoD [U.S. Department of Defense] and checked out and everything. Fine.” We got a set of drawings, we come back, and we figured it out. We could make the complete thing except the one base had a milled slot about 12-14 feet long. We couldn’t mill it. I had a friend in Winter Haven that had a big Niles Planer [Machine]. He could do it. We submitted our bid. We were second—number two. Now, we’re a little shop, and that was a big job. There was only, I think, four of them to start with, and they were over a period of two or three years. The man out in IOA [inaudible] got the job. We went out and protested. He don’t have enough money in his bid to buy the material to do the job. The purchase agent out there on that contract was a woman. She said, “Well, Mr. Groskey,” she said, “I’ll tell you. We can’t control where he gets his material from. He may have a warehouse full.” That’s the only out I got. He may have a warehouse full. We had to buy it. He had a warehouse. I said, “Okay.” Less than 30 days, they came back and said, “We want you to pick up the contract. He went bankrupt.” I says, “Goodbye.” That’s what I told NASA. I wouldn’t touch it. Morris Oh really, sir? But you worked with NASA afterwards, right? Groskey Yeah. Morris Just not on that contract. Groskey Not on that one. Nope. We dropped that one right by the wayside. They wanted us to come back and pick up the ball, and clean up the mess, and sweep the dirt. I said, “No dice.” We don’t get it going in, we don’t want any part of it. Morris Okay, sir. Could you tell me more about the work you’ve done with NASA? Because that does a lot for the local community and the local area. Groskey No. The only thing that we got out there was small stuff that they couldn’t buy it for here [inaudible]. Onesie-twosie things that, like certain types of bearings and special screws, and just little nit-picking stuff. Nothing big. Morris Oh, okay, sir. Groskey Nothing big. No big contracts. Nothing. Biggest contract we had was from the Navy over here—the [Orlando Naval] Training Center. And we did Navy work, but there was too much red tape in all that work. I’d rather have work off the street. The last Navy job we had, they made four change orders on it. They went through a nuclear submarine. And there was[sic] four change orders. And after the second or third change order, the fourth change order went right back to the first change order, and that—we’d already scrapped it. We had to do it all over again. They don’t know what they’re doing. Morris Gotcha, sir. So, um… Groskey We’re very, very, very selective if we take work out that we don’t know the people that we’re gonna do it for. I would rather do a hundred percent commercial work. 100 percent. But right now, the customers we’ve got—we’ve got all the good customers in Central Florida—that they bring work to us. If we take something out to one of those customers, and it’s not according to what maybe they think they want, or they really need, they’ve already given us okay to do it, or purchase orders behind it. We make it, we fab it, we take it out, and if it’s not exactly what they want, it goes right in the dumpster and we get paid for it. Because that’s the way we do business. This is what you wanted, and this is what you got. Now, if you can’t use it, that ain’t my problem. You got what you ordered. And that’s the way we do business. Morris Gotcha, sir. Okay. Could you tell me a little more about the business here then? I know we discussed earlier, but could you tell me more about what kind of work you do, and who you do it for? Groskey Well, we do sheet metal work, welding, and machine work, general machine work for the complete population. No matter what industry or what kind of a business they have going, we make. We’ve made everything you could possibly think of. We’ve made parts for outboard motors, typewriters, telephones, fishing equipment, hunting equipment, dies, jigs, drill jigs, fixtures, screw machine parts. You name it. If it was made out of metal, we made it. We make high-pressure ductwork, sheet metal ductwork. We make low-pressure ductwork. We make all kind of turning veins, fittings, the whole gamut. Whatever there is in small metalwork, we do. Morris Okay, sir. And, could you tell me how… Groskey We’ve only been stymied once or twice, and that was when we had something that was a—it was more of a compound angle, and we didn’t have facilities to do it with, but I have a friend out in Apopka that’s got a water jet machine. We took it out there to him, and he water-jetted it, and we went merrily on our way. So we have an out. We take them all. Morris Gotcha, sir. Okay. Can you tell me how your business has changed over the years or grown? Groskey The business—we try to—according to the tax structure—the way it’s set up—we’re allowed a tax deduction to amortize a piece of machinery over a five-year period. And I understand [Barack] Obama has allowed small businesses to amortize that machine in one year. And I like when we bought our big boring mill down there, that’s a $12,000 machine, we could take a tax write-off in five years for that machine for the $12,000. Well, if you happen to have a good year, that $12,000 would mean a lot if you could deduct it, but you can’t deduct it except for in a five-year period. So you wind up paying more taxes for spending more money, and that’s not right. If you’re spending more money, you should be able to deduct it. Morris Okay. Groskey If it’s shop equipment, it’s capital equipment. But now—I think they got it set up now to where you can deduct that in one-year or two-year period, rather than a five-year period. Morris And you said “amortize,” right? Groskey Yeah. Morris What does that mean, sir? Groskey The government would only allow you to deduct off of your taxes—say I bought something for $1,000—a piece of machinery for $1,000. Every year I could get a $200 reduction on that piece of machinery. Morris Okay. Groskey A tax write-off on that machinery. And at the end of five years, I had a tax write-off of that $1,000. Then that machine could no longer be amortized anymore. That machine was a dead piece of equipment in that business. It was part of the business, it made the business worth that much more, but as far as taxes go, you’re done. There’s no more relief on taxes for it. Morris Okay. So, well, I know we talked about this a little bit earlier, um, how is business doing these days? Groskey Very bad. Our little shop down there was doing great up until 2002, and I could see then it was starting to slide, because we’d have customers the whole gamut of Central Florida. We’d have everything from photographic shops to big truck manufacturers, truck garages, and the likes of that. The whole gamut. We made parts for everybody. And all of them now have started slowing down, slowing down, slowing down. Because I’m interested enough to ask, “Well, Bill, how’s it going? Is your business going?” “Yeah, we’re up about 10 percent.” “We’re up 15 percent.” And it’s this way across the board. There’s only one person that’s got a business in Central Florida that’s got more business than he can handle, and that’s the auctioneers. Now, Don [M.] Dennett in Sanford—[D. M.] Dennett Auctioneering—has been a friend of mine since he was in high school, and Don is running a very good business today. We went to a sale last week over here in Casselberry. [inaudible], a multi-million dollar company, a beautiful shop, bankrupt, up for sale, it went on the auction block. I said to Don at the sale, I said, “Don,” I said, “Why in the world would something like this happen?” He said, “There’s no volume.” There’s no volume of work. He happened to have an Air Force contract that kept him going for the last two or three years. When that contract ended, he was done, because he had so much invested in big equipment, nothing to do. He had to sell out. Don says, “I could have a sale—an auction a day, if I wanted to. There’s[sic] that many people going bankrupt.” But he only has one a week, because the market will only handle so much. Otherwise, you’d have people there buying shares for a dime and the likes of it. He waits until the smoke clears, then he’ll have another auction. Morris Okay, sir. Groskey But he is busy all the time, believe me. Right now he’s ready for two more auctions. I talked to him yesterday. He got two more shops that went out, and a bunch of restaurant equipment again. A couple more restaurants went broke, and he’s gonna sell them at the auction. But he has got more work than he knows what to do with. Because that’s people’s downfall that he’s advantaged—he’s taking advantage of. Morris This is not a problem you’re having though, sir? Groskey No. We’re sitting tight. We’re solid. We don’t owe a dime to anybody. We have one thing. We buy steel on a30-day basis. We buy sheet, plate, angle, and beam, and bar from three different companies. We pay our bills at the end of the month, every month, religiously. Every 30 days, we pay our invoices up and they’re done. We run no credit with nobody, pay cash for everything. Morris Okay, sir. The proper way to run a business, right? Groskey And 90 percent of the people—I’d say 95 percent of the people that we work for appreciate that fact, because their paperwork don’t carry over month to month to month to month. When they deal with us, and come out, if we don’t have a prior agreement of 30 days on invoice, they pay cash and bring a check with them, because that’s the only way we’ll work. We won’t chase any money. You can’t spend your time chasing bad debts. And over the last 40 years, I don’t think we’ve lost a hundred dollars, and that’s because somebody died, and there was no heirs. That’s the only reason. Morris Gotcha, sir. Well, I know you said that they ruined Central Florida. Groskey Yep. That’s right. Yep. Morris Would you say there’s anything good in Central Florida, anything that—I mean, you discussed what had gone wrong. Would anything in your mind have gone right? Groskey Well, sure. What Florida did, by them having all of their eggs in one basket with tourism, they’ve helped other industries and other things grow with them. The motel industry grew, the restaurants and the stores, the retailers and one thing another. A lot of those people now have picked up to where they rely on all of these people that’s coming in. But when people come out of the airport, and they go to Disney World, they’re more or less captive at Disney World. Now, most of them are here say two days, three days a week, something like this. their money is limited to what they can do, and when they have to spend $75 to go up to that gate, they’re gonna think twice about having to go outside to buy something. Disney’s smart enough to know this. That’s why they’ve got them captive. Restaurants, hotels, motels, the whole nine yards. Get them in the gate and keep them. But there’s[sic] still a few people who want to see Central Florida. They want to get out and look around. “We haven’t come out here.” But that—Central Florida in that respect has grown along with all the tourists, and it’s helped the people that did stay here by giving them more of an opportunity to do things. Bowling alleys, and your arts, and a lot of your museums have grown. Your arts and science have grown. Everything has helped the local people, and I consider myself to be part of the local people. But they have given us an opportunity of more things which weren’t here. Morris Okay, sir. Groskey So you can give them the benefit of the doubt. They—their finances and their establishment created an environment that people wanted. So it kind of rubs off on us local people. We’re able to go take advantage of it too. Morris Okay, sir. That’s a—I was going to say, that’s a very interesting perspective, because you never go to those parks. You never do any of those things. Groskey No, no. Morris But the benefit—the side benefits they bring with them… Groskey Right. Right. Morris Gotcha, sir. I know before you mentioned you were, that you had served in the military. Groskey The military? Morris Could you tell us about that, sir? Like what branch? Where? When? What were you doing? Groskey Well, I was in the military prior to—oh, what the hell they called it? Well, when the Japanese hit Pearl Harbor. Morris Okay. Groskey And I was in Fort Knox[, Kentucky] in the regular Army before the Japanese hit Honolulu and Oahu[, Hawaii]. Now, when I went into Fort Thomas, Kentucky—I went from there to Fort Knox. I went to Fort Thomas, Kentucky, there wasn’t enough of us in that barracks to keep the fire going at night. We had to take shifts to keep the fire going at night. They declared war. The next day, they were standing in the hallways. They had to have so many people pouring into that place. There was a mobilization overnight. Believe me. Well, when I enlisted in the service—I enlisted, I was never drafted—I enlisted in the Air Force. There was[sic] no openings. So I left Fort Thomas, Kentucky, and went to Atlantic City, New Jersey, for basic training. Well, when we got out there, of course the wartime conditions and everything—blackout at night and the whole story, everything was all window-curtains [inaudible] and the likes of it, no headlights and everything. Well, I left there and went out to Chanute Fields,<a title="">[3]</a> Illinois, and joined the Air Force. They had an opening, so I got transferred from the Third [United States] Army into the Air Force, which I had enlisted for to begin with. I wanted to get in the Air Force. So I went out there to Chanute Fields and went through tech school, graduated from tech school, and got assigned to a regular Air Force unit, and was with them for quite a while. And then, well, we stationed in California, and stationed in Texas, and stationed in New Mexico and quite a few places. And then, as the [World] War [II] progressed, they took our unit and broke it up into four units, and made air combat cargo units out of them. So what we done was to air-drop supplies, ammunition, and equipment to the troops that were on the ground. That was our main—we were a transfer. I’d say an airborne trucking outfit. But on our mission, whenever we took what we had there, if there was another outstanding hospital in the area, we went to that base and haul a load of wounded back. “Litter patients,” we used to call them. So, we’d take a load of supplies over wherever we were going, and bring a load of litter patients back to the next general hospital. And that was our total obligation. And I did that in China, Burma, and India. Now, when the war ended, we were flying into Chongqing[, China] when the war ended, from Myitkyina [West], North Burma. That was our last big U.S. air base in that part of the world. And when I say “big air base”—it was a grass, dirt strip with landing mats, but that was still—in that part of the world, that was a big air base. We flew [Douglas] C-47 [Skytrain]s, [Curtiss] C-46 [Commando]s, and [Douglas] C-54 [Skymaster]s. And when the—when the Japs—we had moved out of Myikyina and went down to Bhamo, Burma right at the war’s end. And we were flying in into Saigon[, Vietnam],<a title="">[4]</a> and when the war ended, then our orders—the way our orders were written that, at the war’s end, we will be dis—our organization, equipment, will be disbanded by the most expeditious means. And our colonel, who was Colonel Scannel[sp] [inaudible], was a 36-year-old [United States Military Academy at] West Point man and a full-command pilot. Now that’s a hard nut to crack. That’s as good as you can get in the Air Force. We were all sitting down at what they called the “bomb crater.” We had a movie that night. Just a big bombed-out hole in the ground. We was all sitting around. They suddenly flashed the lights on the camera, and he says, “Boys, it’s all over.” And it took about a minute for it to sink in—the fact that the war was over. And it was. And then two days later, we pulled out of there, loaded our planes, we went back down into Tasgaon, India. But when we left, all the tents, all the equipment, the toolboxes, everything that was left on that strip, was either given to the hill tribes or was destroyed in the fire. We closed the base up, and that’s the way we left. Now, one story that vividly sticks in my mind was at Myitkyina—that’s M-Y-I-T-K-I-N-A<a title="">[5]</a>—Myitkyina, North Burma. Before the war, it was a big town. Well, the Japanese, in order to go on their route from Japan—through China into India—that’s what their object was. They’d already just about taken over China, and they were into India pretty deep. Well, our object was to see that they didn’t get any further. We were kind of stopped dead [inaudible] in the middle. MARS Task Force and Merrill’s Marauders [inaudible] were the ground troops, and we’d get everything they had—ate, fed, shot, and whatever—we supplied them—air-dropped whatever to get to them. Well, one day, on the south end of our strip, was[sic] two fighter groups that supported us as air cover while we were flying and dropping supplies—the 82nd and 93rd fighter group. There was [North American Aviation] P-51 [Mustang]s and [Republic] P-47 [Thunderbolt]s. Now, most of these fighter planes, they were bombing down at the—in the Mekong valley [inaudible], and they were down around the bridge over the River Kwai.<a title="">[6]</a> That was one of their last bombing missions. Well, the line chief and I were standing alongside the strip, and we was[sic] watching it. They’d take off about five, six, seven planes at a time. They’d fly together as a group, low-altitude bombing on these targets, like roads and bridges and commercial buildings that was of value to Japanese. So, Master Sergeant Hinky [inaudible] and I were standing there with a hot—typical hot day—and we was watching these P-47s take off, one right after the other. Well, when a fighter plane’s carrying a thousand-pound bomb under the belly of it, they got a load. Well, they would start up there at the end of the strip, and they’d tow [inaudible] them. They were full-throttle. By the time they got halfway up the strip, they’d be just about off the ground. And at the end of the strip was rice paddies and jungle. Well, we watched these planes—one, two, three. And the third one coming down the line on all of a sudden, he went straight up in the air. And line chief said to me, said, “Well, look at that damn fool.” And I said, “Yeah, but look at there.” And a thousand-pound bomb had let go of the bottom of that plane, and here he was coming down the middle of the strip tail first—a thousand-pounder. So Hinky looked at me, and I looked at him, and I said, “We better duck.” And we went under the first thing that was there, and it was a big truck, and we went under it. Well, that bomb went right at the end of the strip, went right out in the rice paddy, and just settled down as nice-you-please and didn’t explode. It went “poof” right in the mud. We crawled out from the trunk and Hinky said to me, he said, “Damn, that was close.” I says[sic], “Too close.” And I said, “Yeah, but look where we were.” And we were underneath a tanker full of hundred-octane gasoline. Oh, boy. That was a nice experience to have. That was just one of the little things that happened throughout the war. Morris When did you, what age were you signed up, sir? Groskey My 21st birthday. I was in combat. Morris Okay. When did you, uh—but you said you signed—you enlisted prior to World War II, correct? Groskey Yeah. I was 18. Morris Oh, okay. And did you enlist right after high school? Groskey Yeah. Morris Okay, sir. And, um… Groskey Matter of fact, about—I went to trade school. Morris Oh. Groskey That’s how I got my start to shops [inaudible]. I was going to trade school, and we had just finished. The way our school worked—it was called Dayton Cooperative High School. They had—well, all the instructors were professional people. They were professional in their trade. Well, the shops is what I was in basically, and of course, all of the instructors were master toolmakers. Well, when the war started, my class was just about ready. We went to school two weeks and worked two weeks. That’s the way co-op[erative] was set up. You had to carry a[sic] 80 average to go to school. If you didn’t maintain your class grades, as well as your shop grades, you got pulled out. You had to go to a regular school. You could no longer become a craftsman. You had to be interested and have a know-how to what you wanted to do. You had to want to know what you were doing. Well, at that time—that was in—oh, I think we graduated in December that year—and I went into the service September, just prior to that. And I’d say 90 percent of our class—males in our class—all went in about the same time. The whole class of ’41 just about all went in the military just about the same time. And I don’t think—of course, we lost track of all of them—but I don’t think after graduation—that year after graduation—it wasn’t more than a handful that even graduated after that because they all went in the service. Morris Was that very normal at the time, sir? Groskey Yes. Very much so. Morris Oh, okay. Groskey The patriotism was extremely high. They had—Japanese had submarines out off the East Coast, they had submarines off the West Coast. They were at our back door. Morris Hm. Okay, sir, and you said you served for five years? Groskey Mmhm. Morris And did you—was that when the war was over, or... Groskey Yeah. Yeah. Morris And you came… Groskey I was in the 1348th air combat—air drop unit. And, when that—our orders were cut in North Africa before we left Algiers[, Algeria], when we was sent into the CBI (China-Burma-India] Theater, the general that wrote our orders for our outfit said that, “You will be there for the duration plus six months.” Now that’s just like a life sentence. How long will it last? You gotta be there, and six months more. But luckily, when it ended, we was gone out of there off of our former base in two days—three days at the most. We went what they called “down the valley” into India, then we stayed there to be “disoriented”—is what they called it—to be re-civilianized. We had to turn in our guns, and all of our grenades, and all of our fighting equipment, and try to be civilians. Well, that didn’t—took longer than that to do. But anyway, we stayed there, I’d say, for a period we was in Tasgaon, India—for about a month. And then we got on the [USS] General [M. B.] Stewart and came home. We came home first-class on a big general ship, which was a well-relief. We could have hot meals. You had a bed to sleep on. I mean, you wasn’t[sic] sleeping on the ground. I mean, we’re civilians now. Yeah. This is really living. Well, anyway, we got back into Camp Atterbury, Indiana, which was a discharge center. And the man in charge of the center—our whole outfit was there. We had 1,300 men and officers with our whole complete unit. All of our pilots were drafted civil pilots—Delta, Eastern, all of them were commercial pilots. They hated the military. Between them and us, the ground people, we got along fine, because we didn’t like it either. We got along great. Well anyway, when we got into Camp Atterbury, we got all the shots and all the rest of the stuff, and turned everything in, and got all the paperwork done, the commanding officer of that base had our commander, General Scannel—or Colonel Scannel—stand up, and he said, “Colonel,” he said, “we want to offer you people, your outfit, 1,380 men, all an increase in rank, one rank, with a one-year contract.” The Colonel says, “I would like to speak for our men, in behalf of them.” He said, “We have 1,500 hours, most of us, of combat flying.” He said, “We want to go home and stay there. It’s your baby. We quit.” And that’s the way it ended. There wasn’t one man re-enlisted. We had it. Morris You had your fill? Groskey We had it. Don’t want no part of it. But I’ll tell you still today—still today, there’s[sic] things at night flash through my mind of what we had done and what we did. Morris Well, thank you for your service. Groskey It sticks in your mind. At that time, and the way the elements, and the way everything was, you don’t forget things like that. No, I don’t care how old you get, you will not forget them. You try to, but there’s[sic] things that always come back, like things that got blew[sic] up, and things that got burnt out, and stuff. You don’t forget it. I don’t care what you do. I’d be down running lath, and sometime you remember that time or something like that. We changed an engine [inaudible], and we used to call him “Tokyo Joe.” There was a zero. He used to come over about two o’clock every afternoon, and he’d drop what they called cluster bombs. Small, little ones. Just enough to worry you. Well, one of them hits your tent—boy, you got a mess. Blow everything up. Tokyo Joe would come out every afternoon two o’clock, and he’d drop a few cluster bombs, and back over the mountains he’d go. Well finally, one day, we had a [Lockheed] P-38 [Lightning] group that was going into Saigon. And this one pilot, he said, “Well, you know,” he said, “I’m gonna get that S.B.” He said, “I can fly higher than he can.” So here come old Tokyo Joe over one afternoon right after chow, and we seen[sic] this boy fire that P-38 up and he went straight up in the air, and Tokyo Joe knew something was happening. He turned tail and started to run, and before he got over the base of the Chin Hills, he blew him out of the sky. That was the end of the Japs. That was the last time we had him. Morris No more Tokyo Joe? Groskey No more Tokyo Joe. Morris Well, what would you do with your afternoons after that, then, sir? Groskey Oh, we worked, we worked round the clock. We had them—our planes flew seven days a week, 24 hours a day. Morris Okay, sir. How long after you got back before you moved to Florida? How long did that take? Did you have to shovel snow for a winter? Groskey No. it wasn’t too long. A couple years. Yeah. Morris Oh okay, sir. Groskey Well, I was just feeling things out to try to become a civilian again, and decide which way I wanted to go. I knew I wanted to be into metalwork, but I didn’t know how I wanted to approach it. I didn’t know exactly how I wanted to do it—how I wanted to really get things started. And then, as we got married, and we had a couple kids, and one thing another started, I said, “Well, I gotta get my own business going. That’s all there is to it.” I just can’t—I can’t work for somebody else, because he’s not only going to take the cream of the crop, and I’m going to do all the dirty work. I want to be in a position where I can do the dirty work, take the cream of the crop, and try to establish some new business. Try to build a new product. Try to do things. Morris Makes sense, sir. Groskey Without being a number in somebody’s shop. So that was the way it started, that’s the way Reg Co. came about. Morris Okay, sir. Can you tell me about your family? Groskey Yeah. Morris Like who they are, how old, what year were they born? Groskey Okay. Well, we got married in 1946. And Larry [Groskey]—Larry is the oldest one. He come along a year later. And Ronnie [Groskey] was the next son born, about a year or two later. Then the twins came along about two years later. Morris Two boys? Two girls? Groskey Karen [Groskey] and Sharon [Groskey]. And then Rusty [Groskey] came along about a year after that, and then that was the end of our family. We had five children. Morris And what’s your wife’s name, sir? Groskey Mary Ann [Groskey]. Morris Oh, okay. And what are your children doing now? Groskey Well, the oldest one, Larry, is up in De Leon Springs. He’s got a rat farm. He raises rats commercially. These people that have reptiles and all kinds of weird people—they—he’s got a steady stream. He’s got quite an operation going, many buildings full of these rats. And he sells them all over the world. Now, there’s that many kooks out there, but he’s got a real good business going. Morris Okay, sir. Groskey Now, the other son, Ronnie—he’s got a drywall business. He does drywall work and painting. The girls—Sharon, my one daughter, is a schoolteacher over in Sanford. Karen is an expediter for Fed Ex downtown. And Rusty works in the shop with me. Morris Oh, okay, sir. And, do you have a—how did you meet your wife? Groskey Well, that was a long story too. At—we both worked at National Cash Register. When I came out of the service, I went to work for National Cash Register, because my dad had worked there all his life, her dad had worked there all his life. So it was just a simple matter of walking in, getting a job, because that was where you—if you decided to work there, you had a lifetime job. They didn’t hire people and fire them the next day. There was enough business in that company. It was self-sustaining. When they made National Cash Register, they went all over the world and there was boxcar loads of material coming in every day. It was its own entity. When you went to work there, you quit looking for a job, because if you couldn’t make it one department, they’d transfer you to another department. There was 38,000 people working in that building—in that factory. They could find something for you to do. They had a huge restaurant. So at noontime one day, the fellow that I was kind of running with at the time—he was a Navy man. We got along real good. He was running screw machines. So was I. So one day at noontime I said—well Friday, they always had fish fry, and boy, it was good fish. So Friday we’d go to the mess hall and eat lunch. Well, while we were sitting there eating lunch, Annie and her girlfriend—she worked up in Building 4. It was assembly—some kind of assembly job. Well anyway, her and her girlfriend was down there eating too. One of them had dropped a spoon on the floor. And I don’t know whether Mike picked it up or I did, but one of us picked it up, and we handed it to them, and we got to talking, and that’s how it started. Morris Okay, sir. Something as small as a… Groskey It was obscure as obscure can be. So I said to her, I said, “Yeah, my name’s Dick.” She said, “My name’s Ann.” And she said, “I work over in Building 4.” I said, “Well, we work in Building 27.” And we got to talking there for a few minutes, just at lunch period, and I said, “Well,” I says[sic], “where do you live?” She says, “I live out off of Smithville Road.” And I said, “Well, I live out in Walnut Hills”—both parts of east Dayton. And, I says, “Well, what are you gonna do Friday night?” She said, “I don’t know.” I said, “Well, you want to go bowling?” She said, “Sure.” I got her phone number, and that was it. We started going together. We got married, and she got laid off, because at NCR, you couldn’t have two people in the same family unless they were married, and once they got married, you couldn’t hire them. Two people can’t work there. Morris Okay. Groskey She got married. She got laid off. Well, that’s how it started. So we got married, she got laid off, and I went out, I bought a little piece of property, and I started building a house, and over a period of about two years, I got the house built, and we had all the children then. Well, most of the children then. And one thing led to another, and we outgrew that, and we went out in the country, and I bought five acres and built a house out there, and when all the children were in school, that’s when we came to Florida. Things got real bad up there, up there in the ‘50s. You couldn’t buy a job. It got the same way here, except it was localized. And I went to Indiana, went to Kentucky, I went all over. There was[sic] no jobs. Nobody was hiring. So I said, “Okay.” I said, “We’re not shoveling more snow.” I said, “We’re loading up and we’re leaving.” So I hired a local trucker. I said, “Now, I want you to move my shop.” We took just the prime equipment out of there, just enough to know we could make a living. Drills and saws, a couple laths, and one thing another. Everything else, had a public sale. Sold the house, the farm, everything. We got in the truck and we moved, come to Florida. Been here ever since. Morris Had a lot of reasons to come to Florida. Groskey Yep. And like I say, when I went to work at Trade Tool Engraving, we’ve never gone out of a job since. I went back to the motel in Titusville, I said, “I wanna pack a sandwich and a couple apples or something.” I said, “I’m going to work tonight.” She says, “You’re doing what?” I said, “I got a job over in Orlando.” She says, “You kidding me?” I says, “No. here’s the paper.” And looked at it, and she said, “Well, I’ll be damned.” Been working ever since. Morris Well, there you go, sir. Do you feel like there’s anything we haven’t talked about that you’d like to talk about? Groskey No. We’re just about as plain as you can get. Everybody in this part of the world knows us and knows what we do. We’ve got a reputation for doing a good job quick at a fair price. We—I don’t think we’ve had more than one or two disgruntled people that needed something done, and that was the fact that they were the type of people that nobody could satisfy. They have never come back, and I’m glad of it. Now, as you see, we have no advertisement whatsoever, yet we’re busy all the time. That speaks for itself. We do good work on time at a good price. And people always come back. Morris The ones you want to come back [laughs]. Groskey And they will tell somebody else. I always give them a business card. I said, “Now, your neighbor wants something done, here it is.” That’s the only advertisement we got. Morris Okay. Well, thank you, sir, for taking the time out today. Groskey I’ll show you one of my cards here. Yeah. There you got them right there. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Florida State Road 50. </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> Shuttle Remote Manipulator System (SRMS), also known as Canadarm 1. </div> <div> <a title="">[3]</a> Chanute Air Force Base (AFB). </div> <div> <a title="">[4]</a> Present-day Ho Chi Minh City. </div> <div> <a title="">[5]</a> Correction: Myitkyina. </div> <div> <a title="">[6]</a> Khwae Yai River. </div> </div> Altamonte Springs Atlantic City, New Jersey auctioneering Bithlo Brookville, Ohio Canadarm 1 CBI Theater China-Burma-India Theater contractors D. M. Dennett Auctioneering Dave Shaw Dayton Cooperative High School Dayton, Ohio Dick Groskey Don M. Dennett Florida State Road 50 Fort Knox, Kentucky Fort Thomas, Kentucky Historical Society of Central Florida Japan Japanese Joseph Morris Karen Groskey Larry Groskey Linda McKnight Batman Oral History Project little patients Martin Marietta Corporation Merris Walker metalworking Miami Morris, Joseph Museum of Seminole County History Myitkyina West Myitkyina, Myanmar NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration National Cash Register orlando Orlando Naval Training Center Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Reg Company Ronnie Groskey Rusty Groskey Sharon Groskey Shuttle Remote Manipulator System Springfield, Ohio SR 50 SRMS tax taxes Tokyo Joe tourism Trade Tool Engraving U.S. 1 U.S. 17-92 U.S. Air Force U.S. Army U.S. Navy U.S. Route 1 U.S. Route 17-92 USS General M. B. Stewart veterans Walnut Hills World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/99881c74cc141f829efba9b60b3dafab.pdf c31c71b496b697b3ea16610a1fa6d4ec Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Seminole County Public Schools Collection Alternative Title SCPS Collection Subject Seminole County (Fla.) Schools High schools--Florida Elementary schools Grammar schools Middle schools--Florida Education--Florida Teachers--Florida Educators--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the educational history of Seminole County, Florida. Items from this collection are donated by the Student Museum and UCF Public History Center. The Student Museum has collaborated with the University of Central Florida and established the UCF Public History Center (PHC). All of the Student Museum's collections are presently housed at the PHC. The goal of the PHC is to promote access to history through ground-breaking research connecting local to global, provide cutting-edge hands-on educational programs for students and visitors, and to engage the community in contributing to and learning from history. Contributor <a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a> <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/31" target="_blank">Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Cameron City, Sanford, Florida Crooms Academy, Goldsoboro, Sanford, Florida Chuluota Primary School, Chuluota, Florida East Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Forest City School, Forest City, Altamonte Springs, Florida Fort Reed, Sanford, Florida Gabriella Colored School, Gabriella, Oviedo, Florida Geneva Colored School, Geneva, Florida Geneva Elementary, Geneva, Florida Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Goldsboro Primary School, Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida Hungerford School, Florida Kolokee, Geneva, Florida Lake Howell High School, Winter Park, Florida Lake Mary School, Lake Mary, Florida Lake Monroe Colored School, Lake Monroe, Sanford, Florida Longwood School, Longwood, Florida Lyman High School, Longwood, Florida Lyman Elementary School, Longwood, Florida Midway, Sanford, Florida Osceola School, Osceola, Geneva, Florida Oviedo Colored School, Curryville, Oviedo, Florida Oviedo High School, Oviedo, Florida Oviedo School, Oviedo, Florida Paola, Florida Sanford Grammar School, Sanford, Florida Sanford High School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Junior High School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Middle School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Primary School, Sanford, Florida Seminole County Public Schools, Sanford, Florida Seminole High School, Sanford, Florida South Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Student Museum, Sanford, Florida UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida Wagner Colored School, Florida Westside Grammar Elementary School, Sanford, Florida West Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Wilson School, Altamonte Springs, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. Accrual Method Donation Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page school assignment Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sanford High School Geography Class Assignment, 1909 Alternative Title Sanford High Geography Assignment Subject Sanford (Fla.) Schools High schools--Florida Education--Florida Description Geography assignment completed by Sanford High School eighth grader Kenneth Morton in 1909. Sanford High School was originally established at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on Sanford Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. In 1984, the building was placed on the National Registry of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. The building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012. In 1927, a high school campus was designed by Elton J. Moughton in the Mediterranean revival style and constructed at 1700 French Avenue. The school reopened on January 10 and was renamed Seminole High School. In 1960, the high school moved to a new campus at 2701 Ridgewood Avenue and the former building on French Avenue was converted to Sanford Junior High School, which was later renamed Sanford Middle School. The old building was demolished in the summer of 1991 and replaced by a $5.77 million school complex. As of 2013, Seminole High School offers various Advanced Placement courses, the Academy for Health Careers, and the International Baccalaureate Programme for students. Type Text Source Original school assignment completed by Kenneth Morton, May 11, 1909: Sanford High School Collection, box 3A, folder Student Work 1909, item SCPS00515, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Sanford High School Collection, box 3A, folder Student Work 1909, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/73" target="_blank">Seminole County Public Schools Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original school assignment completed by Kenneth Morton, May 11, 1909. Coverage Sanford High School, Sanford, Florida Creator Morton, Kenneth Date Created 1909-05-11 Format application/pdf Extent 1.89 MB Medium 5-page school assignment Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kenneth Morton. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.seminolehs.scps.k12.fl.us/" target="_blank">Seminole High School</a>." Seminole High School, Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.seminolehs.scps.k12.fl.us/. "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. 7th Street 8th grade education geography high schools Morton, Kenneth Sanford Sanford High School schools Seventh Street https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/07e6bec83a190e1b586ee004f7edcbdd.mp3 187a4a9be507784ce65c432f6a6b8526 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/be86d7afae2d764311c85f1823f0025c.pdf 119f341379fca234c9f13ef52d2434db Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Casselberry Collection Alternative Title Casselberry Collection Subject Casselberry (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Casselberry, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Fort Concord was constructed near Lake Concord in 1849 to protect settlers during the Seminole Wars. Settlement increased following the passage of the Homestead Act in 1862. Stephen J. L. Hooker, the nephew of Florida cattleman William B. Hooker, migrated to the present-day Casselberry area in the 1850s. Gordon J. Barnett migrated to Altamonte Springs from New York and opened a fernery in the area. He also began a housing development called Fern Park Estates. Soon, the area became one of the world's largest fern producers. In 1926, Hibbard Casselberry migrated to Fern Park from Winnetka, Illinois, and began his own subdivision called Winter Park Ferneries. In 1937, Barnett was elected to the Florida House of Representative and failed passed a bill to incorporate the Town of Fern Park. On October 10, 1940, the Casselberry, which included parts of Fern Park, was incorporated as a tax-free town. The fern industry declined during World War II and Hibbard Casselberry began manufacturing bandoliers, bomb parachutes, and hospital tent liners. The City of Casselberry was incorporated on July 25, 1965. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Casselberry, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.casselberry.org/index.aspx?nid=33" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Casselberry. http://www.casselberry.org/index.aspx?nid=33. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Motta, Daniel Interviewee Casselberry, Leonard Casselberry, Janes Location <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Leonard Casselberry and Jane Casselberry Alternative Title Oral History, Casselberry Subject Casselberry (Fla.) Winter Park (Fla.) Ferns--Florida Azaleas--United States Description An oral history of Leonard and Jane Casselberry, conducted by Daniel Motta on May 30, 2012. In the interview, the Casselberrys discuss life in Casselberry, Florida, which was founded by Leonard's father, Hibbard Casselberry. Other topics discussed include the founding of Casselberry, working in the fern industry, the effect of World War II on the home front, how Leonard and Jane met, how Casselberry has changed over time, Hibbard Casselberry's involvement in growing azaleas and oak trees, and the Casselberrys' occupations after Leonard left the U.S. Navy. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:38 Education and childhood 0:02:00 Founding of Casselberry 0:04:28 How Leonard and Jane met 0:04:37 Working with ferns 0:13:04 Shipping ferns 0:15:59 Fern industry during the war 0:18:41 Leonard's father 0:19:48 How the city has progressed over time 0:21:50 Leonard's father and azaleas 0:24:08 Orange groves, oak trees, and local competition 0:26:20 After leaving the Navy 0:36:20 Opinion of Casselberry today 0:37:29 Leonard's occupations 0:38:53 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Leonard Casselberry and Jane Casselberry. Interview conducted by Daniel Motta at the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> in Sanford, Florida. Type Moving Image Source Original 39-minute and 14-second oral history: Casselberry, Leonard and Jane Casselberry. Interviewed by Daniel Motta. UCF Community Veterans History Project. May 30, 2012. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/117" target="_blank">Casselberry Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Creator Motta, Daniel Contributor Casselberry, Leonard Casselberry, Jane Vickers, Savannah Date Created 2012-05-30 Date Modified 2014-09-30 Date Copyrighted 2012-05-30 Format video/wav application/pdf Extent 396 MB 172 KB Medium 39-minute and 14-second audio recording 19-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel Motta, Leonard Casselberry, and Janes Casselberry, and transcribed by Savannah Vickers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.casselberry.org/index.aspx?nid=33" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Casselberry. http://www.casselberry.org/. Robison, Jim. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2003-05-25/news/0305230547_1_casselberry-fern-hibbard" target="_blank">Casselberry Family Sheds New Light On Life Of City Founder</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, May 25, 2003. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2003-05-25/news/0305230547_1_casselberry-fern-hibbard. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/07e6bec83a190e1b586ee004f7edcbdd.mp3" target="_blank">Oral History of Leonard Casselberry and Jane Casselberry</a> Transcript Motta All right. It is May 30, 2012, and I am speaking to Mr. Leonard Casselberry and Mrs. Jane Casselberry at the Museum of Seminole County History. To start off, Mr. Casselberry, can you tell me a little about where you were born and your childhood? Leonard Well, I was born in Chicago[, Illinois]. I fit in a shoebox when I came down here, and I grew up and went to school in Winter Park. Motta So you just moved down here when you were one or two? Leonard Yes, yes. Motta So you went through high school in Winter Park High School? Leonard I went to military school two years. Jane Bolles Leonard Bolles Military School in Jacksonville. Motta Jacksonville. Leonard And went in the Navy. Motta So did you not spend much of your childhood in the Central Florida area, or… Leonard Oh, yes. Yes, went to school in Winter Park, and back out in Casselberry, when I was working out there, following my dad around a little bit. It’s what you usually do [laughs]. Motta So how long did you stay? You went through high school here, or just—when did you go to military school? Leonard Junior, senior year. Motta Okay. Was there any particular reason you went there, or... Leonard Well, it was just coming up on the war [World War II], and dad sent us for a little military training or something. Motta So how old were you when the war broke out? Leonard Eighteen or something. Jane Seventeen, I think. Leonard Seventeen. Motta Seventeen? So you didn’t serve? You were a little too young then? Leonard Couldn’t get in, then. Motta Yeah. No, no problem there. Leonard [laughs]. Motta So do you have any memories of—I mean, how was it, being the son of somebody who was starting his own town? Leonard Of course, we—Dad<a title="">[1]</a> was in the fern business out here, and occasionally I could ride from Winter Park, where I went to school at. We lived on Lake Maitland in Winter Park, and I’d ride with Dad coming out here. From Via Tuscany, and then come out on… Jane Lake Howell Road. Leonard Lake Howell Road, and turn left and come back out this way. Motta I imagine that trip was different then, much different-looking. Leonard Yes, came by the turkey farm, and came on out through the orange groves, on out to Casselberry. Jane It wasn’t Casselberry in charter until 1940. His dad came in 1926, to work with—what’d they call it, Fern Park Estates? Where they would try to have like an artist colony, and people to come down, and they would have a little piece of fernery, and some orange, piece of orange groves. Maybe they’d have a little income with their house, and they could retire here or come in the winter, and… Motta And that was with Mr. Burnett? Jane Yes, he was hired to sell real estate, and to—and Mr. Burnett had a fernery, and Mr. Casselberry started his own fernery, and of course there was a lot of tension between the two. Motta Yeah, I’d imagine. Yeah. Jane Yeah. Motta And you went to Winter Park High School, correct—s well? Jane I did. I graduated from Winter Park High. Motta And that’s where you two met? Jane Yes. Motta So did either of you do any work with the ferns or azaleas or anything? Like, were you actually… Jane He did as a kid, in the winter, when they called everybody in due to the danger of freezing. Motta Any stories there? Leonard Well, you know, are you familiar with a fern shed, and you see the pots and so on? But what’s the temperature on there? And the temperature indicates it’s going to be down close to freezing. We’d call the hands in, so to speak, and watch the temperature, and then Dad had thermometers stuck in the different areas around the fernery, so we could check the different areas, and when the temperature goes down in one part of it, they notify, send somebody out to get the hands, ‘cause most of them didn’t live in Casselberry. They lived over in Altamonte [Springs], and they’d send the truck around, get the fellows to come in that were gonna be there, and one of the ladies would come in, do a little cooking for us. We’d watch, read the thermometers, and when the temperature goes down close to 30-something, we’d pass the word along. The men would come on in, and they’d get their—some of them would have—Dad used to issue boots, and… Jane How did they light the smudge pots? Leonard They’d go around with—light the flare or a little torchlight that they could light, and they’d tip them down and spill some of the diesel and gas mixture into the pot to get it started. Motta Into the soil? Leonard In the pot. Light up, take a little while, ‘cause it was fuel oil and not gasoline. It’d explode or something. So. Motta So that’s how they kept the ferns warm? Leonard Yes—well, they’d light it. And, I was reading—Paul Bates was one of those foremen there, and he’d go in and light the north, and the west, or sometimes the east side, first. A row along the fence. Well, the heat inside slat roofs like that, keeps some of the heat underneath. But it’d let the sunlight in the daytime, but when it got cold, it’d keep some of the heat in it. When the temperature got down to 32 [degrees Fahrenheit], they’d light up the side that the breeze was blowing on, and that would go through the fernery and would still keep it above freezing, until it got lower at other parts and they’d light other pots. Sometimes they’d have to light them all—before morning, ‘cause the cold temperature here about seven o’clock or after. It was quite interesting, and we’d get around the heaters, and of course we’d have to continue reading, and if the temperature drops down, or comes back up, we’d put some of them out, or didn’t light them all. When the time comes to shut them down, they’d go by and snuff them out. Then we’d have to fuel them, and Dad got the Atlantic Coast Line Railway[sic] to put a side track on up there where Casselberry’s siding, inside where our railroad station is, and how it got started. Got a siding there. They’d come in, drop a tanker there, and we’d pump it out of there, and some of it would be there, then we’d pump it from there, part of it, out to a tank out by one part of the fernery, and another part to another part. Then they also had another pump. It would feed the line. We had line running from the tank on out the fernery. I don’t know if it shows it in this photograph or not, of a—run about a two-inch line, and then drops down to smaller, and then we had the faucet to fill at the end of each row where the pots were going down through, like in a row, and fasten the oil hose there, close the valve, of course, and then, move to the next one and fill the next row of pots that way. Motta Well, there’s a lot—there’s a lot you don’t think about, that goes into that. Leonard Yeah, they dragged in the oil, you know, like a sprinkler line or hose line down there, and it has a valve on the hose, so you’ll stick it inside the pot and watch until it gets full, turn it off and go to the next pot, does the same thing, in a row, and then as far as they can reach, and then go over to the next one and go back down, to fill them so they’d be ready for the next day. Jane Well, tell him about how they’d cut the fern asparagus plumosus and how they sorted it and everything. Leonard Well, asparagus plumosus used to—you’d refer to it as that ferns you’d see in the front of the banquet or someplace like that. Jane The center of the table. Leonard The center of the table. Sometime you get a flake of it in your butter or something—like that, butter patty? Jane [laughs]. Leonard It’s a lacy fern, and it usually lays flat. When it grows, as you call it asparagus plumosus, it comes up just like a shoot of asparagus, and comes on out and sticks way up in a room like this and finally feathers out up there like that, and turned—of course, it’s not always green. It’s yellow and gets green when—it gets dark green—when you grip it off to bring in the packinghouse, and in the packinghouse, they’ll cut them and bring them in in bunches, big bunches like this—field hands— ‘cause they’ll catch all different kinds when they’re clipping them, just trying to clip ripe ones, or good ones, so to speak, and then we they come in—and then the girls will grade them, and they’ll grade them, and some of them are long, and some of them are medium, and some will be shorts. Motta And get rid of the… Leonard The rest of them. Motta The rejects. Leonard Well, yeah. Go out, and then, they will be more or less laid flat on each other, like this, with a ball, bag of moss, like, on the end of it, with a—they’re tied together. Jane And it would have been in a tank of water. Leonard Ball of paper around it, and then they would be put in a tank to preserve them, like when you put flowers in a jar to keep them. Motta Were they shipped out like that? Leonard They would just sit down on slats in shallow tanks, like this, in rows, and then they would go in, pick them out, and go to pack them. Well, they were taken out of there, and dipped in icy water, and break up ice, put it in a tank, about so square and that deep. They’d dip them in so they’d get wet all the way through. Then they’d throw them on the rack and let them drain out, and then they’d put them in thin wood pack… Jane Crates. Leonard Crates, like food crates, like… Motta Like fruit crates? Leonard Similar to that, and they would line the box with newspapers. We used to open up newspapers, get them flat like this, and then we’d roll them and take them and sell them to Barnett or Casselberry who needs them, buys them, pays them so much a pound for them. So many cents a pound for them. The newspapers all flat, and they’d take four, five, six of them to line the box, put down the end, the side, and the side like this, and some in the bottom. They’d put a few bunches of fern in there like this, and then they’d have a chunk ice, and wrap it in newspaper, several layers, depending upon the size of the box for shipping, and you’d be put it in the middle. They’d put some more fern around it like that, close newspapers around it like that, and close the crate like that. Then you gotta—like an ice box, ice in the middle, wrapped up in paper, and the fern’s the insulation, and outside’s the insulation’s newspapers, and they’d take it to the railway express, and they’d load it on the train. Motta I never realized how much ice was involved with ferns. Leonard Yes. Jane And the—these ferns were shipped directly to the florist, and they could be packed to order if they wanted so many shorts or longs. Motta And did you ship just to around the Florida area, or nationally? Leonard Nationally. Jane All the states and Canada. Motta Oh, yeah? Jane At one time, it was the largest fern business in the world. Motta And that kind of tapered off after the [World] War [II]? Jane Well, during the war, of course, that was not a priority, to ship ferns. There were war materials. Also, a lot of the men were called to war, and didn’t have people to work. Motta So the women were mostly working in the… Jane So that’s when Mr. Casselberry was looking for something to help the war effort that would involve something that the women would be good at, and they said women can sew, you know. So that’s when they started making the bandoliers for the Army. Leonard And parachutes for fragmentation bombs? Jane That came later. Motta And your father—did he own the factories that made those, or... Jane Yes. Leonard Yes, he converted some of the buildings where the fertilizer mixing—where we mixed the fertilizer for a while, and we quit doing that and used that building on the railroad… Jane To make bandoliers. Leonard To make bandoliers on it. Jane But for the parachutes, we had to have a special building, and of course getting any priority to build anything was frankly impossible back then. Leonard Couldn’t build, even with the parts that you couldn’t buy building material, to build houses or anything like that, ‘cause everything was going to the war. Jane But he got the permission ‘cause they needed this product, and it went up in, what, how many days? A month or two months, and they said it was like a miracle building, you know. So that’s where they were making the bomb chutes to be used… Motta Do you… Jane Do you wanna tell what they—how they—why they needed them? Leonard Well, they needed them for fragmentation bombs. The ones they dropped bombs on, they had to fly low to drop down. But when you drop a bomb, it follows along underneath your plane. So they wanted a parachute for the backup to slow the—so the pilot could get out, you know? Jane Lost a lot of planes that way! Leonard [laughs]. Jane So they came up with the idea of putting a parachute on the bomb so it would slow it down and let the crew get away. Motta I’ve always seen the parachutes on the bomb, and I never thought of that. Yeah, that’s—could I—I’d like to back up a little bit. When you two met in high school, did you know who he was? I mean, did you know, like, who his father was? Jane Well, we were probably in tenth grade, and we would have shared some classes, study hall. Motta So everybody knew who his father was and everything at that time? Jane Well, not really much. But he had a nice convertible—owned by his dad—that he could come to school in. [laughs] Motta What kind of convertible? Jane Ford. Leonard This was a Ford Club Coupe convertible, with the top down. Motta Oh [laughs]. That’s a nice Florida car. Leonard Yeah, she wanted a ride home, but she didn’t tell me that ‘til later. Motta [laughs] Well, looks like things worked out well. Leonard Yes, very well. Jane Yes, and he lived on one side of Lake Maitland, and I lived on the other, and he would come see me in his mother’s sailboat. Motta So that was in Winter Park, not Maitland, you lived in? Jane That was Winter Park, Lake Maitland. Motta Okay. So, I mean, [laughs] what do you—I’d love to get your opinion on what you think of how the city’s [Casselberry] progressed. When you look at it today, what do you think? I mean, what comes to your mind? Leonard Well, we remember when we were incorporated, but also remember when we didn’t have so many families there. Jane Back to about the paper that they wrapped the ice in, that was a good way—later, after the war, when we had children, that’s how they made their money to go to the movies or whatever. We’d take newspapers, and roll them, and sell them to the fernery. Motta Oh, yeah? So people would just collect newspapers and sell them? Leonard Yeah, you’d collect your newspapers, leftover newspapers. Jane Stack them up and roll them. Leonard Recycling, so to speak. Motta Do you remember how much you got for like a bundle, or—like, how much… Jane Not much, but it was a lot then. Motta Yeah, few cents here and there. Yeah. Leonard Well, get a couple of rolls, and you made a movie ticket. Motta That’s not bad. Jane And the ferns were shipped on railway express, back then, ‘cause they didn’t have the airplanes and things, and one of the first times we ever sent a shipment out on air, we went up to Ocala, and there was just like a cargo plane, maybe like a [Douglas] DC-3. Motta So there wasn’t an airport near Sanford, then? Jane Well, I don’t know. Maybe that was the nearest one that was shipping agricultural things. Motta So do you remember—I read that your father got into azaleas—like starting to grow azaleas. Is that correct? Jane Yeah. Leonard Yes, back… Jane Earlier he was into gladiolas. Motta Oh, yeah. Jane They grew out gladiolas from the bulbs. And—I gave Kim [Nelson] a picture, and the Belgian azaleas were beautiful. Up ‘til then, you know, just had the plain azaleas. But we had—with the Belgian azaleas, there were so many different varieties, and they were ruffled, [inaudible], different colors and combination of colors, and he was in business with a man called Jules Cole… Leonard Jules Cole. Jane That knew about azaleas. That’s how they got introduced. Motta But it was mostly just ferns. That was the main product? Jane Yeah. Leonard The Belgian azaleas, they set up as a couple acres or something like that for him, and developed them. Dad sold them out on the highway, and would scatter them around through town. Jane There was an area that had, like the bay trees and oak trees and things. It was like north of where the [Casselberry] City Hall is now. It’s this plain, but back then it was just thick woods. Motta Near Lake Concord, or... Jane And he had, like… Leonard South of Lake Concord. Motta Okay. Jane Like a faux Cypress Gardens. He had girls in antebellum skirts and outfits, showing people around the azaleas. Motta Oh, yeah? Were there like refreshments and things there? Leonard No, it wasn’t that. But it was just a… Motta Just a… Leonard Something that slows traffic down. Jane [laughs]. Motta So you mentioned going by orange groves. Your father wasn’t in that business at all? Orange… Leonard No, we had a couple places where we started some going. Tally Hattaway and I got a bunch of seedlings up, but we didn’t follow through with much of them. Jane They were, like, sour, and they had this idea of planting them in the ferneries to add a shade. I guess it was expensive to replace the slats, and they planted these trees—orange trees—that got big, to provide shade, and that was the area where you find Target now. Motta By the Evergreen Cemetery? Jane It was all ferneries, and it had those orange trees growing in there. The sour oranges. Motta So the orange trees were pretty much abandoned then, ‘cause of the sour? Jane Yeah. Leonard Yeah, well, they liked the oak trees, and the competition we had… Jane Oak trees, yeah. Leonard Was from DeLand ferneries, and they’d grow theirs out in the woods, under the oak trees. Jane Out in Volusia [County]. Motta So that was your father’s competition, the DeLand growers? Leonard Some of it was there. Jane We had local competition. Leonard Yeah, and then, so, we started buying oak trees. Dad put some of them on every lot that he was developing, and then we had planted some of them in ferneries, and so we had quite a few that were trees, but we didn’t replace the slats much again, and just let them grow under the trees. We could get them that way. Jane Well, we moved to Casselberry after he got out of the Navy, after World War II, and he had a piece of fernery that he’d inherited, from an aunt or something? Leonard Aunt May had left it to my brother and I, a couple acres of fernery, were on these development deals where they could have a house on it and so on, and Dad just leased those, so I said, “Well, can I lease those?” And Dad said, “Yeah, let me lease them.” So I’d be responsible for them, and I’d see about getting the fertilizer, mowing them, taking care of them. Had a crew working, just like big crews too. Yeah. Of course, in most cases they’re cutting fern or something like that, but they also had crews that they’d weed when they weren’t cutting. They’d go back to weeding or something else. Motta So that looks like a pretty big fernery. Was that about average size, or was this... Leonard No, that’s just one acre or so. There’d be several of those put together. Jane And he got, worked up all these florist customers, and we went through the Midwest, visiting and trying to get business. Motta So was that your primary business after you got out of the Navy? Leonard Probably for a little while. But Dad wanted us to go to the conventions, and we’d have to wear white. Jane Yeah, he always wore a white Palm Beach suit, or white with white jodhpurs or something, with a spray of fern on his lapel, and so when we were going with him to Chicago, to the convention, we had to have the white suits, too. With the fern. Motta And you didn’t care for those? Jane Oh, they were fine, except I got one and he said, “No, that wouldn’t do it.” It had to be like the Palm Beach kind of suit. Motta Wrong kind of fern? Jane So—went back and got some more—another outfit. Motta So you’ve lived in Casselberry since then? You haven’t lived anywhere else, moved anywhere? Jane Not since then. Leonard Well, we lived at the horse track for several years. Motta At the horse track? Leonard Yes. Jane Yes, see, soon after we moved to Casselberry, Mr. Casselberry acquired the Seminole Driving Park, and that was what, at the time, a winter training track for harness horses, and it was built about 1925, something like that, and then at time there was thoroughbred racing and different things. So here we were. We had no experience in this at all, and they’re a very closed community—the horsemen. But, so then he had to get the property ready, the barns fixed up and tack rooms, and came with it like a grandstand and a clubhouse. Well, his dad wanted him to run the clubhouse like an American plan hotel. So, as well as maintaining the track and everything, we had to go in the hotel business. Motta And that was... Jane And he was his early twenties, with—had to learn, like, experience… Motta As you’re going along? Jane Yeah, and he had to go up north to the horse sales to placate the horsemen that might have been upset about something that happened before we got it, and talk them into coming back, and then he would fix up the barns and do this and that. So. Leonard Of course, we didn’t know that when Dad—it’s adjacent to his property, and Dad bought it and he’d acquired some additional property to be able to develop part of. Says, “You can take care of the horses or I can.” So we were in there and trying to take care of it. When they sold it is when the horsemen had agreed with Ben White Raceway, which hadn’t started yet. They said Orlando told them, “We’ll build this half-mile track in Orlando if you’ll come down here, leave Seminole [County].” So they agreed to do that. Jane Well, we figured, at least we’ve got this guy Frank that’s a track man that would know what to do and knows the horsemen, and then he announces that he’s been hired to go to Ben White [laughs]. Motta So they just stole it all away from... Jane Yeah [laughs]. Leonard Well, they stayed just a little bit. We had some help getting up until they had to move to over there, on how to handle—we bought a jeep to drag the track with. Had a water wagon. Jane A clay track. Dirt track. Motta And was this all—were all these jobs—you were writing at the time? Jane I was not writing—well, I had been writing just local news for the area newspapers. Motta Like the Sanford newspaper? Jane But not full-time. So, his dad advertised it with an organization called “Ask Mr. Foster”, where you could—they send people to you, a travel service, you know, and so we were getting—here we were, and we had people, ninety-year-old women and eighty-year-old men, and then we had young families looking for excitement, and women looking for men. Whatever, you know [laughs]. Had all this variety, plus we had the horsemen to feed, and the grooms you’d have to feed like at five in the morning, before they went out to work the horses, and we’d have—they would be kind of rough, and would come and get drunk or something, and then we’d have these nice people [laughs] Oh, it was interesting. Motta Sounds interesting. So did you have any other jobs after that, or... Jane Well, in the summertime, we didn’t have the horses. About May, they would go up to the races, and sometimes you would have car races back then, before they had the Daytona… Motta [Daytona] 500? Jane They would have stock car races on that track. Motta And where was this located, the track located? In the… Jane You know where Seminola Boulevard is? Motta The same, where the… Jane Where they’re building apartments there now. Motta Oh, the big… Jane At the end of Seminola Boulevard. Motta Oh, yeah, the big field area. Leonard Yeah. Jane Yeah, all of that was our track property. Motta When did that go away, the track? Jane We had a one-mile track. After Mr. Casselberry sold his white elephant. He—it was various kinds of horse races with pari-mutuel betting, and then it was dog races. I mean, we had like a dog track on each end of Seminola. Motta So the track went away in the ‘70s or so, or, around then? Jane Well, a few years back, they closed down the dog track, and then they sold it to this developer. Well, actually, they sold it to Northland Church, and then Northland decided to expand on their present property on Dog Track [Road], and they sold it to the developer, and they’re still building and building, building. Motta Oh, wow. Well, learn something new every day. Leonard Yes. Motta So, your opinion on today’s Casselberry? Leonard Is it what? Motta Do you like it? Do you enjoy what the city is like now? Leonard Oh, yes. Of course, Dad had a lot of fun while it was happening. Motta Yeah. I know it was a lot different. Leonard He was working and sweating on a lot of it, some of it. Motta You think he would be proud of what it has become? Leonard Oh, yes. Jane I think so. Right now, it’s in kind of flux in major areas, business areas, because of those fly-overs. Motta Yeah, I actually live just about a half-mile from one of those—the construction site. So, yeah. Jane Yeah, they built—you know, they bought up property. But it’s just sitting there, and the business had to move, or close, or something. But we like the parks, what they’re doing with the parks. They’re beautiful, and people are using them. Motta Well, let’s see if we have any… Jane You asked what he did. He’s done a little bit of everything, but he worked for Casselberry Utilities many years. His father developed the sewer system that built the sewer plant and everything. That was the first sewer plant in Seminole County that really treated the sewage. Leonard Sanford had one. They just chewed it a little bit and dumped it in a lake. Jane Dumped it in Lake Monroe. Leonard [laughs]. Motta Did your father own the utility company, or was that city by then? Leonard He owned it. Jane He owned it, and eventually it was sold to the city, and he continued to work for the city. Leonard For a short time. Jane For a time. Leonard Seven years. Not enough to get a retirement out of it. Jane And then after he retired, he went to work for the City of Winter Park Utilities, ‘til he was up in mid-seventies. Motta Oh, impressive. Leonard That’s a while back. Jane Yes, 87 now. Motta Oh, wow. Congratulations. Working into your mid-seventies, that’s admirable. Jane A lot of people can be doing that now [laughs]. Motta Yeah, it’s admirable, though. Was there anything else you would like to discuss that we haven’t already? Any anecdotes or anything? Leonard Any more questions you have? Motta I think we covered a lot there. Leonard Yes, more than you want, probably. Motta Oh, no, this is great for me. All right. Well, thank you very much. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Hibbard Casselberry. </div> </div> Altamonte Springs Ask Mr. Foster asparagus plumosus azaleas bandoliers Belgian azaleas Ben White Raceway Bolles School bomb chutes Burnett car racing Casselberry Casselberry Utilities Chicago, Illinois City of Winter Park Utilities Cole, Julius Cypress Gardens Daniel Motta Daytona 500 DeLand dog racing Dog Track Road Douglas DC-3 Evergreen Cemetery Fern Park Estates ferneries fernery ferns fertilizer mixing fertilizers Ford Club Coupe convertible fragmentation bombs gladiolas Hattaway, Tally Hibbard Casselberry horse racing horse tracks horses hotels Jacksonville Jane Casselberry Julius Cole Kim Nelson Lake Concord Lake Howell Road Lake Maitland Lake Monroe Leonard Casselberry Longwood military schools Northland Church oak trees Ocala orange groves orange trees oranges orlando packinghouses Palm Beach parachutes railway express Sanford Savannah Vickers schools Seminola Boulevard Seminole County Seminole Parking Drive sewage Target U.S. Army U.S. Navy Via Tuscany Volusia County Winter Park Winter Park High School World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fac38774dbfc97499b915c3517fa38c1.pdf 21b102ec50535c8d68155feeb2422bb8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Geneva Collection Subject Museums--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Geneva, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Geneva is a community in Seminole County. The area was originally inhabited by the Timucuan tribe as early as 2000 B.C.E. Between 1765 and 1766, John and William Bartram explored the St. John's River including the area that would become Geneva, which was inhabited at the time by the Seminole tribe formed in the 1760s. New settlers arrived and settled in Harney Cove during the 1843-1845 period. Harney Cove was renamed Geneva in 1880. Contributor <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/" target="_blank">Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Geneva, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/" target="_blank">Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/" target="_blank">Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/geneva_history.htm" target="_blank">Geneva History</a>." Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society, Inc. http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/geneva_history.htm. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/52" target="_blank">Apopka Historical Society and Museum of the Apopkans Collection</a>, Apopka Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Motta, Daniel Interviewee Haldeman, Harold Location <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Harold Haldeman Alternative Title Oral History, Haldeman Subject Sawmills--United States Maitland (Fla.) Lumber industry Cypress Great Depression, 1929-1939 Description An oral history of Harold Haldeman, conducted by Daniel Motta on July 11, 2012. Haldeman was born on November 12, 1924, in Tampa, Florida, but spent much of his life in Osceola. In the interview, Haldeman discusses his childhood, migration to Osceola, the differences between Maitland and Osceola, the sawmill in Osceola, the lumber industry, race relations in Central Florida, the effect of the Great Depression and World War II on industry, the Geneva airfield, and education in Geneva during the Depression. Abstract Oral history interview of Harold Haldeman. Interview conducted by Daniel Motta at the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Type Text Source Original oral history: Haldeman, Harold. Interviewed by Daniel Motta. July 11, 2012. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/54" target="_blank">Geneva Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Tampa, Florida Maitland, Florida Osceola, Florida University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida Seminole County Landfill, Geneva, Florida Creator Motta, Daniel Haldeman, Harold Contributor Vickers, Savannah Date Created 2012-07-11 Date Copyrighted 2012-07-11 Format application/pdf Extent 168 KB Medium 21-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel Motta and Harold Haldeman and transcribed by Savannah Vickers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Transcript Motta This is Daniel Motta. I’m here at the Museum of Seminole County History. It is July 11th, 2012. I’m talking with Mr. [Harold] Haldeman. Mr. Haldeman, if you could peek in—could you just tell me where and when you were born? Haldeman I was born in Tampa, Florida, November 12, 1924. Motta All right. And what brought you to Central Florida? Haldeman Well, we initially, when I was about six months old, we moved to Maitland, Florida, where I was baptized in the First Presbyterian Church of Maitland. And we were there until 1928, when my father got a job at the Osceola Cypress Company, which was in Osceola, Florida—not to be confused with Osceola County, you know, where Kissimmee is. Okay? Motta Yeah. Haldeman So we switched to Seminole County. Motta So you were brought to Osceola because of your father, you said? Haldeman That’s right. And I was about four years old at the time. Motta So some of your earlier memories were from the sawmill? Haldeman Yes. In other words, generally speaking, you start remembering things when you’re three and a half or four years old, so I have very good memories of, you know, of the actual move. You know, the physical move, and a little bit about some of the people at the time. But most of it would come, like with most people, five or six years old on up. Motta Okay. Haldeman I wasn’t, naturally, [laughs] I wasn’t out running around much when I was four years old, naturally. Motta Yeah. Well, could you describe a little bit about when you actually arrived in Osceola—the memories as being a child? Could you describe just, like, the day-to-day life of the town? Haldeman Well, of course. I think the first impression was it was different than Maitland, ‘cause in the case of Maitland, even though the house was literally right on [U.S. Route] 17-92—you know, going through the area—there were just houses around without any other infrastructure. Whereas in this case, as you came into town, you’d see some houses on the left-hand side, and the school, and then the boarding house and the post office. And then on the right-hand side, there might be a train of logs there, you know, fifteen cars long, you know, with a train engine, and then in the distance, a sawmill literally at the end of the street. So the infrastructure was naturally quite different than what I was used to. Motta So Osceola actually seemed like more of a bustling town than Maitland, at the time? Haldeman Yes, mainly because you were seeing the whole town kind of at one swoop. Motta Yeah, kind of condensed. Haldeman Whereas the case in Maitland, they had to either go into Winter Park, or inside[?] Maitland itself—as you probably know today [laughs] —still doesn’t have much in the way of business. It’s mostly Winter Park and Orlando. Motta Could you describe the house you moved into, and like the street and neighborhood, a little? Haldeman Well, the first five houses as you came in, on the left-hand side—and you always could remember that you were into the little town, because there was a cattle guard, because the area was fenced off. So from an early age, I remember going across the cattle guard, ‘cause if you were asleep, as a little kid, you’d wake up going over the cattle guard, and you knew you were home. So the first five houses on the left-hand side, which kind of called it executive[?] row. That might be a misterm today. But the first house had the bookkeeper. The second house the general superintendent. The third house the person in charge of the mill—not the president, but the operational manager. And my father was the sales manager. He was the fourth house. The company doctor was in the fifth house. So the house itself was—for a company house—was a pretty nice, you know, relatively, to speak of, of course today, a pretty nice house. And of course they [inaudible] electricity during the [Great] Depression. They didn’t—but, so the facilities were pretty good. The water, of course, the water was free, but it came strictly out of the St. Johns River, so [laughs], you naturally didn’t drink it, but it was okay to take a bath in. So those were the things that I probably would have noticed that—because in Maitland, you know, you have the normal city water and all that sort of thing. But so the house was larger than the one in Maitland, so that was probably noticeable, you know, from a kid’s standpoint. Motta So where did the water that you drank and cooked with—where did that come from? Haldeman The water we drank—that was—unfortunately for the area, if you put down a well, you got quite a bit of salt in the waters. So, had they known—had the company known they were gonna be there that long—they would have even gone deeper to get water, or they would have piped it from Geneva, which was five miles away, but they had good water there. So we used bottled water in some cases. We also supplemented it every time we went into Sanford. We’d always have a couple of five-gallon jugs. In those days, the space between the back seat and the front seat was big enough for five-gallon jugs. And we’d fill it in a filling station, so that was part of it. Now, some of the people, particularly coming from the black quarters, would walk down to the depot on [inaudible] railroad, and there was a pump down there—that the water was drinkable. It had a little strange taste. I mean, it wasn’t, you know, natural spring water, but it was suitable, you know, for that type of thing. But you just had to get used to the taste of it. Motta Well, you mentioned these utilities there. How self-sufficient, like in itself, was Osceola? Did you have to take frequent trips to Orlando or Sanford or anywhere else, to get things? Haldeman Well, the company, they had a company town and they had their company store, which I worked in at a later date, which we’ll cover later. But it was 18 miles into Sanford on the nine-foot road. And so, we generally went into Sanford on Saturdays. That was kind of the custom in those days, particularly people from out of town. And then we got relatively few items from the company store, because [inaudible] was small and didn’t have a lot of buying power. Even though they were pretty honest, the prices were higher there than they would have been at a bigger store in Sanford. And, now, when you get into special holidays or Christmas, we were more apt to go to Orlando, where there was more retail establishments, [inaudible] otherwise. But that was generally the way we got things. Of course, [inaudible], with a catalog, that’s where almost everybody that lived in the countryside got their clothes and a lot of things, ‘cause that was generally cheaper than buying it in most any town. Motta You mentioned that your father was the sales manager. What were his duties? Like how were they different from the other managers’? Haldeman Well, he was sales manager, but he also handled all the administrative things. Like he was in charge of buying the insurance and making sure they had insurance coverage. He bought all the supplies for the mill, and things of that nature that you might call operational manager duties, from that standpoint, because there was relatively few key people, as you can see, you know, from the houses that I mentioned, ‘cause the rest of them were either in the supervisory level or below that. Motta Did… Haldeman Actually, in the sales manager part, he didn’t necessarily handle the salespeople in sales. It would be more like a marketing manager, because they sold through their own representative in Florida to the retail lumber industry, and they sold through wholesale lumber companies in the Midwest and the Northeast. And of course, there wasn’t any reason to go over towards Louisiana or other places in the South, because they already had cypress mills, you know, closer to them. So it was kind of a duke’s mixture of a lot of duties, really. Motta Okay. And there were two higher level managers, your father and the other. What did you say… Haldeman Only one, actually, above him, what would be the president of the company. So you had a very, you know, limited chain of command. Motta So the foreman was just—he had… Haldeman The foreman would actually be under either the sawmill foreman or the planing mill foreman, or something of that nature. And they generally were lumber inspectors or someone that handled the crew. Or, in the case of the sawmill or the planing mill, you had an engineer around the steam engines, where you used the power plant and that sort of thing. Motta Were there any—as you were a child, when you had first got there, do you remember any of the children having any roles in the sawmill business itself, like in any just odd jobs they would do here and there, or like chores they were expected to do by their parents? Was there anything… Haldeman You mean for the mill itself, or for outside of the mill? Motta Really anything, but were they involved in—really anything. Haldeman No, but really not, because there weren’t that many opportunities. There was—it’s not like, you know, going down and working for McDonald’s or something. They would have—including myself—would have loved to have had some opportunities, but there wasn’t even a paper route, you know, to have. So that was very limited, so they generally did things for their folks and, you know, mowed the lawn and all that sort of thing. And in some cases, like in our yard—the yards were fairly large. The yard was a hundred by three hundred, which would be the size of a football field. So you had a lot of grass to cut, and then in the back part you had chickens and a little garden and so forth. So kids in general, like in the country or particularly farm area, have got plenty to do without working at McDonald’s, if you know what I mean. Motta You just mentioned chickens. Was there much livestock there, that the families took care of, or was it a… Haldeman Well, it depends. It depends on the family. The general superintendent at the time, particularly prior to—well, most of the time—he had a cow, you know, that produced milk for the family. And I don’t remember a garden in this case, but we had a garden in the back. It grew, you know, naturally not all of our needs, but certainly it, you know, helped. And that type of thing. And [inaudible] chickens—I raised chickens not only for the family, but I sold them to the workers and so forth around the mill. I generally had about 75 hens, you know, for laying eggs, and then I had about 300 fryers. Fryers, rather than [inaudible] beyond that. In other words, fryer is good to sell when they’re about six to eight weeks old. And you get about 25 cents a pound live weight. Remarkably, eggs and chickens were—adjusted for the dollar—were a lot more expensive back then than they are today. Motta So you were doing this business with your chickens when you were still a child? Haldeman Yeah. Yeah, from the time I was about ten years old ‘til about 15 years old. Motta Okay. Haldeman So, really, ‘til the time we moved away. Motta Did you also say that you had a job in the store—the company store—eventually? Haldeman Yeah, when I got out of high school—Seminole High School—in 1941. I was barely 16 when I got out of high school. So, I didn’t have money to go to college, so I worked in the company store from, you know, May or early June of ’41 until September of ’42, when I went to the University of Florida one year before I went into the Navy. So that would have been 15 months, and I saved enough money to go to Florida. ‘Cause my year at Florida—at University of Florida—in ’42, ’43, my total expenses, including bus fare to Gainesville, was $490. So it was much cheaper to go [laughs] to college back then, because the tuition—if you want to call it tuition—they were on a semester system at the time. So the two semesters, and each one was $64 a semester, which would be $128 for the whole year, and that included your yearbook, your football tickets, and concerts, and, you know, soup to nuts. So, I wouldn’t exactly call that tuition [laughs]. So the cost, most of the cost of going to school was room and board. Motta So… Haldeman Compared to today, it’s quite a contrast. Motta Yeah. Yes. So you said you went to college in 1942 and ’43? Haldeman Yeah. I went ’42 to ’43. Just the one year. And I was supposed to be called to go into the service. I had signed up for a certain thing, but you had to wait ‘til you were called, but for some reason each county is a little different. You could be in one county and be called much earlier than other counties, or much later than other counties, see. And Seminole County just happened to be one that seemed to have not a surplus, but an adequate number. So you might not be called for a while. So actually, when I got out of college that year, I worked at—I went back to work for the company. I worked in the office in the afternoon, and then I ran the light plant. They had their own light plant, and I ran the light plant at night, ‘til 11 o’clock. We didn’t have lights after 11 o’clock. So then I went in the Navy, about the same time that my folks moved down to Port Everglades, or Fort Lauderdale. Motta And that was about—that was the time they moved down there because of the sawmill operation closedown? Haldeman Oh, yeah. It was the closing down thing. My father was there the longest of anybody, because they liquidated the [inaudible] of the company. Actually, the company that continued was a different ownership, but some of the same people. Not all the same people, but some of them. And it became a wholesale lumber distribution of the West Coast lumber, rather than cypress. And, so, they took over the liquidation of the town, which most of it—where they just didn’t—where it’s nothing, you know. A steel rail that would have been junk, you know, scratch steel and so forth. But as the war progressed—World War II—those items that were junk. They started having value. So that was one thing that got them shortage. So my father was in charge of getting rid of the things. So the houses that normally would have just kind of deteriorated were actually moved to Sanford and other places, as full houses. And the things were too big, people would come out and tear them down piece by piece, take them back to other places in Seminole County and build another house, ‘cause you couldn’t get lumber any other way, because the government took all the production, you know, that was available. So you had to use something that was already there in order to build anything. And so some of the trains were—they generally were sold for scrap, but the steel rail was suitable to use in the mines and other places, either in the U.S. or South America. So they brought a lot more money than they would have as scrap—scrap metal. The rails—they were used in the logging woods, and so they were quite a few miles of rail, and they just had it stacked up, you know, ready to be sold as scrap or something. But most of that was sold as rail. Now, it’s what you call “light rail.” You couldn’t use it on the main railroad. So there might be—a regular railroad has at least 100- to 150-pound rail, which is three feet is 150 pounds, where this might be a 60-pound rail or something like that. So it was limited use, but still had a lot of value, when you couldn’t use it any other way. Motta So, why exactly did the sawmill operation move to South Florida? Haldeman Well, the mill didn’t move. They just formed a different type of company. In other words, they no longer sold out of Florida, because they wouldn’t have had enough market, because there’s other people doing the same thing, [inaudible]. In other words, cypress was replaced with lumber from Oregon and Washington and British Columbia and places like that. And what you were shooting for wasn’t [inaudible] in the East very much, because they didn’t—perhaps in the Northwest—not the Northwest—but the Midwest, might have used some. But generally the freight part was too great to compete with things in the Eastern part of the U.S. So the complexion changed considerably, from manufacturing completely to wholesale distribution. In other words, buying lumber on the West Coast of the country. And it either came by ship or by rail over to the Southeast, and then it was distributed all over Florida by truck. So you can see it’s a different type. See, the timber ran out. The last timber they had—well, the first timber when we moved in there—it came from an area between Osteen and New Smyrna, a little town called Maytown, which I guess is still there. And Maytown was kind of a distribution point on the [inaudible] Railroad that went down to Okeechobee. And now—prior to that, it came from the section from Holopaw down to Okeechobee, in the Kissimmee Valley and places like that. But then the latter part of the time, they logged back of Holly Hill and Ormond Beach and that area, which is Tomoka River section and so forth. But that ran out in 1938, so the sawmill shut down for good in ’38, but they still ran the planing mill, and they brought in lumber from the [inaudible] mill. They had a little mill up in Otter Creek, which is west of Gainesville. And then they had their own little [inaudible] mill near Kissimmee. Actually, I guess it would be where [Walt] Disney [World] is now. There used to be some cypress in that area. And, so, but that was a limited amount, and they did that up until about 1943. And then they closed down the planing mill and everything by that time. So, ‘cause even after 1938, they had 25 million [inaudible] of cypress. It was on the drying yard, ‘cause cypress has to be air-dried, compared to chill-dried. So it takes a long time. It takes a year to the inch. If you got a one-inch board, then technically[?] it takes a year to dry it. If it’s two inches, it takes two years. So if you get into bigger stuff, like a tank, it’s four inches, so it can take four years, you know, to dry it. So you got a lot of stock there that takes a number of years to heat it up. In fact, the only thing that speeded it up was—in World War II—was to get into blossom, and the defense part started picking up after 1940. So, that had an effect to pick up the business, and they were able to move it out at a faster rate. That’s the reason that otherwise it might have—the planing mill—might have run for another couple years, had it not been for World War II. Motta Now, I know the company was called the Osceola Cypress Company, but did you deal with any other kinds of woods, or was it just cypress exclusively? Or did you… Haldeman It was just cypress, cypress exclusively, ‘cause it’s pretty hard, in the first place, with yellow pine, which is all over the state, particularly the northern part of the state, at the time, it can be a fairly large mill, or it can be a small mill. And actually, today, a pine mill, you’ve seen the trucks running around with the logs on them. They look like telephone poles, you know, whereas cypress was a much bigger log. It took them a much bigger mill, much like California redwood requires. Motta Yeah. Haldeman Well, so in cypress—the difference is you cut for quality, not for quantity. Now, most mills cut for quantity, and not for quality, because the logger doesn’t want a sawyer looking at it ten different times and treating it all kinds of ways to get it the best cut. They just shoot it through and it’s done with a computer. They do it in such a manner, they get the most [inaudible] rather than the most quality, because the quality’s gonna be pretty general anyhow, pretty much on the low end of the spectrum. Motta So did most sawmills in the Florida area—did they deal with cypress, or was it like a mixed bag? Haldeman No, no, most of them were yellow pine, but the reason there weren’t many cypress was because firstly, there wasn’t that much cypress, but also, you had to have a big mill. Everything about it is big. Then the logging part is very expensive, ‘cause you’re going down in swamps. You build a railroad every mile, and then you have big skinners pulling the log as much as a half-mile in each direction. So that takes a lot of equipment. But on the other hand, the lumber that comes out of it brings a much bigger price. Otherwise, you couldn’t afford anything, ‘cause cypress is not a commercial tree. You can grow a good—pretty good—yellow pine for lumber in 30 years, particularly in Mississippi, where they get a lot of rain. Whereas I don’t think you can even classify cypress, ‘cause usually most of those logs were six or eight hundred years old. Most, to begin with. So 60 years—you get a fencepost, you know. Also, cypress—when you look at cypress around Florida, most of that is what they call “pond cypress,” and it never gets very big. It’s really used for a fencepost and that sort of thing. And for log cabins or something. And it has a lot of sap in it. It has very little heart, so it’ll rot away pretty fast, whereas the bigger logs were heavier heart. Only the last outer inch was sap. So, there’s a big, big difference between the two. Cypress in general was the epitome of the finest in what you call softwoods. Now, and there weren’t too many hardwoods to cut in Florida. They might cut some. I’m sure they would cut some gum and a few things like that, but they did it mainly for their own use, for doing trams[?] going out through the drying yards and that sort of thing. They never did sell it or anything. So 99 percent of the cut was cypress. Motta In the pictures you sent us, I noticed that most everything in the town is made out of wood. Was the building material cypress for the homes, or was that… Haldeman Yeah. Yeah. And the original mill—I’m not sure what the tree was, but the first mill burned down at some point, and evidently the ownership—the deal was different or more money was poured in—I’m not sure what—but the things that were built after about 1921 seemed to be built much better than the ones prior to that time. And you can tell this by—if you look at the one—the company store, that was a sufficient building, but it was a fairly crude building. And some of the early houses weren’t that great. But then, after that, they were built in a much better way. For example, the boarding house, which was the only two-story building you’ll see in the pictures there, the vertical beams on that—when they tore it down, nobody could believe that they were so far apart [laughs]. In other words, that in fact—the guys that tore it down—they finally had to push it over, ‘cause they were scared to go up on top and take the roofing off, because it’s amazing it stays under that long. But of course, when you build something for a temporary basis, you never expect it could be there that long. In fact, one interesting thing between the white people that came out and tore things down—and that had to be white people in this case—they didn’t do nearly as good as the blacks did. The blacks would come out with 15 or 20 of their cousins, you know, and they would do it piece by piece, and they could retrieve much more of the house than the white people that did it, because they weren’t quite in as much a rush, and they had the personnel to be more meticulous on tearing it down. And of course, two stories, in all fairness, was a little different ‘cause of the mere fact it was two stories. And the white group that did that did a very stupid thing. They took all the siding off the bottom before they started taking the roof off. Well, once you take the siding off, you’ve lost all the strength of the building. Then nobody would go up on the top to take the roofing part off. And by “roofing,” I don’t mean the shingles. I’m talking about the boards, ‘cause the roof is—what you put over the roof—the roof is the boards themselves. But at any rate, that’s kind of an interesting sidelight of the differences in the people, you know. Motta I read that many of the workers at the sawmill were black. Was Osceola pretty much as segregated as any other town in the South at that time, or… Haldeman Oh, yeah. The only thing that was probably more democratic, we had two or three black people. In fact, one that—he was kind of a mentor to me, ‘cause I was kind of a little kid following him around. And he—I was always amazed at what he could do with his education and so forth. I will always wonder where he got it from, you know. His wife was a midwife across the river from Sanford, in Enterprise, and she used to bring him out every Monday morning and then pick him up Friday night. And, but he kept up the electrical system, which was the city lights, a 2500-volt system—[inaudible] lighting system—and the light—the engine itself and the generator was in the sawmill and earlier in the planing mill. And they would run only at certain times, because there was no need to run them 24 hours a day. And then there was another black fellow, I think they worked down in the shop, because they built the lumber cars. They kept up the steam engines and all that sort of thing. It was all in-house help. And so, there really—religion or race didn’t seem to have too much to do with it. But now, by nature of the beast, some of the blacks didn’t have opportunity at an earlier age, and that’s understandable. But they had several that had fairly good jobs. And, as far as religion—you didn’t know who was Jewish and who wasn’t Jewish, you know. Not many paid much attention. So that was pretty much, you know—I’d say a full democratic system, except for the housing. Housing was separate, and that was the one part that probably could have been better, but of course, the turnover was a little greater than in the [inaudible]. But most of the blacks were in there, if they were fairly long-term, they would tend to fix things up, and of course the company would furnish lumber for them and so forth. And so a lot of things were done in that way, even in the case of my folks’ house. My father did a lot to it to improve it, and of course the company furnished the lumber part, so there wasn’t a great expense to, you know, to make improvements. Like I built all the chicken houses and all that sort of thing, and there was no shortage of lumber, particularly in the depths of the Depression [laughs]. Motta Since you mentioned the Depression, was there any kind of significant impact on the town at the time? Like in the ‘30s? Haldeman Oh, yeah, because the sawmill—the sawmill shut down in 1932 and didn’t start back up until 1936. 1936 was the first start to pull out of the Depression. Unfortunately, by 1937, it was kind of [laughs], like some of our [inaudible] right now, things kind of went backwards for a while in ’37. So it wasn’t until ’39 or ’40 that it started picking back up again. So, but they managed to get through 1937 okay, because some parts of the country were still doing all right. But Florida—Florida really didn’t pick up until, well, really the first part of World War II. The first preparations were done early starting in 1940, but particularly in ’41, when [Franklin D.] Roosevelt figured we were gonna see this thing, you know, whether we like it or not. So, whereas some parts of the country held up better— ‘cause, as I said, they sold through the wholesalers in the Northeast and the Midwest. But it was affected ‘cause naturally all the sawmill workers, I don’t know where they went [?]. Of course, some of them were from Georgia. They went back to their folks’ farm or whatever, you know. Fortunately, in the Depression, so many people went back to the farms, where their parents were or relatives were, and today we don’t have those farms to go back to. It was a little different. But, and then of course, the logging camp naturally shut down, because there was nobody to, you know, get the logs. So there was[sic] four years—and that was probably the worst—also the worst part of Seminole County or anywhere near there, as far as the Depression was concerned, because the banks closed. The [inaudible] Bank closed there for a while, and not too many banks survived it—the Depression— ‘cause you didn’t have the FDIC [Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation] guarantee any deposits or anything. So, so that was a rough period. So I’m sure Sanford, you know, was affected by it just as much as any other part. I think the only—I must say that Orlando, and perhaps Lakeland, and Miami Beach, probably did the best during the Depression. Orlando seemed to go along. They weren’t booming, but they kept building a few houses during the Depression. Motta When people started leaving the town, to your knowledge—do you know if anybody stayed or stuck around, or didn’t pretty much… Haldeman Well, some of the blacks stayed in Sanford. I know the black that kept the boiler room going, and that was probably one of the more important jobs, ‘cause he was the night boiler man, and so they had to keep it up, keep the steam up—you had to keep the steam up not only to be ready the next day, but also in case of fire. You had to have steam for the steam pumps, for water and so forth. And so you kept it up just enough to keep steam, but not enough, you know, to waste the fuel with excess steam that would blow off if it got to be more than needed. Now, he had quite a family, and a lot of those were either from Sanford or from the back end of Sanford. And as you probably well know, the Sanford[?] district was out east in Sanford, on either Celery Avenue, particularly Geneva Avenue. And then of course the black shopping district was on Sanford Avenue, which was where Gatlin Grocery Store was. In fact, I have an ad in that, 1940 ad of one of their sales in their weekly newspaper thing, kind of interesting to see the price of different things [laughs]. Motta Yeah, I’d imagine. Haldeman So, at any rate, the economic growth—I would suspect that Seminole County was hurt a lot more than Orange County—but maybe not as much as some of the counties in the northern part of Florida. But Jacksonville probably did a little better than some of the others, because that was quite a distribution point for a lot of things, like more so, at that time, relatively speaking, than it is today. Motta So you don’t know of anybody that actually stayed around in Osceola after everybody left? Haldeman No, there wasn’t any place to stay, really, ‘cause the company owned all the houses and they sold them all. But… Motta And they owned the land as well? Haldeman And they owned the land. And in fact, we had to, the land stayed with the [inaudible] company at Port Everglades until 1982. And it was leased out for years to Cameron[?] for cattle. In fact, they had their own cattle for a while, which was never very profitable. Then they sold it to—no, beg your pardon—they leased it to Cameron, which was a cattleman there. In fact, I think there’s a Cameron Boulevard off of around State Route 436, somewhere along in there. But anyway, that’s the Cameron family. And the thousand acres, about 400 of that was prairie off of Lake Harney, so that used to flood every year, almost every year. In recent years, I don’t think it has. But [inaudible], ‘cause when the water went down, of course you had tremendous grazing[?] for cows[?]. The rest of it was kind of a scrub pine area. Ironically, there were no cypress trees in the Oviedo area. They were all pine trees, but none of any size, ‘cause a lot of the land had been cleared for the lumber piles around, and so forth. And the only people that lived beyond that, if you go west, then you get to the end of paved road, there’s a dirt road that goes west and then it trails north. And about five miles north of the St. Johns, there was a place called Days[?]Camp, and that was a man and a woman that lived there—gosh, I don’t know how long they’d been there. But they were there even before the mill came there, and then he died and she married the caretaker. They must have been there—well, they were there through, you know, ’44, ’45. I don’t know what ever happened to them. And then later on, a Southern belle out of Orlando had a little camp on the St. Johns, just beyond where the sawmill was. But for the most part, that area, north until you get to Lemon Bluff, which was near a road going from Orlando—Celery Avenue—and going to Osteen, that part of the river literally was never, never developed, partly because it was low. As you probably know, very little of the St. Johns, from—well, from Palatka to anywhere—almost all of it was low land. Even Sanford would flood when Osceola wouldn’t. They built a sawmill there ‘cause it was one of the few places where they had fairly high land. Motta I understand in the area where the current Seminole County landfill is, there was an airfield around World War II? Haldeman That’s right, ‘cause that was actually some of the company’s property. It really was more than a thousand acres, maybe 1,200 acres. And that was a satellite deal to the naval air station in Jacksonville, because—I mean, in Sanford. See, every field that had a naval setup, those planes were almost all carrier-type planes, you know, for landing in an aircraft carrier. So it took a lot of trading[?] of land[?] and taking off on short distance. They’d mark off the field as if it were an aircraft carrier. And so, so you had, there was one satellite field over at New Smyrna, which was part of the one at Daytona. So almost every one had at least one satellite field. And, in fact, the one in Fort Lauderdale—the big airport we have here was a naval air station, and it had three satellite fields, and they had the bomber planes that were on the aircraft carriers which trained in this area and up there. So, at any rate, that sat there for years, and people would fly in, and they finally had to put sand dunes on it because the drug people were flying in, ‘cause, you know, you could cut in discreetly, come in there without anybody knowing. Motta Yeah. Haldeman Now, we had some real trouble with Seminole County, and they were gonna put a full, just plain old dump out there. And I guess they thought we wouldn’t know anything about it. And I was involved with that, because by that time I was the manager. And so we had to, our lawyer had to fight with City Hall—not City Hall—but their County Hall. And at any rate, we won out on it, so they put a full-fledged, you know, bona fide dump that has all the environmental stuff and so forth. We keep [inaudible] on it because then—in order to take the garbage trucks out there—because that’s where most of the garbage for Sanford goes. They redid the road to a 16-foot road, so we [inaudible] the road. Motta And when was that? Haldeman That would have been about 1970. Motta Okay. Haldeman And, ‘cause, by that time, the company down here had been sold to a division of [inaudible] Corporation, and they didn’t want the non-operational assets, and so the land up there was something they had no desire to own. So that was spun off as a separate thing, and for years it was on the market. But 18 miles east of Sanford was no-man’s land, you know, at the time. Nobody in particular wanted it. The only value in it was the part that was high land on the St. Johns. And so anyway, at any rate, we finally sold it in 1982, and they broke it up into five-acre plots. The reason for that is to make a lot no smaller than five acres, you can put a septic tank on it. Otherwise, you gotta build a plant. So at any rate, they sold several of the lots right on the St. Johns, and there’s a couple houses down there now—two or three. You can’t see them now, because the trees have grown up so much. And then, I thought they would build some of the land where the lumber even sat, ‘cause that was all cleared and drained pretty well, but they never did, to my knowledge. But they built some right along the, it’d be just east of the [inaudible] right-of-way, ‘cause the railroad’s not there, but the right-of-way’s there. And you can see some along in there, ‘cause the trees have grown up and you can’t[?] see it. But I guess they built them there, because if you look east, and look over 400 acres of prairie toward Lake Harney, and if you went very far east you’d be down in lower land, and I don’t think they would have let you build there because it’s subject to flooding. Motta The flood plain. Haldeman So it never was developed as much as I think they thought, but I think the guy that bought it did okay, because he got a pretty good price for the stuff on the water and probably got most of his money back on that, and then hoped that the rest would sell at some point. But since that time, there’s been some houses and things between Osceola and Geneva that you can see along the highway there. Motta I meant to ask you about Geneva, actually. You said at that time Osceola was about five miles away from the central part of Geneva? Haldeman Well, in fact, I think it almost connected five miles to what they call [inaudible] corner. It used to be—and then you’d turn south to go to the end of—until you went about a mile and a half. But those were all Chase & Company orange groves around that whole corner. Later on they built a shortcut that went straight from the Geneva Bridge straight into Geneva. In fact, actually south of Geneva, which is now [State Road] 46. Before 46 used to come toward Osceola and then turn south to get into Geneva. So it was actually about seven and a half miles into where the school was in Geneva. Geneva never was very large. It was strictly a citrus county. It had a lot of orange groves, and they had one packinghouse, and they had, at one time, a little mill to make the orange crates. Almost every packinghouse had some kind of a mill to make the orange crates, ‘cause the orange crates were all wood at that time, but the ones used in the—to bring in the fruit, and also the ones for shipping. And of course, the orange crates used for bringing in fruit were more permanent, and naturally the others were strictly temporary. But it was, as you may well know, even today it’s a very scattered area. Motta Yes. Haldeman But if you drive through, you’ll think there’s 50 people living there. But if you go back off the road, there’s quite a bit of houses, you know, here and there. But it never has grown like they—I would have thought it would have grown a lot more, because it has, you know, quite a bit going. It’s good high ground. It’s 75 feet higher than Osceola was. And it’s nice. That’s the reason the orange trees were there, ‘cause it was nice sandy soil, whereas Osceola was more of a wet soil. Motta You mentioned earlier that between 1932 and ’36, the production at the sawmill stopped? Haldeman Yeah, it was shut down completely. Yeah. Motta What happened to the residents? Did they, did people move away? Haldeman Well, and some probably went back to Georgia. The population there was at least 80 percent black, and so some went to Sanford now[?]. They were beginning to—the celery industry was [inaudible] to get them to move down to Okeechobee, so maybe some of them went down there. You know, it’s amazing, they never really seemed to survive. They just survived very well. Motta Yeah. Haldeman But there were, you know, we didn’t have Social Security. We didn’t have this, that, and the other then, but people seemed to make out one way or the other. A lot of them went back to their folks or their relatives and so forth. You know, you had a lot more people doing things for each other than you would have today. If we had the same kind of depression that we had in the ‘30s, [laughs] I’m not sure that the country would hold together. Probably blow up ‘cause people just aren’t used to taking care of themselves one way or the other. I don’t mean it’s quite that bad, but you know what I mean. Motta Yeah. It would be interesting to see. Haldeman Although it’s interesting what people will do if push comes to shove. Motta Yeah. I’d like to switch to a little more personal topic, if I could. Do you have a, like a favorite memory that you can share with us, of the town or your time there? Something that most people that didn’t live in the town wouldn’t know of, or… Haldeman Well, I think the informality of it. I guess the fact the first four years of school, it was only half a block to the school, so [laughs] you didn’t have very far to walk, you know, to go to school. And then the teacher, you know—as I mentioned one time, I think—when I talked to you, from 1930 to ’32, it was a four—no, I guess it was not until ’34—at any rate, it was a two-room school with two teachers and four grades. And then, as the Depression set in, the school board cut it back to one room, but six grades instead of four. So one teacher taught six grades. So that was an interesting period because you were going to school—I guess people would think that’s a real handicap today, but in the first place, you had top-flight teachers in those days. I mean, you know, really dedicated teachers. Secondly, with only thirteen students, and then they kind of taught each other the [inaudible]. So it’s amazing the education was that good, considering. And then of course the discipline was tight, so I guess what I’m trying to say is—even with that kind of limitation, the education was probably better than it is today, because now, not only is the school class so big, in general the teachers aren’t quite as competent. At least, a lot of people claim they’re not. I don’t mean there’s not hundreds of exceptions. And then they had discipline in those days that they don’t have today. So [laughs], a little off-story on this thing, when I was on a cruise recently on the Columbia River. There was a couple from Georgia. He’d been a schoolteacher and a principal and later in school administration, and then in his later years, he worked for the prison department. And the first day he was shown around the prison, the warden said to him, “Don’t you feel a little uneasy here, in this prison?” He said, “Oh, no. This is a lot better than being in a high school with a change[?] of classes[?].” [laughs] Motta [laughs] Uh-oh. Haldeman Yeah, so it kind of reminded me of the differences in the time, you know. Motta Yeah. Haldeman But anyway, I think of the school system, and then of course, education in Geneva. That was a three-room school, so I went there for the seventh and eighth grade. And actually Geneva was much worse off in the Depression than Osceola, at least those of us that were still in Osceola, and by the time I went there, the sawmill had cranked back up. But Geneva was pretty well-hit right on through. And to make matters worse, of course, as you know, later on, you didn’t need a packinghouse every ten miles away. They consolidated that as trucks came in and so forth, so Geneva was hit quite hard during that period, ‘cause I can remember that not too many kids had shoes, you know. Motta Oh yeah? Haldeman I’ve got a picture of the school there, and I was just looking at it the other day. I was amazed how many ones there were barefoot, you know. Motta Yeah. Haldeman So, whereas at least, in Osceola, they had some kind of income. Also, they stopped collecting rent. Of course, electricity, water was free, so even though the salaries and so forth were cut, you didn’t have a lot of extra other expenses that you might have had somewhere else. Motta Did you enjoy growing up in that area? Like the geography of the area, more than the town itself, I mean? Like, do you have any memories of going down to the river or Lake Harney? Haldeman Oh, yeah, because, and not only, you know, having my own chickens and own things of that nature, because I made little money. I never, you know, got rich on the thing, because—even though I didn’t have too much overhead. And, but I—I built a small boat first, then got one larger. The black person that I mentioned that was kind of a mentor to me, he and I built a really nice boat, and I had a big Johnson motor on it and so forth. I tell you we built it. He was 99 percent and I was one percent, and one of the houses was [inaudible], and we worked at night. He kind of took me as a son, so to speak, because he didn’t have any children, and I mentioned his wife went back to Enterprise during the week, so he didn’t have anything to do at night. So, but I used to follow him around, and I learned a lot from him, not only practical things, but plain old wisdom type of things. But then, later on, you know, I’d think nothing of going down there, getting in the boat, going up to Lemon Bluff or wherever—even Geneva Bridge—without thinking anything about it. If I’d ever broken down, I’d probably still be there, you know, ‘cause [laughs] there were no phones, there were no CB [citizens band] radios, there was no sheriff patrol, you know. There was nothing, you know. In fact, most of the time, nobody even knew I left, you know. They wouldn’t even know where I was. So… Motta That sounds a lot different from today. Haldeman That’s right. That’s right. Far different, yeah. Motta Yeah. Well, we… Haldeman Growing up in any country area has a lot of advantages, and a lot of disadvantages, but a lot of advantages. Motta We have a little bit of time left. Do you have anything you could share that you think I missed that you think is interesting? Haldeman Well, I may have mentioned this either to you or Kim [Nelson], but the, some of the economics is interesting. The houses were—I guess you’d call it executive[?] row—a little unfair to use that term, but that’s about what it amounted to—were $23 a month, and then if you went down to where then you had the schoolhouse and the post office. The post office had the doctor’s office and a little library—at the post office. And that postmistress, of course—that was—I don’t think it was a contract job. I don’t know how it was in those days, but she sold candy and newspapers and other things, because there was only, at the most, 200 people in the town, and half of those didn’t get any mail, so you can see [laughs] it wasn’t that big a post office. Then you had the boardinghouse and then the company store, and then the office, or between the boardinghouse and the company store, one of the pictures I showed you there, it’s called Pine Street. And that was an extension of the white quarters, and on the left side the houses rented for $15 a month. On the right side they were a little smaller and they were $10 dollars a month. And then the ones down at the end crosswise were $6 dollars a month. Now, even those were—had a little two-bedroom houses. I mean, I don’t know, but maybe eight hundred, nine hundred feet, so they weren’t baby. And then the black quarters was west of that, and they varied all over the place, and usually they could be—they weren’t, you know, anything to write home about, but I can say a lot of times people added onto it or fixed it up or this, that, and the other with it. So I was never down there too much. I could go down there as a kid. In fact, that was the only place you could get a Coca-Cola at night—was to go down there, ‘cause they had their own little juke joint down there, you know. And there’s no place wilder than a black section on Saturday night [laughs]. Motta Did you play a lot with the black children? Was that—did you guys mingle? Haldeman No, no. That was—I guess it was strictly because of the location. I don’t think it had too much to do with race. Young kids, no matter how far back you go, never pay much attention to race. Only older people pay attention to race. Motta Yeah. Haldeman But I think this had to do with location. But as far as the workers, you know—in fact, the company had some kind of agreement with the sheriff’s department, because they didn’t have any kind of police force at all, but I guess they did have something [inaudible] whatever kind of sheriff department he had. I’m sure it wasn’t that big a deal in Seminole County back then. But they had some kind of agreement with the sheriff at the jail in Sanford. They always kept on the payroll about two people that were on probation and everything had been in jail or whatever. And I remember one that used to—when I didn’t mow the yard—he sometimes would help mowing the yard. And he killed his wife or something or other. They were all, you know, most of the black things[?] in those days had to do with domestic squabbles or something, you know. You know, [laughs] I didn’t think about the fact that he murdered somebody. In those days, you just didn’t give it a second thought. So those were some of the differences. So there was a little more camaraderie among the adult part than there was the kids’ part. Personally, you know, you rarely saw the kids, to be honest with you, because they pretty well did their own thing. They had their own school. The only thing they didn’t have is a high school, but of course, not every white person went to high school in those days either, for that matter. So. They had the opportunity. I think they—if they went to high school, they stayed with somebody in Sanford or something. I don’t remember. And I really don’t remember that we had hardly any people of that age that I can remember. They were always younger than that. I don’t know what happened to them when they grew up. They probably went to work somewhere else, I guess. Motta Well, Mr. Haldeman. Thank you very much for talking with me today. Haldeman Okay, and if there’s anything that we missed or there’s, you know, something to expand on or some other part of an outline that got missed, you know, call me anytime. Now, if I don’t answer when you call from the museum, it shows up here as unavailable. Sometimes we don’t catch that right off. If we ever answered unavailable, call… African Americans Cameron Cameron Boulevard Celery Avenue chickens cypress cypresses First Presbyterian Church of Maitland Gainesville Gatlin Grocery Store Geneva Geneva Avenue Geneva Bridge Great Depression Haldeman, Harold hardwood hens Lake Harney Lemon Bluff logging lumber lumber industry Maitland Maytown Motta, Daniel Osceola pine mill Pine Street planing mill pond cypress Port Everglades Sanford Sanford Avenue sawmill segregation Seminole County softwood SR 436 St. Johns River timber U.S. 17-92 UF University of Florida World War II WWII yellow pine https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/be2a921939a6fc10f5709a6c62cf1322.mp3 0a44b29d11ce0eaf6d1a55db0bf28268 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/edb34fabc03ff5a313f705e7a4da9d03.pdf acef6c4a8c12c1e61939a776ad0a7ad4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Seminole County Collection Alternative Title Seminole County Collection Subject Seminole County (Fla.) Altamonte Springs (Fla.) Casselberry (Fla.) Goldenrod (Fla.) Heathrow (Fla.) Lake Mary (Fla.) Longwood (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Winter Springs (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Seminole County, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Mosquito County, a massive county south of St. Johns County that consisted of much of Central Florida was established in 1824. In 1845, Mosquito County was renamed Orange County when Florida earned statehood. This new county included present-day Osceola County, Seminole County, Lake County, and Volusia County. Orange County was named so for the area's major fruit crop: oranges. The area was devastated by a freeze during the winter of 1895-1896, which allowed for subsequent land speculators to initiate a land boom in Florida, with Orlando becoming a "boom town." Seminole County separated from Orange on April 25, 1913, and was named for the Seminole tribes that originally inhabited the area. In the early-1900s, Seminole County was known for its agricultural development and close proximity to shipping lanes. By the 1920s, citizens in Seminole County, particularly in Sanford, soon shifted their interests in making the area a tourist destination. Language eng Type Collection Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Contributor <a href="http://www.cfmemory.org/" target="_blank">Central Florida Memory</a> Cepero, Laura Lynn Cepero, Nancy Lynn <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/118" target="_blank">Altamonte Springs Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/117" target="_blank">Casselberry Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/54" target="_blank">Geneva Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/55" target="_blank">Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society Collection</a>, Geneva Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/56" target="_blank">Goldenrod Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/57" target="_blank">Goldenrod Historical Society & Museum Collection</a>, Goldenrod Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/129" target="_blank">Heathrow Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/119" target="_blank">Lake Mary Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/43" target="_blank">Longwood Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/82" target="_blank">Celery Soup: Florida's Folk Life Play Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/65" target="_blank">Churches of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/131" target="_blank">Creative Sanford, Inc. Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/41" target="_blank">Georgetown Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/78" target="_blank">Marie J. Francis Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/101" target="_blank">Sanford Avenue Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/79" target="_blank">Goldsboro Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/116" target="_blank">Henry L. DeForest Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/12" target="_blank">Hotel Forrest Lake Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/14" target="_blank">Ice Houses of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/42" target="_blank">Milane Theatre Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/13" target="_blank">Naval Air Station Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/15" target="_blank">Sanford Baseball Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/61" target="_blank">Sanford Cigar Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/10" target="_blank">Sanford Riverfront Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/11" target="_blank">Sanford State Farmers' Market Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/30" target="_blank">Seminole County Centennial Celebration Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/31" target="_blank">Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/32" target="_blank">General Photographic Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/73" target="_blank">Seminole County Public Schools Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/125" target="_blank">Winter Springs Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Coverage Seminole County, Florida Altamonte Springs, Florida Casselberry, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Heathrow, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Longwood , Florida Oviedo, Florida Sanford, Florida Winter Springs, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.cfmemory.org/" target="_blank">Central Florida Memory</a> Curator Cepero, Laura External Reference Bentley, Altermese Smith. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/45705201" target="_blank">Seminole County</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2000. "<a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/index.aspx" target="_blank">Seminole County Government </a>." Seminole County Government. http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/index.aspx. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52607030" target="_blank">Early Days of Seminole County, Florida: Where Central Florida History Began</a>. [Sanford, Fla.]: Seminole County Historical Commission, 2002. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Motta, Daniel Interviewee Martin, Bobby Location <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Bit Rate/Frequency 1441kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Bobby Martin Alternative Title Oral History, Martin Subject Longwood (Fla.) Fishing--Florida Sanford (Fla.) Lake Jesup (Fla.) Lake Monroe (Seminole County and Volusia County, Fla.) Description An oral history of Bobby Martin (b. 1944), conducted by Daniel Motta on June 13, 2012. Martin was born in Tampa, Florida, in 1944, but spent much of his life as a commercial fisherman on Lake Jesup and Lake Monroe. In the interview, Martin discusses growing up in Longwood, serving in the military during the Vietnam War, the commercial fishing industry, the relationship between fishermen, fishing methods, catfish farming and the decline of the wild commercial fishing industry, leaving the fishing industry, and the dangers of fishing. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:48 Growing up in Longwood 0:02:23 Serving in the Vietnam War 0:03:15 Commercial fishing industry 0:08:05 Relationship between fishermen 0:11:48 Typical day fishing 0:15:19 Fishing methods 0:32:51 Catfish farming and the decline of the wild commercial fishing industry 0:34:26 Fishing territory 0:35:30 Leaving the fishing industry and pollution 0:40:31 Dangers of fishing 0:46:46 RECORDING CUTS OFF 0:46:46 Fishing injuries 0:53:11 Stingrays and eels in Lake Jesup and Lake Monroe 0:56:41 Favorite aspect of fishing 0:58:51 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Bobby Martin. Interview conducted by Daniel Motta at the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Type Sound Source Original 59-minute and 36-second oral history: Martin, Bobby. Interviewed by Daniel Motta. June 13, 2012. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Creator Motta, Daniel Martin, Bobby Date Created 2012-06-13 Date Modified 2012-06-22 Date Copyrighted 2012-06-13 Format audio/wav application/pdf Extent 601 MB 195 KB Medium 59-minute and 36-second audio recording 28-page typed digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civcs/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel Motta and Bobby Martin. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference Belleville, Bill. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41503194" target="_blank">River of Lakes: A Journey on Florida's St. Johns River</a>. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2000. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. "<a href="http://www.monroeharbour.com/" target="_blank">Monroe Harbour Marina</a>." Monroe Harbour Marina. http://www.monroeharbour.com/. Transcript Motta This is Daniel Motta. It is June 13, 2012. I am at the Museum of Seminole County History, interviewing Bobby Martin. If we could just start—could you just tell me where you were born? Martin Yes, sir. I was born in Tampa, Florida, Hillsborough County. Motta And what year was that? Martin 1944. Motta So what brought you over to Central Florida? Martin My dad’s employment, basically. Motta And, what was he in? Martin Well, at that time, I believe he was working for the Imperial Oil Company. I believe he was. And I was about three, four years old when we moved up here from Tampa. Motta And you said, a little earlier, that you fished with him. Did he have experience fishing in the fishing industry as well? Martin Yeah, absolutely. Well, to get to that, we’ll have to fast forward to 1960 or ’61. Motta Oh, okay. Well, we’ll take it a little slower then. When you got here—could you describe your house. Your… Martin Absolutely. Motta Your—just your house, neighborhood. How it was then? Martin Sure. We moved up here—I’ll tell you this. My dad bought a house in Tampa when I was a baby. My mother told me this. They borrowed money from my grandmother. For $600, they bought a house. They paid the house off. And from that day forward, my dad never had a house mortgage. He was able to—to wheel and deal, and he never had a mortgage. But the story is that we moved up here, and our first house was down by the Dog Track Road in Longwood, at the intersection of [Florida State Road] 17-92. It had a hand pump, for water, and it’s what they call a “shotgun house.” That means you can look in the front door and look right out the back door. That’s how they were built then—bedrooms on one side. And then, from there, we moved on up into Longwood, rented a house. And in 1948--about 1950, I guess—my dad built a house physically himself. Built us a house and raised four kids in that house for 21 years. And then after that—wasn’t long after that time period—I went to Vietnam, and while I was gone, Mom and Dad moved to another house, and then to another house. And, make a long story short, my dad has passed now, and my mother lives in assisted living here in Sanford at Renaissance Retirement [Center]. Motta So you, did you go to Vietnam right after high school, or... Martin No, I was—no. I was—went to Vietnam in ’67, and ’68. Motta Were you drafted, then? Martin I was drafted. Yeah. And I obtained the rank of sergeant, did the best I could, and came home. And in the military I was a wheeled-vehicle mechanic. And, other than that, I was involved in the commercial fishing industry before I went to Vietnam, but not very much before. About—we went into the commercial fishing in about 1961. And I can tell you how that happened, if you want to hear it. Motta Well, you said you were a mechanic in the.. Martin Military. Motta Was that—have you always had an interest in that? Is that why you... Martin Yeah. Mm-hm. Motta All right. And, would you like to continue? Were you about to... Martin Yeah, I was gonna tell you—did you want me to tell you how we started in the fishing industry, or did you want to go somewhere else? Motta Well, what was the impact of the fishing industry like when you were younger, before you got into—before you went to Vietnam? Martin Yeah. Okay. Exactly. Well, the way it happened was, I had never heard of a commercial fisherman on the river prior to 1961 or thereabouts. My dad had a gas station at the corner of Airport Boulevard, which at that time was Anora Road and 17-92. The building still stands today. We were in the gas station one day, and two men pulled in in an old car, and they looked bad. And the old car was a 1937 four-door DeSoto sedan—had no backseat. It was a huge. It was as big as a barn. It was a huge car. And they came in for gas, and my daddy walked out to that car and looked in the back of that car, and there were two garbage cans in the back, and they were full of catfish. Well, Clarence Coir and Cecil Dile were in that car, and they got to talking about those catfish. Well, our family’s always loved to fish, but we never did commercial fishing. And, when my dad found out that you could actually earn a living catching fish, it wasn’t very long before the gas station was history, and we obtained ourselves a little boat, and we began to commercial fish. Motta So he sold the gas station to get a boat? Martin That’s right. Right. Motta All right. Well, so, that was when you were in your teens, or earlier than that? Martin Early twenties. That was about 1961, ’62, I guess. Right along in there. Motta So, when you came back from Vietnam, did you get back into that industry, or were you, like, looking for other jobs before then? Martin Well, as a matter of fact, before I went to Vietnam—before I was drafted—I was involved in commercial fishing with my dad. He had his boat, and I had my boat. Now, these weren’t big boats like you see in the ocean. These were just river skiffs, basically, is what we fished out of. Motta Do you remember about how long they were? Martin Yep. They were around 14 to 16 feet, and some of them were flat-bottomed, and some of them were what they call a “skip jack.” A skip jack is just a small boat, usually with a big engine on it, and it has a very sharp bow, so that when you carry a load in it, it’ll break the waves on the rough lake, and it’s stable. The flat-bottomed boats were better for calm water. So we got our two boats, we went to commercial fishing. The kind of commercial fishing we did from 19—approximately ’61, ‘til the time I went in the service—we used a trot line. Do you know what a trot line is? Motta No. Martin Trot line is a very, very, very long piece of string, with a lot of hooks on it. You see that in the Deadliest... Motta Oh, Deadliest… Martin [The] Perfect Storm! Motta Oh, okay. Martin [The] Perfect Storm, they’re catching big fish. But it’s the same theory. It’s a long line about… Motta And you just drag it along the… Martin No, they’re put out. Motta Oh. Martin They’re a quarter-mile long. And you go down the line on your little boat, and you knock the fish in the boat, bait the hook back, and go to the next hook, and so on, ‘til you progress down the line. Motta This was in Lake Monroe or Lake Jesup? Martin At that time, that was Lake Jesup, only. Motta Okay. Martin There were other fishermen doing the same thing, but my dad and I, at that time, fished out of Lake Jesup. We put our boats in Tuskawilla Road—used to run right down to the lake. It was a dirt road. And there was a bunch of wino commercial fishermen that lived there in the woods. Now, in that camp where they lived, they had a wooden nail keg—a wooden barrel—buried in the ground, and the groundwater seeped in through the cracks. And they would drink that water, and I saw maggots in that water. And they would live in this old camp. Well, at that time, we left our boats right there at the boat, along the bank, ‘cause people didn’t steal your stuff then. We’d just drive down there, get in our boats, and go fishing, and come back, and beach the boat, and go sell our fish down at the fish house. Right across the road from Lowe’s, yeah, there was an establishment called Waits’—I don’t know how you spell “Waits”—their last name was Waits—Fish House. And they were a commercial fish outlet—inlet, whatever, distributor. And we would sell our fish at that fish house. Motta And where was this? What Lowe’s? What location? Martin Across the road from Lowe’s in Sanford. Motta Okay. So… Martin Right where the Walmart is. Motta Okay. So pretty much all the commercial fishing was done in the lake. It wasn’t on the rivers usually? Martin Well, see, at that time, we were fishing in the lake. There was commercial fishing in both lakes and the river, and all up in North Florida. It was all statewide. But I’m just referring to what my dad and I did. Motta Okay. So how many fishermen usually were in the—well, commercial fishermen—in Lake Jesup? Martin Okay. Well Lake Jesup—I’ll say at any given time—people were running trot line. There might have been a dozen, I guess. But, see, when you’re running trot lines that are a quarter of a mile long, you run three or four of them. It takes up quite a large area. Motta It seems like there might be a risk of them getting tangled. Was that ever a possibility? Martin Yeah. What would happen when one trot line—when one man would put his trot line unbeknownst to the other, across his, there was a common courtesy that when you ran your trot line, it would pick his up, and you would tie them together. And then when he saw that his line was on top of yours—so he would take his up, you see. Common courtesy. Motta So there was like an unspoken code, pretty much? Martin Yeah. Motta All right. Martin And sometimes it ended up in not so pleasant situations, but most of the time it worked pretty well. Motta Well, were there any… Martin Physical altercations? Motta Or just any feuds or anything between… Martin Yeah. There were always territorial wars on the lake. “I’m fishing this end of the lake.” “Well, you don’t own this lake. You don’t have a deed to it.” Back and forth, and so on, you know. “You go fish in that section,” and “I was here first,” and that kind of childish bickering went on constantly. Motta Did it ever escalate above just shouting or... Martin Mm-hm. Yeah. In some cases, it got physical. There were some boats sunk at different times. Hostility. But that was a rare occasion. Motta You say boats sunk? How exactly did that… Martin Well, there are stories. And, you know, I have to confess. I’m gonna relay a story or two to you that were stories that were relayed to me, and I don’t know how much foundation there was to them. Motta Okay. Martin But I would—from that industry, I would say they’re probably pretty well true. One of the stories is that one gentleman had his trot lines out—now, these lines, you leave them—at that time, you would leave them in the water, and you would take the fish off and re-bait the hook, and go on down the line. So the lines stayed in the water, at that time. And this gentleman had his line out, and when he went out to his line, there were some people—sports fishermen—fishing out there, and they had his trot line on up out of the water. Well, now, this gentleman had a skip jack with a great big stack of motor on the back of it, and he was probably running 100 horse[power] or better. Boat probably run 70 miles an hour. So he pulled up to them. He said, “What you all doing?” And they said, “We’re taking some catfish off this trot line.” He said, “Well, isn’t that something?” Then he fired that motor up, and he made a big circle out there on the lake ‘til he got her up running good and fast, and he cut that boat in half, and he put both of them in the water. So, that kind of stuff would go on, you know, occasionally. But I gotta tell you, my friend, that’s a rare occasion. That didn’t happen every day. Motta Did all the commercial fishermen kind of stick together if there was some kind of… Martin Confrontation? Motta Water sports? Martin Sports fishermen. Motta Is that what you refer to them? Martin Yeah. You had commercial fishermen, then you had your sports fishermen. That was always a conflict there. Motta And you pretty much stuck together if there was any kind of… Martin Yeah, but we didn’t gang up on people. Motta All right. Martin We weren’t that type. Motta You weren’t looking to… Martin It was—looking at it from the sportsmen’s objective[sic] is that they were right in their complaint that we had these lines all over the lake, and they’re out there drifting for speckled perch. Some people call them “crappie.” They’re drifting, deep, then their line’d get hung on it, and they’re [inaudible]. They’d wind it all in. Well, it’s a trot line. And they’d get their motors caught in them, so it was probably a nuisance. At the same time, we’d go out to our trot lines and find them cut in two, and they’re all tangled up, and the fish all make big balls out of the trot lines. So there was always some kind of a war going on out there, but it was usually verbal. Motta So how long did you have the lines out at a time? Like, when you went out on the lake? How long was that? Martin What we would do—we’d go out about daylight. Motta Okay. Martin We’d walk along the shoreline with a little net and we’d catch shrimp. There were brine shrimp that lived in the river, if you didn’t know that. They look like any other shrimp, but they’re just smaller. And we would bait our trot lines with them. So, we would put our lines out, bait them up, and we would actually— we’d get probably—maybe a couple weeks before we had to pull them back up and then re-hook them, you see. Put new hooks on the lines, ‘cause the hooks, after a while, they’ll deteriorate, rust, begin to break, get dull. So you had to put new hooks on your trot lines. So you would bring it in, put it in a big tub, bring it in, cut the old hooks off, put new hooks on, put it on a special rack that I’ll tell you about later, and we’d go put the line back out in the water. Now, later on, this type of fishing—when I got back from Vietnam, I met a family that had come up here from Clewiston, and they were deep into commercial fishing all their lives. And they knew a technique that I did not know, and they would put the lines out at dusk, and pick the line up in the morning, and just knock the fish off of it. They would call it “boating the line.” They’d put the line in a tub, and they’d take the line home, and put it on this rack I’m telling you about, and repair any damage to it, jump it out at dusk, and the same process. They called that “jump lining.” Well, they taught me how to do that. This family kind of just took me in. They just liked me, I guess. And, so they taught me how to jump line. So from that point, my dad and I kind of separated in that he remained in Lake Jesup doing what we call “stay lining” or leaving them overboard, and I migrated up into the river and Lake Monroe, because now I started fishing at night. I started using different kind of equipment, different kind of light. My dad didn’t use lights. He’d fish in the daytime. I started using lights, and I started jumping the lines out in the evening, picking them up in the morning, and playing all day. I was single and running crazy. Motta So about how old were you when you and your dad split up the boat? Martin That would have been about 1970, I guess. Something like that. We didn’t part enemies. I just took on a different kind of fishing. And for 10 years—after I got back from Vietnam—for 10 years, I lived on various kinds of boats on the river. I actually lived on the river. And Archie Smith at Sanford Boat Works [& Marina]—finally I moved one of my boats into his marina. And after he talked to me for a while, he asked me if I would like to run his little store there on the weekends. And I said, “Sure!” Motta It’s like a bait shop, or... Martin Well, what it was—no bait—it was what is called a “ship store.” They’d sell screws and hardware and bilge pumps. Of course, they had their yachts in the marina. So, I went to work one weekend, and my next day off was a year later. I ended up working seven days a week! [laughs] But I still fished at night. Archie’s a great guy. This guy—you know Archie? Motta I’m trying to get an interview with him, actually. Martin You’ve got to. You’d better have some time, though, ‘cause he’s got a lot to tell you. He’s a wonderful man. And anyway, I lived in the marina and worked at the marina for five years, but I was still commercial fishing and still living on my boat. But I bought and sold, back and forth, different boats to live on, always making a profit. And I lived on boats for 10 years, on the river, and that was a cool thing to do. Motta Sounds kind of nice, actually. Martin Yeah. Motta So the lines, that was pretty much—the trot lines, that was the way to catch fish? You didn’t use—you only used the nets for the shrimp and... Martin Okay. That’s a good question. Now we’re gonna get in the part where we’re gonna talk about some poaching. Motta Okay. Martin With a trot line, basically, you can’t poach, ‘cause it’s all legal. But now, when I moved up into the river, and I fell in with some friends up here. We began to do what they call “monkey fishing.” And most people, they don’t know what monkey fishing is. It’s just—I don’t guess it’s a local name been given to it—but it’s using electric generator. And these generators generally come in the old field phone or an old crank telephone. It’s an armature with a series of bar magnets stacked over the armature, and when it spins, it generates an electrical current. Well, my daddy had one of those monkeys—we’d call it—in his old shop, when I was a little boy. You running out of time? And I saw that thing laying in the shop for years. I didn’t know what it was. Well then, when I fell in with these guys and I found out what a monkey was, I said, “I’ve got one of those.” And I went home and I got that monkey and I fastened it to a board, and I hooked an electric motor to it. And brother, we went fishing. Now when you turn that monkey on, if you turn it too fast, it doesn’t work. If you turn it too slow, it doesn’t work. There’s a certain rhythmic impulse for that machine, which is relatively slow, the catfish can’t stand. It doesn’t affect any scale fish. It doesn’t affect eels, gar, brim, stingrays—nothing but catfish. And so, we would go out at night with very powerful headlights. My light was a landing light off of an aircraft. It was about a half a million candlepower. And we would run that monkey, we’d put a wire over each side of the boat, and the fish would literally try to get out of the water. They’d come up to the top, and they’re running around, and we’ve got long poles with nets on them. When that started, we’d dip them up and put them in the boat. Motta So they’d be jumping out of the water? Martin Yeah, they’d jump up on the banks. Some of them would jump in the boat. It was crazy. We’d be laughing. It was funny. But it was illegal. I gotta tell you, it was illegal. But we made a lot of money doing that. And, so, I’ll say this—and I want this to go on the record—because that monkey machine, as we’d call it, will not work in any water at all times. There are several conditions that have to be favorable for its function. The water has to be low, basically a drought situation—wintertime low. Water has to be hot, disgusting, nasty. Usually it’s green with algae. But what happens in that process—and a lot of commercial fishermen don’t understand this the alkalinity in that water is magnified, because the water volume is reduced, thus condensing the amount of alkalinity in that water. Now the river’s a battery. It’s a conductor. You put the two wires over it, now you’ve got a current flowing, as well as radiating, and it drives the fish crazy. If it rains a lot and dilutes that water, or the water’s high—still diluted—you lose that connection, and it doesn’t work at all. So we knew that it would only work in the summertime. But that’s why. It has to do with the alkalinity and acidity in the water. Motta This sounds like a kind of complicated process. Is this something that most fishermen knew, or was it something like you guys just figured out after a while? Martin I think we all knew it, but I don’t think a lot of the commercial fishermen—and I was one. So I guess, I wasn’t of the same mind as most commercial fishermen, I gotta tell you. I’m not better than them, I just came from a different spoke of the wheel. I would investigate things. I take things apart now. I have an inquisitive mind. So I delved into why this thing worked. They don’t give a hoot. All they care is if it works or it don’t[sic] work. But anyway, that’s why I was able to share with you why it works, and why sometimes it doesn’t. Now, I don’t wanna get long-winded, but I could tell you something else phenomenal about commercial fishing. There is a time of year that you will catch more fish on a trot line with no bait than you will with bait. And they call it “fishing empty hooks.” And you ask a commercial fisherman, “Why is that?” “I don’t know! Just this time of year. They bite empty hooks.” Well, I did some investigating. When acidic water is acidic water, as opposed to pure water, it’s a good conductor. It’s also corrosive. When you drop a metallic object into corrosive water, on whatever scale, it will begin to deteriorate. It’s called “electrolysis action.” It rusts. It corrodes. When it does that, it puts out a minute electrical aura around that which is deteriorating. You understand that. Iron deteriorating in air, when it gets wet, is called “oxidation.” Metal deteriorating in water, going through the same process, I guess it’s oxidation. It’s a mixing of a metal with oxygen. But it occurs under the water, and it generates a small electrical charge. A catfish’s whiskers are so ultra-sensitive, he doesn’t even need eyes. And I’ve got a book on this—I’ve read this, so I’m not just spinning you a yarn. They are so ultra-sensitive, that in itself is why the monkey affects only catfish. And it won’t affect any other kind of fish. Now the state uses a generator to bring up scale fish to do a count. They’re using an AC [alternating current] voltage. Well, the monkey’s putting out a DC [direct current] voltage. And they use 110 volts—a different kind of electricity to affect the scale fish. But anyway, that’s why a certain time of the year, you can catch more fish on a trot line on empty hooks than you can with bait, because the fish goes for that electrical aura. That’s how catfish can find food. They can actually find food by that. Any living thing has a small—you have electricity in your body. Well, I don’t care how small the organism is, it has an aura, and the catfish can find their food with that. So when they swim by that hook, and they go, “Oh, this is lunch,” and they grab it. And there will be fish on almost every hook. But the water condition has to be right. When that water’s diluted, all of a sudden that doesn’t work. We’ve caught thousands of pounds of fish on pink Camay soap. And you could always tell when the fish were biting on the pink Camay soap, because you’d go into the store, and all the soap displays were all crumbled, because the commercial fisherman would pick up the bar of soap and shove his thumbnail in it. If he could push his thumbnail in it, the bar of soap was a nice, fresh bar, and you could cut it up. If you couldn’t push your thumbnail in it, he didn’t want that one. So they’d destroy all the pink Camay. And they would only bite on pink Camay. So we’ve caught catfish in a commercial way on pink Camay soap. Shrimp—local shrimp here in the river—there’s brine or grass shrimp, snails. The bottoms of these lakes and the river are just literally covered with millions of snails. There’s a certain way you get the snail out of his shell to put it on the hook. Watermelon produces large channel catfish. But not many of them, but the thing of it is, would you rather clean five great big fish, or two hundred little bitty fish? So we would use watermelon sometimes. Watermelon. Cantaloupe was a good producer of large channel cats. I think that somehow the large channel cats, believe it or not, they must favor something sweet. I have a friend right now that’s running trot line right now, today, he’s baiting with corn, canned corn, and he’s just cleaning house. Motta [laughs] I would never imagine that would… Martin Well, see. That’s another reason I’m glad we’re having this interview. And this stuff could—that’s why I asked you on the phone, “Could this be a long interview?” This could go on—I could tell you stuff like this for days. And you don’t have that kind of time, let alone that amount of stuff on that machine. So anyway. Therein lies that. And in Lake Monroe, we would do the trot line. Now if you want, I’ll get into other methods we caught fish. Motta Well, let me just ask you this quickly. The device—monkey? What’d you call it, the monkey? Martin A monkey. Motta Okay. You said that wasn’t really legal, technically. Martin Not legal at all! No way. Motta Was there, at that time—what kind of presence did the fish and wildlife have? Like, were they patrolling the rivers and the lakes a lot? Martin Yeah. Yeah. Motta Like, did you have to watch out for them? Martin Very much so. That’s a good question, Daniel. Matter of fact, what we would do, occasionally—sometimes we just went monkey fishing, but occasionally, we would go down to, we would drive down to Mullet Lake Park, or we’d go down to [Lake] Harney, or we’d park right here across the river at 17-92. We’d go to that park at night. Well, it’s closed. We’d drive around behind the park, and come up the back way, and come under the fence. And we’d go down to the boat ramp, make sure the game warden wasn’t in. Now, if his truck was sitting there, we knew he was in the area. So if his truck wasn’t there, now we drove down to Mullet Park and it wasn’t there, we had a full, pretty fair shot that he wasn’t in our area, and we’d go monkey fishing. So, but, the game warden… Motta So it was kind of a risk, a little bit, or... Martin I’m sorry? Motta Was it kind of a risk, or... Martin Absolutely. Every time we went monkey fishing, it was a risk. But the game warden and the average commercial fisherman didn’t have a real good rapport. I happened to have had a good rapport with the game warden. I respected him. He was a good man. A lot of guys didn’t. And he almost caught me doing some illegal things, but he never caught me. He never caught me, brother. [laughs] But anyway, the game wardens were always—it was like the old movies—cowboys and Indians. The cowboys chase the Indians, or the Indians chase the cowboys. And it was that kind of a thing, you know. But he’d catch—occasionally catch somebody and write them up, and then there was always a dispute. If he caught somebody doing something illegal in Lake Monroe, when they went to court, the commercial fisherman would say, “Well, where did you catch me?” And he’d say, “I caught you in Lake Monroe.” And he would say, “Well, where in Lake Monroe did you catch me?” Because the county line runs right through the middle of the lake. So, and a lot of times, it was thrown out of court. [laughs] Motta So what were these other methods of fishing you were... Martin Now there’s a—fish traps, at that time, when I was doing that, were illegal. Now, I didn’t get into the trapping much. Motta What kind of traps were they? Martin Good question. A trap was made, basically, with chicken wire. Now, picture in your mind a round tube made of chicken wire, approximately 18 inches to 2 feet in diameter, 3 feet high—maybe 4. Now pinch one end of that tube shut. So it’s seamed at the bottom, now it’s open at the top, in which there is an inverted funnel laid on its side on the bottom of the lake with food in it. Catfish would go in the funnel, and they’re too stupid to find their way out. They turn around, now they’re against—between the trap and the funnel, and they can’t get out. And they just continue to fill up, fill up with catfish. And when the person—you would tie that to a long line, like a trot line—when you would run your trap string, as they called it, you’d pull the trap up, you unzip the bottom of it, drop your fish out, close it back up, threw some more bait in there, you threw her back overboard. Motta And this was illegal, as well? Martin At that time, it was. It isn’t now. At that time, trapping was not legal. Motta Is there a reason why—do you know why that became illegal? It doesn’t seem very harmful. Martin Well, I don’t know the particulars as to why it would be illegal, unless it would be because of the amount of fish harvested. Other than that, I don’t know why. I just know it was illegal, and if they would catch you, they would confiscate your traps, stomp them all down, and then put you in jail. Motta Oh, really? Martin Yeah. Motta They’d jail you? Martin If they caught you with the stuff, yeah. But a lot of people were doing it. But I never did the trap. I don’t know why. I was always content to do the trot line. I was a trot liner. And then I got into monkey fishing. Now there’s another method of fishing that we—oh, this was fun, brother. Out off the coast of Florida, they do a lot of shrimping. Behind those boats, they pull what’s called a “shrimp trawl.” Do you know what that is? Motta No. Martin Have you seen a shrimp boat? Motta Yes. Martin It’s got the two things sticking up here. When they’re out in the ocean, they’re called “outriggers.” They’ll drop them down. And from those—back behind the boat are two long ropes tied to a very wide-mouth net, and it comes down to what they call a “sock.” This is wide at the beginning. It comes down to a long tube. They drag that along the ocean bottom, and that’s how they catch the shrimp that you put on your dinner table. We had a shrimp net—a trawl, as it was called. Well, we would pull the trawl on Lake Monroe, with 100 horse Mercury. Now, you couldn’t pull it very fast, ‘cause it was 35 feet wide and dragging the bottom. Had a cork line on top to hold the top up, and it had a lead line on the bottom to hold the bottom down. So it was bagged out, and you would drag that along the bottom of the lake, and you would catch your catfish that way. And that was easy pickings there. It’d take a long time, but see, you could get caught doing that, too. You had to always be on the lookout for the game warden out there in the lake. This was done at nighttime, with no lights. Motta And you said you did participate in that kind of… Martin I’m sorry? Motta You did use that kind of a method sometimes? Martin Yeah. Yep. Pulled a trawl in Lake Monroe, right down the channel, catch all kinds of catfish. But once again, that was illegal. Very illegal. Motta You keep saying “catfish.” Is that pretty much all—the catfish—that was pretty much the prize fish you… Martin Yeah. Now, catfish was a legal fish. Now, once you caught that catfish, and took it to market, nobody cared. I mean, it was just a fish on the market. So if you trapped it, if you monkeyed it up, if you dug it with a trawl, or however, once you took it to market, it was fair game. How you got the fish was a different story. Now, there were a lot of brim captured with trawl, traps, and sold on black market. The brim, you didn’t have to clean them. You ice them down, and they run them across the state line or wherever they went, and you could sell brim. Motta But they weren’t legal to sell or to catch? Martin Not at all. That’s right. No game fish. Commercial fishermen were not allowed to have a game fish in his boat. Motta So what were the fish that were—aside from catfish—I mean, did you even bother with any other fish, or where there’s like—was it like smaller… Martin Oh, no. We just focused on catfish. And if you really got desperate and wanted to make some money on black market, you would catch brim and speckle perch, which is crappie. And I didn’t get into that much. I stayed—basically, catfish. Motta Okay. Martin And, did a lot of things illegally to catch the catfish. It was a lot of fun, made a lot of money. But, you understand, commercial fishing industry, it’s either feast or famine. You’re making a lot of money in a very short period of time. But when you’re not doing it, and that money’s gone, you’ve got to do it again to produce that kind of money, or you just gotta get by the best way you can. So if your trot line’s only producing a small amount of money, basically whatever that figure might be, and the monkey—or the trawl, the traps—are producing a lot, and you’re not doing that fashion, that method anymore, now you’ve gotta revert back to your trot line, which takes hours and hours to run. A lot of effort, you see. Then you’re gonna gravitate towards the easy pickings. Now the trot lines, they were on average about a quarter of a mile long—about 1,300 feet long each. And we would run anywhere from two to four, five of those a day. Motta Okay. Were there any other methods of catching a fish that you haven’t gone over? Martin Yeah, one more. It’s called a “hoop net.” It’s a long net, much like the trawl in the—what I called the “sock” or the “tube area.” It has no large, wide mouth, like a trawl. It just has a round mouth with a funnel. This is all made out of string. It’s netting. Has multiple hoops in it. Looks like a big caterpillar laying on the bottom. Like a big sausage. And one end of it is tied off. Pinched shut. The other end is wide open with the funnel, and the catfish will go in that. Just like a large trap, only instead of being made of chicken wire, it’s—I don’t know—four, five feet wide and it has fiberglass round hoops that are attached as ribs every couple of feet. Motta And this was being pulled? Martin No. That’s just anchored in the river, like a trap, and the fish would just go in it. And you’d go out there and pick it up and drag the fish out of it. That’s illegal. I don’t know that hoop nets are illegal now. That might not be. You see, what has happened, Daniel, is the farm-raised catfish. You’re familiar with that? Motta Mm-hm. Martin Farm-raised catfishing industry has accelerated to the effect that it has shut down the wild commercial fishermen. Because people prefer restaurants, big dealers are buying up farm-raised catfish. However, I will say this: farm-raised catfish on the plate are distinctively different than those that came out of the wild. The flesh is relatively flabby and tasteless. And the reason for that, Daniel, is that the farm-raised catfish lays on the bottom of that pond where he’s raised, and he is fed. He doesn’t have to move. He just eats, goes back, and lays on the bottom. The wild catfish has to work for his food, and his muscle tone is good, the flesh is firm, and he has a better taste when you want to eat some catfish. Motta So catfish quality has pretty much declined over the years, as a result of restaurants preferring raised fish? Martin Yeah. If you buy catfish filet at a restaurant, you’ll find it’s—it’s edible. It’s good. It is. I’m not mocking them. I’m just telling you that a wild catfish is better on the plate than a farm-raised catfish. It really is. So if you go to a restaurant that has wild catfish—which I think Black Hammock Fish Camp on the bottom end of Jesup there has—they’re a lot better, and that’s the reason why. It’s not that I’m down on the farm-raised fish. It’s just a matter of fact. Motta Well. You mentioned going to Lake Harney, right? What was like, the—like your territory? Like how far did you go out on the lakes and the rivers? Martin My territory was basically Lake Jesup and the [St. Johns] River connecting Lake Jesup and Lake Monroe, and Lake Monroe. That was my territory that I fished. Well, other people did too, but just personally, that’s just the area that I fished. A local area. No commercial fisherman fishes the entire length of 128 miles of St. John River, so we all—you live in this town, you fish this section, and that guy lives in that town, he fishes that section, ‘cause it’s not practical to do that. But I just fished Lake Jesup and the river between Jesup and Monroe, and mostly Lake Monroe. Motta So never outside of Lake Monroe, like north on the river? No? Martin No. ‘Bout the I[nterstate Highway]-4 bridge, from there north up. I been up there, but not in a commercial fashion. Motta Okay. And, I’m curious, so what were the year—when did you stop commercial fishing? What year? Martin It’s a gray area, Daniel, because an industry like that—to where you see all the beautiful sunsets and the sunrises, and you’re out there in nature at night, it’s so inviting to the typical guy. You get out of it, and you’re back in it. And you’re back out of it, and you’re back in it. You meander. Nobody just quits commercial fishing one day, ‘cause it gets in your blood, so to speak. It becomes in your fiber. But I’ll say that I finally relinquished all commercial fishing, on a commercial basis, probably about 1971, something like that. Motta Oh, okay. So did you notice any—it might have been a little early in ’71, but did you notice any effective—like pollution, with more people moving to Central Florida? Was there any, like, effect on the water and the fish? Martin Yeah. Now, the answer to that, basically, is no, as far as the fish are concerned. But I, of course, through the years, been on a river as many years as I have, there’s a lot more pollution—people camping on the riverbank and leaving old grills and beer cans and bottles up in the woods. It’s disgusting, the way people actually treat the river. Now, although I was a commercial fisherman, don’t exclude me to the fact that where you think I don’t have good sense, because I like to think that I do, and I’m an advocate for the river. And it offends me greatly when the river’s abused. I see the erosion of the boat wake. Now, nobody can help that. Boat wakes will erode the bank and the trees fall. That—okay. That’s okay. But the debris that people leave behind when they go out. They have a good time on the river, and they leave their trash on the riverbank. I’ve got a real, real problem with that. There’s just no call for that. But anyway, to answer your question, as far as the fish are concerned, haven’t seen anything negative reflect from the fish at all. Motta Did you know any other fisher—like, I don’t know how—how far out you got, but did you know any fishermen from Lake—I read Lake Apopka, for instance, there was a pretty—it was pretty—with the pesticides used from the surrounding farmlands, it got pretty bad for a while there. Was there not really much of that around here? Martin No, not here. It was bad in Lake Apopka. It really was. No, haven’t seen that here. Personally, I can’t say that I have. Motta Okay. Martin The water quality comes and goes with the seasons. In the summertime, before the rainy season, water’s low. Not all that inviting sometimes. It gets a lot of algae. And algae’s a natural process. But now I’ll tell you this: away from the commercial fishing, and just looking at the river itself, most of the time that I was commercial fishing, the hyacinths were a nuisance. Because the hyacinths would move, and the hyacinth produces a new plant, I think, every 72 hours. So they’re prolific beyond compare, I guess, but there would be literal acres—a half-acre of hyacinths floating in the water. And you try to run a trot line up off the bottom, you pick that trot line up, and there’s this a half a[sic] acre of hyacinths you can’t even get through. It’s impassable. That’s a problem. So they were a problem. Hyacinths were a problem to small boat navigation. They were a problem to the commercial fishermen. However, when the state began to spray the hyacinths, they would die and settle to the bottom. Now you try to run a trot line in that. When you pick it up off the bottom, all those hyacinths that were floating on top are now rotting on the bottom, and they’re all over your trot line. There’s another problem. And they turn to silt, and it just gets worse and worse. But I’ve got to say in defense of the hyacinths, I think water quality was better, because their, the way they feed, as they float to the water—have you ever seen the root of a hyacinth? Motta It’s pretty long, right? Martin Yeah, and it was like a feather. It was like a feather duster. It hangs in the water. And as it moves along, it collects nutrients out of the water, and thus it cleans the water. So, they have sprayed so many hyacinths—the state has—that I feel like that the water quality is not what it could be with the hyacinths. In other words, I don’t have a problem with them spraying the hyacinths, but I think they’ve overdone it. They’ve virtually almost wiped them out. Motta Yeah. You don’t really see them that much anymore, do you? Martin No. No. You don’t. And the habitat—the shrimp and a lot of small fish would live up under the hyacinths in the roots, and the game fish were up there all the time. You could find a hole in the hyacinths, and fish through that hole, and catch all kinds of fish. Well, there are no hyacinths. It’s good to look at, nice pretty water, but it’s not as good as it could be. And that hyacinth is not a natural plant for Florida, you know. It came here, I think, from the Orient. Motta You mentioned earlier some altercations with other fishermen. Aside from the human aspect, were there any major, like, dangers with—I’d imagine there’s some kinds of dangers with commercial fishing? Natural dangers or just, like, the boat. Like, what did you have to look out for, pretty much? Martin Yeah. Okay. I’m glad you brought that up. One of the most agonizing injuries a commercial fisherman can get is to get horned by a catfish. A catfish has three horns—or spikes, fins—two out the side of each side of the head, and one up on the dorsal fin in the back. Now these fins are—they’re designed in a way that they’re serrated. They go in slick, but coming out is a different story, because it has, like, teeth on the backside of it, all in one direction, allowing it smooth penetration, but a very painful extraction. And to get stuck by one and bleed a little bit, it hurts a little bit and that’s it. But if you get one jammed in all the way in halfway through your hand, and you gotta pull that thing out, that’s a bad deal, brother. So anyway, that’s a bad deal. And I’ll tell you something a lot of people don’t know about catfish. One of the things that creates the intense pain when one is stuck by a catfish is the slime on the fish. And the way I found that out is, I had a cut on my hand one day when I picked up a catfish, and it just stung beyond belief, and I realized that that had something to do with it. I don’t think the catfish injects you with anything. I can’t say yes or no. I don’t think so. Motta Maybe like the bacteria or something? Martin Yeah. And infection is rampant. You need to get attention for a deep puncture wound from a catfish. But catfish will hurt you. A stingray will hurt you. I didn’t mess around with the alligators. I’m not of the mindset that I like to kill things. I kill the catfish to survive, but I’m not a hunter. Motta Well, yeah, you were on Lake Jesup a lot. Was the alligator population pretty big then, too? Martin Tremendous. Motta Did they pretty much just leave you alone? Martin Yeah. An alligator’s a misunderstood animal. He’s docile in his realm. He’s shy. He’ll stay away from you. Sometimes he’s kind of curious, but he won’t come up to you. He’ll stay off some distance and watch you, and that’s about it. Motta Even—you started in the early morning, right? They’re pretty active then. They still just kind of ignored you? Martin Yeah. You’d see them out there, see their heads up out on the lake, and they’re just trying to catch a garfish or a turtle or something, you know. They’re not the aggressive animal the media has made them out to be. You corner an alligator, he’s gonna try to hurt you. Motta Mess with its nest or something? Martin Yeah. That’s right. But if you leave the gator alone, he wants to get away from you. He don’t wanna be around a human being. On the other hand, people that feed the gators, they’re asking for trouble. That’s a different scenario. But in the wild, an alligator—he’s not gonna come charging up and jump in your boat, and all that stuff, whatever you might have heard. They’re docile. I should say—I can’t say “docile.” They’re hostile when they are challenged. But other than that, they don’t. Motta So, you worked for your father. Was there more crew than you and your father, I’m assuming? Martin Just my dad and I. Motta Oh, really? Martin Yeah. And he had his little boat, and I had mine, and he ran his trot lines, and I ran my trot lines, and I lived with my dad. Motta So even when you went off into Lake Monroe, it was just you? Martin Well, about that time’s when I started living on the boat, and so I had left on a different path. Motta Okay. But you didn’t have, like, deck hands or anything? Martin No. No, ‘cause the boats were too small. It’s only big enough for one boat, ‘cause you put a lot of fish and that commercial fishing equipment in the boat, and you—there is no room for anybody else. ‘Cause you’ve got a trot line what you call “wrapped,” and long hooks, and buoys, and all this fishing equipment. Lights and batteries and all kinds of stuff in the boat. So the boat’s only 14 feet long, there’s not a whole lot of room in there. So you gotta walk over all your stuff to get from one end of the boat to the other. And the trot line, by the way, is run from the bow. You sit right up in the bow, if you didn’t know that, to run the trot line, and the boat just kind of follows along as you go down that trot line. Motta Okay. So, since it was just you in the boat, did you have to kind of—I guess you knew what you were doing—but did you have to take care that you didn’t hurt yourself, or fall out or something? I mean, there’s nobody watching your back, pretty much? Martin Well, that’s right. You’re out there by yourself a lot. Yeah, you know—and that is good. You didn’t want an explosion or fire in your boat, which I never heard of that happening, but you wouldn’t want that out there by yourself. But I think the main thing you had to watch out for was—every commercial fisherman had a knife. It was a tool, and you could get cut, which I had done. You could get a pretty bad cut. Or, at times, when you’re baiting a trot line, when you grab this hook to bait it, you let go out this side of the boat, as you’re going down the line. You follow me? So you grab this hook, you bait, you let it go, and you grab this hook. Now, now you’re spread eagle. When you come together the length of the next pull, when you let that hook go, it’s a crucial moment, because if the wind is blowing—and this has happened to me and my dad—you pull that hand back, and that hook will bury itself right there in the palm of your hand, ‘cause it’s flopping in the wind, and you pull your hand back—it’s got you. So then you cut that little—it’s called a “brailing.” You have a trot line, you have a little string hanging down with a hook on it. You would cut that little string off, leave the hook embedded in your hand, finish your work, and come home and go to the doctor and have him cut it out. But what I would do, I’d just get a pair of pliers, jerk it out, and it’d pull out a hunk of meat. I wasn’t gonna go to the doctor. I’m not big and bad. I was cheap. [laughs] I wasn’t going to the doctor. Uh-uh. But we’d pull it out. Motta Oh, man. [laughs] Well, do you have any other stories you’d like to share, or I mean… Martin A lot. A lot, but I can’t take up your whole day, brother. Motta We’ve got a little time left. Martin All right. One time when I was married, I came home from the lake and I had exactly that scenario. Motta All right, sorry about that. You were about to start a story? Martin Yeah. That’s fine. We were talking about injuries or potential injuries. And, only because you asked me, I’ll tell you this story. But I came home that one day, and I had a hook buried in the palm of my hand. That little—what they call a “brailing” —that little piece of string on it. And as I said, at that time I was married. Well, outside we had a clothesline, and a T-fashion pole at each end. So, I knew she wasn’t gonna pull that out of my hand. So, I took a concrete block and I tied a string to it, and I set it right up on the top of the center of that T on that clothesline, and right beside the clothesline was my truck. So I laid my hand on the truck, and I tied a loop around that hook, and I held the shank down on this side, where it would pull that hook out reverse, and I called her out in the yard. And I said, “Push that concrete block off the clothesline.” And she looked at that scenario and saw that line coming down to my hand, and saw that hook, and she wouldn’t do it. And I insisted, so she finally tipped that concrete block off, and it went over the side of that clothesline pole. And when that line tightened up, brother, that hook come out of that hand and it pulled a hunk of meat about the size of an English pea. It put a hole in the middle of my hand. [laughs] Motta It seems you would have a lot of scars from this industry. Martin But you know, there’s probably so many scars, they just all run together. Now, I’ll tell you—you wanna hear this scar? That scar runs from that middle finger down around here, and comes around here, and it goes right through here. Well, my friend had a skip jack—fiberglass skip jack. That’s a boat I told you about earlier. And it was brand new. It didn’t have the bow cap on it. Boat comes to a point at the bow, and you have a little cap that goes on it right there. It’s a decorative cap over the bow. It’s usually aluminum or something like that. Well, now you’ve got this boat with bare fiberglass bow sticking out like this, and it’s sharp. I was right there in front of the Sanford Boat Works, and my friend was running the boat, and because he just got it, he wanted me to stand on the bank and watch the boat run by, to watch how she was running in the water. So he ran by a couple of times, and then he wanted me to run it, so he could stand on the bank and watch it run. So I ran the boat, and when I came back, he wanted to do it one more time, so he ran the boat, and the wind was blowing that day, and I was standing right at the water’s edge. Water was low. There was a bluff bank about four feet high right to my rear. So the bank came at one level, dropped 90 degrees down to a very short four-foot beach to the water. You follow me? Motta Yeah. Martin So now I’m standing on this little beach in front of this big bluff bank behind me. My friend makes a circle and comes back with this boat with a[sic] 80-horse Mercury on it, and he slows it down. He’s just gonna let it come right down to the beach there. Well, he came in a little bit hot. So I reached out to get a hold of the bow of the boat to slow it down as it come in, and it just shoved that hand right into that bank, and it almost took those two fingers off. And that’s what those scars are right there. It just about amputated that half of my hand, when that boat pinched my hand between the bow and that dry muck bank back there. [laughs] Motta It seems like you had a lot of injuries with your hands. Didn’t that, like, prevent you from doing basic boating… Martin Sure. Yeah. It’d cripple you up for a while. It sure would, boy. Motta Did you ever have to, like, stop fishing for a while? Martin Yeah. I was skinning fish one time. The way we’d clean the fish, you would take the fish, you’d cut him right behind the head here on both sides. And you would have a reverse hook on a ramp. So you got a little ramp with a reverse hook on it. You would hook that fish on that hook, take a pair of skinners, and pull that hide off the catfish and throw him in the stack, and then you would take his head off and gut him and he goes into the last process, you see. Well, I was skinning fish one night at the Sanford Boat Works. I had a little hook set up out there, and right under my hand right here is what we called a “red cat.” Now, a red cat is what they call—some people call them “brown bullheads,” “spotted catfish” —and they have red meat. The meat’s red, but it’s good. And that red cat was right there, and I was skinning that fish. Well, the skinner slipped off the hide, and my hand went right down the back of that fish, and that fin was sticking up I just told you about. And it went almost through my hand. When I got that taken care of—and like usual not going to a doctor—I rubbed some stuff on it, bandaged it up, and I was crippled up where I couldn’t hardly use that hand. Well, in about three days, it got all swelled up. My fingers got real tight like they were gonna split open. And it got red, boy. I mean, it was hot. And finally, I went to the doctor, and the doctor got all over my case. He said, “Twenty-four more hours, we’d have taken that hand off.” He said, “You’ve got blood poisoning in that hand.” He was not nice to me. He seemed like he was offended. They pumped me full of antibiotics, and got that taken care of. And I’ll tell you another time, a stingray—I had a stingray on a hook, and I was trying to take him off, ‘cause I didn’t want to hurt him, and that was not a smart thing to do. So, I rolled my hand under his back and turned him belly up, thinking he couldn’t get me with that tail. It’d be hanging out here in the air. And I’m over here trying to take that hook out of his mouth, and he run that spike right in that knuckle right there, and buried it in that knuckle, and gave me a good shot of his poison. Well, I was bleeding pretty good[sic], and I got rid of that scenario. Cut the string and threw him over. And about that time, I had a girlfriend. She was out there with me. And she said, “You better go ‘n’ have that taken care of.” And I’m like, “No. It’s all right. I’m okay.” Well, we kept fishing, and after a while, my wrist got to hurting, and then my elbow got to hurting, and I started rocking. You know, I didn’t want her to see it. She said, “You’re hurting. We’d better go right now.” So by the time we got to the boat ramp, I couldn’t hardly get the boat up on the boat trailer, ‘cause now it’s hurting up here under my shoulder. And we went right straight down, right to my house, and parked the boat, got in her car, and took me to the hospital. They gave me an IV of Benadryl, morphine, and some other stuff, because of the infectious poison that the stingray had. So that’s another thing a commercial fisherman doesn’t want to do is a stingray. Motta And there’s—I didn’t know there were freshwater stingrays in. This was in the lake? Martin Yeah. Lake Jesup, Lake Monroe are just thick with stingrays. Motta Oh. I never knew that. Martin Yeah. If you fish with worms or a protein-type bait—worms, shrimp, snail, meat of anything—throw that on the bottom, you’ve got a good chance of catching a stingray. Now, I know you’re running out of time, but I’ll tell you how the stingrays got here, because a lot of people don’t know, and I’m a reader. I read. I try—I’m not very educated, but I try to educate myself. And I read a book by Bill Belleville, and he wrote this book on nothing but the St. John’s River and the history thereof. Motta Do you remember the title of it? Martin Yeah, River of Lakes[: A Journey on Florida's St. Johns River]. And the St. John’s River originates over there just west of Melbourne. And at one time, the St. John’s River used to run directly into the Atlantic Ocean in an easterly fashion. The whole east coast of Florida literally rose up—this is probably millions of years ago, but they’ve done studies and they know this—thus forming the St. John’s River basin. And the river had to go somewhere, so it meandered, and it found its way out at Jacksonville. Now, when it did that, it encapsulated a lot of salt water. It was a saltwater marsh. Well, those stingrays were there. There were stingrays, there were mullet, and there were seahorses, and there were all kind of saltwater animals living in this saltwater marsh that eventually turned into the St. John’s River. So these stingrays that are here, most people think they come up from Jacksonville. They didn’t come up from anywhere. They’ve always been here. So that’s how the stingrays, the American eel, small seahorses—a few, not many—-mullet, stripers, croakers, are saltwater fish. There have been sightings of tarpon in Lake Harney. Motta Man, and a lot of these, they stay in—pretty low to the, like the lake bed? So they’re pretty much out of sight a lot, right? Like the stingrays and the eels. Martin Yeah, they’re bottom-dwellers. Motta Yeah. So, a lot of people wouldn’t know that they’re there. Martin That’s right. I mean, a stingray can swim clear to the surface. There are stingrays in the ocean, where they jump clear of the water. But these stingrays, if you’re not looking for them, you basically don’t know they’re there. But you don’t want to step on one of them, brother, ‘cause he’ll put that spike in your ankle. And these aren’t large stingrays, like in the ocean. They’re only about—a big one might be a foot to 14 inches wide—would be a big one. Motta [laughs] Learned something new. Martin They’re a nuisance on a trot liner, ‘cause if you don’t float that trot line up off the bottom, where they’ll swim under it. If you put that bait on the bottom, my gosh, you’ll have a whole string, trot. Motta Do they ever get caught in the traps, or like eels ever get in those traps? Martin That’s a good question. There are actually—some of the commercial fishermen, which I never did, they have what they call “eel pots.” They have designed traps to actually catch the eels here, and they send them to England. They eat a lot of eels in England. They do some kind of jelly with our eels or something crazy. I don’t know. But he’s called the American eel. He’s harmless. And a big one would be probably two and a half feet, I guess. But they actually—it seems like they have actually shut down the eeling in Lake Monroe, for some reason. Probably population’s down. I don’t know what it is, but for a long time, the commercial fisherman was putting out eel pots, or eel traps, and trapping the American eel as well. Motta Wow. Well, to—let me just ask you one last question, then. Kind of on a personal note. Do you have any—well, could you just tell me—it seems like you have a lot of experience on the lakes and the water. Personally, what was your favorite aspect of it? Like nature aspect or just your personal opinion. I would love to know. Martin Yeah. I’m glad you asked me that, because I have an answer. This is gonna be different than probably any commercial fisherman that you interview. Only because it’s different, not because my opinion is better. I’m a humble guy. I’m not in this for the heroes. But, many a night, when I would get through running my trot line, baiting it, sometimes I’d put the trot line out, and then bait it out there and go home. Well sometimes, it might be a full moon or thereabouts—beautiful out there—when I got through working out there. I’d take my boat and I’d go all up in the nooks and crannies with my big light, and watch the wildlife. And I could tell you some alligator stories. An alligator attacked my boat one night, but it was my fault. I provoked him. But it’s too long. I’ll tell you later. But anyway, I would appreciate nature. I saw a rabbit one night, on the bank in a place called Woodruff Creek. And the rabbit was on the riverbank eating a piece of grass—just one long piece of grass. He was just sitting there. And you know, a rabbit can eat a piece of grass and never move his hands. He’ll just kind of ingest the whole thing. He was doing that, and the grass was getting shorter and shorter, but the unique thing about this particular rabbit was when I shined the light on him—I wish I had had a camera, photography, the ability to take a picture—there was a halo of mosquitoes around this rabbit that were illuminated by the light. He didn’t pay them any mind at all. They can’t get to his fur, you see. So he was just—they didn’t matter. But the mosquitoes sensed that he was there, but they couldn’t get to him. So the rabbit was eating his grass in the nighttime, and this big giant halo of mosquitoes—not blind mosquitoes, these were bloodsuckers—trying to get to this rabbit. And I just—that picture in my mind will never go away. Motta Stuck with you? Martin He just was having dinner. [laughs] Motta Oh, well thank you for talking with us, coming in. Definitely taped a lot of this, so again, thank you for coming in and talking. Martin Well, you know, it’s been a pleasure. But the downside is—I just regret the history that is gonna be missed, because we only had an allotted time to do this. And I’ll still try to put some things together on paper, and you can drop by and give them to Ms. Kim [Nelson] up there or something. I wanna draw you some illustrations as to how the trot lines were made. Motta Oh, that would be great. Martin Now I’ve thought about donating that monkey to you guys. I guess I mentioned that earlier. Are you interested in having that machine? Motta Oh, yeah. Martin It’s about that long. Coverage Lake Jesup, Florida Lake Monroe, Florida Longwood, Florida Sanford Boat Works & Marina, Sanford, Florida Waits' Fish House, Lake Mary, Florida alligators American eels Archie Smith Bill Belleville Black Hammock Fish Camp boating the line Bobby Martin Camay soaps catfish catfish farming catfish farms catfishing Cecil Dile Clarence Coir commercial fishermen commercial fishing Daniel Motta Dog Track Road eel pots eeling electrolysis action fish fish traps fishers fishing fishing empty hooks game wardens gators hoop nets hyacinths jump lining Lake Harney Lake Jesup Lake Monroe Longwood monkey fishing monkey machines Mullet Lake Park Museum of Seminole County History oxidation pesticides poaching pollution Sanford Sanford Boat Works & Marina ship stores shotgun houses shrimp shrimp trawls shrimping skip jacks snails SR 17-92 St. Johns River State Road 17-92 stay lining stingrays Tampa trot lines Tuskawilla Road Vietnam War Waits' Fish House Woodruff Creek https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/23288d20d38c0f7e671f6412e62d4b87.mp3 55a3af9e40b4b44c9a4a0ad9c247159b https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/663dc00c96defba98cdc99ec779a8f3e.pdf 42d0c3d670181b55b0a681f04154e110 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Altamonte Springs Collection Alternative Title Altamonte Collection Subject Altamonte Springs (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Altamonte Springs, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. In 1870, Dr. Washington Kilmer of Cincinnati, Ohio, became the first Euro-American to settle in Altamont. In 1882, the area was renamed Altamonte Springs. The Altamonte Land, Hotel and Navigation Company was one of the major developers of the area. On November 11, 1920, residents voted in favor of incorporation. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altamonte Springs, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.altamonte.org/" target="_blank">Altamonte Springs, Florida</a>." Altamonte Springs, Florida. http://www.altamonte.org/. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49963391" target="_blank">Altamonte Springs</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 1999. Shofner, Jerrell H. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32274737" target="_blank">A History of Altamonte Springs, Florida</a>. Altamonte Springs, Fla: City of Altamonte Springs in association with Tabby House Charlotte Harbor, Florida, 1995. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Motta, Daniel Interviewee Hattaway, Bob Location <a href="http://www.adulttoystorage.com/" target="_blank">Adult Toy Storage</a>, Altamonte Springs, Florida. Bit Rate/Frequency 14111kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Bob Hattaway Alternative Title Oral History, Hattaway Subject Altamonte Springs (Fla.) Ferns--Florida Casselberry (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Zellwood (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Airports--Florida Description An oral history of Bob Hattaway, conducted by Daniel Motta on June 14, 2012. Hattaway was born and raised in Altamonte Springs, Florida. In the interview, Hattaway discusses growing up in Altamonte Springs, working in the fern industry, his real estate and agricultural endeavors, his family's influence in Altamonte Springs and Casselberry, the greenhouse business, local politics, and the air travel industry. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:46 Altamonte Springs during Hattaway’s childhood 0:04:26 Hattaway’s father 0:05:36 Childhood memories working in the fields 0:08:27 Education 0:09:58 Life after high school 0:13:16 Rivalry between Seminole County and Volusia County 0:15:24 Decline of the fern industry 0:19:20 Fern industry in Zellwood and shift to the tropical plant business 0:23:24 Interest in agriculture 0:24:11 Influence of the Hattaway family on Altamonte Springs and Casselberry 0:25:51 The Casselberry family 0:29:14 Greenhouse business 0:34:25 Local politics and involvement in the air travel industry 0:42:30 Evolution of the fern industry 0:45:28 How Altamonte Springs has changed over time Abstract Oral history interview of Bob Hattaway. Interview conducted by Daniel Motta at the <a href="http://www.adulttoystorage.com/" target="_blank">Adult Toy Storage</a> in Altamonte Springs, Florida. Type Sound Source Original 49-minute and 20-second oral history:Hattaway, Bob. Interviewed by Daniel Motta. June 14, 2012. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank">QuickTime</a>. <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/118" target="_blank">Altamonte Springs Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Altamonte Springs, Florida Lyman High School, Longwood, Florida Winter Park High School, Winter Park, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Oviedo, Florida Zellwood, Florida Casselberry, Florida Orlando International Airport, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Sanford International Airport, Sanford, Florida Opp, Alabama Adult Toy Storage, Altamonte Springs, Florida Creator Motta, Daniel Hattaway, Bob Contributor Vickers, Savannah Date Created 2012-06-14 Date Modified 2014-12-10 Date Copyrighted 2012-06-14 Format audio/mp3 application/pdf Extent 498 MB 175 KB Medium 49-minute and 20-second audio recording 22-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel Motta and Bob Hattaway, and transcribed by Savannah Vickers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Representatives/details.aspx?MemberId=2876&SessionId=50/" target="_blank">Representative Bob Hattaway</a>." Florida House of Representatives. http://www.myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Representatives/details.aspx?MemberId=2876&SessionId=50. "<a href="http://www.altamonte.org/" target="_blank">Altamonte Springs, Florida</a>." Altamonte Springs, Florida. http://www.altamonte.org/. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49963391" target="_blank">Altamonte Springs</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 1999. Shofner, Jerrell H. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32274737" target="_blank">A History of Altamonte Springs, Florida</a>. Altamonte Springs, Fla: City of Altamonte Springs in association with Tabby House Charlotte Harbor, Florida, 1995. Transcript Motta This is Daniel Motta.I am interviewing Mr. Bob Hattaway at his business, Adult Toy Storage, in Altamonte Springs.To start, Mr. Hattaway, could you tell me where you were born? Hattaway I was born in the city of Altamonte Springs in 1936, which today, the location is on Lake Orienta, which at one time was called Orienta Ferneries, later in years.And the Hattaway family lived on that property for a number of years, probably 30 years, or something. Motta So you were born on the property? Hattaway I was born on the property, yeah.At that time, when I was born, 1936, a lot of people did not go to hospitals.They couldn’t afford it.So I was born at home. Motta And could you tell me a little about the neighborhood, the house, property? Hattaway The property, basically—it was 150 acres of property.Thirty acres of the property was into a fernery slat shed growing tropical foliage and plants, mostly asparagus plumosus fern, and then another fern called leatherleaf fern, which came on in a later date, which became very popular in the flower industry.But we were growing plants and flowers and a lot of different products back at that time, to sell.So it was a very rural area.Altamonte Springs had one road leading in and one road leading out, and it was Highway 436 [Florida State Road 436].If you wanted to go shopping, you would get on 436 and travel [US Route] 17-92 to Downtown Orlando, because there were no stores in Altamonte Springs, or Casselberry.You had to go to Orlando to shop. Motta And I imagine 436 looked a lot different then. Hattaway Yeah, 436 was probably a two-lane road, and going through the middle of Altamonte Springs was a four-lane road divided in the middle by two very large rows of oak trees, from about where the Altamonte Mall is today, all the way to the railroad track in Altamonte Springs.That’s going from west to the east. Motta Were any of these paved roads? Hattaway It was paved, yeah.Sometimes.But Maitland Avenue also was there, which was a two-lane road itself.But very rural.I mean, there was really nothing out here. Motta And you said, on the property, only part of it was ferns? Hattaway Yeah.Of the hundred acres, a lot of it, 30-something acres of it was slat shed fern itself, and the other was open fields, and we were growing plumosus or podocarpus, and were using that.We’d grow the podocarpus and cut that as cuttings and ship that to the northern market, to flower shops as well.So, and everything at that time, back when the fern business back in the [19]50s, and [19]60s, most of the freight was moved by rail, and not by truck.So there was a big depot in Altamonte Springs, and the depot itself, the major portion of it, was people like us—Hattaways, Casselberrys, Vaughns, etc.—shipping boxes and boxes and boxes of cut fern to the northern market, to flower shops. Motta And that would all take place here, or would it go to Sanford first, and go from there? Hattaway No. Motta Just directly? Hattaway There was a direct stop in Altamonte Springs and a direct stop in Casselberry, and also a direct stop in Longwood and Maitland.So they were little whistle stops, but most of the time they were stopping to pick up a product, like the fern product, and then some passengers.But there were no 7-Elevens, and there was absolutely nothing out here at that particular point in time.Not any tourists as well. Motta About how many families lived in this area, you think? Hattaway Well, you know, on the Orienta Fernery side, which was known as the Royal Ferneries at one time, there were probably—it was a housing development there, row houses for the migrant workers, or the workers, to live on the premise and work there, and [inaudible] 40-something houses with a church, [inaudible] on Hattaway Drive today, this long, long, long, then gone?.But they provided housing for people, and they were not great to live in and to be able to work. Motta And did your father build the houses and the church? Hattaway No, those were built back in the—golly.My father went in, they bought from Hibbard Casselberry, 1951.They bought what at that time they called the Royal Ferneries, and they bought that from Hibbard, and Hibbard bought it, I think, in 1946—‘45.And then my father worked for Mr. Casselberry, and my grandfather worked for Mr. Casselberry, and my two uncles, also, worked for Mr. Casselberry. All of them in stooped labor, cutting ferns by hand and taking it to the packinghouses, and then being able to ship the product to the northern market.And there were no Kmarts, and there were no big Walmarts, and those kind of things.Flower shops were flourishing.That was the mainstay of the fern business at that time, corsages and bouquets and things of that nature. Motta So what year did you say your father procured the property? Hattaway He bought the property from Hibbard in 1951. Motta Okay. So, when you were born, he was working in the industry?He just didn’t… Hattaway He was working with Mr. Casselberry.Yeah. Motta Okay. And what were your experiences like as a child? Did you also have any contact with—did you work in fields at all? Hattaway Yes, yes.Oh, yeah[laughs]. Those were wonderful moments.[laughs] Motta Could you tell me a little about them? Hattaway Out there with stooped labor, working in the—I would work in the summer months when I was out of school, high school and grammar school.I would pull weeds in the fernery.And they would hire a lot of young people like myself at that time—ten, twelve years old.And our job was—the fernery was full of weeds of various kinds, and so we’d line up ten, fifteen, or twenty of us in rows.We’d go down through and pull the weeds out of each row.That was a terrible job.I knew when that was happening I didn’t want to stay in the nursery business, or fern business.I darn sure didn’t want to be a stooped laborer in the field.But that’s where my family came from.I mean, they worked for every Casselberry.And Hibbard brought my grandfather and my father both out of the fernery, out of the field, and put my grandfather in charge of the fernery over[?]—which was the Royal Fernery at that time, Casselberry Ferneries as well—and put my grandfather in charge of that side of the fernery, and then my father went over to the main plant over in the middle of Casselberry, and he became the main foreman over there, in an office, working for Mr. Casselberry.And so Mr. Casselberry brought him out of the field, very little education, and put him in charge of a number of people.At that time, you know, back in the ‘40s and ‘50s, the fern business, it was a big business, and they were employing probably two, three hundred people.So it was a lot of people depending on the Casselberrys and the Foleys[?] in the fern business at that time as well. Motta So when you were in the fields doing that work that you loved so much, were you paid for that, or was that just something expected of you? Hattaway Oh, yeah.Yeah, we got paid for it. Motta Do you remember… Hattaway Twenty-five cent an hour.And I was, you know—I’ve always loved to work.That’s been my mainstay, and I’ve got great work habits.And I think most people back then did.I’m not sure what they have today.I know it’s not as good as it was back then.But Mr. Casselberry provided a lot of employment for young people when school was out, that they could work during the summer.And pulling those weeds was part of what you did.And I would get out, and we’d help with the repair of the slat sheds, repairing the irrigation systems, just to keep the fernery back in good repair, so we could grow the fern itself.But it’s hard work. Motta I’d imagine. Hattaway But, you know, I did that every summer.When I got out of school, the following week I’d be working in the field. Motta Could you tell me a little about where you went to school?Did you—high school, or did you go to college after? Hattaway Sure.I went to Lyman High School, grades one through twelve.I went to Winter Park High School the 10th grade to the 11th grade, and then came back to Lyman for the 12th grade itself.So I was actually grade one through ten at Lyman High School, the old school. Motta It wasn’t called Lyman High School then? Hattaway It was called Lyman High School, yeah. Motta But it was one through twelve? Hattaway One through twelve, yeah.There were, when I graduated, in 1954—’55 there were twelve boys and one girl in my class.Thirteen class.And the class behind us, I think, had 25.So it was a very small school back then, and grade one was, you know—all the way through.And I think they stopped that just before—no, it was still going on in 1955.It was still grade one through twelve, I think, at that time.But Lyman today is probably graduating one thousand kids at one whack.And you got Oviedo, and etc., etc.Great changes, but, you know, we had small classes.Probably the max in a class was 20, 25.Teachers were very personal.Teachers knew us all, and it turned out, had a good education.When I graduated from Lyman, I think there was only two people in our class went to college, and the rest of us went into the work field.And I immediately, when I graduated, I started buying real estate, starting my own fernery. Motta Graduated from high school? Hattaway Yeah, high school.I didn’t go to college. Didn’t go to college.And I was working—I got a job in Winter Garden with Continental Can Company, and they were making small cans to put orange juice into, frozen orange juice, and that was a—you’d put three cups of water with it… Motta The concentrate? Hattaway Concentrate, and do all those.I worked there at night, the night shift from 3:30 ‘til 12:00 or something of that nature.And then during the day, I bought a piece of property in Oviedo on Chapman Avenue[sic], and built my first nursery under oak trees.And I started my own business back in 1956—I guess ’57, ’58, something like that. Motta Where did you say the canning company was? Hattaway Continental Can Company. Motta Where was that? Hattaway In Winter Garden. Motta Oh, okay.So those… Hattaway It was a big canning company. Motta Pretty far from each other, the two? Hattaway I’m sorry? Motta The two jobs you had were pretty far from each other. Hattaway Yeah.Yeah.One was working in the can company, the other was working in the field, in a nursery.And started my own place.I bought an oak tree hammock.And we’d found by that time, in the nursery business, in the fern business, that slat sheds were very expensive, and you couldn’t keep them up because of cost, wood rot, and it became—they were falling down.So, we started… Motta How often do you have to replace those? Hattaway Oh, you were constantly working on the building, on the fields themselves, and you’re talking about 30 acres of slat shed.Just slats are, you know, four inches wide.And sometimes they would kind of fall down.If you’re tall like I am, you’d run into a slat and hit your head and etc.So we went from the slat sheds into buying oak tree hammocks, and putting fern under the oak tree hammocks.And we also started planting in the ferneries—the old ferneries, oak trees inside of the fernery itself—to grow up through the slat sheds for shade.You were looking for a certain amount of shade.And so we started that, and that’s where the slat sheds kind of disappeared, and everybody, especially Mr. Casselberry, his whole side was nothing but oak trees. Motta Oh, really? Hattaway The side we had, and my father and grandfather had, over on Orienta Fernery side, they planted orange trees, which was a really, really smart move, because they always had orange trees—they also had the product of fern under that.The problem was, when they planted the orange trees, they budded the orange tree to Valencia, navels, or whatever it’s going to be.When they sprayed the orange tree spray on the fern, to kill worms, etc., it killed the buds on all the orange trees.Ended up with 25 acres of sour orange trees, and there’s not a lot of market for sour orange trees.So it was just a good concept, but it didn’t work. Motta So, by that time, there was pretty much the natural solution of replacing the slats with the trees?Like, is that what all the fern owners pretty much moved to? Hattaway Yeah.Yeah.Everybody was doing that.Everybody was doing that. Motta Okay. Hattaway Fern business was big not only here in Central Florida, in the Orlando area, Altamonte Springs, Casselberry, Fern Park, but it was big up in Crescent City and Pierson, which it still is today. Motta Yeah. Hattaway It’s the mainstay up there as well. Motta Was there any kind of rivalry between, like, here and Volusia County? Hattaway Oh, yeah.Oh my god.Yeah.Yeah.They would—and I’ve heard my father talk about the stories that the price of the ferns had become very cheap—and so the industry got together and met someplace up in DeLand or something, some little community, with the main growers all meeting at one concept. Woman Excuse me, do you need anything before I go to lunch? Hattaway No, I’m good. Unidentified Okay. Hattaway I’m good.They all went back to discuss the pricing, and I guess they were trying to do what you’d call the price fixing.But the typical agriculture business, they all got together, they all decided, shook hands, and this is what we’re gonna charge to the fern.All of them couldn’t wait to run back to the phone and call their customers in Chicago[, Illinois] or New York or where it is, and say, “Hattaway’s going up on the price of his fern by three cent.I’m gonna stay the same price” or “I’m gonna drop the price.”It never worked.And so they cut their throat time and time again.But there was great rivalry, especially, that I’m familiar with, between the Barnetts, the Casselberrys, the Vaughns.And there was a rivalry there because Mr. Casselberry started the tax-free town of Casselberry, and the Barnetts were a big, very wealthy family, had a lot of ferneries in the Fern Park, Casselberry area, and they didn’t like Mr. Casselberry, because he was so aggressive, and he was a new guy in town.And they got into a hell of a rivalry.So it was always a shootout. Motta And the Vaughns, you said? Hattaway Vaughns. Motta They were also in Seminole County already. Hattaway That’s right.Yeah.They were up in Casselberry—which you would never say “Casselberry,” you would say “Fern Park”—which today is the location of the Home Depot. Motta Near Lake Concord? Hattaway On 17-92 and Concord.That area.So yeah, there was a real rivalry going on between the small families with the Casselberrys.And those three, those were the three players.So. Motta And this was like the ‘50s, early ‘60s? Hattaway Yeah, ‘40s and ‘50s. Motta So when did the fern industry kind of start slowing down, in the area? Hattaway Oh, god.My father—I read this this morning—and it had so many ups and downs that I wasn’t even aware of—when I read his notes.And the, you know, just the price of fuel became so high, and labor became so expensive, that we really saw it when my father bought the place in 1951 from Hibbard, like 130 acres, Orienta Ferneries.He, within five years, was subdividing the fernery.And he became involved in real estate, which was a really smart move. Motta And these, the plots, were they designed for the houses and also, like, partially for ferns?Like, if somebody wanted to grow, like, a little on the side… Hattaway No. That was way before that ever happened. Motta Oh, okay. Hattaway That was a lot of little nurseries that were back in the ‘20s and ‘30s. Motta So this was purely real estate? Hattaway Yeah. purely real estate.Yeah.He started taking the fernery, which had a hundred and some odd acres, and started selling the land off itself to people that wanted to move.By this time, Altamonte Springs and Casselberry and the community started growing, and so people were starting to migrate, if you want to say that, from Orlando out into the country.And we were selling real estate lots on Lake Orienta—that was a fernery—and we took some of the slat sheds down and were selling real estate lots 100 feet wide, anywhere from 250 to 300 feet deep, for $2,000, for a lot, on paved road. Motta Around what year was this? Hattaway In the ‘50s—’58, somewhere along there, ’57, ’58.That area where Hattaway Drive is today, that drive that was all Orienta Ferneries, all the property that my father bought from Mr. Casselberry.But he went in like Hibbard.Hibbard went into the real estate business big time.He had a lot of land.And he saw the handwriting on the wall itself.The fern business was just not thriving.There was—and, a lot of artificial stuff coming down the line.People were using podocarpus.People were using [?], using a lot of fillers instead of using the fern.It was cheaper to buy a filler and put inside, in that corsage, for the price. Motta Oh.I was about to ask what were some of the reasons it kind of went down.That was pretty much just the artificial—were other parts of the country… Hattaway It wasn’t artificial, then.It was just shrubs and things they were cutting that they could stick into a bouquet of flowers.Bouquet of flowers won’t last, you know, a week, four or five days.So they could take sphagnum moss, or they could take a ligustrum, or something that’s leafy and green, and put it in a corsage at a cheaper rate than they could a sprig of fern, or a sprig of leatherleaf fern. Motta But if people did want those kind of ferns, were they still dependent on this area, or were there other parts of the country, do you know of? Hattaway Not from what I remember.It was mainly this area, plus the Pierson-Crescent City area, that was the mainstays.Later on, it became, everybody started to go off—not everybody.Several of the nurserymen started going off to Costa Rica and islands, and growing fern down there.In fact, one of the largest growers, probably still today, moved from Zellwood.Name was John Marcell.He moved to Costa Rica, and the last I heard, and I haven’t seen John in a long time, he had over 1,000 acres of saran shade cloth, growing leatherleaf fern, and ferns shipping all over the world.Actually, I’ve been told he controls the fern market in Costa Rica.This[?] big.[laughs] Motta Was Zellwood into the fern industry, or were they in other agriculture? Hattaway And actually Zellwood was—it was a small little town, still today.Marcell was the main grower at that time of leatherleaf fern.Went over to Lockhart, there was another grower over there, name of Joe Wofford, and he had a small fernery, probably ten or fifteen acres.He was growing leatherleaf fern.And Apopka itself had started transitioning over from the fern business—the Ustlers, Mahaffeys—golly, some other families there.But they were more into the tropical foliage business, and growing—building—greenhouses, taking slat sheds and growing tropical plants, which were now becoming very popular.So they shifted from the fern business over to the tropical plant business.And I shifted, also.I saw the handwriting on the wall.The one I built over in Oviedo, myself, it was only small as ten acres.But I sold that to another fernery guy out of Crescent City, took the money of that and started buying property in Altamonte Springs, off Hattaway Drive, and built my first greenhouses.And I went in the greenhouse business.So I shifted from the fern business over to the tropical foliage business. Motta More broad[sic]. Hattaway Yeah. broader opportunity of selling to a greater amount of people.And my first greenhouse I built was out of used lumber, and I took a saw mill myself, and cut the two-by-fours and four-by-fours out of used lumber, and built my first building, which was 30 feet wide and a hundred feet long, which I have pictures of it there.And, gosh, over the years, became a pretty good size.[laughs] Motta And where did you say this first one was? Hattaway It was over just off of Hattaway Drive there in Altamonte Springs.Small place. Motta Okay.So how long were you—your property in Chapman, you said it was on Chapman Road? Hattaway Yeah.I was over there—I was in Chapman, probably, I had that nursery probably ten years.A good while, long enough that I’d made enough money working at night.At the Continental Can Company, they were paying me union wages, and I never joined the union.But I was making big bucks, and I was able to buy the land and do the things I’d need to do to get a business going.And it was pretty successful, but when I had the opportunity of selling that property to another person, then take that money and come back over into Altamonte, and go into a different business—although I was still in the agriculture business, it was a good shift.I ended up—well, the fernery there had 20 acres there on Hattaway Drive, and greenhouses—had probably ten acres of greenhouses there.And grew there for a number of years.To build the buildings, [?], build the buildings, I was—to get the lumber for that place—I was going, also to get the used lumber, I was going up and down the railroad tracks.They were taking down power poles and telephone poles, and I would cut the telephone poles and take the arms.At that time, they had arms going out with wires on them, and those were like three-by-fours, and they were like eight feet long, and I would use those for posts, as I gathered used stuff to build my whole nursery. Motta Were they just, like, the ones that they left there? Hattaway Yeah. Motta Was it okay that you took those?[laughs] Hattaway Yeah. definitely.They knew I was doing it.They were taking them down. Motta And, so, you pretty much built all those house, the original houses, yourself?It sounds like you’re a jack of all trades. HattawayI am. [laughs] Motta Did you enjoy the growing aspect?Like, did you have a green thumb, or was it like… Hattaway Oh, yeah. Motta Did you enjoy the business? Hattaway I enjoyed the business, and I definitely did not have a green thumb.But I enjoyed the business, and I didn’t know anything else.What else could a guy do?There wasno—there was nothing out here.You either worked for the Hattaways, you worked for the Vaughns, you worked for the Casselberrys, or you worked for the Bradshaws in the grove business.This was agriculture community.There was nothing to do.Or, work at the dog track, something like that.So it was, you know—happy as a pig in slop.[laughs] What else can you do?This is what it is. Motta This might be going back a little bit, but did your family have any influence on early Altamonte Springs, like developing and like with the government? Hattaway No, my father did.He was elected a constable.He worked for Hibbard.And when Hibbard incorporated the City of Casselberry—I’ve heard my mother and father talk about that the night that they did the incorporation, they had a town hall meeting before it was ever incorporated in Mr. Casselberry’s office.There was a—had to have a certain amount of people in the meeting to have a quorum and to be able to appeal to the legislature for incorporation. Motta And this—as a town? Hattaway As a town.As a town.And they didn’t have four[?] people… Motta This was around 1940? Hattaway In the room, so my father left the meeting, went home—we lived on Concord Drive—and brought my mother to the meeting, and she voted, and that’s how, that was part of the process of incorporating the City of Casselberry.My father was elected in 1941 as the first constable of the City of Casselberry.And it was a, I guess, kind of a window-dressing job, but he was constable for eleven years in the City of Casselberry. Motta And that’s kind of like the police chief of the town? Hattaway That’s right.Yeah.He was the police chief.[laughs] I don’t think he even had a badge.[laughs] But that’s old time there. Yeah.But you know, again, you know, this was small town, U.S.A.Hibbard would have—and I can remember this so well—he would, at Christmas time, he would have a big Christmas party on the front lawn of the offices, and for all the employees that worked for Mr. Casselberry, his entire operation.And he would get every kid a gift at Christmas time.And this was black, white, whatever it was be.He would always throw this big Christmas party.Big deal.You’d either get a knife or get a yo-yo or something like that.[laughs] But, and he was quite a—he was a good man.A lot of people, you know, just—vision, had great vision.And smart, wasn’t hard to talk to.He was a young man at that time.He was just good to us.He was very good for the community.Barnetts won’t tell you that.And the Vaughns won’t tell you that.But the Hattaways damn sure will tell you that real quick. Motta Did you know Mr. Casselberry personally, as a young man? Hattaway Mm-hm.Yeah.I knew him.He, and especially Leonard [Casselberry]. I don’t know if you’ve interviewed Leonard, Jane [Casselberry]? Motta Yeah. about a week or two ago. Hattaway Leonard used to come to my mother and father’s house, and Leonard would love to read comic books.[laughs] He—he wasn’t too energetic.[laughs] But he would come in and read the comic books, and Jane—they lived over off of the old race track road [Dog Track Road], at the horse track.He probably told you that’s what they built there, as well. Motta Yeah.Was knowing the founder and, I guess, owner at that time of Casselberry, was that like a—in this year, that seems kind of, like, strange, or maybe not strange, but—was it, did it seem like a big deal, or was he just like any normal citizen? Hattaway No. It was—to the normal person, it was probably a big deal.But because my father worked for him, and with him, I would go into my father’s office, and Mr. Casselberry’s office was right there.And he had a big picture window that he could look out into my father’s office, and then be able to look out into the grading there.They graded fern—longs, shorts, mediums, whatever you were looking for in the size of fern to ship.And, you know, he was just there all the time.He had a—I can remember so well—he had a big, big tarpon fish mounted in his office in back there.He would go to—my father, in fact, I’ve seen some pictures of him—he would go to the flower shows in Chicago or New York, where they might be, and Martha [Casselberry], his wife at that time—he married three times—Martha would wear, he would wear white riding pants—horses, cows? Motta Mm-hm. Hattaway And boots, real knee boots up there.With a big coat on.All in white.And a fern spray on this thing.Promoter. Motta Yeah. representing his… Hattaway Yeah.He was a promoter, as well.Promoted, and he had a knack about doing that, much better than the Vaughns and the Barnetts, as well.But, yeah, he was a good man.I can’t tell you that enough times. Motta So you started getting into the nursery, would it be considered nursery business or the greenhouse… Hattaway Greenhouses.Yeah. Motta How long were you involved with that before you looked more towards retail? Hattaway I started in the fern business when I got out of high school, 1954-55.I was in the fern business by 1960, with the fernery over in Chapman Avenue in Oviedo.And then started the first greenhouses and then grew that business.And I went out of the business in 1988, of the foliage business.So I graduated, basically, from the fern business over to the foliage, from the foliage into the foliage business itself.Ended up with this place, which is 500,000 square feet of what was greenhouses.But I built steel structure buildings, I told you.And today it’s now the steel structure buildings that are storing boats, cars, and recreational vehicles.1974-75, I bought a farm in Puerto Rico, and I started out with thirty, three thousand, building 3,000 square feet—300—yeah, 3,000, 30-feet wide and 100-feet long.And I bought a farm in Puerto Rico that was 80 hectares of greenhouses.And I was shipping fern or foliage plants from Puerto Rico, by sea freight, to Europe.So I moved from 33,000 square feet, to a farm here, and a farm in Puerto Rico.And I farmed in Puerto Rico, foliage plants, for twenty years, twenty-two years. Motta Did you sell that land, or still… Hattaway Yeah, I did.I sold it.I sold it.I wanted to go out of the nursery business.My brother, and then, by then graduated from University of Florida, had a degree in horticulture, and he wanted the nursery in Puerto Rico, so I sold the nursery to him in Puerto Rico.And he farmed in Puerto Rico for, I don’t know, another eight,-nine years.And we had three major hurricanes hitting back to back.First time we had insurance.We rebuilt.Second time, had insurance.Insurance company went belly up, and we rebuilt.And the third time, we said, “That’s it.”And we sold it.And then I was here all the time, and I just started converting all the buildings over to what you see today. Motta So about what time did you decide you wanted to get out of that business? Hattaway 1988. Motta Okay. Hattaway Yeah.I already had another vision, what you see today. Motta Works out for you. Hattaway Yeah, it worked out.Yes.Yeah.It really—what was my whole plan at that time, was—I had roughly 30 acres here—was to add on a trailer park in front of me, which today is a public shopping center.And I was trying to buy their property, and I wanted to build a big industrial park, 40-45-acre industrial park.And I couldn’t buy that trailer park, and made them some ridiculous offers.I’m glad they didn’t take it, ‘cause the market went to hell in a handbag.I ended up, you know, basically looking at what they were doing, and I said, “If they will pay $35.00 a month to park a boat outside in an open field, with grass and grasshoppers, what will they pay to put it inside the building?”And from there, you know, it grew from there.So, in 1988, I was in the foliage business.In 2012, I’m now in the storage business.And the place is doing fairly well. Motta That sounds like a pretty brilliant idea, just converting the fields to this.Do you know if any other growers have took that... Hattaway No, no.They can’t.They all built buildings that were not convertible.They couldn’t do what I did.In fact, I saw Earl Vaughn two weeks ago. Had a funeral up in Apopka, and went over and we were talking—and I know Earl.Great guy.I like Earl.I don’t know if you’ve met him or not. Motta No. Hattaway You need to meet him.You need to meet Earl Vaughn. Motta I would love to. Hattaway Vaughn Greenhouses.They’re in the book.He’s no longer in the foliage business, but he has a farm, a foliage place up on [Florida State Road] Highway 46 up in Sanford.And saw him, and I said something, and he said, “Hattaway, what you did is brilliant.”He said, “I’ve been trying to do the same thing, except I can’t get my zoning.I’m in the Wekiva [River] Protection Area.”And so, he can do nothing other than what he’s doing.So, you know, fortunately, when I started building the buildings, I then started working politically to change the zoning on this place.And so I did it back early.If I tried to do it today, I’d probably never get it done. Motta Are you still involved in local politics? Hattaway I just write checks.[laughs] Motta [laughs] Well… Hattaway No, I’m still involved.I have a lot of friends in the political scene.I help them.You know, I served eight years in the [Florida] Legislature.Loved it, and had fun with it.Eight years at Orlando International Airport.That’s a full-time, non-paid political job, and did that for eight years. Motta And what was your—for the airport, what was your… Hattaway I was the—actually, I was chairman for four years, and vice chairman for two years, and on the board for eight.And the governor appointed me.Lawton Chiles appointed me.And so, I served there, and when I went on the board, there was $10 million worth of construction going at the Orlando International Airport.When I left, eight years later—yeah, eight years later it was—it was $500 million worth of construction going.And they had another $500 million committed to build the south terminal, and the new board decided that they didn’t want to do that, and so the new board today is trying to figure out how they can get the money to build the south terminal for international rivals.And, you know, that was a group of Democrats—John Rich, Bill Miller, Howard McNelty, myself—four really strong Democrats.We got in and got aggressive, said, “This place is gonna grow.”And we went from 22 million passengers—eight years later, it was like 31 million passengers.That’s growth.And all we did, we went out and started marketing the Orlando International Airport, as a board, as a group of people, with the mayor of Orlando, Linda Hood, and the county chairman, Linda Chapin.And we were a hell of a team, and we moved around this country, all around this world, basically.And brought airlines in, British Airlines[sic], Southwest [Airlines], Virgin [Atlantic].Those were all new carriers that came in that eight-year period of time. Motta Were you involved in the [Orlando-] Sanford [International] Airport or the… Hattaway That was my first venture.Back when we did that one, Kay Shoemaker was the chairman, and John—what was the name—Steve, he was the executive director.I can’t think of his last name now.But he came to me, I was a new board member, and he said, “You know, we need to go after international passengers for the Sanford airport.”So we went to Kay Shoemaker and talked Kay into letting us fly, I think it was, Toronto, Canada.And the concept that Steve had—and I was just the baggage, went along with him—that we need to go to Holiday Travel, and talk to them about direct flights from Toronto to Sanford, and not from Toronto to Orlando.And we met with the Holiday Travel, they thought it was a good idea, and he was very much in favor of it, but the issue was that the travel time coming from the Sanford Airport to [Walt] Disney [World], you didn’t have the 414, I think it is, or 4… Motta Oh,[State Road] 408, [State Road] 417? Hattaway 417, yeah, coming across the lake.You didn’t have that segment built, and, so, that was a stopping point.When that segment was built, Holiday Travel and a lot of those guys started flying into Sanford, and bypassing Orlando.Well, in the meantime, I moved from the Sanford Airport board, over to the Orlando Airport.[laughs] So, it was quite a conflict there for a while.[laughs] And Larry Dale—and I don’t know if you know Larry—but Larry Dale and I had some real knockdowns and drag-outs about the airports.He’s the executive director of the Sanford Airport. Motta Oh, yeah? Hattaway Yeah.Yeah. Motta I’m curious how you, how did you even get involved with the airport, like the industry? Hattaway The governor. Motta Okay. Hattaway The governor.Yeah, I—when Lawton was elected—Lawton Chiles—I’d been in the Legislature.I knew him very well, and I worked with him for his election.And he was elected.He appointed me to the lottery commission.I didn’t believe in the lottery.I didn’t like the lottery.When it was approved, I was in the Legislature.I voted against it.And was opposed against it then, and Lawton told me, said, “I want you to be on that board.You’re the first Democrat to be appointed, and I want to get rid of the executive director.”I forget her name.She was really good, too.But he wanted to get rid of her and he wanted to change the entire board.He wanted to make changes.And so, I did that for a couple of years.And I was tired of it, and finally we just got enough Democrats on the board that I went to the governor, said, “I’m out of here.I don’t want to do this anymore.”In the meantime, when that happened, the [Greater Orlando] Aviation Authority thing came up available in Orlando, and I was supporting a Republican, Sue [inaudible] was her name, and Sue wanted to be appointed to the board.And I went to the governor to appoint her from Seminole County, and the governor says, “No, I’m not going to appoint a Republican.But I will appoint you if you want to take the job.”So I said, “Well, okay. I’ll do it.” Motta Did you have an interest in air travel? Hattaway Yeah, I did, because of Sanford.And I knew that it was a very, very important job.The Orlando International Airport is the economic engine that really runs this community today.And the things they’ve accomplished, and the size of the airport.This is number one around the state of Florida, certainly, that I enjoyed that.But I did, I was able to go into that segment having eight years in Tallahassee being a legislator, that I knew a little bit about politics, and I knew that a lot of my newfound friends that I found in Tallahassee, of eight years, when I was no longer elected, they didn’t know my first name or my last name.And when I was appointed to the Aviation Authority in Orlando, I told my wife, Charlotte, I said, “This is altogether different.We’re going to have a lot of brand new friends, and they’re going to love us for eight years.And when we’re gone, they won’t know our name.So we’re gonna do this different.We’re gonna do what the hell we want to do, and we’re gonna do the things that we think are right, and eight years from now, we’ll be good.”And that’s how we prefaced that.So it was fun.It was, like I said, it was a full-time—as a chairman—non-paid, political job.But would I do that again?Probably not.It was the right time.You know, I’ve been very fortunate that I’ve lived at the right time, when things were just starting to peak or things were really going smoothly, and everybody was getting along. Motta It seems like you’ve always been able to do what makes you happy. Hattaway I’ve been lucky.You’ll never sit across the table from a more blessed, lucky guy than me.Life has been good.With high school education, I’ve competed with all of them. Motta Work ethic.Whistling[?] away[?]. Hattaway It’s worked out, worked out fine.[laughs] So, and I laugh about. In fact, I’ve brought my report cards in today for some reason, and I looked at those report cards, looking through stuff, and I said, “Man, I was a straight-F student.”[laughs] So, but, it’s been fun.Life’s been good, been good. Motta I wanted to ask you, for the Sanford Airport, when did that start becoming—when was it under construction? Hattaway It was, you know, it was a naval base [Naval Air Station Sanford], and then they converted over into a commercial airport, and I don’t remember the years.But I was on that board—phew.It wasn’t in the—must have been in the late ‘70s when they started converting it over.Yeah, I can’t remember the dates on that one. Motta So, did—it might have been the fern industry—I mean, it might have been kind of already low at that time, but was there any kind of transition?‘Cause you said the railroads, in the early days, that was like the artery.Was there, like, did the airports start to be more of a central thing with transportation? Hattaway With ferns, no.No.With the fern business, it became trucks. Motta Okay. Hattaway Everybody moved from the—we did some air freight, not a lot.Most of it was done by—the whole industry changed from trains and rail over to the trucking industry.So there was a—trucking lines were moving strictly either foliage plants or ferns by truck itself to the destination.The fern business itself—the labor, cost of labor, the cost of materials, the cost of land—all those things just became cost-prohibited to be able to do anything with it.You asked a question earlier about, you know, do I miss it?I loved the plant business.I really enjoyed it, and still today would like to be in the business, except I know I can’t make any money at it.And I’m not gonna fool around with something I can’t make money at as well.But, you know, the guys in Apopka and the guys that been in the fern business, and growing something, you know, a plant or product, I think they all will tell you, you know, it’s just a great place to—it’s a fun thing to do.And it’s really rewarding to put a little plant on a stem into a piece of sphagnum moss, and grow it to a finished product, and ship it.If I had a nickel for every plant that I’ve grown, I’d be a very wealthy man.Rick [Hattaway] enjoyed it.My brother enjoyed it very much.And I kept telling him, “You don’t want to go into the greenhouse business.You want to stay out of it.”My mother told me that as well.But, you know, he followed the family trade and did that as well.But, it’s a good life.It’s a good opportunity. Motta That whole watching something grow, that seems almost kind of like a good metaphor for your, all your business [inaudible]. Hattaway [laughs ] Yeah.Yeah.I read an article today, an old one, gosh, about when I developed that orange grove over there, and it was—Phil [inaudible] was the city manager.It was quoting him about what I was doing over there, and how I environmentally was taking care of Lake Lotus, and all the things I did back then.But, you know, to see the growth, or where we were back in the ‘40s and ‘50s, and where we are today, people have opportunities.There were no opportunities when I was growing up.Either you worked in a fernery or you worked in an orange grove.There wasn’t high school education.People weren’t going to college. Motta You had to find your own… Hattaway You had to find your own, you had to make your own way at that particular point in time. Motta Since you brought that up, I’m curious what you think about how this area—I probably can’t imagine what it was like when you were a kid.What do you think?How do you think it’s progressed?Are you… Hattaway I’m for growth.I’m growth.Opportunities.I mean, I had a farm, sold it a couple years ago up in Alabama, little town called Opp, Alabama.And it was heavy agriculture, farming area.And today—Opp, Alabama—you can take a shotgun down the main street and not hit a soul.There’s just nothing to do there.And that’s the way it was here.The growth has been really, really, to me, healthy.It’s been giving good opportunities to people having good jobs.Our way of life—there are no poor people in this community today.You see some not as well off as others, but everybody either has a television, or everybody has food on the table.Everybody has an opportunity to make something of themselves, you see, if they want to take that opportunity.And back then, there was no opportunities.You had to make it yourself.And today there’s many doors open for employment, and it’s not all agriculture.At that time, it was.But am I in favor of growth?Absolutely.Has it been good for this community?Absolutely.Has it been good for this state?Absolutely. Motta Is there anything that you see in this community, that you don’t find good about—like, obviously, there’s a lot of good growth brings, but is there anything you lament that has changed, or any nostalgia? Hattaway I think the one problem that we have in our community is that we have not been able to keep up with the road—the growth with our road network—and mainly because of the lack of proper leadership from the Legislature.We’ve never had the political voting power to be able to build a road network they have on the south coast, South Florida—they have on the west coast.And our group has been splintered—Democrat, Republican— and many times have not worked together to have the power base in Tallahassee to get the state dollars to build—FDOT [Florida Department of Transportation]—to build our community.So we’ve not done a good job on our roads.And you have one major road going through this entire community, from Daytona Beach into Tampa, and that’s I-4.Other than that, you have very limited roads.If it wasn’t for the East-West Expressway [SR 408], the [Central Florida] Expressway Authority, we wouldn’t have any roads.So that’s been a blessing to us, but I think that’s our biggest problem.Our growth has been handled with zoning—comprehensive land plan—where the commercial’s going to be built, where the residential’s going to be built—all those things, I think, have been handled very well.We have a great water system, sewer system in Central Florida.We have all the things conducive to solid development, except the roads.And you get on these roads, and you know what it’s like. Motta Yeah. Hattaway Gridlock. Motta But I’m kind of surprised to hear that—weren’t a lot of the old, like ‘70s, ‘80s, ‘90s, Florida Republicans, weren’t they kind of pro-growth and infrastructure?Wouldn’t they… Hattaway Well, when I was in the Legislature back in the ‘70s, the [Florida] House [of Representatives] and the [Florida] Senate was controlled by the Democrats, and the Republicans were along for the ride.And then, when power shifted chains, we didn’t see a lot of growth coming here.I mean, we’ve had—I don’t want you to write this. Motta What’s that? Hattaway [laughs] I don’t want you to write this.This is off the record on this one.Yeah. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/23288d20d38c0f7e671f6412e62d4b87.mp3" target="_blank">Oral History of Bob Hattaway</a> 7-Eleven Adult Toy Storage agriculture airports Altamonte Mall Altamonte Springs Apopka asparagus plumosus Barnett Bill Miller Bob Hattaway Bradshaw British Airways Casselberry Central Florida Expressway Authority Chapman Avenue Chapman Road Charlotte Hattaway Chicago, Illinois Christmas citrus Concord Avenue Continental Can Company Costa Rica Crescent City Daniel Motta Daytona Beach DeLand Democratic Party Democrats Dog Track Road Downtown Orlando Earl Vaughn East-West Expressway economic growth farming farms FDOT Fern Park ferneries fernery ferns Florida Department of Transportation Florida House of Representatives Florida Senate flower shops flowers Foley Greater Orlando Aviation Authority greenhouses Hattaway Hattaway Drive Hibbard Casselberry Holiday Travel Home Depot horticulture Howard McNelty infrastructure Jane Casselberry John Marcell John Rich Kay Kmart Lake Concord Lake Lotus Lake Orienta Larry Dale Lawton Chiles Lawton Mainor Chiles, Jr. leatherleaf fern Leonard Casselberry LHS Linda Chapin Linda Hook Lockhart Longwood Lyman High School Mahaffey Maitland Maitland Avenue Martha Casselberry moss mosses NAS Sanford Naval Air Station Sanford navel oranges New York nurseries nursery oak tree hammocks oak trees Opp, Alabama orange tees oranges Orienta Ferneries orlando Orlando International Airport Orlando-Sanford International Airport Pierson podocarpus price fixing Puerto Rico real estate Republican Parties Republicans Rick Hattaway Royal Ferneries Sanford saran shade cloth Seminole County Semoran Boulevard Shoemaker slat sheds Southwest Airlines sphagnum SR 408 SR 417 SR 436 SR 46 Tallahassee Tampa Toronto, Canada tropical plants UF University of Florida US 19-92 Ustler Valencia oranges Vaughn Greenhouses Virgin Atlantic Volusia County Walmart Walt Disney World weeding weeds Wekiva River Winter Garden Winter Park High School Wofford, Joe WPHS Zellwood zoning https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f47ead2530cef6ba8d19889bdb0eed40.jpg 3479d76e52b5afef42789e6bcd6fbbd6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sanford Baseball Collection Description Sanford entered the world of professional baseball in 1919 with the formation of the Class D Florida State League. In its inaugural season, the Celeryfeds won the first half pennant, finishing in a tie with Orlando for the best overall record. Although the league folded in 1928, it was revived in 1936, and once again included a team from Sanford called the Lookouts, which was part of the Senators family of clubs. This struggling team finally turned around when they acquired former Major League star, Dale Alexander, as manager and first baseman in 1939. In over 80 years of Florida State League history, no team has ever matched their .737 winning percentage that season. The next season, the Sanford Seminoles emerged as the city's baseball team. Contributor <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=108" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Alternative Title Baseball Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Baseball--Florida Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/14" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Curator Marra, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference McCarthy, Kevin. <a title="Baseball in Florida" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33102678" target="_blank">Baseball in Florida</a>. Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press, 1996. Singletary, Wes. <a title="Florida's First Big League Baseball Players: A Narrative History" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62872816" target="_blank">Florida's First Big League Baseball Players: A Narrative History</a>. Charleston, South Carolina: History Press, 2006. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 blueprint Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sanford Memorial Stadium Blueprint Alternative Title Stadium Blueprint Subject Baseball--Florida Baseball stadiums Sanford (Fla.) Ballparks Description Blueprint of Sanford Memorial Stadium created by local Sanford architect Elton J. Moughton. The Historic Sanford Memorial Stadium is located at 1201 South Mellonville Avenue in Sanford, Florida. The stadium was built on the original site of the Sanford Municipal Athletic Field, which was erected in 1926. Many Major League stars have played in the stadium including Babe Ruth, Jackie Robinson, Willie Mays, Tim Raines, and David Eckstein. Sanford Stadium is best known as the location where Jackie Robinson first took to the field in 1946 to play baseball as a member of a white Class AAA International League Team in Daytona Beach, Florida, which was partnered with the Montreal Royals. By the time Robinson took the field, however, the crowd ended up booing him off before he could play. The police chief had actually threatened to cancel the game if Robinson took the field. Sanford Stadium was also used as the Spring Training Facility of the Boston Braves in 1942 and the New York Giants in 1951. In 2001, the stadium was refurbished, costing $2 million. During the 2009, Sanford Stadium was the home of the Seminole County Naturals of the Florida Winter Baseball League, which suspended operations during the season due to lack of funding. As of 2013, the stadium served as the home of the Sanford Babe Ruth Baseball League and the Sanford River Rats of the Florida Collegiate Summer League. The ballpark features 415 box seats and 1,600 bleacher seats. Sanford entered the world of pro ball in 1919 with the formation of the Class D Florida State League. In its inaugural season, the Celeryfeds won the first half pennant, finishing in a tie with Orlando for the best overall record. Although the league folded in 1928, it was revived in 1936, and once again included a team from Sanford called the Lookouts, which was part of the Senators family of clubs. This struggling team finally turned around when they acquired former Major League star, Dale Alexander, as manager and first baseman in 1939. In over 80 years of Florida State League history, no team has ever matched their .737 winning percentage that season. The next season, the Sanford Seminoles emerged as the city's baseball team. Creator Moughton, Elton J. Source Original blueprint created by Elton J. Moughton. Memorial Stadium. July 24, 1950: <a title="Library and Archives" href="http://thehistorycenter.org/research/library" target="_blank">Library and Archives</a>, Orange County Regional History Center, Orlando, Florida. Date Created 1950-07-24 Is Part Of <a title="Library and Archives" href="http://thehistorycenter.org/research/library" target="_blank">Library and Archives</a>, Orange County Regional History Center, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/15" target="_blank">Sanford Baseball Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpeg Extent 110 KB Medium 1 blueprint Language eng Type Still Image Coverage Sanford, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.802701, -81.25551 Temporal Coverage 1950-07-24/2001-12-31 Accrual Method Donation Rights Holder Courtesy of the <a title="Orange County Regional History Center" href="http://thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a>. Copyright to this resource is held by the Orange County Regional History Center and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Marra, Katherine Digital Collection <a title="RICHES MI" href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a title="Orange County Regional History Center" href="http://thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> External Reference McCarthy, Kevin. Baseball in Florida. Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press, 1996. Singletary, Wes. Florida's First Big League Baseball Players: A Narrative History. Charleston, South Carolina: History Press, 2006. External Reference Title <a title="Baseball in Florida" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33102678" target="_blank">Baseball in Florida</a> <a title="Florida's First Big League Baseball Players: A Narrative History" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62872816" target="_blank">Florida's First Big League Baseball Players: A Narrative History</a> Transcript ELTON J. MOUGHTON A.I.A. ARCHITECHT SANFORD, FLORIDA MEMORIAL STADIUM FOR SANFORD, FLORIDA Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original blueprint created by Elton J. Moughton. Memorial Stadium. July 24, 1950. Audience Education Level SS.K.A.1.2; SS.K.A.2.5; SS.1.A.1.1; SS.2.A.1.1; SS.1.C.3.2; SS.2.C.3.2; SS.3.A.1.1; SS.3.A.1.2; SS.4.A.1.1; SS.5.A.1.1; SS.6.W.1.3; SS.8.A.1.5; SS.912.A.1.2; SS.912.W.1.3 Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Elton J. Moughton. baseball Blueprint Historic Sanford Memorial Stadium Mellonville Avenue Moughton, Elton J. New York Giants Sanford Memorial Stadium Sanford Municipal Athletic Field https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e19ffc54fb33d18c324ebc7d6aef39a6.jpg 19910f8f9003fd6ed7f152a69efbdeb6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection Alternative Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Subject Cemeteries--Europe Veterans--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Army Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. <a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Florida-France Soldier Stories Project</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Dinozé, France Contributing Project Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War</a>." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015). Description The Florida-France Soldier Storiesproject seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format Federal Document, Census Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Census Population Schedule for Precinct 27, Pensacola City, in Escambia County 1930-01-01 to 1930-12-31 Description The U.S. Census population schedule for Precinct 27, Pensacola City in Escambia County Florida, in 1930. Individuals are identified by name, titles and terms, gender, age, marital status, race, relationship to head of household, birthplace, birth year, the last place of residence, and occupation. A notable resident listed in this record is First Lieutenant Doyle Fleming Nee. He fought for the 367th fighter squadron and the 358th fighter group in World War Two. From Escambia County, Florida Nee attended Pensacola High School for four years. He married his high school sweetheart before joining the war effort at twenty one years old. Nee became a skilled airplane pilot and partook in many battles throughout France during his career. Nee's life came to an end on October 2, 1944 when a friendly airplane struck his plane, and he evacuated the aircraft without a parachute. Nee is buried in the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in France, where he rests alongside other fallen heroes. Date Created April 15, 1930 Coverage Precinct 27, Pensacola City in Escambia County Florida. First Lieutenant Doyle Fleming Nee. He fought for the 367th fighter squadron and the 358th fighter group in World War Two. From Escambia County, Florida Nee attended Pensacola High School for four years. He married his high school sweetheart before joining the war effort at twenty one years old. Nee became a skilled airplane pilot and partook in many battles throughout France during his career. Nee's life came to an end on October 2, 1944 when a friendly airplane struck his plane, and he evacuated the aircraft without a parachute. Nee is buried in the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in France, where he rests alongside other fallen heroes. Spatial Coverage 1351 North Tenth Avenue, Pensacola, FL 32503 Creator Mrs. L.C. Pillips Source Repository Ancestry.com Rights Holder Ancestry.com http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&db=1930usfedcen&h=102839924&tid=&pid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=ctH39&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true&rhSource=6224 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/17cffc465a074e8e596e5182deeb2460.pdf 542be1bb1e37520792348ef728b3a3f1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Patricia Black Collection Alternative Title Black Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Migration, Internal--United States Farm laborers Upstate New York (N.Y.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Madison (Fla.) Houses and homes Rochester (N.Y.) Description Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Language eng Type Collection Coverage Madison, Florida Sanford, Florida Rochester, New York Wayne County, New York Wolcott, New York Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page program Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Funeral Services for the Late Mrs. Leatha Walker Alternative Title Funeral Program for Leatha Walker Subject Sanford (Fla.) Funerals Churches--Florida Baptist Church Description Funeral Services program for Leatha Walker (1889-1976), the sister of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and the aunt of Patricia Ann Black (1956- ). The services were held on March 6, 1976, at the Mt. Moriah Primity Baptist Church, located at 1101 South Locust Avenue in Sanford, Florida. Reverend J. S. Snelling presided over the service. Leatha Black was born on August 17, 1889, in Sanford to Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca.1870-ca.1934). She had four brothers and two sisters: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Pilgrim Black (1905-2002), Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. As a child, she attended Seminole County Public Schools and was a member of the St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church. As an adult, she joined the Mt. Moriah Baptist Church under the pastorate of Reverend E. Bullard. Leatha married Reverend Robert Bradley and had one child with him, Reverend Israel Bradley Black (ca.1913-ca.2007). Several years later, Leatha married Reverend A. W. Walker and had four children with him: Joell Walker, Carrie Walker Oliver, Clementine Walker Barnes, and Harry Walker. Leatha was also a member of Rebecca Chapter 83 of the Order of the Eastern Star, a Freemason fraternal organization for both men and women. On February 26, 1976, Leatha Walker passed away at the Seminole Memorial Hospital, located at the corner of East First Street and Mellonville Avenue in Sanford. Her funeral services included speeches and performances by the Gospel Choir of the Hickory Avenue Church of God, Reverend P. Sanders, Reverend W. Brown, the Mt. Moriah choir, Deacon R. Zanders, Mother R. Wilson, Fernandina Beach, Sister Flossie Zanders, Mrs. Clyde Walker, and Reverend J.S. Snelling. Her remains were cared for by the Sanders Funeral Home and she was buried in the Light Foot Cemetery. Type Text Source Original program, 1976: Mt. Moriah Primity Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida: Private Collection of Patricia Black. Requires <a href='http://www.adobe.com/reader.html' target='_blank'>Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original program, 1976: Mt. Moriah Primity Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida. Coverage Mt. Moriah Baptist Church, Sanford, Florida Seminole Memorial Hospital, Sanford, Florida Creator Mt. Moriah Primity Baptist Church Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Date Created ca. 1976-03 Format application/pdf Extent 5.01 MB Medium 4-page program Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by the Mt. Moriah Primity Baptist Church and owned by Pilgrim Black. Inherited by Patricia Ann Black in 2002. Rights Holder Copyright to the resource is held by Patricia AnnBlack and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72/" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Crowley, John G. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47011340" target="_blank">Primitive Baptists of the Wiregrass South 1815 to the Present</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998. . Joiner, E. Earl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/348410" target="_blank">A History of Florida Baptists</a>. Jacksonville, Fla: Printed by Convention Press, 1972. Transcript FUNERAL SERVICES For The Late MRS. LEATHA WALKER MT. MORIAH PRIMITY BAPTIST CHURCH Sanford, Florida SATURDAY, MARCH 6, 1976 1:30 P.M. Rev. J.S. Snelling, Presiding Interment: Light Foot Cemetery Sanders Funeral Home in Charge BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Birth: August 17, 1889 Sanford, Florida to Harry and Maggie Black Education: Graduate of Seminole County School Marital Status: United in Holy Matrimony to Rev. Robert Bradley and to that union one child was born; Rev. Israel Black. After many years she was joined in Holy Matrimony to Rev. A. W. Walker and to this union four children were born. Church Affiliations: As a child she was a member of the St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church. Several years later, she joined the Mt. Moriah Primity Baptist Church under the pastorate of Rev. E. Bullard. Organizations: Order of Eastern Star Rebecca, Chapter No. 83. Expiration: Thursday, February 26, 1976 at the Seminole Memorial Hospital. She leaves to mourn her passing two daughters: Mrs. Carrie Oliver, Sanford, Fla., and Mrs. Clementine Barnes, Melbourne, Fla.; two sons: Rev. Israel Bradley Black and Harry Walker, both of Sanford, Fla.; one brother: Mr. Pilgrim Black, Sanford; two sisters: Mrs. Margaret Jones and Mrs. Harriett Lawson, Sanford; two daughters-in-law and two sisters-in-law, all of Sanford. Also, 19 grandchildren, 12 great grandchildren and a host of nieces, nephews, relatives and friends. PROGRAM Rev. J. S. Snelling, Presiding PROCESSIONAL SELECTION . . . . . . . . . . . Gospel Choir of Hickory Ave. Church of God SCRIPTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . Rev. P. Sanders INVOCATION . . . . . . . . . . Rev. W. Brown SELECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . Choir REFLECTIONS: As a Christian . . . . . . . . . . . Dea. R. Zanders As I Knew Her . . . . . . . . . . . Mother R. Wilson SELECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . Fernandina Beach Church of God RESOLUTIONS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF CARDS, TELEGRAMS and CONDOLENCES . . . . . . . . . Sis. Flossie Zanders SOLO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mrs. Clyde Walker EXPRESSIONS OBITUARY SELECTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . Choir EULOGY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rev. J. S. Snelling RECESSIONAL PALLBEARERS Order of Eastern Star Rebecca Chapter No. 83 FLOWER ATTENDANTS Order of Eastern Star Rebecca Chapter No. 83 IN APPRECIATION The family wishes to express thanks for all the acts of kindness extended to us during our hours of bereavement. May God bestow His richest blessings upon you. --The Walker Family Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Baptist Baptist Church Barnes, Clementine Beach, Fernandina Bigham, Patricia Ann Black Black, Harry Black, Israel Bradley Black, Leatha Black, Maggie Benjamin Black, Patricia Ann Black, Pilgrim Bradley, Robert Brown, W. Bullard, E. church funeral Gospel Choir Hickory Avenue Church of God Jones, Margaret Lawson, Harriett Light Foot Cemetery Mt. Moriah Primity Baptist Church Oliver, Carrie Order of the Eastern Star Rebecca Chapter No. 83 Sanders Funeral Home Sanders, P. Sanford Seminole County Public Schools Seminole Memorial Hospital Snelling, J. S. St. Paul Missionary Baptist Church Walker, A. W. Walker, Clyde Walker, Harry Walker, Leatha Black Wilson, R. Zanders, Flossie Zanders, R. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/29a04e0b7b91cd3d0efea67602fe201b.jpg 551fa29b6100186d2f4ce0a1ff4df5be Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from M. C. Muddleson to James D. Beggs, Jr. (January 16, 1941) Alternative Title Letter from Muddleson to Beggs (Jan. 16, 1941) Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Description A letter from M. C. Muddleson to Orlando Postmaster James D. Beggs, Jr., dated January 16, 1941. In the letter, Muddleson discusses plans for the dedication ceremony of the new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James D. Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen & Son. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Type Text Source Original letter from M. C. Muddleson to James D. Beggs, Jr., January 16, 1941: Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/157" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from M. C. Muddleson to James D. Beggs, Jr., January 16, 1941. Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Muddleson, M. C. Contributor Buck, Texann Ivy Date Created 1941-01-16 Format image/jpg Medium 1-page typewritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by M. C. Muddleson. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Texann Ivy Buck and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Stoddard, James Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck External Reference Kilsheimer, Joe. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/201942542" target="_blank">Old Post Offices Aid Revitalization Efforts</a>." AMERICAN CITY AND COUNTY. 119: 20-21. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. ceremonies ceremony dedications Downtown Orlando Downtown Orlando Post Office J. D. Beggs James D. Beggs, Jr. Jefferson Street M. C. Muddleson orlando Robinson Street https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f1eeee737c3efa4a3add901228d4125f.pdf 7bff07e691f9b2fadcc301bb7540cd5f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Historic Oviedo Colored Schools Museum Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla.); African Americans--Florida; Schools; Education--Florida; Segregation--Florida; Elementary schools--United States; Students--Florida Description In 2000, Gloria Godwin and Gracia Muller Miller began talking about a reunion for the Jackson Heights Elementary School, a colored school in Oviedo during segregation. Reunion Historian, Judith Smith, began to look for artifacts from that era and struggled to locate any pictures or other information. She put the word out amongst the former students, asking to borrow photographs or other materials related to the colored school. Immediately, items began to pour in, and the result was a book entitled: “A Written and Pictorial History of the Oviedo Area Colored Schools 1890-1967, Oviedo Elementary, Jackson Heights Elementary, Geneva, Wagner, Kolokee (Snowhill), Gabriella (Jamestown).” From there, the mission was born. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Kelley Muller-Smith Alternative Title Oral History, Kelley Muller-Smith Subject Oviedo (Fla.) African Americans--Florida Schools Education--Florida Segregation--Florida Elementary schools--United States Students--Florida Description An oral history interview of Kelley Muller-Smith, a Sanford native raised in Oviedo and professional singer. The interview was conducted by Dr. Connie Lester and Jessica Oldham over Zoom in Orlando, Florida, on July 28th, 2022. Some of the topics covered include Muller-Smith’s childhood and schooling in Oviedo and Jackson Heights Elementary School, now Jackson Heights Middle School, and the roles of her parents, her father, principal Stanley T. Muller, and her mother, music teacher Mae Frances Muller, in segregated Oviedo-area schools for African American students. Other topics include her memories of daily life at Jackson Heights Elementary School, the instruction of memorable teachers, the role of music in shaping Muller-Smith’s personal and professional life, her experiences traveling with different musical and performing arts groups, and her view on the importance of the future Historic Colored Schools Museum. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Early life and schooling in Oviedo 0:04:52 Segregation in Central Florida public schools 0:08:48 Role of music in personal and professional life 0:12:59 Dedication to Historic Colored Schools Museum 0:15:01 Stanley T. Muller and Mae Frances Muller’s legacy Abstract Oral history interview of Kelley Muller-Smith. Interview conducted by Connie Lester and Jessica Oldham through Zoom on July 28, 2022. Type Moving Image Source Muller-Smith, Kelley. Interviewed by Connie Lester and Jessica Oldham, July 28, 2022. Audio record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/226" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Historic Oviedo Colored Schools Museum Collection, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES. Has Format Digital transcript of original 19-minutes, and 15-seconds oral history: Muller-Smith, Kelley. Interviewed by Connie Lester and Jessica Oldham, July 28, 2022. Audio record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>, Orlando, Florida. Coverage Jackson Heights Middle School, Oviedo, Florida Robert Hungerford Preparatory High School, Eatonville, Florida Creator Muller-Smith, Kelley Lester, Connie Oldham, Jessica Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Date Created 2022-07-28 Date Copyrighted 2022-07-28 Format video/mp4 application/pdf Extent 390 MB 238 KB Medium 19-minutes, and 15-seconds audio recording 11-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Kellye Muller-Smith, Connie Lester, and Jessica Oldham and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Robison Jim. <a href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/796757419" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Around Oviedo</a>. Charleston South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing. 2012. Accessed November 4, 2022. "<a href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/796757419" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">1878 -1913 Black Schools in Seminole County." Parks and Preservation, Seminole County Government</a>.” Accessed November 4, 2022. The World Outside Reunion. “<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5258" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Written and Pictorial History of the Oviedo Area Colored Schools, 1890-1967</a>.” RICHES of Central Florida accessed November 4, 2022, https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5258. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/m0pb_Knj2hI">Oral History of Kelley Muller-Smith</a> Transcript Lester Today is July the 28 th, uh, 2022. I am Connie Lester. With me is Jessica Oldham and Kelley Muller-Smith. We are conducting this oral history via Zoom. So, Miss Muller-Smith, please state your name and tell us a little about where you're from and what life was like for you growing up. Muller-Smith Okay. My name is Kelley Muller-Smith, as you stated. I'm from Oviedo, Florida. That's my home. Reared in right there in Oviedo, born in Sanford. Um, life was absolutely great. We had a great community. We had great schools. Uh, we had great churches. Uh, it took the village to raise us and I'm so appreciative of that because it's helped to build me into the person that I am. So, life in Oviedo was absolutely the best. Did I answer you okay? Lester So, which schools did you attend in the Oviedo area, and can you talk about some of your favorite school memories? Muller-Smith Yes, I can. I only attended one school, and that was Jackson Heights Elementary, now Middle School.1 My favorite memories started in first grade. Um, my teacher had us to make aprons by hand for our finger-painting class. That was a big deal. And that also kind of launched my sewing interest which lasted throughout ha— after high school. Those were just great times. Our teachers were our parents away from home. I'll put it like that. Some of the other fond memories: uh, school lunches were always home-cooked meals and they were the best food on earth. Uh, also, playground time. I—I—I just loved it because we had all of these playground equipment toys. Merry-go-rounds, swings, see-saws. You—you just had fun, uh, for the time that we were outside. And then of course, the music classes with my mom on Fridays. Absolutely amazing. She taught us basic—uh, basic songs. A lot of patriotic songs. A lot of Christian songs. And I looked for a picture to show you of her with her elementary school course. I don't know where it is. But those were great memories. Just absolutely great. And being at the school with, uh, two of my dad's sisters, my aunts, and my dad and my mom, it was just like being at home. So again, it—it—it raised me away from the house. It—it instilled in me the values of education, of how to treat people. We—we were always taught there's a way to speak to adults. There's a way to speak to children. And when you are in the presence of adults, you address them, “yes ma'am,” “no ma'am,” “yes, sir,” “no, sir.” And I’m seventy-two and I still do that. So, those were great memories that I have not forgotten. Lester Did you have a favorite teacher and what qualities did he or she bring to the classroom? Muller-Smith Yes. My first-grade teacher and then my seventh-grade teacher, uh, Miss Houston [laughs]. She was amazing. Uh, she instilled in us the importance—you had to do all of your work in the classroom. All of your work. Uh, away from school, your homework had to be turned in. There were no excuses. Uh, and then of course, the music was first and foremost. I—I—I just love music. Um, but she would always demonstrate to us. We—we never misunderstood how she wanted the work done because she would always give a demonstration. If we were doing, uh, a history lesson, then she would say, “You have to get an encyclopedia. You have to look up the subject. You have to read it and write down the important facts.” So there were no excuses. And that kind of instruction just carried over throughout my life. If you got to do it, do it right, and do it well. Yes. Yes. Lester Central Florida schools remained segregated long after Brown v. Board decision. What was the first grade year that you attended a desegregated school and could you share some of your memories of that experience? Muller-Smith Yes. I was fortunate enough to start school at five years old. 1955. Uh, the law in Florida stated then that if you would turn six by the end of that year, then you could start school at age five, which I did. Um, I'm sorry, would you repeat your question [laughs]? Lester Sure. Um, what were—what was the first grade year that you… Muller-Smith Oh. Okay. Lester …desegregated school and could you share some of your memories? Muller-Smith Absolutely. Yes. It was first grade. Uh, 1955. I remember it well. Again, that teacher, and I can't call her name, uh, she was just so interested in all of us. She would find ways to help us better that gift that each student had, which I thought was amazing. Although the classes were not—the class was not very large, but she somehow knew us individually, not just as a student in her class. But she cared enough to find that little special something that would work for me and work for my classmates. And we just had a great time and we learned. We not only had fun, but—math was fun, which was not my favorite subject. But we—we learned the adding and subtraction and multiplication. And it was fun. She always made everything fun. But yeah, my—my first year was first grade, uh, and in 1955 there at Jackson Heights Elementary. Lester Okay. Was that an—an—an integrated school or was it… Muller-Smith No, it was not. Uh, in fact, integration did not happen until after I graduated eighth grade. The school went from first through eighth grade. Lester Mhmm. Muller-Smith And, um, it came—that—that's another story I'd like to share later. But I went from first to eighth grade in a, uh, segregated school. My dad’s school. Lester Okay. Muller-Smith Yeah. Lester Was that a difficult transition for you? Muller-Smith No, because—no, it wasn't, actually. Because when I finished eighth grade, I attended Orange County schools. I lived in Orange County during the week so that I could attend Hungerford High. And that was, uh, segregated as well. So the—the—the integration didn't come about until after I graduated in ’67. It was slowly opening in Oviedo. Um, I remember my dad had a very good relationship with, uh, Oviedo Elementary. Yes. Oviedo Elementary. I can't call his name now, but he was a man that everyone knew. And my father made it his business—being an educator, he made it his business to make sure that there was some kind of rapport. But, um, you know, it's interesting because, although I grew up in a segregated environment, when I did finish high school, there was no adjustment for me. Because I didn't—I was not taught one race was better than the other. We were all people, and we all—though we were separated, we were still God's people and He didn't make any mistakes. So you got along with whomever you were faced with. And the transition for me was easy. Yes. Lester It seems that music has played a significant role in your life. And how did Oviedo schools foster your musical talent and what other influences shaped your musical education? Muller-Smith Okay. It was my mom. I grew up in a home with music. My family, cousins, I didn't have sisters and brothers at that time. My family was all just music. Uh, we always sang around the piano. My mother played for both my dad's church and our church. She would always—uh, we had many what we call Easter Sunrise services there on one of the lakes there in Oviedo. And she was over that, for many, many years. Anything music in the community, it was Mae Frances Muller, my mother. Um, so, um, studying under her—started piano at six years old, and then in seventh grade she found a teacher for me in Orlando. So off we went every weekend to Orlando to take my piano lesson. So, it was always music. Um, it really, really made my life a lot easier because I just love it. When I finished high school, I went to Bethune-Cookman and sang in the famous Bethune-Cookman chorale at that time and then went to Peabody Conservatory of Music, where I majored as a vocal major. So—and I can't tell you how much music really, really means to me and inspires me. I've had the blessed opportunity to sing with the Memphis Symphony Chorus8 since 2004. Um, it's what I do. It's who I am [laughs]. Yes. Lester Well, can you tell us how, um—how this shaped your career opportunities and… Muller-Smith Yes. Yes, I can. When I got to Peabody that summer with my mom and her best friend, I was too late to audition for Peabody, so I stayed there and studied at the preparatory department of the conservatory and then I auditioned a year later, got accepted, studied, studied, studied, and was out for Christmas. And my choir director called me and said, “So and so was looking for a singer. He needs one mezzo-soprano and I told him about you, but you have to be in New York tomorrow.” I said, “Okay.” And I did audition and that's how my career started as a professional singer. Did that for over ten years with different companies. Um, it just—the music just shaped me and I knew that's what I wanted to do. So I studied as best I could, and it just opened up the doors for singing for me. Lester So, have you performed with, uh—with groups that, uh, people who are listening to this oral history might recognize? Muller-Smith Yes. I did a Broadway show on the road for nine months with Eartha Kitt. It was called Timbuktu!. That was amazing. I learned a lot. It was fun. It was hard work. We were on a plane on an average of every two weeks flying to the next city. So that was a great experience. There was also Disney World. I was one of the, uh, second—the second group, of Kids of the Kingdom. That's me. I don't know if you can see it, but there I am. Okay. That was three years. The Norman Luboff Choir, Robert De Cormier Singers. Uh, I did, uh, Hello Dolly! there— right there in Orlando at Once Upon a Stage Dinner Theater. That was great. Um, so it's—it’s been a journey. I'm just thankful for the opportunity that God has given me to do what I love the best. Yeah, it's been great. It's been great. Lester The oral history that you're giving us today will be archived in the Oviedo Colored Schools Museum. Muller-Smith Yes. Lester What are your hopes for that museum? Muller-Smith First of all, I want to say hats off to our President of the Board, uh, Judith Smith. She was given the vision to open this museum. And her goal, and our goal as board members, is to better educate the Oviedo and surrounding communities and, of course, anyone that would eventually visit the museum to learn the truth about the Black history of the educational system in our area. We've got a whole new group of people. They're younger and they have no idea—I've been told many times when I come home that a lot of people think Jackson Heights Elementary was always integrated. I mean Jackson Heights Middle School—that it's always been there. It's always been i—it's, uh, uh, integrated. They don't know about Oviedo Colored School and then Jackson Heights Elementary School. They have no clue. So, our goal is to better educate the community, the surrounding areas, so that they can just learn the truth. Uh, there's just so much history in that area and I'm proud to be able to say that it's my home. But there's a lot of history that has just never been known, uh, by this younger generation. And our goal is to get that information out there, so anyone that wants to can really know and learn the truth about the Black educational history of the Oviedo Colored Schools and that area. Lester Well, is there anything else you would like to add or expand on or any… Muller-Smith I would. I want to show you another picture. This is the only principal and his wife, the music teacher, of the Jackson Heights Elementary School. He was there—I don't even have the years because I was so little. But, again, I started in ’55. And shortly after I graduated, he—huh. Let me share this because I think you need to know. My dad was in a meeting in Tallahassee. Uh, a state education meeting. And he came home. His favorite thing to do was to get the paper and read the news. And in the Sanford Herald, there was an announcement that Jackson Heights Elementary School would be turned into Jackson Heights Middle School the following year. That's how he learned that he would not be the principal anymore of Jackson Heights. Isn’t that something? They gave him a position at the school board where he ended up working for a few years before he passed away. It broke—it broke his heart and broke our hearts, because I thought, “School board. You can't tell him? Write a letter? Make a phone call?” He read in the paper. I was sitting right there with him when it happened. So, I— I think those kinds of things need to be known because he was a great man. He— he believed in education of all people. He inspired a lot of young men and women. He especially believed in men being men, uh, dressing properly, taking their hats off when they're in the presence of a female or inside a building. You just don't carry yourself any kind of way. And he was able to, as I said, inspire a lot of people. I remember when Hurricane Donna came through our front yard. And he got out in that storm, went to the school, Jackson Heights, and opened it so that the people that didn't have adequate homes to live in during a storm could have somewhere to go. Because no one thought of us. But he is hardly known today. So that's something else that the museum is looking forward to try and make known. Lester Well, to make them better known, will you say your parents’ names? Muller-Smith Yes, I will. Stanley T. Muller. They called him Professor Muller. And May Francis Muller. My mother had seven schools when she started. She was called an “itinerant music teacher” in Seminole County. She had seven schools in one week. That's how she started. And she did it gladly. It's—it's—it's been a journey, but I'm thankful that—let me say this. I'm so thankful for your organization and what you all are doing to help us. This is phenomenal. And we won't stop until the dream has been completed. It’s ongoing. We want everyone to know the truth about the Oviedo Colored Schools of our area. Thank you for what you’re doing. Thank you. Lester This has been an oral history with Kelley Muller-Smith, conducted on July 28th , 2022, through Zoom, by Connie Lester and Jessica Oldham. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/66bd8378553ab8364efe38c3568b058b.jpg 9c6b9b77fd6c54cefea27f5f6e26106c Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format Photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title 1970 FTU Glass Menagerie Cast Description Pictured are the 4 cast members of the FTU's 1970 performance of the Tennessee Williams's "Glass Menagerie", one of the first play performed at the university Date Created 1970 Coverage 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 Spatial Coverage 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 Creator Muncaster, Jim Source University of Central Florida Theater Program Collection, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida. Source Repository University of Central Florida Special Collections Rights Holder University of Central Florida Special Collections Transcript Star Photo by Jim Muncaster Williams Play at FTU Linda Singer, left, as Laura shows tiny crystal figurine, left to right, Ron Fernee as Tom, her brother, Anne Lloyd as Amanda, her mother, and Jim Fay, the Gentleman Caller, in Florida Technological University's production of Tennessee Williams' "The Glass Menagerie" at tent theater on campus. Play will be presented Thursday through Saturday night. External Reference University of Central Florida Theatre Program Collection, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 12: Vol. 90, No. 3, Winter 2012 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 12 Subject Winter Park (Fla.) Description This episode features interviews with the guest editors of the special issue of the The Florida Historical Quarterly, Julian C. Chambliss and Denise K. Cummings, speaking about their article, "Florida: The Mediated State." The entire issue is dedicated to an examination of how cultural actors have defined the way that we imagine Florida through popular culture. Type Sound Source Original 17-minute and 8-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2012: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Colony Theatre, Downtown Winter Park, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Chambliss, Julian C. Cummings, Denise K. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2012 Date Issued 2012 Date Copyrighted 2012 Format audio/mp3 Extent 39.2 MB Medium 17-minute and 8-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Chambliss, Julian C., and Cummings Denise K. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264693" target="_blank">Florida: The Mediated State</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 3 (2012): 275-85. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264693. Meek, Alison. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264694" target="_blank">Murders and Pastels in Miami: The Role of 'Miami Vice' in Bringing Back Tourists to Miami</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 3 (2012): 286-305. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264694. Parker, David M. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264695" target="_blank">Is South Florida the New Southern California?: Carl Hiaasen's Dystopian Paradise</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 3 (2012): 306-23. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264695. Hailey, Charlie. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264696" target="_blank">Florida Porch Reverie</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 3 (2012): 324-30. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264696. Poole, Leslie Kemp. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264697" target="_blank">In 'Marjorie's Wake': A Film Voyage Into Florida's Nature Consciousness</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 3 (2012): 331-53. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264697. Rice, Jeff. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264698" target="_blank">Miami Stories</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 3 (2012): 354-61. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264698. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/gNJzRc1auk0" target="_blank">Episode 12: Vol. 90, No. 3, Winter 2012</a> Alison Meek Carl Hiaasen Charlie Hailey cinema Colony Theatre Cultural Actors Daniel S. Murphree David M. Parker Denise K. Cummings Downtown Winter Park FHQ films Florida Historical Quarterly Imagined Florida Jeff Rice Julian C. Chambliss Leslie Kemp Poole Marjorie's Wake Miami Miami Vice motion pictures movie theaters movies murders pastels popular culture porch porches South Florida Southern California stereotypes tourism tourists Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 14: Vol. 91, No. 1, Summer 2012 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 14 Subject Orlando (Fla.) World War II, 1939-1945 Prostitution--Florida Women--Florida Diseases--United States Description This episode features The Florida Historical Quarterly Assistant Editor Dr. Daniel S. Murphree’s interview of Professor Claire Strom, Rapetti-Trunzo Professor of History at Rollins College, about her article "Controlling Venereal Disease in Orlando during World War II." Her article is about Orlando's reaction and policies toward venereal disease and women's sexuality during World War II, and it was published in this issue of FHQ. Type Sound Source Original 12-minute and 33-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2012: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Orlando, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Strom, Claire <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2012 Date Issued 2012 Date Copyrighted 2012 Format audio/mp3 Extent 11.5 MB Medium 12-minute and 33-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Strom, Claire. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264824" target="_blank">Controlling Venereal Disease in Orlando during World War II</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 91, no. 1 (2012): 86-117. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23264824. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/IQGnbXn724c" target="_blank">Episode 14: Vol. 91, No. 1, Summer 2012</a> abstinence African Americans arrests civil liberties civil rights Claire Strom commercial sex crimes curfews Daniel S. Murphree FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly gender Jacksonville military modern Venereal Disease Month orlando pellagra prostitutes prostitution public health race relations research sailors sex workers sexuality sexually transmitted diseases sexually transmitted infections soldiers Solomon Kolack STD STI students syphilis trials VD venereal diseases women's history World War II WWII Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 15: Vol. 91, No. 2, Fall 2012 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 15 Subject Housing--Florida Hurricanes--Florida Construction Description This podcast features an interview with Matthew G. Hyland from Duquesne University, about This article "The Florida Keys Hurricane House: Post-Disaster New Deal Housing." The article, featured in this issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly, is about hurricane houses during the Great Depression in the Florida Keys. Type Sound Source Original 18-minute and 33-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2012: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Islamorada, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Hyland, Matthew G. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> <a href="https://sleepingpoliceman.bandcamp.com/" target="_blank">Sleeping Policeman</a> Date Created 2012 Date Issued 2012 Date Copyrighted 2012 Format audio/mp3 Extent 42.4 MB Medium 18-minute and 33-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Hyland, Matthew G. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/43487496" target="_blank">The Florida Keys Hurricane House: Post-Disaster New Deal Housing</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 91, no. 2 (2012): 212-47. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43487496. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/l8_a_D9DLRU" target="_blank">Episode 15: Vol. 91, No. 2, Fall 2012</a> 1935 Labor Day hurricane American Red Cross architecture cisterns construction Daniel S. Murphree direct relief disaster relief FDR Federal Emergency Relief Administration FERA FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly Florida Keys Florida National Guard Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt Great Depression hurricane houses Hurricane Monument hurricanes Islamorada Matthew G. Hyland Monroe County natural disasters New Deal Plantation Key poured concrete Sleeping Policeman Upper Matecumbe Key Vogelbird work relief Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 16: Vol. 91, No. 3, Winter 2013 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 16 Subject St. Augustine (Fla.) Explorers--Florida Diseases--United States Description For this episode, FHQ Assistant Editor Dr. Daniel S. Murphree interviewed Dr. Paul Hoffman, Paul W. and Nancy W. Murrill Professor of History at Louisiana State University. Professor Hoffman is the guest editor for this special issue, the first of a series of issues that re-examines the five hundred years of Florida history since the landing of Ponce de Leon in 1513. He is also the author of "The Historiography of Sixteenth-Century La Florida," which appeared in this issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly. This issue addresses Florida during the 16th century, and four more issues will be published over the next four years to re-examine subsequent centuries in Florida history. Type Sound Source Original 29-minute and 2-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2013: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage St. Augustine, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Hoffman, Paul <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2013 Date Issued 2013 Date Copyrighted 2013 Format audio/mp3 Extent 66.6 MB Medium 29-minute and 2-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Hoffman, Paul E. "The Historiography of Sixteenth-Century La Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 91, no. 3 (Winter 2013): 308-348. "The Historical Archaeology of Sixteenth-Century La Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 91, no. 3 (Winter 2013): 349-374. "Entangled Borderlands: Europeans and Timucuans in Sixteenth-Century Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 91, no. 3 (Winter 2013): 375-400. "Sixteenth-Century Florida in the European Imagination." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 91, no. 3 (Winter 2013): 401-418. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/a__8cow-pYE" target="_blank">Episode 16: Vol. 91, No. 3, Winter 2013</a> American Indians Amerindians archaeology borderlands cartography citrus colonialism colonies colonization colony Columbian Exchange conquerors conquistadors Daniel S. Murphree diseases domestication epidemic parotitis Europeans expeditions explorers feral hogs FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly flu Hernando de Soto indigenous influenza Jacksonville Jean Ribault John McGrath Jonathan DeCoster Juan Pardo Juan Ponce de León Kathleen A. Deagan La Florida legends measles mumps myths Native Americans oranges Paul Hoffman peach peaches Pedro Menéndez de Avilés pigs pox red plague resource exploration River of the Holy Spirit Santa Elena smallpox Spaniards Spanish Spanish Florida St. Augustine Timucua Timucuan Tristán de Luna y Arellano Variola vera Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 17: Vol. 91, No. 4, Spring 2013 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 17 Subject Waste management Description This podcast features an interview with Andrew Fairbanks and Dr. Christopher Meindl, about their article "Talking Trash: A Short History of Solid Waste Management in Florida," which appeared in this issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly. Christopher Meindl is Associate Professor of geography at the University of South Florida-St. Petersburg, and Andrew Fairbanks received This Master of Arts degree in Florida Studies at USFSP. Type Sound Source Original 25-minute and 58-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2013: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Meindl, Christopher Fairbanks, Andrew <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2013 Date Issued 2013 Date Copyrighted 2013 Format audio/mp3 Extent 59.4 MB Medium 25-minute and 58-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Fairbanks, Andrew, Jennifer Wunderlick, and Christopher Meindl. "Talking Trash: A Short History of Solid Waste Management in Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 91, no. 4 (2013): 526-557. "<a href="http://archive.flsenate.gov/data/Publications/2006/Senate/reports/interim_reports/pdf/2006-121ep.pdf" target="_blank">REVIEW OF THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT</a>." Florida Senate. http://archive.flsenate.gov/data/Publications/2006/Senate/reports/interim_reports/pdf/2006-121ep.pdf. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/Ed0HuARINTc" target="_blank">Episode 17: Vol. 91, No. 4, Spring 2013</a> Andrew Fairbanks Andy Fairbanks archival research biowaste Chris Meindl Christopher Meindl construction and demolition debris Daniel S. Murphree environmentalism FDEP FHQ Florida Department of Environmental Protection Florida Historical Quarterly garbage garbage dumps Gary Mormino Golden Age of Garbage Governance Good Company Tampa Bay Jennifer Wunderlich Kessler Consulting, Inc. laws legislation open dump inventory population growth Product Policy Institute recycling solid waste Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965 Solid Waste Management Act of 1988 suburban development suburbanization SWDA SWMA third pollution trash urban development urban sprawl urbanization wetland management wetlands Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 18: Vol. 92, No. 1, Summer 2013 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 18 Subject Army Description This podcast features an interview with Dr. Sam Watson, Professor of History at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, about This article "Conquerors, Peacekeepers, or Both? The U.S. Army and West Florida, 1810-1811, A New Perspective," which appeared in this issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly. This article is about the West Florida Rebellion of 1810. Type Sound Source Original 16-minute and 41-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2013: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Florida Parishes, French Louisiana Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Watson, Sam <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2013 Date Issued 2013 Date Copyrighted 2013 Format audio/mp3 Extent 38.2 MB Medium 16-minute and 41-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Watson, Sam. "Conquerors, Peacekeepers, or Both? The U.S. Army and West Florida, 1810-1811, A New Perspective." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 1 (Summer 2013): 69-105. Hyde, Samuel C. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035926" target="_blank">Introduction: Setting a Precedent for Regional Revolution: The West Florida Revolt Considered</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 2 (2011): 121-32. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035926. Belko, William S. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035928" target="_blank">The Origins of the Monroe Doctrine Revisited: The Madison Administration, the West Florida Revolt, and the No Transfer Policy</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 2 (2011): 157-92. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035928. Scallions, Cody. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035929" target="_blank">The Rise and Fall of the Original Lone Star State: Infant American Imperialism Ascendant in West Florida</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 2 (2011): 193-220. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035929. Cusick, James G. "<a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035927" target="_blank">Some Thoughts on Spanish East and West Florida as Borderlands</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 90, no. 2 (2011): 133-56. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23035927. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/SzIwMGS1Otw" target="_blank">Episode 18: Vol. 92, No. 1, Summer 2013</a> annexations Daniel S. Murphree expansion FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly Florida Military Florida Parishes James Madison law enforcement Louisiana Purchase West Florida marauding military interventions military police National Agents rebellions rebels Republic of West Florida Republicanism revolutions Sam Watson sovereignty Thomas Jefferson U.S. Army West Florida Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 19: Vol. 92, No. 2, Fall 2013 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 19 Subject Jacksonville (Fla.) Bradenton (Fla.) Courts--Florida Education--Florida Prisons--Florida Crime--Florida Description This episode features an interview with Attorney Richard S. Dellinger, who co-edited this special issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly on the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida. The issue is dedicated to the significant cases that have made it through the Middle District Court, which is celebrating its 50th anniversary. Type Sound Source Original 19-minute and 47-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2013: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Bryan Simpson United States Courthouse, Jacksonville, Florida Sam M. Gibbons U.S. Courthouse, Tampa, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Dellinger, Richard S. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2013 Date Issued 2013 Date Copyrighted 2013 Format audio/mp3 Extent 45.3 MB Medium 19-minute and 47-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Dellinger, Richard S. and Jon M. Philipson. "Introduction to the Symposium: Fifty Years of Central Florida History Through the Lengs of the Federal Courts." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 2 (Fall 2013): 179-182. Balderas, Olga. "The Complex Legacy of School Desegregation in Duval County." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 2 (Fall 2013): 215-226. Millcarek, Lauren. "History in More Than Black and White: The Story of One District Dudge Who Faced Down a Fiery Desegregation Controversy and Created a Lasting Legacy." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 2 (Fall 2013): 240-252. Price, Tara R. "You've Come a Long Way, Baby: Stripping Pornography From America's Workplaces." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 2 (Fall 2013): 261-275. Stewart, Brian M. "Lives Revisited: Drawing the Line Between History and Hollywood." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 2 (Fall 2013): 289-300. Eisenberg, Benjamin H. "A Speedbump on the Information Superhighway: Pushing Copyright Law into the Online Era." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 2 (Fall 2013): 337-350. Porcelli, Anthony E. "Crimes Defining Our Time: Notable Criminal Cases from the First Fifty Years of the Middle District of Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 2 (Fall 2013): 362-370. Shitama, Mariko K. "A Pioneer in Prison Reform: Costello v. Wainwright and its Paradoxical Legacy in Florida Prisons." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 2 (Fall 2013): 381-396. Sheppard, William J. "Early Jail and Prison Conditions Litigation in the Middle District Court." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 2 (Fall 2013): 419-425. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/jAOU-7_HF5w" target="_blank">Episode 19: Vol. 92, No. 2, Fall 2013</a> 8th Amendment 9/11 admiralty Andrea Gail attorneys Ben Krentzman Bradenton busing Carlos Enrique Lehder Rivas Carlos Lehder Claude R. Kirk, Jr. Claude Roy Kirk, Jr. cocaine Committee for State Security convictions copyright Costello v. Wainwright courts crimes criminal prosecutions cruel and unusual punishment Daniel S. Murphree desegregation Donnell Godfrey Donnie Brasco drug cartel drug trafficking drugs Eighth Amendment employment espionage FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly fraud George Trofimoff Harriet v. Board of Public Construction Harvest v. Board of Public Instruction of Manatee County inmates integration intellectual property IP Isaac Benjamin Krentzman, Jr. judicial branch KGB lawyers litigation Lou Pearlman Louis Jay Pearlman Manatee County Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno Manuel Noriega Medellín Cartel mental illness Mims v. Duval County School Board NAACP narcotics National Association for the Advancement of Colored People National Heritage Life Insurance Company Palestine Islamic Jihad Playboy Enterprise v. Frena pornography prison overcrowding prisoners prisons race relations racial violence Richard S. Dellinger Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards Sami Al-Arian Sami Amin Al-Arian Santo Trafficante, Jr. school districts schools segregation September 11 Attacks Shalom Weiss Sholam Weiss Skyway Bridge spying state prisons Supreme Court of the United States terrorism The Perfect Storm trial courts trials Tynev. Time Warner Entertainment Company U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida U.S. Supreme Court Wesley Snipes Wesley Trent Snipes William Terrell Hodges Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 20: Vol. 92, No. 3, Winter 2014 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 20 Subject Tallahassee (Fla.) St. Augustine (Fla.) Catholic Church--Florida Native Americans Piracy--United States Description This episode features an interview with Dr. Jane Landers, who was the guest editor of the Special Issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly that examines 17th-century Florida. This is the second of a six-part special issue that will examine the Quintessential of Ponce De Leon's first visit to Florida. Type Sound Source Original 18-minute and 43-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2014: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Mission San Luis de Apalachee, Tallahassee, Florida Castillo de San Marcos. St. Augustine, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Landers Jane <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2014 Date Issued 2014 Date Copyrighted 2014 Format audio/mp3 Extent 17.1 MB Medium 18-minute and 43-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Landers, Jane. "The Historiography of Seventeenth-Century La Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (2014). Landers, Jane. "The Geopolitics of Seventeenth-Century Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (2014). McEwan, Bonnie G. "The Historical Archaeology of Seventeenth-Century La Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (2014). Turner Bushnell, Amy. "'These people are not conquered like those of New Spain': Florida’s Reciprocal Colonial Compact." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (2014). Richbourg Parker, Susan. "St. Augustine in the Seventeenth Century: Capital of La Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (2014). "Pirate, Priest, and Slave: Spanish Florida in the 1668 Searles Raid." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (2014). McEwan, Bonnie G. "Colonialism on the Spanish Florida Frontier: Mission San Luis, 1656-1704." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (2014). Nuño, John Paul. "República de Bandidos: Challenges to Emergent Racial Hierarchies in the Florida Borderlands in the Early Nineteenth Century." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 2 (2015): 192-221. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/siUKzlGmTdU" target="_blank">Episode 20: Vol. 92, No. 3, Winter 2014</a> American Indians Amerindians Amy Turner Bushnell Bonnie G. McEwan Caribbean Sea Castillo De San Marco colonialism colonials colonies colonization colony Daniel S. Murphree declension FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly fortifications forts indigenous Jane Landers John Davis Mission San Luis de Apalachee missionaries missionary Native Americans New Spain Paul E. Hoffman piracy pirates raiding Robert Searle Roman Catholic Church Roman Catholicism Roman Catholics San Luis de Talimali Spain Spaniards Spanish Empire Spanish Florida Spanish missions St. Augustine Susan Richbourg Parker Tallahassee Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 21: Vol. 92, No. 4, Spring 2014 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 21 Subject Pensacola (Fla.) Slavery--Florida Description This episode features an interview with Matthew J. Clavin, Associate Professor of history at the University of Houston. Clavin is the author of Toussaint Louverture and the Civil War: the Promise and Peril of a Second Haitian Revolution. In this episode, Clavin spoke to us about This article "An 'underground railway' to Pensacola and the Impending Crisis over Slavery," published in the Spring 2014 issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly. Type Sound Source Original 18-minute and 51-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2014: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Pensacola, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Clavin, Matthew J. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2014 Date Issued 2014 Date Copyrighted 2014 Format audio/mp3 Extent 43.1 MB Medium 18-minute and 51-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Clavin, Matthew J. "An 'underground railway' to Pensacola and the Impending Crisis over Slavery." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 92, no. 4 (Spring 2014): 667-684. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/NiRsKYzp8-M" target="_blank">Episode 21: Vol. 92, No. 4, Spring 2014</a> abolition abolitionists Columbus Jones Daniel S. Murphree Deep South FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly Fort Barrancas Fort McRee Fort Pickens Fort San Carlos de Barrancas fugitive slaves John Brown Johnathon Walker labor Matthew J. Clavin Pensacola Pensacola Navy Yard race relations racism runaway slaves slave owners slave rebellions slave resistance slave revolts slave stealers slave trade slaveholders slavery SS Underground Railroad Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 22: Vol. 93, No. 1, Summer 2014 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 22 Subject Prohibition--United States Immigration Description This episode features an interview with Dr. Lisa Lindquist-Dorr, Associate Professor of History and Associate Dean, College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Alabama. She is the author of White Women, Rape, and the Power of Race in Virginia, 1900-1960, published by the University of North Carolina Press. She spoke to us about her article "Bootlegging Aliens: Unsanctioned Immigration and the Underground Economy of Smuggling from Cuba during Prohibition," published in the Summer 2014 issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly. Type Sound Source Original 19-minute and 16-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2014: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Florida Cuba Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Lindquist-Dorr, Lisa <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2014 Date Issued 2014 Date Copyrighted 2014 Format audio/mp3 Extent 26.4 MB Medium 19-minute and 16-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Lindquist-Dorr, Lisa. "Bootlegging Aliens: Unsanctioned Immigration and the Underground Economy of Smuggling from Cuba during Prohibition." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 1 (Summer 2014): 44-73. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/NJQRI8PzmGE" target="_blank">Episode 22: Vol. 93, No. 1, Summer 2014</a> 18th Amendment alcohols black markets bootleg Chinese immigrants Ching Jack Cognac communism communists Cuba Cuban Americans Cubans Daniel S. Murphree demographics distillers Eighteenth Amendment FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly Gordon's Gin Hennessy illegal immigration immigrants immigration immigration quotas Jacksonville Jas Hennessy & Co. Lisa Lindquist-Dorr migrations Pensacola Prohibition Red Scare rum smuggling spirits underground economy Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 23: Vol. 93, No. 2, Fall 2014 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 23 Subject U.S. Army Seminole War, 2nd, 1835-1842 Diseases--United States Description This episode features an interview with C. S. Monaco about This article in the Fall 2014 issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly titled "'Wishing that Right May Prevail': Ethan Allen Hitchcock and the Florida War." In this podcast, Monaco also discussed This current research on the Second Seminole War and the creative questions and debates that surround this period of Florida history. Type Sound Source Original 25-minute and 22-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2014: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Monaco, C. S. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2014 Date Issued 2014 Date Copyrighted 2014 Format audio/mp3 Extent 46.4 MB Medium 25-minute and 22-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Monaco, C. S. "'Wishing that Right May Prevail': Ethan Allen Hitchcock and the Florida War." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 2 (Fall 2014): 167-194. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/bik5mWyArgo" target="_blank">Episode 23: Vol. 93, No. 2, Fall 2014</a> Abraham American Indians Amerindians Andrew Jackson Battle of Ouithlacoochie Battle of Withlacoochee C. S. Monaco Creeks Daniel S. Murphree diaries diary diplomacy diseases Edmund P. Gaines Edmund Pendleton Gaines Ethan A. Hitchcock Ethan Allen Ethan Allen Hitchcock FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly Florida Wars indigenous James Gadsden John Bell malaria medicines military Native Americans Old Army Pascofa peace strategy Second Seminole War Seminole Wars Seminoles social history Tallahassee translators treaties treaty Treaty of Fort Gibson Treaty of Payne's Landing treaty-making U.S. Army U.S. Department of War W. A. Croffut Walker Keith Armistead William Augustus Croffut William J. Worth William Jenkins Worth William S. Harney William Selby Harney Winfield Scott Zachary Taylor Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 24: Vol. 93, No. 3, Winter 2015 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 24 Subject St. Augustine (Fla.) Crime--Florida Governors--Florida Colonialism American Revolution, 1775-1783 Description This episode features an interview with Dr. Sherry Johnson, who was the guest editor of the Special Issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly that examines the Eighteenth-century Florida. This is the third of a six-part special issue that will examine the Quincentennial of Ponce De Leon's first visit to Florida. Type Sound Source Original 34-minute audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2015: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage British East Florida St. Augustine, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Johnson, Sherry <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2015 Date Issued 2015 Date Copyrighted 2015 Format audio/mp3 Extent 62.2 MB Medium 34-minute audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Johnson, Sherry. "The Historiography of Eighteenth-Century Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (Winter 2014): 296-326. Schwartz, Susan. "James Grant, British East Florida, and the Impending Imperial Crisis, 1764-1771." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (Winter 2014): 327-353. Meide, Chuck. "'Cast Away off the Bar': The Archaeological Investigation of British Period Shipwrecks in St. Augustine." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (Winter 2014): 354-386. Smith, Roger. "The Failure of Great Britain’s 'Southern Expedition' of 1776: Revisiting Southern Campaigns in the Early Years of the American Revolution, 1775-1779." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (Winter 2014): 387-414. Cusick, James "Slanders and Sodomy: Studying the Past through Colonial Crime Investigation." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (Winter 2014): 415-445. Boucher, Diane. "Mayhem and Murder in the East Florida Frontier, 1783 to 1789." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (Winter 2014): 446-471. Harman, Joyce Elizabeth. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/124193" target="_blank">Trade and Privateering in Spanish Florida, 1732-1763</a>. St. Augustine, Fla: St. Augustine Historical Society, 1969. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/sBZ8z8GA-HY" target="_blank">Episode 24: Vol. 93, No. 3, Winter 2015</a> adaptation American Revolution American Revolutionary War Atlantic World British East Florida British Florida Carlos Antonio Pascual Francisco Javier Juan Nepomuceno José Januario Serafín Diego Carlos Howard cattle Charles III of Spain Charles IV of Spain Charles V of Sicily Charles VII of Naples Chuck Meide Citizen Genet citrus colonial colonialism colonists colonization crimes criminal investigations Cuban exiles Daniel S. Murphree defendants deviants Edmond-Charles Genêt Enlightenment Enrique White Ferdinand the Learned Ferdinand VI of Spain FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly French and Indian War frontiers Gálvez clan geography Henry O'Neil historical archaeology imperialism imperialists James Grant James Grant, Laird of Ballindalloch Joyce Elizabeth Harman Juan Nepomuceno de Quesada Juan Nepomuceno de Quesada y Barnuevo Arrocha merchants murders Patriot War politics prosecution Roman Catholics Second Spanish Period Seven Years' War Sherry Johnson shipwrecks slanders sodomy Southern Expedition Spanish America Spanish Court Spanish Monarchy Spanish sovereignty St. Augustine Susan Schwartz trade Vicente Manuel de Céspedes Vicente Manuel de Zéspedes violence War of Jenkins' Ear War of the Spanish Succession West Florida Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 25: Vol. 93, No. 4, Spring 2015 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 25 Subject Miami (Fla.) Overtown (Miami, Fla.) Highways Housing--Florida Description This episode features an interview with Dr. Robert Cassanello, looking back at the career of Dr. Raymond A. Mohl. Dr. Mohl passed away in earlier in the year and This obituary is featured in the Spring 2015 issue. This podcast includes a discussion about the impact of Dr. Mohl, as well as excerpts from an unaired 2011 interview with Dr. Mohl about interstate highway planning and protests. Type Sound Source Original 27-minute and 35-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2015: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Interstate 4, Florida Interstate 95, Overtown, Downtown Miami, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Cassanello, Robert Mohl, Raymond A. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2015 Date Issued 2015 Date Copyrighted 2015 Format audio/mp3 Extent 50.5 MB Medium 27-minute and 35-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Rose, Mark H., and Raymond A. Mohl. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/824850242" target="_blank">Interstate Highway Politics and Policy Since 1939</a>. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2012. Mohl, Raymond A., and Roger Biles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/742512287" target="_blank">The Making of Urban America</a>. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield, 2012. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/i1634xlBYSQ" target="_blank">Episode 25: Vol. 93, No. 4, Spring 2015</a> African Americans Arthur F. Burns Arthur Frank Burns BPR Daniel S. Murphree Derrick Hermanstorfer Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways Dwight David Eisenhower expressways Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1968 FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly Gerald N. Grob Harry S. Truman highway engineers historicism housing relocation I-4 I-95 Ike Eisenhower Interstate 4 Interstate 95 Interstate Freeway System Interstate Highway System Interstate System Liberty City Miami Miami-Dade County Overtown public housing public works projects race relations Raymond A. Mohl regional planning roads Robert Cassanello Robert Moses Thomas H. MacDonald U.S. Bureau of Public Roads urban planning urban renewal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 26: Vol. 94, No. 1, Summer 2015 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 26 Subject Women's rights--United States Description This episode features an interview with Laura E. Brock about her article in The Florida Historical Quarterly on the legislative fight for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) and the Florida Legislature in the 1970s, titled "Religion and Women's Rights in Florida: An Examination of the Equal Rights Amendment Legislative Debates, 1972-1982." Type Sound Source Original 20-minute and 30-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2015: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Florida State Capitol, Tallahassee, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Brock, Laura E. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2015 Date Issued 2015 Date Copyrighted 2015 Format audio/mp3 Extent 37.5 MB Medium 20-minute and 30-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Brock, Laura E. "Religion and Women's Rights in Florida: An Examination of the Equal Rights Amendment Legislative Debates, 1972-1982." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 1 (Summer 2015): 1-39. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) Episode 26: Vol. 94, No. 1, Summer 2015 ACA Affordable Care Act Arthenia Joyner Barack Hussein Obama II Barack Obama Barbara Palmer Bill McCollum Bob Graham Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Carolyn B. Maloney Carolyn Bosher Carolyn Maloney conservatives Cynthia Lummis Cynthia Marie Lummis Wiederspahn Daniel Alan Webster Daniel Robert Graham Daniel S. Murphree Daniel Webster Democratic Party Democrats Dempsey J. Barron Dempsey James Barron Elaine Boom Elaine Gordon Eleanor Weinstock Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson Emma Watson Equal Rights Amendment ERA federal overreach FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly Florida House Judiciary Committee Florida House of Representatives Florida Senate gay adoptions gay marriage gender equality GLBT Ira William McCollum, Jr. Janet Reno Janet Wood Reno Laura E. Brock lawsuits LGBT marriage equality Mary Louise Streep Medicaid Meryl Streep Obamacare Obergefell v. Hodges Pam Bondi Pamela Jo Bond Pastor Protection Act Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Pork Chop Gang PPACA progressives religions Religious Right representatives Republican Party Republicans Richard Lynn Scott Rick Scott Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan S.B. 110 S.B. 120 same-sex marriages Senate Bill 110 Senate Bill 120 Senators states' rights U.S. House of Representatives U.S. Senate women women's rights Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 27: Vol. 94, No. 2, Fall 2015 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 27 Subject Slavery--Florida Native Americans Description This episode features an interview with John Paul Nuño from California State University at Northridge about this article, "República de Bandidos: Challenges to Emergent Racial Hierarchies in the Florida Borderlands in the Early Nineteenth Century," published in this issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly. Type Sound Source Original 28-minute and 39-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2015: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Prospect Bluff Fort, Wewahitchka, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Nuño, John Paul <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2015 Date Issued 2015 Date Copyrighted 2015 Format audio/mp3 Extent 52.4 MB Medium 28-minute and 39-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Nuño, John Paul. "República de Bandidos: Challenges to Emergent Racial Hierarchies in the Florida Borderlands in the Early Nineteenth Century." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 2 (2015): 192-221. Landers, Jane. "The Historiography of Seventeenth-Century La Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (2014). Landers, Jane. "The Geopolitics of Seventeenth-Century Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 93, no. 3 (2014). Giddings, Joshua R. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3529923" target="_blank">The Exiles of Florida, or, The Crimes Committed by Our Government against the Maroons: Who Fled from South Carolina and Other Slave States, Seeking Protection Under Spanish Law</a>. Columbus, Ohio: Follett, Foster and Co., 1858. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/_ck-j5J8izU" target="_blank">Episode 27: Vol. 94, No. 2, Fall 2015</a> African Americans African Fort American Indians Amerindians Apalachicola River Black Seminoles Blount's Fort borderlands British Army British Post Claudio Saunt colonial colonialism colonization Creeks crimes criminality Daniel S. Murphree discourse Edward Nicolls FHQ First Seminole War Florida Historical Quarterly Fort Apalachicola Fort Gadsden forts Gulf of Mexico indigenous Jane Landers John Paul Nuño Joshua Reed Giddings militias Nathaniel Millett Native Americans Negro Fort Nicholls Fort Panton, Leslie & Company Pensacola Prospect Bluff Fort race relations runaway slaves Seminole Wars Seminoles slavery Spanish The Exiles of Florida Vicente Sebastián Pintado Wewahitchka Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 28: Vol. 94, No. 3, Winter 2016 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 28 Subject Slavery--Florida Native Americans Civil War, U.S., 1861-1865 Prisons--United States Description This podcast features an interview with Dr. James G. Cusick, the curator of the P. K. Yonge Library of Florida History at the University of Florida Library and author of The Other War of 1812: The Patriot War and the American Invasion of Spanish East Florida, published by the University of Georgia Press. He edited the special issue on the first part of the 19th century. In this podcast, Dr. Cusick discusses the authors and articles that appear in this issue. Type Sound Source Original 27-minute and 9-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2016: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Elmira Prison, Elmira, New York Andersonville Prison, Andersonville, Georgia Jacksonville, Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Cusick, James G. <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2016 Date Issued 2016 Date Copyrighted 2016 Format audio/mp3 Extent 258 MB Medium 27-minute and 9-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Cusick, James G. "The Historiography of Nineteenth-Century Florida." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 3 (2016): 295-319. O'Sullivan, Maurice. "Interpreting Florida: It's Nineteenth-Century Literary Heritage." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 3 (2016): 320-365. West, Patsy. "Abiaka, or Sam Jones, in Context: The Mikasuki Ethnogenesis Through the Third Seminole War." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 3 (2016): 366-410. Rizzi, Christine A. "'The Indians are Scattering, I Fear'": Mobility and Power in the Second Seminole War." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 3 (2016): 411-425. Clavin, Matthew J. "Runaway Slave Advertisements in Antebellum Florida: A Restrospective." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 3 (2016): 426-443. Saunders, Robert, Jr. "A Flower at Elmira: The Prisoner of War Diary of Wilbur Wightman Gramling." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 3 (2016): 444-475. Tingley, Charles A. "Another Invisible Man: Alexander H. Darnes, M.D." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 3 (2016): 476-508. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/K02BPY5-4xI" target="_blank">Episode 28: Vol. 94, No. 3, Winter 2016</a> Abiaka African Americans Alexander H. Darnes American Civil War American Indians Amerindians Andersonville Prison Andrew Jackson Camp Sumter Charles A. Tingley Christine A. Rizzi colonialism colonials colonies colonization colony Confederacy Confederates Daniel S. Murphree David Levy Yulee doctors Edmund Kirby Smith Elmira Prison ethnogenesis FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly freedman freedmen fugitive slaves Harriet Beecher Stowe Harriet Elisabeth Beecher Stowe Indian Removal Act indigenous Jacksonville James Fenimore Cooper James G. Cusick Jane Landers Jim Crow South Jules Gabriel Verne Jules Verne landscapes Larry Rivers literature Matthew J. Clavin Maurice O'Sullivan Miccosukee Mikasuki military Native Americans novels Osceola Patsy West physicians poetry POW prisoner camps prisoners Prisoners of War Reconstruction Robert Saunders, Jr. runaway slaves Sam Jones Second Seminole War segregation segregationists Seminole War Seminoles slavery Spanish Stephen Crane terrains Third Seminole War Union Walt Whitman Walter Whitman Wilbur Wightman Gramling Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts Collection Alternative Title FHQ Podcast Collection Description The Florida Historical Quarterly is the academic journal published four times per year by the Florida Historical Society in cooperation with the Department of History at the University of Central Florida. Each issue features peer-reviewed articles focusing on a wide variety of topics related to Florida history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Florida Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Burke, Mike Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." Florida Historical Society. https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly. "<a href="http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>." College of Arts and Humanities, University of Central Florida. http://fhq.cah.ucf.edu. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Episode 29: Vol. 94, No. 4, Spring 2016 Alternative Title Florida Historical Quarterly, Ep. 29 Subject Phosphate industry--Florida Mining--United States Description This podcast features an interview with Brad Massey, a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Florida, about his article on the Florida phosphate industry and the political controversy surrounding its arrangement with the Soviet Union in 1974. Type Sound Source Original 24-minute and 18-second audio podcast by Daniel S. Murphree, 2016: <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/184" target="_blank">Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Florida Creator Murphree, Daniel S. Publisher <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Contributor Massey, Brad <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Department of History</a> Date Created 2016 Date Issued 2016 Date Copyrighted 2016 Format audio/mp3 Extent 257 MB Medium 24-minute and 18-second audio podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Daniel S. Murphree and published by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/quarterly" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://myfloridahistory.org/default" target="_blank">Florida Historical Society</a> External Reference Massey, Nrad. "The Hammer, the Sickle, and the Phosphate Rock: The 1974 Political Controversy over Florida Phosphate Shipments to the Soviet Union." <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69023195" target="_blank">The Florida Historical Quarterly</a>. 94, no. 3 (2016). Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/nbUIgTc3NQU" target="_blank">Episode 29: Vol. 94, No. 4, Spring 2016</a> Afghanistan American Communist Labor Party ammonia Armand Hammer Bank of America Brad Massey cold war communism communists company towns convict leasing Daniel S. Murphree détente draglines Eastern Bloc embargos environmentalism environmentalists Ex-Im Bank Export-Import Bank FHQ Florida Historical Quarterly Ford Motor Company globalization Heinz Alfred Kissinger Henry Alfred Kissinger Henry Kissinger Hooker Chemical Company International Ore and Fertilizer Company Jefferson Lake Sulphur Company labor laborers mines mining Morocco Muammar Gaddafi Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar Gaddafi Nikita Khrushchev Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev Occidental Petroleum Corporation OPEC Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Osceola National Forest Oxy Peace River phosphate pollution price setting recycling Richard Bernard Stone Richard Milhous Nixon Richard Nixon Richard Stone Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan socialism socialists Soviet Union Soviet-Afghan War Soviets Stalinization strip mining Sunshine Skyway Bridge Disaster trade deals Union of Soviet Socialist Republics USSR World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4a8ced55bb046fc233318d12a683c0b8.jpg 03803279e4a7430c77a0b62bfab2c3e6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Passenger List Alternative Title List of Passengers Subject World War, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Description This passenger list for the Irénée Du Pont on October 8, 1942. Otis F. The Irénée Du Pont, which was an American Steam merchant C-2 class ship. Florida veteran, Otis Francis Potts, served on the Irénée Du Pont around 1942 as a Armed Naval Guard for the civilian vessel. The vessel visited places such as London, United Kingdom, Cape Town, South Africa, and Karachi, Pakistan, in its effort to supply the Allied forces with various goods at the Karachi Airfield. A U-boat sank the Irénée Du Pont on March 17, 1943. Otis Francis Potts, otherwise known as “Lucky,” was born on October 8, 1923, to Helen Merrit and Lester Potts. The family moved from his birthplace of Perry, Florida, to Washington, North Carolina, by 1930. Potts joined the United States Navy on September 19, 1941, in Raleigh, North Carolina. He served as a Naval Armed Guard for civilian transport and merchant ships, supplying the Allied war effort. Potts was discharged as Gunner’s Mate 3rd Class Petty Officer in 1945. After the war, he joined the construction business as a general contractor. He married Norma Kendall after the war, and they had a daughter in 1963. Potts passed away on April 26, 1996 and is buried in the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original passenger list. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage New York, New York Karachi, India Creator Murphy, James United States Department of Justice Publisher United States Department of Justice Date Created 1942-10-08 Format image/jpg Extent 350 KB Medium 1 passenger list Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by James Murphy and the United States Department of Justice and published by the United States Department of Justice. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Stoddard, James Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/">National Archives and Records Administration</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/834223370" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London [u.a]: Routledge, 2003. Bushnell Florida National Cemetery Irénée Du Pont Merchant Marine military history military service National Cemetery Administration Otis Potts passenger list veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War II World War, 1939-1945 WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/00b73269d687b825ce60da776dba44a3.jpg c1ce3646a9874fbc831ca257e8dfeef5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Fifteenth Census Population for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1930 Alternative Title Census, 1930 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Description The Fifteenth United States census records for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for 1930. The Census divides the population by categories of Name, age, sex, race, marital status, occupants and relation to head of house, whether the home is owned or rented, value of home or rent, whether home is a farm residence, whether the home has a radio, college attendance, literacy, birthplace and birthplace of parents, citizenship status, language spoken before coming to United States, year of immigration, occupation or business, class of worker, whether worked the previous day, military status, and war or expedition participated in. A notable resident listed in this record is John Buckheister. Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on September 6, 1929, Buckheister joined the United States Navy on January 10, 1950, five months before the start of full United States involvement in the Korean War. He served in both the Korean War and Vietnam War. After his service, he married Dorothea Mae Adams. Buckheister died on March 29, 1995, and is buried at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by James F. Murphy, April 9, 1930. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Creator Murphy, James F <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created 1930-04-09 Format image/jpg Extent 1.66 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by James F. Murphy and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Ortiz, Samuel Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.phmc.pa.gov/archives/Pages/default.aspx">Pennsylvania State Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. 1930 United States Census Bushnell census records Florida National Cemetery James F. Murphy John Buckheister Korean War, 1950-1953 literacy military history military service national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration Philadelphia, Pennsylvania population United States Navy veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program Vietnam War https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/46af594254bdc7b54200622cecb1b41f.pdf 5372da20ed17c48346e2c715002ee60b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Roger Hipel Collection Alternative Title Hipel Collection Subject St. Cloud, (Fla.) Description A collection of postcards from the private collection kept by Roger Hipel of St. Cloud, Florida. Language eng Accrual Method Donation Curator Williams, Rachel Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sugar Plantation Postcard Alternative Title St. Cloud East Lake Sugar Plantation Postcard Subject St. Cloud, (Fla.) Sugar Plantations Farming Description A postcard with a photo of a sugarcane plantation with grazing cattle on the edge of East Lake in St. Cloud, Florida. Hamilton Disston bought the land in the 1880s, which was originally swampland. Disston had the swamps drained and planted 1,000 acres of sugarcane along East Tohopekaliga Lake. Due to multiple winter freezes and national depression, the plantation folded by 1909, when the Grand Army of the Republic Association bought the old plantation land. On the back of the postcard is a handwritten message addressed to Herman [Haerleinp], Chief Gardener at the National Mil (Military) Home in Ohio. The message reads, "St. Cloud Fla 11-26-10. Dear Herman, Mrs. Woodin and I are having a lovely trip here in Florida. The climate is perfect, warm as June. We go from here to Orlando and other points early next week. Regards to all, Woodin". This postcard is part of a private collection kept by Roger Hipel of St. Cloud, Florida. Type Still Image Source Original 5 x 3 inch black and white postcard: Private Collection of Roger Hipel. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/228" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Roger Hipel Collection</a>, St. Cloud Collection, Osceola County Collection, RICHES. Coverage St. Cloud, Florida Creator N.E. Paper & Stationery Co. Publisher N.E. Paper &amp Stationery Co. Date Created ca. 1910 Date Copyrighted ca. 1910 Format application/pdf Extent 8.18 MB Medium 5 x 3 inch black and white postcard Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by N.E. Paper and Stationery Co. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Williams, Rachel Source Repository Private Collection of Roger Hipel External Reference Fisk, Robert A., and Jim Robison. Images of America: St. Cloud. Charleston: Arcadia Publishing, 2002, 7-8. east lake farming postcard Roger Hipel St. Cloud sugar sugar plantation https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/74b1087cf3c3f9675d3e44ce8874eb1f.jpg 0c68c7f58bfcf17c9833e6a9f1d81b90 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title John and Peter Nadzeika Alternative Title Nadzeika Brothers Subject Veterans--Florida Description Brothers John and Peter Nadzeika posing in front of a home. One of the brothers sits on the other's shoulders. The Nadzeika brothers were first generation American citizens whose parents came to America from Lithuania. The Nadzeika family settled in Morris County, New Jersey, and built a farm and tavern. The farm thrived in the 1930s, becoming so essential to the area that the United States Army gave the eldest Nadzeika brother an exemption from the draft for critical civilian work on the farm. The two younger brothers pictured both enlisted into the military in 1941, in the wake of World War II. John became a Merchant Marine, and Peter became a Tech 4 in the United States Army. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Still Image Source Digital reproduction of original black and white photograph. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Morris County, New Jersey Creator Nadzeika Family Publisher <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> Date Created ca. 1940 Format image/jpg Extent 80.3 KB Medium 1 black and white photograph Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Nadzeika Family and published by <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the Nadzeika Family and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository Nadzeika Family Personal Collection External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/834223370" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London [u.a]: Routledge, 2003. Bushnell Florida National Cemetery John Nadzeika military history military service National Cemetery Administration Peter Nadzeika veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5de67a4b2c5cfea1d67637395677fe0a.jpg 4242703f4eb48d2756579a9e1e1eeeab Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Jesse Cutler Collection Alternative Title Cutler Collection Language eng Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Description Collection of digital images, documents, and oral histories depicting the life and work of Jesse Cutler. Cutler has spent an illustrious career, beginning at age 12, as a musician, composer, actor, producer, and entrepreneur. Starting in New York City in the 1960s and then in Los Angeles from the early ‘70s through the late ‘90s, Jesse performed with his bands and in the original cast of Godspell on Broadway, made records that saw Billboard’s Top 100, formed his own companies and appeared on TV and radio and in national print. Subject Music--Florida Winter Park (Fla.) Godspell (Motion picture) Type Collection Coverage Winter Park, Florida Los Angeles, California New York, New York Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Personal Collection of Jesse Cutler External Reference "<a href="http://cityofwinterpark.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">City of Winter Park</a>." City of Winter Park, Florida. http://cityofwinterpark.org/. "<a href="http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">WINTER PARK HISTORY</a>." Winter Park History Museum, Winter Park Historical Society. http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/. Cutler, Jesse. "<a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/268957223" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Starlust : The Price of Fame</a>. Garden City, N.Y.: Morgan James Publishing. 2008. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/140" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Jesse Cutler on the Joe Franklin Show Alternative Title Cutler on the Joe Franklin Show Subject Music--New York (State)--New York--20th century Joe Franklin show Description A black and white photograph of a 13 year old Jesse Cutler on the Joe Franklin Show in New York City in 1964. Among the two men and two men seated with Cutler is Fannie Flagg, the author of Fried Green Tomatoes". On the back of the photograph is stamped text that says, "PLEASE CREDIT PHOTO TO AL NAIDOFF 1667 GRAND AVENUE BRONX, N.Y. 10053 TR 2 - 4627. NEG # A.S.M.P. MEMBER." A handwritten post it note is attached as well. Initially called the Executives, the band was formed in 1963 by Jesse Cutler (then known as Lou London), Ricky Shutter and Steve Wagner. The band signed to Mercury Records in 1964, where they recorded a hit single called "Everybody Do the Duck". That same year, the band appeared as guests on the Joe Franklin Show, Wonderama, The Clay Cole Show, American Bandstand, Hullaballoo and Shindig. Over the next two years they performed at charity events and private celebrity parties all over Long Island and New York City. They played in the company of the Rolling Stones, Sammy Davis Jr., Barbra Streisand, Anthony Newley, Joan Collins and the Beatles. The group broke up in 1966. Jesse Cutler has spent an illustrious career, beginning at age 12, as a musician, composer, actor, producer, and entrepreneur. Starting in New York City in the 1960s and then in Los Angeles from the early ‘70s through the late ‘90s, Jesse performed with his bands and in the original cast of Godspell on Broadway, made records that saw Billboard’s Top 100, formed his own companies and appeared on TV and radio and in national print. Creator Naidoff, Al Cutler, Jesse Source 1 original black and white photograph, 1964: Personal Collection of Jesse Cutler. Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Date Created ca. 1964 Date Copyrighted ca. 1964 Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/227" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Jesse Cutler Collection</a>, <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/140" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES. Format image/jpg Extent 3.86 MB Language eng Coverage New York City, New York Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Al Naidoff. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Jesse Cutler and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Jesse Cutler. External Reference Cutler, Jesse. "<a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/268957223" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Starlust : The Price of Fame</a>. Garden City, N.Y.: Morgan James Publishing. 2008. "<a href="http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">WINTER PARK HISTORY</a>." Winter Park History Museum, Winter Park Historical Society. http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/. <a href="http://cityofwinterpark.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">City of Winter Park</a>." City of Winter Park, Florida. http://cityofwinterpark.org/. Medium 1 black and white photograph Al Naidoff Fannie Flagg Jesse Cutler Joe Franklin Show Joseph Fortgang Lou London Louis Milo Gibaldi music musicians Patricia Neal The Young Executives https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9e00ab5f49db900d726f92703ecd562d.pdf 319c47f2eee4eb1004fb2be4cb526e0f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Roger Hipel Collection Alternative Title Hipel Collection Subject St. Cloud, (Fla.) Description A collection of postcards from the private collection kept by Roger Hipel of St. Cloud, Florida. Language eng Accrual Method Donation Curator Williams, Rachel Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Memorial Hall Postcard Alternative Title Zephyrhills Memorial Hall Postcard Subject Zephyrhills (Fla.) Description Postcard depicting Memorial Hall in Zephyrhills . This postcard is part of a private collection kept by Roger Hipel of St. Cloud, Florida. Type Still Image Source Original 5 x 3 black and white postcard: Private Collection of Roger Hipel. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/228" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Roger Hipel Collection</a>, St. Cloud Collection, Osceola County Collection, RICHES. Coverage Memorial Hall, Zephyrhills, Florida Creator Natural-Finish Publisher Gary &amp Thompson Contributor Natural-Finish Format application/pdf Extent 7.04 MB Medium 5 x 3 inch black and white postcard Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Gary &amp Thompson Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Williams, Rachel Source Repository Private Collection of Roger Hipel memorial hall postcard Roger Hipel Zephyrhills https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/cd2ee70a1bf4928f855b1d44d9665152.jpg 48e9085542226b4a1e71f2eea59eb129 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Report of Changes of Naval Aviation Cadet Selection Board, Seattle, Washington, June 1943 Alternative Title Naval Aviation Cadet Board Personnel List Subject World War, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Description The Report of Changes listing the Navy personnel for the Naval Aviation Cadet Selection Board in Seattle, Washington, in June 1943. The current location saw the personnel at the United States Receiving Station, United States Naval Training and Distribution Center (TADCEN) at Camp Elliott in San Diego, California. The form includes the names and ranks of the personnel. A notable person listed in the report is Raymond D. Nelson. Nelson was born to Danish immigrants in Brooklyn, Iowa, on August 9, 1920. On December 27, 1939, he joined the United States Navy. He reached the rank of Lieutenant Junior Grade by the time he retired on October 3, 1946. He served on the USS MacDonough and USS Birmingham. Nelson is buried at the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original report of changes. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Seattle, Washington Creator Naval Transportation Service Publisher Naval Transportation Service Date Created ca. 1943-06-30 Format image/jpg Extent 1.78 MB Medium 1 report of changes Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Naval Transportation Service. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Ortiz, Samuel Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C.</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/834223370" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London [u.a]: Routledge, 2003. Bushnell Des Moines, Iowa Florida National Cemetery military history military service national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration Naval Aviation Cadet Selection Board Navy Muster Roll Rank of Lieutenant Junior Grade Raymond Donald Nelson Seattle, Washington U.S.S. Birmingham U.S.S. MacDounough United States Navy veterans Veterans Administration World War II World War, 1939-1945 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7e2b62b1489c554fc6fe2f6a5120dca2.jpg 7d5b0885bf13f92045bc4b0c96ff34ef Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Daily Personnel Diary Alternative Title Muster Roll, United States Navy Subject World War, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Description Daily Personnel Diary for the USS Utina (ATF-163). The document includes gains, losses, miscellaneous, name, file or service number, rank or rating, change abbreviation, and description of and authority for change. A notable person listed is Denver Purtee. Born in Scioto, Ohio, on November 22, 1925, Purtee joined the United States Navy at 17 years old on December 4, 1942. He trained as a diesel operator in Chicago before being assigned to the USS Wyandot (AKA-92). When he retired from the Navy, Denver Purtee had reached the rank of Engineman Chief Petty Office. On June 17, 1948, he married Evelyn Irene George in Washington D.C. He passed away on November 15, 1991, and is buried at the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original daily personnel diary. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Creator Naval Transportation Service Publisher Naval Transportation Service Date Created 1948-12-15 Format image/jpg Extent 3.16 MB Medium 1 daily personnel diary Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Naval Transportation Service Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Ortiz, Samuel Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C.</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/834223370" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London [u.a]: Routledge, 2003. Bushnell Denver Purtee Florida National Cemetery military history military service national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration Navy Muster Roll United States Navy USS Utina (ATF-163) veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War II World War, 1939-1945 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c1da8ab61b2aeefb2eb3bf70c7d32bf1.jpg fa837348e21a72f9687b4e28b314878c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Report of Changes of U.S.S. Beaverhead (AK-161) Alternative Title U.S.S. Beaverhead Decommissioning Report Subject World War, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Description The Report of Changes listing the Navy personnel on the USS Beaverhead on March 8, 1946. The form includes the names and ranks of the personnel on board the final report. The Navy decommissioned the ship after more than a year of service in the Pacific. The ship eventually docked in Norfolk, Virginia. A notable person listed on the muster roll is John Andes. Andres was born in Paris, France, on August 9, 1926. After immigrating to Queens, New York with his parents, Andes enlisted in the United States Navy at the age of seventeen, with his parents’ permission. After his training, he received his assignment aboard the USS Beaverhead on January 3, 1945. The ship served in the Pacific until March 8, 1946. Initially starting as a Fireman Second Class (F2c), by the time of the ships decommissioning, Andres held the rank of Motor Machinist’s Mate Third Class (MOMM3). After the war, Andres returned to New York, marrying Joan Marguerite Keast having one son Jack and two daughters, Yvonne and Susette. He worked as an electrical engineer for Burroughs Corporation, one of the innovators in early computing technology. In 1988, he and his family moved from Elmont, New York, to New Port Richey, Florida. On May 12, 1996, Andres died at the age of sixty-nine. He is buried in the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original report of changes. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Washington, D.C. Creator Naval Transportation Service Publisher Naval Transportation Service Date Created 1946-03-08 Format image/jpg Extent 740 KB Medium 1 report of changes Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Naval Transportation Service. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Connolly, Lehman Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C.</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/834223370" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London [u.a]: Routledge, 2003. Bushnell Decommissioning report Florida National Cemetery John Marcel Andres military history military service muster roll national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration U.S.S. Beaverhead United States Navy USS Beaverhead veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War 1939-1945 World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d70a8ce6d296b51c3db822705de1c7dc.jpg 12b10a78bdd1bb119c5f0e5259e2a735 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Report of Changes of USS Springfield Alternative Title U.S.S. Springfield Personnel List Subject World War, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Description The Report of Changes listing the Navy personnel on the USS Springfield on September 9, 1944. The form includes the name, service number, rank, date and place of enlistment, and the branch of service for each person. A notable person listed in the report is Willard Kenneth Paeplow. Paeplow was born on June 6, 1926, in Buffalo, New York. On April 21, 1944, just before his eighteenth birthday, he joined the United States Navy, where he served until June 1947. During his enlistment, Paeplow served on the USS Springfield (CL-66). He was present when the ship escorted President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to the Malta Conference in January 1945. Paeplow enlisted in the United States Navy again in June 1964, and served another twenty-two years, before retiring in June 1986. He passed away on April 22, 1993, and is buried in the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original report of changes. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Creator Naval Transportation Service Publisher Naval Transportation Service Date Created 1944-09-09 Format image/jpg Extent 908 KB Medium 1 report of changes Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Naval Transportation Service. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Ortiz, Samuel Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/">National Archives and Records Administration</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/834223370" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London [u.a]: Routledge, 2003. Bushnell Decommissioning report Florida National Cemetery military history military service muster roll national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration U.S.S. Springfield United States Navy USS Springfield veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program Willard Kenneth Paeplow World War II World War, 1939-1945 WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2be88b44c5b58d84343c2184ff89ed53.jpg f9617e46bb4b5de72f4752026d423e09 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Personnel Diary Alternative Title Muster Roll, United States Navy Subject Korean War, 1950-1953 Veterans--Florida Description The Personnel Diary of the United States Navy, featuring the enlisted sailors on board the USS Paricutin. The muster roll lists the names, field or service number, ranking and change description on June 8, 1951. A notable person listed is Charles Bourcier (1928-1996). He is listed as an Aviation Machinist’s Mate (Engine Mechanic) 3rd Class, which involved maintaining aircraft engines and their related systems. Born on October 18, 1928, Bourcier grew up in Ludlow, Massachusetts. He joined the United States Navy on January 08, 1946, serving as an Aviation Machinist’s Mate 3rd Class. He was honorably discharged on November 7, 1948, and reenlisted on July 21, 1950. Bourcier served on-board the USS Princeton (CV37) and the USS Paricutin as an Aviation Machinist’s Mate (Engine Mechanic) 3rd Class. After his second discharge, Bourcier returned to his hometown in Massachusetts before moving to Central Florida, where he worked as a swimming pool maintenance man. During his time in Central Florida, he took an active interest in the Boy Scouts of America, serving as a district chairman, a member of the Central Florida Boy Scout Council, and a mentor and confidant for local youth. After divorcing his wife, Alcina, he married Melanie Gay Conway, whom he remained with for sixteen years before they divorced. However, a few months before his death, the couple remarried. Bourcier fathered nine children, his sons Daniel, Steven, Keith, and Anthony, and his daughters Denise, Charlene, Amy, Camille, and Chanin. On September 17, 1996, Bourcier passed away at the age of sixty-seven. The Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida placed a memorial headstone in his honor. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original daily personnel diary. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Creator Naval Transportation Service Publisher Naval Transportation Service Date Created 1951-06-08 Format image/jpg Extent 1.19 MB Medium 1 personnel diary Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Naval Transportation Service. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Connolly, Lehman Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/"> National Archives and Records Administration</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/834223370" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London [u.a]: Routledge, 2003. Bushnell Charles Bourcier cold war Florida National Cemetery Korean War military history military service national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration personnel diary United States Navy USS Paricutin veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6f94903e5dd356cce6966d6e68ce847d.jpg 58cab05409713c5229e6215dd6ea5f54 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Muster Roll of the Crew of the U.S. Navy Yard, Pearl Harbor, T.H. Alternative Title Muster Roll of the Crew of the US Navy Yard, Pearl Harbor, TH Subject World War, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Pearl Harbor (Hawaii) Description Page of the muster roll of the crew of the U.S. Navy Yard, in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The document lists the names, field or service number, present rating, date of enlistment, and first date received on board. The roll was compiled on June 30, 1942. A notable soldier listed in the document is Ralph Edward King (1920-1995). Born on May 2, 1920, in Sanford, Florida, King enlisted in the United States Navy on March 14, 1939. He was assigned to the Dobbin-class destroyer USS Whitney in Pearl Harbor by 1940. Approximately ninety percent of the crew were on board when the Japanese attacked on December 7, 1941. In January 1943, King and the USS Whitney were deployed into World War II. The Whitney returned to Pearl Harbor in January 1946, and sometime between then and October of the same year, King was transferred to the USS Deliver, a Diver Class Rescue and Salvage Ship. At the time of his discharge, King held the rank of Engineman Chief Petty Officer. He spent time as a Chief Engineer for the Merchant Marines. After leaving the Navy, King returned to Sanford and married his wife, Norma. In 1956, he moved to Lutz, Florida, where he would live out the rest of his days. King passed away on May 17, 1995, at the age of 75. He is memorialized at the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of the original muster roll. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Creator Naval Transportation Service Publisher Naval Transportation Service Date Created 1942-06-30 Format image/jpg Extent 2.82 MB Medium 1 muster roll Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally produced and published by the Naval Transportation Service. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Connolly, Lehman Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/">National Archives and Records Administration</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/834223370" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London [u.a]: Routledge, 2003. Bushnell Florida National Cemetery military history military service muster roll national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Ralph Edward King United States Navy United States Navy Yard USS Whitney veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War II World War, 1939-145 WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/71c176ce109b7a08a7aa6387d6ea4ee5.jpg 17aa522b3c898ee2a47b9e1b077478f5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title War Diary of William Eppright Alternative Title War Diary Subject World War, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Description The war diary of William Graf Eppright (1923-1945). The diary records Eppright's activity between August 8 and August 10, 1945, which was the date that he was killed in action. The document was declassified on December 31, 2012. Born on May 3, 1923, Eppright ran track in high school. On June 30, 1942, he registered for the draft. On October 1, 1942, he began his service in the United States Navy. He served in the Domestic Service and Foreign Service. On January 27, 1945, he married Mildred Anna Brady. In August of 1945, he was assigned to the USS Siboney. On August 10, 1945, the aircraft collided in the air, and Eppright was among the six pilots and crewmen presumed lost and killed in action. He is memorialized in Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original war diary. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage San Francisco, California Creator Naval Transportation Service Publisher Naval Transportation Service Date Created ca. 1945-08 Format image/jpg Extent 2.00 MB Medium 1 war diary Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Naval Transportation Service. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Ortiz, Samuel Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/">National Archives and Records Administration</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/834223370" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London [u.a]: Routledge, 2003. Bushnell Fleet Post Office Florida National Cemetery military history military service national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration San Francisco, California United States Navy USS Sibonky veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program War Diary William Graf Eppright World War II World War, 1939-1945 WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2bc87ea61a9e489f3597009a40258586.jpg 16ec6606dcf0c5822999470ec12dbce0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Over the Coffee Alternative Title Over the Coffee Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Archaeology--Florida Description A newspaper column published by The Oviedo Outlook on May 26, 1977. "Over the Coffee" was a weekly column by Donna Neely and Ralph Neely. This week's column discussed the work of archaeologist Dr. Ron Wallace of Florida Technological University (FTU) in Chuluota, renovations on Oviedo City Hall, the Florida Road Department, and handicap parking. The column also includes a quote by investor and statesman Bernard Baruch and poet Ralph Waldo Emerson. Type Text Source Original newspaper column: "Over the Coffee." The Oviedo Outlook, Vol. 4, No. 40, May 26, 1977, page 2: <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Is Part Of "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5659" target="_blank">The Oviedo Outlook, Volume 4, Number 40, May 26, 1977</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5659. <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper column: "Over the Coffee." The Oviedo Outlook, Vol. 4, No. 40, May 26, 1977, page 2. Coverage Florida Technological University, Orlando, Florida Chuluota, Florida Oviedo City Hall, Memorial Building, Downtown Oviedo, Florida Creator Neely, Donna Neely, Ralph Publisher The Oviedo Outlook Date Created ca. 1977-05-26 Date Issued 1977-05-26 Date Copyrighted 1977-05-26 Format image/jpg Extent 163 KB Medium 1 newspaper column Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Donna Neely and Ralph Neely and published by The Oviedo Outlook. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by The Oviedo Outlook and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. archaeological site archaeologist archaeology Bernard Baruch Bernard Mannes Baruch bone burial Chuluota city hall disability Donna Neely educator Florida Road Department Florida Tech Florida Technological University FTU handicap parking mound Over the Coffee Oviedo Oviedo City Hall parking pottery professor Ralph Neely Ralph Waldo Emerson road Ron Wallace sociology teachers The Oviedo Outlook https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a6c17d5d024b14cc1db5455bdaf89dbb.pdf 215d918588e9875413731cc2685dcee7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Began as Solaria's Wharf Alternative Title Oviedo Began as Solaria's Wharf Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Description The Oviedo Heritage, a supplement for The Oviedo Outlook, published on June 30, 1977. This article, by Donna Neely of the Oviedo Historical Society, chronicles the history of Oviedo, Florida. According to the article, Oviedo began on the south shore of Lake Jessup as a settlement called Solaria's Wharf. Some of its early settlers include Dr. Henry Foster, Joseph Watts, and Steen Nelson. Citrus and celery dominated the area's farmland, although Central Florida suffered a severe freeze in 1894. Oviedo suffered another disaster in 1914 when a fire wiped out much of the downtown section. Disaster hit again in 1929 with the Wall Street Crash and the beginning of the Great Depression. That same year, Oviedo's fruit crops were decimated by a fruit fly infestation. Another fire destroyed the Wheeler Fertilizer Plant in 1946. Nonetheless, Oviedo continued to grow, with new paved roads going to Geneva and Chuluota and the opening of the Citizens Bank of Oviedo in 1948. In 1949, Oviedo began receiving once-a-day bus service to Orlando from Greyhound Lines. By 1950, Oviedo was the second largest town in Seminole County, following Sanford. The Oviedo City Hall was built that same year and in 1968, Florida Technological University (present-day University of Central Florida) opened, bringing new residents to the area. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Neely, Donna. "Oviedo Began as Solaria's Wharf." The Oviedo Heritage, June 30, 1977: <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5702" target="_blank">The Oviedo Heritage '77, June 30, 1977</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5702. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Neely, Donna. "Oviedo Began as Solaria's Wharf." The Oviedo Heritage, June 30, 1977. Coverage Oviedo, Florida Lake Charm, Oviedo, Florida First Baptist Church of Oviedo, Oviedo, Florida First United Methodist Church of Oviedo, Oviedo, Florida Wheeler Fertilizer Plant, Oviedo, Florida Gwynn's Cafe, Oviedo, Florida Black Hammock, Oviedo, Florida Florida Technological University, Orlando, Florida Oviedo Railroad Depot, Oviedo, Florida Creator Neely, Donna Publisher The Oviedo Outlook Date Created ca. 1977-06-30 Date Issued 1977-06-30 Date Copyrighted 1977-06-30 Format application/pdf Extent 1.23 MB Medium 1 newspaper article Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Donna Neely and published by The Oviedo Outlook. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by The Oviedo Outlook and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. 4th of July ACL Andrew Aulin, Sr. Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company bank Black Hammock Black Tuesday Broadway Street bus celery Central Avenue Chicago boys Citizens Bank of Oviedo citrus doctor Donna Neely Downtown Oviedo fertilizer industry fire First Baptist Church of Oviedo First United Methodist Church of Oviedo flies Florida Technological University fly Fourth of July freezes fruit flies fruit fly FTU Great Crash Great Depression Greyhound Lines, Inc. groves Gwynn Gwynn's Cafe Henry Foster Independence Day infestation J. B. Jones J. B. Jones and Brothers Jones Grocery Jonnie Conley Joseph Watts July 4th July Fourth Lake Charm Lake Jessup Lake Jessup Settlement Lee and Todd Real Estate Company medical care OHS Old Time History of By Gone Days of Lake Jessup Settlement oranges orlando Oviedo Oviedo City Hall Oviedo Historical Society Oviedo Railroad Depot Peters Shoes physician R. W. Estes railroads ration SAL Seaboard Air Line railroads Seminole County settler Solaria's Wharf Spencer's Store Steen Nelson Stock Market Crash of 1929 Sweetwater Park T. L. Mead The Oviedo Heritage The Oviedo Outlook Theodore Luqueer Mead Wall Street Crash of 1929 Wheeler Fertilizer World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/cb8208de20438eb8c6c59b8f4b81ca98.jpg 71a2bf3259ac5329a374140491970383 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Something to Think About: Rape Ruling a Travesty Alternative Title Rape Ruling a Travesty Subject Seminole County (Fla.) Rape--Florida Crime--Florida Description A newspaper article published by The Oviedo Outlook on May 26, 1977. The article discusses a recent ruling by Circuit Judge Robert McGregor regarding a rape case in the Seminole-Brevard Circuit Court. According to the article, Judge McGregor dismissed sexual battery charges against a convicted rapist because the victim did not resist "to the degree that the law expects." Larry Neely, the author of the article, argues that the ruling is in appropriate and that victim's rights should be respected. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Neely, Larry. "Something to Think About: Rape Ruling a Travesty." The Oviedo Outlook, Vol. 4, No. 40, May 26, 1977, page 2: <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Is Part Of "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5659" target="_blank">The Oviedo Outlook, Volume 4, Number 40, May 26, 1977</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5659. <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Neely, Larry. "Something to Think About: Rape Ruling a Travesty." The Oviedo Outlook, Vol. 4, No. 40, May 26, 1977, page 2. Coverage Seminole County Criminal Justice Center, Sanford, Florida Creator Neely, Larry Publisher The Oviedo Outlook Date Created ca. 1977-05-26 Date Issued 1977-05-26 Date Copyrighted 1977-05-26 Format image/jpg Extent 190 KB Medium 1 newspaper article Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Larry Neely and published by The Oviedo Outlook. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by The Oviedo Outlook and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="http://statelaws.findlaw.com/florida-law/florida-rape-laws.html" target="_blank">Florida Rape Laws</a>." FindLaw. http://statelaws.findlaw.com/florida-law/florida-rape-laws.html/ armed robbery court crime judge justice Larry Neely law law enforcement police rape robbery Robert McGregory Seminole County Seminole-Brevard Circuit Court sexual assault sexual battery The Oviedo Outlook victim victim's rights Woman's rights https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5c29bf2dd2d2d85cd8c3c8eb91e0465d.jpg f2999417ff84b4826921e7cf56b3bb6a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Citizens Bank Founded in 1946 Alternative Title Citizens Bank Founded in 1946 Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Banks and banking--Florida Description The Oviedo Heritage, a supplement for The Oviedo Outlook, published on June 30, 1977. This article chronicles the history of the Citizens Bank of Oviedo, which Originally opened on East Broadway Street on July 2, 1946. The land on which the bank sits was Originally the Bill Browning celery farm. The Citizens Bank of Oviedo took in over half a million dollars in deposits on its first day, with B. F. Wheeler as president, C. R. Clonts as vice president, and Charles Shaffer as the cashier. In 1949, the bank moved to the Memorial Building, which is located at 38 South Central Avenue. On March 25, 1974, the Citizens' Bank of Oviedo reopened at 156 Geneva Drive. The bank is now the Citizens' Bank of Florida with locations throughout Seminole County. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Neely, Larry. "Citizens Bank Founded in 1946." The Oviedo Heritage, June 30, 1977: <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Is Part Of "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5702" target="_blank">The Oviedo Heritage '77, June 30, 1977</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5702. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Neely, Larry. "Citizens Bank Founded in 1946." The Oviedo Heritage, June 30, 1977. Coverage Citizens Bank of Oviedo, Oviedo, Florida Creator Neely, Larry Publisher The Oviedo Outlook Date Created ca. 1977-06-30 Date Issued 1977-06-30 Date Copyrighted 1977-06-30 Format image/jpg Extent 258 KB Medium 1 newspaper article Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Larry Neely and published by The Oviedo Outlook. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by The Oviedo Outlook and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. "<a href="http://www.geocities.ws/krdvry/hikeplans/oviedo/planoviedo.html" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Trail</a>". Steve Rajtar. http://www.geocities.ws/krdvry/hikeplans/oviedo/planoviedo.html. Andrew Duda, Jr. Andy Duda, Jr. B. F. Wheeler, Sr. banking banks Ben Jones Benjamin Franklin Wheeler, Sr. Broadway Street C. R. Clonts Citizens Bank of Oviedo F. W. Talbott J. H. Lee John Hiram Lee Larry Neely Lawton Elementary School Olliff's Barber and Style Shop Oviedo Oviedo City Hall Oviedo High School Pot Latch S. F. Long T. W. Lawton T.W. Lawton Elementary School The Oviedo Heritage The Oviedo Outlook Thomas Willington Lawton W. G. Kilbee W. J. Martin World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/47c26cb1cf043de01c64d58758752b06.pdf 501f17b7834c27ae868fbf6079c000f3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title History Harvest Collection Alternative Title History Harvest Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Schools Elementary schools Grammar schools High schools--Florida Description The Student Museum Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Student Museum History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2013. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford High School, Sanford, Florida Westside Grammar Elementary School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Grammar School, Sanford, Florida Student Museum, Sanford, Florida UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a> <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page report card Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sanford Grammar School Report Card for Christine Kinlaw, 1964-1965 Alternative Title Sanford Grammar School Report Card Subject Sanford (Fla.) Elementary schools--United States Grammar schools Report cards Fifth grade (Education)--United States Schools Description Sanford Grammar School report card for fifth-grader Christine Kinlaw during the 1964-1965 school year. Students were evaluated by Elizabeth Neiman in subjects such as reading, language, spelling, handwriting, social studies, arithmetic, science, health education, physical education, music, art, and Spanish. The principal for that school year was Freeman E. Baggett. Located at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, Sanford Grammar School was originally established as Sanford High School in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on Sanford Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. In 1984, the building was placed on the National Registry of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. The building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012. In 1927, a high school campus was designed by Elton J. Moughton in the Mediterranean revival style and constructed at 1700 French Avenue. The school reopened on January 10 and was renamed Seminole High School. In 1960, the high school moved to a new campus at 2701 Ridgewood Avenue and the former building on French Avenue was converted to Sanford Junior High School, which was later renamed Sanford Middle School. The old building was demolished in the summer of 1991 and replaced by a $5.77 million school complex. As of 2013, Seminole High School offers various Advanced Placement courses, the Academy for Health Careers, and the International Baccalaureate Programme for students. Creator Neiman, Elizabeth Source Original report card by Elizabeth Neiman: Private Collection of Christine Kinlaw-Best. Date Created ca. 1964-1965 Contributor Kinlaw-Best, Christine Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original report card by Elizabeth Neiman. Is Referenced By <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/1667" target="_blank">Kinlaw-Best, Christine</a>. Interviewed by Mark Miller. UCF Public History Center, HAR 1063414P. March 2, 2013. Audio/video record available. <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Format application/pdf Extent 319 KB Medium 4-page report card Language eng Type Text Coverage Sanford Grammar School, Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Elizabeth Neiman. Inherited by Christine Kinlaw-Best. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Christine Kinlaw-Best and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> History Harvest, Spring 2013 Curator Chaney, Robert Miller, Mark Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. "<a href="http://www.seminolehs.scps.k12.fl.us/" target="_blank">Seminole High School</a>." Seminole High School, Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.seminolehs.scps.k12.fl.us/. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Transcript Seminole County Public Schools Sanford Grammar School Sanford, Florida SCHOOL YEAR 1964-1965 REPORT OF Christine Kinlaw GRADE Fine TEACHER Elizabeth Neiman[?] PRINCIPAL Freeman E. Baggett TO PARENT OR GUARDIAN: You are urged to study carefully this report of your child's progress in terms of educational, physical, social and emotional growth. conferences with the principal and teacher will help to understand your child better and to plan together for his continuous development. Please arrange conferences in advance. After making a careful study of the information this report contains, please sign the card in the space indicated and return it promptly. R.T. MILWEE Superintendent of Public Instruction COMMENTS 1ST SIX WEEKS Christine is doing good work and enters into classroom discussion well. 2ND SIX WEEKS 3RD SIX WEEKS 4TH SIX WEEKS PARENT'S SIGNATURE 1ST SIX WEEKS Mrs. Stinson Kinlaw 2ND SIX WEEKS Mrs. Stinson Kinlaw 3RD SIX WEEKS 4TH SIX WEEKS Mrs. Stinson Kinlaw 5TH SIX WEEKS Mrs. Stinson Kinlaw 6TH SIX WEEKS Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/73" target="_blank">Seminole County Public Schools Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository Private Collection of Christine Kinlaw-Best 7th Street Baggett, Freeman E. grammar school Kinlaw-Best, Christine Kinlaw, Christine Kinlaw, Stinson Milwee, R. T. Neiman, Elizabeth Sanford Sanford Grammar School school Seminole County Public Schools Seventh Street https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/866aa546205f74c7455ff7412c45a444.mp3 807418cfada2020c592f957c7bd16bb0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 13 minutes and 43 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 25: The Railways of Central Florida Alternative Title Railways of Central Florida Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Railroads--Florida Oakland (Fla.) Winter Garden (Fla.) Description Episode 25 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: The Railways of Central Florida. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 25 centers on the history of railways in Central Florida and includes an interview with Phil Cross, historian for the National Railway Historical Society and host for the Central Florida Railroad Museum. Abstract In this podcast, Nicholas Niemi speaks with Phil Cross, Historian for the National Railway Historical Society and host for the Central Florida Railroad Museum. As Phil is a Central Florida native with over fifty years of experience in research, he is a wealth of knowledge on this subject. He is currently working on a book on the Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 13-minute and 43-second podcast by Nicholas Neimi, February 27, 2012: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 25: The Railways of Central Florida." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Winter Garden, Florida Oakland, Florida Creator Neimi, Nicholas Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Cross, Phil Date Created ca. 2012-02-27 Format audio/mp3 Extent 12.6 MB Medium 13-minute and 43-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Nicholas Neimi and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.nrhs.com/about" target="_blank">About The National Railway Historical Society</a>." National Railway Historical Society. http://www.nrhs.com/about. Bramson, Seth. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49513191" target="_blank">Speedway to Sunshine: The Story of the Florida East Coast Railway</a>. Erin, ON: Boston Mills Press, 2003. "<a href="http://www.wghf.org/cfrailroad" target="_blank">Central Florida Railroad</a>." Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. http://www.wghf.org/cfrailroad. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 25: The Railways of Central Florida</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477. Mulligan, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/225874809" target="_blank">Railroad Depots of Central Florida</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2008. Murdock, R. Ken. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38291666" target="_blank">Outline History of Central Florida Railroads</a>. Winter Garden, Fla: Central Florida Chapter, National Railway Historical Society, 1997. Turner, Gregg M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/184906141" target="_blank">A Journey into Florida Railroad History</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2008. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/866aa546205f74c7455ff7412c45a444.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 25: The Railways of Central Florida</a> Date Copyrighted 2012-02-27 Date Issued 2012-02-27 Is Referenced By "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 1: Preview</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477. Brooksville Central Florida Railroad Museum CFRM citrus citrus industry City of Winter Garden Cross, Phil documentary historian historic preservation historic restoration historical society Killarney Murphee, Daniel S. museum National Railway Historical Society Neimi, Nicholas NRHS Oakland orange county podcast preservation railroad restoration RICHES Podcast Documentaries Speer, James G. Spring Lake Tavares and Gulf Railroad Company Tildenville West Orange County WGHF Winter Garden Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Winter Garden Music Fest https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/744095484267cbbeb1704d19b7769c15.jpg 3f09d3bdb7a35e7c11bd2a6992402810 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection Alternative Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Subject Cemeteries--Europe Veterans--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Army Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. <a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Florida-France Soldier Stories Project</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Dinozé, France Contributing Project Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War</a>." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015). Description The Florida-France Soldier Storiesproject seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sixteenth Census Population Schedule for Lake County, Election Precinct 19 Description The U.S. Census population schedule for Election Precinct 19 just outside of Tavares, Florida, in 1940. Individuals are identified by name, titles and terms, gender, age, marital status, race, relationship to head of household, birthplace, birth year, the last place of residence, and occupation. A notable resident listed in this record was Major Jack Cameron Heist (1919-1944), who appears on row 71. Maj. Heist was born to Henry S. Heist and Christina Heist on November 6, 1919, in Eustis, Florida. He received his commission on May 29, 1941, to serve in World War II. Maj. Heist was an Ammunition Officer for the XIX Corps. He died during his service in an ambush on September 2, 1944, near Thiant, France. He is currently buried at the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France. Maj. Heist is one of 85 Florida residents interned at Epinal. Coverage Tavares, Florida Creator Nelliauis, Marion M. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: <ul class="one_column_bullet"><li>reproduce the work in print or digital form</li> <li>create derivative works</li> <li>perform the work publicly</li> <li>display the work</li> <li>distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending.</li> </ul> This resources is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105" target="_blank">Section 5</a> of <a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html" target="_blank">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. External Reference "<a href="http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/liberation-de-thiant-l-histoire-bouleversante-du-ia27b36952n2369051" target="_blank">Libération de Thiant</a>." La Voix Du Nord. http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/liberation-de-thiant-l-histoire-bouleversante-du-ia27b36952n2369051. "<a href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=heist&GSiman=1&GScid=1991677&GRid=56372930&" target="_blank">Maj Jack C Heist</a>." Find A Grave. http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=heist&GSiman=1&GScid=1991677&GRid=56372930& . "<a href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4441134/the_wilkesbarre_record/" target="_blank">Local Men in Armed Forces</a>." The Wilkes-Barre Record, December 24, 1942, page 6. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4441134/the_wilkesbarre_record/. Alternative Title Census Population Schedule for Lake County, Election Precinct 19 Subject Tavares (Fla.) Census--United States Population--United States Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Marion M. Nelliauis, April 23, 1940. <a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VTH1-65N" target="_blank">https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VTH1-65N</a>. Publisher <a href="http://www.census.gov/" target="_blank">Bureau of the Census</a> Date Created 1940-04-23 Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/172" target="_blank">Epinal American Cemetery Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpg Extent 531 KB Medium 1 census record Language eng Type Text Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Marion M. Nelliauis and published by the <a href="http://www.census.gov/" target="_blank">Bureau of the Census</a>. Contributing Project Epinal Cemetery Project Curator Almanza, Esteban Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://familysearch.org/" target="_blank">FamilySearch</a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives & Records Administration</a> Anna Polak Arthur H. Ashford Bernice Bennett Billie Heist C. R. Cross Carol Conklin Carrie B. Hagan census Christina Heist Clark H. Formby Donna J. Bennett Election Precinct 19 Ella English Ella J. Hagan Emma H. Atkinson Florence Starkey Frances L. Formby Frank Polak Gertrude L. Mathias Graden Bennett Harris B. Gdunn Harris B. Gdunn, Jr. Helen I. Formby Henry S. Heist J. W. Hagan, Jr. Jack Cameron Heist Jimmy Bennett Joan Bennett Joanne Starkey John E. Polak June Conklin Katie Schwudt Lake County Pauline Taylor Pearl A. Ashford population Rosa Gdunn Tavares Tedie A. Formby Tommy Bennett Virginia Starkey William B. Mathias William Schwudt https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b9b9786ce9603ad0467a7c5a75662232.pdf cccf7cf711374b29e3cd5ba3823f5b63 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Nelson and Company Collection Alternative Title Nelson and Co. Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla.); Agriculture--Florida; Celery; Packing-houses--United States Description The Nelson and Company Packing Plant was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Nelson and Company Bound Ledger - Black Hammock Alternative Title Nelson and Co. Ledger - Black Hammock Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Agriculture--Florida Celery Packing-houses--United States Description A bound ledger for the Nelson and Company Packing Plant covering the Black Hammock region from May 23, 1936 to November 13, 1948. The ledger inlcudes transactions with Sanford Atlantic, the Citizens Bank of Oviedo, J.D. Jinkius, O.P. Herndon, and Doudrey. The company was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Type Text Source Original 188-page bound ledger: Private Collection of Nelson and Company. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/225" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES. Coverage Nelson and Company, Oviedo, Florida Creator Nelson and Company Publisher Nelson and Company Date Created ca. 1936-05-23 Date Copyrighted ca. 1936-05-23 Format application/pdf Extent 196 MB Medium 188-page bound ledger Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Nelson and Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Nelson and Company and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Nelson and Company. External Reference “<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Packing Plant</a>.” RICHES of Central Florida accessed March 24, 2022, https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638. “<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Historic District</a>.” National Archives Catalog. Nomination Form or other documents related to National Register listing. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/db1b621716a319c25fce5a76a170c312.pdf e402a04c9db29588c92f9244c04a651e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Nelson and Company Collection Alternative Title Nelson and Co. Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla.); Agriculture--Florida; Celery; Packing-houses--United States Description The Nelson and Company Packing Plant was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Nelson and Company Bound Ledger - Black Hammock Alternative Title Nelson and Co. Ledger - Black Hammock Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Agriculture--Florida Celery Packing-houses--United States Description A bound ledger for the Nelson and Company Packing Plant covering the Black Hammock region from November 18, 1913 to May 23, 1936. The ledger inlcudes transactions with W.H. Browning, W.A. Beasly, Davis and Giles, E.A. Douglas, Clerk of Circuit Court, the Citizens Bank of Oviedo, the National Bank of Jacksonville, United States Mortgage and Trust Co., and First National Bank of Sanford. The company was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Type Text Source Original 89-page bound ledger: Private Collection of Nelson and Company. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/225" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES. Coverage Nelson and Company, Oviedo, Florida Creator Nelson and Company Publisher Nelson and Company Date Created ca. 1913-11-18 Date Copyrighted ca. 1913-11-18 Format application/pdf Extent 653MB Medium 89-page bound ledger Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Nelson and Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Nelson and Company and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Nelson and Company. External Reference “<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Packing Plant</a>.” RICHES of Central Florida accessed March 24, 2022, https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638. “<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Historic District</a>.” National Archives Catalog. Nomination Form or other documents related to National Register listing. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f8b0988076909bf94fe5d3d1e3cc8994.pdf 1143cb15866222f049cb3c57b40a911c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Nelson and Company Collection Alternative Title Nelson and Co. Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla.); Agriculture--Florida; Celery; Packing-houses--United States Description The Nelson and Company Packing Plant was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Black Hammock Drainage District of Orange County, Florida, March 1913 Alternative Title The Black Hammock Drainage District of Orange County, Florida Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Agriculture--Florida Description The Black Hammock Drainage District of Orange County, Florida, for March 1813, Topics covered include text of the drainage laws of Florida, advertisement for letting contract, engineer's report, committee's report, general information, specifications, estimates, plans of the system, profiles, cross sections, legal description of the lands, total acreage, commencement, route, and terminus of the canals and ditches, form of contract, and form of bond to be executed. Type Text Source Original 25-page paperback book: Private Collection of Nelson and Company. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/225" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES. Coverage Nelson and Company, Oviedo, Florida Creator Nelson and Company Publisher Reporter-Star Publishing Company, Orlando, Florida Date Created ca. 1913-03 Date Copyrighted ca. 1913-03 Format application/pdf Extent 211 MB Medium 25-page paperback book Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Reporter-Star Publishing Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Reporter-Star Publishing Company and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Nelson and Company. External Reference “<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Packing Plant</a>.” RICHES of Central Florida accessed March 24, 2022, https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638. “<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Historic District</a>.” National Archives Catalog. Nomination Form or other documents related to National Register listing. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d1d85794ffc4cbc0fe8dd1525ab8be65.pdf 8234e39a6cf32125ed4d9d38686c2b72 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Nelson and Company Collection Alternative Title Nelson and Co. Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla.); Agriculture--Florida; Celery; Packing-houses--United States Description The Nelson and Company Packing Plant was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Descriptions Locating Canals & Ditches, Salt Creek System Alternative Title Descriptions Locating Canals and Ditches Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Agriculture--Florida Description A four-page packet of descriptions locating canals and ditches for the Salt Creek System in Lake Jesup, Florida, from 1913. Lake Jessup is one of the largest lakes in Central Florida, one of many that make up the St. Johns River. Type Text Source Original 4-page packet: Private collection of Nelson and Company. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/225" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES. Coverage Salt Creek, Lake Jessup, Oviedo, Florida Creator Nelson and Company Publisher Nelson and Company Date Created ca. 1913 Date Copyrighted ca. 1913 Format application/pdf Extent 48.5 MB Medium 4-page packet Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Nelson and Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Nelson and Company and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Nelson and Company. External Reference “<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Packing Plant</a>.” RICHES of Central Florida accessed March 24, 2022, https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638. “<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Historic District</a>.” National Archives Catalog. Nomination Form or other documents related to National Register listing. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/697b8585982aad2316e3f40a707b0ee1.pdf 227c65698d8bdba46389e85d9348296b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Nelson and Company Collection Alternative Title Nelson and Co. Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla.); Agriculture--Florida; Celery; Packing-houses--United States Description The Nelson and Company Packing Plant was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title List of Outstanding Tax Certificates in Black Hammock Drainage District from Creation of District to February 17, 1939 Alternative Title List of Outstanding Tax Certificates in Black Hammock Drainage District Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Agriculture--Florida Description A list of outstanding tax certificates in Black Hammock Drainage District from the creation of the district to February 17, 1939. The 67-page report was compiled for the Black Hammock bond trustees. The information includes the tax sale date, certificate number, the drainage tax, total taxes, Type Text Source Original 67-page report and envelope: Private Collection of Nelson and Company. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/225" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES. Coverage Black Hammock Drainage District, Oviedo, Florida Creator Nelson and Company Publisher Nelson and Company Date Created ca. 1939-02-17 Date Copyrighted ca. 1939-02-17 Extent 1.42 GB Medium 67-page report and envelope Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Nelson and Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Nelson and Company and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Nelson and Company. External Reference “<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Packing Plant</a>.” RICHES of Central Florida accessed March 24, 2022, https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638. “<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Historic District</a>.” National Archives Catalog. Nomination Form or other documents related to National Register listing. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ae666153c8a50b5ce9b7efa30f32add2.pdf 1418fd9f61f58c48be2c37e2162458e0 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/37d1287b2c75adf20c955ac343bca06c.pdf 1418fd9f61f58c48be2c37e2162458e0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Nelson and Company Collection Alternative Title Nelson and Co. Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla.); Agriculture--Florida; Celery; Packing-houses--United States Description The Nelson and Company Packing Plant was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Special Drainage District Bond Alternative Title Black Hammock Drainage District Bond Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Agriculture--Florida Celery Packing-houses--United States Description A special drainage district bond for the Black Hammock Drainage District. The $500 bond with 6 per cent interest is dated January 1st, 1930, and the principal due January 1st, 1938. The principal and interest are payable at the Bank of Oviedo or at any other place designated by the Board of County Commissioners. The company was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Type Text Source Original 2-page special drainage district bond: Private Collection of Nelson and Company. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/225" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES. Coverage Nelson and Company, Oviedo, Florida Creator Nelson and Company Bank of Oviedo Publisher Nelson and Company Bank of Oviedo Date Created 1930-01-01 Date Copyrighted 1930-01-01 Format application/pdf Extent 78.2 MB Medium 2-page special drainage district bond Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Nelson and Company and Bank of Oviedo. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Nelson and Company and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Nelson and Company. External Reference “<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Packing Plant</a>.” RICHES of Central Florida accessed March 24, 2022, https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638. “<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Historic District</a>.” National Archives Catalog. Nomination Form or other documents related to National Register listing. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b025435ff03bb3e1e8d2874dbb8edebf.pdf bf7a1a58ac3e8c3bb4882abfd32b91e4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Nelson and Company Collection Alternative Title Nelson and Co. Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla.); Agriculture--Florida; Celery; Packing-houses--United States Description The Nelson and Company Packing Plant was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Citizens Bank of Oviedo Checkbook Alternative Title Citizens Bank of Oviedo Checkbook Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Agriculture--Florida Celery Packing-houses--United States Checks--United States Banks and banking--Florida Description A Citizens Bank of Oviedo checkbook from Nelson and Company containing stubs made out to various recipients, many of which include Riverside hospital. The dates of the written checks range from April 15, 1948, through May 8, 1948. The company was originally founded by Steen Nelson and Gus Nelson and called Nelson Brothers. The company changed its name to Nelson and Company after it became a three-way partnership between the brothers and Benjamin Franklin Wheeler. In 1923, Wheeler became sole owner after buying out the company. The 80-acre historic district was incorporated in September of 2001 and encompasses four of Nelson and Company's historic buildings. Type Text Source Original 18-page checkbook: Private Collection of Nelson and Company. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/225" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES. Coverage Nelson and Company, Oviedo, Florida Creator Nelson and Company Bank of Oviedo Publisher Nelson and Company Bank of Oviedo Date Created 1948-04-15 Date Copyrighted 1948-04-15 Format application/pdf Extent 13.6 MB Medium 18-page checkbook Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Nelson and Company and Bank of Oviedo. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Nelson and Company and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Nelson and Company. External Reference “<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Packing Plant</a>.” RICHES of Central Florida accessed March 24, 2022, https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5638. “<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Nelson and Company Historic District</a>.” National Archives Catalog. Nomination Form or other documents related to National Register listing. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77843984. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/efe3924d9493e13b2981f6e6acf6a113.jpg 6f9b3fe16395e20d80ba2a1e958a654f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Fifteenth Census Population for Medina Village, Orleans County, New York, 1930 Alternative Title Census, 1930 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Description The Fifteenth United States Census records for Orleans County, Medina Village, New York, for 1930. The census divides the population into categories of name, age, sex, race, marital status, occupants and relation to head of house, whether the home is owned or rented, value of home or rent, whether home is a farm residence, and whether the home has a radio. It also records college attendance, literacy, birthplace and birthplace of parents, citizenship status, language spoken before coming to United States, year of immigration, occupation or business, class of worker, whether they worked the previous day, military status, and the war or expedition participated in. A notable resident listed in this record is John J. Munson (1916-1996). Munson was born in 1916 in Medina, New York. After attending the Naval Academy, Munson enlisted in the United States Navy during World War II. After the war, he worked as an attaché to the Kremlin. He left the Navy with the rank of Captain and worked for the Aerospace Technical Institute in 1968. Munson passed away on June 7, 1996, and is buried at the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Natalie Newell, April 10, 1930. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Medina Village, New York Creator Newell, Natalie <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created 1930-04-10 Format image/jpg Extent 1.75 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Natalie Newell and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Ortiz, Samuel Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.archives.nysed.gov/">New York State Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. 1930 United States Census Bushnell census records Florida National Cemetery John Jared "J.J." Munson literacy Medina Village military history military service Natalie Newell National Cemetery Administration Orleans County population veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War II World War, 1939-1945 WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/501ae8f8d12d50f11027258216f7ce70.pdf 040b939af2d09c8f2e90208290a45ede Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection Alternative Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Subject Cemeteries--Europe Veterans--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Army Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. <a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Florida-France Soldier Stories Project</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Dinozé, France Contributing Project Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War</a>." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015). Description The Florida-France Soldier Storiesproject seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Article Regarding John Hancock's Division Description Sgt. John B Hancock was born in 1913 in Georgia. He was enlisted into the 179th Infantry Regiment in the 45th Division. He was enlisted and trained in Georgia and Florida. He participated in the Africa campaign in 1943. After this campaign, he participated in the invasion of Sicily. During this time, he was able to infrequently communicate with people back home. He then went on the storm the Italian Peninsula. After fighting through 1944, he was injured in Southern France. After recovering from his minor wounds, he fought through 1944. On November 1, 1944, he went missing in action. He was eventually buried in Epinal Cemetery in Dinoze, France. Date Created ca. 1940s Coverage Africa and Italy Creator Newspaper Source Linda Hughes's scrapbook Source Repository Linda Hughes's scrapbook Rights Holder Linda Hughes https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0bca3f0da7b254d6a5e598a0fe617b46.jpg 5577938a4abeef64e47dd12eb7ca7575 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/634cb26a10f6531e4991626fc6159231.jpg 2af8bd147ac7c621a5e9f7d990d29e4c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Application for Seaman’s Certificate of American Citizenship Alternative Title Application for Seaman's Protection Certificate Subject World War, 1914-1918 Veterans--Florida Description The Application for Seaman’s Certificate of American Citizenship for Harry Carson in November 1923. It lists Carson's place and date of birth, the last ship he was employed on, the next ship he would be employed on, as well as a description of his appearance and a photograph. The application refers to his honorable discharge as proof of his birth and refers to a letter submitted to provide proof of his future employment as an assistant storekeeper on a United States Shipping Board (USSB) ship. Harry Carson was born in Russia in 1897 and immigrated to the United States in 1907. Carson and his family were Jewish, and they most likely immigrated to the United States in order to flee persecution and violence that they faced as Jews living in Russia in the early twentieth century. After arriving in the United States, Harry grew up in Rochester, New York. In April of 1915 he enlisted in the US Army and served in the 12th Cavalry Regiment until August of 1919. During his service he may have been sent to New Mexico in order to patrol the US-Mexican border. After his service, Carson worked as an intelligence agent for the FBI. He eventually moved to Florida and passed away in 1989. Carson is buried at Florida National Cemetery. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original application for seaman's certificate of American citizenship, November 10, 1923. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Rochester, New York Creator Newton, B.R. United States Customs Service Publisher United States Customs Service Contributor Carson, Harry Date Created 1923-11-10 Format image/jpg Extent 808 KB 723 KB Medium 2 page application for seaman's certificate of American citizenship Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by B.R. Newton and the United States Customs Service and published by the United States Customs Service. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Kelly, Karen Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov//">National Archives and Records Administration</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. application for seaman's certificate of American citizenship Bushnell citizenship application Florida National Cemetery Harry Carson military history military service National Cemetery Administration veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War I World War, 1914-1918 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/bfaba7c658b852142c414f1283acf19a.jpg d78be89d0bfc9d629c4d4f61a6cd887d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Certificate of Death for Charles Crummer, 1934 Alternative Title Certificate of Death Subject World War, 1914-1918 Veterans--Florida World War, 1914-1918--African Americans Description The certificate of deawth of Charles Crummer (1894-1934). He died in a veterans' hospital in Johnson City, Tennessee. The record includes the facility's name, as well as Crummer's name, age, race, and time and cause of death. Charles Crummer was born on August 24, 1894 in Palatka, Florida to his parents Walter and Maria. He lived there with his parents and five brothers until sometime between 1900 and 1910, when the family moved to St. Augustine. After receiving an education that allowed him to read and write, Crummer worked as a chauffeur. On April 1, 1918, he was drafted for service, and served for a short time in the 151st Depot Brigade, a unit responsible for training and processing new recruits. He then became part of Company A of the 36th Infantry, which he served in from April 24, 1918 until his discharge on April 2, 1919. After being discharged, Crummer returned home to his mother and continued to work. Between 1920 and 1927, he and his new wife, Jennie, moved to their own house, where they lived together until Crummer was admitted to a veterans' sanitorium in Johnson City, Tennessee for chronic pulmonary issues and a spinal condition. He lived there until his death in 1934 due to complications with diabetes and septicemia. Crummer is buried in the St. Augustine National Cemetery at Plot A Grave 38. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original certificate of death, August 22, 1934: Tennessee State Library and Archives, Tennessee Death Records, 1908-1958, Roll Number 8. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage V.A. Facility, Johnson City, Tennessee Creator Nieman, S.C. State of Tennessee Department of Health Publisher State of Tennessee Department of Health Contributor Crummer, Charles Date Created ca. 1934-08-22 Format image/jpg Extent 825 KB Medium 1 certificate of death Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the <a href="https://www.tn.gov/content/tn/health.html" target="_blank">State of Tennessee Department of Health</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator O'Neil, Rhiannon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com" target="_blank">Ancestry.com</a> Source Repository <a href="https://sos.tn.gov/tsla" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> External Reference "<a href="https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/cbtchron/cc/036id.htm" target="_blank">36th Infantry</a>." U.S. Army Center of Military History. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/cbtchron/cc/036id.htm. Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. "<a href="https://army.togetherweserved.com/army/servlet/tws.webapp.WebApp?cmd=PublicUnitProfile&amp type=Unit&amp ID=69182" target="_blank">Division Depot Brigade." TogetherWeServed. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://army.togetherweserved.com/army/servlet/tws.webapp.WebApp?cmd=PublicUnitProfile&amp type=Unit&amp ID=69182. Florida Department of Military Affairs. "<a href="https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/206485" target="_blank">Charles Crummer</a>." Online database with images, FloridaMemory. St. Augustine, Florida. Box 4. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/206485. Keene, Jennifer. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/837560460" target="_blank">World War I: The American Soldier Experience</a>. Lincoln [u.a.]: University of Nebraska Press, 2011. R.L. Polk &amp Co. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&amp dbid=2469&amp h=726537471&amp tid=&amp pid=&amp usePUB=true*_phsrc=wPj15&amp _phstart=successSource" target="_blank">St. Augustine, Florida, City Directory, 1920." Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&amp dbid=2469&amp h=726537471&amp tid=&amp pid=&amp usePUB=true&amp _phsrc=wPj15&amp _phstart=successSource. R.L. Polk &amp Co. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&amp dbid=2469&amp h=662607458&amp tid=&amp pid=&amp usePUB&amp _phsrc=wPj15&amp _phstart=successSource" target="_blank">St. Augustine, Florida, City Directory, 1927." Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&amp dbid=2469&amp h=662607458&amp tid=&amp pid=&amp usePUB=true&amp _phsrc=wPj15&amp _phstart=successSource. Selective Service System. "<a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K356-1R6" target="_blank">Charles Walter Crummer</a>." United States World War I Draft Registration Card, 1917-1918. Online database with images, FamilySearc. St. Johns County, Florida, United States. NARA microfilm publication M1509, FHL microfilm 1,556,926. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K35-1R6. State of Tennessee Department of Health, Division of Vital Statistics. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&amp dbid=2376&amp h=156643&amp tid=&amp pid=&amp usePUB=true&amp _phsrc=ouj17&amp _phstart=successSource" target="_blank">Certificate of Death - Charles Crummer." Online database with images,Ancestry.com. Johnson City, Tennessee, 1934. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&amp dbid=2376&amp h=156643&amp tid=&amp pid=&amp usePUB=true&amp _phsrc=ouj17&amp _phstart=successSource. U.S. Census Bureau. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1910USCenIndex&amp h=177275078&amp indiv=try&amp o_vc=Record:OtherRecord&amp rhSource=1200" target="_blank">1910 United States Federal Census." Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Augustine Ward 4, St. Johns, Florida. NARA microfilm publication T624, FHL microfilm 1,374,180. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1910USCenIndex&amp h=177275078&amp indiv=try&amp o_vc=Record:OtherRecord&amp rhSource=1200. U.S. Census Bureau. "<a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M366-SYX" target="_blank">Charles Walter Crummer</a>." United States Census, 1900. Online database with images, FamilySearch. Palatka City, Putnam, Florida, United States. NARA microfilm publication T623, FHL microfilm 1,240,176. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M366-SYX. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&amp dbid=1200&amp h=191320&amp tid=&amp pid=&amp usePUB=true&amp _phsrc=wPj15&amp _phstart=successSource" target="_blank">U.S. National Homes for Disabled Veterans, 1866-1938." Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Johnson City, Tennessee. NARA microfilm publication M1749. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&amp dbid=1200&amp h=191320&amp tid=&amp pid=&amp usePUB=true&amp _phsrc=wPj15&amp _phstart=successSource. U.S. Veterans Affairs Office. "<a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/3963529/charles-walter-crummer" target="_blank">Charles Walter Crummer (1894-1934)</a>." Online database with images, Find A Grave. Accessed July 26, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/3963529/charles-walter-crummer. 151st Depot Brigade 36th Infantry African American soldiers certificate of death Charles Crummer chauffeur draft military history St. Augustine National Cemetery veterans Veterans Administration veterans hospital Veterans Legacy Program World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6086045861316afa2f1cfde02b9362df.mp3 dbaa8e11642b67a9fdb8b3bf01ab37ca Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 16 minutes and 35 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 18: Winter Garden's 20th Century: Boom, Bust and Rebirth Alternative Title Winter Garden's 20th Century Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Winter Garden (Fla.) Citrus fruit industry--Florida--Orange County Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Suburbs--United States Description Episode 18 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Winter Gardens 20th Century: Boom, Bust and Rebirth. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 18 explores the demographic changes of Winter Garden, Florida, during the 20th century. Originally a small agricultural hub, Winter Garden grew into a bustling suburbia in a short period of time. This episode focuses on Winter Garden's period of boom, bust and rebirth. Present-day Winter Garden was originally inhabited by Native Americans thousands of years before European colonization. Early European settlers began arriving in the area around Lake Apopka around 1845 with the encouragement of the Armed Occupation Act for settlement in the new State of Florida. The community began to grow rapidly when the Orange Belt Railway arrived in 1886 and citrus became the area's cash crop. A train depot was constructed in 1893 and the town was named Winter Garden. The area also became a popular tourist in the 1920s, nicknamed the "large-mouth bass capital." Winter Garden continued to thrive on citrus, proclaiming itself the largest citrus shipping point in the world during the 1940s. The citrus industry continued to boom throughout World War II, but quality dropped as Lake Apopka became polluted. Abstract In this podcast, we explore how the demographics of Winter Garden have changed over the last century, moving from an agricultural economy with small numbers of residents to a growing suburbia. Such a drastic shift in such a short period of time has caused many growing pains, but the city and its Winter Garden Heritage Foundation have found new and creative ways to rebuild their community. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 16-minute and 35-second podcast by Nicholas Niemi, November 16, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 18: Winter Garden's 20th Century: Boom, Bust and Rebirth." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Winter Garden, Florida Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, Winter Garden, Florida Garden Theatre, Winter Garden, Florida Creator Niemi, Nicholas Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Cross, Phil Cappleman, Kay McMillan, Alana Date Created ca. 2011-11-16 Format audio/mp3 Extent 15.2 MB Medium 16-minute and 35-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Nicholas Niemi and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2470" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 18: Winter Gardens 20th Century: Boom, Bust and Rebirth</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2470. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Park. http://www.cwgdn.com/. "<a href="http://www.wghf.org/localhistory" target="_blank">Winter Garden</a>." Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. http://www.wghf.org/localhistory. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Date Copyrighted 2011-11-16 Date Issued 2011-11-16 ACL Atlantic Coast Railroad Company Avalon bust Cappleman, Kay Central Florida Museum cinema citrus citrus grove citrus industry Cross, Phil documentary Downtown Winter Garden Dr. Philips farming freeze Gannon, Barbara A. Garden Theatre Gotha grove historic preservation historic renovation housing hurricane land boom land development McMillan, Alana National Railway Historical Society news Niemi, Nicholas night life Oakland orange orange grove orange industry Plant Street podcast Polk County population growth preservation railroad real estate real estate industry renovation revitalization RICHES Podcast Documentaries shipping suburb suburban Tavares Tavares, Eustis & Gulf Railroad theater theme park turpentine turpentine industry Walt Disney World West Orange Trail WGHF Windermere Winter Garden Winter Garden Heritage Foundation https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/42461b87eb1e25013fd223ccff9930d9.mp3 e8b04bb8cdba5452d7611b1651ff0169 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 17 minutes and 53 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 192kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 43: The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Alternative Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Winter Garden (Fla.) Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Description Episode 43 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 43 focuses on the Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, the relationship between the City of Winter Garden and the Foundation, and how the Foundation has changed over time. Abstract The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation is the heart of the preservation movement in Winter Garden, Florida. This podcast examines the relationship between the city and the foundation, as well as how the foundation has changed over time. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 17-minute and 53-second podcast by Nicholas Niemi, November 30, 2012: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 43: The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Winter Garden, Florida Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, Winter Garden, Florida Creator Niemi, Nicholas Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Cross, Phil Cappleman, Kay McMillan, Alan Rees, John Date Created ca. 2012-11-30 Format audio/mp3 Extent 24.6 MB Medium 17-minute and 53-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Nicholas Niemi and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2496" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 43: The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2496. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Park. http://www.cwgdn.com/. "<a href="http://www.wghf.org/localhistory" target="_blank">Winter Garden</a>." Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. http://www.wghf.org/localhistory. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/42461b87eb1e25013fd223ccff9930d9.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 43: The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Date Copyrighted 2012-11-30 Date Issued 2012-11-30 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. archive Cappleman, Kay Central Florida Railroad Museum city commission City Commission of Winter Garden City of Winter Garden Cross, Phil depression documentary Downtown Winter Garden economic depression economic recession Edgewater Hotel festival Garden Theatre historic landmark historic preservation historic renovation historic restoration HOTEL landmark library Main Street Florida Martínez-Fernández, Luis mayor Mayor of Winter Garden McMillan, Alan museum National Railway Historical Society Neimi, Nicholas podcast preservation railroad recession Rees, John renovation restoration revitalization RICHES Podcast Documentaries rural suburb suburban suburbanization Tavares and Gulf Railroad Company Tavares and Gulf Railroad Depot West Orange County WGHF Winter Garden Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Winter Garden Heritage Museum Winter Garden History Center https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/120652af777f5bcb162fb5d2ed7b9f74.jpg 85b2cff6286b443168fe9b80afcca99d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society Collection Subject Museums--Florida Description The Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society is located in Geneva, an unincorporated area of Seminole County. The first regular meeting was held at the Geneva Community Center on November 30, 1952. Alice Coffee Guyton served as the society’s first president. The Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society established the Museum of Geneva History, located at 165 First Street, in 1965. W. G. Kilbee and his wife donated the land that the museum was built on. The museum was dedicated in 1966, with Leo Rehbinder cutting the ribbon and Judge Don Cheney of Orlando making a speech. In 1977, a second larger room was added to the building. The Society also owns Fort Lane Park. Contributor <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/" target="_blank">Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Museum of Geneva History, Geneva, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/" target="_blank">Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/museum.htm" target="_blank">Museum of Geneva History</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/geneva_history.htm" target="_blank">Geneva History</a>." Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society, Inc. http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/geneva_history.htm. Alternative Title Geneva Historical Society Collection Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/54" target="_blank">Apopka Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 pine needle basket Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Pine Needle Basket Weaved by a Geneva Resident Alternative Title Pine Needle Basket Subject Baskets--Florida Pine needle crafts Description Pine needle basket woven by Mrs. Nixon, a Geneva resident, in 1917. Geneva is a community in Seminole County. The area was originally inhabited by the Timucuan tribe as early as 2000 B.C.E. Between 1765 and 1766, John and William Bartram explored the St. John's River, including the area that would become Geneva, which was inhabited at the time by the Seminole tribe formed in the 1760s. New settlers arrived and settled in Harney Cove during the 1843-1845 period. Harney Cove was renamed Geneva in 1880. Creator Nixon Source Original 12 x 12 inch pine needle basket by Mrs. Nixon, 1917: <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/museum.htm" target="_blank">Museum of Geneva History</a>, Geneva, Florida. Date Created 1917 Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 12 x 12 inch pine needle basket by Mrs. Nixon, 1917. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/museum.htm" target="_blank">Museum of Geneva History</a>, Geneva, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/55" target="_blank">Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society Collection</a>, Geneva Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpg Extent 0.99 MB Medium 12 x 12 inch pine needle basket Language eng Type Physical Object Coverage Geneva, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.739716, -81.115062 Temporal Coverage 1917-01-01/1917-12-31 Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mrs. Nixon. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/" target="_blank">Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/" target="_blank">Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/museum.htm" target="_blank">Museum of Geneva History</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/" target="_blank">Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society, Inc.</a>" Geneva Historical & Genealogical Society, Inc.. http://www.usgennet.org/usa/fl/county/seminole/Geneva/. basket Geneva Nixon pine needle pine needle basket https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/75c0e9de4c11a6ec4f28869861316756.pdf 6728d5767cadfb49ec4539600ec40386 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo's Plan: A Variety of Rules on Everything from Roads to Recreation Alternative Title Oviedo's Plan Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Description A newspaper article published by The Oviedo Outlook on May 26, 1977. The article describes the Oviedo Comprehensive Plan developed by the Local Planning Agency (LPA). Plans include rules and regulations for land use, natural resources, housing, community services and facilities, transportation, parks and recreation, potable water, and sewage and solid waste disposal. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Noles, Randy. "Oviedo's Plan: A Variety of Rules on Everything from Roads to Recreation." The Oviedo Outlook, Vol. 4, No. 40, May 26, 1977, page 1 and 4: <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5659" target="_blank">The Oviedo Outlook, Volume 4, Number 40, May 26, 1977</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5659. <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Noles, Randy. "Oviedo's Plan: A Variety of Rules on Everything from Roads to Recreation." The Oviedo Outlook, Vol. 4, No. 40, May 26, 1977, page 1 and 4. Coverage Oviedo City Hall, Memorial Building, Downtown Oviedo, Florida Creator Noles, Randy Publisher The Oviedo Outlook Date Created ca. 1977-05-26 Date Issued 1977-05-26 Date Copyrighted 1977-05-26 Format application/pdf Extent 496 KB Medium 1 newspaper article Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government teachers Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Randy Noles and published by The Oviedo Outlook. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by The Oviedo Outlook and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. air Bernard Blackwood city council city government city planning commercial development Downtown Oviedo emergency services FDOT fire protection Florida Department of Transportation Florida State Road 419 Florida State Road 426 Florida State Road 526 government housing Iron Bridge Road Joe Nesbit land development land use law enforcement Leon Olliff local government Local Planning Agency Louise Martin LPA natural resources Oviedo Oviedo City Council Oviedo City Hall Oviedo Comprehensive Plan parks police R. W. Whittier Randy Noles recreation residential road SCPS: Lake Jessup Drive Seminole County Public Schools Seminole County School Board Seminole County Soil Survey and Soil Supplement sewage sidewalk solid waste SR 419 SR 426 SR 526 street subdivision Sweetwater Park The Oviedo Outlook transportation urban planning Walter Teague water wildlife zoning https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7b2737fffc8d8be869f296ce14d5c540.jpg c0115e61f40b368c585325c42a6e5097 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Mead Left His Mark Alternative Title Mead Left His Mark Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Description The Oviedo Heritage, a supplement for The Oviedo Outlook, published on June 30, 1977. This article, by Randy Noles, briefly describes the life of Dr. Theodore Luqueer Mead (1852-1936), who was famous for hybridizing orchids, amaryllis, and caladiums. Dr. T. L. Mead migrated from New York to Eustis, Florida, in 1869, and then to Oviedo in 1886. At his 85-acre estate in the Lake Charm area, Dr. Mead conducted experiments and accumulated one of the world's largest butterfly collections. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Noles, Randy. "Mead Left His Mark." The Oviedo Heritage, June 30, 1977: <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Is Part Of "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5702" target="_blank">The Oviedo Heritage '77, June 30, 1977</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5702. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Noles, Randy. "Mead Left His Mark." The Oviedo Heritage, June 30, 1977. Coverage Mead Manor, Oviedo, Florida Mead Botanical Gardens, Winter Park, Florida Creator Noles, Randy Publisher The Oviedo Outlook Date Created ca. 1977-06-30 Date Issued 1977-06-30 Date Copyrighted 1977-06-30 Format image/jpg Extent 162 KB Medium 1 newspaper article Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Randy Noles and published by The Oviedo Outlook. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by The Oviedo Outlook and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> External Reference "<a href="http://lib.rollins.edu/olin/oldsite/archives/mead.htm" target="_blank">A Guide to Theodore L. Mead Collection</a>." Archives and Special Collections, Rollins College. http://lib.rollins.edu/olin/oldsite/archives/mead.htm. amaryllis Boy Scouts of America butterflies butterfly caladiums Edith Mead entomologists hybridization Lake Charm Mead Botanical Garden Mead Manor orchids Oviedo Randy Noles T. L. Mead The Oviedo Heritage The Oviedo Outlook Theodore Luqueer Mead https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/80e14b17e8f994efdcfa558d48575f17.jpg 069f80b015e57e8a7a8e71c598123cb1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Fifteenth Census Population for Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, 1930 Alternative Title Census, 1930 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Boston (Ma.) Description The Fifteenth United States census records for Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, for 1930. The Census divides the population by categories of Name, age, sex, race, marital status, occupants and relation to head of house, whether the home is owned or rented, value of home or rent, whether home is a farm residence, whether the home has a radio, college attendance, literacy, birthplace and birthplace of parents, citizenship status, language spoken before coming to United States, year of immigration, occupation or business, class of worker, whether worked the previous day, military status, and war or expedition participated in. A notable resident listed in this record is Lester George Magrath (1921 – 1996). This is the first census in which Magrath appears. Magrath was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on June 6, 1921, to Louise and Clifton Magrath. After graduating high school, he enlisted in the United States Army Air Corp. Magrath married his wife, Hazel, in Hillsborough County, Florida, in 1943. Magrath served in the Air Corp until 1972, achieving the rank of Master Sargent. After his service, Magrath retired to Valrico, Florida, where he died on July 18, 1996. Lester Magrath is memorialized in Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Charles I. O'Connell, April 16, 1930. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Boston, Massachusetts Creator O'Connell, Charles I. <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created 1930-04-16 Format image/jpg Extent 706 KB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Charles I. O'Connell and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/">United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Stoddard, James Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.sec.state.ma.us/arc/">Massachusetts State Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. 1930 United States Census Bushnell census records Florida National Cemetery Lester Magrath military history military service National Cemetery Administration veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/48a751a4427b5eb26345bef596a0b090.jpg 9fbc42407b1c42cbcb3db0528339c1d8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Draft List, 1918 Alternative Title World War I List of Men Drafted for Service Subject World War, 1914-1918 Veterans--Florida World War, 1914-1918--African Americans Description A 1918 draft list for Tampa, Hillsborough, Florida. Approximately 24 million men registered for the draft in 1917 and 1918. Those who were drafted reported to their local draft boards and then traveled to camp, where they were inducted into and trained for the United States Army. To keep track of draftees and whether they reported for duty, each local board created forms. Form 1029 PMGO provided information including name, order number, serial number, call number, primary industry, classification, report date, entrainment location, and the local board itself. John Watkins (1889-1918) is listed with order number 2233, serial number 953, and primary industry of autodriver. He has a mark in both Classifications I and II, though both meant he would eventually be eligible for service, and an X in the column for those who failed to report to military authorities. John Watkins was born on February 22, 1889 to James and Sarah Watkins in Ocala, Florida. Little is known about his life before the war. At age 29, he was inducted into the United States Army in Tampa, Florida on June 21, 1918. He was then sent to train at Camp Dix in New Jersey, as a Private in the 807th Pioneer Infantry, an all-black segregated unit. On September 4, 1918, the 807th departed from Hoboken, New Jersey to France aboard the USS Siboney. Soon after arrival in Europe, Watkins was promoted to the rank of Corporal, likely because he could read, write, and drive. Though the 807th served in a non-combatant role, they were often in the thick of battles, such as the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, the last major engagement of the war, building and repairing infrastructure. Watkins survived the war and remained in France, continuing to repair roads and bury the dead. Within a month, on December 8, 1918, Watkins died of pneumonia, likely caused by the influenza epidemic. He is buried in the Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery at Plot H Row 6 Grave 23. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten draft list, June 21, 1918: Records of the Selective Service System (World War I), 1917-1918, Record Group 163, NAI Number 1159403. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Tampa, Hillsborough, Florida Creator Office of Provost Marshal General, Selective Service System Publisher Office of Provost Marshal General, Selective Service System Contributor Watkins, John Date Created ca. 1918-06-21 Format image/jpg Extent 703 KB Medium 1 typewritten draft list Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Office of Provost Marshal General, Selective Service System. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator O'Neil, Rhiannon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/" target="_blank">Ancestry.com</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives and Records Administration</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans</a>. UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. American Battle Monuments Commission. "<a href="https://www.abmc.gov/node/338687#.W79L02hKi01" target="_blank">John D. Watkins</a>." ABMC. Accessed October 11, 2018. https://www.abmc.gov/node/338687#.W79L02hKi01. Cromwell, Benedict and Robert Forrest Wilson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/493128006" target="_blank">The Road to France II, Transportation of Troops and Military Supplies 1917-1918</a>. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1921. Dalessandro, Robert J. and Gerald Torrence. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/264045802" target="_blank">Willing Patriots: Men of Color in the First World War</a>. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2009. Florida Department of Military Affairs. "<a href="https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/227495" target="_blank">John D Watkins</a>." Online database with images, FloridaMemory. Dunedin, Florida. Army Box 15. Accessed October 11, 2018. https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/227495. Keene, Jennifer D. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/837560460" target="_blank">World War I: The American Soldier Experience</a>. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2011. Litwack, Leon. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320392488" target="_blank">Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow</a>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1998. Office of the Quartermaster General. "<a href="https://www.fold3.com/image/604170947" target="_blank">John Watkins</a>." Online database with images, Fold3. Accessed March 1, 2018. https://www.fold3.com/image/604170947. Selective Service System. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=ReportLocalBoard&amp h=26881" target="_blank">John Watkins." U.S. Lists of Men Ordered to Report to Local Board for Military Duty, 1917-1918. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Hillsborough, Florida. Record Group 163, NAI Number 1159403. Accessed October 11, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=ReportLocalBoard&amp h=26881. Shofner, Jerrell H. "<a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30149151" target="_blank">Custom, Law, and History: The Enduring Influence of Florida's "Black Code"</a>." The Florida Historical Quarterly 55, no. 3 (1977): 279. https://www.jstor.org/stable/30149151. U.S. Census Bureau. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=1900usfedcen&amp h=8072960" target="_blank">John Walkins." 1900 United States Federal Census. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. McIntosh, Marion, Florida. Enumeration District 0088. NARA microfilm publication T623, FHL microfilm 1240173. Accessed October 11, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=1900usfedcen&amp h=8072960. United States War Department. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/80463174" target="_blank">Regulations for the Army of the United States, 1913: Corrected to April 15, 1917</a>. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1918. African American soldiers draft draft list John Watkins military history military service Tampa, Florida veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b801908a4f876c9ff4ac61d5020175b1.jpg 0d59be8efc9f946a7b2076e11618a277 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Draft List, 1918 Alternative Title World War I List of Men Drafted for Service Subject World War, 1914-1918 Veterans--Florida World War, 1914-1918--African Americans Description A 1918 draft list for St. Augustine, Florida. Approximately 24 million men registered for the draft in 1917 and 1918. Those drafted reported to their local draft boards and then traveled to camp, where they would be trained for and inducted into the United States Army. To keep track of draftees and whether they reported for duty, each local board created forms. Form 1029 PMGO provided information such as name, order number, serial number, call number, primary industry, classification, report date, entrainment location, and the local board itself. Joseph Williams (1895-1942) is listed with order number 147, serial number 1377, call number 642, and his primary industry as cook. The form also lists him as Classification I, meaning he was immediately eligible for service. He originally reported for induction at the St. Johns County Board in Florida, but he was transferred to Ithaca, New York for induction and Camp Dix in New Jersey for training. Joseph Williams was born on March 4, 1895 and lived in St. Augustine, Florida for much of his life. Before World War I, he worked as a cook. He registered for the draft on May 29, 1917 and was selected for serice on June 20, 1918. He was sent to train at Camp Dix in New Jersey. From September 4, 1918 to July 3, 1919 he served overseas as part of Compan M of the 807th Pioneer Infantry. This unit was responsible for technical assistance such as repairing and constructing roads, bridges, and railways. After the war ended, Williams was discharged on July 9, 1919 and returned home to St. Augustine. There, he resumed life as a cook, and married his wife, Pauline. Williams died on December 23, 1942. He is buried in the St. Augustine National Cemetery at Section D, Grave 18. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten draft list, June 19, 1918: Records of the Selective Service System (World War I), 1917-1939, Record Group 163, NAI Number 1159403. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Camp Dix, New Jersey Creator Office of the Provost Marshal General, Selective Service System Publisher Office of the Provost Marshal General, Selective Service System Contributor Williams, Joseph Date Created ca. 1918-06-19 Format image/jpg Extent 851 KB Medium 1 typewritten draft list Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Office of the Provost Marshal General, Selective Service System. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator O'Neil, Rhiannon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com" target="_blank">Ancestry.com</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives and Records Administration</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Dalessandro, Robert J. and Gerald Torrence. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/264045802" target="_blank">Willing Patriots: Men of Color in the First World War</a>. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2009. Florida Department of Military Affairs. "<a href="https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/219878" target="_blank">Joseph Williams</a>." Online database with images, FloridaMemory. St. Augustine, Florida. Army Box 16. Accessed October 2, 2018. https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/219878. Keene, Jennifer D. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/837560460" target="_blank">World War I: The American Soldier Experience</a>. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2011. National Archives and Records Administration. "<a href="https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/163.html#163.4" target="_blank">Records of the Selective Service System (World War I)</a>." Accessed October 2, 2018. https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/163.html#163.4. Office of the Quartermaster General. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=IntermentControlForms&amp h=1409720" target="_blank">Joseph Williams." U.S. National Cemetery Interment Control Forms, 1928-1962. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Augustine National Cemetery, Florida. Record Group 92, A1 2110-B. Accessed October 2, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=IntermentControlForms&amp h=1409720. R.L. Polk &amp Co. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=USDirectories&amp h=674708580" target="_blank">Joseph Williams." U.S. City Directories, 1822-1995. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Augustine, Florida, City Directory, 1924. Accessed October 2, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=USDirectories&amp h=674708580. Selective Service System. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=ReportLocalBoard&amp h=536960" target="_blank">Joseph Williams." U.S. Lists of Men Ordered to Report to Local Board for Military Duty, 1917-1918. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Johns, Florida. Record Group 163, NAI Number 1159403. Accessed October 2, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=ReportLocalBoard&amp h=536960. Selective Service System. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=WW1draft&amp h=9617696" target="_blank">Joseph Williams." U.S. World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Johns, Florida. NARA microfilm publication M1509, Roll 1556927. Accessed October 2, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=WW1draft&amp h=917696. 807th Pioneer Infantry African American soldiers Camp Dix Cook draft draft list Joseph Williams military history military service veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a50757898b2af17c9aa12971c3b852e1.jpg efab991d49db56550772746cd0a76df5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Passenger List of Organizations and Casuals Alternative Title Passenger List Subject World War, 1914-1918 Veterans--Florida World War, 1914-1918--African Americans Description An outgoing United States Army passenger list of organizations and casuals from Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1918. The United States Army Transport Service (ATS) compiled records of all persons who passed through United States and foreign ports via ATS ships, incoming as well as outgoing. Information included the name of the sip, the arrival or departure date and place, the servicemember's rank, age, regiment, and next of kin, and a non-servicemember's relation to a servicemember. The ship, the USS Orizaba, departed from Hoboken, New Jersey, for France in early September 1918. A notable soldier listed is Will Johnson (1889-1942). Born on July 6, 1889, in Wilmington, North Carolina, Johnson eventually moved to Georgia. Before the war, he married his wife, Hattie Hokes. After registering for the draft, Johnson joined the United States Army at Camp Gordon on July 17, 1918. Although he began his service in the 15th Depot Brigade, he became part of Company D of the 315th Labor Battalion on August 29, 1918. The unit boarded the USS Orizaba on September 4, 1918, to depart for France. Johnson and his unit remained in France after the war, leaving on July 7, 1919, from St. Nazaire. The Army discharged Johnson on July 29, 1919. He died on September 17, 1942, and is buried in the St. Augustine National Cemetery at Plot D, Grave 11. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original outgoing Army passenger list: Records of the Office of the Quartermaster General, 1774-1985 Record Group Number 92, Roll or Box Number 520. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Hoboken, New Jersey Creator Office of the Quartermaster General Publisher Office of the Quartermaster General Contributor Johnson, Will Date Created ca. 1918-09-04 Format image/jpg Extent 1.15 MB Medium 1 outgoing Army passenger list Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Office of the Quartermaster General. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator O'Neil, Rhiannon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com" target="_blank">Ancestry.com</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/college-park" target="_blank">The National Archives at College Park, Maryland</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Dalessandro, Robert J. and Gerald Torrence. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/264045802" target="_blank">Willing Patriots: Men of Color in the First World War</a>. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2009. Georgia Adjutant General's Office. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&&db=GeorgiaWWIServiceCards&h=49714" target="_blank">Will Johnson</a>." Georgia World War I Service Cards, 1917-1919. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Ashmond, Turner, Georgia. WWI Statement of Service Summary Cards, CLM-409, Georgia State Archives. Accessed August 28, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=GeorgiaWWIServiceCards&h=49714. Keene, Jennifer. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/837560460" target="_blank">World War I: The American Soldier Experience</a>. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2011. Office of the Quartermaster General. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=NARAWWITroops&h=3183825" target="_blank">Will Johnson</a>." U.S. Army Transport Service Passenger Lists, 1910-1939. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Hoboken, New Jersey. Record Group Number 92, Roll or Box Number 520, NAI 6234477. Accessed August 28, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=NARAWWITroops&h=3183825. Office of the Quartermaster General. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=NARAWWITroops&h=7774255" target="_blank">Will Johnson</a>." U.S. Army Transport Service Passenger Lists, 1910-1919. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Nazaire, France. Record Group Number 92, Roll or Box Number 333, NAI 6234465. Accessed August 28, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=NARAWWITroops&h=7774255. Office of the Quartermaster General. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=IntermentControlForms&h=1694784" target="_blank">Will Johnson</a>." U.S. National Cemetery Interment Control Forms. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Augustine, Florida. Record Group Number 92, A1 2110-B. Accessed August 28, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=IntermentControlForms&h=1694784. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=61174" target="_blank">U.S. Army Transport Service Passenger Lists, 1910-1919</a>." Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Accessed June 25, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=61174. 315th Labor Battalion African American soldiers Army Transport Service ATS Hoboken, New Jersey military history military service passenger list U.S.S. Orizaba USS Orizaba veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program Will Johnson World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b009d967ea114ab26d54f12942afdbea.jpg 20201a326172da817d11d9aa3c7b3911 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Passenger List of Organizations and Casuals Alternative Title Headquarters Port of Embarkation Subject World War, 1914-1918 Veterans--Florida World War, 1914-1918--African Americans Description The passenger list of organizations and casuals departing from Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1918. The document includes the soldier's number, name, rank, regiment, corps or department, emergency contact, and address. A notable passenger listed in the record is Riley Wright (1893-1919). Wright was likely born in 1893, although some documents list his birth year as 1895, near Falmouth in Suwannee County in Northern Florida. Like his father and grandfather before him, Wright worked as a farmer. He married Eva Coleman on April 15, 1917, and was drafted on August 3, 1918, joining the 807th Pioneer Infantry unit. In France, Wright and his unit served in a technical capacity, constructing and repairing roads, bridges and railways. Though the Army did not consider these infantry units as combat units, their work on the front lines brought them in direct contact with the enemy. The 807th participated in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, which was the last major engagement of the war. Wright survived the offensive. However, he succumbed to influenza on January 7, 1919. He is buried in the Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery at Plot H Row 10 Grave 28 in Romagne-sous-Montfaucon, France. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program continues, engaging a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in national cemeteries available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 headstones at four national cemeteries, two in Florida (Florida National Cemetery and St. Augustine National Cemetery) and two in France (American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries at Aisne-Marne and the Meuse-Argonne), where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Document Source Digital reproduction of original passenger list: Records of the Office of the Quartermaster General, 1774-1985, Record Group Number 92, Roll or Box Number 578. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Army Transport Service, Passenger Department, Hoboken, New Jersey Creator Office of the Quartermaster General Publisher Office of the Quartermaster General Contributor Wright, Riley Date Created ca. 1918-09-12 Format image/jpg Extent 1.16 MB Medium 1 passenger list Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Office of the Quartermaster General. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator O'Neil, Rhiannon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com" target="_blank">Ancestry.com</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/college-park/" target="_blank">The National Archives at College Park, Maryland</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans</a>. UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Byerly, Carol R. "<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2862337/" target="_blank">The U.S. Military and the Influenza Pandemic of 1918-1919</a>." Public Health Reports 125, no. suppl. 3 (2010): 82-91. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2862337/. Florida Department of Military Affairs. "<a href="https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/211766" target="_blank">Riley Wright</a>." Online database with images, FloridaMemory. Palmouth, Florida. Box 16. Accessed August 14, 2018. https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show211766. Hunton, Addie W. and Kathryn M. Johnson. <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_VwxAAAAMAAJ/" target="_blank">Two Colored Women with the American Expeditionary Forces</a>. Brooklyn, NY: Brooklyn Eagle Press, 1920. Keene, Jennifer. <a href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/837560460" target="_blank">World War I: The American Soldier Experience</a>. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2011. National Archives and Records Administration. "<a href="https://www.archives.gov/research/census/publications-microfilm-catalogs-census/1900/part-01.html#in" target="_blank">1900 Federal Population Census - Part 1</a>." National Archives. Accessed July 18, 2018. https://www.archives.gov/research/census/publications-microfilm-catalogs-census/part-01.html#in. Office of the Quartermaster General. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=NARAWWITroops&h=3923973" target="_blank">Riley Wright</a>." U.S. Army Transport Service Passenger Lists, 1910-1939. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Falmouth, Florida. Record Group Number 92, Roll or Box Number 578, NAI 6234465. Accessed August 14, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=NARAWWITroops&h=3923973. Rinaldi, Richard A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70620376" target="_blank">The United States Army in World War I, Ground Units, 1917-1919</a>. [Takoma Park, MD]: Tiger Lily Pub., 2005. Selective Service System. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=WW1draft&h=10043594" target="_blank">Ralie Wright</a>." U.S. World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Suwannee, Florida. NARA microfilm publication M1509, roll 1556893. Accessed August 14, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=WW1draft&h=10043594. Selective Service System. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=ReportLocalBoard&h=494070" target="_blank">Riley Wright</a>." U.S. Lists of Men Ordered to Report to Local Board for Military Duty, 1917-1918. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Suwannee, Florida. Record Group Number 163, NAI 1159403. Accessed August 14, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=ReportLocalBoard&h=494070. Suwannee, Florida County Courthouse. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=FSMarriageFlorida&h=1616385" target="_blank">Wralley Wright</a>." Florida County Marriage Records, 1823-1982. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Suwannee, Florida. Accessed August 14, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=FSMarriageFlorida&h=1616385. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=61174" target="_blank">U.S. Army Transport Service Passenger Lists, 1910-1939</a>." Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Accessed July 23, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=61174. U.S. Census Bureau. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=1900usfedcen&h=8113009" target="_blank">Raley Right</a>." 1900 United States Federal Census. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Union, Suwannee, Florida. NARA microfilm publication T623, FHL microfilm 1240177. Accessed August 14, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=1900usfedcen&h=8113009. 807th Pioneer Infantry African-American soldiers Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery military history military service passenger list Riley Wright United States Army veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/aa76945cbce06515f9cc9aff38f591dc.jpg 4ffdd433afc9b80d9fa931792c6b89c4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Passenger List, 1918 Alternative Title List of Passengers Subject World War, 1914-1918 Veterans--Florida World War, 1914-1918--African Americans Description The passenger list for Colored Company D of the 546th Engineers. The company departed from New York, New York for France on September 25, 1918 on board the SS Oxfordshire. Commodore Isaac Murray (1896?-1947) (fourth from top) was part of this company and traveled to France on this ship. Commodore Isaac Murray was born in New Augustine, Florida in October sometime between 1895 and 1897 (his records give conflicting dates). He grew up in St. Augustine with six siblings. Like many, when the United States entered the World War, Murray registered for the draft on June 5, 1917, and he was inducted into the United States Army on August 4, 1918. He served as a private in Company D of the 546th Engineers from September 11, 1918 to August 26, 1919. The Engineers battalions were responsible for a wide range of behind-the-lines work, such as repairing roads and building barracks to keep the rest of the army moving. After returning to the United States, Murray was honorably discharged on September 12, 1919. He returned to his hometown where he lived with his wife and children until his death on October 18, 1947. He is buried in the St. Augustine National Cemetery at Section D Grave 87. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten passenger list, September 25, 1918: Records of the Office of the Quartermaster General, 1774-1985, Record Group 92, Roll or Box Number 521. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage New York, New York Creator Office of the Quartermaster General Publisher Office of the Quartermaster General Contributor Murray, Commodore Isaac Date Created ca. 1918-09-25 Format image/jpg Extent 1,247 KB Medium 1 typewritten passenger list Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Office of the Quartermaster General. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator O'Neil, Rhiannon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com"></a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archives.gov/college-park/" target="_blank">The National Archives at College Park, Maryland</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Dalessandro, Robert J. and Gerald Torrence. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/264045802" target="_blank">Willing Patriots: Men of Color in the First World War</a>. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2009. Florida Department of Military Affairs. "<a href="https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/196561" target="_blank">Commodore Isaac Murray</a>." Online database with images, FloridaMemory. New Augustine, Florida. Army Box 11. Accessed October 22, 2018. https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/196561. Keene, Jennifer D. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/837560460" target="_blank">World War I: The American Soldier Experience</a>. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2011. Office of the Quartermaster General. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=IntermentControlForms&amp h=1597002" target="_blank">Commodore Murray</a>." U.S. National Cemetery Interment Control Forms, 1928-1962. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Augustine National Cemetery, Florida. Record Group 92, A1 2110-B. Accessed October 22, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=IntermentControlForms&amp h=1597002. Office of the Quartermaster General. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=NARAWWITroops&amp h=2058490" target="_blank">Commodore I Murray</a>." U.S. Army Transport Service Passenger Lists, 1910-1939. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. New York, New York. Record Group 92, Roll or Box Number 521, NAI Number 6234477. Accessed October 23, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=NARAWWITroops&amp h=2058490. Selective Service System. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=WW1draft&amp h=9635354" target="_blank">Commodore Isaac Murray</a>." U.S. World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. Online database with images, Ancestry.com.St. Johns, Florida. NARA microfilm publication M1509, Roll 1556926. Accessed October 22, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=WW1draft&amp h=9635354. U.S. Census Bureau. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=1940usfedcen&amp h=130343047" target="_blank">Commohore Murray</a>." 1940 United States Federal Census. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Johns, Florida. Enumeration District 55-22. NARA microfilm publication T627, Roll m-t0627-00615. Accessed October 22, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=1940usfedcen&amp h=130343047. U.S. Census Bureau. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=1930usfedcen&amp h=103522335" target="_blank">Comodore Murry</a>." 1930 United States Federal Census. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Johns, Florida. Enumeration District 0015. NARA microfilm publication T626, FHL microfilm 2340067. Accessed October 22, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&amp db=1930usfedcen&amp h=103522335. 546th Engineers African American soldiers Army Transport Service ATS Commodore Isaac Murray Commodore Murray military history military service SS Oxfordshire troop transport ship veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/860450b64969f7bec34b75a65f3d978a.jpg aed05b4c6bb175d1d4b39dc2845583d6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Interment Card, 1937 Alternative Title Internment in the St. Augustine Cemetery Subject National Cemetery System (U.S.) World War, 1914-1918 Veterans--Florida World War, 1914-1918--African Americans Description The interment card for Eddie Landrum (1899-1937). Interment cards are control forms for burial lots in national cemeteries. They provide the details of name, birth, rank, serial number, units and wars served in, enlistment, discharge, death, interment date, gravesite and next of kin. According to this card, Eddie Landrum served in the 42nd Company, 157th Depot Brigade as a Private. He was inducted on August 22, 1918, given an honorable discharge on February 21, 1919, and died March 24, 1937. Elijah "Eddie" L. Landrum was born on July 3, 1899, in Sandersville, Georgia. Like his father, Landrum was a farmer before the war. As he was under the age of twenty-one, Landrum listed his birth year as 1895 in order to register for the draft when the United States entered World War I. On August 22, 1918, Landrum was drafted for service and sent to train at Camp Gordon, Georgia. He served as part of the 157th Depot Brigade, which remained in the United States to receive, train and uniform new recruits who would be sent to fight on the front lines in France. After the war, Landrum was discharged and returned to his work as a farmer. He married and eventually settled in St. Augustine, Florida. On March 24, 1937, Eddie Landrum passed away and was buried in the St. Augustine National Cemetery in Section A Grave 208. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten interment card: Records of the Office of the Quartermaster General, 1774-1985, Record Group 92. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage St. Augustine National Cemetery, St. Augustine, Florida Creator Office of the Quartermaster General, Memorial Division Publisher Office of the Quartermaster General, Memorial Division Contributor Landrum, Eddie Date Created ca. 1937-03-29 to 1937-05-04 Format image/jpg Extent 1.13 MB Medium 1 interment card Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Office of the Quartermaster General, Memorial Division. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator O'Neil, Rhiannon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/">Ancestry.com</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.archive.gov/college-park/" target="_blank">The National Archives at College Park, Maryland</a> External Reference "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=4906" target="_blank">U.S., Lists of Men Ordered to Report to Local Board for Military Duty, 1917-1918</a>." Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Accessed July 11, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=4906. External Reference Title <a href="https://army.togetherweserved.com/army/servlet/tws.webapp.WebApp?cmd=PublicUnitProfile&type=Unit&ID=69394" target="_blank">157th Depot Brigade</a>." Online database, TogetherWeServed. Accessed July 10, 2018. https://army.togetherweserved.com/army/servlet/tws.webapp.WebApp?cmd=PublicUnitProfile&type=Unit&ID=69394. Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Florida Department of Military Affairs. "<a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00047708/00001/74x" target="_blank">Section A</a>." St. Augustine National Cemetery Index and Biographical Guide. St. Augustine, FL: State Arsenal, St. Francis Barracks, n.d. http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00047708/00001/74x. Florida State Bureau of Health, Bureau of Vital Statistics. "<a href="https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:FP7N-GBS" target="_blank">Certificate of Death - Eddie Landrum</a>." Florida Deaths, 1917-1939. Online database with images, FamilySearch. St. Augustine, St. Johns, Florida. FHL microfilm 2,135,947. Accessed August 10, 2018. https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:FP7N-GBS. Georgia Adjutant General's Office. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=GeorgiaWWIServiceCards&h=105600" target="_blank">Eddie Landrum</a>." Georgia World War I Service Cards, 1917-1919. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. WWI Statement of Service Summary Cards, CLM-410, Georgia State Archives. Accessed August 10, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=GeorgiaWWIServiceCards&h=105600. Keene, Jennifer. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/837560460" target="_blank">World War I: The American Soldier Experience</a>. Lincoln [u.a.]: University of Nebraska Press, 2011. Litwack, Leon F. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/320392488" target="_blank">Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow</a>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1998. Office of the Quartermaster General. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=IntermentControlForms&h=2024467" target="_blank">Eddie Landrum</a>." U.S. National Cemetery Interment Control Forms, 1928-1962. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. St. Augustine, Florida. Record Group 92, A1 2110-B. Accessed August 10, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=IntermentControlForms&h=2024467. Selective Service System. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=ReportLocalBoard&h=382987" target="_blank">Eddie Landrum</a>." U.S. Lists of Men Ordered to Report for Military Duty, 1917-1918. Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Washington, Georgia. Record Group Number 163, NAI 1159403. Accessed August 10, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=try&db=ReportLocalBoard&h=382987. "<a href="https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=4906" target="_blank">U.S., Lists of Men Ordered to Report to Local Board for Military Duty, 1917-1918</a>." Online database with images, Ancestry.com. Accessed July 11, 2018. https://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=4906. 157th Depot Brigade African-American soldiers Camp Gordon Elijah "Eddie" L. Landrum farmer interment card military history military service St. Augustine National Cemetery veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c7c3c6a44495e4a5a44859bcf977c80b.jpg 4fe2b35edf6e9aad87ebbed5f479277b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 money transfer Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Money Transfer from Ebenezer Nanabamyin Okai Description A money transfer sent by Ebenezer Nanabamyin Okai in Tema, Ghana, to Elaine Pancake, the customer relations coordinator for the Downtown Orlando Post Office, located at 51 East Jefferson Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida. This particular post office was constructed in a Spanish Colonial Revival style from 1939 to 1941 and dedicated on April 14, 1941. It has been occupied by the United States Postal Service since 1941, the Federal District Courthouse from 1941 to circa 1974, and the office of the Roman Catholic Church since 2003. Creator Okai, Ebenezer Nanabamyin Source Repository <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Source Original money transfer: <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. Date Created ca. 1990 Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original money transfer. Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/157" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpg Extent 226 KB Medium 1 money transfer Language eng Type Text Coverage Tema, Ghana Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Ebenezer Nanabamyin Okai. Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Irizarry, Michael Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Kilsheimer, Joe. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/201942542" target="_blank">Old Post Offices Aid Revitalization Efforts</a>". AMERICAN CITY AND COUNTY. 119: 20-21. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Alternative Title Money Transfer from Okai Aggrey Road Agricultural Development Bank Downtown Orlando Downtown Orlando Post Office Ebenezer Nanabamyin Okai Elaine Pancake Ghana Post Jefferson Street money transfers orlando post offices Tema, Ghana USA Internal Customer Services Western Union https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/60494d5b2abcbe631c06de34c243fba2.pdf 5bb99ca60af6f8e64a214c1e07982375 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Historic Oviedo Colored Schools Museum Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla.); African Americans--Florida; Schools; Education--Florida; Segregation--Florida; Elementary schools--United States; Students--Florida Description In 2000, Gloria Godwin and Gracia Muller Miller began talking about a reunion for the Jackson Heights Elementary School, a colored school in Oviedo during segregation. Reunion Historian, Judith Smith, began to look for artifacts from that era and struggled to locate any pictures or other information. She put the word out amongst the former students, asking to borrow photographs or other materials related to the colored school. Immediately, items began to pour in, and the result was a book entitled: “A Written and Pictorial History of the Oviedo Area Colored Schools 1890-1967, Oviedo Elementary, Jackson Heights Elementary, Geneva, Wagner, Kolokee (Snowhill), Gabriella (Jamestown).” From there, the mission was born. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Transcription Lester Today is August the 2nd, 2022. I am Connie Lester. With me is Jessica Oldham, and Dillard Alvin Gould. We are conducting this oral history via Zoom. Mr. Gould, welcome to the oral history. Would you please state your name and tell us a little bit about where you’re from, and what it was like growing up? Gould Okay. My name is Dillard Alvin Gould. That’s my given name, but I was under a different name until I was—went through the service. My mom didn’t like the name I was given so she—she put the name she wanted on my birth certificate. And, uh, I didn’t know about that until I went in the service when I was 17. You need my, uh, original name? Lester If you want to give it to us, yes. Gould My original name was Aloie Tossie. A-L-O-I-E. Tossie. My mom didn’t like that name… Lester Mhmm. Gould …but it was given to me by my aunt. And, uh, she never changed it. She just put what she wanted on my birth certificate, which was my great-grandfather’s name. His name was Dillard Gould. Lester Mhmm. Gould So, I was surprised when I got to the service and I gave my birth certificate, that it was different. So, I went through school with that name. And when I tried to, uh, get my school records when I was in New Jersey, I—they had a hard time finding them. Yeah. Lester So what was your childhood like? What was—what was it like growing up in Oviedo? Gould Growing up in Oviedo was, uh—well, it wasn’t easy. Lester Mhmm. Gould I had a—Well, first of all I didn’t start school at, uh, six years old like most kids did. I started at five [audio glitch]. And that was a problem for me for a while because I think I was too [audio glitch] young to be there. Lester Mhmm. Gould But my mom insisted that I go because I knew a lot of stuff. Apparently, I didn’t know enough, and later years it caught up with me. I didn’t get past the eighth grade. But eventually, I, uh, finished school with a GED . And I passed it the first time around [doors closes]. Which was, uh, because there’s not much about my childhood to, uh [clears throat]—nothing, uh, dramatic about it or anything. I was just a kid that was always hungry. My mom worked every day and my dad wasn’t around. Lester What kind of work did your mother do? Gould She was a farm worker. Lester Mhmm. Gould After that she went to work for Henry Walker[?]… Lester Mhmm. Gould …on Lake Charm in Oviedo. She worked for them for 37 years [clears throat]. Lester Did you have brothers and sisters? Gould I had two brothers and three sisters. I don’t know how in the world my mom, uh… Lester Mhmm. Gould …took care of all of us, but she did. She was a good woman. Lester It sounds like it. Were—were you the oldest or kind of in the middle? Gould No, I was the third. Lester You were the third. Okay. Gould Mhmm. No, wait a minute. I had two brothers and a sister before me. That’d make me fourth. Lester Mhmm. Gould And two sisters after me. Yeah. Lester Do you remember what kinds of games you played as a kid? Um… Gould Oh, we loved baseball. And I played basketball. Um, [clears throat] baseball was my favorite game. Lester What position did you play? Gould Well, I was a center fielder. Lester Were these baseball games in the neighborhood, or did you play at school? Gould Both. Neighborhood and at school. Lester Mhmm. Gould I probably could have been a professional but that wasn’t allowed back in my day. Lester So, um, you were an adult, uh, y—you—a—as a child, uh, integration hadn’t come, and the Civil Rights Movement hadn’t come. So, you experienced integration as an adult, um, I’m assuming, when you went into the army. Can you tell me what that was like? Gould Well, at first it was, uh, okay. I was the first one in my group to get a promotion. But after that, uh, I was, uh, sent to Germany. And the First Sergeant there didn’t like me at all. He was from Mississippi. Lester Mhmm. Gould And he said as long as he was there I would [audio glitch] never get any place. And he was a lifer. He was going to be there forever, so, he was right. I never got any place. My, uh, [unintelligible] leader, the lieutenant, he put me in for promotions maybe four or five times. They never got passed for [unintelligible]. It wasn’t easy. But I had plans to stay in there for twenty years or so. But, as it was, I got out after three years. A lot of time [sic] I think I should have stayed in, but I couldn’t take what was going on. Lester Did you have a chance to travel around in Germany when you were there? Gould Oh yes. It was a beautiful country. Lester Mhmm. Gould I went to Munich. Lots of places. Lester Mhmm. Gould I was in Augsburg stationed. Lester Okay. Gould Mm. I—I didn’t want to come home. I knew how it was back there, so… Lester Mhmm. Gould But in Germany I had freedom I had never felt before. Lester Mhmm. Lester So, when you got out of the service, what kind of work did you do? Gould Well, [sighs] first I went to s—went to school. I got my GED. Then I went to school. Uh, electronics school. Lester Mhmm. Gould And I got a job with AT&T . And I retired [audio glitch] for them. Lester Was it difficult to get a job with AT&T? Were they open, uh, to… Gould No, not at first. Lester Okay. Gould They uh—they hired me because they needed, uh—needed me to, uh, rescue them, I guess. Lester [laughs]. Gould They were fined by the government six million dollars for doing what they were doing. They were, uh, hiring sisters and brothers and cousins and aunts for the people that was [sic] there. Lester Mhmm. Gould And they needed me to kind of break that up. Lester Did it get better over time? Gould Uh, since I was the only different-colored person there, didn’t get much better. Lester Mhmm. Gould But I did the best I could do. Lester How long have you lived in the West, in Nevada? Gould We just been here three years. I came out here to see after my mother-in-law. Lester Mhmm. Gould My wife’s mother. Couldn’t live alone again because she’s in her nineties. So, we came out to, uh, take her in. Take care of her. Lester Where did you live while you were working for AT&T? Gould Well, I lived in New Jersey for twenty years. Lester Mhmm. Gould Then I moved back to Florida, and—and I was there for the rest of the time I was with AT&T. Lester Mhmm. Lester Can you talk about the changes you’ve seen over time? Um, how much change do you think there has been, since you [unintelligible]. Gould Well, I’ve seen a lot of good, and a lot of not so good. Some of the changes were, uh, kind of fake changes. Weren’t real changes. Lester Mhmm. Gould But, uh, they were bearable. Lester Is there something you would like to say? A lot of students will look at this oral history. Is there something you would like to say to them, because they were—they were born so much later? Gould Well, take everything as it is, and just try to live [unintelligible]. That’s all you can do. Lester Mhmm. Gould I don’t think, uh, um, [unintelligible]—I don’t think the color barrier will ever end. It’s been there forever, so, it’s—it’s just the way it is. Lester Um, as you think about this Oviedo Colored School Museum , that is being, uh, built… Gould Mhmm. Lester …what kinds of expectations do you have for that museum? What—what do you hope it will accomplish? Gould Well, I hope that, uh, the people that go there will understand that the world is what it is, and it’s not going to change too much. And they have it much better than we did when we were kids. Lester Mhmm. Um, is there anything you would like to tell us that we haven’t talked about or that you would expand on what we’ve talked about earlier? Gould I can’t think of any. Lester Okay. Well, we appreciate your time, and we thank you, uh, for, um, doing this oral history with us. Gould Mhmm. Lester And this has been an oral history with Dillard Alvin Gould, conducted on August the 2nd, 2022, but through Zoom, by Connie Lester and Jessica Oldham. And thank you very much. Gould Thank you very much for having me. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://youtu.be/zXFb3b-kchg?si=o-yyFRUJ03cyqgEI">Oral History of Dillard A. Gould</a> Title Oral Memoirs of Dillard Alan Gould Alternative Title Oral History, Dillard Alan Gould Subject Oviedo (Fla.) African Americans--Florida Schools Education--Florida Segregation--Florida Elementary schools--United States Students--Florida Description An oral history interview of educator Dillard A. Gould. The interview was conducted by Dr. Connie Lester and Jessica Oldham over Zoom on August 2nd, 2022. Some of the topics include his early life and education in Oviedo and playing sports, his military service, experiencing discrimination in the United States Army, and being stationed in Germany, working for AT&T, and his thoughts on African American advancement and the Oviedo Colored School Museum. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 His early life and education in Oviedo and playing sports 0:05:58 His military service, experiencing discrimination in the United States Army, and being stationed in Germany 0:08:13 Working for AT&T 0:10:25 His thoughts on African American advancement and the Oviedo Colored School Museum Abstract Oral history interview of Dillard Alan Gould. Interview conducted by Connie Lester and Jessica Oldham through Zoom on August 2, 2022. Source Gould, Dillard Alan. Interviewed by Connie Lester and Jessica Oldham, August 2, 2022. Audio record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/226" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Oviedo Colored Schools Museum Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"> QuickTime</a>. <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Language eng Type Moving Image Coverage Oviedo, Florida Creator Gould, Dillard Alan Lester, Connie Oldham, Jessica Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Date Created 2022-08-02 Date Copyrighted 2022-08-02 Contributor Schramm, Noah Format video/mp4 application/pdf Extent 143 KB 98.1 MB Medium 13-minutes and 18-seconds video recording 9-page digital transcript Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Dillard Alan Gould and Connie Lester and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. Accrual Method Item Creation Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> External Reference Robison Jim. <a href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/796757419" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Around Oviedo</a>. Charleston South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing. 2012. Accessed November 4, 2022. The World Outside Reunion. “<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5258" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">A Written and Pictorial History of the Oviedo Area Colored Schools, 1890-1967</a>.” RICHES of Central Florida accessed November 4, 2022, https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/5258. "<a href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/796757419" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">1878 -1913 Black Schools in Seminole County." Parks and Preservation, Seminole County Government</a>.” Accessed November 4, 2022. African-American history Aloie Tossie AT&T Black history Connie Lester Dillard Alan Gould discrimination education educator Germany Jessica Oldham military service Oviedo Oviedo Colored Schools Museum segregation sports United States Army veterans https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4039408ab5af1e00ea5e10ab9807934e.pdf 00fdec778fedfbf16b503e496298236d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Westinghouse Electric Collection Alternative Title Westinghouse Collection Subject Westinghouse Electric Corporation Description Originally called the Westinghouse Electric Company, George Westinghouse (1846-1914) founded his manufacturing company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. In 1889, he renamed his business the The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Westinghouse's primary products include turbines, generators, motors and switchgear related to the generation, transmission, and use of electricity. The company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. In 1981, the company began to relocate its divison headquarters for the Steam-Turbine Generator Divisions from Pennsylvania (turbines from Lester and generators from Pittsburgh) to Orlando, Florida. The Power Generation Business Unit (PGBU) building was located in The Quadrangle, at 4400 Alafaya Trail. Originally, Westinghouse had purchased a large plot of land for future development that extended westward from Alafaya Trail to Rouse Road. The original headquarters was located on several acres of that land parcel close to Alafaya Trail. In 1994, after a major corporate management shuffling, and a top-level decision to change from an industrial manufacturing company to primarily a broadcasting/communications company, Westinghouse bought the CBS Network and changed its name to the CBS Corporation. As the PGBU grew in size, other buildings in the area were leased and then, after PGBU was sold to Siemens Corporation of Germany in 1998, additional buildings (Quad II and Quad III) were added to the original complex at the Quadrangle. From 1998 to 2003 the Orlando operation was known as Siemens-Westinghouse, after which the name of Westinghouse was dropped. The operation has been known as Siemens from that time forward. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Orlando, Florida Curator DeRosa, Peter Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History" target="_blank">History</a>." Westinghouse Nuclear. http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422" target="_blank">Westinghouse Power Generation Booklet</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Memorandum from K. A. Oleson and A. R. Collier to Electric Utility Sales and Electric Utility International (September 14, 1983) Alternative Title Memo from Oleson & Collier to Electric Utility Sales & Electric Utility International (Sept. 14, 1983) Subject Orlando (Fla.) Westinghouse Electric Corporation Description A memorandum from Marketing Manager K. A. Oleson and Commercial Operations Manager A. R. Collier to Electric Utility Sales and Electric Utility International regarding the reorganization of Westinghouse Electric Corporation's Steam Turbine Generator Division (STGD). In 1983, the Westinghouse power generation business operation, starting with the Steam Turbine Generator Division, was taking shape in its new Orlando headquarters under the management team led by General Manager Dr. Stan Quick (under E. J. "Gene" Cattabiani, Vice President of the Power Generation Group). This series of letters, memoranda, and charts documents the changes in management leadership at the Orlando site from 1983 through 1998, when the Westinghouse Power Genration Business was acquired by Siemens. Following the announcement of the retirement of Dr. Quick in 1984, the management was led by the team of Bob Ractcliffe and Howard Pierce. In 1987, Tom Campbell was appointed General Manager of the Power Generation Technology Systems Division under Nat Woodsen and Jim Moore, Vice Presidents of the Power Systems Business Unit. In 1988, the Power Generation Business Unit (PGBU) was formed under Frank R. Bakos, Vice President and General Manager (under Executive Vice President Ted Stern), and, in 1995, Randy H. Zwirn took the helm as Vice President and General Manager of the PGBU. He remained at the executive level for 20 years, through the PGBU acquisition by Siemens in 1998 and beyond to 2016. Originally called the Westinghouse Electric Company, George Westinghouse (1846-1914) founded his manufacturing company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. In 1889, he renamed his business The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Westinghouse's primary products include turbines, generators, motors and switchgear related to the generation, transmission, and use of electricity. The company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. In 1981, the company began to relocate its division headquarters for the Steam-Turbine Generator Divisions from Pennsylvania (turbines from Lester and generators from Pittsburgh) to Orlando. The PGBU building was located in The Quadrangle, at 4400 Alafaya Trail. Type Text Source Original 15-page typed memorandum from K. A. Oleson and A. R. Collier to Electric Utility Sales and Electric Utility International, September 14, 1983: Private Collection of Harry L. Jaeger. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/169" target="_blank">Westinghouse Electric Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 15-page typed memorandum from K. A. Oleson and A. R. Collier to Electric Utility Sales and Electric Utility International, September 14, 1983. Coverage Westinghouse Electric Corporation, The Quadrangle, Orlando, Florida Creator Oleson, K. A. Collier, A. R. Contributor Jaeger, Harry L. Date Created 1983-09-14 Format application/pdf Extent 1.51 MB Medium 15-page typed memorandum Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by K. A. Oleson and A. R. Collier. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://www.siemens.com/global/en/home.html" target="_blank">Siemens</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History" target="_blank">History</a>." Westinghouse Nuclear. http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422" target="_blank">Westinghouse Power Generation Booklet</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422. A. A. Soares A. A. Zanazanian A. Bugge A. C. Martin A. F. Axt A. L. Andrews A. R. Collier A. S. Workum A. Stock Alafaya Trail B. J. Harkiewicz B. Tadd B. W. Morrison C. E. Davies C. L. Schoolcraft C. L. Sturla C. W. Meck Craig A. Weeks Craig Sturla D. A. Pacyna D. Amos D. B. Carson D. C. Beddingfield D. Gringer D. H. Pierce D. Howard Pierce D. L. Miller D. M. Johnson D. R. Hamzavi D. R. Spraker D. W. Drehoff David R. Hamzavi Debbie Mursch Donald M. Johnson E. A. Izzo E. C. Bartels E. J. Barsness E. J. Kilpela E. K. Johnson E. V. Heina Electric Utility International Electric Utility Sales F. A. Rosenthal F. A. Willa F. C. Kao F. J. Merry F. R. Small F. R. Vaccaro F. X. Baldino G. C. Lamonettin G. D. Albrecht G. E. Baker G. H. Gundy G. H. Stout G. J. Dubrasky G. J. Partridge G. Lopez G. M. Clark G. M. Heck G. W. Gamble G. W. Kunkle George C. Lamonettin George E. Baker H. E. Wheeler H. H. Wittig H. R. Oliver H. R. Waltersdorf H. S. Grassian H. S. Progler J. Alba J. B. Bostick J. B. Cienki J. Cicinelli J. D. Conrad J. D. Donahue J. E. Hutter J. F. Gill J. F. McNamara J. F. Sperry J. G. Micka J. Green J. H. Cusack J. H. Sturges, Jr. J. Heller J. J. Leemon J. L. Shade J. M. Coffman J. M. Foley J. M. Schmerling J. P. Forquer J. P. Kessinger J. R. Auman J. R. Doyle J. Randell J. S. Olszewski J. Spaziani J. W. Jeannette J. W. Minogue J. Yarusinski Joe Leemon John B. Bostick K. A. Oleson K. A. Steinebronn K. H. Steinebronn Ken Johnson Kurt A. Steinebronn L. Conway L. K. Huber L. K. Koering L. R. Southall M. A. Jenkins M. A. Neely M. A. Saft M. Budjevac M. D. Costa M. D. Gill M. D. Harmon M. E. Glasgow M. Garces M. K. Marinac M. Salvatore M. V. Haddad M.A. Heusel Michael D. Costa Mike Costa O. A. Willson O. L. Walter O. M. Hauge orlando P. B. Messina P. F. McCauley P. G. Abdalla P. J. Murphy P. J. Murry P. L. McGaha P. Rozelle P. S. Ziemann Paul Porter R. B. Bienkowski R. B. Carpenter R. B. Countess R. B. Williamson R. Bober R. C. Gaskins R. C. Kimber R. D. Howard R. D. Schulte R. Dunderdale R. E. Cannistraro R. E. Nowak R. F. Huff R. F. Weddleton R. G. Rapagnani R. G. Thompson R. J. Conney R. J. Fahrer R. J. Gross R. J. Grutz R. J. Hillen R. J. Murphy R. J. Prady R. J. Rahenkamp R. Koubek R. L. Brooks R. L. Misback R. L. Perez R. M Bredin R. M. Muraski R. P. Duverneau R. R. Halverson R. R. Leyendecker R. Steiner R. T. Greenwood R. T. Ward R. W. Ek R. W. Herbert R. W. Woodward Rod Herbert S. D. Grisetti S. J. Piermont S. L. Jones S. L. Quick S. M. Garvey Steam Turbine Generator Division STGD T. Battieneri T. Burke T. E. Szabo T. J. Kuchma T. J. Lane T. O'Hanlon T. R. Eves T. Szabo The Quadrangle Tom Kuchma Tom Sullivan University Boulevard V. Duarte V. N. Fahy V. Papadopoulos V. S. Anderson W. Davis W. E. Johnson W. F. Knowles W. J. Pagonis W. J. Walker W. M. Oliver W. R. Ryan W. Ruch W. S. Smith Westinghouse Electric Corporation https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/90b048697bb607fd261a0054abafe116.pdf b6772e80e4db5756cdededc93f26d3f4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Thomas Cook Collection Alternative Title Cook Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Orange County (Fla.) Longwood (Fla.) Cape Canaveral (Fla.) Lake Wales (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Weeki Wachee (Fla.) Winter Haven (Fla.) Osceola County (Fla.) Winter Park (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, postcards, documents, and other records from the private collection of Thomas Cook. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Contributor Cook, Thomas Language eng Type Collection Coverage Cape Canaveral, Florida Lake Wales, Florida Longwood, Florida Orange County, Florida Orlando, Florida Osceola County, Florida Winter Haven, Florida Winter Park, Florida Rights Holder All items in the <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/102" target="_blank">Thomas Cook Collection</a> are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Thomas Cook Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/103" target="_blank">Postcard Collection</a>, Thomas Cook Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. External Reference Antequino, Stephanie Gaub, and Tana Mosier Porter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783150094" target="_blank">Lost Orlando</a> Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2012. "<a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf">Downtown Orlando Historic District Walking Tour</a>." City of Orlando. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Osborne, Ray. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/253374549" target="_blank">Cape Canaveral</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2008. Smith, Margaret. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51888803" target="_blank">The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 2002. Pelland, Maryan, and Dan Pelland. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67516850" target="_blank">Weeki Wachee Springs</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005. Flekke, Mary M., Sarah E. MacDonald, and Randall M. MacDonald. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/85451307" target="_blank">Cypress Gardens</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2006. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 color map Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orange Blossom Trail: The Scenic Route Through Central Florida Alternative Title Orange Blossom Trail Pamphlet Subject Roads--Florida--Maps Tourism--Florida Highways Orlando (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Clermont (Fla.) Orange County (Fla.) Davenport (Fla.) Winter Haven (Fla.) Miami (Fla.) Sebring (Fla.) Jennings (Fla.) Jasper (Fla.) White Springs (Fla.) McIntosh (Fla.) Lake City (Fla.) Belleview, Fla. (Marion Co.) Oklawaha River (Fla.) Weirsdale (Fla.) Leesburg (Fla.) Tavares (Fla.) Winter Garden (Fla.) Haines City (Fla.) Winter Haven (Fla.) Lake Placid (Fla.) Moore Haven (Fla.) High Springs (Fla.) Gainesville (Fla.) Ocala (Fla.) Minneola (Fla.) Mount Dora (Fla.) Zellwood (Fla.) Plymouth (Fla.) Apopka (Fla.) Kissimmee (Fla.) Lake Wales (Fla.) Avon Park (Fla.) South Bay (Fla.) Coral Gables (Fla.) Key West (Fla.) Description Pamphlet on the scenic route of Orange Blossom Trail north from the Georgia-Florida border to Key West. The pamphlet lists roadside attractions near or on OBT, in an era before the construction of I-95, I-75 and I-4 nearly ended the traditional roadside attraction. Creator Orange Blossom Trail Association Source Original pamphlet by the Orange Blossom Trail Association: Vaughan & Co., Orlando, Florida: Private Collection of Thomas Cook. Publisher Vaughan & Co. Date Created ca. 1959 Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original pamphlet by the Orange Blossom Trail Association: Vaughan & Co., Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of Private Collection of Thomas Cook. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/102" target="_blank">Thomas Cook Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Requires <a href='http://www.adobe.com/reader.html' target='_blank'>Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Format application/pdf Extent 7.53 MB Medium 1 color map Language eng Type Text Coverage Orlando, Florida Silver Springs, Florida Clermont, Florida Davenport, Florida Winter Haven, Florida Miami, Florida Sebring, Florida Jennings, Florida Jasper, Florida White Springs, Florida McIntosh, Florida Lake City, Florida Belleview, Florida Oklawaha River, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Leesburg, Florida Tavares, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Haines City, Florida Winter Haven, Florida Lake Placid, Florida Moore Haven, Florida High Springs, Florida Gainesville, Florida Ocala, Florida Minneola, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Zellwood, Florida Plymouth, Florida Apopka, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Wales, Florida Avon Park , Florida South Bay, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Key West, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.539291, -81.377907 29.216643,-82.057589 28.555576, -81.772842 28.161308, -81.601653 28.021985, -81.732502 25.789381, -80.226345 27.473621, -81.530419 30.604231, -83.09824 30.517907, -82.951641 30.330213, -82.758007 29.449015, -82.222223 30.191431, -82.638588 29.059471, -82.059345 29.043264, -81.929197 28.982315, -81.924219 28.810987, -81.877041 28.809332, -81.734705 28.55256, -81.59008 28.114837, -81.617975 28.021985, -81.732502 27.293689, -81.358624 29.826944, -82.596989 29.652256, -82.312031 29.187386, -82.140169 28.573894, -81.747308 28.824072,-81.643896 28.729733, -81.604757 28.692225,-81.547213 28.673118, -81.512046 28.304381, -81.403942 27.901559, -81.586368 27.595631, -81.514363 26.664335, -80.716238 25.721354, -80.26823 24.555086, -81.780367 Temporal Coverage 1959-01-01/1959-12-31 Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by the Orange Blossom Trail Association and published by the Brewton Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the Orange Blossom Trail Association and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cook, Thomas Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Thomas Cook External Reference Antequino, Stephanie Gaub, and Tana Mosier Porter. Lost Orlando. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2012 Dickinson, Joy Wallace. A Guide to Historic Orlando. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2003. External Reference Title <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783150094" target="_blank">Lost Orlando</a> <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a> Transcript Orange Blossom Trail THE Scenic ROUTE THROUGH CENTRAL FLORIDA 1934 - 1959 Twenty Fifth Anniversary "Beauty abounds at Florida's Silver Springs" "Centennial Fountain" Eola Park, Orlando "Aqua Maids at Beautiful Cypress Gardens" Date Copyrighted ca. 1959 Contributor Cook, Thomas 13th Street 4th Street AAA Abshier, A. E. Allardice, James Allen, Ross Alrmina Drive-In Restaurant Amazing Howell Glassblowers America's Tropical Wonderland American Automobile Association American Express Anderson, F. Angebilt Hotel Apopka Motor Courts Aqua-Maids Arrow Head Lodge Avon Motel Baby Animal Nursery Bambi Motel Banister, Fred Bank of Tavares Barney's Park Avenue Bartlett, Tommy Bates, Beryl Bates, Kitten Beachfront Tourist Court Beacon Light Motel Belleview Motor Court Ben White Raceway Bennie's Service Station Bentley's Motel Bibleland Big "D" Steer-In Restaurant Black Hills Passion Play Black Swan Park Blanche Hotel Blue Lake Blue Lake Villa Bob's Shell Service Bok Tower Bok Tower Gardens Bownman & Brown, Inc. Bradley, Otis Bragdon, J. A. Brahma cattle Brewton Company Buliman, J. H. Burgess, Jack Carillon Tower Casa Loma Lodge Centennial Fountain Center of Arcade Central Boulevard Central Florida Motel chamber of commerce Chimp Farm Christy, Howard Chandler Citizen's Bank of Clermont Citizen's National Bank of Lessburg Citizen's National Bank of Orlando Citrus Tower Restaurant and Cocktail Lounge Clayton Waters Service Clements, Frank Clermont Fruit Service Clewiston Inn Clewiston Motel Cloister Courts Coats, Royal M. Coleman, Grace Colonial Drive Colonial Hotel Columbia County conestoga wagon Cook, Thomas Cooks Farm Craft Court Crossroads Motel Cunningham, T. Archie Cypress Gardens Da Vinci, Leonardo Davenport Chamber of Commerce Davis Park Motel Delux Motel Dempsey, Jack Dickson and Ives, Inc. Dietrich, Charles Dietrich, Elsie Diner's Club Dirlam, K. M. Dirlam's Dawn Villa Douglas, A. R. D. downtown Kissimmee downtown Leesburg Downtown Miami Downtown Orlando Duncan Hines Dundee E. S. Marsell Fernery Edgar Roberts Apartments Edwards, A. C. El Patio Motel El Rancho Motel Emerald Motel Ernie's Lakeside Motel Everglades Everglades Tropical Gardens Fairview Park Fairway's Motel Famous Shell Emporium Famous Silver Spurs Fifth Street First Federal Building First Federal Savings and Loan Association First National Bank First National Bank at Orlando Florida Angler's Resort Florida Citrus Tower Florida National Bank Florida Nursery and Landscape Company Florida Orange Packers Florida Watermelon Festival Florida's Biggest Little Town Florida's Cow Country Ford's Shell Service Station Fort Clinch Foster, Stephen Collins Fosteriana Fountain, J. M. French Realtors Fulton's Citrus Groves G&S Packing Company Gahr, Lloyd Gardner's Restaurant Gardos, E. Gary's Duck Inn Gateway to the Ridge Gellerman, Harvey glass-bottom boats Glouser, Zack Great Masterpiece Greater Orlando Chamber of Commerce Green's Fuel Gulf Oil Gulf Oil Corporation Haines City Motor Court Hambletonian Hamilton County Harlan, Montie Hart, E. B. Hart's Sundry Store Harvey's Service Harwell, E. K. Harwell, Mary P. Hi-Lander Motel Highland Hammock State Park Highland Lake Apartments Highland Park Estates Highland Parks Estates Highlander Restaurant Highlands County Highlands Lake Hil-Top Motor Court Hinson Avenue Home Exhibit Hotel Jacaranda Hotel Thomas and Dining Room House of Glass Howard Johnson Restaurant, Johnson, Howard Hunt Brothers Hunter's Nash Motors International Grand Prix Endurance Race Isbell, Jim Isbell, Sue Ivey's of Orlando J. Hillis Miller Health Center J. L. Parris Jr. Laundry Jarvis Motel Johnson, Evelyn Johnson, John Johnson's Beach Johnson's Beach & Cottages Jones, Meredith Jordan, Carl Jordan, Carolyn Kahler, F. H. Kahler, R. N. Keene Realty Company, Inc. Kelly Park King's Garage and Service Station King's Grove Kissimmee Live Stock Market Kissimmee River Valley Koch, Harry A. Koss Manor Motel Koss, Delma Lake Alfred Lake Alfred Motel and Restaurant Lake and Hills Restaurant Lake Apopka Lake Blue Motel Lake Bowers Lake Brentwood Court Lake Clay Lake County Lake Eola Lake Eola Park Lake Highland Lake Istokpoga Lake Ivanhoe Lake Josephine Lake Josephine Tourist Court Lake Mabel Motel Lake Minneola Lake Okeechobee Lake Ola Lake Placid Lake Weir Lake Weir Chamber of Commerce Lake Weir Gift Fruit Company Lake Weir Key Cottages Lakeside Villa Lakeview Motel Lakewood Bar & Package Store Lakewood Estates Last Supper Law, Leo Lee Motel Leesburg Community Center Leesburg Kiwanis Club Leesburg Lion's club Leesburg Rotary Club Lilly, L. M. Lilly's Motel Lloyd's Furniture Main Street Mann, Leone Mann, Paul Manor Motel Marie's Motel and Restaurant Marion County Marion County Citrus Company Marion Street Marks Street Marsell, E. S. Master Hosts McGuire's Standard Station McIntosh Meier, Josef Melton, G. T. Metal Products Company Miami Hotel Miami's Fabulous Seaquarium Mid-Lakes Motel Miller Motel Miller, Henry Millican & Beseke, Inc. Mineral Springs Minneola Gift Shop Minute Maid Monarchik, Helen Monarchik, John Montrose Street Monument of States Moose Head Fishing Camp Moses Rexall Drugs Motel AL-Jl Mid-Town Motel Motel Midget Mansions Mozert's Photo Shop Mrs. Mac's Restaurant Mt. Vernon Motel Musseua, A. A. Nascar Auto Association National Fresh Water Tournament National Pee Wee Championship Nature's Underwater Fairyland New Morrison Cafeteria Nicodemus, Charles Nicodemus, Irene North Avenue North Boulevard North City Motel North Marion County Chamber of Commerce North Marion High School O'Sada, Stanley O'Sada's Gulf Service Station OBT Ocala Ocala National Forest Oklawaha Oklawaha River Ola-Beach Motel Old South Motel Orange Avenue Orange blossom Motel Orange Blossom Trail Orange Blossom Trail Association orange county Orange Lake Orange Lake Citrus Shop Orlando Evening Star Orlando Morning Sentinel Palm Garden Fishing Camp Palm Knoll Motell Palm Motel Palm Terrace Palomino Motel Pan-American Motel Parrish, J. L., Jr. Passion Play Amphitheatre Peacock, Arthur S. Peacock's Motel Phillips Place Plantation Inn Poinsettia Motel Polk County Pope, Dick, Sr. Pope, Richard Downing Preu, Frank J. Preu, Jeanette Pure Oil Company Quality Courts United Ranch Motel Ray's Smoke House Pit-Bar-B-Q Red Barn Restaurant Reddick Reese, Candler C. Rest-A-Nite Motel Rex Beach Lake Rexall Richenbacker Causeway Rilean, W. W. Riley's Trailer Park and Miniature Home Rock Springs Rod'n Reel Court Roosevelt Boulevard Ross Allen's Reptile Institute Ross Allen's Reptile Institute and Wildlife Show Sabal Motel San Juan de Ulloa Hotel San Juan Hotel Scenic Highway Schnieder, John W. Seaquariam Seminoles Shady Lake Shalimar Motor Court shell Shell Emporium Shipley, Grace E. Shipley, Lewis Silver Lake Country Club and Golf Course Silver Palms Motel Silver Springs Silver Springs Boulevard Silver Springs Cafeteria and Restaurant Silver Spurs Rodeo Sinclair Gas and Oil Singing Tower Skyline Motel Slaughter, A. C. Smigel's Auto Clinic Smith, A. W. South Bay Service Station South Lake Realty company Southernaire Motel Spinning Wheel Motel Spook Hill Sportsman's cottages and Fishing Resort Spring Side Motel Squire Restaurant SR-200 SR-25 SR-40 SR-50 SR-540 SR-80 STAPLES' Cottages Starling Motel State Bank State Road 50 State Road 80 Steak House Stephen Foster Memorial Sue and Jim Isbell's Motel with Restaurant Sue's Motel Sugar Bowl Sun Plaza Motor Manor Sunoco Suwannee River Suwannee River Court Tall Pines Motel Talton, William G. Targonski, Benjamin Taylor's Citrus Candy Factory Terra Ceia Court and Restaurant Texaco Products The Belle of Suwannee The Brahma The Carriage Cavalcade The City Beautiful The Fern City of Florida The Jacaranda City The Jungle Cruise The Key Wester The Prince of Peace Memorial Thibault, Alyce Thomas, P. E. Tom Sawyer Motor Inns Tommy Bartlett's Deer Ranch Topical Wind Motel Tower View Motel Trade Winds Cafeteria Tradewins Motel and Restaurant Trailer city Tropical Motor Hotel & Frazer's Steak House Tucker, O. J. tupperware Tupperware Home Parties, Inc. Tupperware Museum of Dishes U.S. Highway 27 U.S. Sugar Mill UF University Court Motel University of Florida US 92 US-17- US-25 US-27 US-27A US-301 US-441 US-441-27 US-98 Ustler Brothers Vaughan & Co. Venetian Court Vo-Mac Groves W. W. Rilea Cottages Wall Streetl Empire Hotel Walt Wellman Groves Waverly Waverly Citrus Growers Cooperative Wayside Motel Webb, J. L. Webb's Drive-In Restaurant Wellman, Walt White House Hotel William G. Talton and Sons Williams, E. L. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b05a586f276b63e6a7d47a675a61df51.jpg c5e9161c360185d6eb124f975db9ae0e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sanford Riverfront Collection Description The Sanford Riverfront Collection consists of images depicting the history and significance of Lake Monroe and the St. Johns River to the City of Sanford, Florida. The waterways that surround Sanford have provided transportation, commerce, defense, and leisure activities for the city's citizens and visitors since its creation in 1877. Contributor <a href="http://www.thehistorycenter.org/research/library" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/index.html" target="_blank">Sanford Historical Society, Inc.</a> <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> <a href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a> Alternative Title Riverfront Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Lake Monroe (Seminole County and Volusia County, Fla.) Riverfronts Waterfronts--Florida Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Curator Marra, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference The Seminole Herald. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52633016" target="_blank">Sanford: Our First 125 Years</a>. [Sanford, FL]: The Herald, 2002. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color postcard Physical Dimensions 4 x 6 inch Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Approaching Sanford Along Lake Monroe Alternative Title Seminole Boulevard in Sanford Subject Waterfront Districts Lakes & ponds Lake Monroe (Seminole County and Volusia County, Fla.) Transportation--Florida--History Postcards--Florida Highways St. Johns River (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Description Seminole Boulevard on the west edge of Sanford along Lake Monroe. Seminole Boulevard is the part of U.S. Highway 17 that runs along the coast of Lake Monroe in Sanford, Florida. U.S. Highway 17 begins in Punta Gorda, briefly runs east, and then goes north along Peace River through Arcadia, Zolfo Springs, and Wauchula. The road then joins U.S. Highway 98 at Fort Meade and continues northward until Bartow, when it separates to travel northeast. At Winter Haven, U.S. 17 becomes concurrent with U.S. Highway 92 through Kissimmee, where both highways join U.S. Highway 192. When all three roads meet U.S. Highway 441, U.S. 17/92 turns north into downtown Orlando and then splits from U.S. 441 at State Road 50/Colonial Drove and continues east until it turns north at State Road 15/Mills Avenue. In Sanford, U.S. 17/92 crosses over the St. Johns River into Volusia County and then splits north of DeLand as U.S. 17 travels north toward Palatka, again crossing the St. Johns River. The highway then continues through Clay County, suburban Jacksonville, and Nassau County until it reaches the Florida border. The entire highway spans across Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia. Lake Monroe is a lake that is part of the St. Johns River system in Florida and is also the eigth largest lake in the Orlando metropolitan area. Sanford is located on its northern shore and DeBary and Deltona are located along its northern shore. Two major roadways, State Road 415 and Interstate 4, run near the lake. Lake Monroe also formes the border of Seminole County and Volusia County. Creator Orange News Company Source Original 4 x 6 inch color postcard by Orange News Company: Postcard Collection, call number PC5643, Florida Photographic Collection, <a title="State Archives of Florida" href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a>, Tallahassee, Florida. Publisher <a title="State Archives of Florida" href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a> Date Created ca. 1960-1990 Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 4 x 6 inch color postcard by Orange News Company on Florida Memory Project: Postcard Collection, call number PC5643, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida. <a title="Approaching Sanford along Lake Monroe - Sanford, Florida" href="http://floridamemory.com/items/show/163495" target="_blank">http://floridamemory.com/items/show/163495</a>. Format image/jpeg Extent 35 KB Medium 4 x 6 inch color postcard Language eng Type Still Image Coverage Sanford, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.83239, -81.320854 Temporal Coverage 1960-01-01/1990-12-31 Accrual Method Deposit Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a title="State Archives of Florida" href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a>, and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a title="Florida Memory Project" href="http://www.floridamemory.com/" target="_blank">Florida Memory Project</a> <a title="RICHES MI" href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a title="State Archives of Florida" href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a> External Reference Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). Sanford. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. "Monroe Harbour Marina." Monroe Harbour Marina. http://www.monroeharbour.com/. External Reference Title Sanford Historical Society, Inc. Images of America: Sanford. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2003. "<a title="Monroe Harbour Marina" href="http://www.monroeharbour.com/" target="_blank">Monroe Harbour Marina</a>" Is Part Of <a title="Postcard Collection" href="http://floridamemory.com/photographiccollection/collections/?id=36" target="_blank">Postcard Collection</a>, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/10" target="_blank">Sanford Riverfront Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Audience Education Level SS.K.A.1.2; SS.1.A.1.1; SS.2.A.1.1; SS.3.A.1.1; SS.3.A.1.2; SS.4.A.1.1; SS.4.G.1.1; SS.5.A.1.1; SS.6.W.1.3; SS.8.A.1.2; SS.8.A.1.5; SS.912.A.1.2; SS.912.A.1.4 SS.912.W.1.3 Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created and owned by Orange News Company. highway Highway 17 Highway 92 riverfront Seminole Boulevard SR 15 St. Johns State Road 15 U.S. 17 U.S. 92 U.S. Highway 17 U.S. Highway 92 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/eb4e8fa8bf8a514f0c0fa25e47bc22ac.png 55e7b147156a69947ac1cdfc3f321813 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f5b9b5e519f79e21747ee908dd67f808.mp4 34994d1e9770a7e6b7e0d129fa736cc5 Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Director Tel Air Interests, Inc. Original Format film Duration 14:28 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Action Center USA Date Created c. 1960s Coverage Orlando Creator Orlando Chamber of Commerce Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a title="ActionCenterUSA.mp4" href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/f5b9b5e519f79e21747ee908dd67f808.mp4" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View video</a> Description This video is an advertisement produced to showcase the advent of mid-century modernism in Orlando. It depicts marketing strategies aimed at attracting white middle-to-upper class men in either military or defense technology engineering professions. It emphasizes the economic, cultural, and social changes taking place within Orlando that make it an ideal place to raise a family and to live a fulfilling life. It depicts developments and signs of growth that occurred in Orlando before Disney. Source State Archives of Florida Medium film Curator Wolf, Casey Digital Collection Filming Florida: Images of the Sunshine State Source Repository <a href="https://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/232384">Florida Memory</a> https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9a049a0d2d5e3b7e957cf0cbdd00d099.jpg 8e5d38b8a706e2c0054d6a0e79fb7c27 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Jones High School Historical Museum Collection Description Located in the Parramore/Lorna Doone neighborhood of downtown Orlando, Jones High School was the first area public school for African-Americans. The original building was located on the corner of Garland Avenue and Church Street, but the school was renamed the Johnson Academy and moved to a new building on the corner of Chatham Avenue and West Jefferson Street. In 1921, the school was renamed in honor Principal L. C. Jones and a brick colonial revival building was constructed on the corner of Parramore Avenue and Washington Street. The school was finally moved to its current location at 801 South Rio Grande Avenue in 1952. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title 27 Teachers Stay Home Alternative Title Newspaper Collage Subject Orlando (Fla.) High schools--Florida Schools Education--Florida Description Newspaper collage from the 1970 Jones High School yearbook. The articles describe the Orange County teachers strike of 1969, in which 27 teachers stayed home in protest of the county's decision to move black students to white schools and convert their former schools to other uses. The county implemented this policy after the courts ordered desegregation in all schools. Three of four black high schools were converted, but Jones High was spared. Located in the Parramore/Lorna Doone neighborhood of downtown Orlando, Jones High School was the first area public school for African-Americans. The original building was located on the corner of Garland Avenue and Church Street, but the school was renamed the Johnson Academy and moved to a new building on the corner of Chatham Avenue and West Jefferson Street. In 1921, the school was renamed in honor Principal L. C. Jones and a brick colonial revival building was constructed on the corner of Parramore Avenue and Washington Street. The school was finally moved to its current location at 801 South Rio Grande Avenue in 1952. Type Still Image Source Original newspaper clippings: <a href="https://joneshighschoolhistoricalsociety.org/">Jones High School Historical Museum</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/214" target="_blank">Jones High School Historical Museum Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper clippings. Coverage Jones High School, Orlando, Florida Creator Orlando Evening Star Publisher Orlando Evening Star Date Created ca. 1970 Format image/jpg Extent 537 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Orlando Evening Star. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://joneshs.ocps.net/">Jones High School</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Jones High School Historical Society Digitization Project Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://joneshighschoolhistoricalsociety.org/">Jones High School Historical Museum</a> External Reference Feigenbaum, Nancy. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1995-01-22/news/9501230388_1_jones-high-black-schools-orlando-school" target="_blank">A 100-year History Lesson At Jones</a>." Orlando Sentinel, January 22, 1995. Accessed December 12, 2018. Jones High School. <a target="_blank">School Information: History</a>." Joneshs.ocpc.net. https://joneshs.ocps.net/school_information/history (accessed December 12, 2018). Jones High School Historical Society, Inc. "<a href="https://joneshighschoolhistoricalsociety.org/about/" target="_blank">About</a>." Joneshighschoolhistoricalsociety.org. https://joneshighschoolhistoricalsociety.org/about/ (accessed December 12, 2018). Central Florida News 13. "<a href="http://mms.tveyes.com/PlaybackPortal.aspx?SavedEditID=563c8272-fdf2-4562-ba64-1d23be8221f9">Jones High School Shares Its History</a>." CFNews13, March 6, 2019. Accessed March 7, 2019. http://mms.tveyes.com/PlaybackPortal.aspx?SavedEditID=563c8272-fdf2-4562-ba64-1d23be8221f9. African-American community African-American school African-Americans education high schools Jones High School Jones High School Historical Society, Inc. newspapers orlando Orlando Evening Star Parramore principals schools https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/667dfa5dcb340dd007bb259bff6c3712.jpg 4eac20363d88c1b10da96feedb8ada87 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Jones High School Historical Museum Collection Description Located in the Parramore/Lorna Doone neighborhood of downtown Orlando, Jones High School was the first area public school for African-Americans. The original building was located on the corner of Garland Avenue and Church Street, but the school was renamed the Johnson Academy and moved to a new building on the corner of Chatham Avenue and West Jefferson Street. In 1921, the school was renamed in honor Principal L. C. Jones and a brick colonial revival building was constructed on the corner of Parramore Avenue and Washington Street. The school was finally moved to its current location at 801 South Rio Grande Avenue in 1952. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Kirk Firm on Mix Ban Alternative Title Newspaper Collage Subject Orlando (Fla.) High schools--Florida Schools Education--Florida Description Newspaper collage from the 1970 Jones High School yearbook. The articles describe a lottery in which teachers' names were drawn from a fishbowl to determine which school they would be assigned to. The county implemented this policy after the courts ordered desegregation in all schools. Located in the Parramore/Lorna Doone neighborhood of downtown Orlando, Jones High School was the first area public school for African-Americans. The original building was located on the corner of Garland Avenue and Church Street, but the school was renamed the Johnson Academy and moved to a new building on the corner of Chatham Avenue and West Jefferson Street. In 1921, the school was renamed in honor Principal L. C. Jones and a brick colonial revival building was constructed on the corner of Parramore Avenue and Washington Street. The school was finally moved to its current location at 801 South Rio Grande Avenue in 1952. Type Still Image Source Original newspaper clippings: <a href="https://joneshighschoolhistoricalsociety.org/">Jones High School Historical Museum</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/214" target="_blank">Jones High School Historical Museum Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper clippings. Coverage Jones High School, Orlando, Florida Creator Orlando Evening Star Publisher Orlando Evening Star Date Created ca. 1970 Format image/jpg Extent 642 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Orlando Evening Star. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://joneshs.ocps.net/">Jones High School</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Jones High School Historical Society Digitization Project Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://joneshighschoolhistoricalsociety.org/">Jones High School Historical Museum</a> External Reference Feigenbaum, Nancy. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1995-01-22/news/9501230388_1_jones-high-black-schools-orlando-school" target="_blank">A 100-year History Lesson At Jones</a>." Orlando Sentinel, January 22, 1995. Accessed December 12, 2018. Jones High School. <a target="_blank">School Information: History</a>." Joneshs.ocpc.net. https://joneshs.ocps.net/school_information/history (accessed December 12, 2018). Jones High School Historical Society, Inc. "<a href="https://joneshighschoolhistoricalsociety.org/about/" target="_blank">About</a>." Joneshighschoolhistoricalsociety.org. https://joneshighschoolhistoricalsociety.org/about/ (accessed December 12, 2018). Central Florida News 13. "<a href="http://mms.tveyes.com/PlaybackPortal.aspx?SavedEditID=563c8272-fdf2-4562-ba64-1d23be8221f9">Jones High School Shares Its History</a>." CFNews13, March 6, 2019. Accessed March 7, 2019. http://mms.tveyes.com/PlaybackPortal.aspx?SavedEditID=563c8272-fdf2-4562-ba64-1d23be8221f9. African-American community African-American school African-Americans education high schools Jones High School Jones High School Historical Society, Inc. newspapers orlando Orlando Evening Star Parramore principals schools https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/234aa9e312c9f871708dccfe8d198e2e.jpg 1eb956421e41a1364d9da8e0ef3888dc https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2e84e63d4c3f506902f88aa6e416432f.jpg e79ec63a876b6840c65c183bd4f9281c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Orlando Unitarian Universalists can follow their roots back to 1912, when Reverend Eleanor Gordon was first minister to a church formed with 21 members. Building Unity Chapel in 1913, the group shared literary and spirited discussions, fostered by transplanted Unitarians from the North. Property in an orange grove east of town was purchased in 1954. The congregation moved from Lake Eola to Robinson and Hampton once children’s religious education classrooms and a social/worship hall were built in 1958. Gore Hall was completed in 1963, and served as a worship facility for many years. The current modern Sanctuary was dedicated in January of 1995. Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Contributing Project Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator McDonough, Bryan Bixler, Girffin Wojtyto, Joanne Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011 Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Proposed Charter of the Orlando Ministerial Association Alternative Title Orlando Ministerial Association Proposed Charter Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Proposed charter for the Orlando Ministerial Association, which was a group of white, black and Jewish clergymen whose goal was to meet the social, moral and religious problems of Orlando. The association was open to people of all races and creeds, making it one of the few integrated associations in Orlando at the time. The charter committee included Fred A. Corliss, J. E. Williams, E. Page, J. C. Fuller, R. B. Hemingway and J. M. Phipps. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten reports, March 5, 1956: <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/218" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection</a> Coverage First Unitarian Church of Orlando, Florida Creator Orlando Ministerial Association Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Date Created ca. 1958-03 Format image/jpg Extent 6.81 MB 6.91 MB Medium 2 one-page typewritten reports Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Orlando Ministerial Association and published by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator McDonough, Bryan Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011. Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. charter E. Page First Unitarian Church of Orlando Fred A. Corliss J.C. Fuller J.E. Williams J.M. Phipps orlando Orlando Ministerial Association R.B. Hemingway religion religious groups https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fc74148de09b881201c91ce9c41336c6.jpg 410e883b43d0c0a9bd2c6e263e94e8ac https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e6f1d5ed165dbeaf04b5df2913f81312.jpg c4406f17834e85ec7791d30b2d950768 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description Orlando Unitarian Universalists can follow their roots back to 1912, when Reverend Eleanor Gordon was first minister to a church formed with 21 members. Building Unity Chapel in 1913, the group shared literary and spirited discussions, fostered by transplanted Unitarians from the North. Property in an orange grove east of town was purchased in 1954. The congregation moved from Lake Eola to Robinson and Hampton once children’s religious education classrooms and a social/worship hall were built in 1958. Gore Hall was completed in 1963, and served as a worship facility for many years. The current modern Sanctuary was dedicated in January of 1995. Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Contributing Project Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator McDonough, Bryan Bixler, Girffin Wojtyto, Joanne Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011 Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Minutes of Charter Meeting, February 20, 1958 Alternative Title Orlando Ministerial Association Minutes of Charter Meeting Subject First Unitarian Church of Orlando Description The Orlando Ministerial Association's minutes of a charter meeting on February 20, 1958. The meeting was held at Temple Israel in Winter Springs, Florida. The association was founded with the purpose of being "open to all clergymen of Orlando regardless of faith or race or creed" and to "attempt to meet the challenge and development of Orlando, with its concomitant social, moral and religious problems, through the unified thinking and action of all religious leaders". The document lists the charter members and the elections of officers. The minutes were recorded by John C. Fuller of the First Orlando Unitarian Church, who was the secretary of the association at this time. There are handwritten edits on both documents. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original typewritten reports, February 20, 1958: <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/218" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection</a> Coverage Temple Israel, Winter Springs, Florida Creator Orlando Ministerial Association Publisher <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> Date Created 1958-02-20 Format image/jpg Extent 13.2 MB 8.75 MB Medium 2 one-page typewritten reports Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Orlando Ministerial Association and published by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this source is held by the <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator McDonough, Bryan Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.orlandouu.org/" target="_blank">First Unitarian Church of Orlando</a> External Reference Buehrens, John A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/678924285" target="_blank">Universalists and Unitarians in America: A People's History</a>. Boston: Skinner House Books, 2011. Hoefer, Jean M., and Irene Baros-Johnson. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18785026" target="_blank">May No One Be a Stranger: 150 Years of Unitarian Presence in Syracuse</a>. Syracuse, N.Y. (3800 E. Genesee St., Syracuse 13214): May Memorial Unitarian Society, 1988. E. Page E.T. Brown First Unitarian Church of Orlando Fred A. Corliss Henry L. Shwartz J.F. Williams J.M. Phipps J.W. Spaulding James N. Gibbs John C. Fuller Michael Kurz N.G. Staggers Orlando Ministerial Association R.B. Hemingway R.H. Johnson religion religious groups Temple Israel Winter Springs