6 100 4936 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4f1d2e9b391d6478b313cfd1405abed7.pdf d03340fee587e1ff97d92ab87d933922 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Westinghouse Electric Collection Alternative Title Westinghouse Collection Subject Westinghouse Electric Corporation Description Originally called the Westinghouse Electric Company, George Westinghouse (1846-1914) founded his manufacturing company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. In 1889, he renamed his business the The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Westinghouse's primary products include turbines, generators, motors and switchgear related to the generation, transmission, and use of electricity. The company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. In 1981, the company began to relocate its divison headquarters for the Steam-Turbine Generator Divisions from Pennsylvania (turbines from Lester and generators from Pittsburgh) to Orlando, Florida. The Power Generation Business Unit (PGBU) building was located in The Quadrangle, at 4400 Alafaya Trail. Originally, Westinghouse had purchased a large plot of land for future development that extended westward from Alafaya Trail to Rouse Road. The original headquarters was located on several acres of that land parcel close to Alafaya Trail. In 1994, after a major corporate management shuffling, and a top-level decision to change from an industrial manufacturing company to primarily a broadcasting/communications company, Westinghouse bought the CBS Network and changed its name to the CBS Corporation. As the PGBU grew in size, other buildings in the area were leased and then, after PGBU was sold to Siemens Corporation of Germany in 1998, additional buildings (Quad II and Quad III) were added to the original complex at the Quadrangle. From 1998 to 2003 the Orlando operation was known as Siemens-Westinghouse, after which the name of Westinghouse was dropped. The operation has been known as Siemens from that time forward. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Orlando, Florida Curator DeRosa, Peter Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History" target="_blank">History</a>." Westinghouse Nuclear. http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422" target="_blank">Westinghouse Power Generation Booklet</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Evolution of the Central Station Steam Turbine in the United States Alternative Title Evolution of Central Station Steam Turbine Subject Engineering--United States Description An academic paper by Ronald L. Bannister and George J. Silvestri, Jr., presented at the American Society of Mechanical Engineers' (ASME) Winter Annual Meeting in 1988. Westinghouse Electric Corporation pioneered in the development of steam turbines for power generation when George Westinghouse (1846-1914) acquired the license to build and market the steam turbine developed by the Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company. The first U.S.-built Westinghouse steam turbine (120kW) was built and installed in 1897. In 1902, the first Westinghouse electric utility steam turbine (1500kW) was installed at Hartford Electric Light Company. Originally called the Westinghouse Electric Company, George Westinghouse (1846-1914) founded his manufacturing company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. In 1889, he renamed his business The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Westinghouse's primary products include turbines, generators, motors and switchgear related to the generation, transmission, and use of electricity. The company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. In 1981, the company began to relocate its division headquarters for the Steam-Turbine Generator Divisions from Pennsylvania (turbines from Lester and generators from Pittsburgh) to Orlando, Florida. The Power Generation Business Unit (PGBU) building was located in The Quadrangle, at 4400 Alafaya Trail. Originally, Westinghouse had purchased a large plot of land for future development that extended westward from Alafaya Trail to Rouse Road. The original headquarters was located on several acres of that land parcel close to Alafaya Trail. As the PGBU grew in size, other buildings were rented and then, after PGBU was sold to Siemens Corporation, additional buildings were added to the complex. In 1994, after a major corporate management shuffling and commitment to change from an industrial manufacturing company to primarily a broadcasting/communications company, Westinghouse bought the CBS Network and changed its name to the CBS Corporation. As the PGBU grew in size, other buildings were rented and then, after PGBU was sold to Siemens Corporation in 1998, additional buildings were added to the Quadrangle. Type Text Source Original 15-page academic paper: Bannister, Ronald L. and George J. Silvestri, Jr., "Evolution of the Central Station Steam Turbine in the United States." Paper presented at the winter annual meeting for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York City, New York, November-December 1988. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/169" target="_blank">Westinghouse Electric Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 15-page academic paper: Bannister, Ronald L. and George J. Silvestri, Jr., "Evolution of the Central Station Steam Turbine in the United States." Paper presented at the winter annual meeting for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York City, New York, November-December 1988. Coverage Westinghouse Power Generation Business Unit, Orlando, Florida Creator Bannister, Ronald L. George J. Silvestri, Jr. Contributor Jaeger, Harry L. Date Created ca. 1988-11 Date Submitted ca. 1988-11 Format application/pdf Extent 3.39 MB Medium 15-page academic paper Language eng Mediator History Teacher Science Teacher Provenance Originally created by Ronald L. Bannister and George J. Silvestri, Jr. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Ronald L. Bannister and George J. Silvestri, Jr. is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Jaeger, Harry L. Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://findingaids.hagley.org/xtf/view?docId=ead/1969_170.xml&doc.view=content&brand=default&anchor.id=0#ref650.1" target="_blank">Westinghouse Electric Corporation Steam Division photograph collection</a>." Hagley Museum and Library. http://findingaids.hagley.org/xtf/view?docId=ead/1969_170.xml&doc.view=content&brand=default&anchor.id=0#ref650.1. "<a href="http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History" target="_blank">History</a>." Westinghouse Nuclear. http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422" target="_blank">Westinghouse Power Generation Booklet</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422. Allis Chalmers Company American Electric Company American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME Auguste Camille Edmond Rateau Auguste Rateau Bullock Electric Company C. G. Curtis central station steam turbines Charles Algernon Parsons Duquesne Light Company Eddystone 1 Edison Electric Light Company Edison General Electric Company Edison Lamp Company Edison Machine Works Electric Power Research Institute engineering EPRI external moisture removal Gaulard and Gibbs Transformers General Electric Company George J. Silvestri, Jr. George Westinghouse Gustaf de Laval Hartford Electric Company Karl Gustaf Patrik de Laval moisture separation multiple reheat nuclear cycle orlando Philadelphia Electric Company Public Service Electric Company Rankine cycle regenerative cycle reheat cycle Ronald L. Bannister Sprague Electric Railway and Motor Company steam reheat cycle Thomas Alva Edison Thomas Edison Thomson-Houston Electric Company Union Switch and Signal Company vortex balding Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company Westinghouse Electric Company Westinghouse Electric Corporation Westinghouse Machine Company https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5e05a8a9d3cb57a886d7d1f148bc53fc.pdf 772a32d43d04ee453dad19956ca1c7d9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Watermark Collection Alternative Title The Watermark Collection Subject Gay culture--United States Description Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES Program</a> Type Collection Contributing Project <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/%20" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/">The Watermark</a> Curator Smith, Robert Cepero, Laura O'Neal, Rhiannon Hearn, Nikki Greene, Quintella Rodriguez, Sharon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/%20" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/" target="_blank">About/Contact</a>." WatermarkOnline.com, accessed July 11, 2016. http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Watermark, Vol. 1, No. 2, September 14, 1994 Alternative Title Watermark, Vol. 1, No. 2 Subject Gay culture--United States Description The second issue of The Watermark was published on September 14, 1994, and focused on a wider spectrum of LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) topics. Kicking off the news was the cover article covering the "Gayby Boom," which was the push for LGBTQ+ members to have children. Continuing a more family-focused set of articles was an article covering the harassment of gay teens at Apopka High School, a look at the LGBTQ+ community housing market, and a new section of restaurant reviews. This issue also included a larger selection of national news stories, including Oregon’s Anti-Gay initiative, Seattle’s Domestic Partnership Registration, North Carolina’s attempt to keep records of unmarried couples, and the U.S. Navy’s reinstatement of a gay sailor are among the highlights. Notably missing are articles covering the nightlife of the area, through advertisements are still present. As the publication ages and spreads, nightlife becomes one of its primary sections so seeing an early issue without demonstrates the evolving nature of the publication during its early years. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark. Type Text Source Original 24-page newspaper: <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">The Watermark</a>, Vol. 1, No. 2, September 14, 1994: Publications Collection, <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/203" target="_blank">The Watermark Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 24-page newspaper: <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">The Watermark</a>, Vol. 1, No. 2, September 14, 1994. Coverage Orlando, Florida Apopka High School, Apopka, Florida West Palm Beach, Florida Salem, Oregon Seattle, Washington Carrboro, North Carolina Jacksonville, North Carolina Des Moines, Iowa Tallahassee, Florida Atlanta, Georgia San Francisco, California Creator Barber, Keith Brenner, Harmony Crescitelli, James A. De Mattels, Stephen Dyer, Tom Maines, Ted Newman, Lesléa O'Lay, Lola Sloan, Rosanne Toscas, Dimitri Publisher <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Media</a> Date Created ca. 1994-09-14 Date Issued 1994-09-14 Date Copyrighted 1994-09-14 Format application/pdf Medium 24-page newspaper Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally published by <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Media</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Publishing Group</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> Curator Smith, Robert Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/" target="_blank">About/Contact</a>." WatermarkOnline.com, accessed July 11, 2016. http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/. Transcript V FLORIDA'S DISTINCTIVE GAY AND LESBIAN PUBLICATION. VOLUME 1, NUMBER 2 SEPTEMBER 14,1994 HIGH SCHOOL HARASSMENT Gay teens are threatened, abused...often ignored. Vassel JBBliil Each time Brandon Ethridge returned to " school jt bet^meA-#tat hipi ijjore ^ afraid of the next. What started off as an occa- .. sionai occurrence became a daily thing. A ra- School and certain students were not w illing to j let if go, he said. 1 “Ever since seventh grade, minors had been 1 spread and kids started saying things and occa* sionally doing things like flicking me on die ears. But it was my last year at Apopka that things got really bad,’* said Ethridge, 18. “My close friends knew I was gay, but 1 had tried to keep it secret otherwise. But people I didn't even know would grab me in die halls and punch me. It got so I didn't want to go back/’ he added. fared, 17, is in the process of studying for his G.E.D. (General Education Diploma) after dropping out last semester from Dr, Phillips >' High School Jared said he was daily taunted jf for being gay and, because of his perception that the administration was both uncaring and able to do little to help him, he never pursued complaints and insteadchose to leave/ Michael (not his real name), a 16-year-old student at Lyman Hign School in Longwood, said he witnessed a fellow student being repeat- I edly harassed because of his “feminine” de- ||g meaner. Although he never witnessed any . physical abuse, he said tie graduating senior was regularly taunted by being called a “child molester”, “germ” and “fag”. “It happened a lot and people didn't talk to him. I didn't talk to him. I felt very sorry for Mm hut I never said anything,” Michael said. Several educators interviewed said harassment of kids by other kids is, unfortunately, a regular part of school life. And, in a reflection of the general society, kids will use sexual ori- Continued Page 5 GAYBY BOOM More and More, Lesbians Are Choosing To Be Mothers by Harmony Brenner Janice and Marcia. Janice is 36 years old and seven months pregnant. She works as a healthcare manager at a local medical facility. She explained her initial reaction when she discovered she was carrying a child: “I got pregnant on the first try, which is extremely unusual. We were afraid it was too easy.. .like if something comes too easy, it must not be true or important. But this experience gets more significant every day^ Janice’" pirtne : wed zr • vant, nods in agreement. This may be a common reaction among expecting couples, but Janice’s situation is unusual. She and her partner Marcia are among the increasing numbers of lesbians who are choosing to be mothers. Like many lesbian couples, Janice and Marcia chose to conceive by means of artificial insemination. Marcia will fully participate in the birth and co-parenting of their unborn baby girl, whom they have decided to name “Taylor”. To initiate the process of conception, a nurse practitioner at a local birthing center referred Janice and Marcia to The Sperm Bank of California, in Oakland. Reflecting recent trends, this sperm bank states in their marketing literature: “The donor insemination program at our center is for all women, regardless of race, marital status or sexual orientation. Lesbians, single women and women with in- fertile partners are encouraged to participate.” But Marcia said that at first, “it was hard to find a place to serve lesbians.” Janice and Marcia’s total cost for the donor insemination process was $276.00, including specimen, shipping, and evaluation fees. This cost was unusually low, however, because Janice conceived after the first insemination. They first considered asking a friend to donate, but both women ar* satisfied with their choice to use dbhbr. Both legally and emotionally, anonymous donors »an make the process less complicated. Taylor’s donor wants no contact with the child until she reaches 18. Anonymous donors also offer more flexibility and choice. For instance, since Marcia is a redhead with fair complexion, and Janice is brunette, they attempted to blend physical characteristics when choosing a donor. Awkwardly, Janice will be their daughters only legal parent. Thus far, only two states have allowed lesbian partners to legally adopt their partner’s biological child(ren). Janice and Marcia have no desire to test Florida law in that regard. Instead, they are presently using a local attorney to draft several legal documents which evidence Marcia’s parenting rights in the event Janice dies or becomes incapacitated. They have also drafted detailed wills reflecting their wishes and the nature of their relationship. To avoid Continued Page 4 WATERMARK / September 14,1994 2 U9 (407) 644-7111 JUST NORTH OF LEE ROAD ON 17-92 Tjr if FRED BERLINER Serving Central Florida's Family Since 1985 Flexible Financing, Sales and Leasing 6 Consecutive Years' Membership in Ford's Top 2% Sales Se Habla Espariol ALL FORDS ARE CREATED EQUAL. DON REID FORD MAKES THE DIFFERENCE UJ S DC 1 > A N D°Nnofc REID XI ford’XSI w MAITLAND JJ S<S' in LEE ROAD y 1 $ I /1inNTE?\ mm park V^KIMiy WATERMARK / September 14,1994 3 Election Results Orange County Chairman Linda Chapin Eton Pignone Tom Dorman wmii»s: 22,W®m Orange County Deborah Ble Bruce Nants wmmim rnmamm tzm-nw Roger McDonald Bob Wattles wi&imi 2BABS (33%) Stele House, District 35, Democrat Susan Pickman %53 Dan Spoone lt30. LOCAL & STATE NEWS GAY-SUPPORTIVE CANDIDATES MAKE STRONG SHOWING IN PRIMARY ELECTIONS Four of five candidates who have openly embraced the gay community made strong showings in the primary races held September 8. Of the five candidates, three won positions in run-off elections to be held November 8, including Orange County Chairman candidate Fran Pignone. One candidate - Susan Pickman - won her election outright. State House Democratic candidate Pickman won her District 35 race handily against Dan Spoone and will face Republican Bob Brooks in the November 8 election. Of the five candidates, only Insurance Commissioner candidate Karen Gievers failed to gamer enough votes to claim a spot in the run-off elections. Orange County Judge Group 5 candidate Deborah Bleckman surprised many political observers by her strong showing in a primary race against George Winslow, Jr. and Bruce Nants. Blechman finished first in the race with 42 percent of the vote, compared to 41 percent for Winslow and 17 percent for Nants. Blechman will face Winslow in the Nov. 8 run-off. (In these primary races, if no candidate receives 50 percent of the vote or more, the top two finishers compete in a runoff election.) Roger McDonald, candidate for 9th Circuit Court Judge, Group 28, also qualified for the run-off election. His 34 percent placed him above competitors Dan Mathews (32 percent) and Bob Wattles (33 percent). In the Orange County Chairman race, the most hotly-contested local match-up in this election, Orange County Commissioner Fran Pignone garnered 31 percent of the vote in an effort to unseat incumbent Linda Chapin. Chapin finished first in the primary with 42 percent, while Republican Tom Dorman finished a close third to Pignone, collecting 27 percent. Dorman is expected to support Pignone in the run-off election. According to Pignone campaign manager Linda Stewart, Pignone’s chances in the November 8 election are good, although she concedes there is a lot of work to be done. “We are going to concentrate on areas where we didn’t do quite as well as we should have,” Stewart said. This includes heavily African-American areas such as Washington Shores, Eatonville, Apopka, and Azalea Park, as well as Chapin strong-holds in Winter Park and Maitland. “Of course we won’t ignore the areas where Fran did well: the working class neighborhoods all across Orange County,” Stewart said. While Stewart recognized the contribution the gay and lesbian community made to Pignone’s success, she said that without adequate statistics, it would be impossible to discern what impact the gay and lesbian vote had on the outcome of the election. Strangely perhaps, the Orlando Sentinel stated in a September 10 article that a strong gay and lesbian voting block in east Orange County helped Pignone. The article, however, did not list which communities would be included in that block. ACLU CHANGES STRATEGY IN SAME SEX MARRIAGE SUIT; PUTS CASE ON HOLD The ACLU of Central Florida will voluntarily dismiss its action for declaratory judgment in a lawsuit it filed challenging the constitutionality of a Florida Statute which prohibits same-sex marriages. The suit was filed in July 1993 on behalf of two Central Florida women, Shauna Underwood and Deina Davis, who were denied a marriage license by an Orange County Clerk. Although the case had been recently argued before Orange County Circuit Judge James Hauser, a number of interested groups agreed that voluntary dismissal was an appropriate strategy at this time. ACLU Cooperating attorney Peter Warren Kenny, who represents the two women says, “We want to coordinate our efforts with theirs as much as we can. After recent discussions with the Florida and national ACLU offices and the LAMBDA Legal Education and Defense Fund, we decided that our efforts in Florida were duplicating the same-sex marriage suit brought by LAMBDA in Hawaii several years ago. We expect a final decision in that lawsuit long before we could get a final decision in Florida.” Marti Mackenzie, Chairman of the Central Florida ACLU says, “We intend to follow developments in the Hawaii suit closely. Since the lawsuit was dismissed voluntarily, it can be refiled whenever we choose to do so. The ACLU will continue to support the right of any two consenting adults to marry and have the protection and benefits that a legal marriage can guarantee.” PROSECUTOR’S ANTI-GAY TIRADE DISMISSED WEST PALM BEACH, Fla. (AP) - A Broward County prosecutor accused of shouting anti-gay slurs and trashing a gay bar with a group of fellow rugby players won’t be tried on disorderly conduct or hate-crime charges. Mark McHugh, a felony division supervisor in Broward’s state attorney’s office, and three other men were arrested after about a dozen men wearing women’s clothing raided the Paradise Club in Boca Raton on June 17. There is insufficient evidence to pursue any charges against McHugh, Palm Beach County Assistant State Attorney Moira Lasch concluded Wednesday in a nine-page report. Christopher Hynes will be charged with disorderly conduct, and Edward Murphy faces a charge of resisting arrest without violence. Both charges are misdemeanors. Charges were dropped against a fourth man. Lasch, the losing prosecutor in the William Kennedy Smith case, said in a report she could not prove “that any one individual was targeted as a victim because of his sexual orientation.” But the Gay and Lesbian Lawyers Association of South Florida believes the state should pursue the charges. “If during the course of a disorderly conduct they say things that evidence prejudice, that’s the definition of a hate crime,” said Mark Leban, a Miami attorney and board member for the 60-member group. A dozen men were accused of jumping on tables, shouting anti-gay insults, smashing picture frames and pulling down plants at the bar. They went bar-hopping after finishing their rugby club’s annual cross-dressing golf tournament. Hynes was identified as wearing a black cocktail dress with spaghetti straps. Bartenders and a patron described the incident as “a mob scene”. WILL GOOD FENCES MAKE GOOD NEIGHBORS? The Parliament House and the Full Moon Saloon sit contiguously on N. Orange Blossom Trail, near Colonial Drive. Those visiting the adjoining properties this month noticed a new feature; a wire fence, ostensibly separating the two gay entertainment complexes. Although no official explanation has been offered, few seemed willing to accept the barrier as a logical division between separately owned and managed properties. Many patrons were outraged, calling the action childish and further evidence of divisiveness within the gay community. When contacted by Watermark, representatives of both the Parliament House and the Full Moon Saloon stated that the fence was constructed in compliance with a legal settlement agreement between the establishments. Both parties also indicated that the settlement restricted them from discussing the nature of the disagreement or the terms of the settlement. The wire fence constructed between the Parliament House and the Full Moon Saloon has not yet been closed off. WATERMARK / September 14,1994 4 NEWS GAYBY BOOM From Page 1 unnecessary complications, Taylor will use Janice’s surname. Perhaps surprisingly, Janice is concerned about how their gay friends will react to Taylor. “Having a child will drastically change our lives. We just won’t be able to get up and go like we used to. Also, typically in the gay community, kids aren’t around or their parents share custody. There aren’t many women in our church (Joy MCC) with babies. I wouldn’t be surprised if we lose some friends.” Marcia is more optimistic. “I don’t worry about the gay community, because if anybody should be supportive it’s them. As gay people, we know what being different is like.” Janice and Marcia are also concerned about Taylor’s acceptance in school. “Children can be cruel,” observes Janice. To prepare her, they plan to involve Taylor in counseling before she attends classes. “We want to be totally honest, and counseling will help us do that. We want her to know that we love her and God loves her,” Marcia explained. Both Janice and Marcia’s families are pleased about their pregnancy. “They are thrilled.. .ecstatic, really,” Marcia said, and Janice added, “They started sending baby gifts when I reached my first trimester.” Joy MCC, their church, has also shared their happiness, holding a baby shower for them. Both have received gifts and showers at work, as well. Lynn, Cathy and Wayne. Donor insemination via sperm bank is only one method for lesbian couples to get pregnant. Lynn and Cathy decided to ask their close friend Wayne to father their child. Wayne is a 40 year old gay male, recently separated from a longterm relationship. Lynn is 36 and three months pregnant. They met at a work-related seminar. “Lynn was wearing a shirt with a pink triangle on it,” Wayne smiled. “It’s always been a dream to have a baby. It’s something that’s missing in my life.” Lynn also shared this dream, and after six months of discussion, Lynn, Cathy and Wayne decided to try to conceive. Wayne feels his desire to father a child contributed to the end of his relationship. “He didn’t want a child. This dream of mine made him look at his own issues,” Wayne explained. His ex-partner was also concerned that the child’s legal rights would supercede his own. Lynn and Cathy discussed parenting for more than two years. Ultimately, they agreed to share in a mutual parenting relationship and iron out the issue of roles as they went along. But first they had to decide how to father the child. They originally planned to use an anonymous donor, but changed their minds. “My father died when I was very young,” Lynn explained, “and I really missed having that connection.” They also considered using a straight male friend as donor, but Wayne’s circumstances seemed ideal. Wayne and Lynn inseminated at home without medical assistance. “At first we tried using a turkey baster. Then we used a medical syringe,” Lynn said. Ultimately they were successful by inseminating one day before ovulation, the day of ovulation, and the day after ovulation. It took 19 attempts. By mutual agreement, Lynn and Cathy will assume custody and support responsibilities and Wayne will have liberal visitation. With the assistance of an attorney, they drafted a co-parenting contract that specified, among other things, that Wayne would never seek custody of the child and Lynn can now to hese/me man soacE! Friday, Sept. 23,1994, Dinner L Shoui $*,5 For Tickets Call Lisa Talmad?e: 89^-5395 or The Rainbow Democratic Club: 236-92,76 would never seek child support from Wayne. Wayne will be listed as father on the baby,’s birth certificate. Wayne initially hoped that baby would be a girl, but as the pregnancy evolved, he states, “gender preference was no longer an issue.” Lynn however, is hoping for a girl, feeling this would be easier since the child will be living primarily with two women. Cathy hopes for a boy, but has some fears that a boy may be rejected by their lesbian friends. “After a boy reaches a certain age, lesbians may restrict his presence at their events.” A recent sonogram suggests that the baby will, in fact, likely be a boy. Wayne observed, “I really see this as an ongoing process. We’re going to learn and experience things as we go along.” Lynn ability to be his or her own person, whatever that will be.” She plans to discuss these issues, “according to the child’s level of maturity and understanding. “Wayne feels, “Since Lynn, Cathy and I are all friends, our child will understand what friendship is about and how important it is. It’s golden.” The Donor Insemination Process. Donor insemination, also called artificial or alternative insemination, refers to the process whereby semen is donated by volunteers who remain anonymous to the recipients. These donors are rigorously interviewed and tested for a battery of communicable diseases and for sperm viability. Genetic histories are evaluated, and addi- JANICE AND MARCIA’S NURSERY IS READY FOR TAYLOR’S ARRIVAL IN APPROXIMATELY 6 WEEKS. agreed. “We have an open enough relationship to discuss anything that comes up and we’ll address these issues accordingly.” Addressing the subject of potential discrimination, Wayne stated, “As a gay man of color, I will know how to help my child deal with prejudice.” Lynn appears less concerned. “I haven’t thought about it that much. The people I deal with are my true friends, and my family accepts my pregnancy.” Wayne added, “Lots of family and friends have opinions [about the baby]. It’s a struggle to differentiate between what someone else wants and what we want. I have to act as an advocate for the baby and myself, and not get caught up in other people’s issues.” He believes the child will be, “healthy in all respects and have lots of opportunities because he or she will have three important people loving and caring for it. This child is wanted and cared about.” As regards any speculation they may have about the child’s sexual orientation, Lynn said, “I want my child to have the tional testing is done if indicated. If a donor meets all requirements, their specimens are quarantined for six months and then retested for HIV antibodies. The specimens then remain frozen, available for purchase by a doctor or nurse practitioner. Recipients can select donors for certain physical characteristics, such as height, weight, hair and eye color, and ethnicity. Recipients are asked to choose at least four donor candidates in case a certain donor is unavailable. The Sperm Bank of California limits each donor to contributing to six live births, but this policy varies with each provider. Currently, about 65,000 annual live births each year result from donor insemination. It is likely that, as technology improves, prices decrease, and success rates soar, donor insemination will be an increasingly popular option, particularly for potential gay parents. As Janice, Marcia, Lynn, Cathy and Wayne demonstrate, all that’s needed is a little extra motivation and flexibility, and a lot of love. JUST 30 MINUTES FROM ORLANDO 6 MILES NORTH OF CLERMONT ON U.S. 27 • 1-800-768-WINE WATERMARK / September 14,1994 5 NEWS HIGH SCHOOL From Page 1 HARASSMENT VICTIM BRANDON ETHRIDGE HAD FEW “GREAT DAYS” AT APOPKA HIGH SCHOOL entation against someone whenever they feel they can get away with it. “In the 20 years I’ve been with the school system I’ve only had two children actually talk to me about being gay and getting harassed. The other kids dealt with it and tried to keep it quiet. They did not want to get us (staff) involved,” said Tom Johnston, a guidance counselor at Boone High School. Ethridge, during his final year at Apopka, did begin complaining to the school administration. But, according to Dr. John Edwards, principal at Apopka High, at no time during his complaints did Ethridge say he was being harassed on suspicion of being gay. “Brandon never said he was gay or he was being harassed for being gay. This is the first time I have even heard that mentioned. My understanding was he was being bothered because of the clothes he wore and the fact he kept coming to school with different colored hair,” Edwards said. Ethridge said his clothes and hair were a factor, as he often wore baggy, “skaters” clothes and at one point had his hair dyed purple. However, those were not the only reasons for his torment, he said, and the administration knew that. He accumulated a lot of absences and his parents talked to Edwards about what could be done to ensure he graduated. Ethridge credits Edwards with being willing to work with him so he would not flunk out of school, but said he resents the fact that nothing was ever done against his tormentors. “I honestly don’t think they did all they could. They would just tell the kids bothering me ‘You shouldn’t be doing this,”’ Ethridge said. He eventually finished the last few weeks of school by combining schoolwork done at home with attending classes for final tests. Edwards said he was unable to discuss specifics of Ethridge’s time at Apopka High but noted, in general, it is difficult to take disciplinary action if specific individuals are not identified and all the details are not given to the school administration. For example, Ethridge alleges he was often hit by other students and at one time was beaten up. “The only harassment I mostly heard about was verbal. I also heard he’d been pushed and someone flicked the back of his head. Nothing about being beaten up,” Edwards said. The 130-school Orange County School System annually racks up its share of assaults and battery. According to the system’s 1992-94 incident reports, there were 423 incidents of battery (physical attacks with harm) and 321 incidents of assault (threat of physical harm), said Orange County Pub- lic Schools spokeswoman, Patty Villane. But during those two school years there were zero incidents of sexual harassment listed. “I don’t know why that is so. I wouldn’t even speculate,” said Villane, adding that she had no way of knowing if sexual harassment based on sexual orientation was a regular occurrence in the schools. The annual report lists only incidents resulting in some type of disciplinary action, suspension or expulsion, Villane said. Therefore, any sexual harassment complaints not resulting in any of those would not be reported to the school board. “I’ve overheard talk of individual cases but I don’t know if there’s an actual report anywhere,” she said. “There is no way to track such incidents without it being in reports.” Rick Johnson, an assistant principal at Lyman High School, said he has the perception it happens everywhere. “Kids are kids,” Johnson said. “I can’t speak for the school or the school system, but I, personally, don’t know of any incidents at Lyman. We try and keep our eyes and ears open but if they (students) don’t come and let us know, we can’t do anything. If they come to us, we always investigate,” he added. Villane said the school system, in its training of teachers, seeks to impart respect for the sexuality of students, but said she does not know how focused it is on sensitizing educators to the issue of sexual preference. Within the schools students are sensitized in courses such as Humanities and Life Management, she said. The stated policy of the Orange County School Board is that no student is to be disparaged or offended because of their “race, color, religion, age, sex, national origin, marital status, handicap or any other reason prohibited by law.” The state Board of Regents, which oversees the state’s colleges and universities, goes further in its Code of Ethics by including “sexual orientation or social and family background” as factors no student should be harassed for or discriminated against. Ethridge said, in the claustrophobic world of the schools, being gay is not something you talk about. “I wasn’t ever really out. I told my close friends and that was it. I didn’t even tell my parents until recently. The other gay kids kept it real secretive,” he said. Michael, the Lyman student, said witnessing the other student’s harassment made him paranoid about being thought to be gay. “I’ve never had a girlfriend. I just can’t bring myself to do that, although I know other gay guys who do that to cover up. But, I’m very masculine in appearance and I have two best friends who are girls so they (fellow students) assume I’m dating them,” Michael said. Gay and lesbian Community Services (GLCS) of Central Florida reports it receives calls from gay teenagers on an almost daily basis. “Unfortunately, I get a lot who have been abused physically, psychologically, and emotionally,” said Larry, a GLCS Center volunteer. Locally, teenagers who are seeking to have contact with other gay teens are referred to the Delta Youth Alliance, which sponsors a weekly discussion group, the Center volunteer said. Up to 30 teens regularly attend the group which, for their protection and privacy, does not meet at the Center. While Delta has individuals up to 21 years old attending, the Center recently started a new group called Rainbow Con- nection, a social and discussion group, for 18 to 25-year-olds. It meets Thursdays at 7:30 p.m. at the Center, 714 E. Colonial Drive. Such groups are important, Ethridge said, for young people who are trying to come to terms with their sexual orientation in an often hostile world where their friends and, often, their parents and families are in the dark about who they are. It is through talking that Ethridge can find himself laughing at the irony of an incident he was recently involved in. “I just started at U.C.F. (University of Central Florida) and I went to the event where you try to get into fraternities. I have a lot of buttons on my backpack that indicate I’m gay. I was going to try for this one fraternity but one of the members pulled me aside and said he’s seen my buttons and I’m not the kind of person they are looking for,” Ethridge said. SSP policy forbids the sexual harassment of students. It defines such harassment* in part* as any action which “,..cre-afes an intimidating, hostile or offensive school environment,” and this can he from “repeatedremarks to a person with sexual or demeaning implies- It suggests that signed complaints be made in writing to the principal and include the precise nature of the objection. The principal will acknowl-edge the complaint and collect information relevant to it. After a review, the principal will decide the issue and inform the complainant of the dect~ the district's equal opportunity officer* the policy states, Patty Villane, an Orange County Public Schools spoke*....... : : ■ : * ' % : r with counselling and referral to other organizations. . AH educators interviewed said any complaint, whether written or ver~ ^,.:baj|would beil&en seriously and investigated, The Hope and Help Center’s 5th Annual The Hilton at Walt Disney World® Village Saturday, September 17, 1994 6:30 pm Cocktails 8:00 pm Dinner/Auction $5,000 9:30 pm Show and Competition ********* &J4Z PaXw* $2,500 ******** lily. $1,000 Individual Tickets - $75.00 Corporate tables from $750.00 CctoM For Tickets call 645-2577 WATERMARK / September 14, 1994 6 NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL NEWS *** *** 4% •I* *•* 4* > *4*. HIAWASSEE VETERINARY CUNIC SANDY M. FINK, DVM **£ Dentistry •i» Dermatology Boarding •i> Flea Control *i? Baths/Dips ‘i? Vaccinations $ Pet Supplies Behavior Problems -*i» Nutrition Dog Training (407)299-3969 Hours by Appointment 6525 Old Winter Garden Road’Orlando, FL 32835 OAKHILL VILLAGE SHOPPING CENTER 6570 Old Winter Garden Rd. (Near Food Lion) 297-6655 Open Mon.-Sat. 10:30am til 8pm THE UJI ■ ■ Mfc [H EALT H NUT Kal Diet DIET SALE Diet Pep Max 60 Gels Cybergenic Quick Trim 14 Day Kit! 60 Tabs REG $14.99 REG $13.95 SALE $ 9.99 REG $49.95 SALE $39.95 SALE $11.95 DIRECTORY SPECIAL Up Your Gas $12.95 Save $2 Homeopathic Hylands Calm Sleep Aid 100 Tabs REG $5.65 SALE $4.65 Great Selection of Herbal Teas (Tastes Great Iced) Sale prices valid thru Sept 24 Ask about our 20°/o discount on vitamins and supplements on Qreen Monday (Sept. 19) a IS MW "wm * / ■ENhHe^^ LAND TITLE INSURANCE of Citrus County, Inc. • Winter Springs Office Land Title Insurance Is proud to announce the opening of j|il;'^l^|>eautiful r#w Winter $pr|jf| office. *Jj§^ We are proud to offer: The mig.^ffipetitt#'rates^ffi the area ANTI-GAY MEASURE WILL BE ON OREGON BALLOT SALEM, Ore. (AP) - An anti-gay rights measure will be on Oregon’s ballot in November after a court challenge failed. The Oregon Court of Appeals on Thursday unanimously reversed a lower court’s decision that the proposal unconstitutionally contains more than one subject. Opponents of the measure decided not to appeal to the state Supreme Court. “On to the campaign,” said Lon Mabon, chairman of the Oregon Citizens Alliance, which sponsored the measure. “I feel really vindicated. Being unanimous says something about the argument they have been pursuing.” The initiative is a revised version of a more harshly worded measure defeated by Oregon voters in 1992. It would forbid spending public money in any way that promotes or expresses approval of homosexuality. It also would outlaw teaching children that homosexuality is a classification similar to race, religion, gender, age or national origin, and it would allow adults-only access to library books on homosexuality. Opponents contended those prohibitions were separate subjects. SEATTLE ALLOWS DOMESTIC PARTNER REGISTRATION SEATTLE (AP) - Carolyn Sue enjoyed a celebratory piece of chocolate raspberry cake with Linda Gonzalez outside the city clerk’s office after the couple registered as domestic partners. “It’s about time,” said Sue, a 57-year-old health educator for Group Health. “Now it’s official: We are a family.” The city officially recognized their domestic relationship for the first time when a new Seattle ordinance went into effect, allowing homosexual and heterosexual live-in couples to register at the clerk’s office as domestic partners. About 90 couples, mostly gay or lesbian, registered Tuesday, said Judith Pippin, city clerk. Mayor Norm Rice signed the Domestic Partnership Registration ordinance Aug. 5, after it was unanimously approved by the City Council. Seattle follows a dozen or so other cities that have similar domestic-partnership laws, including New York, San Francisco and Madison, Wis. Registrants must certify they are not married, are at least 18 years old, are not related by blood in a manner that would bar their marriage in Washington, are in a relationship of mutual support, caring and commitment, and are each other’s sole domestic partner. The cost to register is $25. Terminating a partnership requires only one notarized signature and costs nothing more. For the $25, the couples receive a certificate, but the document provides no legal benefits. It is not official acknowledgement of a gay marriage, since marriages are regulated by the state. One of the few opposite-sex couples waiting to register said they wanted to support the concept behind the ordinance. And, they said, domestic partnership suits them better than marriage now. TOWN DEBATES REGISTRATION OF UNMARRIED COUPLES CARRBORO, N.C. (AP) - Carrboro aldermen, who will decide next week whether to allow unmarried heterosexual and homosexual couples to register as domestic partners, heard religious arguments from both sides. “God’s word teaches us that fornication and adultery are a sin,” Jack Godley said at a Tuesday hearing. Gary Webb, pastor of the Calvary Baptist Church in Carrboro, said the board will break both the laws of God and North Carolina if it passes laws that condone adultery and homosexuality. “Each of you, when you took office, swore to uphold the laws of North Carolina,” he told the aldermen. A number of those in favor of the proposal said they are Christians who regularly attend church. Gay activist Doug Ferguson said voting for the measures will promote family values because it would strengthen the commitments of unmarried couples. Gloria Faley, a lesbian activist, said the ordinances would help bring people together in an accepting way. “Let this ordinance be the first step toward what Jesus tried to teach us,” she said. About 25 cities and a growing number of corporations provide for health benefits to their workers’ domestic partners. An ordinance in Seattle, which went into effect earlier this month, provides for no legal benefits. The board will vote on whether to approve or reject three measures. The first would allow the town clerk to accept and record statements of domestic partnership of unmarried Carrboro residents. The unions would be considered similar to marriages. The second proposal would require elected officials who are registered as domestic partners to file financial disclosure statements that include their partners. The third proposal would extend health and other benefits to the domestic partners of town employees. Carrboro does not pay health benefits for employees’ dependents, but it would allow employees to pay for their partners’ health insurance through the town’s plan. REINSTATEMENT OF GAY SAILOR PROVIDES LEGAL BOOST JACKSONVILLE, N.C. (AP) - The reinstatement of a homosexual sailor to the Navy is a legal boost for a Camp Lejeune Marine who admitted he was homosexual, the Marine’s lawyer said. The 9th Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals last week upheld the reinstatement of sailor Keith Meinhold, who was discharged after revealing his sexual preference on television after President Clinton announced his intention to lift the ban on homosexuals in the military. The court ruled that the military can bar homosexuals for sexual acts, but not for merely saying they are homosexuals. “Clearly the Meinhold decision will be very helpful to us,” said attorney Lanny Breuer, who represents Marine Sgt. Justin Elzie. “The court found exactly what we’ve been arguing.” Elzie disclosed his homosexuality on national television in 1993 after hearing Clinton’s announcement about lifting the ban on homosexuals in the military. An administrative board at Camp Lejeune voted in March 1993 to remove Elzie from the Marine Corps. Elzie filed a lawsuit against the government, claiming that the discharge violates his rights to free speech and due process. Last year, U.S. District Judge Stanley Sporkin of Washington, D.C., forbade military officials from discharging Elzie or taking any other “adverse action” until Elzie’s lawsuit is resolved. “He continues to serve and do his job every day,” Breuer said. WATERMARK / September 14,1994 7 NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL NEWS STUDY FINDS MANY AMERICANS HAVE HAD HOMOSEXUAL STIRRINGS WASHINGTON (AP) - A survey indicating that nearly one in five Americans has been attracted to someone of the same sex at some time since age 15 illustrates that sexual orientation isn’t a simple question of gay or straight, one of its authors says. “I think in most individuals there is some sort of range,” said David Wypij, a Harvard University statistician and co-author of the study. “You may be more heterosexual, you may be more homosexual.” The research, conducted at the Harvard School of Public Health and the Center for Health Policy Studies in Washington, has been criticized by some statisticians but touted by gay rights activists. The study found that between 6.2 percent and 20.8 percent of American men and 3.3 percent and 17.8 percent of American women could be considered “incidentally homosexual”. The lower estimates are based on reported same-sex sexual behavior during the previous five years. The higher numbers are based on reported homosexual behavior or attraction since age 15. “Our perspective is that sexual orientation isn’t just a yes-no, heterosexual-homosexual (question),” Wypij said. Research that might help define the size of the homosexual community plays directly into the debate over extending civil rights protections to this minority. Congress is considering legislation that would outlaw job discrimination based on sexual orientation. Opponents have cited research that they say shows only 1 percent of the population is gay, suggesting that gay people have little political clout. The study, which was presented at the Joint Statistical Meetings in Toronto in August and is being published in the Archives of Sexual Behavior, is the first national survey to look at the question of homosexual attraction. Interviewers spoke with 1,288 American men and 674 women, ages 16 to 50, and asked them each to complete questionnaires. The study said 1,200 men completed face-to-face interviews, which included 100 questions, and 1,130 answered 68 questions in the written survey. A total of 634 women completed the interviews and 588 finished the written portion. Other studies that have examined sexual attraction - such as those published by Alfred J. Kinsey in 1948 and 1953 - were not based on samples that could be extrapolated to the population as a whole. More recent national surveys have focused on behavior, not same-sex attraction. Randall Sell, lead author of the study and a doctoral candidate at Harvard, said he hopes the research will help elucidate the complexity of sexual orientation. “It’s more than just behavior; that’s only one measure,” he said. Tom W. Smith, a statistician at the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, called the study useful, but warned that the question on attraction was imprecise. “They basically asked whether you were ever attracted to a member of the same sex at any time since you were age 15 - which can mean one very fleeting, very trivial sensation or feeling,” Smith said. Despite such caveats, the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force immediately seized on the report, noting the figures are much higher than those last year from the Battelle Human Affairs Research Center, which reported 2 percent of the men surveyed had engaged in same-sex sexual behavior and 1 percent identified themselves as exclusively gay. That report has been used by religious conservatives to argue that homosexuals are a far smaller minority than previously believed. FEDERAL LEGISLATION WOULD HURT STUDENTS DES MOINES, Iowa (AP) - They say it’s silly, unrealistic and would hurt students who need help the most. But they’re not pushing for anything to be done about it. That, Iowa school leaders say, would start a public debate, and that’s just what ultraconservatives want about the amendment they’ve added to a federal funding bill to take money away from schools that teach acceptance of homosexuality. Cedar Rapids Superintendent Lew Finch says there’s no doubt about it - the amendment would hurt some students’ performance in school. “I’d hate to call it catastrophic, but it would be, at the least, devastating,” he said. U.S. Sens. Jesse Helms, R-N.C., and Bob Smith, R-N.H., got the Senate in August to add the amendment to the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which would give $12.5 billion to the nation’s schools. Under the amendment, schools that distribute instructional materials or offer counseling services that have “the purpose or effect of encouraging or supporting homosexuality as a positive lifestyle alternative” could lose that federal funding. So could those that refer students to gay organizations for counseling. The U.S. House also put a similar statement in its funding bill, and now the legislation has been sent to a conference committee that will work out the differences. But how do you know a school is “supporting” homosexuality? Iowa leaders say that depends on who is doing the interpreting. “We’re saying that someone isn’t an evil, sick person who has these tendencies,” said Janelle Cowles, a high school counselor for the Des Moines School District, the largest in the state. “I don’t think that’s promoting.” Gary Wegenke, the Des Moines superintendent, says that in 1990 the district added sexual orientation to the issues included in its nondiscrimination policy. Others include gender, race, ethnicity and language. The federal amendment violates that policy, he said. “We are an educational enterprise and we do try to remove ignorance,” he said. “In doing so, we do make our young people aware of issues. You have to be educated to what you’re not discriminating against.” He also believes the amendment puts Iowa schools in a Catch-22 because the state requires them to teach AIDS education. That means they have to teach students about the homosexual lifestyle. NEXT ISSUE available September 28: GAY MARRIAGE: more couples are doing It, but why? TOM WOODARD: how his landmark lawsuit changed his life ROB EICHBERG: co-founder of National Coming Out Day interviewed Cactus Club 300 N. Mills Ave. Orlando 407-894-3041 Hour 2 for 1 3 pm to 8 pm 7 Days A Week 'Tue^day'^ TVi days {Jaturdayg 2 for 1 All Nite Social Hour Complimentary Buffet 2 for 1 until 8 pm 2 for 1 11 pm to 1 am "WHERE WE REALLY CARE" • SELL • FINANCE • TRADE "LET US HELP YOU ESTABUSH OR RE-ESTABUSH YOUR CREDIT TODAY 8403 E. Colonial Drive • Orlando, Florida 32817 • 2 • Fax 277-0655 Call John K. Tanner and David W. 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The treatments getting the money aim to strengthen the immune system and genetically attack HIV, said Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, director of the NIH’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. “This effort is crucial because currently available anti-HIV drugs only partially and temporarily suppress replication of the virus, and their use is hampered by toxicity and drug resistance,” he said. More than 14 million people worldwide are now infected by HIV; the World Health Organization projects that the disease could kill 121 million by the year 2020. The NIH money will be divided among six institutions: The New England Medical Center in Boston, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Michigan, the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Stanford University and the University of California at San Diego. All must begin human trials by at least the third year of the four-year grants. The Stanford team is taking infection-fighting cells out of healthy people, treating them and inserting them into a sibling with AIDS. Along the same line, the New England researchers seek to boost the number of the body’s so-called killer T cells, the AIDS fighters the body initially produces when infected. So far, the new grants represent only a small part of the NIAID’s $558 million budget. But the agency says it is committed to expanding the initiative. Experts studying how to halt the AIDS epidemic say this week in the journal Science that a powerful vaccine alone will not conquer AIDS and could even make the epidemic worse, because it might create a false sense of safety and cause people to ignore risks. They emphasize that it will take safe sex and other changes in behavior to stop the virus. CDC FINDS GEOGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES IN MINORITY AIDS CASES ATLANTA (AP) - Minorities continue to outnumber whites in new cases of AIDS, but as the epidemic ages scientists are uncovering differences in how ethnic groups around the country spread the virus. Fifty-five percent, or 58,538, of the 106,949 AIDS cases reported last year in the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Virgin Islands were among minorities, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported Thursday. It was the third consecutive year that AIDS cases were greater among minorities than among whites. In 1992, minority cases accounted for 52 percent of new cases, up from 50.9 percent the year before. As the epidemic develops, its pace has slowed among gay white men while quickening among minorities, particularly among blacks. But geography also makes a difference in how the virus spreads, said Dr. Teresa Diaz of the CDC’s National Center for Infectious Diseases. The Northeast - particularly New York state _ has the highest rates of AIDS infection for both blacks and His-panics, while the South and Midwest are generally lower. In some states, vast differences between minorities exist. In Florida, the rate for blacks is almost three times greater than for Hispanics. Such state-by-state or regional data help CDC prevention efforts, Ms. Diaz said. The CDC is collaborating with state and city officials to design programs that will target groups at highest risk in a specific area. “This way, we have a chance here to prevent it (the epidemic) from getting bigger” and spreading to new groups, Ms. Diaz said. In 1993, minorities accounted for 45,039, or 51 percent, of 89,165 AIDS cases among men, while minorities accounted for 12,696, or 75 percent, of the 16,824 cases among women, the CDC said. Minority men were most likely to transmit HIV through homosexual contact (39 percent) and IV drug use (38 percent). Among women, IV drug use accounted for 47 percent of cases and heterosexual contact 37 percent. Rates were higher among blacks (162 cases per 100,000 people) and Hispanics (90), and lower among American Indians/Eskimos (24) and Asians/Pacific Islanders (12). The AIDS rate for black women (73) was about 15 times greater than for white women (5), and the rate for black males (266) was nearly five times that for whites (57). Last year, the CDC expanded its definition of AIDS to include those infected with the HIV virus who also have a severely suppressed immune system, tuberculosis, recurrent pneumonia or invasive cervical cancer. The groups most affected by the expanded definition were women, blacks, heterosexual intravenous drug users and hemophiliacs. The cumulative number of AIDS cases in the United States through Dec. 31, 1993, was 361,164. The number of deaths from AIDS through the same time period was 220,736, according to the CDC. STATE WANTS DOCTORS TO TREAT PREGNANT HIV WOMEN WITH AZT TALLAHASSEE, Fla. (AP) - Florida’s state health officer plans to write thousands of doctors, asking them to treat pregnant women who have the AIDS virus with AZT to reduce the number of babies infected with HIV. “We can spare perhaps 200 Florida children each year the suffering and eventual death due to HIV disease,” Dr. Charles Mahan said.in the letter, which officials plan to mail next week. More than 1,000 women infected with HIV are expected to give birth this year, according to the state Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services. An estimated 30 percent of their babies will also be infected with the virus. But results from a national study earlier this year documented a two-thirds reduction in the rate of transmission of HIV from mother to child when the woman is treated with AZT. Mahan also urged doctors to make HIV testing a standard of obstetrical practice. “The stakes now are simply too high to do otherwise,” he wrote. A bill that would have required that every pregnant woman be tested for AIDS died in the Legislature this spring. HRS secretary Jim Towey said Wednesday that testing pregnant women and then treating those who carry HIV with AZT “is the first area where we feel we can make a difference.” h the financial strains I illness... we can give |>ur life insurance policy. There are many reasons why people sell their life insurance policies.but your reason is the most important one! Dealing with a life-threatening illness is difficult enough without worrying about financial matters. When these concerns overtake your lifestyle and your life, turn to Life Care Resources. We provide quick, completely confidential service, with instant payment after approval, at no cost to you. Before selling your policy to just anyone - contact Life Care Resources. We are committed to paying you the highest price for your policy. Life Care Resources donates a portion of all proceeds to charities and research dedicated to providing support to the terminally ill, including AIDS, cancer, and hospices. If you have needs... Life Care Resources is there. 1-800-563-0018 fpawe cffieAmvwe&j affine. dicfmit^ id not ondiy in w/iat we do, in we wndemta/nd. WATERMARK / September 14,1994 9 BUSINESS (407) 846-4113 (407) 348>-4033 (407) 828-8005 mmmmmmcm 1213 WEST OAK STREET KISSIMMEE, FL 34741 PASSION PHONES’ ERIN SOMERS VISITS MBA No one at MBA’s September general meeting needed to be told when their guest speaker had arrived. A full six feet tall, Erin Somers is riveting. With long black hair, black dress and black ankle boots, the popular radio host turned even the guys’ heads. In less than a year, Somers has tripled the ratings of her popular radio talk show, “Passion Phones.” She is at once witty, warm, sensitive, informed and open. Somehow, when Somers talks about sex it seems more... fun. “People are afraid of sex. They take it all too seriously,” she told approximately 100 MBA members and guests. “We weren’t put on this earth to make our parents happy.” Somers shared that gay and lesian sex has long been a regular feature of “Passion Phones”. And while she’s a master of witty repartee, it usually leads to a more thoughtful response. Responding to a question about masturbation, Somers endorsed the practice. “What do you think I did this afternoon?” But she then pointed out that teenage girls are discouraged from mastur- bating; possibly one reason that only 30% of women are regularly orgasmic. “With a little practice I have no doubt we’d get it down better than the guys.” Somers is not an advocate of swinging or indiscriminate sex. Responding to one questioner, Somers stated that, “To the best of my knowledge and experience, only about 10% of non-monogomous relationships really work. For the other 90%, they can be unsatisfying, threatening, and at worst disastrous.” Somers most difficult call concerned a gay man whose lover had committed suicide after being rejected by his father. Her next caller was the father, inconsolable in his grief. Somers assured him that his experience would move and inform others. Somers also stated her amazement at the divisiveness she sees within the gay and lesbian community. “You all have some real enemies... some powerful, organized enemies... and you need to stop fighting with each other and get it together.” WATERMARK / September 14,1994 10 VIEWPOINT VISIBLE INVISIBLE hr Rosaline Sloan I have always felt that Florida was my home. When I was nine, my family and I vacationed here. Over time, I became enamored with the temperate climate, slow southern charm and unique beauty of the state. Although bom and raised in northern New Jersey, I welcomed the recent opportunity to relocate to Central Florida with my life partner. But here among the palm trees and sultry Spanish moss, I have been forced to accept some drastic changes in my gay lifestyle. When I began coming out in the late seventies, I could hop on public transportation and roam streets at the center of Manhattan’s burgeoning gay area; all no more than twenty minutes from my straight, Catholic upbringing. As time went on, I confidently walked the neighborhoods surrounding Christopher Street, often for up to six hours at a time. A decade after first discovering this eastern epicenter of gay culture, I had become so accustomed to its freedoms that I would spend five nights out of seven being gay as I ate at outdoor cafes, browsed in gay stores, and socialized in the many different clubs. When my partner and I moved here, I eagerly began searching for places where I could experience the same relaxed, friendly openness of the Village. Instead I found that I now belonged to a hidden subculture. I felt as though my struggle to become a truly free lesbian on the streets of New York was wasted. When I considered what Key West, South Beach, or even Pensacola offered in terms of lifestyle options, I wondered why our community in this part of the Bible Belt had been unable to flourish freely, even in small pockets. After participating in the most recent Pride Parade in downtown Orlando, I realized that this is not because we don’t exist in large numbers. I want to feel the strength of our sheer presence in the streets.. .who we are and what we are about as a community... Is the voice of the religious right really threatening our community in 1994? Is there not enough safety in numbers that we can’t commit ourselves to seek what we deserve; the freedom to walk down the street hand-in-hand with our lovers, or to roam a park without someone writing down our license plate number? Must we continue to gather only behind closed doors, or at events where there is no risk of exposing who we really are to our neighbors, friends and co-workers? Now when I visit the Northeast, my first desire...rain, snow, or sunshine...is to go to the Village. I want to feel the acceptance I once took for granted. I want to feel the strength of our sheer presence in the streets. I want to see love in and among lesbians and gay men; open, unrestrained love that requires freedom to attain full expression. I want to feel the sense of who we are and what we are about as a community in our voices and in our hearts. That community in Central Florida needs to be visible, not vulnerable. We must seek the strength and the will to be free, just like in the Village. Until then, maybe we should just pretend. WATERMARK Watermark Media, Inc. ©1994 editor / publisher Tom Dyer layout / managing editor April Gustetter account executive Keith Peterson contributing writers Michael L. Kilgore, G. K. Fowler, Harmony Brenner, Nan Schultz, R. A. Bach, Dimitri Toscas, Jim Crescitelli, Mark Lawhon, Yvonne Vassell, Ken Kundis, Rafael Gasti, Leslea Newman, Rosanne Sloan, Joe Sarano photographers & illustrators Alison Bechdel, Eric Orner, Russell Tucker, student contributors Robert Holland, Katie Messmer, Tera Kenney, Mike Williams CONTENTS of WATERMARK are protected by federal copyright law and may not be reproduced in whole or part without the permission of the publisher. Unsolicited article submissions will not be returned unless accompanied by a self-addressed, stamped envelope. Although WATERMARK is supported by many fine advertisers, we cannot accept responsibility for claims made by advertisers. Publication of the name or photograph of any person or organization in articles, advertising, or listing is WATERMARK is not to be construed as any indication of the sexual orientation of such persons or members of such organizations (unless, of course, sexual orientation is stated specifically). WATERMARK is published every second Wednesday, except the first week in January and the second week in July. Subscription rates are $35.00 (third class). The official views of WATERMARK are expressed only in editorials. Opinions offered in signed columns, letters and articles are those of the writers and do not necessarily represent the opinions of the newspaper’s owner or management. We reserve the right to edit or reject any material submitted for publication. WATERMARK is not responsible for damages due to typographical errors, except for the cost of replacing ads that have such errors. WATERMARK P.O. Box 533655 Orlando, FL 32853-3655 TEL 407.481.2243 FAX 407.481.2246 Watermark m&emmymr Letters to the Editor* Ail letters are subject to | editing for content and length. Letters should bg sent to: E 0< Box 533655 Orlando, FL 32853-3655 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR I would like to congratulate Watermark on its premier issue. I wish to respond to the article ‘TRACKS DERAILS - BOXCARS OPENS”. Several comments that Mr. Barlow made in the article are simply just not true. One, his quote, ‘‘In Tampa, the bars network and work together to benefit each other and the community.” Not once did Mr. Barlow ever make any attempt to contact myself or any member of management at Southern Nights with regard to networking within the gay community of Orlando! Mr. Barlow further alleges that Southern Nights, The Edge and The Club at Firestone had authorized Tracks’ advertising removed from the publications at our locations. Mr. Barlow’s statement is one hundred (100%) percent false. Southern Nights, The Edge and The Club at Firestone do network together and not one of these establishments ever authorized removal of advertisements. Maybe, Mr. Barlow and TRACKS/OR-LANDO just did not deliver what the competitive Orlando market is seeking. Very truly yours, Daniel J. Fraser, General Manager Southern Nights I just wanted to write and wish you the best for your new publication. Having seen your ads in other area outlets, I think that you have tapped into a very important niche in the Central Florida gay and lesbian community. It’s about time Orlando supported a higher-end publication such as yours. Once again, I wish you and your staff the best. Sincerely, William J. Gridley Public Relations Editor Rollins College Bravo! How grand that there is finally a forum for the diversity of culture that is the gay community. We are not simply visual cliches, but rather an evolution of old and new, traditional and avant garde, private and unabashed. Mostly, though, we are worthy of celebration. Thank you for validating that. Proudly, Pam Pratt What enjoyment and pride I had in reading the newest lesbian and gay periodical to hit Central Florida! It is wonderful to see the diversity of our community mirrored by the many issues and topics covered - political, sports, entertainment, health, and arts. Thank you Watermark for giving our community yet another tool to communicate and learn more about each other. I applaud your sponsors and advertisers for their support and encourage readers to patronize their organizations. Each one of you should take a deep breath, smile, and be proud of your accomplishments! Congratulations on an excellent premier issue. Peace, Michael Hodges Congratulations on the premier issue of your paper. Great looks and impressive content. One gentle criticism, though. If your goal is to reflect the positive, non-stereo-typical side of our community, Lola O’Lay is a step in the wrong direction. The general population already thinks we’re campy transvestites with lots of attitude and a tenuous grip on reality. Why reinforce this stereotype? Other than that, it was nice to read about Amanda Bearse, and I particularly enjoyed your article on Fran Pignone. The Sports page is a great idea. Keep up the good work. W. C. Slapke The Orlando Frontrunners gather at sunset at the Red Pagoda on Lake Eola Homosexuality is always elsewhere because it is everywhere. French writer RENAUD CAMUS WATERMARK / September 14, 1994 11 VIEWPOINT WHERE WERE YOU IN 1969? by James A. Crescitelli Next year I’m going to be forty years old. Forty. Four-O. Well, as Margo Channing said: “That slipped out, I hadn’t quite made up my mind to admit it.” I’m not complaining; they’ve been very good years, but I wonder what it would be like to be a gay teenager in 1994 instead of 1969... For gay people, the nineties certainly seem to offer a plethora of support systems. Community centers, specialized interest groups, publishers, magazines...We’ve come a long way from the days when checking The Well of Loneliness out of the library was a major psychological ordeal. I remember buying a copy of Playgirl at my local neighborhood newsstand in Brooklyn; I told the vendor that it was for my sister, who was in the hospital with two broken legs. The webs we weave. What sustained us in those days? Who was there to turn to? I had an idea that I was perhaps not the only member of my ilk walking the earth but, as a late sixties teenager, my resources were limited. Being gay wasn’t something I could casually bring up during supper. “Dad, there’s this guy I like in school but he doesn’t seem to know I exist. What should I do?” “WHAT?!” Fanciful conversations such as these ran through my mind daily like frightened mice. Better, I decided, to keep silent. I had had no problem with my own personal coming out - a realization, really - but I thought others perhaps might: my family, my friends, and the nuns. In other words, everybody. High school...in September of 1969 I put on my bellbottoms, my Nik-Nik shirt, and took the bus to a Catholic boys’ high school in Brooklyn which, for some strange reason, had a reputation. It was whispered that only fairies and queers went to this particular grove of academe, and I was ribbed unmercifully in my neighborhood. “I’m only going because it’s close,” I countered to any friend who dared to cast aspersions on my adolescent masculinity. It was true; the school itself was only a ten-minute bus ride away. Secretly, I was intrigued. Orientation day brought no major revelations other than the fact that we were not expected to shower after gym; it was optional, and I was relieved. Curious as I was about a high school filled with homosexuals, I was not quite ready to bare it all in a shower room crammed with boys I did not know. I spent that first month looking at everybody intensely, trying to discern whether or not they were like me. It was a difficult task; I mean, nobody came right out and announced it, and I certainly didn’t ask anybody if they were gay. I found my peers after a time but did not realize it at first. Some magic radar had conspired to pull us all together, but it took I will always be amazed at how we “found” each other during those dim freshman months, perhaps groping subconsciously toward the light. us until our senior year to verbally come out to one another. As I look back, however, it is plain to me just how unspokenly gay we really were. We went to a lot of movies together, and any one of us could be counted on to know the dialogue from obscure Hollywood classics. Week after week, ensconced in dusty revival cinemas, we immersed ourselves in camp, unwittingly educating our psyches toward a more open future. Theater matinees - orchestra seats were ridiculously inexpensive in those years - were another mainstay, as well as the dinners afterward in Broadway restaurants in which we engaged in what we thought was highly witty repartee...I thought, heterosexual men don’t do this as a group. Here we are discussing Joan Crawford and Norma Shearer in great detail. What, I wondered, was up? Could we ALL be...? Straight men go to the movies and they attend the theatre, and they know about art and literature and even a little bit about fashion, but would they have spent ALL their time discussing the finer points of these subjects? Would a straight man even know that Claudettte Colbert was offered the lead in All About Eve before Bette Davis, but had to withdraw because of back problems? Do you think my father knew or even cared that Norma Shearer turned down the starring role in Gone with the because her fans did not want her to play a bitch? Even as we grew closer over the years, the G-word remained unspoken when referring to ourselves. Occasionally I would catch one of our “Theater Group” eyeing somebody on the subway, and I suppose I myself was caught, but nobody was saying. Then, in gym class during senior year, one of these friends told me he had just finished reading his sister’s copy of Portnoy’s Complaint. He related the famous scene with the liver, and then had some news. “.. .and by the way, i just wanted to tell you that I’m gay.” I was hardly shocked, as the expression on his face seemed to hope for. “Oh, really? So am I!” I replied. “What? No you’re not!!” He was angry that I had stolen his thunder, as apparently he was treating this as a major step in his life. I - seventeen, smug -was pleased with his revelation, yet treated it more as a “homecoming.” Yes, somebody had actually come over to MY side. The news traveled s wiftly through the group. I confided in another, he confided in somebody else, and soon we were all privy to a rather unwieldy open secret. It took a third friend’s coming out to bring the rest of the group stampeding to the fore. Nobody wanted to be left behind. I look back often and realize that every one of my little group blossomed into a full-fledged gay man. I will always be amazed at how we “found” each other during those dim freshman months, perhaps groping subconsciously toward the light. It must be less of a challenge for young gay people to find each other these days, what with the network of support we’ve erected within our community. I suppose it’s easy enough to look up “Gay” in the yellow pages and find a listing - a telephone number, maybe even the address of a community center. There are counselors, groups, and sub-groups, but I can’t help feeling that, while positive, it has suddenly become so easy to come out...the furtiveness is gone. Maybe today’s young people don’t care that gay people once lived their lives as if played out on the pages of a gothic novel. Maybe I’m too much of a romantic, but do I REALLY wish it were 1969 again? Not at all. OUT OF THE CLOSET AND NOTHING TO WEAR by Leslea Newman When my girlfriend, Flash, and I were evicted last summer, I immediately called my mother. I don’t know why. I wanted sympathy, I suppose. After all, we hadn’t done anything wrong; our building got sold and we had to move. And having our apartment, funky as it was, yanked out from under us was more traumatic than I thought it would be. “It’s our home,” I wailed in a voice not unlike a 5-year-old’s. “I want my mommy.” The trouble is, I don’t have a mommy. I have a mother. A mommy gives you milk and cookies, kisses it where it hurts and makes you feel all better. A mother means well, but misses the mark. A mother says things like, “Your room is always here if you need it,” as if the 20 years since I’ve inhabited that room can be dismissed with the wave of a hand. My mother likes the fact that Flash and I have to move. This is a normal thing that happens to people other than lesbians. This is something we can talk about. Better yet, this is something my mother feels qualified to give me advice about. Never mind the fact that my mother hasn’t moved in 34 years, ever since my family migrated from Brooklyn to Long Island, and I, in typical dyke fashion, have lived in 23 different apartments since 1985. She is the expert. “Have you looked in the paper,” she asks, as if I am an idiot. “Yes, I’ve looked in the paper,” I answer in my most condescending voice, as if she is an idiot. “What about calling a realtor?” she asks. “Ma, we have to come up with first and last month’s rent, a security deposit and money to pay the movers. We can’t afford a realtor.” This is the opening my mother has been waiting for. All of a sudden she is certain that no one with nice apartments lists in the papers anymore; anyone with something halfway decent is sure to list with a realtor. Why, oh why, did I bother to call? Weeks pass. Finally Flash and I find an apartment. Not just any apartment. A fabulous apartment. A dream of an apartment with six rooms, wood floors, oak window frames, french doors, two porches. I call my mother, feeling smug. All this and without a realtor, too. “How did you find it?” is the first question she asks. How do I explain the dyke grapevine to my mother? Flash took a walk after supper one night and bumped into the shortstop on her softball team who had heard from her chiropractor who had heard from one of her client’s that her ex-lover’s hairdresser had an apartment for rent. Would my mother ever understand this? “Word of mouth,” I translate, and of course she has to have the final say: “I told you not to bother looking in the paper.” Moving day approaches and my mother is full of advice. “Pack the dishes first,” she tells me. “Why?” I ask. “Because it’s easier,” she says, and I let it go at that, as I don’t have the time to argue. Moving is a full-time job: packing, unpacking, turning on the electricity and the gas, forwarding the mail, reconnecting the phone. And who is our very first caller? Why, my mother, of course. What she’s calling about surprises me. “What should I get you and Flash for ahouse-warming present?” “Ma, you don’t have to get us anything.” “I know I don’t have to get you something,” she says. “I want to get you something.” “But it’s not like we’ve bought a house or anything,” I say, wondering why I am arguing with her. “It’s just another apartment.” “It’s your first apartment together,” she says, and I’m amazed that she know this. Our last apartment had been Flash’s place until I moved in with her, and before that we had both lived alone. This is the first home we’ve created together and it does feel different. “All right,” I say, and make a joke. “How about a washing machine?” “OK,” she says, and I almost fall over. “It was a joke, Ma.” “What joke,” she asks. “Do you need one or not?” “I don’t know, I guess so.” “Fine,” she says. Disbelief makes me brave. “Do we get a dryer, too?” She thinks for a minute. “The washing machine will be your housewarming present, and the dryer will be for Chanukah.” I am floored. This is the closest my mother has ever come to giving Flash and I her blessings. This is the woman who, when f came out to her, called me selfish, self-centered, self-obsessed and self-absorbed. The same woman who was convinced I was under the influence of someone, because I could never think for myself, or as she put it, “You were always a follower. Why, if they were all walking up Fifth Avenue stark naked with frying pans on their foreheads, you’d be the first in line.” This was the woman who had never given up hope that someday I would return to my childhood bedroom and sleep like a virgin in that single bed until Prince Charming arrived to sweep me off my feet. This was the woman who was buying her only daughter and her lover a washer/dryer so their underwear, bras, socks, sweaters, shirts, blouses, pants, and pantyhose would toss and spin side by side, year in and year out, happily ever after? Of course, I had to listen to a lecture on spin cycles, bleach dispensers, gas hook-ups and the like. Of course, I had to go to Sears, pick out the machines I wanted, write down the numbers, and call them in to my mother for her approval (she picked out a different dryer). Of course, now we have to talk about the washer and dryer every time my mother calls. “How’s the washer?” she asks me. “Fine,” I answer. I mean, how can it be? “And how’s the dryer?” “Fine.” I am tempted to say it had a slight cold last week, but I know better. “It’s drying?” “It’s drying.” “Are you using fabric softener?” As I listen to her advising me on detergents (after all, she has been a housewife for 40 years), all I can think of is you’ve come a long way, Mommy. Thank you. Leslea Newman is author or editor of 14 books, including “Heather Has Two Mommies” and Gloria Goes to Gay Pride”. She lives and works in Northampton, Mass. WATERMARK / September 14, 1994 12 COLDUieU. BANK6RQ Residential Real Estate Inc. (800) 598-5060 (407) 325-2218 Felix Power River Chase Drive------------ Like a model! Home has been well maintained and is ready to move into. The easy lifestyle is echoed in the large casual kitchen, breakfast bar and greatroom plan. Screened porch leisure too!!! $85,000 Lake Drive Behind the gate of this Lakefront Paradise lies over an acre of towering oaks and pines. With 155ft on the Conway chain of lakes this home offers spectacular views, serenity and quality of construction throughout.Priced below appraisal $399,900 Lake Como Park---------------- Exquisite model of “olde Orlando bungalow. All of yesterday’s charm and 90 's new. Oversized, fenced in lot framed with huge oaks and mature plantings to keep you cool in the summer. This home offered at an astounding $99,000 HIV+? THINKING OF SELLING A POLICY? READ ON! Whether you want to realize a dream or just take care of your health or finances, you owe it to yourself to call today for no obligation information and application. CALL US (407) 426-9760 mi; LEATHER CLOSET 498 N ORANGE BLOSSOM TRAIL ORLANDO, FLORIDA 32805 407/649-2011 • FAX 407/649-4116 OPEN NOON - 2 AM DAILY Custom Leather-Work Done on Premises WATERMARK / September 14,1994 13 Greg Dawson: Tales of the City Room by Tom Dyer Watermark Interview: What immediately strikes you about Greg Dawson are his intelligent, laughing eyes. This is a guy who’s easy to talk to; full of ideas and well-informed opinions. Interested as well as interesting. He’s also just plain nice. Tall, thin, polite and accommodating to a fault, a young Jimmy Stewart would be perfectly cast in the Greg Dawson story. No doubt a mini-series. Greg Dawson has covered television for the last ten years, first at The Boston Herald, and for the last eight years at The Orlando Sentinel. This summer the Sentinel unchained him from his television set (where he spent up to 40 hours per week) to cover real life. During his TV tenure, Greg made few attempts to disguise his decidedly liberal (some would say “evolved”) perspective. He praised Channel 24 for airing Tongues Untied, the controversial documentary about black homosexuals. He was highly critical of the same station for then refusing to air the more conventional gay drama, The Lost Language of Cranes. He also panned Channel 6 for refusing to air an After-School Special about lesbian mothers. Greg and I met for breakfast at the International House of Pancakes. While waitresses schlepped pancakes and attitude, we covered a broad range of topics. I asked questions with my mouth full. Greg paid for breakfast. I told you he’s nice. Where did you grow up? In Bloomington, Indiana...a wonderful, liberal college town. I was one of the original Crest kids testing fluoride toothpaste. I still got cavities, and found out years later that I got the placebo. I know that you have an essentially liberal viewpoint. Where did that come from? Well, both my parents were musicians, and for different reasons very liberal. My mother was a holocaust survivor and a raging liberal. She was sincerely disappointed that I didn’t marry a black woman. She always felt them superior as a race. And my father came out against the Vietnam war before I did. Your mother was a holocaust survivor? Yes. She was originally from the Ukraine, and her family was being marched out of town by German soldiers, presumably on the way to a concentration camp. Her father bribed a soldier to look the other way while my mother and her sister bolted out of line. They were on the run for years, often finding shelter and protection because of their musical skills. Very much like Playing For Time, except my mother played the piano. Eventually my father’s uncle heard them and brought them to America, and got my mother into Julliard. That’s where she met my father. Continued Page 16 WATERMARK / September 14,1994 14 ARTFUL LIVING MICHAEL E. DUNN, M.D. Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine Specializing in the CARE of People with HIV Disease & AIDS 1355 Orange Avenue • Suite 5 • Winter Park, Florida 32789 Phone: (407) 645-2661 Cassadaga Spiritualist Camp ™ a unique historical community established in 1894 SUNDAY: CHURCH SERVICE 10:30 AM WEDNESDAY: ALL-MESSAGE SERVICE 7:30 PM ($5.00) Healing Services 7/2 hour before all Church services PUBLIC WELCOME TO ATTEND ALL ACTIVITIES VISIT OUR BOOKSTORE Area’s largest Book and Tape inventory, plus many interesting gifts from Nature and around the world. HOURS: Monday thru Saturday 9:30-5:00, Sunday Noon-5:00 1112 Stevens St. • P.O. Box 319 • Cassadaga, FL 32706 • (904) 228-2880 Happy Hour 12PM TO 8PM Open Daily 12PM TO 2AM FULL MOON SALOON A Gay American Southern Style Saloon Full Moon Party Thursday, September 22nd 8-2am Happy Hour Prices ALL Night Long! Anything could happen on a Full Moon! OPEN DANCING Wednesday - Friday • Saturday & Sunday COUNTRY & WESTERN DANCE LESSONS w/ Terri & Jerry and DJ Alan Ellis Wednesday 8 -11 • Saturdays 8:30 -10:30 Sundays 7 - 9 Drink Specials Nightly 500 N. Orange Blossom Trail • Orlando, FL • (407) 048-0725 JlixEd MeDck YAB YUM: Yum Yum!! Has anyone tasted the chocolate cake at this unique coffee house?? WOW! The best in O-Town! Yab Yum’s beat atmosphere and eclectic clientele combine to make this coffeehouse a hell of a lot of fun. And on top of that “the words of the prophets are written on the bathroom walls”. Orlando needs more places like Yab Yum as an alternative choice to hanging out in bars. Like Cafe Tu Tu Tango, the interesting artwork is for sale. Visit Yab Yum, and don’t forget to try the chocolate cake! CAFE NEW ORLEANS: Dined at this small cafe on Fairbanks Ave. in Winter Park recently with some friends. Inexpensive and authentic, a cute place to have lunch or dinner. Watch out for the Jambalaya, it’s H-O-T! PAGES: Every lesbian and gay man who works for a living should take the time to ready Gay Issues In the Workplace, by Brian McNaught {On Being Gay). It’s a veritable handbook on how to address issues effecting gay men and lesbians in the work environment. This is an easy read and I promise you will find it enlightening and a great tool for diversity training. After you read it, do yourself a favor and give a copy to your boss and co-workers. NOT SO GOOD GARDEN: Recently read Midnight in the Garden of Good & Evil, by John Berendt. This book came highly recommended by several reliable sources. It sure is a pretty book, and it will look great on your coffee table. If you actually read it, however, be prepared for a big snooze. It’s boring!! Why is this book a bestseller? I was hoping for Truman Capote and ended up with Danielle Steele minus the pulp. The story itself had enormous potential: a gay murder in Savannah circa 1981. Instead of a gothic potboiler, it descends into a series of character studies lighter than angel food cake. PASSION FOR ERIN, PART II: Erin Somers, the sultry voiced host of Real Radio’s “Passion Phones”, was the guest speaker at the September 1 Metropolitan Business Association (MBA) meeting. Erin is loaded with charisma, and yes, the face and body match the voice! Somers was intelligent, eloquent and entertaining. An astute observation: Based on her call-ins, Erin remarked that she has noticed how divisive the gay and lesbian community can be. She advised us to work together in fighting against discrimination and in pursuit of equal rights. Like I said, a smart lady! Later that evening, Erin thanked the MBA on the air for giving her a standing ovation.. .her first ever. There will be many more, Erin! MUSIC: Ah, the end of summer. Spent labor Day weekend listening to the new soundtrack, The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert. Highlights include disco classics “I Will Survive”, “Shake Your Groove Thing”, “Finally”, mixed right in with standards such as “I Don’t Care If the Sun Don’t Shine” and “A Fine Romance”. As if that weren’t enough, great 70s trash songs like “I’ve Never Been to Me” (considered by some music critics to be the worst record ever...I disagree, of course) and “Billy Don’t Be a Hero” should bring back some bad memories. This CD is a must have, especially if the movie is as good as its press. We’ll all find out soon enough. Priscilla, opens at Enzian sometime in October. Dykes To match Out For let them eat c eke fuzzed ON CAKC AND ICE CREAM, .SEVERAL 6UE515 AT RAFAEL’5 FIRST Birthday Part/ E Regained in THE KiTEHEM Ft?R -5QAE LlVELV _ PERATt. tell ME about it/ a BUMCH OF WHITE. GAYMEM TRyiNG TD CONV/NCE THE HOMOPHOBE STD LIKE THEM BECAUSE THEY'RE JUST (NORMAL, SEXIST, RACIST, god- fearing, profit-prikeh &>y$ NEXT DOOR/ 6W aujqkj Tte question is, warn these loo ca&in av& Tyftj even have cone, ovj at ALL if LEFTIST Queers hadn't been FIGHTiNG For their rights /M THE JTREET; ffcRDLE PAST 25 >YAR$? i think N®T. I Du H HO, AG. STREET activist/ AMP DYKES ON BI BUT IT7AICE5 ALL KINDS? IF 8cnc STARCHED, STRAIGHT-ACTING gay men and lesbians wavt-to SUCK UP TO THE REPUBLICAN FARTy, IT CAN ONLy HELP/ YE AH •. MUPTH£M. THE/ U sell THE REST OF US down the River Just to GET THEIR WlNGTlPS |N THE COOR/THEy'RE Anti-CHOICE, ANTI-AFFlRAATlVt ACTION, PRo-B|6BUSINESS... they PRo&A&i.y EAT VEAL? THEY PRo&ABcy cowrRECyCir' THEy FROM guy HAv£ WET DfcEAMj about sriMvypifpiHG at the bohemian grove no ... r wa s au ready n, THEN THE VAVCA+JMTHEIR UTTIE PRONOUNCEMENT HOW S MESEKCoOPlEjSHcOJlH'j BE ALLOWED TO AfoPT OR USE ALTERNATIVE WSEaWaTioN. ny Mon'S SO POP£<«AZy. I TV|OUfcHT CD WAT TILL THINGS C#WN. HAVE A ( A CHECK FoR nice /raff/, a photo JNAIT. „ [of THEHQOiBDHS' 5on,TuUo, HUH. Julio looks a UTflE UGHf INTHELCtfW -TOME. HE KITCHEN CREW is STAKT/NC TO C rash . Go what makes Sone GAy PEOPLE TURN OUf TO BE REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVISTS, AND OTHERS TORN OUT TU Bf SNIVELING COLLABORATIONISTS ? WATERMARK / September 14,1994 15 IN REVIEW Stephen Sondhiem has been turning Broadway on its ear for years, and 1994 is no exception. His newest artistic endeavor is overwhelmingly beautiful, passionate, and strange. Passion, a seamless musical drama, explores the facets of obsession, loss, and love. Just released on Angel Records, Passion received the 1994 Tony Award for Best Musical. Its recording captures the depth and genius of Sondheim’s vision. His desire for pure love, his obsession with the darkness of reality, and his glaring rays of hope are woven within James Lapine’s book, creating a recording that is as over-the-top as grande opera and as real as modem poetry. The seed of Passion begins in word. Based on an 1869 Italian novel by Igino Ugo Tarchetti called Fosca, it gathered a literary audience. Fosca was transformed into “film noir”, when Ettore Scola told the story in Passione d'Amore, and a new audience was tom by the love story’s twisting darkness. Now years later it has blossomed into an extraordinary musical and theatrical experience. Following the romance of Giorgio,a young, handsome soldier, listeners whirl in the discoveries of truth and love. In the midst of a passionate affair with the beautiful Clara, he is tom apart by the deep, brooding Fosca, an ugly, withering woman, tortured by pain, sickness, and a crushing understanding of harsh reality. The dreamlike music and desperate drama of Passion are captured clearly and honestly throughout this recording. True to Sondhiem’s form, and unlike other Broadway cast albums, Passion’s disc maintains a coherent, elaborate story that will transform its listeners into an “audience” -including those who may not get a chance to actually see the production. Passion gives this listening audience every resource it needs to be swept away by the story’s universal struggle: to love and be loved. Feeling much like a wave, Passion’s melodies swirl and circle upward through some of Sondhiem’s most sound and profound writing. Songs like “Happiness” (an ode to oblivious infatuation) and Fosca’s relentlessly painful “I Read” (a bizarre anthem of denial) quickly build to a hauntingly beautiful and unexpected calm. By far the recordings most heart-rendering moment, “Loving You”, finds Fosca revealing her pure and blameless love for Giorgio, as she sets him free. Then the spiraling tide begins again, crashing down into the depths of dark reality.. .Giorgio’s breakdown, and the death of Fosca. The orchestration, with strings added for the recording, drives Sondheim’s beautiful music. Brilliantly conducted by longitme collaborator Paul Gemignani, the orchestra sweeps over the shallowness of Clara (Marin Mazzie), swells under the heavy brooding of Fosca (Tony Award winner, Donna Murphy), and surrenders to the passion and commitment of Giorgio (Jere Shea). The recording gives their exceptional performances breath and depth. Sondhiem delivers with overwhelming Passion. Visit us for brunch, lunch, and dinner. Teddy, Papa Tony and Pablo look forward to your visit and promise you a unique dining experience. T - TH 11 AM -10 PM • F11 AM -11 PM *S 10 AM-11 PM • SUN 10 AM-9 PM 900 E. WASHINGTON STREET ♦ ORLANDO, FL 32801 ♦ (407) 425-0033 EAT WI RO by Rosanne Sloan Romano’s Macaroni Grill 844 W. State Road 434 • Altamonte Springs 682-2577 This specialty Italian grill, opened in 1992, enticed me with its fresh gladiolas and old world style patio. Originally from Dallas, Romano’s welcomes gay men and lesbian patrons. There is a woodbuming stove smell that draws you into this restaurant. Inside, an extra large open kitchen delightfully adds a sense of hominess. The tables are covered with paper, crayons are supplied, doodling is encouraged. Each table has a bottle of Colavita Extra Virgin Oil for the traditional garlic focaccia (bread) to be dipped with fresh ground pepper. Romano’s uses the honor system with gallons of Chianti wine lined up on the right wall. Each glass is $2.50, tallied at the end of the meal. Other wines average $4.50 a glass and $21.00 a bottle. Like at my grandmother’s on Sunday, the menu is extensive. We began our meal with the special appetizer of the evening, a cream of mushroom soup. It was extra smooth with fresh parsley sprinkles and plenty of fresh mushroom slices. Very tasty. I ordered the Pasta di Tre Formaggio (fresh pasta with asiago, a type of cheese). My partner had Pasta della Casa (pasta, roasted garlic, fresh tomatoes, olives, basil, mushrooms and bell peppers in a spicy red sauce). Plates were warm, portions were large, and our meals were delicious. The average entree at Romano’s is $9.95. To top off the evening meal, our server brought us a dessert tray featuring lady fingers cake soaked in espresso with dark chocolate shavings, a chocolate cannoli, a chocolate fudge cake with whipped cream, and a cheese cake with raspberry sauce and chocolate shavings, which we chose to share...my only disappointment. Although it looked delicious, the ricotta was curdy and the chocolate crepe was thick and stale from being kept cold. After the third bite, the raspberry sauce became overwhelming. Espresso and chocolate cappuccino complemented our dessert. I recommend Romano’s specialty pastas, but I prefer their personal pizza’s and salads. The restaurant has a casual and fun atmosphere, with both smoking and nonsmoking sections and easy handicap access. To enhance the flavor of Italy, most of the servers have a deep Mediterranean look. Both men and women wore exotic, wild ties. At least four of the servers are professionally trained singers and they will sing at your table on request. Romano’s rates ***/GG. Eating With Rosey borrows fro The Kitchen With Rosie, by Rosie Daley (Oprah*s personal cook)* Onr Rosey has tried several recipes, each inedible, but she^Ii keep ns posted* Our Rosey’s rating system* H ■ ********* tjrlxix It’s a Gay World illllll GG |Jj|tela% and enjoy 11* G Tendon your own IKlIIIII Fair IMIlli Poor Romano’s Macaroni Grill accepts all major credit cards and is open 11*11 Mon-Thur, 11-1 Fri-Sat, 11-10 Sun. Call ahead on weekends to be placed on the “wait list”. WATERMARK / September 14,1994 16 ARTFUL LIVING DAWSON From Page 13 How did you get into journalism? Purely by accident. I wrote a letter to the editor of the Bloomington Herald Telephone and he ended up hiring me to call around small towns to get sports scores...places like Monrovia and Greencastle. I’ve basically worked in newspapers ever since. I covered sports, city hall...eventually I got a column. In fact, I did several stories on gay issues and gay people. I remember one of the first.. .1 went to a gay encounter group at a Unitarian Church. It must have been around 1972. It was me and about 50 gay guys and I did a column about it and the gist was that it was OK for football players to hug and pat each others “tight ends” in front of 50,000 people, but not for two men to do the same thing on a street comer. When AIDS first surfaced and Christians started saying it was divine punishment, I wrote a column saying that using that logic, coronary heart disease among obese CEO’s must be god’s punishment for unseemly greed. When did you start reporting about television? When I moved to The Boston Herald in 1984.1 applied for the job of TV critic, and I think I got the job because the Herald was a Rupert Murdoch paper and no reputable reporter wanted to work for him back then.. .certainly not as a TV critic. Was there much to learn? Was it a difficult transition watching all that TV? Not really. The hardest part was the reviews. I never got real comfortable with that. I did not enjoy reviewing shows, probably because I often had no real strong opinion about a show. The truth is that my reaction to 90% of the shows I ever saw was a big shoulder shrug. What sort of things stand out about TV during the time you wrote about it? Well I think the period from ’84 to ’94 may be one of the true golden eras of television. There were some excellent programs during that period...far more than during the so-called golden era of the ’50s, which had some good shows but also an awful lot of dross. Which shows stand out? The first show I reviewed was The Cosby Show, and I thought, “Hey, this isn’t going to be bad at all.” That was an excellent show, and it kind of elevated my expectations. Certainly The Civil War documentary was a great piece of television. Thirty something. Lonesome Dove was in that period. Any major trends? What’s happened, and one of the reasons a lot of conservatives have such difficulty with TV nowadays, is that it’s getting closer and closer to reality. The biggest myth about TV is that it sets a liberal agenda. In fact, television has always been a lagging cultural institution. I mean, c’mon.. .in 1971 they were afraid to present Mary Tyler Moore as a divorcee because they thought it would be too disconcerting to the TV viewing public. And more recently, Thirtysomething had a prime example. They had that one chaste scene between two gay men in bed.. .1 don’t think they even kissed...and ABC claimed they lost a million dollars in advertising over it. What about the trend toward more and more tabloid television? The country is kind of schizophrenic about that. Nobody admits to watching the stuff. In fact everyone says they hate tabloid TV, but if you compare the ratings for Hard Copy, A Current Affair, and of course, Wheel of Fortune, with the ratings for MacNeil-Lehrer, which airs at the same time.. .well, if you could make a bar graph, tabloid shows would be the World Trade Center and MacNeil-Lehrer would be a stack of three pancakes. And I do believe in Neilson ratings...again the denial. It’s like denying the validity of a bathroom scale because you don’t like what it tells you. Speaking of MacNeil-Lehrer...what do you make of the way Channel 24 has bounced back and forth on gay programming? Are they just terrified of their conservative financial backers? In a word.. .yes. I don’t believe the Channel 24 programmers are homophobes or Ander Crenshaws. They are people under intense pressure to raise money and this is a very conservative community. I have a lot of sympathy for them. They face problems the public TV stations in Boston or Minneapolis never face. This is not a congenial place where its easy to raise money, particularly for an institution that may want to do something sympathetic or supportive of the gay and lesbian community. They did the right thing when they broadcast Tongues Untied, but according to the people I talked with out there, they took a terrible financial hit as a result. They were punished by their sponsors for that decision and apparently they retreated. Do you remember the first gay characters you saw on TV? Well I think That Certain Summer... a TV movie-of-the-week with Hal Holbrook.. .was the first gay-themed show I remember. And of course there were always characters that were implicitly gay. You had to wonder about the Bonanza boys, too. I think Little Joe had a few dates but that was it. There are a few regular gay characters on TV now. I think its evolved in a good way. There was Billy Crystal on Soap. His character was not really demeaning, but his homosexuality was also sort of a running joke. Now there are characters like Martin Mull on Rosanne who just happen to be gay. No gay central characters, though. Do you think that will happen? It would be nice if there were a groundbreaking show like Cosby, but who knows where it would lead. I mean 10 years after that groundbreaking show we have blacks in atrocious, pandering shows like Martin and Living Single. How do you like your new job? The best thing about my new job is that it’s not my old job. I’ve been liberated from my TV room. I can get out in the community and see some live action...some real lives instead of video lives. How much TV did you watch? It would vary from week-to-week, depending on the programming. Usually 35 to 40 hours.. .more if there were a mini-series. I think that’s actually not much more than the average person watches TV. I know and that’s sad. Thinking About Real Estate? Call the Realtor who understands your perspective and can address your concerns. DENISE LEHEUP, REALTOR COLDWELL BANKER 170 W. Fairbanks Avenue Winter Park, Florida 32789 407.628.3199 ♦ Business 407.896.5494 ♦ Residence Expect the Best.* Accept no Less! FRiilOM LANDSCAPING & LAWN GROOMING Residential & Commercial Complete Lawn Care Flower Bed Design Hedge Trimming Debris Cleanup Replanting & Resodding FREE QUOTES Orange County Dennis Underwood 426-9877 Seminole County David Driscoll 327-0500 Ask About Our “Family Discount” m m m u agwi Auto Force Inc. A Automotive Repairs 4211 N. Orange Blossom Tr. #A3 (Just South of Lee Rd.) IMPORT and DOMESTIC Engine/Mechanical Repairs * Tune Ups Brakes * Shocks/Struts * Charging Systems Cooling Systems * Starting Systems ... 8:30-6 M-F, 10-5 Sat. OR by appointment! 290-6027 n Certified Mechanic FL Reg. # MV -12428 =: 0 N. Mills T BOO "The bookstore that can't keep a straight face!" (407) 896-0204^ WATERMARK / September 14,1994 17 TRAVEL OPENING NEW WINDOWS: Ovi#irate fnr iTLiv TrAVAli^r It Was A Vacation From Hell! This lias been the opening line from so many people when they return horn their vacation. Why was it so bad? In all likelihood, it’s because their expectations were either unrealistic or unmet. A classic example: two gentlemen decided to Celebrate their ten years together and take a cruise, piey wentto their local ® brochure after brochure of cruises, They never told her they were celebrating their love, for each other and wanted a gay cruise, ;|]^y|p||ii; a trip with the '•^fntvtmd set sail for a week on board a ship that also held groups from die Baptist Alliance-and the cruise director was thrilled to see our anniversary couple, still not knowing that they were a “couple”. Two single meal As for die Baptist group, fhey| "were' not fond of our .Couple’s' rather stylish Speedos. Needless to say, our couple returned home with less than happy memories; a lost opportunity for a great vacation, 3:: This is not.to say you should travel only to “Gay Exclusive” destinations or sail on “Gay Only” cruises. But, you should have a travel agent with whom 1 you can talk openly about your expectatlcp; An; ;kncw|yieablealx?ui International Gay Travel Association (I .G.T.A,) and if they have a specialist in; gay hiid lesbian travel; There - are rest of their client base. Be .sure that you know what you are looking for inyour vacadom lf you are looking for a romantic getaway for lovers, you need to voice that to youragent If you are looking for nightlife and dance clubs* f&ll will have the information you are looking for. If they don’t, Find another agent} The g% and lesbian travel market offerS.cve^® ?§® quiet guest houses. Fi^ri ;rq^fl0: tours. j|ven a first class African travel planning. \ Travel is much like J|unde k4ame*s new window everyday, walk down a new highway,” This article is the first of an ongoing series of reviews and stories of interest .for the lesbian and gay traveler. In share travel information with you. We two ways: “GAYEXCLUSIVE”, meaning that the resort, destination or cruise k gAv owned or operated and will cater to mostly, if ,not totally gay clientele; not offer gay exclusivity, are both safe and welcoming to gay and lesbian travelers. We will rale destinations abb resells on value, safety and gaiety. We will aim give you some firsthand suggestions as to what to do when you get there. Clubs, restaurants, beaches* bars...we will repeat it all. From the Sleaze Ball in New Orleans to the next March on Washington* we will tell you about it • ||. Remember thiat the only way your travel expectations will be met is if you Verbalize them to an agent who rcspccts your travel; Their services are free and their that old wander Lust, Don’t fprgetAuhtie feiamCs and most poof suckers .are quet and travel.with us. Feast on life, love and adventure. Write to us with your travel related questions and we will do our best to answer them. || Send your qnesttonsmS:Tfavel-^ c/o Watermark iSillllll BO. Box 533655 ♦ Orlando, Ilf ISlife Qnfuof 21 Kim Meredith Property Manager Rentals 352-8611 PROFESSIONAL GROUP, INC. 7575 Dr. Phillips Boulevard, SuitedOO Residental Sales 352-0041 Rentals 352-8611 • Residential Sales • Rentals • Property Management • New Home Sales • Commercial • Investment Property • Free Market Analysis QUALITY SERVICE It's not just a motto -It's a guarantee. James Zweifel President/Broker Residential 352-0041 The VaGAYtioners Club Mardi Gras '95 7 Ca7/S* VaGAYti oners Club ^ a Sydney Gay Mardi Gras 7 > Air from Orlando,transfers, accommodations daily breakfast P parly tickets I * aII ffY mK/ £ 1 QQR rm/rlhl nnr 9£<in **»*» &>e p> ^bbei, aracf( h ! 407 SSI S63S Aruba - Costa Rica - San Juan - Mexico - New Orleans - Key West - Orlando RS.VP. Cruises - Cay Rodeos - day Mardi Gras - Mr Leather and so much more PAYROLL DUE? RENT DUE? LOOKING TO EXPAND? DESTINY From Page 13 change lives. Schneider’s direction gave these actors no way to find and develop that depth. Through most of the production, the actors “Acting” was apparent. By using “theatre voices” and affected posturing, the actors added to the gap that the director had already established between the show and the audience. Only rarely was this gap bridged. Bradenton Scott, who played the young Ned , broke through in the second act. His commentary on love and the relationship he destroyed was honest, heart felt, and profoundly moving. His discoveries about his relationship with his brother Ben (Lou Burnstein), were equally as involving, and were helped along by Bowser’s genuine attentiveness and commentary. But as the play moved* on, the “Acting” kicked in again, and the audience was kicked right out. The end result: emotions that were disconnected and not believable. Speaking of believable, what a profound impact this show would have if the main character actually appeared to be hooked up to all those blood pumping machines. Ailing and surrounded by constant death; every moment heightened by the urgency of survival and validation. Then, when Ned breaks free from that hideous machine, splattering infected blood all over the sterile white sheets of society, we’d have a sense of accomplishment. Gay Theatre has a responsibility to set a standard as yet unrealized in Orlando. A responsibility to entertain, to teach, to validate, to elevate, and not to accommodate. Until that happens, we are all hooked up to that hideous, blood pumping machine...waiting. The beat goes on. The Destiny of Me will be performed at 8PM Fridays and Saturdays, and 7PM Sundays, through October 16 at the Acting Studio Company, 952 S. Orange Avenue, Orlando. $12 general, $10 seniors and students. (407) 425-2281. ACCOUNTS PAID LATE? We can be your cash flow solution! WE BUY BUSINESS INVOICES 24 Hour Funding • Low Rates USE ASSETS YOU ALREADY HAVE BARTLETT RESOURCE FUNDING CALL (407) 741-7747 or (407) 89441411 BUSINESS HOURS 9 AM-7 PM MEMBER OF THE NAF.P. & THE MBA WATERMARK / September 14, 1994 18 OUR CULTURE GAY COMEDY JAM FREEDOM TOUR VISITS ORLANDO LoneStar Entertainment has announced that the national “Gay Comedy Jam Freedom Tout” will visit Orlando on Wednesday, September 21. The show will be at The Comedy Zone on International Drive, starting at 8:00 PM. The Gay Comedy Jam is sponsored by The Advocate magazine, and features Scott Kennedy and Kevin Maye. In addition to being two of the hottest nationally touring comedians today, Scott and Kevin are also domestic partners (two stars sharing the same bathroom!). HARVEY FIERSTEIN SITCOM PREMIERS SEPT. 21 Harvey Fierstein will participate in another first this television season, when he becomes the first openly gay actor to play a substantial role as a gay character on a weekly series. CBS' Daddy's Girls will feature Fierstien as the very creative, very nervous, very neurotic Dennis Sinclair, a clothing designer working for series star Dudley Moore. Scott and Kevin have performed at comedy clubs world-wide as well as major Las Vegas Showrooms. They have worked with entertainers such as Garth Brooks, The Temptations, David Sanborn, Judy Tenuta, and Richard Jeni. Their two man show is an exclusive event for the gay community, and has gained national attention in the mainstream press. Conceived to celebrate Gay Pride and the 20th anniversary of Stonewall, the show has been produced in over 20 cities. Scott and Kevin will also perform in Tampa on September 12 at the Comedy Works, Jacksonville on September 19 at The Punchline, Ft. Lauderdale on September 20 at Uncle Funny’s, and W. Palm Beach on September 27 at The Comedy Corner. For more information regarding the Orlando show, call (407) 351 -3500. In fact, CBS says nothing about Fierstien’s character’s homosexuality in its publicity material, preferring to describe Dennis euphemistically as “highly strung”. Fierstien, however, states “Dennis is openly gay. They’re still sort of deciding whether he has a long-term relationship or whether he’ll be a slut.” Two openly gay actors appear regularly on weekly television series: Amanda Bearse of Fox’s Married.. .WithChildren (see is- sue 1.01), and Dan Butler, who plays Bob “Bulldog” Briscoe on NBC’s popular Frasier. In the past, gay characters on television have been played by straight actors, such as Soaps’ Billy Crystal. ADVICE-O- Dear Advice-O-Rama, I am a 25 year old gay guy, healthy, with an average-plus sex drive. My problem is that when I meet someone I might be interested in for a serious relationship, I get cold feet in the bedroom. On the other, hand, strictly sexual encounters are great. How do I learn to get wild on a “serious” date? Dear Waiting, Waiting My gut reaction is “fear of intimacy”. My next thought is to remember to practice safe sex with any sex partner. However, I understand your confusion. I wonder whether you have been deeply hurt in the past by someone you trusted. Clearly you receive sexual/geni-tal pleasure from anonymous sex. Without being judgmental, I also wonder if you are scared of getting too close to someone. You may want to explore this issue with a close friend or therapist. Personally and professionally, I believe it is best to form friendship first and relish physical intimacy later. Songwriter Michael Johnson says, “Love will get you through time of no sex better than sex will get you through times of love.” If he’s your friend, you can talk with him about your sexual concerns. Watermark ‘s Advice-O-Rama counselor is Keith Baber, M.Ed.. Keith has a degree in Counseling-Psychology, and is in private practice in Altamonte Springs. He can be reached at (407) 834-3279. T Congratulations to Blair and Steve for opening of the first bed & breakfast in the City of Orlando. Their grand opening party on Sep. 10 was memorable, as is The Veranda itself. All paddle fans, porches and rocking chairs, The Veranda suggests the Deep South. Grab your mint julep and check it out, or better yet, book a one-night vacation. It’s a beautiful place, and an important new addition to the rapidly changing.Thomton Park neighborhood. ▼ The Civic Theatre of Central Florida opens its 1994-95 Mainstage season with the song and dance sensation, Me and My Girl, Sep. 15 thru Oct. 9. A recent hit on Broadway, Me and My Girl is a charming musical that mixes razzle-dazzle showmanship with a delightfully romantic story. Me and My Girl will run Thursdays thru Saturdays at 8 PM, and Saturday and Sunday at 2:30 PM. Tickets are $16 and $ 18. For tickets call the Civic Theatre Box Office at (407) 896-7365. T The Aids Resource Alliance (ARA) presents an Open House and Evening of Art on Friday, Septemer 16 at 6 PM at their headquarters on Colonial Dr. near Orange Blossom Tr. Artists Pete Clarke, Ondra Gary, Marian Simmons and Linda Lenhardt will donate a portion of any art sales made during the evening to ARA. For more informaion, call (407) 425-2233. T The Rainbow Democratic Club presents La Cage. RDC has bought out the theater on Friday, Sep. 23 for a “Family Night Out”. Tickets are $45.00 and include dinner, show, tax and gratuity. Proceeds will benefit RDC. Call (407) 649-7875 for more details. ▼ LCN (Loving Committed Network) and the Unitarian Church present Lesbian Movie Comedy Night, Saturday, Sep. 24 at 7 PM at the Unitarian Church on the comer of Robinson and Hampton in downtown Orlando. This month features several different short videos by lesbian comedians Suzanne Westenhoefer, Karen Williams and more. Tickets are $3.00 to $5.00. Call (407) 831-2971 for more information. T The 5th Annual International Pride Film Festival in Tampa begins on Sept. 30 and runs through Oct. 9. The festival will be held at the historic Tampa Theatre, as well as other venues. This year’s festival will feature over 25 film events, including: Director Arthur Dong introducing his award winning documentary about gays in the military, Coming Out Under Fire; the Florida premier of Zero Patience, an outrageously camp AIDS musical named best feature film at the 1993 San Francisco Festival; the Florida premier of Totally Fucked Up, Greg Araki’s (The Living End) latest Gen X noir drama; the much anticipated Salmonberries, starring k.d. lang in her feature film debut. The festival opens with the Sandra Bernhard bio, Confession of a Pretty Lady. On Oct. 8 and 9, a Gala Celebration is scheduled, including a street festival and musical and theatrical performances (including Orlando’s Improvabilities). More than 5,000 attended last year’s festival. Speaking of Tampa, Emily Mann’s Execution of Justice, a play about the murder trial of Harvey Milk’s killer, Dan White, is playing at the Tmpa Theater from Sep. 30 thru Oct. 9. ▼ The Orlando Gay Chorus begins their fall season with a concert and party at the Maitland Art Center on Saturday, Oct. 1 at 6 PM. A new venue for the chorus, hors d’oeuvres and entertainment are promised. Tickets are $15.00. Call (407) 645-5866 for more information. T The Aids Resource Alliance (ARA) will hold their 2nd annual Echoes On The Green Golf Tournament on Oct. 10 at Metro West Country Club. Monies raised will go to support the needs of those suffering from AIDS. Those interested in participating, or in becoming an event sponsor, should call (407) 425-2233. ▼ Lewis Routh’s outrageous Whores of a Different Color returns to Orlando after a five year hiatus. The off-beat comedy played to packed houses at the Parliament House last time around, and in fact, the play is set on the Parliament House stage, as six gay actors rehearse a play based on a Greek myth about male/male love. According to Routh, the play is a “fun-filled romp that still packs a punch with its message.” Tickets are on sale now and limited to 100 seats per performance. Opening night, Thursday Oct. 13, will be a benefit for Gay & Lesbian Community Services. For information, call (407) 521-8134. TTTT * A * v jr»; ffirtE M&STLY VJNFAbULPUS SociAL ^.iFE Ef ETHAN GREEN... ©Y LUt WASim, AN& PESPiTE Mom’S bEST Efforts AT Focusing Yo UR INTERESTS ELSEWHERE, (PubERTY’S ©NSEtW LEFTVoU EthamHoNiv,vjHti^EX. ©bSESSEAu II 11 Jkl NlXLSCHWiHH foUP JHWCK W- s\pgVjrw5wnK’> -BRoVWiMG GRoUWPeEEF ___M You BEEN A STRa'iGHT Kli<£, Rje/JUpS You MIGHT’VE 6NdoYEdl THESE NEW HUNGERS As much as your BEST frier* burton Cohen kIWAHNAAo mmxr. vo 1 To DEANHA \GuT,HI^A£ ■ YAHBAbY/ TfSSStt'*" OH II jnsteap, Furtive fearful;Touspent MUCH OF THAT YEAR L°CKE*. IN THE UpSTAiRS CE«ilAR CLoSET, ARoUsiNeYoURSEiF V/iTH YEARBooK Pictures of the High school WrestungTeam. lEANWHiLE, OnE MIPNiGHToW (PoLK STREET, Your A&ffyfy'OUea SiSTeRS WERE GETTING REA&YTo Go GLUBBW&, BuT You Pipn’T KNoW THAto't Them, at the Time.. . ____Iack at Your Aouse , BuRToN was Sleeping OVER. XftE Two OF You WERE USING FLASHLIGHTS To Fl’GURE OUT WHO HAP BIGGER BlcERS AN<$t MORE BoAY HAitt WATERMARK / September 14,1994 19 OUR CULTURE shthat homosexuals were born with a little horn in the middle of their forehead |||;;vve .«:e^pi;'l|lie, ypf 'ffeve stand up and fights : FWWffFlffiSTQN 15 MBA BRD. Out* 16 THE About Books. 7 PM. IMPROVABILITIES. g 420-4182. “Florida’s Freshest Fruit”. Performing at RAINBOW the Eola Theatre. CONNECTION. 10:30 PM. Group for teens and 521-7499. young adults from 18- 1 25. GLCS at 7:30 PM. ARA’S EVENING 425-7450. OF ART. See Local Color. | LUCKY LADIES ■ s BOWLING. Fairlanes I Indian Hills. 6:30 PM. 298-8849. 1 THU FRI ( ' ; : m 17 18 OUT LOUD RADIO. See Sept. 24. THE DESTINY OF ME. Continues at The § Acting Studio. 7 PM. I MR. FLA. SPACE 425-2281. COAST LEATHER. 1 The Barracks in LAKE IVANHOE. Daytona Beach. (407) Look for lesbian | 259-2974. jetskiers & gay volleyballers on the ORLANDO FRONTRUNNERS. 9 AM. See Sept. 21. east side of the lake. GLBL. Bowling. 831-7171. ! SAT SUN f Three of Watermark’s Student Contributors: Tera Kenney, Mike Williams, and Katie Messmer. 22 ~ 23 | 24 | 25 1 26 27 28 LUCKY LADIES RAINBOW DEMS OUT LOUD. THE DESTINY OF GAYSKATE. BOWLING. OBBA - i FAMILY VALUES. BOWLING. See Sept. AT LA CAGE. See Lesbigay talk radio w/ ME. Continues at The Semoran Skateway in Orlando’s largest gay See Sept. 21. 15. Local Color. Judy Shaw. 1300 AM Acting Studio. 7 PM. Fern Park. 9:15 PM. & lesbian bowling % in Cocoa; 1600 AM in 425-2281. 425-4527. league. 9 PM. 644- ORLANDO RAINBOW CON- Orlando 4-7 PM. 290- 2244. FRONTRUNNERS. i NECTION. See Sept. 1600. DELTA YOUTH 7:30 PM. See Sept. 19. | 15. ALLIANCE. See 1 ORLANDO Sept. 19. 1 FRONTRUNNERS. 9 AM. See Sept. 21. ORLANDO P ■ FRONTRUNNERS. M LESBIAN MOVIE See Sept. 21. COMEDY NIGHT. ft See Local Color. 1 THU FRI 1 ,n—■ ,n ■" ’"•J SAT ■iiiNHIWHi SUN 1 f MON TUE i 1 s i m 1 ° 1 VALUES LesBiGay Radio Wednesdays • 8 - 9 PM * Call-in 646.2398 WPRK91.5 FM PO Box 561504 V Orlando V Florida V 32856-1504 V 407.298.1666 V tommy@eworld.com WATERMARK / September 14,1994 20 ARTFUL UVmG IS “ts^bs ts-vss^^L-Si^; informed that Olga “lifted and Helga inserted. I echo created by the da*nty p 1 ar,rlJh off my toenails. I needed d“^t?" ; 800-BEND0VEW. ^ «ancl'.C? naming Hostess of thentL°t "the Slamour Boys" (I kel^ ^^4 Thomas Glamour Of my rope! (which, by^ the wy. ^ Bake.shi{t revolver. I „e pushed our W out^oi handsome tsTa| *0 screamed ^^t^are^you ^UsHh ^^le'eigM "dancj ’ "-4*1 is ”y n::rr »«>- — middle name, so let s not be shy f]t f) Love to all. press is oen-ci. v.. ^bandit* 1 bnow who you are because those bills were marked! P.S 'confidential to the dressing room bandrt. (So get a manicure A.S.A.r.j. _ STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS ▼ According to an Agriculture Department study, 8.5 percent of male sheep are gay. We’re not kidding. ▼ When he dines out, our bold and outrageous friend Eric always asks to be seated at a table with a gay waiter. He says everyone relaxes and its always fun to watch the forewarned waiter make his initial, usually tentative approach to the table. Eric tells us that he’s never been to a restaurant where his request couldn’t be granted. ▼ We count three gay characters in Disney’s summer mega-hit, The Lion King. Jeremy Irons’villianous Scar, Simba’s bearish buddy Pumbaa the wart hog, and of course Timon, the meerkat who does drag and is voiced by the wonderful, adorable Nathan Lane. ▼ We’re big David Letterman fans, and it concerns us that although his show is top-rated nationwide, in Central Florida it consistently ranks behind sober Nightline and the tired Tonight Show with Jay Leno. No matter. Letterman always makes us want to create our own Top Ten lists. Top Ten Lesbian Names: Kim, Rocky, Pam, Debbie, Jo, Pat, Mickie, Spike, Lynn and B.J./D.J./C.J....anything J. ▼ Ex-Mission Impossible hunk Peter Lupus is reportedly hawking sprayable vitamins. We’re not kidding. During the ’70s, he and a bunch of B-type actors posed nude for Playgirl. Hey...when Burt Reynolds did it for Cosmopolitan it made him a household name. Fabian, George Maharis, Jim Brown, Chris George, Lyle Waggoner, never achieved the same notoriety. Do B-type actors still pose for Play? Are there any B-type actors we’d like to see pose for Playgirl? How ‘bout that guy who plays the next-door neighbor’s husband on Grace Under Fire? Did B-type actresses ever pose for Playboy or Penthouse? Obviously B-type celebrities do, as evidenced by Tonya Harding’s recent “spread” in Penthouse. ▼ While we’re on the topic of television, was there ever a TV show with better looking actors than The Big Valley? Linda Evans was a stunner. Heath, Nick, Jarrod, all hunks. Barbara Stanwyck was handsome as well. Could it be true that she was the lesbian shrew from hell as alleged in her most recent bio? T Elections don’t have to be a complete drag. At Wigstock, New York’s annual Labor Day festival of drag, one candidate for state attorney general handed out nail files with his name and the date of the primary stamped on them. TRANSITS & LUNATIONS ASTROLOGY BY MARK LAWHON ARIES (March 21-April 19): With Mars in transit through your house of the home, it may be time to move.. .or at least redecorate. But be careful with those power tools, dear; use both hands, because you’re accident-prone. If you’ve been depressed lately, there may be a light at the end of the tunnel. It’s called Saturn in retrograde. You’ll love feeiing homy again. It gives life such a sense of... purpose! TAURUS (April 20-May 20): Mercury has packed and moved into your seventh house, bringing energy for travel and significant others. Perfect timing because everyone’s bored with your old stories. Go somewhere foreign; someplace with some history. Look marvelous while you solve a friend’s love problems over capuccino at a waterfront cafe. Then go create some problems for yourself. And by all means get political. GEMINI (May 21-June 20): Earth continues to rotate while your head is in the clouds. It’s working. Don’t fight it. Others will attend to the mundane while you play. Just play healthy, and try to avoid anything clandestine. All earning potential thrusters are operational.. .a good time for gambling? But don’t spend it ‘til you’ve got it, dear. Jupiter sends you a kiss and says to watch your health for a while. CANCER (June 21-JuIy 22): Venus is with you, so be sure to create opportunities for quiet, meaningful romance near the hearth.. .just what you live for. If you’re in a relationship, this could be a time of great bonding and sexual excitement. Even pregnancy may be achievable! As Mars conjuncts the Sun, fight your tendency to overextend. And by all means, reschedule visits by family and friends. Make love, not war! LEO (July 23-Aug. 22): If there’s a sandbox available, take it. You have real access to childhood memories and it wouldn’t hurt to wallow in them for a while. Your Karma will thank you. Watch yourself before entering into any “deals”; somebody may have a hidden agenda. As always, lions, temper your appetite for food, and for life in general. I know it tastes good. I know if feels good. But moderation is a virtue (even for you). VIRGO (Aug. 23-Sept 22): It’s time to stop obsessing about finances and your future.. .right NOW. You hate taking advice, but consult a friend and listen, no matter how far-fetched. It feels like you’ve been missing out on things. You have. Choose a course of action and hit cruise-control at about 80 mph. When you arrive at your new destination, some familiar problems (like that relationship thing) will be there waiting for you. But the scenery will be better. LIBRA (Sept 23-Oct 23): Venus visits. Mercury mixes. Jupiter jumps. All in your (not so) humble house this month! It won’t last long, but in this madcap world, one good month is one good month. Besides, your stagnant routines have become depressing. Now’s the time to get centered so you can move. Meditate if necessary, but by all means rediscover the beauty of surprise. Just act surprised when that unexpected money turns up. SCORPIO (Oct 24-Nov. 21): Are you paranoid if you think people are saying good things about you behind your back? They must detect your animal magnetism, which has always worked for you like a splash of Paco Rabanne.. .everyone senses it (cough) but you. Children, however, are oblivious, and that’s a pain in the ass. If things seem a bit foggy, lose the cologne and look to your distant past. SAGITTARIUS (Nov. 22-Dec. 21): Are you a little, shall we say, overextended? Are you losing track of meetings and agendas? Are you even contributing? Reevaluate. Prioritize. Quit. Instead, pull out your London Fog and take up cigarettes. You are ripe for a very steamy, very atypical ...affair. Avoid that judgmental mother for a while, and by all means avoid legal surprises. CAPRICORN (Dec. 22-Jan. 19): That tug of war in your relationship isn’t over yet. Bummer. Friends and group activities will see you through while you decide whether to dig in your heels or let go of the rope. You may feel a bit like a Christmas glass ball that’s just been shaken furiously. Focus inward until your personal snow flakes have settled enough for you to see out. AQUARIUS (Jan. 20-Feb. 18): Aperiod of revelations. That plug that’s been blocking your career will dislodge...finally. And you’ll get to know that person you’ve been getting to know. Cut your losses. Anything that’s not readily apparent should be investigated. Ladies, pay close attention to whatever your body may be trying to tell you. PISCES (Feb. 19-March 20): Stock hankies and prozac. The full moon on the 19th means emotional release. Johnstown flood. Let it happen. The planets are aligned to protect you like a five-day deoderant. But decide now that you will not decide anything until the new moon on Oct 14th. Instead, gather data like a whale gathering plankton. Perhaps that relationship would work better as a friendship. Mark Lawhon is certified by the American Federation of Astrologers, and is available for consultations by calling 407-894-1506. WATERMARK / September 14,1994 21 ACCOUNTANT •Monthly Accounting •Financial Statements •Tax Service (Individual, Corporate, Partnership, Estate) Barber & Latto Certified Public Accountants 639 Ramona Lane (West Colonial & Ramona) Orlando, FL 32805 (407) 843-9582 ACCOUNTANT FRACASSI & ASSOCIATES Certified Public Accountant 218 South Bumby Ave. □ Orlando, FL 32803 Fax 407/896-6824 □ Phone 407/896-6858 Personalized Professional Service Business & Individual Income Taxes Accounting & Payroll for Small Business Free Initial Consultation ATTORNEY Margaret E. Lederer, P.A. Attorney At Law • Registered Nurse Personal Injury 227 N. Magnolia Ave. • Suite 200 • Orlando, FL 32801 Phone: (407) 246-0044 • Fax: (407) 426-7227 BOOKSTORE CLEANING CARPET BUSTERS TRUST YOUR CARPETS & UPHOLSTERY TO A CERTIFIED, TRAINED WOMAN! 740-6233 672-6485 BOOKSTORE J OF DAYTONA BEACH Metaphysical Books & Things MON-FR110 AM-6 PM SAT 11 AM-5 PM 1501 Ridgewood Avenue (In The Coastal Centre) Holly Hill, FL 32117 Beth Faulds, Owner 904/672-4451 CARD SHOP I 1 1 lAl IE 1 1 A U 1 1 I i 10 0 1 0 i G i Ifll 1 I A skinny little card shop 2409 EDGEWATER DR. 849-1486 CATERING f SIMPLY ELEGANT Jtlf MICHAEL PELKOWSKI Full Service Catering and Party Planning (407) 578-1157 JEFFREY GAUL CLEANING SINCE 1985 MAID SERVICE HOMES • OFFICES NO TEAMS • ONE PERSON PERSONAL SERVICE 297-0047 MARKETPLACE DIET Ki Available only at Center The weight-loss professionals.* •Serving Orlando since 1980 •Computerized & personalized •Nutritionally sound composition (lean or fat) •You eat real food and select a sensible exercise routine •No shots or drugs •Effective, affordable weight management services Mention This Ad and Receive 10% Off Reducing 872-0054 322 E. MICHIGAN ST. DISPLAY/MERCHANDISING VISUALS DISPLAY & MERCHANDISING NEW & USED • Showcases Racks • Displays • Store Fixtures -featuring - A complete mannequin restoration & make-over service Winter Park Mall • 500 N. Orlando Ave. Suite 1464 • Winter Park, FL 32789 • (407) 645-3357 • FLORIST JiaCC's ^[owersj FULL SERVICE FLORIST Ph: (407)649-8005 (800) 299-4852 Fax: (407) 649-4355 817 E. Washington Orlando, FL 32801 ISSUE... SUBSCRIBE TO WATER- MARK FUNERAL THE SIMPLICITY PLAN ™ MARILYN K. BRINSON Pre-Arrangement Counselor 407-671-3919 • 349-5644 Baldwin-Fairchild Cemeteries and Funeral Homes 2400 Harrell Rd • Orlando, FL 32817 HEALTH FOODSAITAMINS THE HEALTH NUT, INC. Great Selection Herbal Teas Vitamins Full Homeopathic Lines LAURENCE C. STILL • JAMIE P. STILL Owners 6570 Old Winter Garden Rd. Orlando, FL 32835 (407) 297-6655 Fax (407) 297-7565 HOME IMPROVEMENT CUSTOM DRAPERIES & WINDOW TREATMENTS Swags • Sheers • Valances • Duettes • Blinds Verticals • Wallpaper • Bedding • Upholstery We Come To You! Serving Orlando's Homes & Offices Since 1979 WINDOWS & WALLS 298-2626 6100 W. Colonial Dr. - Orlando INSURANCE/INVESTMENTS tMAivre you#* fiifovre. Hugh Roweii? Ill THE EQUITABLE Phone: 407-246-6500 £ MASSAGE Massage Therapy Reduces Stress • Relaxes Muscles Kirk Johnston L.M.T. MA0012605 Voice Pager 872-2075 NOTARY Become a Florida Notary tij] 24 Hr. Service AM Mobile He Member of the American Society of Notaries ROSEMARIE LINDAUER Roger (407) 941-0252 Phone (407) 298-1277 Fox (407) 298-1093 Wills. Living Wills Affidavits, and Revocable Living Trust PHYSICIAN Caring For Women, P.A. Obstetrics • Gynecology • Infertility Brenda M. Barry, M.D. 521 W. SR 434 • Suite 201 • Longwood, FL 32750 706 W. Lake Mary Blvd • Suite 105 • Lake Mary, FL 32746 (407)260-9244 PRINTING in-fiouse printery 407-896-4600 FAX 407-896-0060 TTTTTTTTTTT COMING SOON: mmm TELEPERSONALS REALTOR VICTOR BROWN & JOEL SCHECHTER 671-0492 The Prudential Florida Realty REALTOR unique homes m & investments, inc. yS- margaret a davis broker hablo espanot 805 e. Washington street orlando, florida 32801 O: 407-425-9982 h: 407-629-5870 fax: 407-425-0121 here to serve our community WATERMARK / September 14,1994 22 SPORTS Some of the Ballbusters celebrate the end of another practice. Front: Lisa, Doug, Becky Vickie, Donna. BALLBUSTERS PREPARE FOR TOURNEY They’ve practiced. They’ve oiled their gloves. They’ve booked their hotel rooms. They’ve raised close to $1000 to cover costs. The Ballbusters, one of Orlando’s premier women’s softball teams, are ready for the ASA’s Women’s Class-C Nationals in St. Augustine. Psyched as a matter of fact. Eighty women’s softball teams will compete for national bragging rights at the tournament, held from Thursday, Sept. 22 thru Sunday, Sept. 25. According to Coach Doug Atkins, who has coached the team for six years, the “Busters” have “a lot of great players. We also have a lot of fun. We’re a close team.” The Ballbusters, who are sponsored by Contemporary Awnings, earned the right to participate in the tournament by finishing fourth in the city’s Metro Tournaments. Some of the core “Busters” can’t participate in the four-day tournament, so Coach Atkins and his team have hand-picked talented ball-players from competing teams. Atkins states, “I don’t claim to be a great coach, but I’m smart enough to surround myself with great players.” The Ballbusters is comprised mostly of “professional women who love to play soft-ball.” At least half are lesbian, Atkins notes. “Many have kids, so they bring their kids, I bring my kids...its just a real family atmosphere with this team.” “In fact,” he adds, “softball is a great equalizer. All we care about is that our players have the right skills and the right attitude.” Based on their performance at a recent Sunday morning practice, the Ballbusters have that right attitude. After two hours in the hot sun, players were chasing down line drives and throwing the softball with a real sense of purpose. Teammates could be heard encouraging each other and applauding extra effort. “We’re going to win,” says Coach Atkins. ORLANDO SEEKS NATL BOWLING EVENT A dedicated and ambitious group and lesbian bowlers is trying to bring the massive 1995 IGBO (International Gay Bowling Organization) Mid-year Bowling Tournament to Orlando. The tournament will be held November 10, 11 and 12. The IGBO tournament is expected to draw up to 600 gay and lesbian bowlers to the area, who will compete for $15,000 in prize money. Tournament Director Robert Young, Co-Directors James Cardinal, Merri Wedemeyer, Keith McDaniel, Treasurer James Hunt and Secretary Ron Carpenter will make their presentation to IGBO officials on October 27 in Tucson, Arizona. They propose a “Fantasy ’95" theme, and will highlight Orlando’s weather, many attractions and accomodations. If Orlando is STANDINGS & SCORES CHANGE BLOSSOM BOWLING ASSOCIATION mSmm im WON m \ i 5 ! ■il ■■ill gMlilMl iilllllll 2 i 3 2 Balls Short 5 i mm i 4 GoodNWsitf si 2 1 $ fens #2? ■l* MV 4 fens#? si 2 7 lady/Tramps 5 ■ 2 8 Team #25 5 2 9 Team #i8 5 2 19 4 3 it '. Team 14 4 1*1 12 Barbary Uners 1 MU Mi ft 4 ! 3 14 Girl You’re Up 1 4 3 15 M Team #22 4 3 ■■1 Terns #24 Bill 2 n Team #19 3 2 18 Team #3 3 2 ft Team #12 3 ' ill® 2& S ■Hill ! 2 21 Team #21 3 2 n mn 2 2 23 Team #28 2 1111 24 Team #15 min 2 25 Team #14 2 2 24 Team #8 ! 2 2 i n mtm 2 2 28 Team #26 2 % ft m I Tuesday Knights 2 2 mm 1 troop 2 mi awarded the tournament, the Orlando Marriott will function as the host hotel and banquet facility. Bowling centers will include Fairlanes Skybowl and Winter Park BowlAmerica. The IGBO Mid-year tournament would bring an estimated half million dollars in revenues to the host city. r WHEN YOU'RE READY TO BUY OR SELL A HOME! •FREE Market Analysis •Full Time Professional •Image ol The Prudential •Knowledge ot All Areas •Dedicated to Work Hard for You! MARK“MARKO”DOLE REALTOR ® 399-DOLE cellular ThePrudential Gallagher Properties 5425 S. Semoran Blvd . Suite 7 D Orlando. FL 32822 Bus (407) 380-3800 Fax (407)380-3408 L HEADLINE: SUBSCRIPTION AND CLASSIFIED AD ORDER FORM CHECK ONE: □ Roommates □ Services □ Travel □ Volunteers □ Announcements □ Employment - Seeking □ Employment - Offered □ Merchandise □ Real Estate - For Rent □ Real Estate - For Sale □ Miscellaneous SEND TO: Watermark P.O. Box 533655 Orlando, FL 32853-3655 FAX 407.481.2246 TEXT (Up to 30 words) W cq 2 u (A ac (A □ Please enter my one-year (25 issues) subscription. Enclosed is my check for $35, payable to: WATERMARK NAME:______________________________________________ STREET ADDRESS:____________________________________ PHONE (Optional): 1 J CLASSIFIEDS FRIENDSHIP Attractive Italian GWM, 5’8”, 159 lbs. romantic, healthy, masculine, sincere, honest, straight forward with varied interests, seeking similar inshape GWM 29-49 for friendship/ relationship, Tom (407) 647-7759. MISCELLANEOUS Healthy, loving, stable, long-term professional gay couple seek lesbian to function as surrogate mother. Flex-ible regarding nature of future involvement with child. SERIOUS RESPONSES ONLY. Will pay all medical and associated expenses. Reply c/o W. Thomas Dyer, Attorney at Law, 701 E. Washington St., Suite 2oo, Orlando, FL 32801. (407) 648-1153. Gorgeous AKC Registered DALMATION puppies. Available Oct. 6. Parents on premises. (6) males $300, (4) females $325 and up. Call Rick at 682-6096. All come with certificate of health. ROOMMATES NO TAN LINE. Beautiful 3/2 pool home. SE location. Will share with neat, employed, liberal M/F. $425/mo includes all but phone. Call (407) 282-3024. HOME TO SHARE. 3/2 w full house privileges. Quiet neighborhood. Washer/dryer. Cable. Avail, immediately. Prefer female. $330/mo includes utilities. Deposit. Call (407) 293-2961. SERVICES YOUR IMAGE. Needs a professional look - to get the job you want or to complete that college project. Put 14 years of experience behind your resume, documents, and word processing. Great prices and quick quality results. Call Patti at (407) 898-4237. LOVING LAWN CARE. Help to support a new family business. Blue Skye Lawn Service is a licensed, professional business that specializes in all aspects of lawn maintenance. Call (407)629-0302. MR. DOMEZTIC. Home and pool cleaning set to your individual parameters. Fast, convenient service. Call GAYLINE ONLINE. GayLink (BBS) has gone computerized. Our national network went online August 1st. For a free software package and a 30-day Free Membership, contact the Genesis Foundation. Call (407) 857-5444. Fax (407) 438-3695. MEET SOMEONE TODAY! Find that special guy or girl with the “Telephone Matchmaker.” Always a free call and anonymous. Call in Orlando at 648-9047. (Gay owned and operated). NEON/INTERIOR NEON. Mood lighting; Neon Sculptures, customized to your needs. LET ME LIGHT UP YOUR NIGHTS! BERND’S NEON - licensed & reputable. Telephone & Fax (407) 644-0553. References available. IN YOUR HOME one on one fitness experience designed to fit your personal needs, including weight loss, body, shaping, cardiovascular aerobics conditioning. Flexible hours & payment plans available. Call 932-4319. WANTED Watermark peeks correspondents and distribution persons for Volusia, Brevard, Osceola, Polk, and Lake counties. Please send resume and writing samples to Watermark, P.O. Box 533655, Orlando, FL 32853-3655. WATERMARK / September 14,1994 23 r In Memoriam Of Our Founder, Cecil Ray deLoach (1952-1991) fyachOut L ^ Ind The Medical Escrow Society Jielp foul MP Our Advance Cash Benefits program allows someone facing a life threatening illness, with up to a five year life expectancy, to obtain immediate cash from their life insurance coverage in order to improve their quality of life and fulfill wishes and desires. The Medical Escrow Society is the oldest and largest advocate for the insured. We represent you to several benefactor groups, in order to obtain the highest cash offer for your life insurance coverage. We will assist you regardless of whether your policy is an individual or group, large or small. Our service is quick, strictly confidential, and requires only one simple application. There is no cost and no obligation. Call now for more information! A personal representative is available 24 hours a day to assist and help you. ' The Medical Escrow Society... Jiere Today, Tor your Tomorrow! 1-800-422-1314 Founding Member, National Viatical Association A DR till id I— * v\vba*- I1M— MONA, MCMULLEN & liwwfwll HflM* BJIIII Ifcl It WWlFfc# I'AUMNA MTOB# 1 nm 1*81*11 IflfIMJljH ! 111 ' It’s time to take a closer look. Toyota Camry SE $22,913 Nissan Maxima SE $24,614 Pontiac Bonneville SSE $26,459 UST PRICE (per Volvo Store) VOLVO 940 s22,660 • Dual air-bags • Volvo's patented side-impact protection • ABS CFC-free air conditioning • 6 speaker sound system w/ anti-theft • And, of course,power everything THE STORE 1051W. Webster Ave. (next to the Winter Park Mall) - 628-0550 LIST PRICES (per Kelley Bluebook) Buick Park Avenue $27,624 W'W SUNDAYS sizz:le at BOXCARS with RETRO T DANCE 70's & 80's Classic Dance Starting September 18th Doors open at 4PM No cover til 6PM Featuring 25C draft, $1.50 wells and $1.75 domestic beer 6-9 PM Resident DJ Brent Simpson welcomes Retro DJ Chris Rehbein BOXCARS 140 Fnnwnd Bln) ■ Fen Falk. FL 32730 • (487) 831-7559 (Located across from the Orlando lai-Lai • Formerly “Central Station”) Plenty of free parking A. Bach ACLU Alan Ellis Alfred J. Kinsey Alison Bechdel Altamonte Springs Amanda Bearse American Civil Liberties Union Anthony S. Fauci Apopka Arthur Dong Atkins Barbara Stanwyck Bette Davis Billy Crystal bisexual Blechman Bob Brooks Bob Wattles Brandon Ethridge Breuer Brian Mcnaught Briscoe Bruce Nants Burt Reynolds C. Slapke Carrboro Cdc Charles Mahan Christopher Hynes Claudettte Colbert Clinton Dan Butler Dan Mathews Dan Spoone Dan White Danielle Steele David Driscoll David Letterman David Sanborn David W. Shea Dawson Daytona Beach Deborah Bleckman Dennis Sinclair Dennis Underwood Diaz Don Reid Doug Atkins Doug Ferguson Dudley Moore Edward Murphy Edwards Eric Orner Erin Somers Ethridge Ettore Scola Fern Park Fierstein Firestone Fosca Fowler Fran Pignone Fred Hutchinson Full Moon Saloon Garth Brooks Gary Webb gay George Maharis George Winslow, Jr. Gloria Goes Greg Dawson Hal Holbrook Harmony Brenner Harrell Harvey Milk homosexuality homosexuals Hugh Roweii Hynes Igino Ugo Tarchetti Jack Godley Jacksonville James A. Crescitelli James Cardinal James Hunt Jamie P. Still Jay Leno Jesse Helms Jim Brown Jim Towey Jimmy Stewart Joan Crawford John Edwards John K. Tanner Johnson Johnston Judith Pippin Judy Shaw Judy Tenuta Justin Elzie K. D. Lang Karen Gievers Karen Williams Katie Messmer Keith Baber Keith Meinhold Keith Peterson Ken Kundis Kenney Kevin Maye Key West Lake Ivanhoe Lawhon lesbians Leslea Newman letterman Lew Finch Lewis LGBT LGBTQ+ Linda Chapin Linda Evans Linda Gonzalez Linda Lenhardt Linda Stewart Mardi Gras Margo Channing Marian Simmons Martin Martin Mull Mary Tyler Moore McDaniel Meinhold Merri Wedemeyer Michael Johnson Michael L. Kilgore Michael Pelkowski Mike Williams Moira Lasch Murphy Nan Schultz National Institutes Of Health Newman Norma Shearer orange county orlando Paco Rabanne Parliament House Patty Villane Paul Gemignani Pete Clarke Peter Lupus Peter Warren Kenny Phillips Pignone queers questioning Rainbow Democratic Club Ramona Lane Richard Jeni Robert Holland Robert Young Robinson Ron Carpenter Rosaline Sloan Rosanne Sloan Rosie Daley Rrafael Gasti Rupert Murdoch Russell same-sex Sandra Bernhard Scott Kennedy Shauna Underwood Smith Southern Nights Stanford Stanley Sporkin Stewart Susan Pickman Suzanne Westenhoefer Tampa Taylor Teresa Diaz The Boston Herald The Orlando Sentinel The Semoran Skateway The Watermark Thomas Glamour Tom Dorman Tom Dyer Tom Johnston Tonya Harding trans transgender Truman Capote W. Thomas Wayne Wayne Smiled William Kennedy Smith Winter Park Yvonne Vassell https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f8b4e7440b3f974aceff788b2697332e.pdf a16e43831cf8678a401100905936b744 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Watermark Collection Alternative Title The Watermark Collection Subject Gay culture--United States Description Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES Program</a> Type Collection Contributing Project <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/%20" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/">The Watermark</a> Curator Smith, Robert Cepero, Laura O'Neal, Rhiannon Hearn, Nikki Greene, Quintella Rodriguez, Sharon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/%20" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/" target="_blank">About/Contact</a>." WatermarkOnline.com, accessed July 11, 2016. http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Watermark, Vol. 1, No. 6, November 9, 1994 Alternative Title Watermark, Vol. 1, No. 6 Subject Gay culture--United States Description The sixth issue of The Watermark was published on November 9, 1994, and discusses community reactions to several LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) issues. Notably, the major issue covered was a discussion of Tom Woodard, a police officer who five years earlier revealed he was gay and fought for the right to remain employed despite that. This issue also addressed community reactions to the death of Marion Baker, who was a larger than life gay activist, even though she was straight. The paper also continues its trend of publishing international articles this time focusing on, the Supreme Court consideration to ban gays from adoption, a lesbian couple in Utah being denied family housing, a man who was shot in San Francisco for holding another man’s hand, and Russia’s requirement for international visitors to be tested for HIV/AIDS. Another article focuses on southeast exclusive grocery chain, Publix attempting to convince its voting customers to vote in alignment with the Religious Right. An important note is that this issue is missing two-pages, pages 15 and 16. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark. Type Text Source Original 28-page newspaper: <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">The Watermark</a>, Vol. 1, No. 6, November 9, 1994: Publications Collection, <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/203" target="_blank">The Watermark Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 28-page newspaper: <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">The Watermark</a>, Vol. 1, No. 6, November 9, 1994. Coverage Orlando, Florida Tallahassee, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida San Francisco, California Washington, D.C. Ottawa, Canada Honolulu, Hawaii Salt Lake City, Utah Richmond, Virginia Miami, Florida Moscow, Russian Federation New York City, New York Thornton Park Café, Orlando, Florida Creator Barber, Keith Crectitelli, James A. De Matteis, Stephen Dyer, Tom Kersey, Keely A. Kundis, Ken Maines, Ted O'Lay, Lola Saranno, Joe Sloan, Rosanne Publisher <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Media</a> Date Created ca. 1994-11-09 Date Issued 1994-11-09 Date Copyrighted 1994-11-09 Format application/pdf Medium 28-page newspaper Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally published by <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Media</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Publishing Group</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> Curator Smith, Robert Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/" target="_blank">About/Contact</a>." WatermarkOnline.com, accessed July 11, 2016. http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/. Transcript VOLUME 1, NUMBER 6 NOVEMBER 9,1994 COMMUNITY............... CHAMPION MARION BAKER TITTTQ ' by James A. Cresciteili Por those who’ve been active in Orlando’s gay community for some time, the name Marion Baker conjures a very specific image: a feisty, silver-haired woman with an attitude and a tongue to match. She was a woman who could handle the roughest gay hot-line caller, or run the most difficult discussion i and kind understanding. Not gay herself, Marion be-. came involved in our community ||Pf result of her volunteer work. Back in 1076 she was one of tire standard bearers of a new organization, Gay Community Services. GCS, as it was called then, has become the thriving and multi-faceted GLCS, an organization many of us use frequently and often take for granted, in those early days, Marion was a consistent presence at sparsely-attended meetings, and she always volunteered to take calls and run groups at whatever location was being used by the nomadic early GCS. Her strong presence and no-nonsense approach were much needed in those days. Marion Baker died otvNovember 2nd at her home in Orlando. She will be missed by the many who loved and respected her, and by the gay community as a whole. 1 first met Marion at a GCS rap group held at Pasadena Place. As was often the case back then, Marion was the only woman in a room filled with gay men. Nobody minded. AIDS had just begun its insidious scourge and many of us were bewildered and frightened by this new horror. There, amid the tattered couches and chairs leaking stuffing, Marion would hear our concerns. She was never shy about Continued Page 8 LIFE FOLLOWS SUIT TOM WOODARD: FIVE YEARS LATER by Ken Kundis and Tom Dyer A cop is a cop of course, of course and his private life is his own resource. Unless, of course, He’s on the force Of the Amazing Sheriff Walt! Because he’s the top dog flic Iojtcc You must li'"* a lifestyle That he’ll endorse Or else you’ll not the law enforce For the Amazing Sheriff Walt Work real hard and do your job And earn your weekly pay It matters not to Sheriff Walt Not if he learns you are gay! Sung to the theme from Mister Ed. It was 1989. This clever penned by then-featured columnist Bob Morris, appeared in The Orlando Sentinel. The song satirized the ludicrous situation that had turned an Orange County Sheriff's Deputy into the biggest news story of the day. Underduress from his employer, Tom Woodard admitted having sexual relations with another man. Despite a spotless work record, he was asked to resign by the Orange County Sheriff at that time, Walt Gallagher, and as headlines would soon reveal, he was fighting back. “/just instinctively knew that it was wrong,” Woodard now says, looking back. So he found a lawyer a lawsuit. The ensuing legal battle received national media attention, galvanized Orlando’s once-slumbering gay community, and created a hesitant but defiant activist in Tom Woodard. "Inever, never thought it was a mistake,” he says, adding with a laugh, just didn’t know it would take so long.” In fact, it would be an emotional three-and-a-half-year rollercoaster ride, with the media covering every swoop and curve. For a time, stories appeared in the Orlando Sentinel almost daily. Local TV news covered rallies held on Woodard’s behalf. Nationwide, both gay and straight newspapers and magazines such as The Advocate featured the story prominently. Ultimately, Woodard prevailed, getting his job as a Sheriff’s Deputy back and setting important legal precedent in the process. In finding that Gallagher had violated WoodarcTs ri^ht to privacy, Judge Reflecting 6n the events of 1989 and beyond, Tom Woodard sees himself as a changed man. Motivated simply by the desire to work in law enforcement, as his parents had before him, Woodard sought only to retain his position as a deputy. What his case developed into, however, was something more far-reaching, sparking a national debate on the fundamental employment rights of gays and lesbians. mmmmmmmmmrnmm dence that [Woodard's] job or public life was affected in any respect by such conduct. ” Aimk I W'ASL fining if Continued Page 0 TOM WOODARD TODAY: "When all this started I had never been to a gay bar." WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 2 WHY PAY FOR THE WHOLE CAR WHEN YOU ONLY HAVE TO PAY FOR HALF*? FORD’S 24-MONTH RED CARPET LEASE Top 10 Leasing Consultant - Region Flexible Financing,Sales and Leasing Serving Central Florida's Family Since 1985 6 Consecutive Years' Membership in Ford's Top 2% Sales FRED BERLINER RSTATE 4 A N Caj DONnopi RE|D XI FORD <*21 N MAITLAND J : :Tm LEE ROAD ^ I h- z : I t^SkteIn 1 WINTER PARK VMRXMAty I A spectacular lakefront and pool estate for sale Directly across Rock Lake from the Parliament House 329 Ventura, open for your inspection by private appointment Secluded and very private is this acre-plus ultracontemporary hideaway, an entertainer's dream. More than 3,300 square feet of bright, airy living space features skyline views from practically every ample room. Quarry tile floors everywhere, top-of-the-line appliances, expansive windows, gated drive, mirrored walls, fireplace, and incredible fixtures show cutting-edge taste. The pool faces the sunrise, and is framed by sable palms and tropical gardens. And just beyond, Orlando's skyline shimmers in the ski lake. One of the three bedroom suites encompasses the second floor. Some minor cosmetics are left for the creative buyer. This truly unique find, minutes from Orlando's hub, is priced under appraisal at $225,000. Call... Tom Page, REALTOR Keith Bergstrasser & Co. Inc. Specializing in downtown Orlando residential sales (407) 895-4700 / 579-3333 WATERMARK / November 9,1994 3 LOCAL & STATE NEWS SUPREME COURT CONSIDERS GAY ADOPTION BAN TALLAHASSEE, Fla. (AP) - Gay couples should have the same rights anyone else does to adopt children, attorneys for a Sarasota man told the state Supreme Court. But state attorneys argued on Nov. 4 that lawmakers have the power to bar gay adoptions, and social services authorities are entitled to delve into the sex lives even of heterosexuals planning adoptions. “There is simply no basis to conclude that homosexuals are in any way less capable than heterosexuals of being good parents,” Nina Vinik, an American Civil Liberties Union attorney from Miami, argued on behalf of James W. Cox. The court is considering an appeal by Cox, who, with his companion, Rodney M. Jackman, also of Sarasota, sought to adopt children with physical, mental or emotional handicaps. The two, who acknowledged their homosexuality, were told by HRS officials in 1991 that state law prohibited homosexuals from adopting children. Cox, 32, a professional pianist, and Jackman, 28, a state Department of Revenue collection specialist, challenged the law in Circuit Court in Sarasota. Circuit Judge Scott Brownell declared it unconstitutional in March 1993. But Brownell’s decision was overturned in December by the 2nd District Court of Appeal in Lakeland. The state Supreme Court didn’t rule after hearing oral arguments, and the justices have no deadline for making ORLANDO, Fla. (AP) - The state prison system will save millions of dollars by opening a nearly $1 million, 133-bed AIDS treatment center next year, corrections officials say. But some question how the state will use the facility, designed to deal more efficiently with the disease that has become the biggest killer of Florida prison inmates. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome has claimed the lives of 392 Florida prison inmates in the past six years. In the 1993-94 fiscal year ending June 30, when the prison population averaged 53,512 inmates, 103 died of AIDS. State Corrections Secretary Harry Singletary said the center would provide a cheap and humane approach to treating AIDS sufferers. “It really does make good correctional sense,” Singletary said. But prisoner rights advocates with the American Civil Liberties Union worried about inmates infected with human a ruling. “Our Legislature has imposed a per se exclusion of only one class,” Vinik told the justices. That violates Cox’s state constitutional guarantees of equal protection under the law, she said. “We ask that HRS make an individualized determination in his case like any other.” “In excluding members of a particular class, wouldn’t one need to show that all members of the class are unfit to adopt?” Justice Gerald Kogan asked Anthony DeLuccia Jr., attorney for the Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services. “Suppose you said anyone who is black can’t adopt, or anyone who is Jewish can’t adopt?” Kogan asked. DeLuccia responded that race and religion are constitutionally protected, but “the Supreme Court of the United States has said homosexuality is not one of those fundamental rights that are deeply rooted in the nation’s history.” Vinik said the law also violates constitutional guarantees of privacy. By making adoption conditional on sexual orientation, she said, “This statute violates Mr. Cox’s right to intimate decisionmaking.” New Hampshire is the only other state with a state law barring adoptions by homosexuals. immunodeficiency virus who haven’t developed AIDS. Jackie Walker, AIDS information coordinator for the ACLU’s National Prison Project, said such a center could be used to segregate HIV-positive inmates - even though the virus can remain dormant for years - and reduce their access to services. “If it’s actually a move by Corrections as they’re describing it, as a compassionate way to treat inmates with AIDS, that would be good,” said Walker. “But it’s something that’s going to have to be monitored.” John Burke, chief of health services administration for the Department of Corrections, said the center, scheduled to open late next summer, would offer care for only 10 to ^ 15 percent of the 530 inmates already suffering from AIDS. By easing health-care burdens on individual prisons, Burke said, the center is expected to save the prison system $ 1 million to $ 1.5 million a year. Jm. DAYTONA BEACH ■ ■ AIDS OUTREACH JSgg§& JOINS NATL fundraiser Outreach, Inc, of Daytona Beach has joined other AIDS support agencies throughout the country in an ambitious national fundraising ': project, “The Caring Tree” will beneftt AIDS 1 service organizations through the sale of holiday trees and wreaths. These items, decked with a symbolic red ribbon, will be shipped directly to the contributor’s home or designated delivery site on their choice of delivery dates. - -jBy' : lor a Caring | Tree AIDS service organization such as Outreach, • Inc., the contributor not only receives a holiday ; : decoration, but also makes an important and sub-stantial gift. Half of the tree or wreath’s price remains with the organization to help provide services to those infected or otherwise affeeted by HIV. Caring Tree holiday trees are Premium grade the Blue;Ridge Mountains, Holiday wreaths are made from freshly cut Fraser Fir Boughs. Both are guaran-" | teed to be shipped to the contributor’s door on one of four shipping dates, from Thanksgiving to December 16. Proceeds from Volusia and Flagler Counties’ pahicipatidn in the Caring Tree project will help Outreach, Inc. of Daytona Beach continue to provide services to HIV positive individuals and their families. To purchase a tree or wreath, call • {904)672-6069. NEXT ISSUE AVaNaKIa MAVAml,A. A LOOK AT ELECTION RESULTS AND THE GAY VOTE STATE PRISON SYSTEM TO OPEN AIDS CENTER PUBLIX DISTRIBUTES RELIGIOUS RIGHT VOTING GUIDE by Tom Dyer For approximately two weeks directly prior to last Tuesday’s mid-term election, Publix Super Markets distributed voter’s guides compiled by a conservative religious organization. The voters guide was published by the Florida Family Council, a Tampa-based organization whose stated goal is “to strengthen the family... and to promote Judeo-Christian values in our culture.” According to Todd Simmons, a Tampa gay rights activist, the Florida Family Council is affiliated with Colorado’s Focus on the Family, and the Oregon Citizens’s Alliance, both organizations which have spearheaded anti-gay ref-erendums. “These organizations are virulently homophobic,” says Simmons. The 16 page guide, which asked candidates their religion and marital status, printed questions and answers to such questions as: “Do you support or oppose legislation or constitutional protection for individuals based on their sexual preference?” “Do you support or oppose legal protection of a woman’s ability to obtain an abortion.” “Do you support or oppose legislation prohibiting an increase in welfare benefits for women who continue to bear children out of wedlock?” “Do you support or oppose legislation permitting voluntary prayer by students at public schools?” Earlier this month, Publix removed the guide from 150 stores in southeast Florida, where consumer complaints were substantial and vehement. Boca Raton resident Harry Westen was among those offended. “It seems to be strictly propaganda,” Westen said. “I don’t think it’s a function of this kind of retail organization to be going into politics.” According to Publix spokeswoman Jennifer Bush, the large super market chain had no plans to remove the guide from the chain’s other 274 stores prior to the election. When contacted on Friday, Nov. 4, a Publix customer relations representative stated, “We have had so many calls on this issue that all I can do is find out whether you support the guides or oppose them and take your phone number.” 300,000 copies of the voter’s guide were initially made available at Publix Super Markets. Publix has over 60 outlets in the Orlando/Daytona Beach area. Nationwide, organizations similar to the Florida Family Council distributed voter guides prior to the election in an attempt to educate and motivate conservative voters. The majority of these organizations are affiliated with the Christian Coalition, an offspring of religious broadcaster Pat Robertson’s 1988 presidential campaign. A sampling of guides across the country, including the one published by the Florida Family Council, indicated that in the overwhelming majority of cases, the Republican candidate’s views were most in line with those espoused by the guide’s publisher. Coalition leaders deny picking sides, which would violate their tax-exempt status. They say questions and answers were carefully worded and presented fairly in the guides, and the choice was then left to the voter. “We know the rules and we play by them,” said coalition spokesman Mike Russell. But many Democrats complained of distortions in the voting guides. In Oklahoma, for example, Democratic House candidate Stuart Price said the coalition’s guide was full of “mistruths” about his views on abortion, school prayer and homosexuality. He urged Oklahoma churches not to distribute it. Leaders of the Interfaith Alliance, an organization founded to monitor the so-called religious right, accused the Christian Coalition of twisting candidates’ records and said late release of the guides proved the organizations’ bias by not giving candidates time to respond. But even the coalition’s fiercest critics give it a begrudging respect. “They have a lot of very good lawyers,” sais Arthur Kropp, president of the liberal People for the American Way. “While they don’t come right out and endorse, it is very clear, at least from the perspective of the Christian Coalition, who you should vote for.” Those wishing to register their disapproval with Publix over distribution of the Florida Family Council’s voter’s guide may call Publix customer relations in Lakeland at (813) 688-1188, or contact their local Publix Super Market directly. Wire service stories were used in compiling this article. WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 4 NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL NEWS Kim Meredith Property Manager PROFESSIONAL GROUP, INC. 7575 Dr. Phillips Boulevard, Suite 100 Residental Sales 352-0041 Rentals 352-8611 • Residential Sales • Rentals • Property Management • New Home Sales • Commercial • Investment Property • Free Market Analysis James Zweifel President/Broker Rentals 352-8611 QUALITY SERVICE It's not just a motto -It's a guarantee. Residential 352-0041 TRUCKS VANS CARS SELL FINANCE TRADE RICK ELL "LET US HELP YOU ESTABUSH OR RE-ESTABUSH YOUR CREDIT TODAY’ 8403 E. Colonial Drive • Orlando, Florida 32817 • 273-5000 • Fax 277-0655 iiHiiHiiiiiiW NATIONAL CIVIL RIGHTS LEADERS OPPOSE OREGON, IDAHO, FLORIDA MEASURES WASHINGTON (AP) - Coretta Scott King and the Rev. Jesse Jackson are urging voters in Oregon, Idaho and Florida to defeat anti-gay initiatives on the ballot there next week. The civil rights leaders said last week that the ballot measures would restrict the rights of gay and lesbian people. “Campaigns are under way to undermine civil rights and institutionalize discrimination through referenda that will appear on ballots this Election Day in Oregon, Idaho and Alachua County,” said Mrs. King, wife of the late Martin Luther King Jr. “It is truly ironic and tragic that the rights for which Americans have fought so hard can be taken away at the ballot box,” she said. “If the basic rights of one group can be taken away at the ballot box, all groups are vulnerable,” she said in a letter distributed by the Human Rights Campaign Fund. Jackson, the head of the National Rainbow Coalition who sought the Democratic nomination for president in 1988, said radical right groups pushing the measures have tried to divide people of color over the issue of equal rights for gay people. “Let us not fall into the ‘divide and conquer’ trap of the enemies of social justice,” Jackson said. “It is telling that those who are now leading the charge on these initiatives are the very same forces that oppose the advancement of the civil rights agenda - affirmative action, majority-minority districts and economic setasides,” he said. Oregon’s Measure 13 would overturn existing local gay-rights laws and bar state and local governments from enacting specific protections for gays and lesbians in the future. It also places restrictions on how public schools teach about homosexuality and bars governments from establishing affirmative action or hiring quotas based on homosexuality. Jackson said equal protection under the law is a “God-given right, not a ‘special right.’” “We must recognize the diversity of our human family and affirm our humanity by safeguarding the legal and civil rights of all human beings,” he said. Douglas Hattaway, a spokesman for the Human Rights Campaign Fund’s Americans Against Discrimination, said the support from Jackson and Mrs. King is a big boost for gay rights. “These right-wing groups have tried to divide the African American community over gay rights issues, even though these groups have a long history of hostility toward African American groups,” Hattaway said. “This undercuts that hostility to have leading civil rights advocates coming out against these measures,” he said. MAN SHOT FOR HOLDING BOYFRIEND’S HAND SAN FRANCISCO (AP) - Just blocks from the heart of San Francisco’s Castro district, an almost mystical safe haven for gays, Victor Rohana was pinned to a wall and shot in the chest. His crime? Apparently, he was targeted because he was holding hands with his boyfriend. Civil rights advocates say the shooting is an example of the growing ferocity of attacks on gays and lesbians. “Whereas in 1992, somebody may have just yelled faggot, now they’re yelling faggot and clubbing you or raping you,” said Leslie Addison of Community United Against Violence, a victim advocate group. On October 28th, 24-year-old Victor Rohana and boyfriend Steven Damron were walking to their car after dining in a neighborhood restaurant. Just after 10 p.m., two men in a white Suzuki Samurai drove by and yelled at them. “We were gay and they didn’t like that we were holding hands,” said Damron. Rohana said something to the men before turning to catch up with his friend. The driver backed up about 100 feet to block their path, jumped the curb onto the sidewalk and pinned Rohana against a wall. The jeep’s passenger stuck a pistol out of window and shot Rohana. - “At first I thought he was okay, because he was still standing up. But then he started screaming that he’d been hit and I realized that they’d shot him,” Damron said. The bullet pierced Rohana’s lung, missing his heart by about an inch, Damron said. Rohana underwent surgery on both Saturday and Sunday. He is in satisfactory condition but remains critically injured, the hospital where he is being treated reported on Tuesday. The name of the hospital has been withheld to protect him from possible retaliation, police said. It was clearly a hate crime, a shaken Damron said Monday. “I don’t think they thought we were Italian. They thought we were gay. They clearly made a decision that they were going to shoot a gay man. They went to a lot of effort to get the car in position to shoot him point blank.” Rohana wasn’t the type to look for a fight, said a friend, Steven Underhill. “He’s very quiet and shy, certainly one of the most sweet, kind individuals I’ve ever met,” he said. Police have developed a composite sketch of the suspects, described as white males in their late teens or early 20s. Officer Sandy Bargioni of the city’s police Hate Crimes Unit spent Monday stuffing fliers and the drawing of the attacker into mailboxes near where the attack occurred San Francisco Mayor Frank Jordan has offered a $10,000 reward for information leading to the arrest and conviction of the person responsible for the shooting. “It is dismaying to think that in a city that is known for acceptance of individual freedom that this senseless act of violence still occurs,” Jordan said Monday. The shooting happened just a few blocks outside the Castro District, the center of San Francisco’s gay and lesbian community, one of the largest in the country. Last year there were 366 anti-gay attacks and incidents of harassment reported in San Francisco, said Lester Olmstead-Rose, executive director of Community United Against Violence. The group believes that only about ten percent of harassment is actually reported to police. Advocates say attacks on gays are very deliberate and premeditated. “People come in from outside the city to attack people. A group of kids get in a car in Walnut Creek and decide to drive into the Castro to get some fags. It’s not like someone’s walking down the street and sees a gay person and gets upset,” Addison said. “Maybe they just thought it was macho to shoot a gay guy,” said Damron. “They made a judgement that being gay was bad and their way of expressing that was to shoot Victor.” WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 5 NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL NEWS TOP COURT HEARS GAY COUPLE’S BID FOR SPOUSAL BENEFITS OTTAWA (AP) - The Supreme Court of Canada recently heard arguments on whether an elderly gay couple - together for 46 years - should be eligible for federal spousal pension benefits. “It’s the capstone of a lifetime of gay activism,” said 73-year-old James Egan of Courtenay, British Columbia. Egan, who began getting his pension in 1986, applied for spousal benefits for his partner, John Nesbit, 67. Spouses of pensioners can get an allowance - now a maximum of $687.88 (about $516 U.S.) a month - if they are aged 60 to 64 and the couple’s yearly income is less than $20,688 ($15,516 U.S.). Ottawa refused Egan’s request, saying the Old Age Security Act defines spouse as someone of the opposite sex. The couple lost their case in a split decision last year at the Federal Court of Appeal, but have appealed to the top court. The court, following its usual practice, was not expected to rule for several months. KIMURA NAMED CHAIRMAN OF GAY MARRIAGE STUDY COMMISSION choice. Heterosexual couples do,” she said Tuesday. Norman Chambers, director of the university’s Auxiliary Services, said the housing policy is in line with those of most schools around the country. The policy states that legally married couples residing together with or without dependent children, or single parents residing with dependent children, are eligible for University Village. Kees might have been eligible for an apartment in the Medical Plaza because that is open to married couples or roommates with or without children. But in the plaza, each adult resident must be a student, and Kees’ partner does not attend the university. University counsel Karen McCreary said the non-discrimination policy does not conflict with the housing rules. No courts have ruled that marriage requirements are unconstitutional. The couple plans to appeal to the university’s Office of Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action, said Kees. Kees now lives in West Valley City. Her daughter is in daycare at the University Village. Housing costs at University Village are comparatively low. The three bedroom apartment Kees wants is $450 a month, utilities included. “It would be very convenient,” she said. “They offer this housing to the students to save them money and time. I feel that I have the same rights as other students on campus.” Chris Ryan, president of the Utah Log Cabin Club, said many colleges and universities allow homosexual couples among their heterosexual counterparts, and, “The University of Utah has no business defining what constitutes a family.” HONOLULU (AP) - Retired Circuit Judge Shunichi Kimura has been named chairman of the 11-member commission set up by the Legislature to study proposals for legal and economic benefits for same-sex couples. The delay in naming the chairman has stalled the work of the commission, drawing some fire from at least one member. The commission was established earlier this year as a compromise in the highly-contro-versial issue of same sex marriages. The Legislature notified the state Supreme Court that Hawaii’s current laws on marriage apply only to opposite-sex couples. The commission is to recommend to next year’s Legislature changes in the law that might give same-sex couples some of the same legal benefits enjoyed by married couples. Senate President Norman Mizuguchi and House Speaker Joseph Souki on Tuesday jointly named Kimura, who is a former Hawaii County mayor and who served as a Circuit Judge on the Big Island for nearly two decades. The law said the head of the family law section of the Hawaii State Bar Association was to serve as chairman, but that person reportedly rejected the appointment. The 10 members already appointed include theologians and doctrine teachers from the American Friends Service Committee, the Roman Catholic Diocese and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, representatives of civil rights groups and legal experts. Member Reinette Cooper earlier this month complained that the delay in getting started would affect the commission’s product which is supposed to be ready for the Legislature’s convening in January. ir'tiwriM’Mi LESBIAN COUPLE DENIED FAMILY HOUSING SALT LAKE CITY (AP) - A University of Utah student with a lesbian partner and a 4-ycar-old daughter has been denied family housing at the school. The school bars discrimination based on sexual orientation, but also has a policy of renting only to married couples or to single students either living alone or having roommates who are also university students. Kathy Kees, the student, says she and her partner were married in a ceremony in July 1993 but the state docs not recognize homosexual marriages. **I can’t be legally married and that is totally based on sexual orientation. I don’t have a LAWYER ASKS HIGH COURT TO HEAR APPEAL RICHMOND (AP) - A Virginia Supreme Court ruling on whether a lesbian deserves custody of her son would clear up confusion about the state’s child custody laws, a lawyer have told the justices. “We need to know. The judges in this state need to know,” Richard Ryder, who represents the 3-year-old boy’s grandmother in her effort to keep custody, said Friday. Ryder asked the court to review a state Court of Appeals ruling that granted custody to the boy’s mother, Sharon Bottoms. The justices will issue a written ruling later. If they take the appeal, arguments would not be held for months. In a case closely watched by gay rights groups, Ms. Bottoms has been fighting with her mother, Kay Bottoms, over custody of Tyler Doustou, 2. The boy’s father is not involved in the case. The child remains with his grandmother while the appeal is pending. A court order allows Sharon Bottoms to visit her son two days a week. At the heart of the case is a 1985 Supreme Court ruling that a homosexual was an unfit parent because he broke the state’s law against sodomy. Henrico County Circuit Judge Buford M. Parsons Jr. relied on that case when he ruled in September 1993 that Kay Bottoms should have custodj emum s''"priVciKT’sexuai Tcron^^even though illegal, did not make her an unfit parent. “The Court of Appeals has by its decision changed, without benefit of the legislature, the laws of this state,” Ryder told a four-judge Supreme Court panel. Justice Barbara Keenan noted there was no evidence the boy has been harmed by seeing his mother with her live-in lover. Sharon Bottoms had testified that she and her female lover hugged and kissed in front of the boy but did not engage in sexual activity in his presence. Ryder said returning the boy to his mother would be bound to have a bad effect. “What will happen to this child when he’s 9 or 10 years old?” he asked. Lawyers for Sharon Bottoms did not present arguments because the court only hears from the attorney seeking the appeal. OUT & ABOUT BOOKS -+Ia£- oi -\\ W.A L 930 N. Mills Avenue • Orlando • (407) 896-0204 Gowns courtesy of Ritzy Rags The Bookstore That Cant Keep A Straight Face (But they make a damn fine coffee) A WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 6 HEALTH & HIV NEWS GROWTH HORMONE HELPS AIDS PATIENTS GAIN WEIGHT SAN FRANCISCO (AP) - Injecting AIDS patients with a growth hormone can reverse the “wasting” effect caused by tissue loss, a nationwide experiment found. The therapy may also help people with cancer and other diseases gain weight. AIDS patients averaged a gain of 3.6 pounds during the first three months of the two-year study, and some eventually put on 30 pounds, Dr. Morris Schambelan of the University of California at San Francisco said Thursday. “We had people who were severely wasted and in wheelchairs,” he said. “But one guy, by the summer, went up to Yellowstone and climbed a small mountain.” Unlike other weight gain therapies, use of the bioengineered growth hormone increased lean tissues such as muscles, organs and bone mass, rather than fatty tissues, Schambelan said. The average increase in lean tissue was 6.6 pounds during the first three months because many patients continued to lose some fatty tissue. Treadmill tests confirmed improved muscle performance among the subjects, said Schambelan, who coordinated the study from San Francisco General Hospital. “Having their legs being able to take them further on a treadmill suggests growth hormone might help them get around day-to-day,” said Kathleen Mulligan, a UCSF endocrinologist at San Francisco General Hospital. The improvement was so dramatic the experiment was interrupted and placebo patients were given the growth hormone, which was manufactured by Sereno Laboratories, Inc. of Norwell, Mass. The results follow previous successes in treating bum and cancer patients with growth hormones, said Jeffrey Laurence of Cornell Medical Center. He also is a consultant with the American Foundation for AIDS Research in New York. Problems with side effects have been minimal, although diabetics and people with high blood pressure may not be able to take hormones. Still unresolved is the question of whether the therapy will prolong the life of AIDS or cancer patients. “The data are very promising, and the FDA is reviewing the data with exactly that question in mind,” Schambelan said. The double blind experiment included 178 patients in hospitals and community treatment centers in several states. Results were released last week at the Third International Symposium on Nutrition and HIV-AIDS in Philadelphia. AIDS FEAR BRINGS FLORIDA SYPHILIS DECLINE TALLAHASSEE, Fla. (AP) - Rising awareness of AIDS has led to a sharp drop in syphilis in Florida, which led the nation in syphilis cases until 1990. “We can never say ‘Let’s pack up and go home,”’ said Dan George, a senior public health adviser with the Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services. Florida is now 16th in the nation in its rate of syphilis with 1,187 cases reported last year - the lowest level in 30 years. “I’ve been in the field 17 years, and I never thought we’d get a handle on it,” said Bill Drahos of the Volusia County Public Health Unit. “People weren’t listening and the rates were going up, up, up.” Like syphilis, the vims that causes AIDS can be contracted through sex. But while syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea are curable, AIDS isn’t. “When we were dealing with traditional sexually transmitted diseases, there was kind of a feeling that you could get a shot for it; you didn’t have to worry about it,” said Ed Carson, communicable disease program coordinator for Orange, Osceola, Seminole and Brevard counties. “With AIDS around, people are not so willing to take a chance,” Carson said. The state distributes about 7 million condoms through its county public health units. Apparently many are being used, said Drahos. “With HIV, it got a little scary not to.” Florida’s syphilis rate peaked in 1988 at 8,292 cases and has been decreasing ever since. Syphilis, which can lead to blindness, insanity, paralysis or heart disease if untreated, still worries public health officials. “We have to remain skeptical. If we’re ever complacent, it may come and sneak up on us again,” George said. “Syphilis is potentially very explosive if left unchecked.” YOUNG AIDS EDUCATOR PEDRO ZAMORA DYING OF AIDS IN MIAMI HOSPITAL MIAMI (AP) - Pedro Zamora, a young Cuban-American man who has left national audiences in tears as he pleaded for more-humane responses to people afflicted with AIDS, is dying of the disease in a Miami hospital. A doctor said he has a severe neurological disorder, cannot walk, speak or eat and often cannot recognize family and friends. The 22-year-old got the HIV vims that causes AIDS in 1989 when he was 17 and trying to deal emotionally with the death of his mother from cancer three years earlier. He has testified in Congress, made a TV spot for the Centers for Disease Control and appeared earlier this year on episodes of the MTV series “Real World.” Steinhart said it is impossible to say how much time Zamora has left, but he made it clear it won’t be long: “The deterioration is continuing and unrelenting.” Zamora was preparing for an interview on CBS’ morning news show on Aug. 17 when he was found wandering the streets of New York, dazed and confused. He was taken to a hospital. It was discovered that he had a neurological condition marked by an increasing inability to walk, talk or eat. Where many AIDS patients survive 10 years, the neurological condition leads to rapid deterioration, Steinhart said. After finding out five years ago that he had the HIV vims that causes AIDS, Zamora began a national lecture tour, telling school audiences how he practiced unprotected sex in high school. After being found to have full-blown AIDS when he fell ill in New York, he returned to Miami and was hospitalized. He left the Miami hospital last month, but entered again last week. The doctor said the neurological disorder is Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy, which causes dementia. Only about 5 percent of AIDS patients have PML, but it is showing up increasingly, Steinhart said. Once Zamora declared: “I’d like to say I am not afraid, but that’s not so. 1 don’t fear death itself, because death is something very natural. What I fear is the process of illness, the preamble for which we’re not prepared.” Ii the financial strains I illness... we can give pur life insurance policy. There are many reasons why people sell their life insurance policies.but your reason is the most important one! Dealing with a life-threatening illness is difficult enough without worrying about financial matters. When these concerns overtake your lifestyle and your life, turn to Life Care Resources. We provide quick, completely confidential service, with instant payment after approval, at no cost to you. Before selling your policy to just anyone - contact Life Care Resources. We are committed to paying you the highest price for your policy. Life Care Resources donates a portion of all proceeds to charities and research dedicated to providing support to the terminally ill, including AIDS, cancer, and hospices. If you have needs... Life Care Resources is there. 1-800-563-0018 dignity t/r not on/y t/n- w/kxX we do, vn- adui/ wndewU<z/nd. WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 7 AIDS NO. 1 KILLER OF SAN FRANCISCO MEN SAN FRANCISCO (AP) - Richard has seen it countless times - the anger, the sorrow, the bravery of critically ill AIDS patients. Soon, he says, he’ll know exactly how they feel. “Not everybody is courageous in the face of AIDS. Some go kicking and screaming and are horrible to everyone around them,” said the former heroin addict-turned counselor. “I’m not sure how I’m going to act.” Richard, an AIDS counselor who declined to use his last name, was diagnosed HIV positive in 1985. “So I’m panicking.” He isn’t the only one. The San Francisco health department recently announced that for the first time in any U.S. city, AIDS was the leading cause of death among men in 1992 - the first time any illness passed heart disease as the No. 1 killer. In a tragic coincidence, 1992 was the same year health officials celebrated hitting a plateau in the number of new cases. What’s even more unfortunate is that many here weren’t surprised by the numbers. “We’ve lost so many friends,” said Richard Chavez, former program coordinator for activities at the Shanti Project who is HIV positive. “It’s frightening to think that nobody is surprised by it,” Chavez said. “Maybe some people who have been hiding in the sand might say, ‘Oh, my gosh.’” Over the past few years, AIDS has been the leading cause of death among men age 25-44, but 1992 was the first time it crossed all age lines. The largest increase in deaths came in men age 35-44. In 1992, the latest year data is available, of the 8,143 total deaths in San Francisco, 1,195 men died of AIDS, while 1,094 men died of heart-related disease. In 1991, of the total 8,345 deaths, heart-related disease killed 1,189 men and AIDS kdled 1,152 men. “In traditional medicine, you go to the doctor and get better. In AIDS, you go to the doctor, you go to the doctor, you go to the doctor, you go to the doctor, you go to the doctor, you go to the doctor - and die,” Richard said. “AIDS had been inching up as the leading cause of death. ... It didn’t go from being No. 12 to one overnight,” said Mitch Katz, director of the city’s AIDS office. “Between 1981 and 1984, there were 8,000 new infections each year. Those were entirely among gay men. And now we’re seeing, 10 to 12 years later, the consequences -the high rate of death,” Katz said. While the numbers for 1993 were still being compiled, AIDS was expected to remain the leading cause of death. The death rate wasn’t likely to decrease until the late 1990s, Katz said. The health department warned that while the number of AIDS cases among gay men has decreased, AIDS could show a resurgence because of the growing number of cases among youth and intravenous drugs users. MICHAEL E. DUNN, M.D. Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine Specializing in the CARE of People with HIV Disease & AIDS 1355 Orange Avenue • Suite 5 • Winter Park, Florida 32789 Phone: (407) 645-2661 Great Selection of Herbal Teas (Tastes Great Iced) Sale prices our valid thru Sept 24 supplements on Qreen Monday (Sept. GOVERNMENT OPENS TOLL FREE LINE FOR PEOPLE WITH AIDS WASHINGTON (AP) - The federal government is opening a toll-free telephone number Monday to provide treatment information by telephone or computer to people with AIDS, their families and health care providers. The HIV-AIDS Treatment Information Service was scheduled to begin taking calls at 9 a.m. EST. The number is l-800-HIV-0440 and the hours are 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. EST Monday through Friday. The service will be staffed by health information specialists who are fluent in English and Spanish. Deaf access is included, and all calls are confidential. The service’s staff will not provide treatment advice. Staffers will, however, provide information the latest research and treatment options to physicians and patients who call. "In addition to assisting health care providers, the AIDS Treatment Information Service will help people living with H1V-AIDS extend and improve the quality of their lives by helping them make informed decisions about their health care with their providers,” said Philip L. Lee, the director of the U.S. Public Health Service. The service’s data base, which is housed at the National Library of Medicine, will be updated to include all federally approved HIV and AIDS treatment information. The data base can be accessed tree via computer. Users can call l-800-272-4787 for directions on how to access the system with their computer. NEW LAW WOULD REQUIRE HIV TEST FOR FOREIGNERS GETTING VISAS MOSCOW (AP) - The Russian parliament’s lower chamber has approved a measure that would make foreigners seeking Russian visas present proof they do not have the AIDS virus. Foreigners found to be infected with the virus while already in Russia would be deported. The law, which must also be approved by the upper chamber and the president, also would give medical authorities broad powers to conduct mandatory testing. Critics said the law would be hard to implement and would violate human rights. “That law is an attempt to create a new Iron Curtain,” said Kevin Gardner, chairman of the Moscow-based HIV Educational and Information Research Center. “Massive tests won’t stop AIDS since it’s a global epidemic.” He said the requirements for foreigners would “only succeed in creating a black market for false certificates.” Dr. Vadim Pokrovsky, head of the national anti-AIDS center, told the ITAR-Tass news agency that widespread coercive testing might provide statistical information but would not help fight the epidemic. As of the first half of 1994, more than 740 people in Russia had tested positive for the AIDS virus, according to the Interfax news agency. It said 105 had died. PAYROLL DUE? RENT DUE? LOOKING TO EXPAND? ACCOUNTS PAID LATE? We can be your cash flow solution! WE BUY BUSINESS INVOICES 24 Hour Funding • Low Rates USE ASSETS YOU ALREADY HAVE BARTLETT RESOURCE FUNDING CALL (407) 741-7747 or (407) 894-0411 BUSINESS HOURS 9 AM-7 PM MEMBER OF THE NAF.P. & THE MBA Snellen D. Fag an Attornky and Counselor at Law Family and Relationship Issues Wills, Trusts and Estates General Practice Com plim entary ONE-HALF HOUR CONSULTATION for Watermark readers (407) 425-0025 16 W. Pine Street Orlando, FL 32801 Fax Available Thinking About Real Estate? Call the Realtor who understands your perspective and can address your concerns. DENISE LEHEUP, REALTOR Coldwell Banker 170 W. Fairbanks Avenue Winter Park, Florida 32789 407.628.3199 ♦ Business 407.896.5494 ♦ Residence Expect the Best.’ Accept no Less! 900 E. WASHINGTON STREET ♦ ORLANDO, FL 32801 ♦ (407) 425-0033 Visit us for brunch, lunch, and dinner. Teddy, Papa Tony and Pablo look forward to your visit and promise you a unique dining experience. FUNERAL HOME "4901 S. Orange Avenue • Orlando' 425-2589 Providing Services For The Greater Orlando Area Since 1954 We Honor Any And All Pre-Need Plans Family Owned And Operated T5 Traditional Burials Shipping Out Of State Sam Odom, L.F.D. Elgan Stappe, F.P. DIR. ASSOCIATION OF Independent ■ "funeraC Dir of fforida Funeral Pre-Planning Cremation Manny Adams, L.F.D. James Cardinal, Owner “Let Our Family Serve Your Family” MARION BAKER From Page 1 contributing, and armed with articles and statistics, she had a knack for steering the discussion into rational channels. She was often one of the few sane voices when the discussion grew heated or overly emotional. Armistead Maupin’s Tales of the City had just been printed, and I recall several people saying that Marion was “our own Anna Madrigal.” A tall, commanding presence, Marion Baker turned heads when she entered a room. I was always struck by her no-nonsense demeanor; you could tell right away that this was a person who would listen, but who also believed in common sense and certain, uncompromised values. From the beginning, I was nagged by a question regarding Marion: Why would a heterosexual woman who wore black boots and swore a lot (her seven-year-old grandson eventually cured her of the swearing) want to give so much to the gay community? Marion and I talked just before her death, and she was happy to reminisce with me. “I was on the phone at We Care starting in 1976,” she said. “We naturally got calls from gay people needing support, or who just wanted to talk. I got to thinking...here is a whole population whose needs are not being addressed.” As I came to learn, Marion was driven by this sense of compassion and acute sense of social justice. “I would read in the newspapers every week about police entrapments and harassment going on in town. I thought, my God...gays are people too. I was outraged. This wasn’t fair at all, but nobody seemed to care. Who was worrying about you people? I wanted to start a discussion group even then, because I could tell there was a definite need for one. Of course, there were some bars, but what was lacking was a quiet place for people to meet and talk.” Courageously.. .unbelievably.. .Marion started hitting the bars to drum up interest for a group. “I put up signs and notices and slowly got to meet people. I’d go to the Parliament House and Odds & Ends, but it was tough. Nobody responded to this old lady.” Marion told me the story like a mystery writer unraveling the plot from her latest novel. “Well, one night I ran into someone who knew about a ‘secret society’ called GCS. It’s hard to imagine, but back then it was very secretive, very clandestine. Meetings were held in different people’s houses each time so that a pattern wouldn’t be established. David Slaughter and Charlie Hogan were very instrumental in getting and keeping things going back then, and it was through them that I found out about Charlie’s rap group, and about the Hotline they were developing.” One can only speculate that it was a secret for all this to have eluded Marion Baker’s notice for so long. Marion went on with her story, tired from illness, but clearly energized by the opportunity to relive these most meaningful memories. “Everybody who wanted to come to groups or meetings had to be vouched for,” she said. “Back then, most gay people were much more paranoid about losing jobs or having their families find out. Even when I started sitting in on Charlie’s rap group in 1979, it was very easy to see, to feel just how scared people were.” “Listening to the problems people had... with lovers, families, whatever... showed me what I had always instinctively known; that gay people are just like everybody else, except with almost no support.” Marion spent ten crucial years with the rap group, watching it grow from a secret society to a thriving, open forum. All the while, she continued her volunteer work at We Care. She was diagnosed with hypoglycemia in 1981, but she says, “since I had already stopped drinking and smoking, I just changed my diet and took better care of myself. I had to. There was so much to do; so much to be busy with.” In 1993, it was discovered that Marion had colon cancer. She took chemotherapy, and after the treatments her hair grew back in pure white. She decided to have pictures taken, “smiling, with my mouth wide open, just like people know me and just like I feel.” I will never forget Marion’s unwavering loyalty to the gay and lesbian community, nor the sharp retorts directed toward people who choose to see us in a negative light. Before she died, I asked her if she had anything she wanted to say to Orlando’s lesbians and gay men. Marion didn’t miss a beat. “Think the best of each other and love each other,” she said. Indeed. Simple, direct, honest words spoken straight from her heart.. .one of the many attributes of a woman I’ll always love and always be grateful to. Feisty but loving, Marion Baker was Orlando's own "Anna Madrigal." Janice and Marcia, who shared their experiences with artificial insemination in our second issue, are proud to announce the birth of their daughter, Taylor Jeanne, on October 1st. Taylor was born at 5:12 PM, weighed 7 pounds, 9 ounces, was 20-1/2 inches long, and apparently arrived with a fully developed set of vocal chords. Please join us in congratulating Janice and Marcia on this joyous occasion. Watermark's “Gayby Boom” story appeared in Volume 1, Number 2, published on September 14. “Transitions” may include memorials, remembrances, weddings, anniversaries, promotions, and other announcements. Please send submissions with photo to WATERMARK * P.0. Box 533655 • Orlando, FL 32853-3655. Announcements are free of charge. WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 9 BUSINESS n A T.T.TKTft JfcJiJfciiKv ^Mp ■ c jfk. r i> s Your Long Distance Calls Can Benefit the AIDS Quilt by Joe Saranno Phoning friends and family could not be more charitable* now that your long distance dollars can go towards increasing AIDS awareness, World Telecom Group, Inc, has generously paid production costs for two AmeriVox phonecards that will benefit the AIDS Memorial Quilt through its keeper, The NAMES Project Foundation. 100% of the proceeds from the phonecards will be contributed to The Foundation as well Gracing the front of each phonecard will be thematic works by two leading artists, David McLimans and Mary Bngelbreit, known for their past artistic contributions to The Names Project ; Foundation, McLimans’ art will be 3636 cards* each providih| $5 bf phone time — the equivalent of approximately 16 minutes of domestic long distance calling. The other phonecard, which features Engelbreit art, will be released in a limited edition issue of 1000, each with $20 of phone time—a value of about 67 minutes of calling time. Reflecting on artistry and industry, Anthony Turney, executive director of The NAMES Project Foundation explained, “Our goal has always been to educate the public about AIDS anti HIV prevention while providing a creative form of expression dedicated to the memory of those who have died from this disease. We are pleased that the wonderful art work of McLimans and Engelbreit can be portrayed on the phonecards to help achieve both of these objectives.” Town! Xkeda, President of World Telecom Group, Inc. added; “We are hopeful that these special edition AmeriVox phonecards will help in . some to iripease publiclv^bness; of the AIDS pandemic and encourage HIV prevention, as well as raise additional funds for the important work of The NAMES Project Foundation.” Ameri Vox is the top-selling brand of prepaid phonecards in the United States, providing long distance telephone service to the entire nation and 200 countries worldwide. Its owner, World Telecom Group, Inc., is a fully integrated telephone company, with its own digital central office switches, company-employed operators, and independent sales force. . Using a prepaid phonecard is on most occasions less costly than other methods of calling long distance, however they are a bit tricky to master because of the extra dialing. For instance, if you were at a hotel, you would first have to get an outside line to dial a 1*800 service number which is printed on the card. A computer generated voice will then ask you to dial your personal identification number which is 9 digits in length (alsoprinted on the card). After the computer tells you the present balance on your card, you finally get to enter the area code and number you want to reach. Ouce ; a connection has been made, the computer will quickly tell you how much time you may remain on the line. Near die card’s limit, it will also interrupt with a warning before your time expires. So with a little added dexterity, you can save money while making a valiant contribution to a most noteworthy organization. The AIDS Memorial Quilt was conceived in June of 1987, and has since grown to be recognized worldwide as a testimony to those who have died of AIDS ^ tactile media to help people understand the devastating impact Of the disease. ^Orc than 5 hnilton people have;: visited the Quilt in over l,000 displays. Through such displays and related ac-;-: rivlties, The NAMES Project Foundation has raised more than $1,400,000 for AIDS service organ!- i zations throughout North America, Prepaidphonebdrds are only ava able by writing The NAMES Project '' PoiMdatiqhTSlb Suite 310, San Francisco,C4 94/07;| Enclose a personal check or money order made payable to The NAMES Project Foundation of either $5 or $20 for each card you are . member, the phonecards are intended for renewable use. When its value depleted you can call a toll free service dumber fintM on for additional calling time with the use of a credit card. NAMES PROTECT AIDS MEMORIAL QUIIT MBA PLANS FOR ‘95 EXPO The Metropolitan Business Association (MBA) will hold their second annual Business Expo on Saturday, February 4, at the Bahia Shrine Auditorium in Maitland. Last year’s Expo (at the Maitland Civic Center) featured more than 80 exhibitors and was attended by over 1000 people. According to Dr. Sandy Fink, this year’s Expo will be larger in every respect. “The Shrine Auditorium is a beautiful facility, and we’ve moved there to accomodate more exhibitors and guests.” Exhibit space is open to non-MBA members, and is expected to sell out early. To obtain a registration form, or for more information, contact Dr. Fink at (407)299-3969. ADVERTISERS REACH OUT TO GAY CONSUMERS NEW YORK (AP) - Companies in the corporate mainstream are gradually coming out of the closet. Attracted by the enticing consumer profile of gays and lesbians, a steady parade of companies such as AT&T, American Express, Ikea and Saab have started and expanded marketing campaigns aimed at the gay community. “Our research tells us that these are affluent, well-educated, brand-loyal consumers who want high-quality products,” said Dick Martin, vice president of advertising at AT&T. Aiming at that market, AT&T mailed brochures last spring which depicted three smiling couples in affectionate poses - two men, two women, and a man and a woman. The slogan was “Let Your True Voice Be Heard.” AT&T declined through a spokeswoman to comment on the effectiveness of its direct-mail effort, but lesbian activist Susan Horowitz says it was effective. “These companies are ‘coming out’ because they see payoffs going to their competitors,” says Horowitz. “When people are choosing a long-distance carrier they’ll look at the brochure on the table and think, AT&T? MCI? AT&T because they care about me.” Other companies such as Saab, the first national auto marketer to reach out to gays, have started running their usual advertisements in gay publications. In California, a small group of investment advisors - Progressive Asset Management of Oakland - help gay investors steer their money toward companies with good track records on gay issues. All this newfound attention is welcomed by many gays and lesbians, who have historically been ignored by advertisers. “Very often we march down 5th Avenue in a protest,” Horowitz adds, “but now Madison Avenue is marching down to Greenwich Village to find us.” Other companies have directed images at the gay market that are dramatically different than their usual ads showing All-American heterosexuals. , — —-------- American Express has advertised travelers checks with the signature of two men or two women. Ikea, the home furnishings chain, ran a television spot last spring showing two men shopping for a table. While companies doing these types of commercials have conducted in-house research on the gay market, few systematic surveys have been made public. One recent study, conducted by the Westport, Conn.-based market research firm of Yankelovich Partners, gives perhaps the most precise portrait to date of gay consumers. The national survey found people who identify themselves as gay or lesbian - approximately 6 percent of the U.S. population - are twice as likely as heterosexuals to hold a graduate degree. Their income is “roughly equivalent” to that of heterosexuals, contradicting other less-accurate studies which suggest gays are more wealthy than average. Although AT&T, Ikea and American Express have used openly gay people in some advertisements, companies who want to reach these consumers do not necessarily have to include overtly gay images to be effective, says the study’s director, Rex Briggs. “Gays are a more stressed out population,” he says. “They are also more technologically savvy and are very concerned about control and security of the home.” Marketers who push those “hot buttons,” he says, will get their message across whether or not the image shows openly gay people. In addition, Briggs says inclusiveness is a powerful theme that marketers such as Ikea, which has run ads featuring gay men and single mothers, have used to unite fragmented constituencies. “You can say ‘We respect individuality’ and make no statements about age, sexual orientation, ethnicity or anything,” he says. “When you add that up, you are talking about not six percent of the population but 40 percent.” ^N subscription to (^^tCTTIW'k can put a smile on the faces of these all pear round. Q^ustfill out the subscription form on paae 26 of .this issue with the name andaddress of.the recipient, mail it with a cheek for onlp S3 S-0 °> we ^ make sure pour fft is well received. WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 10 COVER STORY PIECES OF EIGHT Antique Emporium Central Florida's Premier Antique Showcase EXCEPTIONAL ANTIQUES AND MORE FOR THE DISCRIMINATING BUYER Mon - Sat 10-6 Sun 1-5 2021 N. 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However, as the lawsuit came into focus, Woodard began to see the impact his fight could have for others in his situation. He also began to feel more comfortable as a member of the gay community. Five years ago, Woodard made a point of clarifying that he was “bisexual.” No more. “When this first began, I had no ties with the gay community. I didn’t even go to a gay bar until a year after I was fired. But now I’ve joined GLCS...I’m a changed person. I’m gay and I’m part of the gay community now.” Woodard’s saga began more than five years ago when, during an investigation into allegations that he had sexual relations with another man, Woodard admitted to Deputy Sheriff John Butler Book, Jr. that he had had a gay affair about a year-and-a-half before. Book’s report concluded that Woodard’s bisexuality could possibly compromise his position as a deputy sheriff and could bring “dishonor or disrepute to the sheriff, who holds that homosexuality is unnatural, immoral and inexcusable.” Major Buck Buchanan then gave Woodard the option of resigning or being fired. Buchanan also asked Woodard to identify other gays and lesbians in the department. While Woodard refused to name anyone else, he did submit his resignation on April 27. However, after resigning, Woodard couldn’t shake the feeling that he had been grievously, fundamentally wronged. His friends and former co-workers agreed. “I just instinctively knew that it was wrong,” Woodard said. Apparently, so did prominent Orlando attorney Bill Sheaffer, who took up Woodard’s case along with the Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund (LLDEF). With Sheaffer’s assistance, Woodard withdrew his resignation and began the legal battle to be reinstated. And the rest, as they say, is history. Legally, Woodard’s case sets a precedent against the termination of government employees solely on the basis of their sexual orientation. “This Court finds the action of the Sheriff, in constructively firing [Woodard], unconstitutional,” stated Judge Gridley. “While [Woodard] was a Deputy Sheriff, none of his actions could be construed so as to bring disrepute or dishonor on the Sheriff’s office.” While Gridley left the issue of whether gays deserve special protection from discrimination, he clearly indicated that he feels such discrimination exists: “It is the conclusion of this Court that known homosexual persons are included in a class of persons who are inherently threatened with prejudice by a large number of people in our society.” Woodard has been back to work for just over two years now. In the beginning, he was concerned about the kind of reception he would get. Gallagher was still Sheriff, and Woodard thought he might have to “watch my back at every turn.” But that was not the case. “I was received very well. No one has said a single negative thing to me.” Today, Woodard is happier than he has ever been. He feels a sense of security in his position, and justified pride in his courage to battle what he felt was an injustice. He realizes that he has cleared the way for others in the same situation to feel less intimidated. “While I don’t know of anyone else [in the department] who has come out, I’m sure my case has had an impact. There are a number of deputies who are fairly open with their peers about it. They’re not trying to hide it.” Since the ouster of Walt Gallagher as Sheriff, Woodard feels the environment for gays and lesbians has improved even more at the Sheriff’s department. “[Current Orange County Sheriff] Kevin Beary is great. He’s been real supportive through the whole thing. He has made it a “It is the conclusion of this Court that known homosexual persons are included in a class of persons who are inherently threatened with prejudice by a large number of people in our society. point to check with me,” Woodard said. Woodard indicated that the Sheriff’s office has also appointed a liaison to the gay community. He feels that if people in our community don’t know this, it’s because there is less controversy attached to the issue these days. “I won’t take credit for it. I think people in general are just becoming more tolerant and understanding,” Woodard said. As evidence, Woodard describes a recent on-duty situation involving a married couple reporting their son missing. The couple recognized him, but couldn’t place him. “When I gave the husband my card, he looked up at me and then yelled at his wife, ‘Honey...we have a celebrity in the house. This is the detective who got fired for being gay.’ Both of them told me they’d followed the case and were glad to see me back on the job.” While there arc not currently plans to actively recruit gays and lesbians into police service as is done in many large cities, Woodard is still hopeful. “I think we’ll get to that point. We’re probably not ready for that right now.” Changes are also evident in Woodard as well. “When all this started I had never been to a gay bar. Now that I’ve come out, I’ve become a lot healthier and happier.” Apparently, Woodard has lost nearly 70 pounds. He admits to a much less stressful life now. The comfort Woodard now feels came at some cost, however. He views the three-and-a-half years of limbo as a very painful time in his life, both professionally and personally. He becomes emotional when discussing the effect the lawsuit had on his family. Continued Page 11 Klan protestors at a 1989 pro-Woodard rally. WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 11 COVER STORY Woodard and altorney Bill Sheaffer: "I know I did the right thing." WOODARD From Page 10 “My bills were really backing up. I had to depend on my mom to help me get through the whole thing,” Woodard said. He also explained that coming out so publicly was a shock to his family. Woodard’s mother was the first female detective in the Polk County Sheriff's department. His dad also worked in law enforcement. “It was all new to them. No one in my family knew that I was gay * until two days before it hit the newspapers. I had to tell my mom I had been fired and then why I had. It was rough on her. There were times when she’d just sit in her office and cry,” Woodard said. “Now she’s very proud of me. My parents were great. They stood behind me the whole time, but it has taken time for them to accept fully.” He has not spoken to Walt Gallagher since his reinstatement and Gallagher’s subsequent defeat in a re-election bid. While the lawsuit may have uncovered a number of Gallagher’s weaknesses, Woodard doesn’t think that he was the sheriff’s undoing. “People have said that he made a mistake with the way he handled my situation but it was just one of many mistakes.” Woodard himself has no regrets about what he did. He offers this advice for those considering coming out at work. “Be prepared to accept yourself first.” Woodard also recommends books on coming out, including Gay Cops. “Every cop who’s gay should read it to prepare themselves for what might or might not happen.” Finally, Woodard reflects, “It was a bad time for me but it also let me learn from life. It think I’m a better person for that, and now I can accept myself. I know I did the right thing. Without a doubt.” METROPOLITAN 2nd Annual MBA Business Expo freeadmissTon Saturday, February 4, 1995 • Noon - 6pm SHRINE AUDITORIUM 2300 Pembrook Drive, Maitland (Norn* Orlando) FEATURING OVER 100 GAY and GAY-SUPPORTIVE vendors, businesses and organizations, such as: Printing & Sign Companies V Carpet Cleaning V Accounting Firms Travel Agencies V HIY/AIDS Support Groups V Realtors V Insurance Political Organizations V Florists V Book Stores V Art Gallery Financial Services V Jewelers V Special Event (Holy Union) Planners Landscaping Services V Veterinarian Services V Plus Many More! If you would like to promote your business or need additional information on the Metropolitan Business Association please call . . . (407) 896-0689 ___________• - -- TAMER & SHEA 'Specializing in Distinctive Properties of John Keith Tanner Pager 980-6334 David W. 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You are entitled to have to be financially self-sufficient and independent...to spend time with sp loved ones...and follow your dreams. At TLC Funding;confidential assistance is available 24-hours a day. And the call is toll free. Be worry free. Call today And get on with your life TLC Funding (800) 290-8171 WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 12 VIEWPOINT CROSSING THE LINE IN BOBBY SOCKS AND SNE AKERS bv James A. Creseitelli Lola O’Lay, move over.. .Leigh Shannon, step aside. I finally crossed the line; that sartorial Maginot breastplate that separates men from girls. I got into a dress and paraded myself through Orlando this Halloween. I only want to know one thing. How one remove mascara build-up the next morning? The compulsion to parade “en drague” had been building for some time. I’d done it before in a safe way.. .nun, nurse.. .but never simply as a “woman.” But the nagging desire surfaced again during a recent Miss America party. Miss Alabama won and my friend Jamie, ecstatic that the young lady from his home state ’ ad captured the crown, vowed to essay her for Halloween, with me in tow. I agonized for weeks. Did I dare look bad in the eyes of my fellow revelers? Did I dare violate one of Gaydom’s commandments: “Thou shalt not leave the house in bad drag.”? Then again, it was Halloween. There’s no absolute requirement that one be, well...pretty. I wasn’t going to perform on stage. I wasn’t trying to fool anyone, like Dustin Hoffman in Tootsie. It would simply be me...in a little outfit...and a wig...and some makeup. Simple, fun stuff. Actually, not so simple. As usual, I left everything to the last minute because I work six days a week and have no life. I needed to shop! So after closing the store on Saturday, I hotfooted it over to Thrift Co. (black hole of the fashion universe). You must go. Miles of clothes racks, all crammed full of cunning items once worn by strangers. Strangers with armpits and all sorts of other private, fungus-breeding parts. But I can control those thoughts and conquer them. And I was encouraged by the company...the camaraderie really. Incredibly, this pre-Halloween Saturday night found the store filled with guys. Guys buying heels. Guys trying on gowns. Guys searching for matching purses, hats, scarves.. .accessorizing! The checkout ladies never batted an eye. I chucked my excuse about shopping for my grandmother and fought for a changing room. Later, we met at Jamie’s where a talented friend had agreed to paint us; Jamie, me, and a friend who was going as that dear old Republican mother hen, Barbara Bush. We began the transformation. Immediate chaos ensued. Within ten minutes, Jamie’s apartment looked as if “Les Cagelles” themselves had stormed through the place, emptying shopping bags everywhere. Wigs, .. .the hair?Brunette, teased and tortured into something the might have sported on stage at the Apollo. pearls, foundation, spray net.. .God, its complicated being a woman. My inability to secure a pair of 10-1/2 heels had determined my iook. Annette Funicello, early ’60s. 1963 to be exact. Straight gray skirt, pink sweater rolled to the sleeves, bobby socks and sneakers. And the hair? Brunette, teased and tortured into something the Ronettes might have sported on stage at the Apollo. A tiara and a five-strand rope of pearls made me complete. According to our make-up expert, I was done. Perhaps overdone. I looked in the mirror and hardly recognized myself. Perfection. This was the me that had been trying to get out for weeks. But like Audrey Hepburn descending the stairs in My Fair Lady, the real test awaited. The Club was packed, and among the costumes was a full compliment of drag... good, bad, great, different, indifferent. I had a brief moment of sublime com fort... right after I realized no one was paying any attention to me, and right before I realized I wanted everyone to pay attention to me. I ran into several friends (and a few walls) and their comments were gratifying. Apparently even in bobby socks and sneakers, my Annette Funicello looked more like Connie Francis (who was much prettier in my mind). How could I not be pleased? Some acquaintances shrieked when they realized I was me. I felt like a movie star making a rare personal appearance. I had fun, and the whole evening was well worth the effort and expense. As I doffed my wig, I found rnvself thinking about those distant drag sisters who stood up for the right to be different twenty-five years ago. My experience had been liberating as well. I felt an enormous confidence. I took chances, acted differently, flirted with strangers, and even climbed on stage to dance (in character, of course...my own version of the Madison, and a mean disco Bossa Nova). I had been both stunning and bad; an effective combination I heartily recommend. It worked -1 know it did because my editor couldn’t stop laughing when he saw me. In fact, he had to grab someone to keep from falling down. Men!! WATERMARK Watermark Media, Inc. ©1994 editor / publisher Tom Dyer layout / managing editor April Gustetter account executive Keith Peterson contributing writers Michael L. Kilgore, G. K. Fowler, Harmony Brenner, Nan Schultz, Bandon Dean, Dimitri Toscas, Jim Creseitelli, Mark Lawhon, Yvonne Vassell, Ken Kundis, Rafael Gasti, Stephen De Matteis, Rosanne Sloan, Joe Sarano photographers & illustrators Alison Bechdel, Eric Orner, Russell Tucker, Jill Porter student contributors Robert Holland, Katie Messmer, Tera Kenney, Mike Williams CONTENTS of WATERMARK are protected by federal copyright law and may not be reproduced in whole or part without the permission of the publisher. Unsolicited article submissions will not be returned unless accompanied by a self-addressed, stamped envelope. Although WATERMARK is supported by many fine advertisers, we cannot accept responsibility for claims made by advertisers. Publication of the name or photograph of any person or organization in articles, advertising, or listing is WATERMARK is not to be construed as any indication of the sexual orientation of such persons or members of such organizations (unless, of course, sexual orientation is stated specifically). WATERMARK is published every second Wednesday, except the first week in January and the second week in July. Subscription rates are S35.00 (third class). The official views of WATERMARK are expressed only in editorials. Opinions offered in signed columns, letters and articles are those of the writers and do not necessarily represent the opinions of the newspaper’s owner or i management. We reserve the right to edit or reject any material submitted for publication. WATERMARK is not responsible for damages due to typographical errors, except for the cost I of replacing ads that have such errors. WATERMARK P.O. Box 533655 Orlando, FL 32853-3655 TEL 407.481.2243 FAX 407.481.2246 The fabulous, award-winning La Cunta Sisters, Mona and Davida, make their annual Halloween appearance. \& ALLEGED CAUSES AF LESBIANISM 1, Masturbation (1600s thru early 1900s) 2, Faulty nervous organization, which can also lead to dementia death (1890s) 3, Cerebral abnormalities (1890s) 4, Fear of pregnancy (1890s) 5, Female friendships (1890s) 6, Being allowed to dress like boys (1890s) 7, Being allowed to play with boys (1890s) 8, Feminism (1890s) 9, Separate schools for girls boys (1890s) 10, Women's colleges which encouraged athletics k the “masculinization” of the female mind (1900s) 11, Co-ed colleges (1900s) 12, Childhood trauma (1920s) 13, Being an only child or (he first-born (1920s) 14, Shortage of men after World War I (1920s) 15, World War I: emotional trauma caused by the separation of men women during the war k also, women taking over men’s jobs (1920s) 16, Overfunctioning adrenal gland (1930s) 17, Glandular imbalance (1950s) 18, Poor parenting (1960s) From LESBIAN LISTS by Dell Richards. Alyson Publications WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 13 VIEWPOINT GETTING IT STRAIGHT by Rosanne Sloan I am openly gay, yet I don’t shove my homosexuality in others’ faces. Fortunately, I have had the freedom to be “out” wherever I’ve been employed. Over the years, I have noticed that straight men and women react differently to my coming out at work. I spent six years mostly in the company of straight men. I was the executive vice-president of the largest family-owned chain of car stereo businesses in New Jersey. I It was as if I’d caused an earthquake. They listened politely enough, but the aftershocks were explosive. was also the only woman...and the only gay employee. During the first three months, I was propositioned every day, all day. I had no choice but to reveal that I was a homosexual. At first, the guys thought it was a ploy to prevent them from harassing me. They disregarded my declaration and demanded hat I prove it. How was I to do that? I lought that bringing my lover to the of-ice would suffice but they wanted action, he “real” thing. Then it hit me - these ma-'ho men would rather die than have sex with another man, but they’d love to be involved in a sexual tango with two lesbians, or their wives/girlfriends and a lesbian. “Once you’ve had me,” they’d say, “you’ll be a real woman.” Soon, I became a novelty, a trophy. When a new guy was hired, the boys would say, “Don’t mess with her, she’s our lesbian.” They couldn’t have me, so they made sure no other men would. Soon, their wives/ girlfriends found me to be unthreatening, and by the end of my sixth year, I had become “one of the guys.” No longer was I thought of as a gay just as Rosanne. I have worked in Florida for a year now, and have decided that straight women are odd. I’m employed at a mail house business which predominantly hires women. After coming aboard, they’d ask me about my wedding band, what my husband’s name was, what he did for a living, why we don’t have kids, dah-da-dah-da-dah. They wanted to know every detail of my personal life. I thought it was only fair (and certainly less burdensome on me) to be honest with them. So, a month after I started working there - on National Coming Out Day - I decided to tell the women I work with that I’m gay. It was as if I had caused an earthquake. They listened politely enough, but the aftershocks were explosive. Thankfully, there were some women who said it didn’t matter, but one woman felt compelled to warn, “You better not mess with me!” Others were hurt that I didn’t tell them right away. Still others were curious. It seemed as if everyone was telling me stories of a relative or a friend that was gay. One woman told me a neighbor of hers killed himself because he was gay, and did I ever feel that way? Another told me she was approached by a gay woman, and did she look like a lesbian to me? Every conversation for the next few days revolved around being gay or gays and lesbians. “How do you do it?” “Are you the man or the woman?” “Do you use a dildo?” “Don’t you miss doing it with a man?” Most of the women at work now respect my lifestyle. They see my marriage to Donna as equal to their own marriage in validity, but they think I have it better. They feel the success of my marriage is due to it being with a woman. I’ve tried to explain that it isn’t the gender but the person; still they disagree. My closest friend at work, Weezer, told me the other day, “You know, I used to be afraid of gay people - until I met you. I thought they would hit on anyone, straight or gay. And I thought if I liked someone gay, it meant I was gay, too. But knowing you has changed my mind. Gay people are cool.” She smiled and put her arm around me.. .something she couldn’t do a year ago. There are a couple of women at work who are still afraid to be close to me, afraid of what they might see in themselves, perhaps. But for the most part, the others, like Weezer, have changed their minds about gay people. Maybe they will raise their children or teach their grandchildren to be more openminded about homosexuals. Maybe, some day, there will be a Coming Out Day for straights. Let me say, a more artistic, appreciative group of people For the arts does not exist.. .They are more knowledgeable, more loving of the arts. They make the average male look stupid. M BETTE DAVIS, on gay men. ^ ••••••• < "■ • * . v - ' 'A'' TO MARK: MY WAKE-UP CALL by Ken Kundis My old college roommate, John, and I still talk on the phone on the average of once a week. Recently, during the hootin’ and hollerin’ about men or bars, movies or old friends from New Orleans, he lowered his tone meaningfully and said, “I got a card today from Rick. He wanted to let me know that Mark passed away.” Six years ago, during our senior year in college, Mark had been John’s first boyfriend. And now, at 26 years old, Mark was dead. John had spent his junior year in Paris, while I, for reasons that seem distant now, had been living in my fraternity house (Hoo Rah Rega for Alpha Tau Omega). John’s year in Paris was freeing — he came home centered, secured, evolved. In short, a fully-developed homosexual. I, too, had come a long way in that year. I had finally grown tired of the complicated facade I had been wearing for years. I had finally figured out that the roof of my parents’ house wouldn’t start crashing in on them if I went on a date vith a man. So, when senior year started, John and I ame roommates again, as we had been omore year, and dove headlong into Orleans’ gay world. While John dove farther and swam a bit faster, the ten-^ steps that I took toward coming out 'ear were some of the most important y life. . was during this heady time, as the \ x)l year began, that John met Mark. As \ )uple, they didn’t break any longevity -£)rds — six weeks at the most. But Mark, 19 at the time, was sweet and funny, someone who always seemed open to the new experience, the new viewpoint. And for two attention-seekers like my roommate and me, Mark was a good audience. For some reason, he regarded us as clever. And in his own way, he was quite clever as well. Mark and I remained friends for the rest of the year after he and John went their separate ways. After graduating from college, I returned to Orlando and essentially lost touch with Mark. About a year later, As a gay mI was becoming desensitized to seeing a familiar face waste away into a guant, barely recognizable pallor. however, John told me that Mark and his lover were moving to Orlando. Several weeks later, we ran into each other at Southern Nights and exchanged phone numbers. Over the course of the next year, I attended a dinner party or two at Mark’s house, saw his lover and him out often and on one or two occasions just called him to talk. I was glad to see that he remained the same person I had known in New Orleans: upbeat, funny, relentlessly reaffirming. Time and responsibilities intervened, however. I saw less and less of Mark and when I did see him, we had less and less to say. The things we had in common — John, New Orleans — faded further back into memory. Also as time went on, I could tell something was clearly out of place with Mark. Always trim and boyishly attractive, he suddenly seemed to be packing on weight and aging prematurely. The next time, he would be pale and drawn. Sometimes, he seemed happy to see me; other times, distracted and disinterested. One evening, I saw Mark at Southern Nights. He looked terrible. He had lost all the weight he had gained plus another twenty pounds. He seemed melancholy and removed. I went home that night and casually mentioned to John on the phone that I had seen Mark and that he didn’t “look well,” with all the proper nuance to let my friend know exactly what I meant. Strangely, however, I didn’t really feel anything about it. I was just pointing out to John what I saw as an empirical fact. As a gay man, I was becoming desensitized to seeing a familiar face waste away into a gaunt, barely recognizable pallor. What I had not seen, what prevented me from having any real emotion about it, was that I hadn’t actually seen anyone dying. To date, not one of my close friends, who are relatively scattered across the country, has told me that he is HIV positive. There are some friends of friends that I know of who are ill. And now there is Mark. But for me personally, for my day to day life, AIDS has been an abstraction. My friends and I are the children of Safe Sex. We were the “young people” that were the targets of all the AIDS education materials available in gay bars in the mid to late 1980’s. We were too young to have been sexually active during the worst of times, but were old enough to see the decimation and take it seriously. The rising rate of HIV infection among the 18-25 age group is evidence that the lack of such dramatic examples — seeing people close to one’s own age dying — can foster a certain complacency about one’s health. My age group, 26-32, was the one that largely got the message. Add to the mix the fact that my friends are generally highly informed and more health-conscious, and I have been insulated — either through luck or design — to the concrete and insidious ramifications of this epidemic. But since Mark’s passing, I’ve been thinking about it a great deal. My mind seems to be saying to me “Yes, you idiot, people are actually DYING of this.” I know its naive and perhaps even a bit flippant of me to act as though it never occurred to me that dying was the final toll AIDS exacts from people. I made the intellectual connection, of course; but perhaps the emotional one was too much for me. Now I can think of nothing else. I think my good fortune in not having loved ones dying has coddled me, created a false sense of security. Yes, I’ve done academic research on the subject. I know the biology and sociology and psychology associated with this disease. But it was never in context before. Now I see Mark, a man I’ve barely known for the past three years as this fragile bellwether; my first example in flesh and bone of the horrifying impact this disease has had on our community. And now I feel like I know nothing. No book or academic paper can possibly relate what this disease is really doing. After presenting myself as an expert on the subject now for years, I can’t even pretend to know or understand anything. I can just stand here and watch. And I can also yell as long and as loud as I possibly can. I can communicate to as many people as possible using whatever skills I may have. I can work against the kind of complacency I’ve been floating through. And it won’t be for Mark, and it won’t be for my friends. It will be for me. It’s long overdue to get angry. And it’s long overdue to get involved. I’m sorry, I just got my wake-up call. WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 14 fill noon SALOON ;A C\ay merican Soutkem Style Saloon Open Dancing Wednesday -Friday - SaWday & Sunday Country 8 Weston Dance Lessons w/ Terni & jfetvy and DjJ jAIan £11 is Wednesday 8-11 SaWdays 8:30 - 10:30 Drink Specials Nightly •Happy Houe 12PM - 8PM Open Daily 12PM - 2.AM 500 No. Orange Blossom Trail Orlando, FI (407) 640-8725 Lighted 8 Secured Parking Available Acrossed the Street COLDUietL BANKER □ Residential Real Estate Inc. (800) 598-5060 (407) 325-2218 Felix Power --------Kirby Smith Road On 3+ Lake front acres facing south. This unique 3 level Chalet is wrapped in screened & open porches. Living space is well planned for leisure & private rooms. Garage parking for 6 cars, sea wall, boat ramp, dock & boat house. Owner 2nd Possible!!! $275,000 Mayfair Circle---------------- Quaint bungalow beautifully maintained and updated for the busy young family or anyone looking for hassle free living. Lake Como Elementary, Howard Middle, and Boone High School. This home is underpriced to sell at $89,900 Sawmill Boulevard-------------- Gorgeous tropical poo! and tub highlight this beautiful, young home “In the Country." Split plan, vaulted ceilings, 2 car garage, screened porch, and a country sized yard make this a perfect addition to your family, Easy access, great location. $96,000 Connie Lancaster Sales Consultant Serving The Needs Of Our Community For Over Twelve Years Glauser Mercedes Benz 6828 S. Tamiami Trail • Sarasota, Florida (813) 923-3441 Starting at $30,950, the new C-Class keeps the Mercedes promise: to build the best cars in the world. All-Star Award Automobile Magazine Best of What’s New Popular Science Magazine Car of the Year Award The Robb Report Magazine 1995 Mercedes-Benz C-Class Awards North American Car of the Year An independent panel of 45 automotive journalist Best Import Luxury Car Motorweek Best Overall Value Intellichoice Complete Car Cost Guide Canadian Car of the Year A panel of 54 Canadian automotive journalist Top New Car in the $25,000-$30,000 Category The American Automobile Association (AAA) WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 17 OUR CULTURE ^ ..... .... ...>-•%?# ' ION) MYlCSU.lt,CHAPTER17: Joni Mitchell’s 17th release in her 26 year recording career is “Turbulent Indigo,” another treasure from rock’s premier female singer-songwriter. Through her catalog of work, Joni has defined the most complete, fleshed out female character to appear in our contemporary culture. While it has long been assumed that much of her work is semi-autobiographical, Mitchell has taken us on a magical journey through her music and introspective lyrics. Long time fans have followed her through each gorgeous phase of her career: the nostalgic reminiscences of late ‘50s rural Canada; the idealistic and naive dreams of a ‘60s flower child; the willful self-indulgence of the mc-generation ‘70s; her growing maturity amid the rage and turbulence of the ‘80s; and now, not so comfortably settled into middle-age. The specifics of this fascinating musical self-portrait may seem insignificant to some, but her legion of loyal fans feel connected to her in an almost mystical way. For us fans, “Turbulent Indigo” touches the spirit. “Indigo” is less a departure in style for Mitchell than a balance of all that has worked in the past. A definite highlight is “How do you Stop?” featuring backup vocals by Seal. The CD jacket features several Mitchell paintings, including a Van Gogh-inspired self-portrait on the cover. This long-awaited release is yet another delicious chapter in Joni’s musical saga. For those less familiar with her work, it is accessible, enjoyable music. A MONSTER TOR R.C.M . :Long before there was grunge, there was R.E.M. Back in the early ‘80s when this band was unknown beyond college radio, R.E.M. produced at least one release per year, and backed each release with endless touring. In the late ‘80s and early ‘90s, R.E.M. released “Out of Time” and “Automatic for the People,” achieving multi-platinum sales and numerous Grammy nominations. However, the band was criticised for “selling-out” as their popular and more polished sound seemed to stray further and further from their Athens, Georgia roots. As if this wasn’t enough to alienate die-hard fans, the band ceased touring. With the release of “Monster,” R.E.M. boldly returns to their pure sound Michael Stipe’s vocals are again pushed back into the music, and the band’s “edge” is back. Even better news: a tour is eminent. The first radio release, “ What’s the Frequency, Kenneth?” is in my not so humble opinion the best and most exciting single of the year. The unusual title stems from something that happened to newsman Dan Rather a few years back. For no apparent reason, Rather was attacked on the streets of New York. His attacker kept repeating the phrase “What’s the Frequency, Kenneth?” The phrase caught on, as things do, and within days of the attack began showing up on t-shirts and the like. "Monster” is excellent. Long time fans will rejoice, newer fans will be led back to the wonderful, if sometimes uneven, early work of one of today’s best bands. BUG. Halloween is my absolute least favorite holiday. Nevertheless, I broke down and attended Universal Studio’s Halloween Horror Nights the weekend before Halloween. I’ll be the first to admit it, we all had a blast; the haunted houses, “Hell’s Kitchen,” “Dungeon of Terror,” “Psycho Path Maze,” and "The Boncyard” all brought lots of screams. The live action show "Bill & Ted Meet TimcCop” was also great fun. The fact that it was drizzling and damp the night we went only added to the spirit of the night. Universal had loads of street activities and should be applauded for keeping the park dark enough to maintain the "spookiness” of the event. If you haven’t been yet, make sure you don’t miss it next year! HCUyilJOlIl} INSIDER : From reliable industry sources comes the word that Neil Jordans Interview With the Vampire, although visually beautiful, is excessively violent and somewhat disappointing. The vampires appear bored and spend far too much time whining about how un-intcrcsting it is to be un-dead. When the characters in a movie are this bored, the audience follows suit. The good news is that Tom Cruise, although not quite the Lcstat conjured by Anne Rice’s vampire chronicles, is effective in his role; a performance full of sarcasm and bite (pun intended). My source tells me that Oscar potential (if any) will favor newcomer Kirsten Dunst as Claudia (the vampire woman trapped in a child’s body), as well as costumes, cinematography, and set design. Dykes To UJatch Out For HAPPY HOLIDAYS! ♦ Gift Certificates For All Occasions ♦ Extended Holiday Hours ♦ Relax Through The Holidays pMC s 6 <?0 & Associates P R O F E S/ S| _ LICENSED MASSAGE TH 896-4827 $5 COUPON FOR ANY MASSAGE VISIT NO OTHER OFFERS. EXPIRES 4/30/95 vrmass with Special Guests N0V.29TH 7:30PWI BUY TIX AT GAYFERS, SPEC’S, SOUND WAREHOUSE, & INFINITE MUSHROOM OR CALL (407)839-3900 Produced by FANTASMA TASTE THE FUTURE OF DRAFT BEER thank yoU, Julian, for THAr fascinat/ng, oh, TRA/'WEyiMl VEKSIOK) of the OtW; legend, hOEDI PAL Co/MPIEX fHANKS ALSoTo MlKOTAKAGl AMO PElRDRE TRivELftECE EoR SHARING rum WORK W/Th US TONIGHT, AND TO OUR AJL INTERPRETER , To PALMER . and Thanks to au of you For coming our to support OUR Local AJTHoRS, AND MAKING This FiRsi EVENT In OUR "MAOWIMMlsi READ’ SERIPj A SUCCESS. PLEASE STICK AROUND Fod REFRESHMENT?, AND COME BACK AGAIN NEXT MONTH. EXCUSE ME. I Mr NEED To SAY X WA5REAUY SHOCKED THAT YOU LET A MAM READ HERE TONIGHT. MEN HAVE ACCESS TO THE WHOLE WORLD. WHY Should WE SHARE oUR, MEAGER RESOURCES WTnTHEM? MAIM, HE5 A LESBIAN. I MEAV, SHE'S A LESBIAN. AND SECOND, I VANT THIS SERIES To BE INCLUSIVE, AND NOT SoKE private Club, i mean, who ami id ques-t/oni Someone Else > I dent ry? mmm EXCUSE ME, MO. I'm MTi THE ARTS EPIT5R. ATTHE TEN PERCENT TRIBUNE . great event you put togrthe I Listen, we’re looking for a new poor] reviewer, and r wonder if you'o BE Ar All INTERESTED? m So, r know you're PRO&A&U kEAUy Busy AND ALL, Bur WOOLD you MAYBEUKB TO Do SOMETHING Sometime? uke, i OONNO. A MOVIE ? , HERE you GO. CHECK omthese recipes for. .meat, EGG, and DAIRY FREE Hors p'oeuvret THE PICKLEDTOEU cheese is My PAR lTICVLAR- favorite . I WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 18 ARTFUL LIVING EAT WI RO by Rosanne Sloan Thornton Park Cafe 900 E. Washington St. - Orlando 425-0033 With its outdoor courtyard just blocks from Lake Eola, the “new” Thornton Park Cafe has great food, great ambience, and a decidedly gay-friendly atmosphere. I first visited the Cafe under its former owners and it was wonderful. However, I remembered the delightful outdoor courtyard more than the food. That won’t likely be the fare with the new Cafe. Which is not to say that Thornton Park Cafe hasn’t retained its unique charm. New owners Tony and Teddy Costa have brought the fountain to life and spruced up the outside with beautiful plants. The Cafe remains one of the few Orlando restaurants where one can dine comfortably, even elegantly, outside. Inside, photos from Italy have replaced more daring modem art, but this is for a reason. In its new incarnation, the Cafe is the quintessential Italian restaurant, complete with attentive owner chef “Papa” Tony visiting your table to personally ensure that your food is to your liking. Although Tony is from Naples in Southern Italy, the Cafe has a decidedly Northern Italian flavor. Floridians may find the lighter, whiter creams more pleasing than the traditional Marinara sauces. Add to the mix a Latin texture (contributed by Pablo Felix, another chef and part-owner), and the result is a cultural delight to the palate. Fresh bread teased our tastebuds, but what really grabbed us was the day’s special appetizer: hearts of palm sauteed in a raspberry balsamic vinegar dressing. Donna and I usually share an appetizer, but to my surprise she also ordered something... mozarella and tomatoes with olive oil, garlic and fresh basil. I’d like to know where Papa Tony gets his tomatoes, because we hadn’t had such a succulent tomato since our last trip north. The menu didn’t make choosing dinner easy. Thornton Park Cafe offers six pastas, four seafood, and four poultry and meat en- trees. Our knowledgeable and charming server, Len, sealed our choice by describing the specials for the day. I had Triangoli A1 Fungli, a triangle ravioli stuffed with mushrooms and sauteed in a mushroom and garlic cream sauce. A descendant of Naples myself, I enjoy comparing sauces. Mine was delicious; even better reheated the next day for lunch. Donna was torn between the Brook Trout and New York Strip, but Len talked her into fish. Although usually served whole, Papa Tony filleted the trout for Donna so that she wouldn’t have fish eyes staring back at her. The trout was marinated in garlic, olive oil and wild mint, then basted with Balsamic vinegar. Donna found it light and tasty, but not remarkable. She’s anxious to return and see what Papa Tony does with steak. The Cafe’s grand finale is its homemade desserts, prepared daily by “Mama” Teddy Costa. We chose Bread Pudding and Chocolate Mousse (my first time). The mousse had a hint of orange, and was smooth. Donna was talked into the pudding by Papa Tony. It was served warm, with a touch of honey and raisins, covered with a vanilla custard sauce. Donna loved it. The Thornton Park Cafe is very gay-friendly.. .a place you’re likely to encounter friends...and the waiters are gay and cute. Another change at the Cafe is Fred, the guitar player who performed during the evening. (NOTE; For the next 6 weeks, jazz stylist Juanita Marie will perform at the Cafe during Sunday Brunch from 10 AM to I PM.) At one point in the evening, Papa Tony stopped to serenade us all with “O Solo Mio.” With gentle breezes blowing, I felt as if we were on the Island of Capri. We were charmed, and happy to become acquainted with the “new” Thornton Park Cafe. Rating: ****/GGl/2 ROSEY’S ***** Excellent /'t p /T . vrUlr IPs a Gay World Very Good GG Relax and enjoy RATING *** Good G You’re on your own SYSTEM ** '* Fair Poor Tony and Teddy Costa and Pablo Felix at the Thornton Park Cafe. The Cafe accepts Visa/Mastercard/American Express and is open for lunch and dinner every day (Tue-Thur 'til 1OPM; Fri-Sat 'til 11 PM; Sun 'til 9 PM), and for breakfast on weekends. WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 19 ARTFIJI m/mn Dearest Readers, I’m still reeling over the Halloween Hoo-Doo in O’Town last week. Your idol managed to hit all the hot spots in town (even a few outside my domain), and I must say, the creative juices were flowing...all over the place. I suspect some girls were creatively “juiced” as well; the only explanation I can think of for some of the outfits I was forced to critique. For those fans who weren’t witness, drag was elevated to a new low in Orlando this Hallow’s Eve. And the rude manners of these fair-weathered frock wearers! When did a big dress and a big wig become a license to kill? My first stop was the hysteric Club at Firestone, where Mickey Rat had taken over Fairyland and all hell had broken loose. Uncle Walt’s frozen remains were even encased in a fridge along with some Hungry Man Dinners. H.R.S. is still investigating the Small World Shooting Gallery. The ambience was very Wally World. Long lines, sweaty multi-nationals, and a screaming audience clamoring for more drinks, more air, and more time (and they got an hour’s worth at 2 AM). The costume contest resembled a Mr. Universe Pose-off, as a parade of beauties clamored for attention from wild-eyed throngs. Darlings, I know it all too well; that treacherous catwalk to stardom...in this case, all for a thousand dollar prize. Not a bad price, if you’re going to whore. There were so many “Absolutely Appalling” Patsy and Edina duos that I can no longer watch my favorite show without losing my lunch. Also expected were the two or three thousand Priscilla, Queen of the Pansticks. Now there are some Drag role models, from the most wonderful Drag film of our day. I sweat at the thought of Americanized versions showing up on my cable TV: Tom Arnold and Michael J. Fox in the cross-dresser, cross-over hit, Druscilla, Queer in a Dresser. Phew! I am sweaty. Let me climb down off my hot rollers and get back on track. Where was I? Oh, yes, the battle of the scary-boos! The Mouse House was dementedly well-represented at The Club, with a paunchy Peter Pan, a Tink who needed a tuck, a Cinderella direct from the Home for Battered Princesses, a carload of spotty dogs with Queen Bitch Cruella DeVille, and that cheese-eating-nympho-from-hell...Minnie. Is nothing sacred? Not at this twisted tea party. The Best Costume winner was a barnyard treat-and-trick who left the crowd with a “not so fresh feeling.” I laughed, I cried, I became a complete woman, I passed out at 4 AM with the vision of sated sheep jumping over my bed. It was Fright Night II at Southern Nights, where Hollow-weenies ran amok in “Transy-Vania.” Truck drivers in drag, freaks in frocks, beauties as beasts...it was the Voyage of the Damned! Debriefed and de-dragged, your Lola watched an endless parade of thrift-store Thelmas get down. One word of advice to all you Long Island Iced Tea Lolitas: more powder, less cocktails. There’s nothing pretty about watching a gal’s face sliding off into her glass, or stepping into the women’s sandbox only to find some sister fishing an eyelash out of the toilet. Pretty! Please, girls, take a firm hold of that remaining scintilla of pride and limit yourself to twenty or so cocktails. Oh, I almost forgot my friends at Twirl. Hostess Cindy dished out a delicious assortment of twisted twinkies in various states of “trans-ition.” It was Three's Company goes Dukes of Hazard, with Carmella twirling, Danielle tantalizing, and the crowd putting their chocolate in my peanut butter. When someone screamed for “Please Mr., Please, Don’t Play B-17,” it was time to dash and hurl. As I look back on this past All Hallow’s Eve, the images (and the stains) linger: the smell of Tinkerbell’s cigar; the flawless syncopation of the Winter Park Rockettes; Divine Dan; Steak-N-Streaks a la Lakeland; Brassy Grassy; Skye Madrasses; Fresh Baked Minnie, and all the other fabulous creatures who dropped their drawers and donned a dress. /> - Color me gone, Confidential to M.J. “Pink Rabbit? STREAM ▼ Watermark's, ad guy Keith Peterson attended a reception for Olympia Dukakis at Rollins College a couple weeks ago. When introduced, Ms. Dukakis asked Keith if he was a student.. .apparently she has heard that Rollins has a substantial adult education program...and he said that, no, he worked for a newspaper serving Orlando’s gay and lesbian community. Not missing a beat, Ms. Dukakis pulled back in mock surprise and said, “Orlando has a gay and lesbian community? This seems like such a conservative place!” Ms. Dukakis played transexual earth mother Anna Madrigal in Armistead Maupin’s Tales of the City on PBS. ▼ What about those campaign mailers from the new queens of negative campaigning, Fran Pisnone and Linda Chapin? This is the battle of the bad photographs! Apparently each camp has searched old files dilligently for their opponent’s worst-alltime-photo. In her mailings, Ms. Chapin found a photo that makes Ms. Pignone look like Bella Abzug, and has used a photo of herself that is positively Florence Henderson. We will rise above this negative stuff. For the record, both are attractive women. ▼ We hate it when we’re enjoying a movie and some self-professed Leonard Maltin begins audibly critiquing it. We saw Priscilla at Enzian recently, ducked in the bathroom, and had to endure a Siskel-Ebert review team standing at adjoining stalls. “It might be amusing if it weren’t so unrealistic.” “I know.. .losers like them would never be able to afford those costumes.” Please. ▼ There have been a number of sex surveys lately that try to determine who’s gay and who’s not. They tend to subdivide sexual desire, e.g. from The Advocate, homosexual desire only; desire and behavior; behavior only; desire and self-identification; desire, behavior and self-identification. This is all unnecessarily complicated. The surveys should ask, “What do you think about when you masturbate?” If it’s someone of the same sex, the person is gay. ‘Nuff said. T Word has it the LCN campout at the end of October was a big success and a lot of fun. Do lesbians celebrate Halloween? Anyway, one camper tells of overhearing a pair of teenage girls camping across the lake with their families: “Isn’t it weird that all those women are camping together?” “Really...and that they all have such weird haircuts?” Adam & Steve bY £rvZc/ CJrvrJV-v ... WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 20 ARTFUL LIVING ADVICE-O Dear Advice-O-Rama, My companion of 15 years and I have a good, solid relationship. We’ve gotten over the major rough spots, purchased a house in the suburbs, and we share a nice, comfortable life together. I guess it goes without saying that our sex life is not as exciting as it once was. This doesn’t bother me a whole lot, but my partner has a need for “sex as adventure,” so we’ve begun doing three-ways. To my surprise we’ve had no difficulty finding guys to join us. Here’s the problem...I’m more or less participating because if I don’t I’m afraid my partner, who I love very much, will do it without me. Should I hang in there? Signed, Feeling Insecure Dear Insecure, Whether to have a monogamous or an open relationship is a critical issue for many gay couples. When partners are not in agreement, a major issue must be confronted. To begin, it is best to remember that neither monogamy nor open relationships are for everyone. Also, the desire to go outside the relationship for sex is not always the result of an unsatisfactory sex life. Sometimes it is a manifestation of other couple issues. The fact that you describe your relation- ship as “good” and “solid” tells me that you and your partner have likely built a good foundation; one that should allow for open, honest communication. Since you are made uncomfortable and insecure by three-way sexual experiences, it is your obligation to yourself and to the relationship to tell your partner exactly how you feel. A sexual experience should be enjoyable and positive, and not a breeding ground for hostility and insecurity. If your partner sincerely cares, he will not force you to experience something that is unhealthy for you. And if you choose to participate only to mollify your partner and protect the relationship, the reverse will happen; he will lose respect for you, and the re- lationship will be compromised. It is certainly possible for couples to find romance and sexual pleasure that has been lost. However, both partners must be committed to this process. Tell your partner how you feel. Be honest, and encourage him to do the same. I suspect this is more painful for you than you’re revealing. Please write back and let me know what happens. Watermark ‘s Advice-O-Rama counselor is Keith Baber, M.Ed.. Keith has a degree in Counseling-Psychology, and is in private practice in Altamonte Springs. He can be reached at (407) 834-3279. SB EAUTY and the Feast! For Thanksgiving, November 24 The FTD Autumn Harvest™ Bouquet Send this "feast for the eyes" to family and friends — across the city or the country! cKtsgtmmee ^o/tist Kissimmee 846-4113 Orlando 828-8005 Buena Ventura Lakes 348-4033 ® A Registered Trademark of Florists' Ttansworld Delivery Assn, tm a Trademark of Florists' TTansworld Delivery Assn. © 1994 F.T.D.A. C * TRANSITS & ^ fcUNATIONS * By oifM LfluiHon, mflffl Mark Lawhon is certified by the American Federation of Astrologers, and is available for consultations by calling 407-894-1506. ARIES (Mar 21-Apr 19): The next six months will test you.. .a drag or a challenge, depending on your point of view. You’ll see unfinished business wrapped up, but use care with assets recently acquired. Watch for job opportunities, but they won’t fall into your lap. Good news...you and your partner will stop bitching at each other. TAURUS (Apr 20-May 20): The Lunar eclipse on Nov. 18 will impact you, and Venus is still retrograde. With little effort, you can make things happen in the area of romance. Play it cagy until Nov. 24, then feel free to let that love object know exactly how you feel. GEMINI (May 21-Jun 20): Fate appears to be working against you. Try to figure out whether the source of your difficulties is internal or elsewhere...possibly work-related. But your emotions are peaking whether you realize it or not. Let go of what you can to avoid health-related consequences. CANCER (Jun 21-Jul 22): You are ruled by the Moon, Cancerians, so the eclipse on the 18th will getcha. But put on your rose-colored glasses, cause aspects are favorable. Dates will lead to romance; romance will lead to pairing. Monitor investments carefully, however. LEO (Jul 23-Aug 22): Work-related matters have become clearer for you. Now trust your instincts and act to improve your situation...even if it means relocating. Family irritations may continue, but don’t make the situation worse by losing your temper. VIRGO (Aug 23-Sep 22): Your obsessive-compulsive nature has returned from a brief vacation. You are likely making meticulous future plans. If these plans involve relationship changes, let’s hope your partner shares your logical outlook. Take a trip near the water to work things out. LIBRA (Sep 23-Oct 23): The eclipse on Nov. 18 may bring money your way, possibly from family, but don’t be surprised if it comes with some major strings attached. You’re a sensitive soul and the next six months may be stressful for you. If it’s affecting you physically, pull back and make necessary attitude and lifestyle adjustments. SCORPIO (Oct 24-Nov 21): You Scorpios aren’t much for self-revelation, but communications between you and your partner have reached a new low. Open up. Share your secrets. Talk about how you really feel. You have far more to gain than to lose. As painful as it may be, honest self-evalution and communication will be important in coming months. SAGITTARIUS (Nov 22-Dee 21): If work seems good these days, don’t get too comfortable, particularly if you’re in a service-related job. Take nothing for granted. You might consider visiting home sometime soon; you and your parents should get along well. In fact, luck is on your side these days, but as hard as it may be for you Sag’s, try to stay grounded. CAPRICORN (Dec 22-Jan 19): Lunar eclipse + Jupiter/Pluto conjunction...what does it mean for you? Fun and romance. Unlike your Sag sisters, you need to fight off those tendencies to be cautious, rational, selfless. Things are aligned nicely for you, so let go and have a ball. AQUARIUS (Jan 20-Febl8): The eclipse provides you with opportunities to resolvd nagging problems. Be honest and true to your values, and hope that your communications are perceived positively. Be prepared for a surprise, as dreaded outcomes may never materialize. If you’re planning to move, you may want to time it for early Spring. PISCES (Feb 19-Mar 20): Accelarate your social calender, because you’re likely to derive a great deal of pleasure from friends and groups in coming months. Just remember, it’s flu season. Get a vaccine and try to avoid those who are contagious. Also avoid written commitments unless you’re absolutely sure what they mean. WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 21 TRAVEL NnilTIVFACT GETAWAY ly Stephen De Matt Now’s the Time to Visit New York, Boston ^ v ^ and New England There comes a time in everyone's life when you have to just pack your bags and get out of town. If that time for you i$ near or now, then here are several suggestions that might help, Tor the Northeacst transplants,, this time of year brings back fond memories of Autumn festivals and apple picking. This is a great time to visit the Northeast ~~ the summer heat is gone and the snow hasn’t started yet. Let the old song call you to "Autumn in New York." The sights and sounds of Greenwich Village are crisp in the fall atr. If you want a "gay" place to stay, the Chelsea Fines Inn on West 14th street is warm and friendly and convenient to everything. They also give you a great continental breakfast every day. New York has more to offer than you can possibly fit into a long weekend, but do yourself a favor and find time for dinner at Christopher’s (right on Christopher Street at number 115,0 The food is great, the service is enteitaining and the laid-back atmosphere makes for a rC- or : After dinner, take die short walk up Christopher Street to Seventh Avenue South and the Monster - the Grand Dame of Sheridan Square. The Monster is a fun bar where everyone meets to plan their evening. The downstairs bar is crowded anti noisy, but upstairs is a piano bar where show tunes are play ed and sung by Broadway’s own. And if: it’s a Broadway or off-B road way show you want to see, don’t forget the half-price TKT’s booth on Broadway and 46lh street. You can get day-of-performance tickets for shows with space available at half-price plus a service charge of $2.00 per ticket. It’s worth the wait in line if you can get the show you want. The list of shows available is posted along the front of the TKT’s booth. They don’t tell you how many tickets they have for each show and you may wait in line for a show that sells out to the person just before you, so have a second choice ready just in case. While in New York, vviiy not rent a car and lake a drive up the Palisades Parkway to Bear Mountain and see the great fall foliage? The colors are incredible. At the end of the Palisades Parkway is the Bear Mountain Inn - a great place for brunch (and you won’t be the lone gay traveler in this traditional tourist stop). If you don’t want to leave the city for Sunday brunch, consider Tavern on the Green In Central Park. Located right in Central Park, this glass-walled restaurant and its fall foliage overhead is a wonderful experience. New York is not the only Northeast getaway .. .Boston also beckons. Both the Chandler Inn and tJie Back Bay’s Oasis Guest House offer excellent accommodations for the gay traveler. There are also two bed <Y break Lee spots for women. The Iris and the Victorian are just outside of Boston with easy access to town. 1 also suggest the Marriott Long Wharf at the end of the Fanial Hall marketplace. While not gay •cxcln-■’ ■ -s Can us location and service arc lirst rate. And catch the boat at the side of the Long; Wharf to Provincetown - the Northeast’s answer to Key West. The bars and clubs in Boston offer everything from the refined elegance of the Back Bay and Napoleon’s Club ( 52 Piedmont St.) to the cute college crowd at Buddies (51 Stewart St.) to the men of leather at either the Eagle (52QTremont St.) or the Ramrod (1254 BoyIston St.). Women are welcome everywhere, but Indigo’s (823 Main St.) is the "women's bar” in Cambridge. If you’re lucky enough to get tickets, the out-of-town Broadway tryouts make Boston a good theater possibility, and concerts and cabaret are plentiful. Shopping? Filings Basement will be the shopping experience of a lifetime. We’re talking markdown designer clothes to make your heart flutter. For the “guppy” shopper, there’s the Harvard Cooperative in Cambridge. The “Coop” has the best in college preppie wear and is also the Harvard bookstore. ,The VafiAYtioners Club _ ^ -. 11 ......—.....—....—-■■■■.... ^ Where your travel plans, your travel dollar and your lifestyle are respected Costa Rica With air -from Orlando 7 nights at Colours $ S96.pp/dbl occupancy 407 8SI 563B Gay London with air on Virgin Atlantic from Orlando 6 nts hotel. Cofit 1 bkfast High tea. Sunset Boulevard and Heaven all from only $l,009.pp/dbl occupancy In the MetroWesft Area call Andrew - 247 9038 In Apopka/Altamonte call Mark - 672 6702 or Fax our office at 2963 Cactus Club 300 N. Mills Ave. Orlando 407-894-3041 Happyl XXOXX.T 2 for 1 3 pm to 8 pm 7 Days A Week > > l1 ue$day$ T* riday$ Saturday 2 for 1 All Nite Social Hour Complimentary Buffet 2 for 1 until 8 pm 2 for 1 11 pm to 1 am 4k Sw wj!> oy mcc 2351 S. Ferncreek Avenue Auction - 7:30 p.m. Key West Getaways, Entertainment, Dinners, Antiques, Services, Art, Printing, Household Goods. A Festival of gifts and goods for the discriminating bidder. Come on by for fun and bargains at a truly unprofessional Auction. No admittance, just bring your friends and enjoy. Taste a gourmet’s delight of desserts and Holiday nibbles handcrafted specially for you by Joy MCC’s finest chefs. Sample the array of delicacies before, during or at the Auction intermission Just $5.00 A Benefit for the Ministries of Joy MCC 2351 S. Ferncreek Avenue, Orlando - 894-1081 H WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 22 OUR CULTURE The English duo of Tracey % Thorn and Ben Watt, known * as “Everything But The Girl,” I will perform at The Club at I Firestone on Friday, Nov. 18. ■ EBTG is returning to the U.S. after a string of sold-out shows earlier this fall. This time around, EBTG will perform as an acoustic duo. After 12 years and 8 albums, EBTG’s latest release, Amplified Heart, has garnered them the best reviews of their distinguished career. stated that “Thom’s voice has an instant sadness, a classicism that relates more to old-school divas like Dusty Springfield and Dionne Warwick than peers like Liz ot The Club. Phair.” They went on to call Amplified Heart, “the most beautifully mature album of their career, and one of the sleeper gems of 1994.” The New York Times said the duo recalls “the best of Fleetwood Mac.” Tickets are available at Tracey Thorn & Ben Waft Ticketmaster or at The Club box office. OCAL ▼ “Florida’s Freshest Fruit,” The Improbabilities, have taken Manhattan as their new home...the Manhattan South Studio Theatre that is, 1012 N. Mills Ave. Shows are every Sunday night at 8 PM. Tickets are just $5. Call (407) 521-7499 for more info. T The CMC Theatre Off Central Florida SecondStage series presents El Grande De Coca-Cola through Nov. 20, with performances Thursday through Saturday at 8 PM, and Sunday at 2:30 PM. See review p. 16. The Mainstage production of William Gibson’s acclaimed The Miracle Worker, will begin Nov. 10 and run through Dec. 4. This stirring dramatization of the real-life story of Helen Keller is one of the most warmly admired plays of the modem stage. The Theatre for Young People will present Charles Dickens’ classic holiday tale, A Christmas Carol, from Nov. 26 to Dec. 18. The cast includes Paul Wegman as Scrooge, and Frank McClain as Bob Cratchit. For ticket information on all performances, call (407) 896-7365. ▼ Lesbian singer Laura Chandler will be in concert at The Junkyard in Casselberry on Thursday, Nov. 10. Although influenced by such artists as Joni Mitchell, Ricky Lee Jones, and John Hiatt, Chandler’s musical style is uniquely her own. Well known on the west coast, Chandler has released two tapes, including her most recent Confession of an Unarmed Poet. She is preparing to release her first CD. Chandler recently performed at the Gay Games and the Atlanta Pride Festival. Her performance at the Junkyard begins at 9:30 PM. Tickets are $3. Contact The Junkyard for more information. ▼ The Valencia Character Company will perform Pterodactyls on Nov. 12,13, 18,19,20. Pterodactyls is a dark comedy about the demise of a dysfunctional family, including a son who is HIV+. A portion of the proceeds from tickets will go to the AIDS Resouce Alliance. Performances begin at 8 PM; 2 PM on Sunday. Tickets are $6 for adults; $5 for students. For more information call (407) 275-1603. y Theatre K)CE presents The Wake off Jamey Foster Nov. 17, 18, 19, 20, and Dec. 1,2,3, 4. Written by LAURA CHANDLER Beth Henley, Jamey Foster is a richly comic study of a smalltown Mississippi family drawn together by supposed grief. Call (407) 823-1500 for tickets or more information. y Joy MCC will hold a Gayla Auction at 7:30 PM on Saturday, Nov. 19. This enertaining annual event features an amazingly wide variety of desirable items, from the practical to the exotic. Artwork, musical instruments, antique furniture, vacation packages, and more will all be featured at incredible value. Joy MCC is located at 2351 S. Femcreek Ave. Call (407) 894-1081 for more information. V “Puttin’ On The Ritz,” is the theme for Wlllow,S annual Black & White Ball, to be held on Saturday, November 19 at the Pine Meadows Country Club in Eustis. Tickets are $35. For reservations call Terry (407) 865-5972, or Peppy (904) 383-0928. T There will be a fundraiser to benefit the Kathy Stllwell Foundation at 2 PM on Sunday, Nov. 20. The benefit will be held at Faces lounge on Edgewater Dr. An extraordinary athlete, Kathy Stilwell coached and played professional softball until stricken with Multiple Sclerosis. Monies raised will help Kathy and others with MS live better lives. To donate raffle items or for more info, call (407) 291 -3791. ▼ Dec. 1 marks the 7th year of the observance of World Aids Day. Centaur is the local coordinator. World Aids Day will begin with the Ringing of the Bells by area churches at 1:40 PM. At 6 PM the names of local citizens lost to HIV disease will be read, followed by a program of music, dance and song. For more information regarding World Aids Day, or A Day Wiffhouff Art on Dec. 2, contact Kathleen Morrow Aponte at (407) 849-1452. In conjunction, a portion of The NAMES Project Quilt will be on display in the rotunda of Orlando City Hall from Nov. 11 to Dec. 9. y The 3rd Annual Red Ribbon Ball, benefitting Centaur, will be held Saturday, Dec. 3 at Orlando Fashion Square from 10:30 PM to 3 AM. This gala event will be hosted by WFTV’s Barbara West, and will feature entertainment by Miss Jacqueline Jones. Tickets are $35 in advance; $40 at the door. Call (407) 841-2437 for tickets or more information. y The Metropolitan Business Association (MBA) will hold their 3rd Annual Holiday Gayla Social on Sunday, Dec. 4 at Moorefield’s Restaurant in downtown Orlando. Central Florida jazz great Miss Jacqueline Jones will entertain. Tickets are $25 and may be purchased from MBA board members, at Out & About Books, or at GLCS. Non-MBA members are welcome and encouraged to attend. Festivities run from 6 PM to 11 PM. Call (407) 420-2182 for tickets or more information. y The 6th Annual Christmas off Sharing will take place on Friday, Dec. 9 from 6 PM to midnight at the 1st Unitarian Church on Robinson St. in Orlando. Through this event, organizers Jeff Gaul and Michael Pelkowski raise funds, canned goods and toiletries for the Hope & Help Center and other local AIDS organizations. Last year 350 people contributed 7 truckloads of goods. For more information call (407) 578-1157. COLOfi WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 23 OUR CULTURE NOVEMBER 10 11 1 12 13 14 15 16 RAINBOW * THEATRE ORLANDO 1 JOY MCC WOR- DELTA YOUTH O.B.B.A. Orlando’s FAMILY VALUES. CONNECTION. v\ SELECTIONS. FRONTRUNNERS. SHIP SERVICES. ALLIANCE. Support largest gay & lesbian Gay & lesbian radio Group for teens & Meet at the red pagoda See Nov. 20. group for gay, lesbian bowling league. Bowl on 91.5 FM. Talk, young adults from 18- El Grande V at Lake Eola. 9 AM. BEARS OF CENT. & bisexual youth America, Winter Park. music, news, inter- 25. GLCS at 7:30 PM. De Coca Cola. 857-1777. FLA. Full Moon under 22. 6PM. 9 PM. 644-2244. views, community 425-7450. Saloon. 4:30 PM. 236-9415. events. 8-9 PM. Miracle Worker. G.L.B.L. Bowling at 657-1817. UCF GLBSU 646-2398. LUCKY LADIES Fair Lanes Indian WILLOW. (Lake Co. ORLANDO MEETING. Phillips BOWLING. Fair Kismet. Hills. 6:30 PM. Lesbian Grp.) Mt. Dora FRONTRUNNERS. Hall, Room 218. ORLANDO Lanes Indian Hills. 831-7171. Ch. Comm. 5 PM. 6:30 PM. See Nov. 12. 9 PM. 648-0057. 1! FRONTRUNNERS. 6:30 PM. 293-8849. > 865-5972. 7:30 PM. See Nov. 12. i ORANGE BLOSSOM GAYSKATE. TENNIS. 10:30 AM. Semoran Skateway in If 292-8582. Fern Park. 9:15 PM. 425-4527. - THR FRI SAT if SUN MON TUE m WED —— - 1 1 Ji 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 LADIES BOWLING. THEATRE ORLANDO JOY MCC DELTA YOUTH O.B.B.A. FAMILY VALUES. See Nov 10. SELECTIONS. FRONTRUNNERS. WORSHIP ALLIANCE. BOWLING. See Nov. 16. 9 AM. See Nov 12. SERVICES. 10:30 See Nov. 14. See Nov. 15. RAINBOW El Grande AM & 7:15 PM. ORLANDO CONNECTION. de Coca-Cola. G.L.B.L. BOWLING. 894-1081. ORLANDO UCF GLBSU. FRONTRUNNERS. See Nov. I0. See Nov 12. FRONTRUNNERS. See Nov. 15. 7:30 PM. See Nov. 12. Miracle Worker. DIGNITY. (Catholic 6:30 PM. See Nov. 12. LIGHT UP Grp.) Every Sunday. Wake ofJamey Foster. ORLANDO. GLCS Center. RAINBOW Downtown. 7:30 PM. 425-4527. DEMOCRATIC Kismet. 5 PM-Midnight. CLUB. Orlando p Library. 7 PM. 236-9476. THR FRI SAT SUN MON TUE WED Volvo introduces the world’s first and only side impact air bag- 1995 850. THE STORE 1051 W. Webster Ave. (adjacent to the Winter Park IVIall) • 628-0550 • Now Open Sundays 1 - 5. *Side air bags are standard on the 1995 850 Turbos and are optional in the base and GLT models. Always wear your safety belts. WATERMARK / November 9, 1994 24 ACCOUNTANT memou lyidvio •Monthly Accounting •Financial Statements •Tax Service (Individual, Corporate, Partnership, Estate) Barber & Latto Certified Public Accountants 639 Ramona Lane (West Colonial & Ramona) Orlando, FL 32805 (407) 843-9582 ACCOUNTANT FRACASSI & ASSOCIATES Certified Public Accountant 218 South Bumby Ave. □ Orlando, FL 32803 Fax 407/896-6824 □ Phone 407/896-6858 Personalized Professional Service Business & Individual Income Taxes Accounting & Payroll for Small Business Free Initial Consultation ATTORNEY W. THOMAS DYER ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Wills, Estate Planning, Probate Partnership and Parenting Agreements 701 E. WASHINGTON ST. SUITE 200 ORLANDO, FLORIDA 32801 PHONE (407) 648-1153 FAX (407) 841-7501 ATTORNEY Margaret E. Lederer, P.A. Attorney At Law • Registered Nurse Personal Injury 227 N. Magnolia Ave. • Suite 200 • Orlando, FL 32801 Phone: (407) 246-0044 • Fax: (407) 426-7227 AUTOMOBILES Murray S. Brown Auto Buying Consultants “Absolute Lowest Price First Time...Everytime” 1900 Park Avenue North • Winter Park, Florida 32789 Phone: (407) 629-1913 Member Winter Park Chamber of Commerce AUTOMOBILES Home of the new and exciting Mmeta ASK FOR Boh Miller Sue Copening 295-8100 295-8100 Hm: 884-7128 . Pgr: 526-0596 Sales & Leasing Consultants 3883 W. Colonial Dr. • Orlando, FL 32808 IF YOU DON'T WANT TO BE LEFT OUT IIU THE COLD... ADVERTISE |jy|"|"H . I EKIVIMKIV MARKETPLACE BOOKSTORE => BOOKSTORE OF DAYTONA BEACH Metaphysical Books & Things MON-FR110 AM-6 PM SAT 1f AM-5 PM 1501 Ridgewood Avenue (In The Coastal Centre) Holly Hill, FL 32117 Beth Faulds, Owner 904/672-4451 IF© f>Cl? M) CARD SHOP 1 fl 1 to IAI l i l&j A U IU 1 & I 1 1 i S i l I G 1 1 1 I •A. skinny little card shop 2409 EDGEWATER DR. 849-1486 CATERING f SIMPLY ELEGANT Of MICHAEL PELKOWSKI Full Service Catering and Party Planning (407) 578-1157 JEFFREY GAUL CLEANING SINCE 1985 MAID SERVICE HOMES* OFFICES NO TEAMS • ONE PERSON PERSONAL SERVICE 297-0047 CLEANING CARPET BUSTERS TRUST YOUR CARPETS & UPHOLSTERY TO A CERTIFIED, TRAINED WOMAN! 740-6233 672-6485 DIET COSTUMES Available only at Diet Center* The weight-loss professionals .* •Serving Orlando since 1980 •Computerized & personalized •Nutritionally sound •Measures your body’s composition (lean or fat) •You eat real food and select a sensible exercise routine •No shots or drugs •Effective, affordable weight management services Mention This Ad and Receive 10% Off Reducing 872-0054 322 E. MICHIGAN ST. V IACZE • Costumes • Vintage Clothing • Novelties • Boas . -, jjraiiWi" Special Needs (407) 323-9421 102 East First Street Sanford, FL 32771 ITS TIME TO ADVERTISE DISPLAY/MERCHANDISING VISUALS. INC. DISPLAY & MERCHANDISING NEW & USED • Showcases • Racks • Displays - > • Store Fixtures featuring - Hard bodies. With over 1,000 mannequins in stock, new and used, plus a complete restoration & make-over service. Winter Park Mall • 500 N. Orlando Ave. Suite 1464 • Winter Park, FL 32789 • (407) 645-3357 • ELECTROLYSIS (SUectmlpsis Permenant Hair Removal Joyce Balderas, Reg. I i ofi-ree Cr’cmsultaticm &C 1 r-CMinutetreatment * I T I New Clients Only • By Appt. Only j SmgS. Often# Halt’s flowers, . FULL SERVICE FLORIST Ph: (407) 649-8005 (800) 299-4852 Fax: (407)649-4355 817 E. Washington Orlando, FL 32801 TELL 'EM YOU SAW IT IN WATOttURK FUNERAL HAWTHORNE FUNERAL HOME 4901 S. ORANGE AVE • OLANDO. FL 32806 “Let Our Family Serve Your Family” 425-2589 SAM ODOM, L.F.D. ELGAN STAPPE, F.P. DIR. LOCALLY OWNED AND OPERATED SINCE 1954 FUNERAL THE SIMPLICITY PLAN ™ MARILYN K. BRINSON Pre-Arrangement Counselor 407-671-3919 • 349-5644 Baldwin-Fairchild Cemeteries and Funeral Homes 2400 Harrell Rd • Orlando, FL 32817 ACLU American Civil Liberties Union American Express Anna Madrigal Anne Rice Annette Funicello Anthony Deluccia Anthony Turney Arthur Kropp Audrey Hepburn Baker Barbara Keenan Barbara West Ben Waft Beth Henley Bill Drahos bisexual Bob Cratchit Boone Briggs Brook Trout Buchanan Buena Ventura Lakes Burke Carmella Twirling Castro Chandler Chapin Charles Dickens Charlie Hogan Chavez Community United Against Violence Connie Francis Coretta Scott King Damron Dan George Dan Rather Danielle Tantalizing David Driscoll David Mclimans David Slaughter Daytona Beach Delta Dennis Underwood Department Of Health And Rehabilitative Dick Martin Dukakis dukes Dusty Springfield Edgewater Elgan Engelbreit Eric Orner Florence Henderson Florida Family Council Foster Fowler Fran Pisnone Frank Jordan Frank MccClain Gallagher gay Gerald Kogan Gridley Harry Singletary Harry Westen Hattaway Helen Keller Hoffman homosexuality homosexuals Horowitz Ikea Jackson Jacqueline Jones James A. Cresciteili James A. Creseitelli James Egan Jamey Foster Jeff Gaul Jeffrey Laurence Jennifer Bush Jesse Jackson Jill Porter Joe Saranno Joe Sarano John Butler Book, Jr. John Hiatt John Nesbit Joni Mitchell Jordan Joseph Souki Juanita Marie Kathleen Morrow Aponte Kathleen Mulligan Kathy Stilwell Katie Messmer Katz Kay Bottoms Kees Keith Peterson Keith Tanner Ken Kundis Kenney Kevin Beary Kevin Gardner Kirsten Dunst Kogan Lake Eola Lakeland Laura Chandler Lawhon Leonard Maltin lesbians Leslie Addison Lester Olmstead LGBT LGBTQ+ Life Care Resources Linda Chapin M. Parsons, Jr. Marion Baker Marion Didn Martin Luther King, Jr. Mary Bngelbreit Metropolitan Business Association Miami Michael J. Fox Michael L. Kilgore Michael Pelkowski Michael Stipe Mickey Rat Mike Russell Miller Mitch Katz Mitchell Morris Schambelan Mount Dora Mt. Dora Naples Napoleon Neil Jordans Nina Vinik Norman Mizuguchi Office Of Equal Opportunity Olympia Dukakis orange county Orange County Sheriff orlando Pablo Felix Palmer Papa Tony Parliament House Paul Wegman Peter Pan Philip L. Lee Phillips Pignone Publix Queen Bitch Cruella queers questioning Rafael Gasti Rah Rega Reinette Cooper Rex Briggs Richard Ryder Ricky Lee Robert Holland Rodney M. Jackman Rohana Rosanne Sloan Russell same-sex Sandy Bargioni Sandy Fink Sarasota Schambelan Scott Brownell Sharon Bottoms Shrine Auditorium Shunichi Kimura Southern Nights Steinhart Stephen De Matteis Steven Damron Steven Underhill Stuart Price Supreme Court Susan Horowitz Taylor Teddy Costa The Names Project Foundation The Watermark Thornton Park Cafe Tom Cruise Tom Dyer Tom Woodard trans transgender Victor Rohana Volusia W. Webster Wally World Walt Gallagher William Gibson Woodard Yvonne Vassell Zamora Zweifel https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3377bc2ddc406fe18fe0d40de16b4bc9.jpg 647652fd4da60367f1f976aa323bac81 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Collection Description The Orlando area was originally occupied by the Creek and Seminole tribes. In 1838, Fort Gatlin was erected on the shores of Lake Gatlin, just a few miles south of present-day Downtown Orlando. Centered around Church Street, Orlando became a city in 1884. Originally a cattle town, Orlando grew into a major citrus growing center by the 1920s. The city continued to grow during the Great Depression with aid from the Work Progress Administration (WPA). During World War II, Orlando became a major military center as well, with the development of the McCoy Air Force Base and Pinecastle Air Force Base, and with the addition of the Naval Training Center (NTC) Orlando in 1968. Downtown Orlando declined in the 1960s and 1970s. Redevelopment began in the 1970s and continued into the 1980s, with projects such as the Church Street Station entertainment complex. In 1998, a building boom began and continued through the 2000s. Contributor Cook, Thomas Cepero, Nancy Lynn Cepero, Laura Lynn Alternative Title Orlando Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Antequino, Stephanie Gaub, and Tana Mosier Porter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783150094" target="_blank">Lost Orlando</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2012. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Historic District Walking Tour</a>." City of Orlando. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf. Has Format <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/69" target="_blank">Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/126" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Information Center Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/110" target="_blank">Orlando Public Library Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/111" target="_blank">Orlando Regions Bank Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from Dorothy Barbour to Carolyn S. Cope (September 12, 1979) Alternative Title Letter from Barbour to Cope (September 12, 1979) Subject Orlando (Fla.) Shopping malls--United States Description A letter from Dorothy Barbour to Carolyn S. Cope, whose first name is misspelled in the letter. In the letter, Barbour requests land information connected to the planned site for the Florida Mall in Orlando, Florida. Cope was a real estate broker for Two XI, Inc., located in Coconut Grove in Miami, Florida. The mall was designed and constructed by the Edward J. DeBartolo Corporation, founded by Edward J. DeBartolo, Sr. (1909-1994) in 1944. Edward J. DeBartolo Jr. (b. 1946) joined his father's business and together they became known as the "kings of the shopping mall." By the late 1980s, the DeBartolo Corporation had constructed 51 shopping malls, including 21 in Florida. The Florida Mall, located on the corner of Sand Lake Road and Orange Blossom Trail, was designed to appeal to Central Florida's large tourist economy and opened in March of 1986. Originally, the mall sat on 250 acres, contained over 1.3 million square feet of shopping space, and featured over 160 stores. Type Text Source Original 1-page typed letter from Dorothy Barbour to Carolyn S. Cope, September 12, 1979: <a href="http://pinecastlehistory.org/" target="_blank">Pine Castle Historical Society</a>, Pine Castle, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Referenced By "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7095" target="_blank">Letter from Carolyn S. Cope to Dorothy Barbour (September 19, 1979)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7095. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original typed letter from Dorothy Barbour to Carolyn S. Cope, September 12, 1979. Coverage Coconut Grove, Miami, Florida The Florida Mall, Orlando, Florida Creator Barbour, Dorothy Contributor Lake, Harriett Date Created 1979-09-19 Format image/jpg Medium 1-page typed letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Dorothy Barbour. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://pinecastlehistory.org/" target="_blank">Pine Castle Historical Society</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Sky Lake Project Curator Barnes, Mark Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://pinecastlehistory.org/" target="_blank">Pine Castle Historical Society</a> External Reference Crawford, Selwyn. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-06-15/business/0230120196_1_debartolo-shopping-malls-mall-in-south" target="_blank">Edward J. DeBartolo Sr. bristles at even the slightest…</a>.'" The Orlando Sentinel, June 15, 1986. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-06-15/business/0230120196_1_DeBartolo-shopping-malls-mall-in-south. Carolyn S. Cope Coconut Grove consumer shopping DeBartolo Real Estate Company Dorothy Barbour Edward J. DeBartolo Corporation Florida Mall Miami Orange Avenue orlando Perch Lane real estate real estate developments retail Sand Lake Road shopping malls Two XI, Inc. U.S. Route 441 US 441 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3270528d9c45991ab950c28a2aceb5e5.jpg febef8cf38d73f695d75abaccde66a17 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection Alternative Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Subject Cemeteries--Europe Veterans--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Army Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. <a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Florida-France Soldier Stories Project</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Dinozé, France Contributing Project Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War</a>." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015). Description The Florida-France Soldier Storiesproject seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Fifteenth Census Population Schedule for Lodi, New Jersey Description The U.S. Census population schedule for Lodi, New Jersey, in 1930. Individuals are identified by name, titles and terms, gender, age, marital status, race, relationship to head of household, birthplace, birth year, the last place of residence, and occupation. Many of the residents' last names appear to be of Italian origin. A notable resident listed in this record is Private James M. Hutton, Jr. (ca. 1914-1944), who appears on row 99. Pvt. Hutton was a private in the U.S. Army during World War II. He was born to James Hutton sometime around 1914. Pvt. Hutton grew up in Jersey and moved to Miami, Florida, sometime before 1940. He married Florence E. Offnick and had a son, James Hutton III. Pvt. Hutton was drafted into the Army on October 30, 1943, and was placed in the 157th Infantry Regiment's 45th Infantry Division. He died during combat in France on September 26, 1944, and is currently buried at the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France. Pvt. Hutton was awarded the Purple Heart for his service. Date Created 1930-04-07 Coverage Garibaldi Avenue, Lodi, New Jersey Creator Barceline, Fred Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Fred Barceline, April 7, 1930. <a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X486-1CY" target="_blank">https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:X486-1CY</a>. Source Repository <a href="http://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives & Records Administration</a> Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: <ul class="one_column_bullet"><li>reproduce the work in print or digital form</li> <li>create derivative works</li> <li>perform the work publicly</li> <li>display the work</li> <li>distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending.</li> </ul> This resources is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105" target="_blank">Section 5</a> of <a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html" target="_blank">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. External Reference "<a href="http://findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Hutton&GSiman=1&GScid=1991677&GRid=56373182&" target="_blank">Pvt James M Hutton, Jr</a>." Find A Grave. http://findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Hutton&GSiman=1&GScid=1991677&GRid=56373182&. "<a href="https://aad.archives.gov/aad/record-detail.jsp?dt=893&mtch=1&cat=WR26&tf=F&q=34795336&bc=sl&rpp=10&pg=1&rid=5175258" target="_blank">Electronic Army Serial Number Merged File, ca. 1938 - 1946 (Enlistment Records)</a>." National Archives & Records Administration. https://aad.archives.gov/aad/record-detail.jsp?dt=893&mtch=1&cat=WR26&tf=F&q=34795336&bc=sl&rpp=10&pg=1&rid=5175258. "<a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VTZX-C6Y" target="_blank">James Hutton</a>." FamilySearch. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VTZX-C6Y. "<a href="http://abmc.gov/node/380228#.VrTYE7IrLIU" target="_blank">James M. Hutton Jr.</a>." American Battle Monuments Commission. http://abmc.gov/node/380228#.VrTYE7IrLIU. "<a href="https://www.meaningfulfunerals.net/home/index.cfm/obituaries/view/fh_id/14583/id/2227636" target="_blank">Florence Hutton | 1919 - 2013 | Obituary</a>." Henderson-Biedekapp Funeral Chapel. https://www.meaningfulfunerals.net/home/index.cfm/obituaries/view/fh_id/14583/id/2227636. Alternative Title Census Population Schedule for Lodi, NJ Subject Census--United States Population--United States Publisher <a href="http://www.census.gov/" target="_blank">Bureau of the Census</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/172" target="_blank">Epinal American Cemetery Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpg Extent 587 KB Medium 1 census record Language eng Type Text Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Fred Barceline and published by the <a href="http://www.census.gov/" target="_blank">Bureau of the Census</a>. Contributing Project Epinal Cemetery Project Curator Hoffman, Amanda Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://familysearch.org/" target="_blank">FamilySearch</a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Amelia Mongosso Anna Lombardi Anthony Bacco Anthony Lombardi Anthony Sontorrie Camella Ginepe Carmine Mazzonie census Charles Lombardi Elizabeth Debreceni Fanny Ginepe Frank Ginepe Frank Ginepe, Jr. Goetonio Anzabilina Grace Mazzonie Italian Americans Italians James Bacco James M. Hutton, Jr. James M. Hutton, Sr. James Mazzonie Jean Mazzonie Joseph Coli Joseph Lombardi Joseph Mongosso Joseph Wagner Josephine Lombardi Josephine Mongosso Lodi, New Jersey Marie Comeleo Mary Coli Mary Wagner Micheal Kieman Nancy Ginepe Peter Mongosso population Rosalie Lombardi Rose Ginepe Rose Sontorrie Salvatore Bacco Salvatore Mazzonie Salvatore Mongosso Salvatore Sontorrie Sam Bacco Sussie Bacco Sussie Comeleo Sylvester Mazzonie Vincent Coli Vincent Comeleo Vincent Comeleo, Jr. Vincent Comeleo, Sr. Vincent Mongosso https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c62bcd04e26ae9d751548bdafe27b133.pdf 8f30ddfb5649a986242427f6e728aa76 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection Alternative Title Lone Sailor Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Orlando (Fla.) United States. Navy Navy Sailors--United States Description Collection of digital images and oral histories related to the former Recruit Training Center Orlando (RTC Orlando) for the United States Navy. The training center transformed raw recruits into highly effective sailors. This process took place over an intensive eight-week training period, commonly referred to as "boot camp." RTC Orlando occupied roughly one half of the former Naval Training Center Orlando (NTC Orlando), which was located at present day Baldwin Park, Orlando, Florida. Between 1968 and 1994, over 650,000 men and women graduated from RTC Orlando. Contributor <a href="http://www.lonesailorfl.com/" target="_blank">Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project</a> <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/24" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Naval Training Center, Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.lonesailorfl.com/" target="_blank">Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project</a> <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/" target="_blank">About the Project</a>." UCF Community Veterans History Project, RICHES of Central Florida, University of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/. "<a href="http://cfnavyleague.org/lone-sailor/" target="_blank">The History</a>." Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project. http://cfnavyleague.org/lone-sailor/ "<a href="http://rtcorlando.homestead.com/" target="_blank">The History</a>." RTC Orlando. http://rtcorlando.homestead.com/. <a href="http://www.lonesailorfl.com/" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Barnes, Mark Interviewee Kidd, Scott T. Location <a href="http://www.ucf.edu" target="_blank">University of Central Florida</a>, Orlando Florida Duration 47 minutes and 10 seconds Original Format 1 Hi-8 audio/video recording Bit Rate/Frequency 2418kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Scott T. Kidd Alternative Title Oral History, Kidd Subject Orlando (Fla.) Navy Veterans--Florida Description An oral history of former recruit training Commander Scott T. Kidd. This interview was conducted by Mark Barnes at the University of Central Florida's Colbourn Hall in Orlando, Florida. This oral history was produced as part of the Community Veterans History Project (CVHP) and the Lone Sailor Memorial Committee for the purpose conducting background research for a memorial honoring the former Orlando Naval Training Center (NTC Orlando). Kidd was a former recruit commander at Naval Training Center Orlando (NTC Orlando) from 1989 to 1993. He also served in the U.S. Navy from 1983 to 1994. Kidd was the first recruit commander at the base to lead a fully integrated company of male and female recruits. He also served on the USS Ponce LPD-15, the USS Niagara Falls AFS-3, and the USS Iowa. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:41 Biographical information 0:03:03 Assignments 0:06:24 Transfer to NTC Orlando 0:10:08 Responsibilities as a recruit training commander 0:12:32 Experience of the recruits 0:20:05 The training of male and female recruits 0:26:26 USS Blue Jacket and the Grinder 0:32:50 Additional training 0:36:30 Development of simulation training 0:38:48 Assignments following time at NTC Orlando 0:40:43 Legacy of NTC Orlando 0:44:17 Lone Sailor Memorial Abstract Oral history interview of Scott T. Kidd. Interview conducted by Mark Barnes at <a href="http://www.ucf.edu" target="_blank">University of Central Florida</a>, in Orlando Florida. Type Moving Image Source <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/VET/id/276/rec/1" target="_blank">Kidd, Scott T.</a> Interviewed by Mark Barnes. UCF Community Veterans History Project. February 2, 2014. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank">Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank">Java</a> <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a>, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/109" target="_blank">Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection</a>, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Conforms To Standards established by the <a href="http://www.loc.gov/vets/" target="_blank">Community Veterans History Project (CVHP)</a>, Library of Congress, http://www.loc.gov/vets/. Coverage Richland, Washington Naval Station Great Lakes, Great Lakes, Illinois Norfolk, Virginia Mediterranean Sea Naval Training Center Orlando, Orlando, Florida Creator Barnes, Mark Kidd, Scott T. Publisher <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/UniversityArchives/" target="_blank">Special Collections and University Archives</a>, University of Central Florida Libraries Contributor Maldonado, Fernando <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a> <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2014-02-12 Date Copyrighted 2014-02-12 Format video/mov application/pdf Extent 872 MB 163 KB Medium 47-minute and 10-second Hi-8 audio/video recording 18-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mark Barnes and Scott T. Kidd, and published by the University of Central Florida Libraries <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/UniversityArchives/" target="_blank">Special Collections and University Archives</a>. Rights Holder All rights are held by the respective holding institution. This material is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce and/or for copyright information contact <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/UniversityArchives/" target="_blank">Special Collections and University Archives</a>, University of Central Florida Libraries, (407) 823-2576. http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/. Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a> Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalCollections/" target="_blank">UCF Digital Collections</a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Special Collections and University Archives</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.lonesailorfl.com/" target="_blank">The History</a>." Navy Memorial of Central Florida. http://www.lonesailorfl.com/. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="http://rtcorlando.homestead.com/" target="_blank">The History</a>." RTC Orlando. http://rtcorlando.homestead.com/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/VET/id/276/rec/1" target="_blank">Oral History of Scott T. Kidd</a> Has Format Digital transcript of orginal 47-minute and 10-second oral history: <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/VET/id/276/rec/1" target="_blank">Kidd, Scott T.</a> Interviewed by Mark Barnes. UCF Community Veterans History Project. February 2, 2014. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida. Transcript Barnes Today is February 12th, 2014. I am interviewing Scott [T.] Kidd, who served in the United States Navy. My name is Mark Barnes, and with me is Fernando Maldonado, who is working the camera. We are interviewing Mr. Kidd as part of the UCF Community Veterans History Project, and as research for the creation of the Lone Sailor Memorial Project. We are recording this interview at UCF [University of Central Florida], in the city of Orlando, Florida. Mr. Kidd, or Scott, however you would like to be directed. Kidd Scott is fine. Barnes Scott. So, if you could just give us some of your early biography. Where were you born? Your brothers or sisters, mother, father? Kidd Sure. I was born in Richland, Washington. I have six brothers and sisters. Single-parent family. Raised there in the [19]60s. Left home when I was 15, as part of the late 60s-early 70s liberal generation movement. Early—bounced around the California-Las Vegas area. Got married. Decided I would join the military and clean my act up, at a certain point in life. And then spent 12 years in the service. After multiple experiences there, I received a medical retirement, due to some contamination from a command I was with. And moved on into real life. I opened a couple of businesses. got into broadcasting. And now, I run a company that is involved in putting science and technology companies together with young students in order to do career guidance. Barnes Good. And what year did you join the Navy? And what were your reasons for choosing the Navy over other services branches? Kidd I joined the Navy in actually February of—yeah—February of 1983. And, at that time, we were busy—the United States, in particular, was busy—enjoying a massive recession. Huge unemployment. Eighteen percent—18 to 20 percent interest rates on home loans. There was a lot of convulsions there, and I had a young family that I needed to be able to take care of. So, like many people, I joined for the job. I selected the military, because—quite frankly, I selected the Navy, because they gave me a bonus, which came in quite handy at the time. So like many people in the military who joined, it was for the money—for the job. Barnes And what were some of your first experiences coming out of boot camp—some of your first assignments? Kidd Okay. here’s a little entertainment. First place, I was—even though I was born in Washington, I sort of made my way to warmer clim[ate]s, like the L.A. [Los Angeles] and Las Vegas areas. When I joined the service, in February of 1983, the Navy and its infinite wisdom sent me to Great Lakes, Illinois, which is the north end of Chicago. Directly on the lake. Now for those of you unaware of it, it’s frickin’ cold up there [laughs]. So when you have a chill factor of minus 35 [degrees], it, ah, persuades you that—it gives you second thoughts about your [laughs] —your move to join the military. But any rate, I completed boot camp there, and my initial training—I was actually there for a best part of the year. And my first duty assignment was in Norfolk, Virginia, with a ship called the USS Shenandoah—I forgot to mention it down there—brand new ship that had just been commissioned. I was what was known as a “boiler technician.” I was persuaded to become a boiler technician, because the recruiter I spoke to was a chief boiler technician who told me what a great job it was. And, oh, he lied [laughs]. I will tell you, this is not just for me, but through your conversations with anyone else in here, one of the most common refrains you will hear from folks who served in, ah—in any of the branches is that, “My recruiter lied to me.” [laughs]. That is just—it should be on Hallmark cards. But regardless, when I started on board the Shenandoah, which was a tender ship—in other words, it was a repair ship, so it brought supplies and performed repairs on other ships while they were deployed. So we would accompany battle groups of ships that would go on cruises. For example, Mediterranean cruise would normally be scheduled to last for about six months. It would include an aircraft carrier, some destroyers, support ships, this-and-that, and we would—we were the type of ship that would go a long with that group in order to keep them functioning over that six month period. So my job was to work on propulsion—stuff which is what boilers were for. We built steam. Interesting experience. It was also one of the first ships in the Navy that had a sexually-integrated crew. Because at that time, women were not permitted in contact—in combat roles. Because this particular ship was considered a support ship it was—it did not put anyone in direct combat. Ergo, you could have women sailors. Barnes What year was… Kidd That was 1984. Barnes What—when did you come to NTC [Naval Training Center] Orlando? Kidd I was stationed starting in June of 1989. I was—what was called? My first shore duty command, which meant that I did not have to go to sea for a while. Barnes And how did you come about getting that assignment? Kidd My assignment at NTC Orlando was actually with the subcommand RTC Orlando—Recruit Training Command. This is kind of important—an important distinction in that, as background, if—in order to get promoted in the military, you had to show your skill and availability, flexibility in different types of roles. Those roles would usually include assignments. Now, there were certain assignments that you could take in the Navy that enhanced your resume, and virtually guaranteed your promotion to the next level. For enlisted people, promotion—you went through E[nlisted Rank] 6—is essentially strictly a test taking job. The Navy says how many it needs, you take a paper test, and if you score high enough on that test, you get promoted. The promotion to E-7—the E-7 through E-9 grades, which is senior enlisted, is based on different criteria, along with taking tests. It’s also a lot of interview and examination of your service record, what type of assignments you had, skill sets, etc. Performance-based. So, if you wanted to be promoted to E-7, which is kind of important for a number of reasons, you had to take some demanding assignments. RTC Orlando recruit—being a recruit company commander slot, there was one of those type of assignments that would get you—if you completed it successfully, odds are you were gonna get promoted . Barnes So you arrived in 1989 to… Kidd I was there through—through 1980—from ’89 through ’93. Barnes And what were your impressions of the base and/or the Orlando area when you arrived? Kidd Oh, Orlando’s beautiful, compared to Norfolk [laughs]. The base had—was a mixture of buildings that were 60 years old and brand new. From—the base, of course, was originally an [U.S.] Army—was an [U.S.] Air For—Army Air Force base built back in World War II. And it had been—in the 1960s—supposed to be closed, but Lyndon [B.] Johnson did a deal with one of the, uh, Congress people here for Central Florida, in order to get the congressmen’s votes for the Civil Rights Act [of 1965]. Lyndon Johnson did a deal with him—said, “Well, we’ll keep the base open instead of closing it so you have jobs.” And they transferred it over to the Navy. The Navy—you might note that we do live in Florida, and that Orlando is damn near as far from the water as you can get. So that might seem an odd place for a Navy base [laughs]. But any rate, that’s why it was there. But it was a beautiful base, and the city of Orlando of course was growing at that time. Lots of great building going on, lots of energy, sunshine. All things you might expect. Barnes So while you were at RTC, what were your responsibilities? Your day in and day out responsibilities. Kidd [coughs] I was what is known as a “recruit company commander.” Many people recognize that from what they are in the other services called “drill sergeants.” But the Navy being different, we’re recruit company commanders. It was our job to supervise folks who were brand new to the military experience—Navy, in particular—from the time they arrived on a bus until they had met certain standards and were prepared to go on to their first set of actual technical schools. We trained them in how to wear uniforms, appropriate sense of discipline, how to recognize military rank, appropriate forms of behavior. The, uh—the recruit training experience is something that’s been around since Roman times. It is designed to take someone who is a civilian, with civilian values, regardless of where they come from, and first break down their identity as a civilian, for who they were in the first place, and then build them back up with a new identity—sense of recognition as a member of that military group. So that is what—that’s what we did over the course of eight weeks. We spent a couple of weeks being very nit-picky about any—any deviation from standards, by the quarter inch. Sometimes sixteenth of an inch. Once you did that—that normally took about two weeks—and from that point on, you would spend your time having them involved in basic classes—classroom activities—and then participation in group activities in order to build up that identity. Barnes And how did the recruits—obviously, they may have all been different—but how did the recruits seem to act to the environment, to the training, to the region, did they come in raw and left as… Kidd Left as sailors, which is what they were. It’s such a wide range. It is. But when you say how they reacted when they came in, that’s kind of the point. The point is you do have a wide range of individuals, and the point is to put them out in the end of that eight-week training as similarly as possible. So they all met certain standards. So we really didn’t care how they felt when they got there. We already knew that the system was designed to be uncomfortable for them. It was designed to be challenging. An example is routinely you would—their first day of arrival, regardless, they would be scheduled to come in somewhere between ten o’clock at night and four o’clock in the morning. They would be herded into a—basically a dormitory room with bunk beds, regardless of what time they got there. With their stuff, whatever they carried on which was minimal, and their clothing. At 04:00—or four o’clock in the morning—myself and another person would come in and wake them up. It was not unusual for us to wake them up by banging metal trashcans, or using an air horn, or both. The idea was—thinking of it as shock and awe, because they would lead, for the next couple of weeks, 18-hour days, in order to—as part of that process to change their value system. Barnes Now did you guys—now you as an instructor, and you can answer for the recruits if you know as well, did you guys have normal off-base activities? Downtime? Anything that you guys liked to do? Kidd The recruits did not. During that eight-week training, uh—let me rephrase that. During the eight-week training period, the recruits would normally go through six weeks basically [coughs]—six weeks of training of varying intensities. Initially, extremely intense, a little less so, and more cerebral[?] as it went along, more detailed-oriented. By the end of six weeks—normally somewhere—the sixth or seventh weekend, they were there. they would be escorted by company commanders like me to some type of off-base activity. Go to SeaWorld, or something else along that line. The following week they’d be allowed to go without escorts. Like that weekend when they graduated, which was either—normally the end of their seventh week. When they graduated they would have that evening to go out and do whatever they were—then they would come back they would have two or three more days before they actually left the base and went onto their next command. Depends on the schedule, on the way it fell apart. So by and large, the company commanders—no. We, the company commanders, were horribly mistreated [laughs]. I’m sorry, I’m just playing. It was a very challenging duty for a company commander, because in the shipboard Navy, normally you deploy for six months. You’re gone from home, family, all the rest of that, the boat’s gone. And you go for shorter deployments, depending on what type of command you were on. It was nothing for shipboard Navy to be gone, physically, nine months a year from your home and family. Very strenuous. Well, when you came to a training command here, it was just as bad. Problem was it was even more intense, and worse your family is just down the street from wherever you lived. So when—when we say it was intense for the recruits, understand the company commanders did everything the recruits did, were with them that entire time. Plus an hour before and an hour after. So it was not unusual for company commanders to have weeks where they averaged four hours sleep a night. After—after three consecutive—the normal schedule was to train three companies, and then take a break from being a company commander to being an instructor in teaching classes, which was normal life. you actually had like weekends off. But for six months you were pretty burnt out [laughs]. The effect on company commanders being stationed there—the normal billeting there was a three-year duty. When you have orders to go there, you are expected to be there for three years. And the divorce rate there for married couples was an excess of 70 percent. It was just that strenuous, and demanding a duty. It was pretty intense. But for those people that survived it and did well, God bless them all. Barnes But you mentioned classes that recruits went to. What were some of the classes that they take? Kidd Recruits would go through classes—everything from an introduction to naval history. Teaching them about John Paul Jones— it was a very much—very light overview, very light, of the years the Mili[tary], the years the Navy got started, some of the high points, and very early naval history, etc. That type of thing. They would also go through courses—classes on basic hygiene, behavioral sense. I would call it “social and ethical education”, as in teaching what the standards were. We had class everything to naval history to rape awareness, all of which were taught be certified instructors like myself. So everything from how to wear your clothes properly, to the language of the Navy—as in, for example, what a “bulkhead” is. It’s a wall, by the way, if you didn’t know. All floors are decks. ceilings are overheads. There’s a shipboard terminology the Navy uses that no one else does. So you had to learn that. You also had to learn neat stuff like “bits,” “bites” as they applied to the Navy. They have nothing to do with high-tech, they have a whole lot to do with ropes [laughs]. So these are all things that—there’s a wide range of topics. Largely related to how to behave in a shipboard environment. Barnes Now did you instruct male and female recruits? Kidd Oh, yes. I did [laughs]. Barnes So—so what was that experience like for the recruits? For the officers? Kidd For the—let me start with for the recruits, because I got a lot of feedback from them. This was a unique time in the Navy’s history—my particular time era—because of the fact that, while Recruit Training Center of Orlando had always—as long as the Navy had been accepting women—had been the training center for women enlisted recruits. In the late ‘80s-early ‘90s, the Navy as a policy made the commitment to do training of both sexes together in the same room. No separation. this-and-that and the other things. The Navy was very, very concerned, from a policy matter, that they—there would be problems involving throwing a lot of young people together in a stressed environment, where they might be encouraged to look for some release from that stress. What a stunning idea [laughs]. So in the Navy’s infinite wisdom, they made it the responsibility of the trainers and stuff to emphasize to these young men and young women every day that having sex was not a good thing. So you might want to imagine telling a drunk, “Don’t think about pink elephants.” So yes. It became challenging in that respect, and young women and young men, being what young women and young men are, there were some rather creative attempts to get around the rules there. Not a big deal. In the big scheme of things, it’s hardly—but it was more amusing than anything else. The point was that it added a note to the training environment that didn’t exist elsewise in the Navy. And it also led to some major changes in the way recruits were actually trained. The history of training recruits is—regardless of branch of service, again—is very much tied into the process of breaking down the individualized identity in the first place, and rebuilding them. Anyone who has ever watched the movies knows that there’s a certain amount of blunt language that is used, and historically has been used. Well, the United States Navy, as training command, decided that that type of language was no longer to be used. So within an environment where you have certain expectations by many of the recruits— come in expecting that this is going to be the toughest thing they ever did. some of them were a little disappointed. Probably a minority, but nonetheless you had folks who were very highly motivated to be there looking for the challenge of a lifetime. Those are a lot of recruits who came to the military simply because they were looking for direction. That was their number one reason for entering. It wasn’t because of job. it was because they wanted a sense of who they were within a larger community. I cannot count the number of kids—and I’ll say “kids,” because I was in my mid-30s and most of them were in their teens—who came to me after, upon completion of training or during it, and expressed their pride about being part of the organization, knowing what they were doing, having goals that were clear to them at that time. So by and large, for the vast majority of recruits coming through, boot camp—RTC Orlando—was a very positive experience. I think most of them—I never met one who afterwards[sic]—many of the kids I trained here, even 20 years later, are in touch with me via Facebook or something else, who haven’t expressed what a positive impact the experience had on their lives. Funniest thing I ever—I actually had probably over the course of my three and a half years, 13 companies that I’ve pushed, which was pretty much the record. More than once, at the end of the training cycle for the kids, the eight-week period, when they approach their graduation, the night before their actual graduation ceremony, their parents and families would come to visit. And more than once, I’d have some young man come introduce me to his single mother. And then come to me afterwards and say, “I wish I had a dad like you.” Which was a little scary when you think about all the horrible things I said to that boy [laughs] not two months before that. But that gives you an idea of how many of them looked at the experience—was something to go through. It was finite. They did it. They knew they were changed. For us, as the trainers, the vast majority of us were already set in our career goals. We already knew where we were headed, so it was a job to be done. Most of us took a great deal of pride in the job. Sometimes it was challenging. By and large, I can say this from my own experience. and I stay in touch with five or six folks from those times. Everyone shares relatively similar experiences. Both the joys and the frustrations. So, uh, it’s a job. Barnes There’s[sic] two features of the base we just want to kind of get your feedback on, and then you can let us know how they relate either to the base or to what you did. So that would be the Blue Jacket, USS Blue Jacket… Kidd Right. Barnes And then the Grinder. Kidd [laughs] I almost forgot about that being called the “Grinder.” The USS Blue Jacket was, at the time I was there, pretty much an unused reminder—mainly because by 1989, it had been there for 30-odd years. It was broken down, unsafe. Never went on board it. Never took recruits on board it. Because it would have cost money to fix, and that’s not what money got put into. But it was a little bit of humor for all of us there, because the Blue Jacket was physically located at one end of the “Grinder.” The “Grinder” was—I think was a huge patio space—cement, you name it. But it was located there. you could see it. And it was nothing to march around in, or run around in, as the case may be. And there were people from the base maintenance crews who had the job of keeping it painted, and all the rest of that. But other than that, it really did not have—while I was there, and subsequent, because the base closed two years after I left—three years after I left. It really was nothing more than an ornament. Before that, I understood they used to do some facsimile training onboard simply to say, “This is a boat.” “This is a rope.” “This is a gang-way.” “This is a flag or pennant.” [laughs] And that’s fine. You need those things, but it was not used for that in my time. Now the “Grinder”, on the other hand—one of the primary tools of training for all the boot camps—for all the services boot camps—particularly here, is marching. Marching means that you get a group of people together, you teach them to march in step as one. Their arms and legs moving at the same, each—left arm, left leg. Everything moving at the same time, to a certain rhythm, dressed a certain way. And the “Grinder” was where you taught them to do that. And you yelled at them a lot. And, you know, you played loud music—loud marshal music, in a lot of cases. In other cases, you played some serious, four-beat, rock’n’roll, because it all has the same beat if you get them to march to it. The fun—I won’t say fun, because it certainly wasn’t for them [laughs]. After the first six hours, if you’re out in the middle of the sun, it’s far less entertaining than you might think. But this is Orlando. It gets hot here. Certain times of the year you’d be out on the “Grinder”—you’d had companies who were out on the “Grinder” every day, or at least in the evening, for two or three hours at a time. At other times of the year, when heat and humidity didn’t allow for it, because of heat stress factors, you had companies that never—did not spend a single day on the “Grinder,” simply because physical requirements were such. they weren’t allowed to. They may have gone through basic swim instruction at some point, where they had to cross the “Grinder” to get to the training facility, but other than that, they simply never saw it. Which made a challenge for company commanders like me who had to teach them how to march. “It’s where?” [laughs] “Oh, okay.” So—but you would also use the “Grinder” as a—let’s call it a “training tool.” As in, the companies would be in their particular barracks, and as a company commander, perhaps you were dissatisfied for some reason with the level or performance, or moral, or whatever other particular instance. So you might send your people out the back door, out onto the “Grinder”, and have them run around the “Grinder,” uh, at sometimes two to three times, and then report back in. And woe unto to anyone who fell behind [laughs]. And so you could use those as disciplinary, but… BarnesSo were there any other structures on the base that you remember vividly that you used a lot? or recruits may have remembered vividly, because they trained a lot? Kidd Well, uh, classroom building, which I believe is still there. uh, but you had other than the cafeteria, uh, which of course was the primary spot for all of the recruits. Um, you had the firefighting command. You had what’s call WSMP, uh, which was—I hate to say water sports—water systems and physical training, which was the gymnasium and pool. Those are pretty much what the recruits saw for those eight weeks. They simply did not spend that much time unsupervised or as individuals. They just weren’t given it. Once they left that—that recruit training command portion of thing, there was a lot of the base to be seen, but they were not allowed to do that while they were recruits. Barnes Now did you ever spend on NTC as a non-recruit commander? Kidd Yes. Barnes And what did you do in that capacity? Kidd I taught at nuclear power school. Barnes Okay. Kidd I taught remedial mathematics. neat stuff like that. Kids who had, or for young men—it was always young men—who had signed up to go into nuclear power training. It was very high-end stuff for them. Some of them needed refreshers in their math in order to be able to handle the theoretical stuff in there, but that was just like being a classroom teacher anywhere. Normal 8-5 working hours. Monday through Friday. Barnes Now, at the time, was that the only nuclear training facility in the… Kidd It was the initial. Barnes The initial? Kidd The training pipe. I’m going to use the word “pipeline,” which many people recognize—as in like, there are varying points along there. Uh, in the military in particular, there’s always ongoing training, regardless of what you’re in. Recruit training is simply the very beginning of the pipeline. From that point on, regardless whether you’re going to be a, uh—if you’re planning on just going out as an E-1 to a ship someplace—“Congratulations. You’re gone.” You are a seaman apprentice or a seaman recruit is what a[sic] E-1 is. You are going to go through additional training, just to teach you what a boat is all about. That’s called “apprentice training,” and that was also at Naval Training Center. It was separate from recruit training. Uh, for more technical schools, then there was[sic] various pipelines. For example, nuclear power, which was one of the most restricted—restrictive—qualifications. Um, for someone to get into it they had to—well, of course, they had to be a high school graduate, but on top of that, they had to have certain score on Navy-wide entrance tests when they came in. Um, certain behavioral records, etc. Uh, we used to go by what we called AFQT scores—Armed Forces Qualifying Test. They were scored on a 0 to 99 basis. You could not be accepted into nuclear power program, unless you scored above 90 on that test. Trust me. there were a lot of people that didn’t. I trained recruits that were as low as 13. You can imagine the level of literacy for those folks. Um, so—but at any rate, you also had, uh, initial training for electronic weaponry. Uh, electronic—you had training for folks going into, uh, basic seamanship, like boatswain’s mates school. A variety of things took place on the Naval Training Center Command. These are all initial and secondary schools, prior to sending someone out as qualified in that particular field to, uh, command. And some of them might move on to a different training command. When you spoke about the Nuclear Power Training Command, it—about a two, at that time—it took roughly two and half years from the time someone came in, as a recruit, to the time they actually went to a command to be around—to a seagoing command that had a nuclear reactor on it. So some of the training is intense. Barnes And you were at the base at the infancy of the simulator training? Was that beginning to develop why you were there? Kid Yes. It was. Uh, first off, all military training for years, has been—there’s simulation involved. You need to understand what simulation is, of course. Not all of it is high-tech electronic gizmo games. And that’s—you mentioned earlier the Blue Jacket was a stab at simulating seagoing environment. Um, many of the, uh—for example, I give the example of firefighting school as the single best example. Oh, I almost forgot, because you earlier asked about one that the recruits would remember. They all remembered the tear gas chamber. All of them. And that’s another example of simulation, because, uh—well, for firefighting, of course, you would walk people through and train them in class about the basics of actual firefighting skills. Then you would walk them through donning the shipboard firefighting gear—boots, heavy jackets, facemask, oxygen breathing apparatus, this, that, and the other thing. Put them on fire hoses, put them into a building, and light controlled fires. Then have trained groups operate the hoses in order to work those. Firefighter is a major, major skill that is consistently trained onboard ships all the time. For the obvious reasons that you don’t call the fire department in the middle of the ocean. So [laughs] that’s kind of—so when you talk simulation, obviously there’s[sic] varying levels of simulation and varying degrees of realism. The more realistic you can make the—the training more effective it was. Does that answer that question for you? Barnes Yes. It does. Thank you. So when you left—you left in 1993? Kidd Yes. Barnes Was that your final year in the Navy or did you have another assignment? Kidd Oh. No. From there I went out to Guam. I was attached originally to a ship that was getting ready to be decommissioned. Um, the refrigerator services ship that was being decommissioned. A ton of fun. The ship was already 40 years old and, if you can imagine driving a car that’s 40 years old, now [laughs] drive a ship that’s 40 years old. It’s got a few miles on it. But, uh, one of the problems with a ship that’s 40 years old is that it’s got a lot of things on there that were older than 40 years old, including asbestos and this, that, and the other thing, so which I was part and parcel of discovering. So subsequent to that, I thought it was time to stop being Navy, and the Navy agreed with me, but fortunately it hasn’t killed me yet. Barnes Now did you return to this area immediately after leaving the Navy? Kidd No. Barnes Or you just settled here? Kidd Um, two years later, I returned here. I owned a home here I had bought. The fact of the matter is that Central Florida is a beautiful place in comparison to a lot of other places. Um, Orlando was a medium-sized city, uh, so it didn’t have quite the problems of the [Washington,] D.C. area or San Diego[, California], or some of the other places I lived at. Sun always shone and I had this odd thing about I was going to learn to play golf. That lasted about two days [laughs]. Barnes I can help you with that, if you decide to change your mind Kidd [laughs]. Barnes So what were your initial thoughts when you heard that NTC Orlando was closing? Kidd I wasn’t concerned about it at all. Um, largely because for me, my experiences in the Navy were pretty broad. Um, while many people—if you were career Navy and worked all the way through retirement, which would be 20 years, at least, uh, you were stationed at multiple commands. Lots of them. And that meant that things came and went—people you knew, people you were intense, great friends with for a short period of time. You lost track of shortly thereafter, simply because you were separated. So, uh, loosing Naval Training Center Orlando, largely because it wasn’t on the ocean anywhere—it was just a set of buildings—really wasn’t a whole lot different than any other set of buildings any other place. And of course, the Navy did not get rid of recruit training. They simply consolidated it all up in Michigan—or Illinois, rather. So it was never about the location. It was all about the process. Barnes What do you think is the Navy’s legacy to the Central Florida region? Kidd A lot of folks are unaware that Central Florida is the location of the second largest group of retired military—military retirees—in the nation. It tends to concentrate a lot of people here. The fact that we had the Navy base here for so long is really a very vital part of that. Um, and those retirees have a very strong commitment to the values they were trained in, and they live and work with those every day. They bring that as part of the palate of colors that is here in Central Florida. Um, people who have a strong memory of learning about responsibility, decency, reliability, ethics, in general, and that shared commitment—those shared values. They live here and there’s a lot of them. So the effect of that command, that physical base, and the people that worked there is something that will—that doesn’t only exist now, but it’s going to echo for quite a while. Um, that, uh, is something that the Orlando and Central Florida community should be very proud of and they should recognize that that contribution, while again, because we’re not located on the water, people don’t necessarily grasp. But for the number of retirees here, who came specially because—either returned because of that, or came because there was that presence here—the impact is really immeasurable. Barnes So as a former recruit commander, or as a former recruit, why do you think someone would want to come back? Or what do you think someone would like to see or be reminded of if they came and visited the Lone Sailor Memorial [Project]? Kidd Being. First place, there’s[sic] several Lone Sailor monuments throughout the nation, and this is a great location for them. And in the public mind, uh, whether you’ve been in the service or not, uh, that image is rather striking. It implies a lot of things. For the people who served, the people who were Navy and went through basic training—regardless of where they went, but specifically here in Orlando—it reminds them of a dramatic change in their lives where they took control of themselves and their destiny. They made that choice to say, “I don't want to do what I was doing. I’m going to be different.” And they learned a new value system. They learned to be part of a generations-old organization that had a history they could be proud of, and that they could carry with them and they could then share with their own friends, children, subsequent generation. It means a lot. It means a lot to a lot of people. and far more than just movies that no longer get watched [laughs]. The fact that we trained a lot of people—we sent a lot of people out to represent and defend the nation—some did not come back—needs to be remembered. We need to be reminded of why that happened. What those values where. And why they’re still important. Barnes Very good. Is there anything I missed that you think would be relevant either to the project or to your story? Kidd I appreciate that y’all took time to ask me the questions. No. I think we pretty much covered everything we'll do on camera. All [laughs] Barnes Well, very good. We appreciate your time. Kidd Not a problem. AFQT AFS-3 apprentice training Armed Forces Qualifying Test boiler technician boiler technicians boot camp boot camps Civil Rights Act Community Veterans History Project Congress CVHP E-1 E-6 E-7 E-9 Enlisted Rank 1 Enlisted Rank 6 Enlisted Rank 7 Enlisted Rank 9 Facebook Grinder Guam Naval Base John Paul Johnson, Lyndon B. Jones, John Paul Kidd, Scott T. Lone Sailor Memorial Committee Lone Sailor Memorial Project LPD-15 Lyndon Baines Johnson Maldonado, Fernando Naval Station Great Lakes Naval Training Center Command Naval Training Center Orlando Navy Memorial of Central Florida NS Great Lakes NTC Orlando nuclear power Nuclear Power Training Command orlando recessions recruit commanders recruit company commanders Recruit Training Command Orlando Richland, Washington RTC Orlando tear gas chambers U. S. Air Force U.S. Army U.S. Army Air Force U.S. Navy USS Blue Jacket USS Iowa USS Niagara Falls USS Ponce veterans https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f46cf5a2404c7eb68d0b59a14abed0b5.pdf 9eb48241393ef6f196ce80e01028d51d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection Alternative Title Lone Sailor Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Orlando (Fla.) United States. Navy Navy Sailors--United States Description Collection of digital images and oral histories related to the former Recruit Training Center Orlando (RTC Orlando) for the United States Navy. The training center transformed raw recruits into highly effective sailors. This process took place over an intensive eight-week training period, commonly referred to as "boot camp." RTC Orlando occupied roughly one half of the former Naval Training Center Orlando (NTC Orlando), which was located at present day Baldwin Park, Orlando, Florida. Between 1968 and 1994, over 650,000 men and women graduated from RTC Orlando. Contributor <a href="http://www.lonesailorfl.com/" target="_blank">Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project</a> <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/24" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Naval Training Center, Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.lonesailorfl.com/" target="_blank">Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project</a> <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/" target="_blank">About the Project</a>." UCF Community Veterans History Project, RICHES of Central Florida, University of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/. "<a href="http://cfnavyleague.org/lone-sailor/" target="_blank">The History</a>." Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project. http://cfnavyleague.org/lone-sailor/ "<a href="http://rtcorlando.homestead.com/" target="_blank">The History</a>." RTC Orlando. http://rtcorlando.homestead.com/. <a href="http://www.lonesailorfl.com/" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Barnes, Mark Interviewee Clark, Jeffrey Edward Location Shriners Temple, Maitland, Florida Original Format 1 Hi-8 Digital (DAT) audio/video recording Duration 33 minutes and 16 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 9980kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Jeffrey Edward Clark Alternative Title Oral History, Clark Subject Orlando (Fla.) Navy Sailors--United States Veterans--Florida Description An oral history of Jeffrey Edward Clark, former member of the U.S. Navy. This interview was conducted by Mark Barnes at the Shriners Temple in Maitland, Florida, on May 6, 2014. The interview was conducted as part of the UCF Community Veteran's History Project (CVHP) and background research for a memorial honoring the former Naval Training Center Orlando (NTC Orlando). Clark served in the Navy from 1985 until 1989. He attended recruit training in Orlando and also went to apprenticeship school at the base. He was a Signalman Petty Officer Third Class, Enlisted Rank 4, aboard the USS Richard E. Byrd DDG-23, which operated in the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Upon leaving the Navy, Clark returned to Orlando and attended the University of Central Florida. Table Of Contents 0:00:30 Biographical background 0:02:53 Decision to join the U.S. Navy 0:04:03 Attending boot camp at NTC Orlando 0:10:35 Naval training and assignments following boot camp 0:13:50 Apprenticeship school versus boot camp 0:17:25 Types of additional training offered at NTC Orlando 0:21:15 Shipboard Experiences 0:23:25 Life after the Navy 0:26:15 Lasting memories of naval experience 0:31:05 Legacy of NTC Orlando Abstract Oral history interview of Jeffrey Edward Clark. Interview conducted by Mark Barnes at Shriners Temple in Maitland, Florida. Type Moving Image Source <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/VET/id/270/rec/1" target="_blank">Clark, Jeffrey Edward</a>. Interviewed by Mark Barnes. UCF Community Veterans History Project. May 6, 2014. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank">Java</a> <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a>, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/109" target="_blank">Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection</a>, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Conforms To Standards established by the <a href="http://www.loc.gov/vets/" target="_blank">Community Veterans History Project (CVHP)</a>, Library of Congress. Coverage Flagler Palm Coast High School, Palm Coast, Florida Military Entrance Processing Center, Jacksonville, Florida Naval Training Center Orlando, Orlando, Florida South Orange Blossom Trail, Orlando, Florida Ponta Delgada, Azores Islands, Portugal Daytona Beach Community College, Daytona Beach, Florida University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Atlanta, Georgia Creator Barnes, Mark Clark, Jeffrey Edward Publisher <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/UniversityArchives/" target="_blank">Special Collections and University Archives</a>, University of Central Florida Libraries Contributor Hazen, Kendra <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a> <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Wiggins, Leanne Orleman, Andrew Date Created 2014-05-06 Date Copyrighted 2014-05-06 Format video/mov application/pdf Extent 2.38 GB 189 KB Medium 33-minute and 16-second Hi-8 Digital (DAT) audio/video recording 18-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mark Barnes and Jeffrey Edward Clark, and published by the University of Central Florida Libraries <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/UniversityArchives/" target="_blank">Special Collections and University Archives</a>. Rights Holder All rights are held by the respective holding institution. This material is posted publicly for non-profit educational uses, excluding printed publication. For permission to reproduce and/or for copyright information contact <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/UniversityArchives/" target="_blank">Special Collections and University Archives</a>, University of Central Florida Libraries, (407) 823-2576. http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/. Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a> Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalCollections/" target="_blank">UCF Digital Collections</a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Special Collections and University Archives</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.lonesailorfl.com/" target="_blank">The History</a>." Navy Memorial of Central Florida. http://www.lonesailorfl.com/. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="http://rtcorlando.homestead.com/" target="_blank">The History</a>." RTC Orlando. http://rtcorlando.homestead.com/. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/VET/id/270/rec/1" target="_blank">Oral History of Jeffrey Edward Clark</a> Has Format Digital transcript of original 33-minute and 16-second oral history: <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/VET/id/270/rec/1" target="_blank">Clark, Jeffrey Edward</a>. Interviewed by Mark Barnes. UCF Community Veterans History Project. May 6, 2014. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida. Transcript Barnes Today is Tuesday, May 6th, 2014. I'm interviewing Jeff[rey Edward] Clark, who served in the United States Navy. My name is Mark Barnes, and with me working the camera is Kendra Hazen. We're interviewing Mr. Clark as part of the UCF [University of Central Florida] Community Veterans History Project, and as research for the creation of the educational wall for the Lone Sailor Memorial [Project]. We are conducting this interview in Maitland, Florida. Mr. Clark, will you please just begin by telling us your name, where you were born—where and when you were born? Clark Sure. my name is Jeffrey Clark, and I am originally from East Hartford, Connecticut. I was born in Hartford, Connecticut, on January 31st, 1968. And in 1983, my family moved to Florida—to Flagler County in Palm Coast, where I attended Flagler Palm Coast High School. And then I did drop out of high school at the age of 17, and joined the Navy shortly after my 17th birthday, where I went through the Orlando Naval Training Center here.<a title="">[1]</a> Upon completion of my active duty, I returned to—I did obtain my GED (General Educational Development) while I was in the Navy. And then upon completion of my active duty, I did graduate from DBCC—Daytona Beach Community College—and then transferred and graduated at UCF. Major in economics and a minor in political science. Barnes Do you have any brother or sisters or parents you want to tell us about? Clark Sure. I have two sisters and both of them still reside here in Flagler County in Florida. And then my parents are still alive and live in Flagler County as well. My father—I come from a military family. sort of on the—Forrest Gump movie, I believe, where Lieutenant Dan has an ancestor that had fought in every major American war back to the colonial period. And I have that same line or lineage as well. Goes back to the Mayflower on my father's side. My father served in the Navy and went through Bainbridge, Maryland, for his boot camp, and then was aboard an aircraft carrier—the USS Chiwawa CV40. And my grandfather—his father—served in World War II. Uh, he was in the Army and was stationed in the Philippines. And then on my mother's side—my mother is also from—both my father and my mother are from Connecticut, as well. And my mother's side of the family—they were Italian immigrants. my grandfather immigrated in the 19—well, both my grandparents immigrated from Italy to the U.S. in the 1920s. And then when they were younger, obviously—and my mother was born in 1945 and my father was born in 1939. Barnes And did you join the Navy for any particular reason? Clark Actually, that was a bit of an interesting story. Now, one time, when I was around eight or nine years old, I filled out this application to inquire about the Navy out of a magazine or something like that. And, obviously, you could tell that a child wrote it. Well my father took it as a joke and mailed it in, and I always wanted to join the Navy for—I don't know, because I enjoyed history and my father was in the Navy. So my father mailed this application form in to send information about joining the Navy, and I received this letter from a captain in the Navy that said, you know, “Sorry,” you know, “but you're too young.” And he gave me a couple posters and some other items to say, “Here's some stuff to help you keep thinking Navy, and when you're old enough,” you know, “please come back." Well, pretty much came back at the minimum age possible, and I always wanted to join the Navy when I was a child. I think it was that TV commercial—“It's not just a job. it's an adventure.” Barnes So was the Navy a must for you? Clark Pretty much. yeah. [air conditioning unit comes on] Barnes So you said you attended boot camp in Orlando? Clark In Orlando, at the Naval Training Center. Barnes And was that by choice, or did they just tell you where to go? Clark Um, I would like to think it was by choice, because when I joined in this February—and having lived in Florida and being accustomed to the warm weather—I told the recruiter that I would go into the Navy now, if I could go to Orlando or San Diego, and not Great Lakes. Because there were three facilities for boot camp in the Navy—Great Lakes, San Diego, and Orlando, at that time. And I remember my father was very anxious. He said, “Well, you're going to go in now,” you know, “take him.” But somehow—luck, I would presume—I went through Orlando. Barnes We'll come back to this, but what were you trained to do for the Navy? What was your job? Or your jobs? Clark Initially, when I went in, I was a basic seaman recruit to do basic shipboard tasks, such as, you know, chipping paint and painting. and in the boats and bay field, sort of basic deck board duties. However, during the course of the time, I did become a signalman, which was communications and navigation, primarily with Morse code, with flashing lights—semaphore, as well. Barnes Semaphore? Clark In the flags. And that “A” school by the way. If I had entered the Navy as a signalman instead of a basic seaman recruit, the training for the Signalman School was here in Orlando, as well, at the Naval Training Center. Barnes We're going to circle back through your life as a recruit, and then we'll circle back through your life as a sailor. So when you first got to—your first day off the bus, so to speak, you know, what were some of the biggest adjustments you had to make going through? Clark Alright. I'm going to take a step back from the bus over to the Orlando Naval Training Center, since we're in the state of Florida. I'll keep us in the state of Florida. So, when you enter the military, you go to your recruiting office and you complete all that, and they, I presume, do the background checks—similar—probably similar to any new employment process, if you're hiring somebody. So one of the key things after you go through that, you have to go through what they call the “MEPs center”—Military Entrance Processing facility—and that was in Jacksonville. And up there you get an initial physical, and they determine if you're—kind of the final step—if you're worthy enough to go on active duty. So I went through that in Jacksonville, and I remember going through there and, for some reason, I had thought that I was not going to enter the Navy until the summertime. And this one naval chief overheard me say that, and he said, “What did you say?” And I said, “I’m not going on active duty until the summer.” I say, “I get to go home, you know, after I go through the MEPS process today.” and he said, “Oh, no you’re not. You’re going in tomorrow morning, and I’m going to personally see to it.” I guess I was talking out of line. So anyways[sic], we rode a bus from Jacksonville—and I remember I had to call my parents and say, “I’m not coming home.” [laughs] It was kind of sudden and quick. So we rode a bus from Jacksonville. and of course, we didn’t even take [Interstate] 95 and [Interstate] 4. It was like going on a Greyhound. I think it took about five hours to get there, because, you know, we went down, you know, [U.S. Route] 17, and then through Palatka, and all the back roads through there to get to Orlando. So we made it there, and they drop us off at the bus—at the bus area. And then you kind of get indoctrinated where you come in and you start to, initially—so the initial shock was like, “Wow. this is for real.” But you still had your civilian clothes and you still had your hair. And so—and then that way you—you got your assignment, you know, where your—what your company you're going to be, what building at the Orlando Naval Training Center would be your home for the course of boot camp. And then the next day was kind of, you know—the first couple days were kind of intrigue, you know—kind of getting indoctrinated. And you go through a health screen, you go through and get your hair cut, and your clothes and all that assigned, then you begin your boot camp. Barnes Do you have anything that stands out from your time? Clark Oh yes. Yeah. definitely. So, for example—and at this time I obviously had more hair than I do now—but I was very proud of my hair. You know, “pretty boys,” as they would say in the Navy. and when I got my head shaved, I didn't look at myself in a mirror for about five or six weeks. I remember I would feel it and be like, Oh. And luckily they didn't have mirrors or anything in the boot camp berthing area—you know, the living area. So I made a purpose not to look at myself. That was the biggest, biggest shock. The other shock that I had was I was going to have to learn how to fold clothes, because—kind of like out of a movie, where, you know, my mommy is able to wash, fold, and put my clothes away for me. But that changed, and I had to learn how to fold clothes. But I was a baseball player in high school and very physically active, so the physical nature of boot camp that everybody thinks about—the physical activity was really not an issue for me. I was already in pretty good shape from playing baseball and other physical activities. Clark Do you have any memories from when you graduated? Did your folks come down? Barnes Yes. As part of the process, there was a graduation ceremony. And, like, my family, including my father's parents—my grandparents—came down and they went to the graduation ceremony, and they were able to get a tour of the facility. And it’s like a parade ground, and they set up these bench area bleachers. and the families were able to watch us do our Pass and Review and hear the speeches from the—from Captain Nice, who was the Recruit Training Center commanding officer and NCS (National Call to Service) conductor of ceremony. Then afterwards, everybody went home. But, you know, we were able to meet up and, you know, it was good for my family to be there to see that. And that was, you know, an equivalent of like a high school graduation. I would say very similar, but you know dressed in military and military ceremony. Barnes When you graduated from boot camp, what was your next assignment? Clark Sure. upon graduating boot camp—boot camp lasted about eight and a half weeks. I actually entered active duty on February 26th, 1985, and then boot camp officially started March 1st. And, as I mentioned, those first couple of days were, you know, getting your hair cut, and getting your clothes, and getting indoctrinated. And then when I graduated, I started—I continued at the Orlando Naval Training Center. They did have additional training schools there. The one I went to is—when I entered the Navy, I entered the Apprenticeship Training Program. and that was open to individuals who wanted to focus on more of a general—kind of like a liberal arts, if you want to call it that—to compare it to college. So there was a Seaman Apprenticeship, a Firemen Apprenticeship, and an Air Apprenticeship. And then once you completed that training, then you would get assigned to a permanent duty station. So seamen went in to, you know—were eligible and did a cross-range of duties, such as, in the boatmen mate field, which is the deck duty. And then airmen, you know, went and supported, you know, aircraft either on carriers or as part of a detachment. And firemen kind of could go on ships, because they were the ones who worked down in what we called “the pit”—the boiler room and the engine rooms where the boiler technician rates and the machinist mates ran that. So I went through the Seaman Apprenticeship Training program. Barnes Were there certain classes you had to take, or do you know about the classes from the various—from the three places you just—the three schools you just described? Clark Yes. So basically how the Orlando Naval Training Center was set up is you kind of had—there were—if I remember—I think there were 10 buildings—10 or 12 buildings. And it was set up very, you know, military-style. On one end, you had sort of—and they were called—I forget what they were called. But there's like Building One, Building Two, etc. So on each end was kind of like the administrative offices, and then in between and in sequential order on each side, I think there was[sic] 12. There was[sic] 2 on the end, and five this way and five that way. And then on one side—and, in the middle, there was a divider, like a road that went through the middle. And on one side was strictly where boot camp was conducted. and on the other side is where the schools were conducted. They were the living quarters basically, or “berthing areas,” as they’re called in the Navy. And so I went through the Seaman Apprenticeship Training. It was a series of classroom training and on-the-job training. They did the USS Blue Jacket, which was there—which was a training, you know—simulation of a ship and so we would go perform for seamen apprenticeship training. You know, how to tie knots, how to tie up the ship, how to raise flags, and other things associated with the Seamen Apprenticeship. And then the fireman did similar things, where, you know, they went in and simulated what jobs they would do once they went to the fleet. And that apprenticeship training was approximately four weeks for that. Barnes How would you describe the relationship between your instructors on that side versus your instructors on... Clark Sure. Barnes The recruit side? Clark On the recruit side, the boot camp, you know, was very strict. Very boot camp. very structured. You know, very military. You know, “controlling” is—I guess, would be a way to describe it. You know, your day was fully planned. You, you know—we woke up at four A.M. We went, you know—we did some initial drills and then we have our set breakfast time. You know, Company 101’s breakfast was from say 5:00 to 5:30. You came back, you washed up, you know, brushed your teeth—whatever. Then you had set criteria of everyday what you would do. And most of it was practicing marching for your graduation ceremony, as well as other, you know, stuff that was boot camp related. You know, physical activity, swimming, firefighting drills that everybody needs to know for the military, and other basic stuff. Now this was a little bit more specialized, and it was, like I said, classroom and on-the-job training. I would say that there was a bit more freedom. It was like a 9-to-5 job. You know, you woke up, you started class at eight o'clock, you had lunch from 12 to 1, and you were free to go do what you want. In addition, I guess the big thing was—you were free on the weekends to go do whatever you wanted. Whereas in boot camp, you know, you were in boot camp and you were not allowed to leave. The only time that we left boot camp was after six weeks, we were granted what they called a “restricted liberty,” where it was kind of like an elementary school field trip. You know, like SeaWorld or [Walt] Disney [World], or somewhere like that. And it was very restricted. And, you know, it was covered. And then you had an unrestricted liberty, like the week before you graduated, and that’s where you could stay within the city of Orlando, and kind of go anywhere you want and you had to be back at a certain time. And I guess a story for this would be—everybody—all the instructors and the officers—would say South OBT [Orange Blossom Trail] is off limits, because it’s kind of a dodgy area. But of course, where does everybody go? South OBT.<a title="">[2]</a> So that’s pretty much where unrestricted liberty went. And then, like I said, during the apprenticeship training you were free to do[sic] on the weekend. and then I used to go home, you know. My mother would come pick me up or my father would come pick me up, and I’d visit my friends on the weekend, and then I had to be back Monday morning by eight o’clock to go to class. So it didn’t really matter, but I’d usually come back Sunday night, because we were still living in our living quarters. I guess the way I’d compare, you know, is boot camp was kind of like, you know, elementary school and high school. Very structured, very strict, limited. And apprenticeship training was more like college, where, “Hey, this is what you got to do,” you know, “Here's your times. the rest of that’s up to you.” Barnes Now you had—when you said you were living there, did you guys have apartments almost when you were an apprentice? Clark No. It was very—it was the same as what we had in boot camp. You know, the same structure. So basically it was an open area, like a barracks, and it was for enlisted. Now, officers tended to have the equivalent of more like the hotel or a small apartment, and they would usually share that with one other officer, depending on their rank. But general enlisted—and this even continued into the Navy with various living quarters on ships—whether you were enlisted or if you were chief, which was a senior enlisted person—kind of like middle management. Where if you were an officer, different living quarters. So it was an open area, and it had bunk beds and lockers for you to store your stuff. It was the same as in boot camp. Barnes Now, outside of the schools—the training schools—the command schools that you went to—do you have any recollection of the other schools that maybe were offered at the base? Clark Um, yes. from what I recall, because, as I went—during my time in the Navy, I went on, and—they call it “striking out”—I don't know why they call it that, because it’s actually a win ,you know—but basically, you get to move on from sort of a general, seaman apprenticeship-type role to a more specialized one. And I became a signalman, which was the shipboard flags communications and navigation, as well as communications with flashing lights via Morse code and semaphore. And the Signalman School was here in Orlando. And also—and then—so basically the school structure was as follows. You had the generalists, the Apprenticeship Training Program that I talked about that I went through. Then you had “A” schools, which was[sic] schools that were for a specific job in the Navy, whether you were a storekeeper, a signalman, or, you know, something like that. Then there were also “C” schools, and “C” schools were for very specialized skills which normally required and extended enlistment period, such as six years active duty. And so, during that time, people were kind of classified based on what their enlistment was that they signed up for. There were the 3-by-6s, which meant you were three years active and then six years of inactive reserves. Or IRR, right—“Inactive Readiness Reserves” I believe is the military term. There were 4-by-4s—and I was a 4-by-4—which meant four years active, four years inactive. And then there were the 6-by-2s, which were the specialty folks who went to extended training. They were six years active and then two years inactive reserves. Unless, of course, if they re-enlisted on active duty, then they would continue. And the key thing about “C” school was that, once you completed about a two-year classroom/on-the-job training program, you automatically became an E[nlisted Rank] 4—a petty officer third-class. We used to call those people “boot camp thirds.” Because, like, as you go through, you know, you'll be an E-1, E-2, E-3, and then E-4. whereas these guys automatically got credits, basically like college, you know—you got some free credits. So there were some “C” schools here, including the Nuclear Program was here, and the Signalman School was here, and I think—no. The Storekeeper School was in Mississippi. that wasn’t here. But from what I remember, Apprenticeship Training, Signalman, and there was, like, Fire Control Technicians, Radar Schools. Barnes Any other—anything else you think about—life off of base, special to base? Clark I guess just kind of life on the base. There was Navy Exchange, so if you were a retired naval person—and Florida accumulated a lot of, you know, a lot of retirees and a lot of military retirees, because of the history with Sanford and Orlando—so the Navy Exchange store was there. So if you were active duty or if you were retired military, you could do your shopping. In certain cases, get things a lot cheaper than out in the regular market. Other than that, it was pretty much, from what I remember, just a training facility. I remember there was a high school on—right on the outside of the base. Seemed like—sometimes we would joke like we were kind of in prison, you know, and you could see the freedom on the other side. I remember, you know, like we would be marching on the grinder and doing all these drills, and you'd look over and see these high school kids running track and field, or, you know, something like that at the high school, and you're thinking we're in prison, but… Barnes When you left Orlando, you boarded a ship? Clark Yes. Upon completion of my apprenticeship training course—a little bit more of the story here is I had a chief petty officer. I forget his name, but you received your orders where you went to go, and I was always kind of joking around a little bit with the chief. And sure enough, where I get stationed, but the same ship he had come from to the Orlando Naval Training Center. so I remember he told me it was going to be tough, and that he was gonna—he arranged to have me go to the USS Richard E. Bird TDG-23—guided missile destroyer—ported out of Norfolk, Virginia. And that's where I went. And, interesting enough, this chief I then met years later when I was attending UCF and I was working at NationsBank—now Bank of America. He was a customer in there, and I remember him when he came in. we chatted and caught up, and he was living out by UCF at the time, and he was a customer at the bank. But I caught my ship and I remember it was in the middle of deployment, towards the tail end of the North Atlantic—NATO [North Atlantic Treaty Organization] cruise. And I remember I had received my orders and I had to go there, and I had all my airplane tickets. They arranged and all that. And I looked on there and I'm like, Where is this place called Ponta Delgada? And there was no Internet in 1985, so I had to go look in the encyclopedia, and it was in the Azores Islands—Portuguese islands in the Atlantic Ocean. I remember I flew from Orlando to New York, and then caught airport to Lisbon[, Portugal], and had a couple night’s stay in Lisbon overnight, and then caught the flight to Ponta Delgada, where I caught my ship. And I still remember the first people I met, who I'm still in contact with today, on board my ship. Gary Hayne[sp], Kurt Kiesden[sp], and Alan Welch[sp] in particular, because I was assigned to deck division, and I was assigned to them.<a title="">[3]</a> And then from there, you know, I was assigned to the ship and that became my permanent duty station that I stayed at for the remainder of my term—three years and eight months. Barnes So you left the Navy when? Clark In February ’89. Four years active duty, and then served in the inactive reserves, which just meant if there's a call up, then you were subject. Barnes What did you end up doing when you left the Navy? Clark Okay. When I left the Navy, I started attended Daytona Beach Community College, which I think is now Daytona State College or something. and so I stayed in Flagler County and just did kind of odd jobs. I worked in a warehouse, primarily while I went to DBCC. And then I started working in the bank as a bank teller and then a sales and service rep[resentative]. And that actually worked out well, because, at the time, with the state, you could complete your first two years at a community college, then automatically transfer into any of the Florida state university system campuses. So I transferred to Orlando, because I worked at the bank it was quite an easy transfer to move over. So I started UCF in the Fall of ’93, after graduating from DBCC in the Spring of ’93. And then I graduated in Spring of ‘95 from UCF. And also, I guess, during the—some other good things—when I became a basic seaman apprenticeship and I was assigned to the deck division on board, besides just chipping paint and doing all the deck stuff, the favorite thing—and I still remember it today, and it was one of my favorite things—you know, I barely had my driver's license—but at age 17, I qualified as a helmsman, and I drove the ship. I was at the wheel, and I qualified to run the ship's engines—the lee helm. and I used to stay on lookout watch. So here I was at 17 years old—and I actually saw a video on YouTube, like a Navy video, and it shows, like, the 22-year-old guy says, “Yeah. this is my job.” He says the same thing. And I still remember to this day how to take the helm. You would go up—if you were to take the helm—let’s just say you’re at the wheel now—now I would walk up to the—well, I would first come to you and say, “Hey, what’s[sic] the coordinates? Where do you steer and where do you check in?”And that’s sort of the numbers from the compass of where—what direction you were going. I’d collect that, I’d go check what the speed was in knots, and then I would go up to the Officers’ Deck and salute, and he would say, “Officer of the deck, request permission to take the helm, steering course 225, checking 222 starboard unit, starboard cable, all engines ahead standard, 17 knot.” And the officer on deck would reply back and say, “Relieve the helm.” Then he would go over and then I would—I would take over. Yeah. it’s cool. Barnes Well I was getting ready to ask you, what were some of your favorite memories of the... Clark Oh, okay. alright. That’s a great one. Barnes Do you have another one there that... Clark Oh. Yeah. There’s[sic] plenty of them—and then really anything you tend to do, you know, in your life, it’s really about the people. And, you know, made some great friends. Still in contact with a lot them today. And lessons learned, you know, as a young kid—17 to 21, while I was in the Navy. And there’s a lot of memories, you know, of growing up doing stuff. And I guess another thing is—I was always kind of a prankster a little bit, and I used to come home on leave for spring break, so I could be with all my friends. And we'd go to Daytona [Beach] and all that. One time I went off-base and I got—the senior chief, Senior Chief Moses, who was in charge of deck division, who I worked for—his plan was, you know, you had to look like a sailor. He was very strict with inspections. Well, one time I was trying to sneak and I went off-base and I got what he would call a “pretty-boy haircut.” So I came back and sure enough someone told on me and he personally walked me down to the ship’s barber and butchered me or whatever. And so, as a retaliatory, I decided next day, I’m going to go put some red mousse in my hair and go stand inspection in front of him. Big mistake [laughs]. I remember he walked up to me, put his face in my face, and he goes, “Take your hat off, punk.” And he was this Texas—Texan guy. Big Texan guy. I took it off and I was smiling, and I wasn’t smiling much after that. He told me I had exactly two seconds to wash that “expletive” out of my hair or he was going to personally shave my head. [laughs] Let’s just say I jumped down the forward hatch and had the stuff out pretty quickly. [laughs] Barnes This kind of ties into this whole project that we’re doing and you mentioned it, but you made a lot of personal friends. You’re still in contact with them? Clark Yep. Yeah. Out on Facebook. They're all in on Facebook. We have our ships—we have a page of our ships, and so a lot of us connected through there, but even before that there was like a newsletter and some reunions that go. Because I was on an older ship that was commissioned in the early 60s and then decommissioned shortly after I left in 1990. So, you know, there’s[sic] 30 years of history pretty much with my ship that I was on. So the reunions—you have 30 years of people who served on board. So it’s quite large and extensive. And then I always try to make the effort to visit some of the folks. I travel extensively for my current job, and if I go to a city where one of those guys are, you know, we always try to meet up. And a lot of them are kind of joking when, you know, I first got connected with them, say on Facebook, and they say, “I can’t believe you’re this corporate guy in a suit. You’re the last guy we would have thought as a corporate guy in a suit.” Barnes Is this your first trip—you've been back to Orlando since? Clark Oh, yeah. And actually, I guess after I finished the Navy, I graduated from UCF, and then worked locally in Altamonte [Springs] at the Kirchman Corporation, which was a banking software company. And then I worked for Pro Systems in Maitland. and then I went to—on an assignment to Luxemburg in Europe. I was there for a couple years. and then I came back and I was on a project in San Francisco[, California]. And then—then this was 2001. So basically the time scale goes from exited active duty in ‘89, college until ‘95, Kirchman Corporation and Pro ‘96-‘97, Luxemburg from ‘98 to 2001, and then San Francisco for about a half a year. And then I came back to Maitland, and was working in Maitland and lived in Apopka from 2001 ‘till 2005, when I moved to Atlanta[, Georgia], and I've been in Atlanta since 2005. Barnes What do you think about all of the changes of the area that used to be the base? Clark You know, it’s kind of somewhat sad. There’s really nothing left there. Karla Novak was a personal friend of mine from when—from UCF days—gave me a tour around the Lone Sailor Foundation and the plans for that. And she showed me where the statue is going to be, you know, we’re kind of—both her and I went through there. So we were thinking this is—and she says, “Well, this is the old grinder.” and she was saying, “Remember we’d go over here and have to do these drills?” Well, now it’s this open grass area. or over there is the housing where our berthing area—but now Baldwin Park is there. So it’s somewhat sad to think that—and I'm kind of one that—I like to preserve history. I wouldn’t want to say you have to preserve the base as-is, but you know, I think how important and how many lives, you know, were shaped, such as mine, going through boot camp. You know, going from being a kid to being an adult basically. you know, that there’s really not much left there. Barnes Well, what do you think the legacy of the base is? Clark I would say the legacy of the base is going to be, you know, the individual experiences of the people that really went through there. I mean, there’s not much left to see of, you know—what was left there, what was done. It was, you know, a training facility, classroom, and on-the-job training basically. You know, so there’s not much left as far as what you think of the Navy. You know, ships or aircraft or weapons or anything like that. I really think it’s about personal experience. And everybody had a different experience. You know, what they went through there. Barnes As a returning sailor, what would want to see if you returned back to the area to see the memorial? I mean, what would resonate with you? Clark I think some pictures, you know, of the facility itself, you know. Kind of like, if you went into a museum, you like to see this was Orlando Naval Training Center was here from 1968 ‘till 1992, or something like that. Here’s the pictures and, you know, kind of what, you know—like for my boot camp book—went there, you know. There’s[sic] pictures in there that show the activities and kind of what went on there, and everything’s changed from, you know—boot camp is probably similar, but there’s a lot of changes, you know. And I think preserving the history and at least showing that, while we can—would be, you know, a good thing. You know, to show there with the Lone Sailor—the Lone Sailor is a great thing to—to reflect their—well, I think any memorabilia or, you know, pictures that show at one point in time this is what was here and quantify it. You know, x-number of people went through during this time who were the commanding officers, you know, kind of like any similar memorials or stuff like that. Barnes That’s about all I have. Is there anything that we missed that you’d like to add or a story you'd like to share? Clark I think I pretty much covered everything. You know, that was my time here in Orlando at the Naval Training Center for boot camp and then kind of post activities. So I think we've pretty much covered the full spectrum of your questions there, so. Barnes Okay. Well, thank you very much. Clark Thank you. I'm glad to help. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> The Orlando Naval Training Center will occasionally be referred to throughout the interview as “NTC Orlando.” </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> South OBT refers to a portion of U.S. 441, known as Orange Blossom Trail in parts of Orlando, Florida. </div> <div> <a title="">[3]</a> Note that names are spelt as they sound and may not be accurate. </div> </div> active duty Air Apprenticeship Training airman airmen Apopka apprentices apprenticeship schools Apprenticeship Training Program Atlanta, Georgia Atlantic Ocean Azores Islands Bainbridge Baldwin Park Bank of America bank tellers Barnes, Mark basic seaman recruits berthing areas boot camp boot camps chief petty officer chief petty officers Clark, Jeffrey Edward Community Veterans History Project Company 101 CVHP Dan Taylor Daytona Beach Community College DBCC deck divisions deployment E-1 E-2 E-3 E-4 East Hartford, Connecticut Enlisted Rank 1 Enlisted Rank 2 Enlisted Rank 3 Enlisted Rank 4 Facebook Fire Control Technicians firefighters fireman firemen Firemen Apprenticeship Training Flagler County Flagler Palm Coast High School Forrest Gump Greyhound guided missile destroyers Hayne, Gary Hazen, Kendra helmsman helmsmen I-4 I-94 immigrants Inactive Readiness Reserves inactive reserves Interstate 4 Interstate 95 IRR Italian immigrants Italians Kiesden, Kurt Kirchman Corporation lee helms Lieutenant Dan Lone Sailor Foundation Lone Sailor Memorial Committee Lone Sailor Memorial Project Luxemburg Maitland Mayflower Mediterranean Sea Mediterranean Squadron MEP Military Entrance Processing Morse code Moses NationsBank NATO Naval Training Center Orlando Navy Exchange Navy Memorial of Central Florida Nice, France Norfolk, Virginia North Atlantic North Atlantic Squadron North Atlantic Treaty Organization Novak, Karla NTC Orlando Nuclear Program OBT officers Orange Blossom Trail Orleman, Andrew Palm Coast Petty Officer Petty Officers Philippines Ponta Delgada, Portugal Pro Systems Radar School recruit training recruits sailors sales representatives San Francisco, California Seaman Apprenticeship Training seamen semaphore service representatives Shriners Temple signalman Signalman School signalmen Storekeeper School U.S. Army U.S. Navy U.S. Route 17 U.S. Route 441 U.S.S Richard E. Byrd DDG-23 UCF University of Central Florida US-17 US-441 USS Bluejacket USS Chiwawa CV40 USS Richard E. Bird TDG-23 veterans Welch, Alan Wiggins, Leanne World War II WWII YouTube https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3611d0b11871ba52632756dded22ce0b.jpg c838d3a141fee9872290f778262d2ddb https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6fb7d3099b3bd650a26f5a9b104cf5f5.jpg 6f8dd5b54b2c66a424c394dd868c0a5b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Remembered Collection Alternative Title Orlando Remembered Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Information Center, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orlando Public Library, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orlando Regions Bank, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://thehistorycenter.org/Orlando+Remembered+Committee/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc.</a>" Orange County Regional History Center. http://orlandoremembered.org/. "<a href="http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/" target="_blank">The Historic Icons of Orlando</a>." Orlando Remembered. http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/. Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc. Orlando Remembered was created to in response to the proposed demolition of the San Juan Hotel at the northwest corner of Orange Avenue and Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida. Orlando Remembered began creating exhibits to "showcase artistic renderings of the time depicted, with artifacts and historical memorabilia from the location in an effort to preserve the memory of Orlando's history while acknowledging the potential of the City's future." In the Summer Semester of 2014, UCF history intern Rachel Williams digitized two of the exhibits created by Orlando Remembered. In the Fall Semester of 2014, Dr. Anne Lindsay's undergraduate class will be digitizing several more of the many exhibits in Downtown Orlando. Contributor <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Herrera, Angelena Jeffries, Andrew W. Lindsay, Anne Randall, Robert Williams, Rachel Williamson, Ryan Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/126" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Information Center Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/110" target="_blank">Orlando Public Library Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/111" target="_blank">Orlando Regions Bank Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Remembered Exhibits at the Orlando City Hall Alternative Title Orlando Remembered Exhibits at Orlando City Hall Subject Orlando (Fla.) City halls--United States Description Two exhibits, produced by Orlando Remembered, showing objects from the Orlando City Hall, located at 400 South Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida. These exhibits house objects relating to Orlando's municipal government. The current building opened in July of 1991. The former city hall was located directly in front of current building and was in operation from 1958 to 1991. The exhibit features photographs and memorabilia from past Orlando mayors dating back to 1932. Orlando Remembered is a community based group, dedicated to the preservation of Downtown Orlando's past. To date, the group has constructed 18 exhibits in the downtown area that highlight the current building's connection to the past. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Mark Barnes, January 12, 2016. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/173" target="_blank">Orlando City Hall Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Orlando City Hall, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Barnes, Mark Date Created 2016-01-12 Format image/jpg Extent 2 MB 186 KB Medium 2 color digital images Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mark Barnes. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project Orlando Remembered Curator Barnes, Mark Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Orlando Remembered External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. A/C air conditioning airplanes badges batons billy clubs billy sticks blackjacks city commissioners city councils city governments city halls City of Orlando cops cosh coshes Downtown Orlando fire alarms gavels George A. Baker, Jr. groceries grocery stores handcuffs heating horns Howard Grocery Company instruments keys law enforcement municipal governments nightsticks Orlando City Commission Orlando City Council Orlando City Hall Orlando Remembered planes police officers saps truncheons Wilbur H. Strickland https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c6134242d02ee654da9aa242e1bc9546.jpg f639ba703bd28ccb96622e6b7bf68d5a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Remembered Collection Alternative Title Orlando Remembered Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Information Center, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orlando Public Library, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orlando Regions Bank, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://thehistorycenter.org/Orlando+Remembered+Committee/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc.</a>" Orange County Regional History Center. http://orlandoremembered.org/. "<a href="http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/" target="_blank">The Historic Icons of Orlando</a>." Orlando Remembered. http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/. Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc. Orlando Remembered was created to in response to the proposed demolition of the San Juan Hotel at the northwest corner of Orange Avenue and Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida. Orlando Remembered began creating exhibits to "showcase artistic renderings of the time depicted, with artifacts and historical memorabilia from the location in an effort to preserve the memory of Orlando's history while acknowledging the potential of the City's future." In the Summer Semester of 2014, UCF history intern Rachel Williams digitized two of the exhibits created by Orlando Remembered. In the Fall Semester of 2014, Dr. Anne Lindsay's undergraduate class will be digitizing several more of the many exhibits in Downtown Orlando. Contributor <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Herrera, Angelena Jeffries, Andrew W. Lindsay, Anne Randall, Robert Williams, Rachel Williamson, Ryan Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/126" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Information Center Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/110" target="_blank">Orlando Public Library Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/111" target="_blank">Orlando Regions Bank Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Remembered Exhibit at the Orange County Courthouse Alternative Title Orlando Remembered Exhibit at Orange County Courthouse Subject Orlando (Fla.) Courthouses--Florida Hotels--Florida Description This exhibit, produced by Orlando Remembered, shows objects from the Orange County Courthouse, located at 425 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida. Included in the exhibit are objects from the Wyoming Hotel, which once stood at the location presently occupied by the Orange County Courthouse. The hotel operated from 1904 to 1959 and was a popular resort for northern tourists visiting the area during the winter. Orlando Remembered is a community based group, dedicated to the preservation of Downtown Orlando's past. To date, the group has constructed 18 exhibits in the downtown area that highlight the current building's connection to the past. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Mark Barnes, January 12, 2016. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/174" target="_blank">Orange County Courthouse Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Wyoming Hotel, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orange County Courthouse, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Barnes, Mark Date Created 2016-01-12 Format image/jpg Extent 200 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mark Barnes. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project Orlando Remembered Curator Barnes, Mark Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. chairs courthouses cups Downtown Orlando Enzor's glass glasses glassware homes hotels houses lighters Orange County Courthouse Orlando Remembered phones plates shakers smoking spoons tableware telephones Wyoming Hotel https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f0146295a408a77720a154a3c9ac340e.jpg 3131de91976cf8d599f91c93c0fc517d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Remembered Collection Alternative Title Orlando Remembered Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Information Center, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orlando Public Library, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orlando Regions Bank, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://thehistorycenter.org/Orlando+Remembered+Committee/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc.</a>" Orange County Regional History Center. http://orlandoremembered.org/. "<a href="http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/" target="_blank">The Historic Icons of Orlando</a>." Orlando Remembered. http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/. Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc. Orlando Remembered was created to in response to the proposed demolition of the San Juan Hotel at the northwest corner of Orange Avenue and Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida. Orlando Remembered began creating exhibits to "showcase artistic renderings of the time depicted, with artifacts and historical memorabilia from the location in an effort to preserve the memory of Orlando's history while acknowledging the potential of the City's future." In the Summer Semester of 2014, UCF history intern Rachel Williams digitized two of the exhibits created by Orlando Remembered. In the Fall Semester of 2014, Dr. Anne Lindsay's undergraduate class will be digitizing several more of the many exhibits in Downtown Orlando. Contributor <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Herrera, Angelena Jeffries, Andrew W. Lindsay, Anne Randall, Robert Williams, Rachel Williamson, Ryan Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/126" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Information Center Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/110" target="_blank">Orlando Public Library Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/111" target="_blank">Orlando Regions Bank Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Remembered Exhibit at Howard Middle School Alternative Title Orlando Remembered Exhibit at Howard Middle Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools--United States Middle schools--Florida Description This exhibit, produced by Orlando Remembered, shows objects from Howard Middle School, located at 800 East Robinson Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida. This exhibit shows objects from what was Orlando High School from 1927 to 1952, and then Howard Middle School from 1953 to the present. These schools had many famous alumni, including movie star Buddy Ebsen (1908-2003) and astronaut John Young (1930-). The exhibit features sports, academic, and club related memorabilia from the early days of the school. Orlando Remembered is a community based group, dedicated to the preservation of Downtown Orlando's past. To date, the group has constructed 18 exhibits in the downtown area that highlight the current building's connection to the past. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Mark Barnes, January 12, 2016. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/175" target="_blank">Howard Middle School Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Orlando High School, Downtown Orlando, Florida Howard Middle School, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Barnes, Mark Date Created 2016-01-12 Format image/jpg Extent 189 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mark Barnes. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project Orlando Remembered Curator Barnes, Mark Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Orlando Remembered External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. diplomas Downtown Orlando football high schools Howard Middle School mascots middle schools Orlando High School Orlando Remembered tassels The Tiger Rag tigers yearbooks https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/14540008e2f4ef671439c92969ee08e3.jpg 137c0313eae97525336f6bb2a97b4d3e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Remembered Collection Alternative Title Orlando Remembered Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Information Center, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orlando Public Library, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orlando Regions Bank, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://thehistorycenter.org/Orlando+Remembered+Committee/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc.</a>" Orange County Regional History Center. http://orlandoremembered.org/. "<a href="http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/" target="_blank">The Historic Icons of Orlando</a>." Orlando Remembered. http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/. Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc. Orlando Remembered was created to in response to the proposed demolition of the San Juan Hotel at the northwest corner of Orange Avenue and Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida. Orlando Remembered began creating exhibits to "showcase artistic renderings of the time depicted, with artifacts and historical memorabilia from the location in an effort to preserve the memory of Orlando's history while acknowledging the potential of the City's future." In the Summer Semester of 2014, UCF history intern Rachel Williams digitized two of the exhibits created by Orlando Remembered. In the Fall Semester of 2014, Dr. Anne Lindsay's undergraduate class will be digitizing several more of the many exhibits in Downtown Orlando. Contributor <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Herrera, Angelena Jeffries, Andrew W. Lindsay, Anne Randall, Robert Williams, Rachel Williamson, Ryan Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/126" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Information Center Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/110" target="_blank">Orlando Public Library Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/111" target="_blank">Orlando Regions Bank Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Remembered Exhibit at Rutland's Alternative Title Orlando Remembered Exhibit at Rutland's Subject Orlando (Fla.) Retail industry Stores, Retail Description This exhibit, produced by Orlando Remembered, shows objects from Rutland's, located at 111 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida. The original building, located at 63 North Orange Avenue, was constructed in 1940 by Joe Rutland. Over the years, the building was home to the Sears &amp Roebuck Company's downtown store, which closed in 1974. The current, 21-story structure was built in 1986 and is known as the Regions Bank. Orlando Remembered is a community based group, dedicated to the preservation of Downtown Orlando's past. To date, the group has constructed 18 exhibits in the downtown area that highlight the current building's connection to the past. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Mark Barnes, January 12, 2016. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/176" target="_blank">Rutland's Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Sears, Roebuck & Company, Downtown Orlando, Florida Rutland's, Downtown Orlando, Florida Regions Bank, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Barnes, Mark Date Created 2016-01-12 Format image/jpg Extent 182 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mark Barnes. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project Orlando Remembered Curator Barnes, Mark Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Orlando Remembered External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. Associated Radio Store Buck, Bob Cathedral Church of St. Luke Denmark's Sporting Goods Downtown Orlando Frigidaire Fulford Van & Storage Company Gibbs-Louis, Inc. Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc. Jefferson Street Kiddie Korner Kiddie Shoppe Magnolia Avenue Main Street Main Street Market Orange Avenue Orlando Remembered Regions Bank retail Rutland's Sears, Roebuck and Company shops St. James Catholic Cathedral Stohl, Jim stores Washington Street https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d87856b215313b8712c8383194f9f2f4.jpg 8abae000299612df580fc6c07bb13bca Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Remembered Collection Alternative Title Orlando Remembered Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Information Center, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orlando Public Library, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orlando Regions Bank, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://thehistorycenter.org/Orlando+Remembered+Committee/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc.</a>" Orange County Regional History Center. http://orlandoremembered.org/. "<a href="http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/" target="_blank">The Historic Icons of Orlando</a>." Orlando Remembered. http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/. Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc. Orlando Remembered was created to in response to the proposed demolition of the San Juan Hotel at the northwest corner of Orange Avenue and Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida. Orlando Remembered began creating exhibits to "showcase artistic renderings of the time depicted, with artifacts and historical memorabilia from the location in an effort to preserve the memory of Orlando's history while acknowledging the potential of the City's future." In the Summer Semester of 2014, UCF history intern Rachel Williams digitized two of the exhibits created by Orlando Remembered. In the Fall Semester of 2014, Dr. Anne Lindsay's undergraduate class will be digitizing several more of the many exhibits in Downtown Orlando. Contributor <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Herrera, Angelena Jeffries, Andrew W. Lindsay, Anne Randall, Robert Williams, Rachel Williamson, Ryan Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/126" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Information Center Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/110" target="_blank">Orlando Public Library Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/111" target="_blank">Orlando Regions Bank Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Remembered at the SunTrust Center Alternative Title Orlando Remembered at SunTrust Center Subject Orlando (Fla.) Banks and banking--Florida Description This exhibit, produced by Orlando Remembered, shows objects from the SunTrust Center, located at 200 South Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida. This exhibit features items from previous occupants of the block, including Albert's Drug Store and the First National Bank. F. L. Morse, president of the First National Bank, purchased the block in March of 1934 for $25,000. In 1973, First National merged with 26 other local banks to form Sun Banks. The current 25-story building was opened in 1988 and is the tallest building in Orlando. Orlando Remembered is a community based group, dedicated to the preservation of Downtown Orlando's past. To date, the group has constructed 18 exhibits in the downtown area that highlight the current building's connection to the past. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Mark Barnes, January 12, 2016. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/177" target="_blank">SunTrust Center Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage First National Bank, Downtown Orlando, Florida SunTrust Center, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Barnes, Mark Date Created 2016-01-12 Format image/jpg Extent 293 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mark Barnes. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project Orlando Remembered Curator Barnes, Mark Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Orlando Remembered External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. Albert's Drug Store banks Downtown Orlando drugstores First National Bank Orlando Remembered Sun Banks SunTrust Center https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2bfd8c26ea8819948b84180533d58942.pdf 9fa571c4eb062ee52b9868dda2348aba Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Postcard Collection Alternative Title Postcard Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Osceola County (Fla.) Winter Park (Fla.) Lake Wales (Fla.) Longwood (Fla.) Description Collection of postcards from the private collection of Thomas Cook. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Contributor Cook, Thomas Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/102" target="_blank">Thomas Cook Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Kissimmee, Florida Lake Wales, Florida Longwood, Florida Orlando, Florida Winter Park, Florida Rights Holder All items in the <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/102" target="_blank">Thomas Cook Collection</a> are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Thomas Cook External Reference Antequino, Stephanie Gaub, and Tana Mosier Porter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783150094" target="_blank">Lost Orlando</a> Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2012. "<a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Historic District Walking Tour</a>." City of Orlando. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Smith, Margaret. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51888803" target="_blank">The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 2002. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color postcard Physical Dimensions 3.5 x 5.5 inch Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Bok Tower Postcard Alternative Title Bok Tower Postcard Subject Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.) Bok, Edward William, 1863-1930 Postcards--Florida Botanical gardens--Florida--Orlando Bird sanctuaries Carillons--United States Description Postcard sent in 1938 showing the Magnificent Singing Tower at the Bok Tower Gardens, located at 1151 Tower Boulevard in Lake Wales, Florida. Edward Bok retired to the town of Lake Wales, located south of Orlando. Bok set out a plan to establish a natural garden and bird sanctuary where people to visit to quietly enjoy nature. He engaged Frederick Law Olmstead, Jr. to design the grounds and asked architect Milton B. Medary to design and build a carillon tower. Lee Lawrie, a noted sculptor from New York, designed the elaborate marble sculpture that adorns the tower. Work was completed in 1928, and on February 1, 1929, President Calvin Coolidge dedicated the Sanctuary. Edward Bok died less than a year later in 1930 and was buried at the foot of the tower. The tower and the carillon housed inside is Bok Tower Gardens' most distinctive feature.The carillon consists of sixty bells, ranging in size from sixteen pounds to just under twelve tons. The bells are played like an organ with the keys connected to the clappers of each bell. Bok Tower has had only three regular carillonneurs in its more than seventy years. The Sanctuary's first carillonneur was Anton Brees, serving as the only carillonneur from 1928 until 1967. Milford Myhre has been the resident carillonneur since 1968. William De Turk has been the assistant carillonneur since 1993. De Turk is also the librarian of the Anton Brees Carillon Library, which is reportedly the largest and most comprehensive carillon library in the world. Creator Barnhill, E. G. C. T. Curt Teich & Company, Inc. Source Original 3.5 x 5.5 inch color postcard by E. G. Barnhill and C. T. Curt Teich & Company, Inc., 1938: Florida Post Card Company, Jacksonville, Florida: Private Collection of Thomas Cook. Publisher Florida Post Card Company Date Created 1938 Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 3.5 x 5.5 inch color postcard by E. G. Barnhill and C. T. Curt Teich & Company, Inc., 1938: Florida Post Card Company, Jacksonville, Florida Is Part Of Private Collection of Thomas Cook. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/103">Postcard Collection</a>, Thomas Cook Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Requires <a href='http://www.adobe.com/reader.html' target='_blank'>Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Format application/pdf Extent 803 KB Medium 3.5 x 5.5 inch color postcard Language eng Type Still Image Coverage Lake Wales, Florida Spatial Coverage 27.935373, -81.57751 Temporal Coverage 1938-01-01/1938-12-31 Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by E. G. Barnhill and Curt Teich & Company, Inc. and published by the Florida Post Card Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the E. G. Barnhill and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php" target="_blank">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cook, Thomas Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Thomas Cook External Reference "Our History." Bok Tower Gardens. http://boktowergardens.org/tower-gardens/our-history/. "Bok Tower Gardens." Floridata. http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). Bok Tower Gardens. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 1981. Bok Tower Gardens (Lake Wales, Fla.). The Bok Tower Gardens Newsletter. Lake Wales, FL: The Gardens, 1980. Smith, Margaret. The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 2002. External Reference Title "<a href="http://boktowergardens.org/tower-gardens/our-history/" target="_blank">Our History</a>" "<a href="http://www.floridata.com/tracks/GardenGallery/bok/bok1.cfm" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a>" <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49907961" target="_blank">Bok Tower Gardens</a> <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/24131437" target="_blank">The Bok Tower Gardens Newsletter</a> <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51888803" target="_blank">The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years</a> Transcript 13 THE MAGINFICENT SINGING TOWER, LAKE WALES, FLA. COPYRIGHT BY E. G. BARNHILL Lun[?] March 6 Dear Harry We arrived at Lake Wales last eve got a comfortable room and came [?] this beautiful this afternoon to hear the Bells at 8 o'clock which will be soon. We will stay here tonight and have an early start for Vero Beach we are having a wonderful time seeing lots of thing. Lovingly Nathan[?] Mr. J. Harry Clanahan 302- 1st Nat'l[?] Bank Bld. East St. Louis, Illinois Date Copyrighted 1938 Date Issued 1938 Contributor Cook, Thomas Anton Brees Carillon Library Barnhill, E. G. Bok Tower Gardens Bok, Edward W. Brees, Anton C. T. Curt Teich & Co. C. T. Curt Teich & Company C. T. Curt Teich & Company, Inc. Cook, Thomas De Turk, William Florida Post Card Co. Florida Post Card Company Lawrie, Lee Medary, Milton B. Myhre, Milford Olmstead, Frederick Law, Jr. Singing Tower https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f8fa3e83f0647e619486e5db49191f3b.pdf e96bec059d042b4bc555243c48d92a27 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection Alternative Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Subject Cemeteries--Europe Veterans--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Army Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. <a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Florida-France Soldier Stories Project</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Dinozé, France Contributing Project Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War</a>." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015). Description The Florida-France Soldier Storiesproject seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Thunderbirds Finish First Year of Battle Alternative Title Thunderbirds First Year of Battle Subject World War II, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Description A newspaper article from 45th Division News, a publication for the U.S. Army's 45th Infantry Division of the 157th Infantry Regiment. The 45th Infantry Division was part of the Oklahoma Army National Guard, with its members fighting in World War II and the Korean War. The division took part in the Allied invasion of Sicily and the attack on Salerno in the Italian Campaign in 1943, followed by the Battle of Anzio and the Battle of Monte Cassino in 1944. During Operation Dragoon, the 45th Division landed in southern France in latter half of 1944. In 1945, the 45th joined other forces for the Western Allied invasion of Germany, ending the European Theatre of World War II when Germany surrendered in May. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Barrett, Bill. "Thunderbirds Finish First Year of Battle." 45th Division News, Vol. IV, No. 44, July 8, 1944: <a href="http://45thdivisionmuseum.com/" target="_blank">45th Infantry Division Museum</a>, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: Private Collection of Linda Hughes. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/172" target="_blank">Epinal American Cemetery Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Barrett, Bill. "Thunderbirds Finish First Year of Battle." 45th Division News, Vol. IV, No. 44, July 8, 1944. Coverage Italy Creator Barrett, Bill Publisher 45th Division News Date Created ca. 1944-07-09 Date Issued 1944-07-09 Date Copyrighted 1944-07-09 Format application/pdf Extent Medium 2-page newspaper article Language eng Audience Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Bill Barrett and published by 45th Division News. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://45thdivisionmuseum.com/" target="_blank">45th Infantry Division Museum</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial Project Curator Bates, Christian Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Linda Hughes External Reference "<a href="http://www.45thdivision.org/history.htm" target="_blank">History of the 45th Infantry Division.</a>" 45th Infantry Division Museum. http://www.45thdivision.org/history.htm. 157th Infantry Regiment 45th Division News 45th Infantry Division Adolf Hitler Albano Laziale, Italy Albano, Italy Allied Invasion of Sicily Anzio Express Anzio, Italy Apennine Mountains Apennines Autostrada A18 Balso River battalions Battle of Anzio Battle of Edson's Ridge Battle of the Bloody Ridge, Battle of Raiders Ridge Battle of the Caves Battle of the Ridge battles Benevento, Italy Bill Barrett Biscari Airfield Bloody Basin Bob Hope British Army Caltanisetta, Italy Castello d'Alife Cefalu, Italy Cerda, Italy Comiso Airfield Comiso, Italy Eboli, Italy Faicchio, Italy fascists Fifth United States Army Frances Langford Gela, Italy German Army Germans Guardia, Italy Gulf of Naples Gulf of Salerno Hermann Goering Hermann Göring Hermann Wilhelm Goering Hermann Wilhelm Göring Italian Army Italian Campaign Italians Julia Frances Langford Leslie Townes Hope Messina, Italy Naples, Italy Oliveto Citra, Italy Operation Husky Operation Shingle Paestum, Italy Palermo, Italy Piedmonte, Italy Plain of Persano Pozzilli, Italy Presenzano, Italy Quaglietta, Italy Rome, Italy Salerno, Italy San Potito Sannitico, Italy Santa Croce Camerina, Italy Santo Lampiano, Italy Scogliti, Italy Seventh United States Army Siciliana, Italy soldiers T3d Infantry Division Thunderbirds troops Tuso River U.S. Army USA Velletri, Italy Venafro, Italy Ventotene, Italy veterans Vittoria, Italy Volturino, Italy Wehrmacht White Lines World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/aef8454a2385e8de9798d7c748c0929e.jpg b6d99694e82e96eb2c3461d64635abab Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sanford Riverfront Collection Description The Sanford Riverfront Collection consists of images depicting the history and significance of Lake Monroe and the St. Johns River to the City of Sanford, Florida. The waterways that surround Sanford have provided transportation, commerce, defense, and leisure activities for the city's citizens and visitors since its creation in 1877. Contributor <a href="http://www.thehistorycenter.org/research/library" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/index.html" target="_blank">Sanford Historical Society, Inc.</a> <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> <a href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a> Alternative Title Riverfront Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Lake Monroe (Seminole County and Volusia County, Fla.) Riverfronts Waterfronts--Florida Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Curator Marra, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference The Seminole Herald. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52633016" target="_blank">Sanford: Our First 125 Years</a>. [Sanford, FL]: The Herald, 2002. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 black and white photoprint Physical Dimensions 4 x 5 inch Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Palm Trees Along U.S. Highway 17 Alternative Title U.S. Highway 17 Subject Waterfront Districts Lakes & ponds Lake Monroe (Seminole County and Volusia County, Fla.) Roads Sanford (Fla.) Description U.S. Route 17 in Sanford, Florida, in 1958. U.S. 17 begins in Punta Gorda, briefly runs east, and then goes north along Peace River through Arcadia, Zolfo Springs, and Wauchula. The road then joins U.S. Highway 98 at Fort Meade and continues northward until Bartow, when it separates to travel northeast. At Winter Haven, U.S. Route 17 becomes concurrent with U.S. Route 92 through Kissimmee, where both highways join U.S. Route 192. When all three roads meet U.S. Route 441, U.S. 17-92 turns north into Downtown Orlando and then splits from U.S. 441 at Florida State Road 50 (Colonial Drive) and continues east until it turns north at Florida State Road 15 (Mills Avenue). In Sanford, U.S. 17-92 crosses over the St. Johns River into Volusia County and then splits north of DeLand as U.S. 17 travels north toward Palatka, again crossing the St. Johns River. The highway then continues through Clay County, suburban Jacksonville, and Nassau County until it reaches the Florida border. The entire highway spans across Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia. Creator Barron, Charles Source Original 4 x 5 inch black and white photoprint by Charles Barron, January 1958: Department of Commerce Collection, call number C026666, Florida Photographic Collection, <a title="State Archives of Florida" href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a>, Tallahassee, Florida. Publisher <a title="State Archives of Florida" href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a> Date Created 1958-01 Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 4 x 5 inch black and white photoprint by Charles Barron on Florida Memory Project: Department of Commerce Collection, call number C026666, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida. <a title="Palm trees along U.S. Highway 17 - Sanford, Florida" href="http://floridamemory.com/items/show/75113" target="_blank">http://floridamemory.com/items/show/75113</a>. Format image/jpeg Extent 65 KB Medium 4 x 5 inch black and white photoprint Language eng Type Still Image Coverage Sanford, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.816397, -81.284907 Temporal Coverage 1958-01-01/1958-01-31 Accrual Method Deposit Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a title="State Archives of Florida" href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a>, and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a title="Florida Memory Project" href="http://www.floridamemory.com/" target="_blank">Florida Memory Project</a> <a title="RICHES MI" href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a title="State Archives of Florida" href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank">State Library and Archives of Florida</a> External Reference Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). Sanford. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. External Reference Title <a title="Sanford" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a> Is Part Of <a title="Department of Commerce Collection" href="http://floridamemory.com/photographiccollection/collections/?id=6" target="_blank">Department of Commerce Collection</a>, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/10" target="_blank">Sanford Riverfront Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Audience Education Level SS.K.A.1.2; SS.1.A.1.1; SS.2.A.1.1; SS.3.A.1.1; SS.3.A.1.2; SS.4.A.1.1; SS.5.A.1.1; SS.6.W.1.3; SS.8.A.1.2; SS.8.A.1.5; SS.912.A.1.2; SS.912.A.1.4 SS.912.W.1.3 Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and owned by Charles Barron. Highway 17 Highway 17-92 palm trees riverfront Seminole Boulevard U.S. 17 U.S. 17-92 U.S. Highway 17 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3d00a3f428e69f46dbac6fd2c64eda2b.jpg 73303b09ab57009dd63bd31ba4b8236e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Art Legends of Orange County Collection Alternative Title Art Legends Collection Subject Art--Southern States Artists--Florida Contributor <a href="http://www.polasek.org/" target="_blank">Albin Polasek Museum & Sculpture Gardens</a> <a href="http://www.orangecountyfl.net/" target="_blank">Orange County Commission Chambers</a> <a href="http://www.cityoforlando.net/arts/" target="_blank">City of Orlando Gallery</a> <a href="http://www.orlandoslice.com/group/cityartsfactory" target="_blank">CityArts Factory</a> <a href="http://artandhistory.org/" target="_blank">Art & History Museums - Maitland</a> <a href="http://www.rollins.edu/cornell-fine-arts-museum/" target="_blank">Cornell Fine Arts Museum</a> <a href="http://www.crealde.org/" target="_blank">Crealdé School of Art</a> <a href="https://thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://www.omart.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Museum of Art</a> <a href="http://gallery.cah.ucf.edu/">University of Central Florida Art Gallery</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Eldora, Florida Gainesville, Florida Lake Wales, Florida Maitland, Florida Orlando, Florida Sanford, Florida Winter Park, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a>." Art Legends of Orange County. http://www.artlegendsoc.org/. Description Although visual art had been explored in Central Florida, Orange County’s visual arts community truly came alive during the years of 1932-1982, thanks to the vision of 20 distinguished artists and arts leaders. Their influence not only helped build a solid foundation for the local art community but some of Orange County’s local Art Legends significantly influenced modern American Art. To recognize the leadership and celebrate the accomplishments of these arts visionaries, arts administrators from 11 Orange County museums and galleries joined forces and shared collections to create the Art Legends of Orange County initiative. This community-wide collaboration runs throughout the 2015-2016 arts season and includes more than 15 exhibitions and events. Art Legends of Orange County celebrates 20 distinguished artists and patrons who helped build Orange County’s vibrant cultural landscape. Art Legends of Orange County full exhibition schedule and link to virtual exhibition available at <a href="http://www.ArtLegendsOC.org" target="_blank">www.ArtLegendsOC.org</a>. Visit RICHES™ of Central Florida at <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/artlegends">https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/artlegends</a> for virtual exhibition. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Bill Orr and Maury Hurt Alternative Title Bill Orr and Maury Hurt Subject Hurt, Maury, 1934- Hurt, James, 1934- Artists--Florida Art--Southern States Painters--Southern States Painting--Florida Maitland (Fla.) Description Artists Bill Orr and Maury Hurt. Both painters were instrumental in leading the movement to save the Maitland Art Center in Maitland, Florida, from developers in the 1960s. Bill Orr (1925-), photographed on the left, grew up in Michigan, where he worked breaking in mustang ponies. When World War II broke out, Orr joined the U.S. Army and was a member of the cavalry regiment. Later seeing action on Okinawa in the Pacific Theater, he was among the first servicemen to serve in Japan after the war. Orr found his way to the Research Studio in 1961 after applying for a position through a newspaper advertisement. As an artist, Orr made a living doing life-size portraits of horses. He would go on to establish himself as a leading equine artist, a tribute to his lifetime love of horses. Orlando native Maury Hurt (1934-2013), photographed on the right, graduated from the University of Florida with a design degree in 1956. After serving a short tour in the U.S. Army, Hurt continued to work in the graphic arts fields for several years before abandoning the profession to become a full-time painter. From a studio at the Art & History Museums' Maitland Art Center, Hurt’s work centered on primitive and archaic themes often focusing on the relationship of humans, animals, and early prehistoric life. Hurst's legacy lies in his masterful work and is mentorship of artists across Central Florida. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Rob Bartlett: <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/" target="_blank">Orlando Weekly</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/" target="_blank">Orlando Weekly</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/155" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Rob Bartlett: <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/" target="_blank">Orlando Weekly</a>, Orlando, Florida. Coverage Maitland, Florida Creator Bartlett, Rob Publisher <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/" target="_blank">Orlando Weekly</a> Date Created ca. 1934-2013 Format image/jpg Extent 371 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Rob Bartlett and published by <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/" target="_blank">Orlando Weekly</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/" target="_blank">Orlando Weekly</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.artlegendsoc.org/" target="_blank">Art Legends of Orange County</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.orlandoweekly.com/" target="_blank">Orlando Weekly</a> External Reference Hoffman, Dean A. "<a href="http://xwebapp.ustrotting.com/absolutenm/templates/article.aspx?articleid=42115&zoneid=38" target="_blank">Bill Orr: Canvassing the harness world</a>." United States Trotting Association, April 27, 2011. http://xwebapp.ustrotting.com/absolutenm/templates/article.aspx?articleid=42115&zoneid=38. Schlueb, Mark. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-03-25/news/os-maury-hurt-obituary-20130325_1_graphic-artist-orlando-museum-michael-mennello" target="_blank">James Maury Hurt: Local painter who mentored other artists</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, March 25, 2013. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2013-03-25/news/os-maury-hurt-obituary-20130325_1_graphic-artist-orlando-museum-michael-mennello. art artist Bill Orr James Maury Hurt Maitland Maitland Art Center Maury Hurt orlando painter painting Rob Bartlett https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e221f29598d1c4d29a9d332c7c7dafd9.pdf a64906ac73d85ebf68c3950a79806298 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Westinghouse Electric Collection Alternative Title Westinghouse Collection Subject Westinghouse Electric Corporation Description Originally called the Westinghouse Electric Company, George Westinghouse (1846-1914) founded his manufacturing company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. In 1889, he renamed his business the The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Westinghouse's primary products include turbines, generators, motors and switchgear related to the generation, transmission, and use of electricity. The company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. In 1981, the company began to relocate its divison headquarters for the Steam-Turbine Generator Divisions from Pennsylvania (turbines from Lester and generators from Pittsburgh) to Orlando, Florida. The Power Generation Business Unit (PGBU) building was located in The Quadrangle, at 4400 Alafaya Trail. Originally, Westinghouse had purchased a large plot of land for future development that extended westward from Alafaya Trail to Rouse Road. The original headquarters was located on several acres of that land parcel close to Alafaya Trail. In 1994, after a major corporate management shuffling, and a top-level decision to change from an industrial manufacturing company to primarily a broadcasting/communications company, Westinghouse bought the CBS Network and changed its name to the CBS Corporation. As the PGBU grew in size, other buildings in the area were leased and then, after PGBU was sold to Siemens Corporation of Germany in 1998, additional buildings (Quad II and Quad III) were added to the original complex at the Quadrangle. From 1998 to 2003 the Orlando operation was known as Siemens-Westinghouse, after which the name of Westinghouse was dropped. The operation has been known as Siemens from that time forward. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Orlando, Florida Curator DeRosa, Peter Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History" target="_blank">History</a>." Westinghouse Nuclear. http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422" target="_blank">Westinghouse Power Generation Booklet</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Memorandum from Dominic A. Bartol (August 14, 1989) Alternative Title Memo from Bartol (Aug. 14, 1989) Subject Westinghouse Electric Corporation Description A memorandum from Dominic A. Bartol, General Manager of Westinghouse Electric Corporation's Power Generation Business Unit's (PGBU) Engineering Department, regarding the restructuring of the division in 1989. In 1983, the Westinghouse power generation business operation, starting with the Steam Turbine Generator Division, was taking shape in its new Orlando headquarters under the management team led by General Manager Dr. Stan Quick (under E. J. "Gene" Cattabiani, Vice President of the Power Generation Group). This series of letters, memoranda, and charts documents the changes in management leadership at the Orlando site from 1983 through 1998, when the Westinghouse Power Genration Business was acquired by Siemens. Following the announcement of the retirement of Dr. Quick in 1984, the management was led by the team of Bob Ractcliffe and Howard Pierce. In 1987, Tom Campbell was appointed General Manager of the Power Generation Technology Systems Division under Nat Woodsen and Jim Moore, Vice Presidents of the Power Systems Business Unit. In 1988, the Power Generation Business Unit (PGBU) was formed under Frank R. Bakos, Vice President and General Manager (under Executive Vice President Ted Stern), and, in 1995, Randy H. Zwirn took the helm as Vice President and General Manager of the PGBU. He remained at the executive level for 20 years, through the PGBU acquisition by Siemens in 1998 and beyond to 2016. Originally called the Westinghouse Electric Company, George Westinghouse (1846-1914) founded his manufacturing company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. In 1889, he renamed his business The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Westinghouse's primary products include turbines, generators, motors and switchgear related to the generation, transmission, and use of electricity. The company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. In 1981, the company began to relocate its division headquarters for the Steam-Turbine Generator Divisions from Pennsylvania (turbines from Lester and generators from Pittsburgh) to Orlando. The PGBU building was located in The Quadrangle, at 4400 Alafaya Trail. Type Text Source Original 16-page typed memorandum from Dominic A. Bartol, August 14, 1989: Private Collection of Harry L. Jaeger. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/169" target="_blank">Westinghouse Electric Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 16-page typed memorandum from Dominic A. Bartol, August 14, 1989. Coverage Westinghouse Electric Corporation, The Quadrangle, Orlando, Florida Creator Bartol, Dominic A. Contributor Jaeger, Harry L. Date Created 1989-08-14 Format application/pdf Extent 3.3 MB Medium 16-page typed memorandum Language eng Audience 3.3 MB Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Dominic A. Bartol. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://www.siemens.com/global/en/home.html" target="_blank">Siemens</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History" target="_blank">History</a>." Westinghouse Nuclear. http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/About/History. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422" target="_blank">Westinghouse Power Generation Booklet</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/6422. Alfred A. Pallotta Ali Moradian Andrew J. Ayoob Brij B. Seth Chester Markiewicz D. A. Bartol D. H. Pierce D. P. Etchison Dan E. Ford David B. Berrong David T. Entenmann Dominic A. Bartol Donald G. Ramey Donald P. Ethcison engineering F. R. Bakos Frank A. Artusa Frank P. Bevc Frank P. Fidei Frank R. Bakos Frank R. Vaccaro George Bieberbach George Dann George J. Silverstri Glenn D. Cooper H. C. Kersteen Harry F. Martin Hector O. Ponce J. David Conrad Jack A. LaRosa James E. Donahue Jan A. Fickling Jay Pandya Joe G. Myers, Jr. John F. Petras John M. Butler Jon R. Bushey Joseph Davids Joseph E. Wethman Joseph G. Annello K. P. Wisniewski L. D. McLaurin Lawrie Conway Leroy D. McLaurin Les R. Southall Mark A. Pringle Martin Schlatter Millard F. Smith N. H. Middleton Nick Bartol Nick J. Georges Paul L. Kamphaus Pensacola PGOD Phil R. Ratliff Philip S. Barnabei Power Generation Operations Division Raymond I. Burfield Richard F. Weddleton Richard J. Antos Richard W. Deem Robert A. Gebbia Robert L. Novak Robert L. Osborne Robert T. Hagaman Robert W. Ferrell Robert W. Gaul Ron E. Warner Ron Pigott Serge P. Barton Shay M. Foley Skip Middleton Stanley A. Moore Stephe A. Welhoelter Ted A. Wills Victor I. Fredda Walter J. Weber Westinghouse Electric Corporation William C. Nygren William R. McCown https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/34792026521e54335a21c7081684f7f9.jpg 7bf42b5265b195824d0b3a3410b43d70 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Friends of Lake Apopka Collection Alternative Title FOLA Collection Subject Lake Apopka (Fla.) Water quality--Florida Pollution--Florida Description The Friends of Lake Apopka (FOLA) is a citizen advocacy group with the mission of restoring Lake Apopka in Orange County and Lake County, Florida. Due to poor farming practices along its shores, Lake Apopka has become one of the largest polluted lakes in Florida. This collection features various archival items related to the restoration of the lake. Contributor <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Lake Apopka, Florida Florida Game and Fresh Water Commission, Tallahassee, Florida Oakland, Florida Orlando, Florida Saint Johns River, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Haven, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Curator Cepero, Laura King, Joshua Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Our Mission & Purpose</a>." Friends of Lake Apopka. http://www.fola.org/. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from Dick J. Batchelor to Gary Sharp (December 13, 1974) Alternative Title Letter from Batchelor to Sharp (Dec. 13, 1974) Subject Parks--Florida Springs--Florida Description In this letter, Florida Representative Dick J. Batchelor (b. 1947) writes to Gary Sharp that he does not have the authority over purchasing the Gourd Neck Springs area, and that the decision rests with the Environmental Endangered Lands Committee. Gourd Neck Springs is a small spring located in the southwest portion of Lake Apopka, in a small cove called “Gourd Neck” due to its distinctive shape. This area of the lake was considered in the 1960s as a potential nursery for fish. The Lake Apopka Technical Committee explored damming the Gourd Neck, separating it from the lake and preventing polluted lake water from entering, but these plans did not materialize. Efforts were also made in the 1960s to have the Gourd Neck area purchased by the State of Florida for use as a public park. The Gourd Neck Springs Park Association was formed in 1961 to study the site’s potential for a park and lobby for support from legislators. The land bordering the area was privately-owned by various individuals. One of these, Gary Sharp, continued seeking support for a park into the 1970s. While the project received support from Florida legislators and environmentalists, the land was never purchased by the state. Type Text Source Photocopy of original 1-page typewritten letter from Dick J. Batchelor to Gary Sharp, December 13, 1974: binder 1974, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>, Oakland, Florida. Is Part Of Binder 1974, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>, Oakland, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/153" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of photocopied 1-page typewritten letter from Dick J. Batchelor to Gary Sharp, December 13, 1974. Coverage Gourd Neck Springs, Florida Creator Batchelor, Dick J. Date Created 1974-12-13 Format image/jpg Extent 124 KB Medium 1 typewritten letter on Florida House of Representatives letterhead Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Dick J. Batchelor. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Curator King, Joshua Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.lake.wateratlas.usf.edu/resource.aspx?wbodyid=8500" target="_blank">Apopka Spring</a>." Lake County Water Atlas. Accessed June 8, 2016. http://www.lake.wateratlas.usf.edu/resource.aspx?wbodyid=8500. Campbell, Ramsey. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1995-04-23/news/9504220188_1_lake-apopka-spring-water-bottled-water" target="_blank">Source of Surprise: Crystal Clear Water from Lake Apopka</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, April 23, 1995. Accessed June 8, 2016. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1995-04-23/news/9504220188_1_lake-apopka-spring-water-bottled-water. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/6858" target="_blank">Letter from Arthur W. Sinclair to C. W. Sheffield (December 22, 1967)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/6858. conservation Dick J. Batchelor Environmental Endangered Lands Committee Florida House of Representatives Gary Sharp Gourd Neck Springs public parks representatives springs https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/09f58e81b15ba6268ddf0d1d20e5694e.jpg 496ea57ab8696190e1bd355b32a3caa1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection Alternative Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Subject Cemeteries--Europe Veterans--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Army Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. <a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Florida-France Soldier Stories Project</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Dinozé, France Contributing Project Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War</a>." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015). Description The Florida-France Soldier Storiesproject seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sixteenth Census Population Schedule for Graceville Alternative Title Census Population Schedule for Graceville Subject Graceville (Fla.) Population--United States Description The U.S. Census population schedule for Election Precinct 14 in Graceville, Florida, in 1930. Individuals are identified by name, titles and terms, gender, age, marital status, race, relationship to head of household, birthplace, birth year, the last place of residence, and occupation. A notable resident listed in this record was Wilson Foch Smith (ca. 1918-1945). Smith was born in Jackson County, Florida, to Robert Smith and Hester Smith on October 24, 1918. He worked as a farmhand in the Graceville area prior to his enlistment into the U.S. Army on January 22, 1941. Cpl. Smith was assigned to Company B of the 654th Tank Destroyer Battalion. He died in a Curtiss C-46D-10-CU Commando airplane crash after one of its engines caught on fire. Cpl. Smith was on his way to a hospital in France and then back to the United States when the plane crashed in Taillefontaine, France on May 23, 1945, killing 44 of its passengers. Cpl. Smith is currently buried at Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original <a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:STPL-JW2" target="_blank">census record</a> by Frances S. Bax, April 2, 1930: Image Number 00031, Digital Folder Number 004950234, GS Film Number 2340057, Affiliate Film Number 322, Affiliate Publication Number T626, <a href="http://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives &amp Records Administration</a>, Washington, D.C. Is Part Of Digital Folder Number 004950234, GS Film Number 2340057, Affiliate Film Number 322, Affiliate Publication Number T626, <a href="http://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives &amp Records Administration</a>, Washington, D.C. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/172" target="_blank">Epinal American Cemetery Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Graceville, Florida Creator Bax, Frances S. Publisher <a href="http://www.census.gov/" target="_blank">Bureau of the Census</a> Date Created 1930-04-02 Format image/jpg Extent 4.29 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Frances S. Bax and published by the <a href="http://www.census.gov/" target="_blank">Bureau of the Census</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws:<ul class="one_column_bullet"><li>reproduce the work in print or digital form</li><li>create derivative works</li><li>perform the work publicly</li><li>display the work</li><li>distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending.</li></ul>This resource is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105" target="_blank">Section 5</a> of <a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html" target="_blank">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Epinal Cemetery Project Curator Aguilar, Jay Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://familysearch.org/" target="_blank">FamilySearch</a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives &amp Records Administration</a> External Reference "<a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:STPL-JW2" target="_blank">Foch Smith</a>." FamilySearch. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:STPL-JW2. "<a href="http://findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=56375616" target="_blank">Cpl Wilson Foch Smith</a>." Find A Grave. http://findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=56375616. Annie Smith Bonnie M. Smith census Charlie Clark Dorothy Smith Doyle A. Hines Eddie Crutchfield Edwin Kirkland Ella G. Crutchfield Ernest Smith Ethel Kirkland Ethylene Smith Eva Clark Fleming Hines Fletcher G. Smith Flora Hines Foch Smith Frances S. Bax Fred Smith Gaynell Smith Graceville Grady Land H. W. Clark Hester Smith Hilton Smith J. Marion Kirkland J. Patrick Pelham J. Patrick Pelham, Jr. Josie Pelham Kathryn Clark Lorene Pelham Lucille Smith Mary L. Smith Nella Land population R. J. Crutchfield Ralph Kirkland Robert G. Smith Robert Smith Ruby Kirkland Ruth Smith Spurgean Clark Stafford Land Susan R. Land Virgie D. Smith Virginia Kirkland Walter H. Land Walton Land Wilson Foch Smith https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4ffbe7b8ed8d0cff5d30d119baca5956.jpg d1bb94f84792a4cb3402ea4d0726f945 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/dcf364c8fde6e9ce571d55b14834412c.pdf dab2a4e680831437d6dbc01fb81fb48a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Isleworth Grove Collection Alternative Title Isleworth Collection Subject Windermere (Fla.) Butler Chain (Fla.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Citrus fruit industry--Florida Agriculture--Florida Description Chase & Company was established by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase in 1884. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. By 1886, the Chase brothers purchased several citrus groves to expand their business, including Isleworth Grove in Windermere, Florida. Isleworth Grove covered a total of 1,300 acres along the Butler Chain of Lakes. Between 1894 and 1895, Central Florida was hit by several freezes and most of the citrus crop was destroyed. Chase & Company did not grow citrus crops again until 1904 when Joshua came back from an extended stay in California. Between 1894 and 1900, different types of pesticide equipment was created, including equipment driven by steam, machines, and horses.Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965. The Isleworth property stayed in the Chase family until 1984 when Franklin Chase, the son of Sydney Chase, sold the property to famed golfer Arnold Palmer. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/93" target="_blank">Citrus Collection</a>, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Referenced By <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">A Guide to the Chase Collection</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Isleworth Grove, Windermere, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida <a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank">Digital Collections (UFDC)</a>, University of Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Marra, Katherine Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository University of Florida, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> External Reference "<a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=600" target="_blank">Sydney Chase Sr. (1860-1941)</a>." Florida Citrus Hall of Fame. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=600. Warner, S.C. "<a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank">Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida</a>." Florida State Horticultural Society vol. 36 (1923): 198-200. Hopkins, James T. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank">Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959</a>. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus" target="_blank">Franklin Chase, 'Towering Figure in Citrus Industry</a>.'" The Orlando Sentinel, September 30, 1986. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus. Weaver, Brian. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43312643" target="_blank">The Citrus Industry in the Sunshine State</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 1999. Contributor <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida Provenance Entire <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase. Rights Holder The displayed collection is housed at <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page typewritten letter on H.M. Beardall, M.D. letterhead Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from Hal M. Beardall to Joshua Coffin Chase (December 4, 1931) Alternative Title Chase Correspondence (December 4, 1931) Subject Chase, Joshua Coffin, 1858-1948 Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Windermere (Fla.) Description An original letter of correspondence between Joshua Coffin Chase and Dr. Hal M. Beardall, whose office was located at 147 East Church Street in Orlando, Florida. Topics discussed in the letter include the state of health of Jack Hall, who suffered a severe pelvic fracture, most likely at Isleworth Grove. Chase & Company was established by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase in 1884. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. By 1886, the Chase brothers purchased several citrus groves to expand their business, including Isleworth Grove in Windermere, Florida. Isleworth Grove covered a total of 1,300 acres along the Butler Chain of Lakes. Between 1894 and 1895, Central Florida was hit by several freezes and most of the citrus crop was destroyed. Chase & Company did not grow citrus crops again until 1904 when Joshua came back from an extended stay in California. Between 1894 and 1900, different types of pesticide equipment was created, including equipment driven by steam, machines, and horses.Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965. The Isleworth property stayed in the Chase family until 1984 when Franklin Chase, the son of Sydney Chase, sold the property to famed golfer Arnold Palmer. Type Text Source Original letter from Hal M. Beardall to Joshua Coffin Chase, December 4, 1931: box 49, folder 20.84, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection (MS 14)</a>, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Is Referenced By Folder referenced in Chase Collection finding guide, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm</a>. Coverage Orlando, Florida Chase & Company Office, Sanford, Florida Isleworth Grove, Windermere, Florida Creator Beardall, Hall M. Date Created 1931-12-04 Format image/jpg Extent 113 KB Medium 1-page typewritten letter on H.M. Beardall, M.D. letterhead Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Entire <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida <a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank">Digital Collections (UFDC)</a>, University of Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository University of Florida, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> External Reference Warner, S.C. "<a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank">Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida</a>." Florida State Horticultural Society vol. 36 (1923): 198-200. Hopkins, James T. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank">Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959</a>. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960. "<a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=960" target="_blank">Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948)</a>." Florida Citrus Hall of Fame. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=960. Transcript Chase Correspondence, Box 49, folder 20.84 H. M. BEARDALL, M.D. 147 EAST CHURCH STREET ORLANDO, FLORIDA December 4, 1931. J. C. Chase, % Chase & Co., Sanford, Fla. Dear Mr. Chase:- In Re—Jack Hall. This man had a rather severe fracture of Pelvis.On discharge from Hospital, position was good and while he may be a few months in establishing perfect function of lower limbs, I believe in time his condition will be near perfect, Yours truly Hal [handwritten] H. M. Beardall. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from Hal M. Beardall to Joshua Coffin Chase, December 4, 1931. Is Part Of <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> (MS 14), box 49, folder 20.84, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/88" target="_blank">Isleworth Collection</a>, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Beardall, Hal M. Chase and Company Chase, Joshua Coffin Church Street doctor fracture Hall, Jack health care hospital injury pelvic fracture physician workplace injury https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0f410b62942639aa0796509ec44f003c.jpg 3fc24a551b60fc3ebed13d653caeaf3f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page handwritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford (February 15, 1884) Alternative Title Letter from Beardall to Sanford (February 15, 1884) Subject Real estate--Florida Investments--Florida Description A letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891), dated February 15, 1884. In the letter, Beardall provided updates of several buyers' payments. He noted that J. C. Thorpe and D. B. Graves "are paid up all" and that George E. Rogers is "awaiting delivery of deed." Gustaf Lundquist, he added, "owes $100 which he is willing to pay on delivery of deed." Beardall was an Englishman who worked for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) at its local office in Sanford, Florida. He served as an assistant to the company agent, E. R. Trafford. Beardall had worked previously for the Scottish industrialist Sir William MacKinnon before joining the FLCC. The FLCC was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford with help from a group of British investors. Located at 13 Austin Friars in London, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a ₤10,000 cash payment and another ₤50,000 in company stock. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua and Marion counties. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. As a result of consistently meager profits from its inception, following Henry Sanford's death in 1891 many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, February 15, 1884: box 54, folder 18, subfolder 54.18.16, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Box 54, Folder 18, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. References Original letter from E. R. Trafford per William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, February 6, 1884: box 54, folder 18, subfolder 54.18.13, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Original letter from E. R. Trafford per William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, February 13, 1884: box 54, folder 18, subfolder 54.18.15, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, February 15, 1884. Creator Beardall, William Date Created 1884-02-15 Format image/jpg Extent 112 KB Medium 1-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William Beardall. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Donated by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/475924911" target="_blank">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Coverage Sanford, Florida Beardall, William Florida Land and Colonization Company Graves, D. B. Lundquist, Gustaf real estate Rogers, George E. Sanford, Henry Sanford, Henry Shelton Thorpe, J. C. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ab662599aa862af376e07749805aeaec.pdf d80d55492c1e002069c7be90e8cdaede Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford (August 4, 1883) Alternative Title Letter from Beardall to Sanford (August 4, 1883) Subject Sanford, Henry S. (Henry Shelton), 1823-1891 Railroads--Florida Sanford (Fla.) Real estate--Florida Migrant labor--Florida Immigration Description A letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891), dated August 4, 1883. In the letter, Beardall responded to inquiries from Sanford as well as provided updates on relevant matters. Beardall indicated to Sanford the cost of expanding the lodge located at Belair Grove in the City of Sanford, Florida (present-day Lake Mary). He also discussed matters concerning the construction of a railroad depot in Sanford, the cost of which would be potentially shared with the South Florida Railroad Company or "persons living in the neighbourhood." Beardall also provided updates on the status of the Swedish immigrants employed by Sanford, noting that "all the Swedes who are left here are employed at the Saw mill." Finally, Beardall also offered an update on the quality of Belair Grove, writing that "it is looking better than ever I saw it by far, both in quality of new growth, crop, and color." Beardall was an Englishman who worked for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) at its local office in Sanford, Florida. He served as an assistant to the company agent, E. R. Trafford. Beardall had worked previously for the Scottish industrialist Sir William MacKinnon before joining the FLCC. The FLCC was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford with help from a group of British investors. Located at 13 Austin Friars in London, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a ₤10,000 cash payment and another ₤50,000 in company stock. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua and Marion counties. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. As a result of consistently meager profits from its inception, following Henry Sanford's death in 1891 many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, August 4, 1883: box 54, folder 18, subfolder 54.18.7, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, Folder 18, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, August 4, 1883. Creator Beardall, William Date Created 1883-08-04 Format application/pdf Extent 468 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William Beardall. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Donated by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Coverage Sanford, Florida Beardall, William Belair Grove Florida Land and Colonization Company migrant labor Powell Grant railroad railroads railways real estate Sanford Sanford Sawmill Sanford, Henry South Florida Railroad Company Swedes Swedish immigrants Trafford, E. R. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d85c429e8c004ec52c5aa0f158eab2a5.pdf e267e61ef63a609a085f81a4f179be9e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford (November 26, 1886) Alternative Title Beardall to Sanford (Nov. 26, 1886) Subject Sanford (Fla.) Winter Haven (Fla.) Tavares (Fla.) Real estate--Florida Railroads--Florida Description A letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, dated November 26, 1886. Contents of the letter included the purchasing of 320 acres near Winter Haven for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC). He noted that the land was valued at $30 an acre and estimated that the presence of an unspecified Presbyterian College in the area would enhance the land value. Beardall also provided an update on affairs in Sanford, Florida. In particular, he wrote that he was "working now to secure the erection" of a "Palmetto Fibre Manufactory" in Sanford, an enterprise that he figured would produce five tons of fiber per day and employ upwards of 200 workers. The factory in question was proposed by the Diamond Match Company. However, he explained that there was competition with Alexander St. Clair Abrams who was trying to persuade the company to locate the Fiber Plant in Tavares. St. Clair Abrams was a lawyer who had previously worked with the FLCC to negotiate a bid for a million-acre plot of land from the Internal Improvement Fund Board. When the FLCC failed to finalize the bid, however, St. Clair Abrams sued the company and later Henry Sanford for compensation for his services rendered during the period. At the time of Beardall's 1886 letter, St. Clair Abrams' affiliation with the company had long since ended and he was in the process of a protracted lawsuit against Sanford, a suit that remained unsettled at the time of Sanford's death in 1891. Beardall warned that the FLCC would probably need "to give them land for the factory and a wharf lot near the Saw Mill in order to secure them at Sanford." This deal, he added, might also lead to an eventual paper mill as well, built by the same company. He ended his letter with some discussion of building a potential railroad depot in Sanford. William Beardall was an Englishman who worked for the FLCC at its local office in Sanford, Florida. He served as an assistant to the company agent, E. R. Trafford. He had worked previously for the Scottish industrialist Sir William MacKinnon before joining the FLCC, a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford with help from a group of British investors. Located at 13 Austin Friars in London, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a ₤10,000 cash payment and another ₤50,000 in company stock. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua and Marion counties. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. As a result of consistently meager profits from its inception, following Henry Sanford's death in 1891 many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 26, 1884: box 54, folder 18, subfolder 54.18.39, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of Box 54, Folder 18, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from William Beardall to Henry Shelton Sanford, November 26, 1884. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company Office, Sanford, Florida Winter Haven, Florida Tavares, Florida Creator Beardall, William Date Created 1886-11-26 Format application/pdf Extent 518 KB Medium 2-page handwritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William Beardall. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Donated to the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Alexander St. Clair Abrams Diamond Match Company fiber mills fibers fiberwork FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company Henry Shelton Sanford Internal Improvement Fund Board investments lawsuits Palmetto Fibre Manufactory paper mills Presbyterian College railroads railways real estate Sanford Sanford Saw Mill Sanford Wharf Tavares William Beardall Winter Haven https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/8f9bfb87c33a4fd3f235996dad7a8851.jpg d46ebc4c19de48d768aef28ad2d348f0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida Land Colonization Company Collection Alternative Title FLCC Collection Subject Sanford, Henry Shelton, 1823-1891 Sanford (Fla.) Mackinnon, William, 1823-1893 Polk County (Fla.) Sumter County (Fla.) Hernando County (Fla.) Brevard County (Fla.) Volusia County (Fla.) Manayunk (Philadelphia, Pa.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/107" target="_blank">William MacKinnon Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Manayunk Bank, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York City, New York Washington, D.C. Brussels, Belgium Gingelom, Belgium Hombourg, Belgium Berlin, Germany Florida Land and Colonization Company, London, England, United Kingdom Curator Cepero, Laura Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Henry S. Sanford: Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Tischendorf, Alfred P. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35894049" target="_blank">Florida and the British Investor: 1880-1914</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 33, no. 2 (Oct. 1954): 120-129. Amundson, Richard J. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4894931414" target="_blank">The Florida Land and Colonization Company</a>." Florida Historical Quarterly 44, no. 3 (Jan. 1966): 153-168. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Kendall, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1836396" target="_blank">History of New Orleans</a>. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Company, 1922. Description The Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) with help from a group of British investors. The original impetus for the company's formation was Sanford's inability to continue his land acquisition and development efforts in Florida independently. In 1879, faced with financial difficulties, Sanford turned to a trusted associate in the United Kingdom, a Scottish industrialist named Sir William Mackinnon (1823-1893), to help him attract investors. The formation of the company was in large part due to the efforts of MacKinnon, whose reputation and influence helped bring investors on board. Located at 13 Austin Friars, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a £10,000 cash payment and another £50,000 in company stock. The one-time cash payment was a needed reprieve for Sanford, who faced financial difficulties by the end of the 1870s. The board of directors included Mackinnon, as well as W. C. Gray and Edwyn Sandys Dawes, partners in Gray-Dawes and Company, a London-based banking and investment house. Other directors included Alexander Fraser, Anthony Norris, George A. Thomson, and Eli Lee. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua County and Marion County. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. From 1882 to 1892, the company saw steady, if meager, profits. Most of its income came from the sale of lots in the city of Sanford. From 1885 until 1890, the company, while remaining solvent, continued to see declining profits. From 1886 to 1890, the profits were so modest that the company declined to pay dividends on its yearly profits. Needed improvements and developments in the city of Sanford during the late 1880s sapped much of the company's income. Following Henry Sanford's death in 1891, many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Contributor <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Provenance Collection dontated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Collection loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Collection acquired by the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection items are housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to these items belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about items should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Statement from William Beardall Alternative Title Beardall Statement Subject Sanford (Fla.) Real estate--Florida Description An undated statement from William Beardall. The statement offered brief information on "clean high pine land as good as any on the grant" set to be put up for auction. It is not clear what land Beardall described or where it was located. William Beardall was an Englishman who worked for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) at its local office in Sanford, Florida. He served as an assistant to the company agent, E. R. Trafford. He had worked previously for the Scottish industrialist Sir William MacKinnon before joining the FLCC. The FLCC was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford with help from a group of British investors. Located at 13 Austin Friars in London, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a ₤10,000 cash payment and another ₤50,000 in company stock. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua and Marion counties. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. As a result of consistently meager profits from its inception, following Henry Sanford's death in 1891 many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders. Type Text Source Original statement from William Beardall: box 54, folder 18, subfolder 54.18.40, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Box 54, Folder 18, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/98" target="_blank">Florida Land Colonization Company Collection</a>, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original statement from William Beardall. Coverage Florida Land and Colonization Company Office, Sanford, Florida Creator Beardall, William Date Created 1882-1886 Format image/jpg Extent 76.1 KB Medium 1-page typewritten statement Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by William Beardall. Donated to the <a href="http://www.chs.org/" target="_blank">Connecticut Historical Society</a> after 1901. Loaned to the <a href="http://www.tn.gov/tsla/" target="_blank">Tennessee State Library and Archives</a> for processing until June 1, 1960. Donated to the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in 1960. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at the General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Fedorka, Drew M. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference Fry, Joseph A. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8475473" target="_blank">Diplomacy and Business in Nineteenth-Century America</a>. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press, 1982. Munro, J. Forbes. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57653564">Maritime Enterprise and Empire: Sir William MacKinnon and His Business Network, 1823-1893</a>. Rochester, NY: FLCC Florida Land and Colonization Company Henry Shelton Sanford investments pines real estate William Beardall https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/7cdde423b1b28e59bf386f56b2944602.jpg e7fda3d34988d77e25e7c80f4d899c91 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Watermark Collection Alternative Title The Watermark Collection Subject Gay culture--United States Description Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES Program</a> Type Collection Contributing Project <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/%20" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/">The Watermark</a> Curator Smith, Robert Cepero, Laura O'Neal, Rhiannon Hearn, Nikki Greene, Quintella Rodriguez, Sharon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/%20" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/" target="_blank">About/Contact</a>." WatermarkOnline.com, accessed July 11, 2016. http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Dykes to Watch Out For: Let Them Eat Cake Alternative Title Mostly Unfabulous Social Life of Ethan Green Subject Gay culture--United States Description Dykes to Watch Out For comic from the inaugural issue of The Watermark, published on September 14, 1994. The comic strip was created by Alison Bechdel, an openly gay cartoonist, and centered around the lives of a diverse group of characters, most of whom were lesbians. The comic was first published in 1983 and ran until 2008, when it went on hiatus. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning September 14, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark. Type Still Image Source Original newspaper comic strip: Bechdel, Alison. Dykes to Watch Out For<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">The Watermark</a>, Vol. 1, No. 2, September 14, 1994, page 14: Publications Collection, <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/203" target="_blank">The Watermark Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper comic strip: Bechdel, Alison. Dykes to Watch Out For<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">The Watermark</a>, Vol. 1, No. 2, September 14, 1994, page 14. Coverage Orlando, Florida Creator Bechdel, Alison Publisher <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Media</a> Date Created ca. 1994-09-14 Date Issued 1994-09-14 Date Copyrighted 1994-09-14 Format image/jpg Extent 583 KB Medium 1 newspaper comic strip Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Alison Bechdel and published by <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Media</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://dykestowatchoutfor.com/" target="_blank">Alison Bechdel</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> External Reference Garner, Dwight. "<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/03/books/03garner.html?_r=0" target="_blank">The Days of Their Lives: Lesbians Star in Funny Pages</a>." The New York Times, December, 2006. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/03/books/03garner.html?_r=0. "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/" target="_blank">About/Contact</a>." WatermarkOnline.com, accessed July 11, 2016. http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/. adoption Alison Bechdel Barney the Dinosaur bisexual Bob Dole Catholic Church comics DTWOF Dykes to Watch Out For gay George Frederick Will George Will GOP homophobia homosexuality homosexuals lesbians LGBT LGBTQ+ queer questioning Republican Party Republicans Robert Joseph Dole same-sex The Watermark trans transgender https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/277c05baf75cb9736cc6f9ca10b64262.jpg 04ed1e9ced4c8c0aeb6cf584785f179f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sanford Collection Description The present-day Sanford area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca/Joroco natives by the time Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole Indians. In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settled in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. In 1836, the United States Army built a road (present-day Mellonville Avenue) to a location called "Camp Monroe," during the Second Seminole War. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed "Fort Mellon," in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon. The town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat for Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869. In 1870, a lawyer from Connecticut by the name of Henry Shelton Sanford (1832-1891) purchased 12,548 acres of open land west of Mellonville. His vision was to make this new land a major port city, both railway and by water. Sitting on Lake Monroe, and the head of the St. Johns River, the City of Sanford earned the nickname of “The Gate City of South Florida.” Sanford became not only a transportation hub, but a leading citrus industry in Florida, and eventually globally. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed "Celery City." In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development. Alternative Title Sanford Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/" target="_blank">Sanford Historical Society, Inc.</a> <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=108" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Curator Marra, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. "<a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=48" target="_blank">Sanford: A Brief History</a>." City of Sanford. http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=48. The Seminole Herald. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52633016" target="_blank">Sanford: Our First 125 Years</a>. [Sanford, FL]: The Herald, 2002. Mills, Jerry W., and F. Blair Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11338196" target="_blank">A Chronology of the Development of the City of Sanford, Florida: With Major Emphasis on Early Growth</a>, 1975. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/82" target="_blank">Celery Soup: Florida’s Folk Life Play Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/65" target="_blank">Churches of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/131" target="_blank">Creative Sanford, Inc. Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/41" target="_blank">Georgetown Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/78" target="_blank">Marie J. Francis Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/101" target="_blank">Sanford Avenue Collection</a>, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/79" target="_blank">Goldsboro Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/116" target="_blank">Henry L. DeForest Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/12" target="_blank">Hotel Forrest Lake Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/14" target="_blank">Ice Houses of Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/42" target="_blank">Milane Theatre Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/13" target="_blank">Naval Air Station Sanford Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/15" target="_blank">Sanford Baseball Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/61" target="_blank">Sanford Cigar Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/10" target="_blank">Sanford Riverfront Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/11" target="_blank">Sanford State Farmers' Market Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 lithograph Physical Dimensions 60 x 47 centimeter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A. E. Philips Drug Store Advertisement Alternative Title A. E. Philips Drug Store Ad Subject Drugstores--United States Cigar bands and labels--United States Pharmacy--United States Druggists Pharmacists--United States Description Advertisement for A. E. Philips' drug store, which was established at the corner of East First Street and North Park Avenue in Sanford, Florida, in 1884. By 1892, Philips was the only druggist in Sanford, but in 1894, he handed over ownership of the drugstore to his brother, Lucien R. Philips. The pharmacy did not strictly sell drugs, but instead sold many types of items, including books and paper, toiletries, and cigars and tobacco. A. E. Philips established a new store in Clear Water Harbor, which was described as being on the Orange Belt Railroad. Philips had left during a difficult year, as the entire orange crop was wiped out by one of the worst freezes to hit much of Florida. Besides being a store owner and druggist, A. E. Philips was also a published writer on pharmaceuticals and well-respected within the community. Philips joined the Florida State Pharmaceutical Association in 1887. In 1891, he was in attendance during the fifth annual Florida State Pharmaceutical Association meeting in Jacksonville, where he submitted a paper that won a gold medal from the association. He also addressed the issue of large department stores undercutting the prices of local pharmacies. He proposed resolutions that the association denounce the practice of cutting prices and that the druggists should do whatever they could to keep drugs from being sold in department stores. Philips was also elected to the office of president, presumably of the association. Creator Beck, Adam Pauli, Clemens J. Source Digital reproduction of original 60 x 47 centimeter lithograph by Adam Beck and Clemens J. Pauli, 1884: John J. Stoner, Madison, Wisconsin: tag number <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/CFM/id/123751" target="_blank">DP0010700</a>, Central Florida Memory, Orlando, Florida. Publisher Stoner, John J. Date Created 1884 Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original lithograph by Adam Beck and Clemens J. Pauli, 1884: John J. Stoner, Madison, Wisconsin. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. Digital reproduction of original 60 x 47 centimeter lithograph by Adam Beck and Clemens J. Pauli, 1884: John J. Stoner, Madison, Wisconsin: "<a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/CFM/id/123751" target="_blank">Bird's Eye View of Sanford, Fla., Orange Co., 1884</a>," tag number DP0010700, Central Florida Memory, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpg Extent 22 KB Medium 1 drawing part of a 60 x 47 centimeter lithograph Language eng Type Still Image Coverage A. E. Philips Drug Store, Downtown Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Adam Beck and Clemens J. Pauli and published by John J. Stoner. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the Adam Beck and Clemens J. Pauli and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://www.cfmemory.org/" target="_blank">Central Florida Memory</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="http://www.cfmemory.org/" target="_blank">Central Florida Memory</a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference B.W. Palmer, ed. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/219841167" target="_blank">The Bulletin of Pharmacy: A Monthly Exponent of Pharmaceutical Progress and News</a>, Volume 6, January-December, 1892. Detroit, Mich.: George S. Davis, Medical Publisher, 1892. City of Sanford. Sanford: <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=21" target="_blank">Sanford: Central Floridas Waterfront Gateway</a>. City of Sanford: 2002. Electronic version available online, Historic Brochure, http://www.sanfordfl.gov/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=21. May, Caswell A. and Thomas J. Keenan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/537483912" target="_blank">American Druggist and Pharmaceutical Record</a>, Volume 23: New York, New York: American Druggist Publishing Company, 1893. "<a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/city-of-sanford-time-line.html" target="_blank">City of Sanford Timeline</a>." Sanford Historical Society, Inc. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/city-of-sanford-time-line.html. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2269466" target="_blank">The Western Druggist: A Journal of Pharmacy, Chemistry, and Allied Sciences</a>, Volume 9. Chicago, Ill.: G.P. Engelhard & Co., 1887. Transcript A.E. PHILIPS. PROPRIETOR. DRUGS & MEDICINES, TOILET & FANCY ARTICLES. BOOKS & STATIONERY, CIGARS & TOBACCO. LAMPS & SHOW CASES. Has Format Original 60 x 47 centimeter lithograph by Adam Beck and Clemens J. Pauli, 1884: John J. Stoner, Madison, Wisconsin: <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. A. E. Philips' Drug Store advertisement cigar Clear Water Harbor druggist drugstore Florida State Pharmaceutical Association lithograph pharmaceuticals pharmacist pharmacy Philips, A. E. Philips, Lucien R. prescription drug Sanford tobacco https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/60b98667920dcf1d3d22800f954294f9.jpg 86c833c67497de9af9229cc870f2f683 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Collection Description The Orlando area was originally occupied by the Creek and Seminole tribes. In 1838, Fort Gatlin was erected on the shores of Lake Gatlin, just a few miles south of present-day Downtown Orlando. Centered around Church Street, Orlando became a city in 1884. Originally a cattle town, Orlando grew into a major citrus growing center by the 1920s. The city continued to grow during the Great Depression with aid from the Work Progress Administration (WPA). During World War II, Orlando became a major military center as well, with the development of the McCoy Air Force Base and Pinecastle Air Force Base, and with the addition of the Naval Training Center (NTC) Orlando in 1968. Downtown Orlando declined in the 1960s and 1970s. Redevelopment began in the 1970s and continued into the 1980s, with projects such as the Church Street Station entertainment complex. In 1998, a building boom began and continued through the 2000s. Contributor Cook, Thomas Cepero, Nancy Lynn Cepero, Laura Lynn Alternative Title Orlando Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Antequino, Stephanie Gaub, and Tana Mosier Porter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783150094" target="_blank">Lost Orlando</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2012. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Historic District Walking Tour</a>." City of Orlando. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf. Has Format <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/69" target="_blank">Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/126" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Information Center Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/110" target="_blank">Orlando Public Library Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/111" target="_blank">Orlando Regions Bank Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Bird's Eye View of Orlando, 1884 Alternative Title View of Orlando Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Description An elevated view of Orlando, Florida, in 1884. The lithograph focused on Sinclair's Real Estate Agency, located on the corner of Pine Street and South Orange Avenue. Other sites highlighted in the lithograph include the home of J. G. Sinclair, the home of N. L. Mills, the new Orange County Jail, and Orange County Courthouse, the opera house, the Orlando Masonic Hall, the South Florida Seminary, the Charleston House, and the Summerlin House. The lithograph also marks various manufactories, mills, churches, and the South Florida Railroad Depot. The Orlando area was originally occupied by the Creek and Seminole tribes. In 1838, Fort Gatlin was erected on the shores of Lake Gatlin, just a few miles south of present-day Downtown Orlando. Centered around Church Street, Orlando became a city in 1884, the year that this lithograph was created Originally a cattle town, Orlando grew into a major citrus growing center by the 1920s. The city continued to grow during the Great Depression with aid from the Work Progress Administration (WPA). During World War II, Orlando became a major military center as well, with the development of the McCoy Air Force Base and Pinecastle Air Force Base, and with the addition of the Naval Training Center (NTC) Orlando in 1968. Downtown Orlando declined in the 1960s and 1970s. Redevelopment began in the 1970s and continued into the 1980s, with projects such as the Church Street Station entertainment complex. In 1998, a building boom began and continued through the 2000s. Type Still Image Source Original black and white lithograph by Adam Beck and Clemens J. Pauli, 1884: Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original black and white lithograph by Adam Beck and Clemens J. Pauli, 1884. Coverage Sinclair's Real Estate Agency, Orlando, Florida Creator Beck, Adam Pauli, Clemens J. Publisher Stoner, J. J. Contributor Buck, Texann Ivy Date Created 1884 Date Copyrighted 1884 Format image/jpg Extent 2.24 MB Medium 1 black and white lithograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Adam Beck and Clemens J. Pauli, and published by J. J. Stoner. Rights Holder There is no known copyright to this resource, which is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Stoddard, James Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck External Reference Antequino, Stephanie Gaub, and Tana Mosier Porter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783150094" target="_blank">Lost Orlando</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2012. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Historic District Walking Tour</a>." City of Orlando. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf. Charleston House Downtown Orlando J. R. Sinclair Jackson Street Jacob Summerlin Jefferson Street Lake Concord Lake Copeland Lake Davis Lake Eola Lake Eva Lake Lucerne Lake Mandarin Lake Minnie Lemon Street Magnolia House N. L. Mills Orange Avenue Orange County Courthouse Orange County Jail Orange Street orlando Orlando Masonic Hall Orlando Opera House Pine Street Sinclair's Real Estate Agency South Florida Railroad South Florida Seminary W. J. Copeland Washington Street https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/363eaa9314de3fab2e7469b7c93fa587.pdf 766ac726a455a83016eac159c47da2b1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Clearwater Collection Alternative Title Clearwater Collection Subject Clearwater (Fla.) Description Present-day Clearwater was originally inhabited by the Tocobaga. The U.S. Army began construction of Fort Harrison around 1835 to serve as an during the Second Seminole War. The area, which was then known as Clear Water Harbor, experienced significant growth following the passage of the Federal Armed Occupation Act of 1842, which offered land to settles who would bear arms and cultivate the land. In 1888, the Orange Belt Railway added an extension into Clearwater, adding to the town's growth. In 1891, the Town of Clearwater was incorporated with James E. Crane as its first mayor. In 1897, Henry B. Plant (1819-1899) built his Belleview Hotel, thus allowing Clearwater to become a popular vacation destination. Clearwater was designated as the county seat for Pinellas County when it seceded from Hillsborough County in 1912. In 1915, Clearwater was a reincorporated as a city in 1915. During World War II, the city became a major training area for American troops. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/188" target="_blank">Pinellas County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Clearwater, Florida Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.clearwaterflorida.org/Relocation/history.aspx" target="_blank">History of Clearwater</a>." Clearwater Regional Chamber. http://www.clearwaterflorida.org/Relocation/history.aspx. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Peace Memorial Church Postcard Alternative Title Peace Memorial Church Postcard Subject Clearwater (Fla.) Churches--Florida Description A postcard depicting the Peace Memorial Presbyterian Church (PMPC), located at 110 South Fort Harrison Avenue, in Clearwater, Florida. PMPC was chartered in 1891 under the name Clearwater Presbyterian Church. The church was later renamed the First Presbyterian Church of Clearwater and nicknamed the Little White Church. The church's current building was designed in the Mediterranean Revival style of architecture using pink stucco and is nicknamed the Big, Pink Church in Downtown Clearwater. Type Still Image Source Original 9 x 14 centimeter color photographic postcard by Ward Beckett: Private Collection of Bob Van Horn. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/189" target="_blank">Clearwater Collection</a>, Pinellas County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 9 x 14 centimeter color photographic postcard by Ward Beckett. Coverage Peace Memorial Church, Clearwater, Florida Creator Beckett, Ward Contributor Van Horn, Bob Date Created ca. 1964 Format application/pdf Extent 292 KB Medium 9 x 14 centimeter color photographic postcard Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Ward Beckett. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Bob Van Horn and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.peacememorial.org/ChurchHistory" target="_blank">Church History</a>." Peace Memorial Presbyterian Church. http://www.peacememorial.org/ChurchHistory. church churches Clearwater Downtown Clearwater Fort Harrison Avenue Ft. Harrison Ave. Peace Memorial Church Peace Memorial Presbyterian Church Presbyterianism Presbyterians Ward Beckett https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b81ff97c4e9c21e279648f5bb1bb105b.jpg 88e648039e8027f30daa01dab8c69c92 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida State Population Census for Dade County, 1945 Alternative Title Census, 1945 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Miami-Dade County (Fla.) Description The Population of the United States Census of Florida records for Dade County, Miami, Florida, for 1945. The census divides the population by name, address, sex, race, age, degree of education, birthplace, and occupation or business. A notable resident listed in this record is Eugene Fricks. Fricks was born on March 26, 1893 to American parents. His father, William Barto Fricks, was from Georgia and his mother, Mattie Jacquess, was from Kentucky. From the 1920s to the 1930s, Eugene was married to his first wife, Ethel, with whom he had three children named Harley, Imogene, and Mattie. Fricks married his second wife, Grace, and had two children named Janette and Joseph. After his service in World War I, he had a career in aviation. Fricks retired from Pan-American Airways in 1961. He lived his remaining years in North Fort Myers and died on May 23, 1976. Fricks is buried in the Florida National Cemetery. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="http://vlp.cah.ucf.edu">Veterans Legacy Program</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by Herbert Beers, April 28, 1945. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Dade County, Florida Creator Beers, Herbert <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created ca. 1945 Format image/jpg Extent 724 KB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Herbert Beers and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/">United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Ortiz, Samuel Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="http://vlp.cah.ucf.edu">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="http://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/about-us/about-the-state-archives-of-florida/">Florida State Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. Bushnell census records Dade County Eugene Barto Fricks Florida National Cemetery Florida State Population Census 1945 Herbert Beers literacy Miami, Florida military history military service National Cemetery Administration population United states census Unites States Army veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0411054f7b329ca9ef9dccbb81c8dff6.JPG dfca304bcd0ee061fdec17d17c81e599 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page typewritten letter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from J. D. Beggs (March 13, 1941) Description A letter of correspondence concerning the formal dedication of the new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida. The ceremony was sponsored by the Greater Orlando Chamber of Commerce. The letter is from J. D. Beggs, acting postmaster, to another postmaster concerning his attendance. The ceremony took place on April 15, 1941. Beggs sought to make the ceremony grand, and many prominent guests were there including then U.S. Senator Charles O. Andrews (1877-1946). Date Created 1941-03-19 Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Beggs, J. D. Source Original typewritten letter from J. D. Beggs, March 13, 1941: <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. Source Repository <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Alternative Title Letter from Beggs (March 13, 1941) Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original typewritten letter from J. D. Beggs, March 13, 1941. Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida.<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/157" target="_blank"> </a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/157" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpg Extent 339 KB Medium 1-page typewritten letter Language eng Type Text Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Gold, Stephen Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://livingnewdeal.org/projects/federal-building-orlando-fl/" target="_blank">Federal Building - Orlando FL - Living New Deal</a>." Living New Deal. April 18, 2015. Accessed October 27, 2015. http://livingnewdeal.org/projects/federal-building-orlando-fl/. "<a href="http://www.orlandomemory.info/memory/image/letter-us-senator-andrews-postmaster-general-j-d-beggs" target="_blank">Letter to U.S. Senator Andrews from Postmaster General J. D. Beggs</a>." Orlando Memory. August 29, 2012. Accessed October 13, 2015. http://www.orlandomemory.info/memory/image/letter-us-senator-andrews-postmaster-general-j-d-beggs. Dickinson, Joy Wallace. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2001-09-02/news/0108310478_1_catholic-school-james-church-church-property" target="_blank">Church Comes Full Circle With Its Post Office Deal</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, September 2, 2001. Accessed October 11, 2015. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2001-09-02/news/0108310478_1_catholic-school-james-church-church-property. Chief Post Office Inspector Downtown Orlando Downtown Orlando Post Office Greater Orlando Chamber of Commerce Jefferson Street K. P. Aldrich orlando post offices postmaster Second Assistant Postmaster General Smith W. Purdum United States Post Office and Court House https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0d48057cdec41c5f5cf3c6668bfe7f5c.jpg ef5d39a818577342fa49491862adf4f5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from James D. Beggs, Jr. to Charles O. Andrews (April 7, 1941) Alternative Title Letter from Beggs to Andrews (Apr. 7, 1941) Subject Orlando (Fla.) Courthouses--Florida Post offices Description A letter from Orlando Postmaster James D. Beggs, Jr. to Senator Charles O. Andrews (1877-1946). The letter was written in response to Sen. Andrews' request to be informed about the history of the Downtown Orlando Post Office. Beggs states he will enclose the requested history, as well as the history of the Orlando division of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James D. Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land of Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen & Son. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Type Text Source Original letter from J. D. Beggs to Charles O. Andrews, April 7, 1941: Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck. Is Referenced By "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7618" target="_blank">Letter from James D. Beggs, Jr. to Charles O. Andrews (April 8, 1941)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7618. References "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7612" target="_blank">Letter from Charles O. Andrews to J. D. Beggs, Jr. (April 4, 1941)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7612. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7596" target="_blank">Memorandum by Judge Akerman for James D. Beggs, Jr.</a>" RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7596. Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Beggs, James D., Jr. Contributor Buck, Texann Ivy Date Created 1941-04-07 Format image/jpg Extent 128 KB Medium 1-page typewritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by James D. Beggs, Jr. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Texann Ivy Buck and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Stoddard, James Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck External Reference Kilsheimer, Joe. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/201942542" target="_blank">Old Post Offices Aid Revitalization Efforts</a>." AMERICAN CITY AND COUNTY. 119: 20-21. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Alexander Akerman Charles O. Andrews Charles Oscar Andrews courthouses Downtown Orlando Downtown Orlando Post Office J. D. Beggs James D. Beggs, Jr. judges orlando post offices postmasters U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida U.S. Post Office Department U.S. Senators https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2036bffaaed58be751f8f6c440b32b08.jpg 57034358fba8b17c05484a0f77262071 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from James D. Beggs, Jr. to Charles O. Andrews (April 9, 1941) Alternative Title Letter from Beggs to Andrews (Apr. 9, 1941) Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Description A letter from Orlando Postmaster James D. Beggs, Jr. to Senator Charles O. Andrews (1877-1946), regarding the Senator’s request to be informed about the history of the Downtown Orlando Post Office. Beggs states he has enclosed the requested history, which was prepared by the Greater Orlando Chamber of Commerce. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James D. Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land of Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen & Son. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Type Text Source Original letter from J. D. Beggs to Charles O. Andrews, April 9, 1941: Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck. References "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7609" target="_blank">History of Orlando Post Office Promotion</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7609. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7618" target="_blank">Letter from James D. Beggs, Jr. to Charles O. Andrews (April 8, 1941)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7618. Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Beggs, James D., Jr. Contributor Buck, Texann Ivy Date Created 1941-04-09 Format image/jpg Extent 150 KB Medium 1-page typewritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by James D. Beggs, Jr. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Texann Ivy Buck and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Stoddard, James Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck External Reference Kilsheimer, Joe. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/201942542" target="_blank">Old Post Offices Aid Revitalization Efforts</a>." AMERICAN CITY AND COUNTY. 119: 20-21. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Assistant Postmaster General Charles O. Andrews Charles Oscar Andrews Downtown Orlando Downtown Orlando Post Office Greater Orlando Chamber of Commerce J. D. Beggs James D. Beggs, Jr. orlando post offices Walter D. Myers https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/574b2d49e7d83fa633f7d19670deac0c.jpg a9febdd743ae38aae93d389abdc318a6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from James D. Beggs, Jr. to Walter D. Myers (April 9. 1941) Alternative Title Letter from Beggs to Myers (Apr. 9, 1941) Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Description A telegram from Senator Charles O. Andrews (1877-1946) to the Orlando Postmaster, James D. Beggs, Jr. Sen. Andrews informed Beggs that Walter D. Myers, the Fourth Assistant Postmaster General, will be participating in the dedication ceremony of the Downtown Orlando Post Office of April 15, 1941. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James D. Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land of Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen & Son. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Type Text Source Original letter from J. D. Beggs to Walter D. Myers, April 9, 1941: Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck. References "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7617" target="_blank">Letter from James D. Beggs to Charles O. Andrews (April 8, 1941)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7617. Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Beggs, James D., Jr. Contributor Buck, Texann Ivy Date Created 1941-04-09 Format image/jpg Extent 293 KB Medium 1-page typewritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by James D. Beggs, Jr. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Texann Ivy Buck and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Stoddard, James Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck External Reference Kilsheimer, Joe. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/201942542" target="_blank">Old Post Offices Aid Revitalization Efforts</a>." AMERICAN CITY AND COUNTY. 119: 20-21. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Charles O. Andrews Charles Oscar Andrews dedication ceremonies dedication ceremony Downtown Orlando Downtown Orlando Post Office Federal Building J. D. Beggs James D. Beggs, Jr. orlando post offices postmasters Walter D. Myers https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/19b3f6a1e916fe7004d2b00c85bf02e6.jpg 52baa09c4a9394906030943857204009 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from James D. Beggs to Charles O. Andrews (April 8, 1941) Alternative Title Letter from Beggs to Andrews (Apr. 8, 1941) Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Description A letter from Orlando Postmaster James D. Beggs, Jr. to Senator Charles O. Andrews (1877-1946). In the letter, Beggs informs Sen. Andrews that he has received a telegram from Smith W. Purdum, the Second Assistant Postmaster General. Beggs also inquires as to whether Sen. Andrews can determine if Kildroy P. Aldrich, Chief Post Office Inspector, will be present for the dedication of the new Downtown Orlando Post Office of April 15, 1941. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James D. Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land of Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen & Son. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Type Text Source Original letter from James D. Beggs, Jr. to Charles O. Andrews, April 8, 1941: Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck. References "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7616" target="_blank">Telegram from Smith W. Purdum to James D. Beggs, Jr. (April 8, 1941)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7616. Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Beggs, James D., Jr. Contributor Buck, Texann Ivy Date Created 1941-04-09 Format image/jpg Extent 131 KB Medium 1-page typewritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by James D. Beggs, Jr. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Texann Ivy Buck and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Stoddard, James Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck External Reference Kilsheimer, Joe. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/201942542" target="_blank">Old Post Offices Aid Revitalization Efforts</a>." AMERICAN CITY AND COUNTY. 119: 20-21. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Charles O. Andrews Charles Oscar Andrews dedication ceremonies dedication ceremony Downtown Orlando Downtown Orlando Post Office J. D. Beggs James D. Beggs, Jr. Kildroy P. Aldrich orlando post offices Smith W. Purdum https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4ee2b22d8c8f91402c3e62b6fca6831e.jpg b5fd9c08e4e1f38d94f7cc95760f4a39 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from James D. Beggs, Jr. to Charles O. Andrews (April 8, 1941) Alternative Title Letter from Beggs to Andrews (Apr. 8, 1941) Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Description A letter from Orlando Postmaster James D. Beggs, Jr. to Senator Charles O. Andrews (1877-1946). In reference to two prior letters, Beggs had prepared statistics for Sen. Andrews’ speech to be delivered at the dedication ceremony for the new Downtown Orlando Post Office . The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James D. Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land of Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen & Son. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Type Text Source Original letter from James D. Beggs, Jr. to Charles O. Andrews, April 8, 1941: Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck. Is Referenced By "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7613" target="_blank">Letter from James D. Beggs, Jr. to Charles O. Andrews (April 9, 1941)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7613. References "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7612" target="_blank">Letter from Charles O. Andrews to J. D. Beggs, Jr. (April 4, 1941)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7612. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7611" target="_blank">Letter from J. D. Beggs to Senator Charles O. Andrews (April 7, 1941)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7611. Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Beggs, James D., Jr. Contributor Buck, Texann Ivy Date Created 1941-04-09 Format image/jpg Extent 117 KB Medium 1-page typewritten letter Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by James D. Beggs, Jr. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Texann Ivy Buck and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Stoddard, James Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck External Reference Kilsheimer, Joe. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/201942542" target="_blank">Old Post Offices Aid Revitalization Efforts</a>." AMERICAN CITY AND COUNTY. 119: 20-21. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Charles O. Andrews Charles Oscar Andrews Downtown Orlando Downtown Orlando Post Office J. D. Beggs James D. Beggs, Jr. orlando post offices https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b612a62eeb23d56f58363ed1fd192a20.jpg cafe6e904a7f178a8246c6fd16434520 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Exhibit Alternative Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Exhibit Subject Orlando (Fla) Post offices Description This exhibit, produced by Orlando Remembered shows objects from the Downtown Orlando Post Office, located at 51 E Jefferson Street. The post office was constructed in 1941 on land purchased from the adjacent St James Catholic Church. It still functions as a post office today; however, the building also houses the offices for the Diocese of Orlando. Orlando Remembered is a community based group, dedicated to the preservation of Downtown Orlando's past. To date, the group has constructed 18 exhibits in the downtown area that highlight the current building's connection to the past. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Rosalind J. Beiler, September 10, 2015 Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/157" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Beiler, Rosalind J. Date Created 2015-09-10 Format image/jpg Extent 101 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Rosalind J. Beiler. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Barnes, Mark Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> External Reference Kilsheimer, Joe. "<a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/201942542" target="_blank">Old Post Offices Aid Revitalization Efforts</a>" AMERICAN CITY AND COUNTY. 119: 20-21. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Downtown Orlando Downtown Orlando Post Office exhibits orlando Orlando Remembered post offices https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/1e4f11765e80ddd454e927f1c352d6e9.jpg 09af5f25cb4dd3285e1bdc9b81533f94 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title St. James Catholic Cathedral Exhibit Alternative Title St. James Catholic Cathedral Exhibit Subject Orlando (Fla) Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Description This exhibit shows objects from St. James Catholic Cathedral, located at 215 North Orange Ave. In 1881, the church developed the property as a parochial school. The school, known as St. James Academy, was home to 200 students until 1929. In the 1930s the Catholic Church sold the property to the Federal government, which used the land to construct the Downtown Orlando Post Office. In 1989, the church repurchased the land and today shares the building with the United States Postal Service (USPS). Orlando Remembered is a community based group, dedicated to the preservation of Downtown Orlando's past. To date, the group has constructed 18 exhibits in the downtown area that highlight the current building's connection to the past. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Rosalind J. Beiler, September 10, 2015 Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/157" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage St. James Catholic Church, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Catholic Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Beiler, Rosalind J. Date Created 2015-09-10 Format image/jpg Extent 87.69 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Rosalind J. Beiler. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Barnes, Mark Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. 1940-1960 Orlando Remembered, Downtown Orlando, St James Catholic Cathedral, Post Office https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0a7073fbc80b6f09bdc8878bf24b6cdc.pdf f22576e43579528c982763d5f9bd76a0 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c8c52d6e2ea545a06438164eeb69625d.pdf 67eaada6c7fcdd1cf13b77e3b463d04f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Text 2 color photographs Original Format 2 color photographs Physical Dimensions 4 x 6 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Ella Milner at Citizen's Bank of Oviedo Alternative Title Milner at Citizen's Bank of Oviedo Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Dogs--Florida Description Ella Milner in front of the Citizen's Bank of Oviedo, which originally opened on East Broadway Street on July 2, 1946. The land on which the bank sits was originally the Bill Browning celery farm. The Citizens Bank of Oviedo took in over half a million dollars in deposits on its first day, with B. F. Wheeler as president, C. R. Clonts as vice president, and Charles Shaffer as the cashier. In 1949, the bank moved to the Memorial Building, which is located at 38 South Central Avenue. On March 25, 1974, the Citizens' Bank of Oviedo reopened at 156 Geneva Drive. The bank is now the Citizens' Bank of Florida with locations throughout Seminole County. Type Still Image Source Original 4 x 6 inch color photographs by Dan Beistel, 1980: Private Collection of Dan Beistel. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank">Adobe Flash Player</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of a 4 x 6 inch color photographs by Dan Beistel, 1980. Coverage Citizen's Bank of Oviedo, Downtown Oviedo, Florida Creator Beistel, Dan Contributor Beistel, Dan Date Created 1980 Format application/pdf Extent 159 KB 148 KB Medium 4 x 6 inch color photographs Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Dan Beistel. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Dan Beistel and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Dossie, Porsha Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Dan Beistel External Reference Neely, Larry. "Citizens Bank Founded in 1946." The Oviedo Heritage, June 30, 1977 Rajtar, Steve. "<a href="http://www.geocities.ws/krdvry/hikeplans/oviedo/planoviedo.html" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Trail</a>". Steve Rajtar. http://www.geocities.ws/krdvry/hikeplans/oviedo/planoviedo.html bank Citizen's Bank of Oviedo Dan Beistel dog Downtown Oviedo Ella Milner Oviedo https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f7cad7c4046b3e7597dd72590c4ed962.jpg 57abfba89d89bfd86bc4dc9ebb10bc0a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection Alternative Title Orlando Post Office Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Churches--Florida Catholic Church--Florida Education--Florida Contributor Allison, Megan Baker, Keith Bernard, Sam Fallen, Riley Frye, Stephen Gold, Stephen Irizarry, Michael Joshi, Ashis Reed, Michael Shumate, Alayna Stoddard, James Tran, Tristan Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="http://tinyurl.com/o4zfrls" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office</a>, Downtown Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/20" target="_blank">Orlando Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Federal Building, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. Joseph's Academy, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. "<a href="https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm" target="_blank">Postal History</a>." United States Postal Service. https://about.usps.com/who-we-are/postal-history/welcome.htm. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23369979" target="_blank">St. James Pioneer Days: Parish & School Reunion : October 5-6, 1974</a>. [Orlando, Fla.]: [St. James Parish], 1974. "<a href="http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." St. James Cathedral. http://www.stjamesorlando.org/about-us/. Description The new Downtown Orlando Post Office building, located at 51 East Jefferson Street, in 1958. The original post office was housed in the Federal Building, located 44 East Central Boulevard in Downtown Orlando, Florida, from 1917 to 1941. In 1935, when James Beggs, Jr. became the postmaster, he began petitioning to move the post office from its Central Boulevard and Court Avenue location to a more spacious building. In 1939, St. James Catholic Church sold a plot of land on Jefferson Street for the new building. The building was designed by Louis A. Simon in the Northern Italian Palazzo Revival-style, and was constructed by J. P. Cullen and Sons. The new building opened in 1941 and housed the post office, the courthouse, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) offices. The building was named an Orlando Historic Landmark in 1989. However, it was eventually sold back to the St. James Church. In 2003, the building was renovated and came under joint ownership by both the church and the federal government. Today, the building retains its post office services but also includes offices for the Catholic Diocese. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from Frederick C. Belen to Jimmy Bryant (November 15, 1966) Alternative Title Letter from Belen to Bryant (Nov. 15, 1966) Subject Orlando (Fla.) Post offices Description A letter from Deputy Postmaster General Frederick C. Belen (ca. 1904-1999) to Orlando Postmaster Lucius A. Bryant. In the letter, Belen thanks Bryant for a weekend fishing trip in Orlando. Originally an attorney, Belen also served as counsel, chief counsel and staff director of the House Post Office and Civil Service Committee from 1946 to 1961. In 1961, he was appointed Assistant Postmaster General for Operations. From 1964 to 1969, Belen served as Deputy Postmaster General and is credited with the automation of mail processing and delivery. After serving in the U.S. Army during World War II, Bryant settled in Orlando's College Park neighborhood. At the time of his death in 2012, Bryant was the longest-serving postmaster for Orlando, a position that he held from 1951 to 1983. In 1952, William Beardall (1890-1984) appointed Bryant to the local aviation advisory board, which he served on for 22 years. Type Text Source Original letter from Frederick C. Belen to Jimmy Bryant, November 15, 1966: Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/157" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection</a>, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original letter from Frederick C. Belen to Jimmy Bryant, November 15, 1966. Coverage Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Belen, Frederick C. Contributor Buck, Texann Ivy Date Created 1966-11-15 Format image/jpg Medium 1-page typewritten letter on Deputy Postmaster general letterhead Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Frederick C. Belen. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Texann Ivy Buck and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Stoddard, James Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Texann Ivy Buck External Reference Saxon, Wolfgang. "<a href="http://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/15/us/frederick-christopher-belen-95-helped-automate-postal-system.html" target="_blank">Frederick Christopher Belen, 95</a> Helped Automate Postal System." The New York Times, October 15, 1999. http://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/15/us/frederick-christopher-belen-95-helped-automate-postal-system.html. Tracy, Dan. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-08-06/news/os-obit-bryant-20120806_1_orlando-sentinel-orlando-international-airport-greg-ethington" target="_blank">Lucius 'Jim' Bryant: Former Orlando postmaster was civic-minded</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, August 6, 2012. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-08-06/news/os-obit-bryant-20120806_1_orlando-sentinel-orlando-international-airport-greg-ethington. Anita Bryant Deputy Postmaster General Frederick C. Belen Frederick Christopher Belen Jimmy Bryant John Belen L. A. Bryant, Jr. Lucius A. Bryant orlando https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/0d4961693bc2fd6f3ba78d258f92c5ae.pdf 90cc96c9d9f67be05c952ca58460f4bb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Seminole County Public Schools Collection Alternative Title SCPS Collection Subject Seminole County (Fla.) Schools High schools--Florida Elementary schools Grammar schools Middle schools--Florida Education--Florida Teachers--Florida Educators--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the educational history of Seminole County, Florida. Items from this collection are donated by the Student Museum and UCF Public History Center. The Student Museum has collaborated with the University of Central Florida and established the UCF Public History Center (PHC). All of the Student Museum's collections are presently housed at the PHC. The goal of the PHC is to promote access to history through ground-breaking research connecting local to global, provide cutting-edge hands-on educational programs for students and visitors, and to engage the community in contributing to and learning from history. Contributor <a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a> <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/31" target="_blank">Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Cameron City, Sanford, Florida Crooms Academy, Goldsoboro, Sanford, Florida Chuluota Primary School, Chuluota, Florida East Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Forest City School, Forest City, Altamonte Springs, Florida Fort Reed, Sanford, Florida Gabriella Colored School, Gabriella, Oviedo, Florida Geneva Colored School, Geneva, Florida Geneva Elementary, Geneva, Florida Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Goldsboro Primary School, Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida Hungerford School, Florida Kolokee, Geneva, Florida Lake Howell High School, Winter Park, Florida Lake Mary School, Lake Mary, Florida Lake Monroe Colored School, Lake Monroe, Sanford, Florida Longwood School, Longwood, Florida Lyman High School, Longwood, Florida Lyman Elementary School, Longwood, Florida Midway, Sanford, Florida Osceola School, Osceola, Geneva, Florida Oviedo Colored School, Curryville, Oviedo, Florida Oviedo High School, Oviedo, Florida Oviedo School, Oviedo, Florida Paola, Florida Sanford Grammar School, Sanford, Florida Sanford High School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Junior High School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Middle School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Primary School, Sanford, Florida Seminole County Public Schools, Sanford, Florida Seminole High School, Sanford, Florida South Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Student Museum, Sanford, Florida UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida Wagner Colored School, Florida Westside Grammar Elementary School, Sanford, Florida West Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Wilson School, Altamonte Springs, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. Accrual Method Donation Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 3-page school assignment Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sanford High School Geography Assignment, 1909 Alternative Title Sanford High Geography Assignment Subject Sanford (Fla.) Schools High schools--Florida Education--Florida Description A geography assignment completed by Sanford High School student Mary Belle in 1909. Only part of the assignment remains, approximately questions 6-10. Sanford High School was originally established at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on Sanford Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. In 1984, the building was placed on the National Registry of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. The building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012. In 1927, a high school campus was designed by Elton J. Moughton in the Mediterranean revival style and constructed at 1700 French Avenue. The school reopened on January 10 and was renamed Seminole High School. In 1960, the high school moved to a new campus at 2701 Ridgewood Avenue and the former building on French Avenue was converted to Sanford Junior High School, which was later renamed Sanford Middle School. The old building was demolished in the summer of 1991 and replaced by a $5.77 million school complex. As of 2013, Seminole High School offers various Advanced Placement courses, the Academy for Health Careers, and the International Baccalaureate Programme for students. Type Text Source Original school assignment completed by Mary Belle, 1909: Sanford High School Collection, box 3A, folder Student Work 1909, item SCPS00521, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Sanford High School Collection, box 3A, folder Student Work 1909, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/73" target="_blank">Seminole County Public Schools Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original school assignment completed by Mary Belle, 1909. Coverage Sanford High School, Sanford, Florida Creator Belle, Mary Date Created 1909-05-11 Format application/pdf Extent 1.46 MB Medium 3-page school assignment Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Mary Belle. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.seminolehs.scps.k12.fl.us/" target="_blank">Seminole High School</a>." Seminole High School, Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.seminolehs.scps.k12.fl.us/. "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. 7th Street Belle, Mary education geography high schools Sanford Sanford High School schools Seventh Street https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c33a9cc193622afe2dd11f12541a1eac.jpg f1e8c231144dba9270c6054613dc8a8c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Dr. Calvin Fowler Collection Alternative Title Fowler Collection Subject Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (Fla.) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.) NASA John F. Kennedy Space Center Kennedy Space Center Description Collection of images, documents, and other archival items donated by Dr. Calvin "Cal" D. Fowler, who was the manager of Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 14 during the final three launches of Project Mercury. Contributor Fowler, Calvin "Cal" D. <a href="http://srealserver.eecs.ucf.edu/chronopoints/" target="_blank">Chronopoints</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/148" target="_blank">Florida Space Coast History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Cape Canaveral, Florida General Dynamics/Astronautics, Cocoa Beach, Florida John F. Kennedy Space Center, Merritt Island, Florida Patrick Air Force Base, Florida Covair/Astronautics, Mission Training Center, Port Canaveral, Florida U.S. Space Walk of Fame Museum, Titusville, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, Redstone Arsenal, Hunstville, Alabama Space Systems Division Headquarters, Air Force Systems Command, United States Air Force, El Segundo, California General Dynamics/Astronautics Factory, San Diego, California Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Texas Space Center Houston, Houston, Texas Fairchild Air Force Base, Washington Francis E. Warren Air Force Base, Wyoming Valley Forge, Pennsylvania Contributing Project <a href="http://virtualheritage.ist.ucf.edu/cchp/" target="_blank">Florida Space Coast History Project</a> Curator Michlowitz, Robert Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/history/mercury/mercury-overview.htm">Project Mercury Overview</a>." John F. Kennedy Space Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/history/mercury/mercury-overview.htm. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Canaveral Leaves Mind Sharp Bits Amid Clutter Alternative Title Canaveral Leaves Mind Sharp Bits Amid Clutter Subject Cape Canaveral (Fla.) Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (Fla.) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (U.S.) NASA Project Mercury (U.S.) Astronauts--United States Atlas (Missile) Cooper, Leroy Gordon, 1927-2004 Cooper, Gordon, 1927-2004 Description A newspaper article from The Baltimore Sun published on May 20, 1963. Written by Stephen A. Bennett, the article provides details Mercury-Atlas 9 (MA-9), the final manned space mission for Project Mercury. MA-9 launched from Launch Complex 14 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) in Cape Canaveral, on May 15, 1963. Gordon Cooper (1927-2004) traveled in Faith 7, successfully orbiting the Earth 22 and a half times before returned to Earth the following day. Type Text Source Original newspaper article: Bennett, Stephen A. "Canaveral Leaves Mind Sharp Bits Amid Clutter." The Baltimore Sun, May 20, 1963: Private Collection of Dr. Calvin D. Fowler. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/" target="_blank">The Baltimore Sun</a>, May 20, 1963. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/149" target="_blank">Dr. Calvin Fowler Collection</a>, Florida Space Coast History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: Bennett, Stephen A. "Canaveral Leaves Mind Sharp Bits Amid Clutter." The Baltimore Sun, May 20, 1963. Coverage Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 14, Cape Canaveral, Florida Creator Bennett, Stephen A. Publisher <a href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/" target="_blank">The Baltimore Sun</a> Contributor Fowler, Calvin "Cal" D. <a href="http://srealserver.eecs.ucf.edu/chronopoints/" target="_blank">Chronopoints</a> Date Created ca. 1963-05-20 Date Issued 1963-05-20 Date Copyrighted 1963-05-20 Format image/jpg Extent 184 KB Medium 1 newspaper article Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Stephen A. Bennett and published by <a href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/" target="_blank">The Baltimore Sun</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/" target="_blank">The Baltimore Sun</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://virtualheritage.ist.ucf.edu/cchp/" target="_blank">Florida Space Coast History Project</a> Curator Michlowitz, Robert Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/history/mercury/ma-9/ma-9.htm">Faith 7 MA-9 (26)</a>." John F. Kennedy Space Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. http://www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov/history/mercury/ma-9/ma-9.htm. astronauts Atlas Atlas 130-D Cal Fowler Calvin D. Fowler Cape Canaveral Cape Canaveral Air Force Station CCAFS Cocoa Beach Goddard Space Flight Center Gordo Cooper Greenbelt Greenbelt, Maryland John Herschel Glenn, Jr. launch Launch Complex 14 LC-14 Leroy Gordon Cooper, Jr. LHD-3 MA-9 Manned Spacecraft Center Mercury 7 Mercury Control Mercury-Atlas Mercury-Atlas 9 missiles NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration Project Mercury Robert B. Voss rockets space Stephen A. Bennett USS Kearsarge https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/51e064c0ac78bcde201b32c8641dbd57.jpg caf960687d122d9c000693cbb313ec67 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Fifteenth Census Population for New Port Richey, Pasco County, Florida, 1930 Alternative Title Census, 1930 Subject Census--United States Population--United States Description The Fifteenth United States Census records for New Port Richey, Pasco County, Florida, for 1930. The census divides the population into categories of name, age, sex, race, marital status, occupants and relation to head of house, whether the home is owned or rented, value of home or rent, whether home is a farm residence, whether the home has a radio. It also records college attendance, literacy, birthplace and birthplace of parents, citizenship status, language spoken before coming to United States, year of immigration, occupation or business, class of worker, whether they worked the previous day, military status, and the war or expedition participated in. A notable resident listed in this record is Leland Clyde Poole (1922-1995). Born in Tarpon Springs, Florida, on November 29, 1922, Poole enlisted in the United States Navy on December 02, 1940, at the age of 19. He reached the rank of Quartermaster Chief Petty Officer in 1948. After retiring from the military, Poole worked with the Florida Marine Patrol. Leland Clyde Poole passed away on January 4, 1995, in his Florida home. The United States Navy interred Poole on March 11, 1996, at Florida National Cemetery, in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original census record by D. Ruth Bentley, April 4, 1930. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage New Port Richey, Florida Creator Bentley, D. Ruth <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a> Date Created 1930-04-04 Format image/jpg Extent 1.32 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by D. Ruth Bentley and published by the <a href="https://www.census.gov/" target="_blank"> United States Census Bureau</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Connolly, Lehman Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="http://dos.myflorida.com/library-archives/about-us/about-the-state-archives-of-florida/">Florida State Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Anderson, Margo J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/931708638" target="_blank">The American Census: A Social History</a>. New Haven [u.a.]: Yale Univ. Press, 2015. 1930 United States Census Bushnell census records Florida National Cemetery Leland Clyde Poole military history military service national cemeteries, American National Cemetery Administration population veterans Veterans Administration Veterans Legacy Program https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/966a7289c18ad8ed2ec3c9a1cbbaf02e.pdf be67bad556c0d737006bc86278230b0e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Park Collection Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of Winter Park, Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The first known residents of the Winter Park area were the Seminole Indians, who were a creolized culture resulting from the intermingling of the Muscogee (also known as the Creek) people and the Chotaw people. In 1858, David Mizell, Hr. purchased a homestead between Lake Virginia, Lake Mizell, and Lake Berry. The settlement around his homestead was first called Lake View, until it was renamed Osceola in 1870. When a South Florida Railroad track was laid nearby, the area began to develop. Loring Chase and Oliver E. Chapman began planning the town of Winter Park around the late 1870s and early 1880s. Rollins College, Florida's first four-year college, was founded in 1885 and the Seminole Hotel opened the following year. Contributor <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> Cepero, Laura Lynn Alternative Title Winter Park Collection Subject Winter Park (Fla.) Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Winter Park, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://cityofwinterpark.org/" target="_blank">City of Winter Park</a>." City of Winter Park, Florida. http://cityofwinterpark.org/. "<a href="http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/" target="_blank">WINTER PARK HISTORY</a>." Winter Park History Museum, Winter Park Historical Society. http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/152" target="_blank">Albin Polasek Museum & Sculpture Gardens Collection</a>, Winter Park Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A Side Walk with the Art Festival, 1960-1979 Alternative Title Winter Park Sidewalk Art Festival Subject Winter Park (Fla.) Artists--Florida Art--Southern States Festivals--Florida Description A Side Walk with the Art Festival by Elizabeth Bradley Bentley. The book celebrates two decades of the Winter Park Sidewalk Art Festival in Winter Park, Florida. Bentley documents the festival's history using newspaper articles, oral history interviews, personal experiences, scrapbooks, programs and minutes. Each chapter in Section One represents one year of the festival. Several photographs of prize winning displays are included. Section Two is an appendix of winners, judges, officers, committees, commission and associates. Debuting in 1960, the Winter Park Sidewalk Art Festival is one of the nation's oldest, largest, and most prestigious outdoor art festivals. By 2018, after 60 years, the festival attracted more than 350,000 visitors a year. 225 artists are selected from over 1,000 applicants by a panel of three independent judges. Arts and crafts categories include clay, digital art, drawings and pastels, fiber, glass, graphics and printmaking, jewelry, leather, metal, mixed media 2D, mixed media 3D, painting, photography, sculpture, watercolor and wood. The festival incorporates hands-on activities for young children and students to encourage participation in and appreciation of the arts. Type Text Source Original 160-page book: Bentley, Elizabeth Bradley. A Side Walk with the Art Festival. Winter Park, Florida: Cody Publications, 1979. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/34" target="_blank">Winter Park Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 160-page book: Bentley, Elizabeth Bradley. A Side Walk with the Art Festival. Winter Park, Florida: Cody Publications, 1979. Coverage Winter Park, Florida Creator Bentley, Elizabeth Bradley Publisher Cody Publications, Kissimmee, Florida Contributor Shepp, James G. Date Created ca. 1979 Date Issued ca. 1979 Date Copyrighted ca. 1979 Format application/pdf Extent 21.0 MB Medium 160-page book Language eng Mediator History Teacher Visual Arts Teacher Provenance Originally created by Elizabeth Bradley Bentley and published by Cory Publications. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Elizabeth Bradley Bentley and the Winter Park Sidewalk Art Festival and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Hearn, Nikki Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://wpsaf.org/about/about.html" target="_blank">About the Festival</a>." WPSAF.org, accessed July 9, 2018. http://wpsaf.org/about/about.html. Bentley, Elizabeth Bradley. A Side Walk with the Art Festival. Winter Park, Florida: Cody Publications, 1979. Gillespie, Ryan. "<a href="https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/orange/os-winter-park-art-festival-20180315-story.html" target="_blank">Winter Park Sidewalk Art Festival draws thousands in 59th year</a>." Orlando Sentinel, March 18, 2018. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/orange/os-winter-park-art-festival-20180315-story.html. Alden Campbell Alice Durrick Allen Trovillion Anita West Ann Brandt Anne Hubbard Anne Killiany Anne Mayberry Anthony Vassalo Arnold Loren Hicks art art festival Aubry Pruit Bea Johns Betsy Burke Bill Blaine Bill Orr Bill Parrish Bill Royal Bill Westerman Bobby Green Bruce Blackman Bud Lennox Calvin Lennox Carl Schreck Carol Bechtel Carol Lotspeich Caroline Ottman Carolyn Webb Central Florida Community Orchestra Charles Brown Charles Capehart Charles Gerhardt Charles Loffgren Charles Williams Charlotte Van Nymegen Claire Dorst Claire Sorrells Claire Thompson Clay Taylor Cody Publications crafts Cynthia Bringle Dan Hunter Daniel Linhart Darwin Nichols David "Dave" Calhoun Don Duer Don Sill Dorothy Bolander Dot Booth Doug Prince Duane Stark Duncan Sowles E. N. Bates Ed Poucher Edith Hufnagel Edith Tadd Little Edward Gurney Elizabeth Bradley "Lib" Bentley Elsie Shaw Erik Larsen Ernest Eidlitz Eugene Bunder Fay Johns Fran Oliphant Frank Colson Frank Lamb Frank Oliphant Frank Sheehy Fred Messersmith Fred Owles Fritz Warneke Gayle Hamilton George Beasley George Rackensperger Gerry Shepp Glen Bischof Glenn Eden Gordon Steele Grady Kimsey graphic design Gretchen Ebersol Gretchen Hobby Gus Weinstein Hannah Daniels Harold Williamson Helen Henderson High Flying Boy Jack and Jill Nursery Jack Dunathan Jack Turner Jackie LeGette James Driver James G. Shepp James Hall James McLean James Schietinger James Wayne Jan McDonald Jan Ring Jane Newman Janice Ring Jean Oliphant Jean Reese Jean Tscherfinger Jeffrey Dunn Jeffrey Kronsnoble Jerry Brownell Jim Anderson Jim MacMahon Joan Henns Joan Partington Joe Testa Secca Joel Durand John Armstrong John Cooley John Holmes John Neff John Rung John Tilton John Williams Jones High School Band Judy Ellis-Brown June Fokcarelli Karen Albritton Karl Bolander Kary Lamb Keith Johns Keith Reeves Kristine Kay L. C. Davis L. T. Brereton Lee Litt Leslie Silva Lester Davis Linda Lamons Louise Cazel Lowell Lotspeich Maggie Rogers Maitland Association of Fine Arts Maitland Civic Center Marena Grant Margaret Steele Marie Malpass Marie Rickter Mark Peiser Marney Coleman Martha Larson Maureen Cimcock Maury Hurt Mildred Lynch Millicent Clark Nancy Hall Nancy McGee Nick Nichols oil paintings Orlando Art Association Otto Souder paintings Pan Linhart Park Avenue Paula Girard Phillip Tennant photography Que Poole R. A. Holden R. P. Hubbard Red Pepper Garden Club Repertory Theater Company Richard "Dick" Webb Richard Hart Richard Weidley Rita Shumaker Robert "Bob" Anderson Robert Cummings Robert Henns Robert Huff Robert Knowlton Robert Levin Robert McGee Robert Singleton Rod Reeves Rollins College Ron Clemmer Rosemary Gillett Royal Ballet Ruth Holmes Sarah Drummond sculptures Sidewalk Art Festival Sue Williams Sun Herald Susan Batori Suzanne Camp Crosby T. R. Aaron Thomas Zimmerman Tinka Harmon Tom Hurley Tony Ponticelli U. C. Weisner Vi Didea Vincent Palmer Viola Mann Peters Violet Dunham Wallace Green Walt Soreson Walter Jensen Walter Neals water color paintings Wayne Beerbower William "Bill" Harmon William M. Hobby Winter Park Winter Park Chamber of Commerce Winter Park City Commission Winter Park Public Library Winter Park Sidewalk Art Festival Winter Park Sidewalk Art Festival Commission Yellow Wall https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/35fbe070f1c4e86b9ffbd2efed61f86d.pdf 975bb16c2b4e8f79fc34a2fde7ba21dc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Jesse Cutler Collection Alternative Title Cutler Collection Language eng Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Description Collection of digital images, documents, and oral histories depicting the life and work of Jesse Cutler. Cutler has spent an illustrious career, beginning at age 12, as a musician, composer, actor, producer, and entrepreneur. Starting in New York City in the 1960s and then in Los Angeles from the early ‘70s through the late ‘90s, Jesse performed with his bands and in the original cast of Godspell on Broadway, made records that saw Billboard’s Top 100, formed his own companies and appeared on TV and radio and in national print. Subject Music--Florida Winter Park (Fla.) Godspell (Motion picture) Type Collection Coverage Winter Park, Florida Los Angeles, California New York, New York Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Personal Collection of Jesse Cutler External Reference "<a href="http://cityofwinterpark.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">City of Winter Park</a>." City of Winter Park, Florida. http://cityofwinterpark.org/. "<a href="http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">WINTER PARK HISTORY</a>." Winter Park History Museum, Winter Park Historical Society. http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/. Cutler, Jesse. "<a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/268957223" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Starlust : The Price of Fame</a>. Garden City, N.Y.: Morgan James Publishing. 2008. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/140" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title "Godspell" Playbill Alternative Title "Godspell" Subject Music--New York (State)--New York--20th century Godspell (Motion picture) Description A playbill for the Playfare production of the musical "Godspell". The playbill lists the cast, producers, musicians, writers, director and crew. The musical numbers are also listed in order, along with the corresponding performers. According the playbill, the first performance was May 17, 1971, at The Cherry Lane Theatre in New York, New York. Jesse Cutler is listed as the electric guitar and bass guitar player in the band. Jesse Cutler has spent an illustrious career, beginning at age 12, as a musician, composer, actor, producer, and entrepreneur. Starting in New York City in the 1960s and then in Los Angeles from the early ‘70s through the late ‘90s, Jesse performed with his bands and in the original cast of Godspell on Broadway, made records that saw Billboard’s Top 100, formed his own companies and appeared on TV and radio and in national print. Creator Beruh, Jospeh Duncan, Stuart Lansbury, Edgar Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Date Created 1971-05-17 Date Copyrighted 1971-05-17 Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/227" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Jesse Cutler Collection</a>, <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/140" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES. Format application/pdf Extent 24.4 MB Language eng Type Still Images Coverage The Cherry Lane Theatre, New York City, New York Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Edgar Lansbury, Stuart Duncan, Joseph Beruh. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Jesse Cutler and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Jesse Cutler. External Reference Cutler, Jesse. "<a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/268957223" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Starlust : The Price of Fame</a>. Garden City, N.Y.: Morgan James Publishing. 2008. "<a href="http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">WINTER PARK HISTORY</a>." Winter Park History Museum, Winter Park Historical Society. http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/. "<a href="http://cityofwinterpark.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">City of Winter Park</a>." City of Winter Park, Florida. http://cityofwinterpark.org/. Edgar Lansbury Godspell Jesse Cutler Joseph Beruh music musicians playbill Playfare recording studio soundtrack Stephen Schwartz Stuart Duncan The Cherry Lane Theatre Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida Collection Alternative Title History of Central Florida Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Astor, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Fort King, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Miami, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Tavares, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Original Format 1 video podcast Duration 13 minutes and 9 seconds Producer Cassanello, Robert Director Bethany, Dickens Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida, Episode 32: Tapestries Alternative Title Tapestries Podcast Subject New Smyrna Beach (Fla.) Great Depression, 1929-1939 New Deal, 1933-1939--Florida Embroidery--United States Description Episode 32 of A History of Central Florida Podcast: Tapestries. A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 32 features a discussion of New Deal-era tapestries displayed at the New Smyrna Museum of History in New Smyrna Beach, Florida. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Susan Ware, author Nick Taylor, and Dr. Nick Wynne of the Florida Historical Society. Type Moving Image Source Original 13-minute and 9-second podcast by Bethany Dickens, 2014: "A History of Central Florida, Episode 32: Tapestries." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank">Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank">Java</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage New Smyrna Museum of History, New Smyrna Beach, Florida Tampa, Florida Southeast Volusia Chamber of Commerce, New Smyrna Beach, Florida Miami, Florida Orlando, Florida Jacksonville, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Creator Bethany, Dickens Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Ware, Susan Taylor, Nick Wynne, Nick Cassanello, Robert Clarke, Bob Ford, Chip Gibson, Ella Hazen, Kendra Kelley, Katie Velásquez, Daniel <a href="http://www.nsbhistory.org/" target="_blank">New Smyrna Museum of History</a> <a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a> <a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/" target="_blank">Florida Memory Project</a> Date Created ca. 2014-11-17 Date Issued 2014-11-17 Date Copyrighted 2014-11-17 Format video/mp4 Medium 13-minute and 9-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Humanities Teacher Virtual Arts Teacher Provenance Originally created by Bethany Dickens and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/4571" target="_blank">Episode 32: Tapestries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/4571. Ware, Susan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6889496" target="_blank">Beyond Suffrage, Women in the New Deal</a>. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1981. Taylor, Nick. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/170057676" target="_blank">American-Made: The Enduring Legacy of the WPA: When FDR Put the Nation to Work</a>. New York: Bantam Book, 2008. Wynne, Nick, and Joe Knetsch. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/814373323" target="_blank">Florida in the Great Depression: Desperation and Defiance</a>. 2012. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/RI9Q2NBoiiE" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 32: Tapestries</a> Extent 109 MB A History of Central Florida American Civil War Bethany Dickens Bob Clarke Chip Ford Civil War Cora S. Wilson Daniel Velásquez Division of Women's and Professional Projects Dorothy Morton Ella Gibson embroidery Federal Emergency Relief Act FERA Florida Historical Society Franciscan Missions Franciscans gender Great Depression Harry Hopkins Jacksonville Katie Kelley Kendra Hazen labor Miami missionaries missions Native Americans New Deal New Smyrna Beach New Smyrna Museum of history Nick Taylor Nick Wynne OCRHC Orange County Regional History Center orlando Osborne, Georgia Rio De La Cruz Robert Cassanello Seminole Wars sewing sewing rooms Southeast Volusia Chamber of Commerce St. Petersburg Susan Ware Tampa tapestry Turnbull Colony woman women Works Progress Administration Works Progress Administration Women's Training Work Centers WPA Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida Collection Alternative Title History of Central Florida Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description A History of Central Florida Podcast series explores Central Florida's history through the artifacts found in local area museums and historical societies. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Astor, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Fort King, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Miami, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Tavares, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Original Format 1 podcast Duration 12 minutes and 10 seconds Compression 136kbps Producer Cassanello, Robert Director Bethany, Dickens Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A History of Central Florida, Episode 37: Uniforms Alternative Title Uniforms Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries United States. Army Women's Army Corps (U.S.) Women--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Daytona Beach (Fla.) Description Episode 37 of A History of Central Florida Podcast: Uniforms. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 37 features a discussion of the Women's Army Corps (WAC) uniform displayed at the Halifax Historical Museum in Daytona Beach, Florida. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Tracy J. Revels of Wofford College and Dr. Leonard Lemple of Daytona State College. Type Moving Image Source Original 12-minute and 10-second podcast by Bethany Dickens, 2013: RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida. <a href="http://youtu.be/RjOg09aeokc" target="_blank">http://youtu.be/RjOg09aeokc</a>. Requires <a href="http://www.apple.com/itunes/affiliates/download/" target="_blank">iTunes</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Halifax Historical Museum, Daytona Beach, Florida Creator Bethany, Dickens Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Revels, Tracy J. Lemple, Leonard Cassanello, Robert Clarke, Bob Ford, Chip Gibson, Ella Hazen, Kendra Kelley, Katie Velásquez, Daniel <a href="http://halifaxhistorical.org/" target="_blank">Halifax Historical Museum</a> <a href="http://www.loc.gov/" target="_blank">Library of Congress</a> <a href="http://www.floridamemory.com/" target="_blank">Florida Memory Project</a> <a href="http://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives and Records Administration</a> Date Created 2013 Date Issued 2015-01-11 Date Copyrighted 2015-01-11 Format application/website Medium 12-minute and 10-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Bethany Dickens and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://youtu.be/RjOg09aeokc" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 37: Uniforms</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. Williams, Vera S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36949896" target="_blank">WACs: Women's Army Corps</a>. Osceola, Wis: Motorbooks International, 1997. Holm, Jeanne. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8588924" target="_blank">Women in the Military: An Unfinished Revolution</a>. Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1982. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/RjOg09aeokc" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida, Episode 37: Uniforms</a> A History of Central Florida African American Albright, Helen Army Beach Street Bethune-Cookman College Bethune, Mary McLeod civil rights Civil War Clarke, Bob coat Daytona Beach Daytona State College desegregaiton Dickens, Bethany DSC Ford, Chip Gibson, Ella Great Depression Halifax Historical Museum Hazen, Kendra Hobby, Oveta Culp Howard, Alice integration Iowa Jewish Jewish American Kelley, Katie Lemple, Leonard liberty Ship nurse OCRHC Orange County Regional History Center pilot podcast race relations Raymond, H. H. recruitment Redondo Beach, California Revels, Tracy J. RICHES Robert Cassanello Roosevelt, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin Delanor segregation service industry souvenir patch St. Petersburg St. Regis Restaurant tourism training Tyndall Field U.S. Armed Forces U.S. Army uniform Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California Velásquez, Daniel WAAC WAC war effort Wofford College women Women's Army Auxiliary Corps Women's Army Corps women's rights Works Progress Administration World War I World War II WPA WWI WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a65dc83f74f45e62789681556022b517.jpeg 4af02f4d12c91cbe2a5b7590d020ee11 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/749f3f7c0e650c829cedef0668853b92.jpeg 87d11c83e584730f4bb9d5ec353a24e1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sumner Hutcheson III Collection Alternative Title Sumner Hutcheson Collection Subject Miami-Dade County (Fla.) Miami (Fla.) Description A collection of materials from Sumner Hutcheson III, who was a Senior Executive manager with the American Red Cross for over 30 years, a senior administrator at three universities, and Chair of the Peace and Justice Institute. Creator Hutcheson III, Sumner Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Donation Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title First Bethune-Cookman Football Team Alternative Title 1923 Bethune-Cookman Football Team Description Two colorized photographs of Bethune-Cookman's first football team in 1923. A notable member is Sumner "Skinner" Hutcheson, Jr. The team consisted of 15 students and was coached by Leon C. James. Creator Bethune-Cookman University Publisher Bethune-Cookman University Date Copyrighted ca. 1923 Coverage Bethune-Cookman University Subject Football -- Florida -- Daytona Beach -- Photographs Source 2 colorized photographs, 1923: Personal Collection of Sumner Hutcheson III. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/231" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sumner Hutcheson III Collection</a>, <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/182" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Miami-Dade County Collection</a>, RICHES. Format image/jpg External Reference Ryan, Dan. "<a href="https://bcuathletics.com/news/2023/10/14/dan-ryan-reflecting-on-100-years-of-bethune-cookman-football.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dan Ryan: Reflecting on 100 Years of Bethune-Cookman Football</a>." Bethune-Cookman Athletics. October 14, 2023. https://bcuathletics.com/news/2023/10/14/dan-ryan-reflecting-on-100-years-of-bethune-cookman-football.aspx. Accessed October 13, 2025. Extent 401 KB 189 KB Language eng Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Bethune-Cookman University. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Bethune-Cookman University and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Sumner Hutcheson III. Date Created ca. 1923 Medium Two colorized photographs Bethune-Cookman University Black history football football player football players football squad Leon C. James Sumner "Skinner" Hutcheson, Jr. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a10a33bbcb6446a5f4d3c572ce60342e.jpeg 9faa225d6d511d9ae613eaaf2d90bbc7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sumner Hutcheson III Collection Alternative Title Sumner Hutcheson Collection Subject Miami-Dade County (Fla.) Miami (Fla.) Description A collection of materials from Sumner Hutcheson III, who was a Senior Executive manager with the American Red Cross for over 30 years, a senior administrator at three universities, and Chair of the Peace and Justice Institute. Creator Hutcheson III, Sumner Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Donation Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title State Champions Bethune-Cookman Football Team Alternative Title 1925 Bethune-Cookman Football Team Description A colorized photograph of Bethune-Cookman's 1925 football team. The team won the state championship that year. A notable member is Sumner "Skinner" Hutcheson, Jr. Creator Bethune-Cookman University Publisher Bethune-Cookman University Date Created ca. 1925 Date Copyrighted ca. 1925 Coverage Bethune-Cookman University Subject Football -- Florida -- Daytona Beach -- Photographs Source 1 colorized photograph, 1925: Personal Collection of Sumner Hutcheson III. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/231" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sumner Hutcheson III Collection</a>, <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/182" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Miami-Dade County Collection</a>, RICHES. Format image/jpg Extent 257 KB Medium Colorized photograph Language eng Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by Bethune-Cookman University. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Bethune-Cookman University and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Sumner Hutcheson III. External Reference Ryan, Dan. "<a href="https://bcuathletics.com/news/2023/10/14/dan-ryan-reflecting-on-100-years-of-bethune-cookman-football.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Dan Ryan: Reflecting on 100 Years of Bethune-Cookman Football</a>." Bethune-Cookman Athletics. October 14, 2023. https://bcuathletics.com/news/2023/10/14/dan-ryan-reflecting-on-100-years-of-bethune-cookman-football.aspx. Accessed October 13, 2025. Bethune-Cookman University Black history football football player football players football squad Leon C. James Sumner "Skinner" Hutcheson, Jr. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d2f8627fe75ef0141c9683d58af93c37.jpg 7092a842f1fae231f6aff6e1c5726ef6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Seminole County Public Schools Collection Alternative Title SCPS Collection Subject Seminole County (Fla.) Schools High schools--Florida Elementary schools Grammar schools Middle schools--Florida Education--Florida Teachers--Florida Educators--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the educational history of Seminole County, Florida. Items from this collection are donated by the Student Museum and UCF Public History Center. The Student Museum has collaborated with the University of Central Florida and established the UCF Public History Center (PHC). All of the Student Museum's collections are presently housed at the PHC. The goal of the PHC is to promote access to history through ground-breaking research connecting local to global, provide cutting-edge hands-on educational programs for students and visitors, and to engage the community in contributing to and learning from history. Contributor <a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a> <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/31" target="_blank">Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Cameron City, Sanford, Florida Crooms Academy, Goldsoboro, Sanford, Florida Chuluota Primary School, Chuluota, Florida East Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Forest City School, Forest City, Altamonte Springs, Florida Fort Reed, Sanford, Florida Gabriella Colored School, Gabriella, Oviedo, Florida Geneva Colored School, Geneva, Florida Geneva Elementary, Geneva, Florida Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Goldsboro Primary School, Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida Hungerford School, Florida Kolokee, Geneva, Florida Lake Howell High School, Winter Park, Florida Lake Mary School, Lake Mary, Florida Lake Monroe Colored School, Lake Monroe, Sanford, Florida Longwood School, Longwood, Florida Lyman High School, Longwood, Florida Lyman Elementary School, Longwood, Florida Midway, Sanford, Florida Osceola School, Osceola, Geneva, Florida Oviedo Colored School, Curryville, Oviedo, Florida Oviedo High School, Oviedo, Florida Oviedo School, Oviedo, Florida Paola, Florida Sanford Grammar School, Sanford, Florida Sanford High School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Junior High School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Middle School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Primary School, Sanford, Florida Seminole County Public Schools, Sanford, Florida Seminole High School, Sanford, Florida South Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Student Museum, Sanford, Florida UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida Wagner Colored School, Florida Westside Grammar Elementary School, Sanford, Florida West Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Wilson School, Altamonte Springs, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. Accrual Method Donation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Student Drawing of Sanford Grammar School Alternative Title Drawing of Sanford Grammar School Subject Sanford (Fla.) Education--Florida Schools Description A drawing and description of Sanford Grammar school by a student named Lakeisha Beveritt. Originally established as Sanford High School, the main building was constructed at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on the corner of East Ninth Street and South Palmetto Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. After a desperate need for an addition to the school developed, the city granted the school 75,000 dollars. The school's lunchroom was opened on October 10, 1921, after months of fundraising efforts hosted by the Woman's Club. In November 23, 1984, the main school building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. However, despite objections from the community, the lunchroom was demolished on September 25, 2008. The main school building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012. Type Still Image Source Original drawing by Lakeisha Beveritt: Sanford Grammar Collection, Archives Box 4B, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Sanford Grammar Collection, Archives Box 4B, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/73" target="_blank">Seminole County Public Schools Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original drawing by Lakeisha Beveritt. Coverage Sanford Grammar School, Sanford, Florida Creator Beveritt, Lakeisha Date Created ca. 1911-1984 Format image/jpg Extent 369 KB Medium 1 drawing Language eng Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>"." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. Transcript Lakeisha Beveritt Sanford Grammar was built in 1907 Sanford Grammar is very very old. The teachers teach you very well. May Day Play Day is fun, we is[sic] 82 years old. I like the old school, and I like the monkey bars. elementary schools grammar schools holidays Lakeisha Beveritt May Day monkey bars playgrounds Sanford Sanford Grammar School students https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/3c75d0a113dcecedf77972caa1846c57.jpg e9a95be0e4b3ceaa75d31edff0ab3e71 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Patricia Black Collection Alternative Title Black Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Migration, Internal--United States Farm laborers Upstate New York (N.Y.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Madison (Fla.) Houses and homes Rochester (N.Y.) Description Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Language eng Type Collection Coverage Madison, Florida Sanford, Florida Rochester, New York Wayne County, New York Wolcott, New York Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Children of Patricia Ann Black, 2011 Alternative Title Children of Patricia Black Subject Wolcott (N.Y.) Description The children of Patricia Ann Black (1956-): Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt (1974-), William Arthur Bigham III (1982-), Brandon Oliver Black (1990-), and Tempestt Teonte Black (1992-). Charmion, who is also the daughter of Clint Holt (1955-), is employed at the Millers Orlando Ale House, located at 50 Towne Center Circle in Sanford, Florida, as of 2013. She also founded a catering business called Charm's Catering. The latter three children are from Patricia's marriage to William Bigham, Jr. (1952-). William III was born in Rochester, New York, and raised in Wayne County. He began teaching microbiology and anatomy at State University of New York in Brockport in 2013. Both Brandon and Tempestt graduated from North Rose Wolcott High School in Wolcott, New York. At age 19, Brandon attended Shear Ego, a barber school in Rochester. He also founded a barber shop called <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/BBlacks-Barbershop/220773711342607" target="_blank">B. Black's Barber Shop</a>, located on Route 414 in North Rose. As of 2013, Tempestt was attending Elmira College in Elmira, where she was studying nursing. She also joined the U.S. Army and is currently serving, as of 2013. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Carolyn Bigham, November 2011: Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Carolyn Bigham, November 2011. Coverage Wolcott, New York Creator Bigham, Carolyn Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Date Created ca. 2007-11 Format image/jpg Extent 130 KB Medium 1 color photograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Carolyn Bigham and owned by Patricia Ann Black. Rights Holder Copyright to the resource is held by Patricia Ann Black and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72">Patricia Black Collection</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black Transcript A Bigham, Patricia Ann Black Bigham, William Arthur, III Black, Brandon Oliver Black, Patricia Ann Black, Tempest Teonte' Holt, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Wolcott, New York https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ae71ad7c2806108ea596e32405867d77.pdf 3a3d41157e4c8c29c10e3b887b5c5d13 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Patricia Black Collection Alternative Title Black Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Migration, Internal--United States Farm laborers Upstate New York (N.Y.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Madison (Fla.) Houses and homes Rochester (N.Y.) Description Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Language eng Type Collection Coverage Madison, Florida Sanford, Florida Rochester, New York Wayne County, New York Wolcott, New York Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 6-page typed paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Migrant Experience Paper by William Arthur Bigham III Alternative Title Migrant Experience Subject Sanford (Fla.) Upstate New York (N.Y.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--New York (State) Farm laborers Segregation--United States Integration Desegregation Wages--New York (State) Description An academic paper written by William Arthur Bigham III (1982-) for a course at the State University of New York at Brockport on food and culture on December 19, 2011. Topics discussed in the paper include Bigham's interview with his mother, Patricia Ann Black (1956- ), about her experiences as the child of migrant workers; how migrant workers lived; the difference between education and race relations in the North and in the South; the logistics of working in the fields; and how the Federal government changed migrant work. William Bigham III was born in Rochester and raised in Wayne County, New York. He began teaching microbiology and anatomy at the SUNY Brockport in 2013. He is the son of Patricia Black, the grandson of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007), and the great grandson of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford, Florida, from South Carolina in the 1800s. Bigham's grandparents, Pilgrim and Lula, were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford for the rest of the year. Type Text Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original paper by William Bigham III, December 19, 2011. Coverage Huron, New York Sanford, Florida Creator Bigham, William, III Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Date Created 2011-12-19 Format application/pdf Extent 31.4 KB Medium 6-page typed paper Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by William Bigham III. Rights Holder Copyright to the resource is held by William Bigham III and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72">Patricia Black Collection</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a> External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children: The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a> Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black Transcript Food and culture William Bigham Migrant experience paper 12/19/11 I interviewed my mother for this paper because of her experience on the subject of the migrant life. Her family worked in the migrant agricultural field for years back in the 1950’s and 1960’s. Every year before the fruit harvesting began my grandfather would assemble a crew down in Florida to bring up to New York. The crews were made up of mostly men but often there would be married couples as well. Often single men were preferred over married men or families. The reason for this was because they would be able to work harder. Single men would have fewer distractions and would be more willing to live in and put up with the conditions of the camp. Once the crew was assembled they would travel up to New York by bus. My grandfather would drive the bus with the people on it and my mother’s uncle (Uncle Buddy) would drive a truck with everyone’s belonging. The trip would take a few days. My grandfather knew all of the stops on their route that were friendly toward black people. You have to remember that this was back in the 50’s and 60’s so racism was still quite prevalent; you couldn’t just go to any gas station or restaurant, you had to go to ones that excepted business from black people. As a young girl this allowed my mother to be exposed to as little of this racial environment as possible. As a parent I would want to protect my child from having to experience this type of situation. This also allowed the trips to and from New York to be somewhat enjoyable and to have an almost vacation like feel. The camp consisted of a house “big house” and a series of single room “huts”. These huts were very minimal in what was in them. Many of them were no bigger than 10’x12’, enough for one to two beds. There was also a kitchenette which consisted of a tiny gas stove and a table. These huts had no insulation and only one light socket. They would screw an adaptor in to the light socket that had electrical outlets and a light socket in it. This was the only way to get electrical outlets into the room. There was also no running water on the camp, so everyone had to use the water from the well. There was also no indoor plumbing so everyone had to use the outhouses. Basically these huts were Spartan in nature. They were meant for only the bare minimum, rest after a long day of work, not for comfort. The main house was a two story building that did have insulation but still no running water or indoor plumbing also it had only one light socket per room. As a little girl my mother looked at living on the camp as going camping for a little while each year. Coming up north allowed my mother to attend a better school for a few months out of the year. Also it allowed her to attend a non-segregated school. While schools were not supposed to be segregated they still were. It was just a part of life in the south. Also they “black” schools got the used books and second rate supplies compared to the “white” schools down south. My mother recalls a time when she was in school in Florida and one of her books was from the very school she attended while in New York. It was a used book that had been sent down for that school to use because they could not afford new books. While life on the camp may have been a little Spartan, everyone on the camp made the choice to be there. As my mother put it we would sacrifice and live poorly for a few months and return to Florida to live like kings. A few people would work like crazy while up north and make enough money to last them all year long. While they were back in Florida they wouldn’t need to work. From my experience as a child living in Wayne County, the children of migrant parents always had nice clothes and were well kempt. They always had the same stuff as the other kids and sometimes maybe even nicer things. The area where I grew up wasn’t exactly the richest place in the world but we were always happy so I can assume they were at least as well off as I was. Referring back to living like kings, according to my mother when the migrants would go back to Florida they were some of the better off people in their respective neighborhoods. They would have the nicer homes and the new cars. Back in the 1960’s migrant workers would get paid around $10 for a bin of apples, which was a lot of money back then. If you were a skilled worker you could easily fill two bins an hour, even more if you were a couple or family that was working together. Out in the orchards you would pretty much bring what you needed for the work day, like water and food and whatever sun protection you wanted. The farmer did not supply water for you so you had to make sure you had some of your own. My Grandfather would bring a keg filled with water for the worker each day; this is something he did on his own. He was essentially their supervisor/manager so he felt an obligation to make sure they had the things they needed. He was in charge of tallying everyone’s bin count so that they got paid the correct amount each week. Also he would organize the weekly trips into town so people could get groceries and other things. My grandmother would make and sell meals to the workers who wanted, usually to the single men; she would charge around $7 a day for three home cooked meals. At the end of each week on payday after everyone was paid they would go and pay my grandmother for the meals that they had eaten. My mother told a story of a couple that worked so hard, the farmer didn’t have enough money to pay them; they had to wait till the season was over and the farmer had sold his apples and gotten more money. This story shows just how much money there was to be made if you were willing to work hard. My mother feels that this system/life style definitely does not exist nor could it exist today. Once the government got more involved things started to change. The biggest thing that changed this way of life was when the government forced the farmers to start paying by the hour instead of by the bin. This greatly reduced the amount of money you would make. You could only make so much money in a day base on the hourly system but getting paid by the bin allowed you to make vastly more money, the faster/harder you worked the more you were paid/rewarded. A lot of people refused to work in this new system, they knew what they could have been making and did not want to be doing the same job for less money. This is the time when a lot of people got out of the migrant field and went on to other things. While some things may have improved like running water and indoor plumbing and electricity, other conditions are worsening. Conditions like what they are paid and their work environment have steadily gotten worse. Many African Americans would not tolerate these new conditions and that is one major factor as to why Hispanic people displace African Americans. Back then the conditions may have been hard but it was a conscience choice that was made by all that travelled up north. If you worked hard and made a small sacrifice for a few months you would be rewarded for your efforts, it would allow you to live well the rest of the year. This is not the case anymore; you work hard and still will be struggling to get by. In the old system the farmer made money but the worker also made a living wage; in this new system the farmers still make their money but now the worker is struggling to make ends meet, no matter how hard they work they just can’t seem to get ahead. We really need to look at our current agriculture system, and decide if we want cheap food that comes from the broken backs of the people who pick them and the horrible treatment of animals or do we want food that comes from people that made a living wage and animals that were humanely raised. If it meant that my food cost a little more I know which choice I would make. While conditions may not have been ideal the old system at least allowed people to live, the new system is little more than modern legalized slavery. African American agriculture Bigham, Patricia Ann Black Bigham, William Arthur, III Black, Lula Mae Haynes Black, Patricia Ann Black, Pilgrim bus desegregation education farm farmer farming fruit fruit industry harvest hourly pay hourly wage integration labor laborer manager migrant work migrant worker orchard piece rate piece work race relations racism Sanford school segregation State University of New York at Brockport SUNY Brockport supervisor task wage Upstate New York wage Wayne County Wayne County, New York work camp worker https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ac82fbfbd21c95b412dbd6e4b3ca4e06.jpg 674a1eb7692a0e063dbb38c7e49b10bc https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2bd4619db4bbdb9323d6c02f56b16509.jpg f18f9179044dbf56ff23be1db6d04f03 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Patricia Black Collection Alternative Title Black Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Migration, Internal--United States Farm laborers Upstate New York (N.Y.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Madison (Fla.) Houses and homes Rochester (N.Y.) Description Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Language eng Type Collection Coverage Madison, Florida Sanford, Florida Rochester, New York Wayne County, New York Wolcott, New York Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Tempestt Teonte' Black Graduation Alternative Title Tempestt Black Graduation Subject Fort Jackson (S.C.) Graduation ceremonies--United States United States. Army Army Description Tempestt Teonte Black (1992-) at her graduation from U.S. Army training at Fort Jackson in Columbia, South Carolina, on August 15, 2013. The first photograph shows Black with her brother, Brandon Oliver Black (1990-), and the second photograph shows her with her mother, Patricia Ann Black (1956-). Both siblings graduated from North Rose Wolcott High School in Wolcott, New York. Black is in her junior year of college at Elmira College in Elmira, New York, where she is studying nursing. She also joined the United States Army and is presently serving as of 2013. Type Still Image Source Original color digital images By William Bigham, Jr., August 15, 2013: Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black. Coverage Fort Jackson, Columbia, South Carolina Creator Bigham, William, Jr. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Date Created 2013-08-15 Format image/jpg Extent 204 KB 285 KB Medium 2 color digital images Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by William Bigham, Jr. and owned by Brandon Oliver Black. Rights Holder Copyright to the resource is held by Brandon Oliver Black and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72">Patricia Black Collection</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black Army Bigham, Patricia Ann Black Bigham, William, Jr. Black, Brandon Oliver Black, Patricia Ann Black, Tempest Teonte' Fort Jackson, South Carolina graduation U.S. Army https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4f7d36af2a9d973102f1962ce3d336d4.jpg 13301364cca5a6271f27b45364e4c58c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection Alternative Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Subject Cemeteries--Europe Veterans--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Army Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. <a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Florida-France Soldier Stories Project</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Dinozé, France Contributing Project Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War</a>." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015). Description The Florida-France Soldier Storiesproject seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Memorial Marker for First Lieutenant Frank Black Morgan at Parker Presbyterian Cemetery Alternative Title Memorial for 1st Lt. Frank Morgan Subject World War II, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Army Description A memorial marker for First Lieutenant Frank Black Morgan (1920-1944) at Parker Presbyterian Cemetery in Parker, Pennsylvania. 1st Lt. Morgan was born in Greensburg, Pennsylvania, on January 28, 1920, to Samuel Morgan and Edna Grace Morgan. Samuel Morgan was a first generation American of Northern Irish descent, working in the publishing industry as an editor and linotype operation. Edna Morgan (née Black) was a native of Pennsylvania. 1st Lt. Morgan had two older brothers: Samuel Cree Morgan (1909-1990) and James Alexander Morgan (1912-1982). The Morgans owned a home on 17 Clopper Street in Greensburg, where 1st Lt. Morgan resided until he entered active service on April 27, 1942, out of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, at the age of 22. 1st Lt. Morgan trained at MacDuill Field, a U.S. Army Air Corps which would become MacDill Air Force Base in Tampa, Florida, and then served with the 555th Bomber Squadron, a unit within the 386th Bomber Group. 1st Lt. Morgan served his country with distinction, earning an Air Medal with Eight Oak Leaf Clusters. He died on December 20, 1944, four days into the Ardennes Counteroffensive, also known as the Battle of the Bulge. His death is listed as non-battle related, suggesting that he may have been one of the many Martin B-26 Marauder crashes at takeoff or upon landing. 1st Lt. Morgan died just before the of the end of World War II at the age of 24. 1st Lt. Morgan is buried in Plot B, Row 39, Grave 46 at Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France. Type Still Image Source Original <a href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=32415773" target="_blank">color digital image</a> by Marsha Black. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/172" target="_blank">Epinal American Cemetery Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Parker Presbyterian Cemetery, Parker, Pennsylvania Creator Black, Marsha Date Created ca. 2010-09-03 Format image/jpg Extent Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Audience Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Marsha Black. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Marsha Black and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial Project Curator Calligy, Devin Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="http://www.findagrave.com/index.html" target="_blank">Find A Grave</a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=56374382" target="_blank">1Lt Frank B Morgan</a>." Find A Grave. http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=56374382. "Headstone Inscription and Interment Record for First Lieutenant Frank B. Morgan." RICHES of Central Florida. "<a href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=58136219" target="_blank">Samuel Morgan</a>." Find A Grave. http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=58136219. "<a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MG89-24H" target="_blank">Samuel Morgan, Jr.</a>" FamilySearch. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MG89-24H. "<a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHHK-PHR" target="_blank">Frank B Morgan</a>." FamilySearch. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XHHK-PHR. "<a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KQNX-5LJ" target="_blank">Frank B Morgan</a>." FamilySearch. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KQNX-5LJ. Haire, Thomas B. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11153124" target="_blank">The History of a Bombing Outfit The 386th Bomb Group</a>. 1945. "<a href="https://www.archives.gov/research/military/ww2/army-casualties/florida.html" target="_blank">WWII Army Casualties: Florida</a>." National Archives. https://www.archives.gov/research/military/ww2/army-casualties/florida.html. 386th Bomber Group 555th Bomber Squadron Frank Black Morgan memorials Park Presbyterian Cemetery Parker, Pennsylvania U.S. Army USA veterans World War II WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2586b7d8981b5e99e2a75becab4ebde1.jpg 3dcd6a1ef63b7cf7ac6154a5f77c0432 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Patricia Black Collection Alternative Title Black Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Migration, Internal--United States Farm laborers Upstate New York (N.Y.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Madison (Fla.) Houses and homes Rochester (N.Y.) Description Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Language eng Type Collection Coverage Madison, Florida Sanford, Florida Rochester, New York Wayne County, New York Wolcott, New York Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Physical Dimensions 8 x 10 inch Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lula Mae Haynes Black and Pilgrim Black Alternative Title Lula and Pilgrim Black Subject Sanford (Fla.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Description Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007) and Pilgrim Black (1905-2002), the parents of Patricia Ann Black (1956- ). This photograph was taken when Patricia drove down from New York to Sanford, Florida, to visit her parents around 1997, when her father was 89. Pilgrim and Lula were married for 67 years at the time the photograph was taken. Pilgrim Black was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula Mae Haynes Black were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Wayne County in Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca.1870-ca.1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Loui Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age eleven in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18n years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek, New York, instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to thirty workers at once, which he accepted. While in Sanford, Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940- ); Lula Yvonne Black (1942- ); Charles Samuel Black (1945- ); Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947- ), and Patricia Ann Black (1956- ). Type Still Image Source Original 8 x 10 inch color photograph: Private Collection of Patricia Black. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 8 x 10 inch color photograph. Coverage Sanford, Florida Creator Black, Patricia Ann Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Date Created ca. 1997 Format image/jpg Extent 138 KB Medium 8 x 10 inch color photograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created and owned by Patricia Ann Black. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Patricia Ann Black and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72/" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children: The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black Bigham, Patricia Ann Black Black, Lula Mae Haynes Black, Patricia Ann Black, Pilgrim Haynes, Lula Mae laborer migrant crew leader migrant worker Sanford https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2eb360300bbdc74a5010e5960746c2e5.jpg 85a07e3cf47e02d91572437c745c455e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Patricia Black Collection Alternative Title Black Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Migration, Internal--United States Farm laborers Upstate New York (N.Y.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Madison (Fla.) Houses and homes Rochester (N.Y.) Description Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Language eng Type Collection Coverage Madison, Florida Sanford, Florida Rochester, New York Wayne County, New York Wolcott, New York Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Former Location of Harry Black's Grocery Store, 2012 Alternative Title Harry Black's Grocery Store Subject Sanford (Fla.) Grocery industry Description The former lot of a grocery store, located at 206 South Sanford Avenue owned by Harry Black (d. 1911), the grandfather of Patricia Ann Black, in 2012. Harry and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934) were the parents of Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black (1905-2002), Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. They were also the grandparents of David Harry Black (1929-2012), Vivian Louise Black (1940-); Lula Yvonne Black (1942-); Charles Samuel Black (1945- ); Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca. 1947-); and Patricia Ann Black (1956-). The Black family migrated from South Carolina during the 19th century. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Patricia Ann Black, 2012: Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph by Patricia Ann Black, 2012. Coverage Harry Black's Grocery Store, Sanford, Florida Creator Black, Patricia Ann Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Date Created ca. 2012-06 Format image/jpg Extent 90.7 KB Medium 1 color photograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created and owned by Patricia Ann Black. Rights Holder Copyright to the resource is held by Patricia Ann Black and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72">Patricia Black Collection</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a> External Reference Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a> Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black Bigham, Patricia Ann Black Black, Harry Black, Patricia Ann grocer grocery grocery industry grocery story Sanford Sanford Avenue store https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/570afc98c4168cc101bfb2b500d88c04.jpg 60102a595b6777e4deb6a30976c4859f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Patricia Black Collection Alternative Title Black Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Migration, Internal--United States Farm laborers Upstate New York (N.Y.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Madison (Fla.) Houses and homes Rochester (N.Y.) Description Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Language eng Type Collection Coverage Madison, Florida Sanford, Florida Rochester, New York Wayne County, New York Wolcott, New York Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Migrant Worker "Big House" in Wayne County, New York Alternative Title Migrant Worker "Big House" Subject Huron (N.Y. : Town) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--New York (State) Farm laborers Description The "big house" of the migrant worker camp, located in Wayne County, New York, that Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and his wife, Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007), lived in. The house originally had a front porch and was painted a different color. Lula operated her restaurant out of the kitchen in the big house, despite the lack of running water. Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula Mae Haynes (1917-2007) Black were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Wayne County in Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca.1870-ca.1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Loui Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek, New York, instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to thirty workers at once, which he accepted. While in Sanford, Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-); Lula Yvonne Black (1942-); Charles Samuel Black (1945-); Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca. 1947-), and Patricia Ann Black (1956-). Type Still Image Source Original color photograph by Patricia Ann Black: Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of photocopy of original color photograph by Patricia Ann Black. Coverage Big House, Huron, New York Creator Black, Patricia Ann Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Date Created ca. 2006-2007 Format image/jpg Extent 148 KB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created and owned by Patricia Ann Black. Rights Holder Copyright to the resource is held by Patricia Ann Black and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72">Patricia Black Collection</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a> External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children: The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black agriculture Bigham, Patricia Ann Black Black, Lula Mae Haynes Black, Patricia Ann Black, Pilgrim farm farming Haynes, Lula Mae Huron, New York labor migrant work Wayne County Wayne County, New York https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a1aea94df2c15730c1d425e54b9644af.jpg 0c86260acbe1871c50067aeea956abd6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Patricia Black Collection Alternative Title Black Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Migration, Internal--United States Farm laborers Upstate New York (N.Y.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Madison (Fla.) Houses and homes Rochester (N.Y.) Description Collection of photographs and ephemera donated by <a title="Photo of Patricia Black" href="http://s2.postimg.org/4mpxwg2u1/P3212376.jpg">Patricia Ann Black</a> (1956- ), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford, Florida, for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac Benjamin and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Louis Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County in Upstate New York to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to 30 workers at once, which he accepted. Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-), Lula Yvonne Black (1942-), Charles Samuel Black (1945-), Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca.1947-), and Patricia. Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955- ); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt in 1974. She also had three other children with William Bigham, Jr. (1952- ), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982- ), Brandon Oliver Black (1990- ), and Tempestt Teonte’ Black (1992- ). She lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black on East Tenth Street in Sanford. Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11n years from age six to age 17, and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. Despite her traumatic experiences, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. Patricia also has owned her own business making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED. Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Language eng Type Collection Coverage Madison, Florida Sanford, Florida Rochester, New York Wayne County, New York Wolcott, New York Accrual Method Donation Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Source Repository Private Collection of Patricia Ann Black External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Memoirs of Life in a Wayne County Migrant Farm Camp Alternative Title Life in a Wayne County Migrant Farm Camp Subject Sanford (Fla.); Migrant workers Agricultural laborers--Florida Farm laborers Description A newspaper article by Patricia Ann Black and published in The Times of Wayne County on February 1, 2015. The article is about Black's life growing up on a migrant farm camp in Wayne County, New York. Black was the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007), who got married in 1937. Patricia was born August 31, 1956, and grew up at the end of East Tenth Street in Sanford, Florida. She attended Hopper Elementary through sixth grade, Lakeview Middle School for seventh grade, Sanford Junior High School for eighth grade, Crooms High School for ninth grade, and Seminole High School through twelfth grade. She also attended school in the North Rose-Wolcott district each year while in Upstate New York. During fourth grade, integration began and parents were given the choice to have their children to attend other schools, but Patricia chose to continue attending an all-black school until she entered seventh grade in 1968 and began attending integrated schools. In June 1973, Patricia married her first husband, Clint Holt (1955-); however, the couple quickly separated due to domestic violence and divorced around 1977. Patricia gave birth to her first child, Charmion Le'Antwinetta Holt (1974-). She also had three other children with William Bigham Jr. (1952-), who she was married to for 33 years: William Arthur Bigham III (1982-), Brandon Oliver Black (1990-), and Tempestt Teonte' Black (1992-). Patricia currently lives in the family home built by her grandmother, Maggie Benjamin Black (ca.1870-ca.1934) on East Tenth Street in Sanford. Patricia endured weekly molestation for 11 years from age six to age seventeen and was raped at age seventeen while pregnant with Charmion. At age 29, Patricia became severely addicted to smoking cocaine. After seven years, Patricia was able to overcome her addiction and has maintained her sobriety for 21 years. She has suffered severe mental and physical damage and is still recovering today. Despite her traumatic experiences and sibling rejections, Patricia has developed a devout relationship with God. While in recovery, Patricia refocused her attention on spreading her ministry of love by becoming a foster parent, serving as the Parent Representative of the Committee for Special Education (CSE), and serving on her local school board in the North Rose-Wolcott school district. Patricia also has owned her own <a href="http://204.8.125.98/" target="_blank">business</a> making incense and importing shea butter from Africa. She also became a licensed nail technician specializing in stress-relieving pedicures. As of 2009, Patricia is retired but still maintains some involvement in her business/ministry named GIFTED. Creator Black, Patricia Ann Source Original newspaper article by Patricia Ann Black: <a href="http://www.waynetimes.com/" target="_blank">The Times of Wayne County</a>, February 1, 2015, page F5. Publisher <a href="http://www.waynetimes.com/" target="_blank">The Times of Wayne County</a> Date Created ca. 2015-02-01 Date Copyrighted 2015-02-01 Date Issued 2015-02-01 Contributor Black, Patricia Ann Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original newspaper article by Patricia Ann Black: <a href="http://www.waynetimes.com/" target="_blank">The Times of Wayne County</a>, February 1, 2015, page F5. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/72" target="_blank">Patricia Black Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Format application/pdf Extent 374 KB Medium 1 newspaper article Language eng Type Text Coverage Huron, New York Alton, New York Sanford, Florida Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Patricia Ann Black and published by <a href="http://www.waynetimes.com/" target="_blank">The Times of Wayne County</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://www.waynetimes.com/" target="_blank">The Times of Wayne County</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Coles, Robert. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67637" target="_blank">Uprooted Children; The Early Life of Migrant Farm Workers</a>. [Pittsburgh]: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970. Piore, Michael J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies</a> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Flewellyn, Valada S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4497409" target="_blank">African Americans of Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2009. agricultural laborer Alton Hotel Alton, New York BeBe Black BeBe Haynes Black Label ChewTobaccos commissary D. W. VanDusen education farm worker flat house Foster's Genesee Henry Freeman Huron, New York I-95 Interstate 95 labor laborer Little W. Corner Store Lula Mae Haynes Lula Mae Haynes Black Maxwell House migrant labor migrant worker New York State Route 104 North Rose Wolcott School Board North Rose, New York Patricia Ann Black Patricia Ann Black Bigham Pilgrim Black Preemption Road restaurant Ridge Road Schaeffer's Wallington, New York school Sodus Bank SR 104 The Times of Wayne County wages Wayne County, New York Wild Irish Rose Wolcott, New York work camp https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/63fcf4711f05d239ccbfbe662e5c0c08.pdf f934fb03cff9802788ce8960856cfd0a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Thomas Cook Collection Alternative Title Cook Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Orange County (Fla.) Longwood (Fla.) Cape Canaveral (Fla.) Lake Wales (Fla.) Silver Springs (Fla.) Weeki Wachee (Fla.) Winter Haven (Fla.) Osceola County (Fla.) Winter Park (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, postcards, documents, and other records from the private collection of Thomas Cook. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Contributor Cook, Thomas Language eng Type Collection Coverage Cape Canaveral, Florida Lake Wales, Florida Longwood, Florida Orange County, Florida Orlando, Florida Osceola County, Florida Winter Haven, Florida Winter Park, Florida Rights Holder All items in the <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/102" target="_blank">Thomas Cook Collection</a> are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Thomas Cook Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/103" target="_blank">Postcard Collection</a>, Thomas Cook Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. External Reference Antequino, Stephanie Gaub, and Tana Mosier Porter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783150094" target="_blank">Lost Orlando</a> Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2012. "<a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf">Downtown Orlando Historic District Walking Tour</a>." City of Orlando. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Osborne, Ray. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/253374549" target="_blank">Cape Canaveral</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2008. Smith, Margaret. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51888803" target="_blank">The Edward Bok Legacy: A History of Bok Tower Gardens: The First Fifty Years</a>. Lake Wales, Fla: Bok Tower Gardens Foundation, 2002. Pelland, Maryan, and Dan Pelland. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67516850" target="_blank">Weeki Wachee Springs</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005. Flekke, Mary M., Sarah E. MacDonald, and Randall M. MacDonald. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/85451307" target="_blank">Cypress Gardens</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2006. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 208-page book Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title History of Orange County, Florida: Narrative and Biographical Alternative Title History of Orange County, Florida Subject Orange County (Fla.)--History Orange County (Fla.)--Biography Blackman, William Fremont, 1855-1932 Description Selected pages from History of Orange County Florida: Narrative and Biographical by William Fremont Blackman, Ph.D., L.L.D. Blackman was formally a professor at Yale University and President of Rollins College. The book was published by the E. O. Painter Printing Company of DeLand, Florida in 1927. The book gives a basic history of Orange County as well as biographical sketches of many of the counties early settlers and important citizens. It has 42 photographic portraits of some of the citizens. Creator Blackman, William Fremont Source Blackman, William Fremont. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/705023">History of Orange County, Florida: Narrative and Biographical</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1973. Publisher E. O. Painter Printing Company Date Created 1927 Contributor Cawston, Arthur H. Robinson, B. M. Fuller, John T. Autrey, L. M. O'Neal, W. R. Whitman, Alton B. Dickson, H. H. Lehman, Karl Holt, Hamilton Dick, E. A. Tilden, L. W. Edwards, William Whitner, J. N. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original book: Blackman, William Fremont. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/705023">History of Orange County, Florida: Narrative and Biographical</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1973. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/102" target="_blank">Thomas Cook Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Requires <a href='http://www.adobe.com/reader.html' target='_blank'>Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Format application/pdf Extent 606 MB Medium 208-page book Language eng Type Text Coverage Orlando, Florida Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida Maitland, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Ocoee, Florida Oakland, Florida Apopka, Florida Gotha, Florida Zellwood, Florida Tangerine, Florida Windermere, Florida Taft, Florida Fort Christmas, Florida Bithlo, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.539291,-81.377907 28.591865,-81.348492 28.627925,-81.362885 28.55256,-81.59008 28.569145,-81.543987 28.555086,-81.633145 28.687124,-81.512918 28.527904,-81.523032 28.729733,-81.604757 28.764951,-81.630663 28.495473,-81.534704 28.429675,-81.365096 28.529337,-80.999306 28.554822,-81.106423 Temporal Coverage 1846-01-01/1927-12-31 Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by William Fremont Blackman and published by the E. O. Painter Printing Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by William Fremont Blackman and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Curator Cook, Thomas Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Thomas Cook External Reference Blackman, William Fremont. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/705023">History of Orange County, Florida: Narrative and Biographical</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1973. Porter, Tana Mosier, Cassandra Fyotek, Stephanie Gaub Antequino, Cynthia Cardona Meléndez, Garret Kremer-Wright, and Barbara Knowles. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/551205659" target="_blank">Historic Orange County: The Story of Orlando and Orange County.</a> San Antonio, Tex: Historical Pub. Network, 2009. Transcript History of ORANGE COUNTY FLORIDA NARRATIVE AND BIOGRAPHICAL By WILLIAM FREMONT BLACKMAN, Ph.D., LL.D. Formerly Professor in Yale University and President of Rollins College Author of "The Making of Hawaii; A Study in Social Evolution" The E. O. PAINTER PRINTING CO. DE LAND, FLORIDA 1927 History of Orange County, Florida MANAGING EDITOR ARTHUE H. CAWSTON, Daytona Beach BOARD OF ADVISERS CAPT. B. M. ROBINSON MRS. JOHN T. FULLER MAYOR L. M. AUTREY W. R. O'NEAL MRS. ALTON B. WHITMAN H. H. DICKSON DR. KARL LEHMANN Orlando PRESIDENT HAMILTON HOLT COL. E. A. DICK Winter Park L. W. TILDEN, Winter Garden WILLIAM EDWARDS, Zellwood MRS. J. N. WHITNER, Sanford Table of Contents Date Copyrighted 1977 Albertson Public Library American Red Cross Apopka Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company Autrey, L. M. Beacham, B. Beardall, William Bithlo Blackman, Lucy Worthington Blackman, William Fremont Boyer, Chauncey A. Bradshaw, J. N. Browne, Charles A. Cawston, Arthur H. Central Avenue Cheney, J. M. Christ, C. D. Coursen, W. A. Court Street Crawford, George W. Yancey, T. A. Dick, E. A. Dickenson, R. M. Dickson, H. H. E. O. Painter Printing Company Edwards, William Ferguson, F. L. Fort Christmas Fort Gatlin Fuller, John T. Giles, James L. Glenn, William Gotha Greenwood Cemetery Guild, William A. Hand, Carey Hill, S. B. Holt, Chauncey Holt, Hamilton Hutchins, Victory Jenkins, R. A. Johnson, S. A. Lawton, J. A. Lehmann, Karl Lewter, F. A. Lynch, W. B. MacDonald, R. D. Maitland Martin, W. E. Morse, C. H. Mosquito County Newton, V. B. O'Neal, W. R. Oakland Ocoee Orange Avenue orange county Orange County Chamber of Commerce Orange County Courthouse Orange General Hospital orlando Orlando Chamber of Commerce Orlando Municipal Auditoriuml Palmer, Willis L. public schools Rand, Frederic H. Robinson Robinson, B. M. Robinson, Samuel A. Rollins College Safford, Mary A. Sanford settlers Simmons, J. W. Sinclair's Real Estate Agency Speer, James G. Sperry, Frank Ezra Sweetapple, H. B. Swope, O. P. Taft Tangerine Temple, W. C. The Making of Hawaii: A Study in Social Evolution Tilden, L. W. town well Townsend, L. C. Ward, C. H. Whitman, Alton B. Whitner, J. N. Windermere Winter Garden Winter Park Wright, A. L. Yale University Yowell, N. P. Zellwood https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/e8a26e74724981cfa15583e0812b03ec.mp3 19a079928d14ad551d93167f12df0077 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a54351957504fd4193ab5d7421ba1114.pdf 79e25fd5559a428ff09744265f759e0a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Dobson, Alexandra Interviewee Blackwood, Bernie Location <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida Original Format 1 audio recording Duration 30 minutes and 21 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Bernie Blackwood Alternative Title Oral History, Blackwood Subject Oviedo (Fla.) St. Petersburg (Fla.) Real estate--United States City planning--Florida Construction Description An oral history interview of Bernard O. Blackwood, conducted by Alexandra Dobson on March 19, 2015. Blackwood was born on April 9, 1933, and attended the University of Florida (UF) in Gainesville, Florida. After graduating from college, Blackwood migrated to St. Petersburg with his wife, Suzanne A. Blackwood, to work as a city planner. In the 1970s, the couple moved to Oviedo with their children. There, Blackwood helped plan several residential subdivisions alongside Ben Ward, Jr. Interview topics include land development, the effects of Florida Technological University (present-day University of Central Florida), Blackwood's wife and children, Ben Ward's contributions to the community, desegregation and the Civil Rights Movement in St. Petersburg, and his career as a city planner. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:01:48 Land development 0:04:07 Florida Technological University and the Oviedo Land Group 0:07:51 Migration to Oviedo and working with Ben Ward, Jr. 0:13:30 Wife and children 0:14:29 Population growth and Florida Technological University 0:18:39 Ben Ward’s contributions to the community 0:19:24 Blackwood Construction Corporation and Lutheran Haven 0:20:25 Schools and desegregation in St. Petersburg 0:21:57 St. Petersburg and career as a city planner Abstract Oral history interview of Bernard “Bernie” O. Blackwood. Interview conducted by Alexandra Dobson at Blackwood's home in Mead Manor in Oviedo, Florida, on March 19, 2015. Type Sound Source Blackwood, Bernie Interviewed by Alexandra Dobson, March 19, 2015. Audio record available. Oviedo History Harvest, <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a> <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, History Harvest Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Has Format 20-page digital transcript of original 30-minute and 21-second oral history: Blackwood, Bernie Interviewed by Alexandra Dobson, March 19, 2015. Audio record available. Oviedo History Harvest, <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>, Oviedo, Florida. Coverage Mead Manor, Oviedo, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Creator Blackwood, Bernie Dobson, Alexandra Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Date Created 2015-03-19 Date Modified 2016-01-05 Date Copyrighted 2015-03-19 Format audio/mp3 application/pdf Extent 27.7 MB 198 KB Medium 30-minute and 21-second audio recording 20-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Bernard “Bernie” O. Blackwood and Alexandra Dobson, and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5278" target="_blank">Mead Manor Brings New Lifestyle to Oviedo</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5278. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Transcript Dobson This is an oral history interview of Bernie<a title="">[1]</a> [O.] Blackwood. Interview is conducted by Alexandra Dobson at the Blackwood home in Oviedo, Florida, on the 19th of March, 2015. Inter—interview topics include Oviedo, Mead Manor, and that’s it. Blackwood Well, my name’s Bernie Blackwood, and my association with Oviedo began in the early [19]50s. I was a student at Gainesville,<a title="">[2]</a> and I had a roommate named Bob Ward, who was a native of Oviedo, and I came to Oviedo on occasions on weekend with Bob, and got to know a little bit about the area. It was so different from my, uh, little home town in North Florida. I saw orange groves and celery fields and stuff, to—tobacco fields, uh—shade[?] tobacco fields it was up there, but, um, when I finished at Gainesville, I went right to work. I had a job waiting in Saint Petersburg[, Florida], and, uh, Bob and I kept in contact over the years, and through Bob I had met his brother, Ben Ward—Ben Ward, Jr., and, uh, we’d been in St. Pete four or five years. I—I guess it was around 1963 when Ben called me—Ben Ward, Bob’s brother—and said he was developing a subdivision. He and a group of, uh, investors and businesspeople here in O—Oviedo were developing a subdivision, and they had started, but they’d ran into a few troubles, and he knew I—through Bob—knew had a little—had—I had a little experience in land planning. So he asked me if I’d come up, take a look at what he had, and I was glad to do it, because it gave me a chance to visit Bob, and Ben brought me out. it’s a 40-acre site in— northeast, uh, Oviedo—beautiful piece of land—and made it clear to me to—to begin with they wanted large lots, nice home sites, and the group of, uh, investors and businesspeople, who, uh, put their money up for this project, wanted the same thing. They wanted to grow Oviedo and they knew there was nothing in Oviedo, at that time. No lots available, really. I don’t think there’d been any residential lots added in Oviedo since probably the early 1900s, and—so I went to work on the plan, and, uh, came up with something that they agreed with. Oh, I’m getting a little ahead of myself maybe, because they had actually started—they had, uh, put the group together, and they had paved a little section of Mead Drive, which is the entrance off of Division Street into Mead Manor, at that time, Three or four hundred—two or three hundred feet, I’d say, and then it made a right turn into a little cul-de-sac, and they had, uh—[laughs] they didn’t know quite where to go from there, because they had three—three swampy areas—little ponds in the 40 acres. So we developed a plan, uh, around those ponds, uh, with nice size lots and streets running around, and, uh, they approved the plan and, [clears throat] I came up one weekend—one Saturday with an engineer friend of my from St. Pete, and, uh, the streets had been, uh, cleared, and we shot grades, went back to St. Pete, and did a cut-and-fill plan, and presented that to the group, and they went from there and started developing the subdivision. And the—they paved the streets, they put in paved streets with gutters, and they had a water system in Oviedo at that time, so it was on a water system, and the, uh, next, uh—next thing we knew, uh—I should say that before they started this project, there was no kno—knowledge of FTU<a title="">[4]</a> locating five miles south of Oviedo. It, eh—I asked Ben later, and he said “No,” uh, “We didn’t know it,” and I thought they were crazy, at the time, for—for footing this kind of subdivision and—and—[laughs] out in Oviedo with just a little crossroads farm community, and I didn’t know where the people were going to come from, and Ben said, “Oh, they’ll come.” He was an eternal optimist, and the next thing I knew, I read—read in The St. Pete[rsburg] Times where FTU was locating five miles south of Oviedo. So I began to be a little more interested in what was going on, and they began selling the lots. First lot they sold in here—or maybe the second one—uh, I know it was the first person from the university—was a man named Phil Gorey[sp] and he was a, um—one of the administrative people under Millican—Dr. [Charles Norman] Millican, and the, uh—the subdivision took off rather slowly, but they were selling lots. A lot across the street there was, uh—was, uh, [Joe] Gomez, uh… Suzanne He was a professor out there. Blackwood Yeah, What’s the first, uh… Suzanne Joe. Blackwood Uh… Suzanne Joe. Blackwood Joe. Yeah, Joe Gomez. He was a comptroller out at the university, and, uh, there were three or four, five, six—I mean, there half a dozen, at least, uh, different professors that started buying lots out, and some of them still here, like me [laughs]. I’m not a professor [laughs], um, and as the lots started selling, the land group—Oviedo Land Group was the name of the, uh—of the, corpora—or the company that Ben Ward put together, and the investors in it—I could—I can recall most of ‘em, I think. There was, uh, Frank Wheeler, John Evans, uh, I think Mr. Roy Clonts, probably, um… Suzanne Beleren[sp]? Blackwood Who? Suzanne Bob[?] Beleren? Was he one of ‘em? Blackwood No, no, not, uh, not, uh… Suzanne Okay. Blackwood Uh, uh… Suzanne Martin? Blackwood Yeah. Suzanne Bill… Blackwood Bill… Suzanne Martin? Blackwood Yeah, Bill Martin and John Evans. I might have… Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood Said him before, but anyway, it was a group of local businessmen and there were five or six of ‘em. I met with them a couple times, and, uh, didn’t really know them at—at all. I have since gotten to know them all, one time or another, and, uh—so they decided to buy another 40 acres just, uh, to the north of the first unit, and, uh I—again, I did a layout for them, and Ben developed it, and so it made a total of 80 acres here in Oviedo, and I—I’d be glad to drive you around and show you if you’d like to see it. Some of the developers’ve[sic] been dead, but during this time, Ben was still planning ahead and the next thing—he had a project. Another, uh—I think it was another 40 acres, and—and they—we worked up a subdivision for him on that—a layout, and it’s called [inaudible] Garden Grove. It’s right near here. And, [clears throat] by that time, Ben, eh—he was originally—he had an insurance business, and, uh, uh—and a real estate brokerage business, and he was getting interested into building and construction. He said, “I’ve got all these lots. I might as well build some houses.” So he offered—gave me—he said, “Why don’t you come up and join me, and we’ll form a corporation and build—build a few houses,” and the idea appealed to me, but leaving my secure place in St. Pete—position I had and so forth—uh, it took a lot of soul searching, and I guess it—I probably thought about it for two or three years ‘fore—and, in the meantime, Ben and I were still working together on—on the projects up here, and, uh, I finally made the decision. I’ve gotta do it. I want to do it. I’d always been interested in construction and had some experience in that, and my[?]—my family wasn’t too eager about it at first. Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood The kids—I had a, uh, son<a title="">[5]</a> that was in the third grade and going—would be going into the fourth grade, and a daughter in the sixth grade, I believe, but they finally came around, and we moved up here, uh, second day of September, 1972. Went to work about the very next day and… [phone rings] Blackwood The kids start… [phone rings] Blackwood The kids started school the very next day after we got here, I think, and my family adjusted. They just loved Oviedo, and Sue<a title="">[6]</a> was a city girl. Sue was from Jacksonville. Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood And she didn’t think she wanted to move to Oviedo from St. Petersburg. We all loved St. Petersburg. I did too, but, um, we found Oviedo to be—the people here were the most gracious, welcoming. we never felt like a stranger, and part of that maybe was, because I came here with Ben Ward, who—his dad was a celery grower, and, uh, had—had groves here in town, and Ben had some land, and—quite a bit of land in and around Oviedo, and, uh, so we—we went from there. We started building houses, and, uh, Ben and I were together, uh, for four years, I think, and his interests were—was on development—land development, and mine… [phone beeps] Blackwood Was more in construction, and I didn’t have the deep pockets to go into land development [laughs], but Ben, uh—he had a vision for this—for this little town, and he—he wanted to—nothing but quality development, and he was the only one developing land in Oviedo, and he was always, I thought, a little ahead of the market, and it was, uh—it cost him financially, but he did it, and after we, uh—we split, we remained friends, and met on a weekly basis and compared what each of us was doin’, until he passed away in—I think he passed away in ‘99, and [coughs] I never—I feel he never deserved the credit he did—he deserved—for what he did for this little town, because you can look around he—he’s re—responsible for Mead Manor, Garden Grove, Whispering Oaks…. Suzanne Mmhmm. Blackwood Uh, Hill—Hillcrest, uh, Farms—I think was the name of it. Suzanne Uh, Windmilll… Blackwood Windmill Farms. Suzanne Farms. Blackwood Those were residential, uh, develops here. Suzanne How about Oviedo Oaks? Blackwood No, no, he didn’t—he didn’t develop that. Suzanne Hm. Blackwood Uh, and he also started—he did some commer—a couple of commercial projects. one of ‘em was, uh, Westwood Square. It was a commercial/industrial, uh, zoning area, and, uh, it’s completely built out now. Uh, do you know where, uh, Toucan—what—no, it’s—what’s the Spanish… Suzanne Habanero’s [Mexican Grill]. Blackwood Habanero’s. Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood You know where that is? Dobson I drove by it. Blackwood That was part of Westwood Square. All of those b—back in there was developed, and there was nothing out there at the time—nothing, and nothing between there and Oviedo [laughs], and… Suzanne One little gas station. Blackwood Yeah, the—the, uh, Tiger—Tiger Station. Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood We called it, and, uh, then there’s another, uh, I believe it’s called Oviedo Office Park up to your—on [Florida State Road] 426 between Westwood Square and the city limits—what was the city limits then—or the high school, say—and it’s a very nice commercial development, and it had doctor’s offices, uh, and that—that type of commu—uh, development, and, like I say, we—we came here—we’ve been here for 43 years now, and I could never move Sue from—get her out of this house or out of this city. Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood She loves it and the kids love it. My daughter lives in Tallahassee, and, uh, she—she’s down here quite often. My son works with me, or did work with me. He runs the business now. I’m just—I’m retired. I go in and aggravate him every day a little bit [laughs]. Uh, I don’t know. Do you have any questions from there? I’d be glad to drive you around a little Oviedo and show you some of these projects if you have the time… Dobson Okay. Blackwood Or the inclination. Dobson Sure, thank you. Suzanne Take her to, um, Whispering Oaks, ‘cuz that’s… Blackwood Yeah. Suzanne Really… Blackwood Well, they’re all nice. Suzanne Really, pretty, yes, Whispering Oaks has beautiful trees, but… Dobson Um… Blackwood Have I missed anything Sue? Suzanne I don’t’ think so. I think—I was amazed at how well you [laughs]… Blackwood Uh… Suzanne Covered everything. Blackwood Well, you know, that’s—that’s about it with, uh, my—my interests in Oviedo. It was… Suzanne I… Blackwood Was primarily building. I built all these years and… Suzanne Do you know what the population was when we moved here? Blackwood I should’ve… Suzanne [inaudible]. Blackwood Gone into that. It was about 2000, and, uh, it was about the same when I visited 10 years earlier. It hadn’t grown a bit. I don’t think it grew a bit from—I should’ve included this in it—from the ‘30s and on up to the ‘60s, and this development right here<a title="">[7]</a> was what started the growth in Oviedo, uh, after—after, um—no. I guess it was the edges[?] of [inaudible], uh, track builders started coming into Oviedo. The, uh, uh, Jacobs brothers owned two thousand acres of land where O—where Alafaya Woods is now and that area over there, uh—Twin Rivers and that area. They sold it to a group in Atlanta in the early [19]70s, and Bob pretty well fell out of construction for a while there, and nothin’, eh—I don’t know if that company went bankrupt or what, but they sold it to the Anden Group, and the Anden Group is a group that developed Alafaya Woods [clears throat], and it was a little bit, uh—it was, uh, a different type development than what Ben had been developing. I think he’d be surprised today if he knew how, um—he felt that—that Oviedo never had, uh—be, uh, anything but small, rural community [inaudible] with good home sites. ‘Course he knew, and I knew too, that when the university located there, sooner or later it was gonna affect Oviedo in a big way [coughs], and it did, but, uh… Suzanne Is—is Tom Phillips next door still teaching? Blackwood Yeah, he’s a professor over—no. he’s not teaching, but he’s retired. Suzanne He’s retired? Okay. Blackwood Yeah. Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood That’s—that’s probably… Suzanne We were surrounded by them. Blackwood Yeah, when we first moved here, the—‘course, this was, you know—all the professors had kids and we had kids, and it’s, uh, changed a couple times since then. You’ve got, uh, uh, older families that moved out, newer families with kids that moved in, and, uh, and, uh, and we’ve stuck—stuck here [laughs] all those years, but, um, we’ve seen the growth in Oviedo from two thousand to… Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood What? 35,000 now, probably. Dobson Do you think it was just the university that did that, or… Suzanne Pretty… Blackwood Well… Suzanne Pretty much. Blackwood It, uh—pretty much, I think. The [Central Florida] Research Park out there—and of course, it—it—Oviedo [clears throat]—it grew to be a—it had a very good school system.<a title="">[8]</a> I should’ve mentioned that. When—when we moved here, my son was going into the fourth grade, and we—he went to a school right across from where we lived, practically, in St Pete. He could walk to school, and they had gotten into the new, uh—let the kid reach his potential, don’t push him, don’t push him. Suzanne Mmhmm. Blackwood And… Unidentified [clears throat]. Blackwood I went and talked with the teacher about it, and—“Oh, Scott’s doin’ fine,” And it didn’t… Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood Seem to me that he was doin’ fine, and she said, “Oh, no, no. he’s fine.” Well, when we got here, he had teachers like Ms. [Margeurite] Partin. Suzanne Partin Elementary [School] was named after her, and she was a wonderful teacher. Blackwood And Ms. Gore, and s—same teachers that taught Ben Ward, and Bob Ward—that group. They were still there, and she went to work on Scott and brought him up to speed. He didn’t—he didn’t even know his multiplication tables, and [laughs]… Suzanne Does now [laughs]. Blackwood And all of the kids here did, but she—she put him to work on ‘em and you[?]—he learned real quick[sic], and caught up, and did alright, But it—it was just a great place to raise your kids, and, uh, I—I just can’t say enough about the—the town and about—about the guy that really got it goin’. Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood Ben Ward. Suzanne I think so too. Blackwood You get the chance to give him a plug—he’s long gone. his wife still lives here in Ovi—in, uh, Mead Manor, and his kids—he has one—one kid that lives in Tuscawilla and the rest of ‘em are scattered around. Suzanne Tuscawilla was not here at all when we moved here. Blackwood Well, it was too. It was one road… Suzanne [inaudible]. Blackwood Called Dyson Road<a title="">[9]</a> comin’ off of, uh, Tuskawilla Road—Dyson—and they had… Suzanne Dyson, yeah. Blackwood They—they just started developing a few lots there. That’s a beautiful sub—one of my favorite subdivisions. The area is Tuscawilla. Dobson Mm, what kinds of things has Blackwood Construction [Corporation] done? Blackwood We did primarily single-family and, uh, small commercial. We did, uh, dental office for Bob Beleren over in Winter Springs[, Florida], and that sort of thing, but we built over 500—we’ve got—I think we got… Suzanne 563 [laughs]. Blackwood Well, some of ‘em weren’t—some of ‘em in the recent years have just been small jobs… Suzanne And Lutheran Haven. mention Lutheran Haven. Blackwood Yeah, we did—we built most of Lutheran Haven projects out of, uh—duplexes. Suzanne You’ve probably passed Lutheran Haven on your way in. Yeah. Dobson Could be… Suzanne Hm. Dobson I’m not sure. Suzanne [inaudible]. Dobson I’m really not that familiar [laughs]… Suzanne It’s a big Lutheran church, and they—it has a retirement for us—little du—duplexes. Dobson Okay. Blackwood Its’ a… Suzanne Its’ a… Blackwood And a—and a, uh, nursing home now. Uh, we could even—if you’ve got time, I’ll drive you all over. show you—show you a little bit of Oviedo. Dobson Okay [laughs], Thank you. Suzanne Don’t want to live here? [laughs]. Dobson Yeah [laughs]. Um, I actually moved to Orlando from St. Pete for the same reasons. Suzanne Oh, my goodness. Dobson [laughs]. Blackwood Oh, really? Suzanne [laughs]. Dobson To get my son in a better school. Suzanne Aww. Blackwood Aw, really? Dobson Yeah, I don’t… Suzanne Well, you know, we thought the schools there were just great, ‘til we moved here. Blackwood Well, I didn’t think they were great, because I didn’t think our—our boy was learning anything. Suzanne Yeah, well… Blackwood And—and another thing, uh, we got caught up right in the Civil Rights [Movement]—we—you know where Bay Vista Elementary [School] is? Dobson Mmhmm. Blackwood We lived within a block of Bay Vista, at that time, and the kids walked to school, and it was a fairly new school then, and, uh, eh, I think, 11 or—yeah, she was in the fifth grade when all the civil rights—and they started bussing kids, and she got bussed to the school right in the middle of St.—black school in the middle of St. Pete. Suzanne I don’t remember what the school was—the— the name of the school. Blackwood I don’t remember. Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood But [laughs] it—it, uh—it was only for that one year, and she got along fine. Suzanne Yeah, she did. Blackwood She didn’t have any problems, but… Suzanne She—she made some good friends there. Blackwood It just didn’t make sense to take kids that [laughs] could walk to school and pay a bus to drive them somewhere else. Suzanne [laughs] It was probably a good experience. Blackwood Well, you [inaudible]—how—how long did you live in St. Pete? Dobson Uh, five or six years. Suzanne You weren’t born there then? Dobson No. Blackwood From when to when? Dobson Uh, it was recent. I’ve been in Orlando for three years. Blackwood Three years? Dobson Yes. Blackwood Oh, well, you saw—you’ve seen the downtown area really change. Dobson Yes, it has [laughs]. Blackwood We—we—I graduated on Saturday night, and we packed up everything, and we had. I met Sue at [the University of] Florida her—her senior year [laughs], and… Suzanne Just about. Blackwood And, uh, we packed up everything. We—we got married, uh, my last semester there. we got married, and she’d graduated the semester ‘fore I did. She’s smarter than I am. Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood And we moved to St. Pete on Sunday, and I started work Monday. I was, uh—I worked as a city planner for 14 years ‘fore I came here. Dobson Wow. What kind of things did you do? Blackwood What kind of work? Suzanne Yeah. Blackwood Well, uh, we—are—are you—if you’re familiar with the parks system in Oviedo—just to give you an example—uh, in, uh, St. Pete, um—Southside Park—you know the 40-acre park down Lakewood Elementary [School]? Suzanne Mmhmm. Blackwood And all of that? That was a plan that we came up with. Oh, oh—we developed a five-year pl—plan. We had a great city manager named Lynn [H.] Andrews, from about the time I went there until he left in ‘69, and he had a—a capital improvement program—a five-year, capital improvement program, and every year, they would, uh, budget certain projects, and at the end of the year, you’d see if the money was spent right on those projects [inaudible]. He—he’d project the five years another year, but he adjusted every year during that five years, and, uh, he built the, uh—had the, uh—Bayfront Center was built, the museum downtown, the waterfront—the city park of the waterfront, Northeast Park, there was all developed while he was there. The pier—inverted pier—was built, and I was all part of all that, and it was just interesting and fun, until he left, and we got another manager, and I just did not enjoy working anymore. Suzanne Oh. Blackwood That’s how I happened to come here. Suzanne I think that was the time to come here. Dobson What was civil rights like in St. Pete? What was your experience with it? Blackwood Well, uh, my main experience—it was no problem. 16th Street was kind of, uh—they[?] had their riots and things during the time. Dobson They still do [laughs]. Blackwood [laughs] And my main memory of it—and this was why Lynn Andrews left St. Petersburg. I’m sure. In ‘68 or ‘69 when they, um, allowed public employees to be unionized—the garbage department became unionized, and they went on strike one year, and Mr. Andrews, uh, negotiated with ‘em and got ‘em back—not a big break in service. The very next year, they went on strike again, and he—on Monday morning, they didn’t show up for work. the whole garbage department didn’t show up for work, and he gave them an ultimatum. He said that “Anyone that’s not back on the job by Thursday of this week will be permanently terminated—all benefits and everything.” Well, they—the union didn’t believe him, I guess, because a big percent—some did come back. Within a week he had completely re-staffed that from people from Georgia—different people looking for jobs. He completely re-staffed the garbage department, and a lot of employees lost their jobs, and from that point on, The St. Pete Times took up the position of the strikers. They marched on city hall every day, and he didn’t yield. It’s kinda like Ronald Reagan and, uh—and the, uh, uh, air [traffic] controller strike. You’re probably too young to even remember that. All [laughs]. Blackwood But he did the same thing, and, um, from that day on, anything that, that Lynn Andrews did—and I was privy to what was going on there, he would be lambasted in The St. Pete Times for it, and after about, uh, a year of that he, uh—he went back to Tex—he came to St. Pete from San Antonio, Texas, as the city manager, and he went back as the city manager of, uh, Austin, Texas. When he came to St. Pete, he brought his finance director, um, his assistant city manager, and the budget director—was, uh—that group came. When he left, they all went with him, except one, and he left the city and went to work for First Federal [Bank of Florida]. Dobson Wow, That’s impressive. Keeping your staff with you. Suzanne And they were good, good men, weren’t they? Blackwood Good men, all of ‘em. yeah, Smart men. I often said. If he’d of run for president. I woulda… Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood I woulda—he—he was firm, but he was fair, But, uh, no. We—we love St. Pete. We go back every now and then, when we get a chance. [inaudible]… Suzanne How many people weren’t up there anymore? Blackwood Yeah, most of my old buddies are gone. [laughs]. Yeah. Dobson It’s still a lovely place to visit. Suzanne Yeah, and the downtown is so—with the waterfront—is so nice now. Blackwood You know, I went down for a job interview, and Sue went with me, and that was before we were married. I went—I got a summer job there, and, uh [laughs], we drove into St Pete from—came down 30—34th Street, turned left on Central [Avenue] and got downtown, and I—we—this was in April. Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood We saw nothin’ but green benches and gray heads, and that’s quite a shock comin’ from Gainesville. Suzanne From Gainesville, yeah, where everybody’s young to… Blackwood Where everybody’s young. Suzanne To where everybody’s old. Blackwood [laughs]. Suzanne [laughs] but it was a good place to live. Blackwood It—yeah. Suzanne [inaudible]. Blackwood It—it—it had something for everybody then, but the majority—I think 25 percent of the population then was 65 or older. It had, uh—I knew at the time, the population was 180 thousand when, uh, we moved there, and I think it was about 22 5[thousand] when we left. I don’t know what it is now, but it had pretty well built out. There wasn’t much developable land in St. Pete, other than up and around Whedon’s[sic] Island area. Suzanne What part of St. Pete did you live in? Dobson Um, I lived on First Avenue North and 25th Street. So… Blackwood 25th Street? [inaudible]. Dobson Almost downtown. Blackwood Uh huh, al—yeah. Suzanne We lived almost downtown when we first moved there. Blackwood We had a little garage apartment, uh… Suzanne Right near the hos—near Mound[?] Park Hospital. Blackwood No, no. our garage apartment was, uh, up on the Northside. Suzanne Oh, that one? Blackwood About 26th Avenue North, and then we—we bought a, um—an old, 50-year-old apartment building down on 11th Avenue South, and I could walk to work from there—to City Hall, and we—we moved in— fixed up one unit and moved in it, and as a tenant left, we’d remodel that tenant[sic]—that unit and fix it up. Made a nice place. Suzanne Was your son… Blackwood Oh. Suzanne Born there? Dobson Uh, he was born in Clearwater. I lived in Clearwater, Largo, Dunedin [laughs]. Suzanne Oh. Blackwood You ever heard of Fred Marquis? Dobson I don’t think so. Blackwood He was county manager there in Pinellas County for 25 years, I guess. I think he set a record for it, but he… Suzanne [laughs]. Blackwood He—he was a planner, uh, with, uh—in St. Pete with me [coughs]. He came there right out of graduate school, and, uh, worked there, and we became good friends, but I hadn’t been in touch with him for years. Uh, he’s—he’s—he’s since retired. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Bernard. </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> University of Florida. </div> <div> <a title="">[3]</a> Present-day University of Central Florida. </div> <div> <a title="">[4]</a> Florida Technological University. </div> <div> <a title="">[5]</a> Scott Blackwood. </div> <div> <a title="">[6]</a> Suzanne A. Blackwood. </div> <div> <a title="">[7]</a> Mead Manor. </div> <div> <a title="">[8]</a> Seminole County Public Schools (SCPS). </div> <div> <a title="">[9]</a> Correction: Dyson Drive. </div> </div> 11th Avenue 16th Street 1st Avenue 25th Street 34th Street Alafaya Woods Anden Group Bay Vista Elementary School Bayfront Center Ben Ward, Jr. Bernard O. Blackwood Bernie Blackwood Bill Martin Blackwood Construction Corporation Bob Beleren Bob Ward bussing Central Avenue Central Florida Research Park Charles N. Millican Charles Norman Millican city managers city planners civil rights Civil Rights Movement colleges construction demonstrations desegregation Division Street Downtown St. Petersburg Dyson Drive educators Eleventh Avenue First Avenue Florida State Road 426 Florida Technological University Frank Wheeler Fred Marquis FTU Garden Grove Gore Habanero's Mexican Grill integration Joe Gomez John Evans labor labor rights land development Lutheran Haven Lynn H. Andrews Marguerite Partin Mead Drive Mead Manor neighborhoods Northeast Park Oviedo Oviedo Land Group Oviedo Oaks Oviedo Office Park Partin Elementary School Phil Gorey Pinellas County professors protesters protests public employees race relations real estate residential developments riots Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan Roy Clontz Saint Petersburg school bus school buses schools Scott Blackwood SCPS Seminole County Public Schools Sixteenth Street Southside Park SR 426 St. Pete St. Petersburg strikers strikes subdivisions Sue Blackwood Suzanne A. Blackwood teachers The St. Petersburg Times Tiger Station Tom Phillips Tuscawilla Tuskawilla Road Twin Rivers UCF unionization unions universities university University of Central Florida Westwood Square Whispering Oaks Windmill Farms https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/21a86fbc62905928a1d924747936fd6c.pdf 059a04bbc8a4e7a09c6b9e628fd1d6b0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Watermark Collection Alternative Title The Watermark Collection Subject Gay culture--United States Description Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES Program</a> Type Collection Contributing Project <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/%20" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/">The Watermark</a> Curator Smith, Robert Cepero, Laura O'Neal, Rhiannon Hearn, Nikki Greene, Quintella Rodriguez, Sharon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/%20" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/" target="_blank">About/Contact</a>." WatermarkOnline.com, accessed July 11, 2016. http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 18, August 29-September 11, 2002 Alternative Title Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 18 Subject Gay culture--United States Description The eighteenth issue of the ninth volume of The Watermark was published on August 29, 2002, and was the newspaper's annual arts coverage edition. The cover story features two lesbian filmmakers, who would debut their collaboration film, Butch Spa Day, at the annual Tampa International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival. Also featured were spotlights on local Central Florida artists, whose disciplines include painting, dance and theatre. The issue also includes several stories relevant to the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) community, such as a Pennsylvania court ruling in favor of adoption in same-sex partnerships, the murders of trans individuals in Jacksonville, Florida, and Washington, D.C., and statistics on the increase of non-discriminatory practices in organizations. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark. Type Text Source Original 76-page newspaper: <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">The Watermark</a>, Vol. 9, No. 18, August 29-September 11, 2002: Publications Collection, <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/203" target="_blank">The Watermark Collection</a>, RICHES. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 76-page newspaper: <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">The Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 18, August 29-September 11, 2002.</a> Coverage Orlando, Florida Tampa, Florida Sarasota, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Harrisburg, Pennsylvania St. Petersburg, Florida Miami, Florida New York, New York Creator Blake, Michael Campbell, Scottie Chisman, Erin J. Craige, Shelley Crescitelli, Jim Donahoo, Logan Dyer, Tom Guarino, David R. Guay Rena Hartlage, Kirk Holt, D.J. Jackowitz, Enid Jackowitz, Syd Kundis, Ken Martinac, Paula Masters, Billy Rojas, Arturo Smith, Scott Jackson Sullivan, John Triggs, Greg Varnell, Paul Viren, Sarah Walen, Rick Westveer, Drew Wiggins, Jayelle Wilde, Diane Publisher <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Media</a> Date Created ca. 2002-08-29 Date Issued 2002-08-29 Date Copyrighted 2002-08-29 Format application/pdf Medium 76-page newspaper Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally published by <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Media</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Publishing Group</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> Curator O'Neil, Rhiannon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/" target="_blank">About/Contact</a>." WatermarkOnline.com, accessed January 28, 2018. http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/. A Different Grind Abel Matus acquired immune deficiency syndrome Adeline Virginia Woolf AIDS Al Leach Alan Chambers Alison Bechdel Allan Gilmour Amy Nestor Andrew J. Patterson Anna Brennan Anthony Verdugo Jr. Bill Kanouff bisexual Bloomsbury Group Brett Lassiter Butch Spa Day Byron Howard Carrie West Central Stage Theatre Company Chip Thullbery Chris Carter Chris Sanders Chris Zacharda Christian Montoya Christopher Knott Clive Bell comics Crawford D.J. Holt D2 Productions Dade Human Rights Foundation Dana Taylor Hill Daniel J. Harris Danny Lucas Dave Allen Thomas David Dillon Dean DeBlois Deasha "Gerald" Andrews Devin Scott Angus Diane Wilde Don Dupree Dora Carrington Doris Burnell Doug White Duncan Grant Ed Baklor Ellen Flynt Elvis Aaron Presley Equality Florida Ethan Green Exodus International North America Frederica Wilson Gary Gessford gay Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation GLAAD Glenda Hood Greg Triggs Harvey Milk Institute Headdress Ball Helen Clark HIV homosexuality homosexuals Hope & Help Center Howard Brush Dean III HRC human immunodeficiency virus Human Rights Campaign James Jacob Pierri Jeff Ray Jeff Rouch Jeremy Gloff Jim Merritt John Maynard Keynes John Phillip Mullinax John Sonego John Sullivan Jonathan Katz Joshua P. Smith Julie Hill Kathleen M. Waltz Kathy Kremmler Keith Fry Kimla Green Larry Kramer Larry Kramer Initiative Leona Helmsley Leonard Woolf lesbians LGBT LGBTQ+ Lori Lamaritata Lori Surrency Lydia Lopokova Lytton Strachey Mark Bias Marty Chapman Mary Ellen Hindman Mary Quillin Miami-Dade County Christian Coalition Michael Blake Michael Kopper Michael Shelton Nancy Wilson Nayibe Bousse orlando Out & Equal Pamela "Pam" Jo Bondi Parliament House Patricia Ireland Patrick Howell Patrick Ward Queer Duck queers questioning Ralph Patterson Renee Lukas Richard Waugh Rob Lyon Russell Dyer Rusty Mead Ryan Carver same-sex Sarasota Sarasota AIDS Theatre Project Scott Boswell Scott Jackson Smith Scottie Campbell Sharon Kegereis Shepard Summers Slake Counts Sonny Gonzales Stageworks Stephanie "Wilbur" Thomas Stephen Allen Stephen Hair Tampa Tampa Bay Arts, Inc. Tampa Bay Gay Men's Chorus Tampa International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival The Watermark TIGLFF Tom Dyer Tom Zaizar Tomes & Treasures Tony G. Smith trans transgender Troy Perry Ukea "Deon" Davis Vanessa Stephen Vin Diesel Virginia Stephen Vita Sackville-West Water Colors https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/054b100560db4cf9a5a962508bac8aae.pdf 75400c19c37d35288b8990a53b9ebd3f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Watermark Collection Alternative Title The Watermark Collection Subject Gay culture--United States Description Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/" target="_blank">RICHES Program</a> Type Collection Contributing Project <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/%20" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/">The Watermark</a> Curator Smith, Robert Cepero, Laura O'Neal, Rhiannon Hearn, Nikki Greene, Quintella Rodriguez, Sharon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.floridalgbtqmuseum.org/%20" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/" target="_blank">About/Contact</a>." WatermarkOnline.com, accessed July 11, 2016. http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 22, October 24-November 6, 2002 Alternative Title Watermark, Vol. 9, No. 22 Subject Gay culture--United States Description The twenty-second issue of the ninth volume of The Watermark was published on October 24, 2002, and was the culminating issue of the 2002 midterm elections, providing readers with brief vignettes on where each candidate stood in relation to issues affecting the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) community. It also spotlights the demonstration that took place on the steps of Orlando City Hall to encourage Mayor Glenda Hood to make a decision regarding adding "sexual orientation" to the list of non-discrimination policies. This issue also has a pullout section for the second annual WAVE (Watermark Awards for Variety and Excellence) Awards, chosen online by the readers. This section includes articles covering some of the top winners, such as the Lava Lounge and the Urban Body Clothing stores in both Tampa and Orlando. Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark. Type Text Source Original 72-page newspaper <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">The Watermark</a>, Vol. 9, No. 22, October 24-November 6, 2002: Publications Collection, <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/203" target="_blank">The Watermark Collection</a>, RICHES. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 72-page newspaper: <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">The Watermark</a>, Vol. 9, No. 22, October 24-November 5, 2002. Coverage Orlando, Florida Tampa, Florida Sarasota, Florida Orlando City Hall, Orlando, Florida Sawmill Campground, Dade City, Florida Lava Lounge, Orlando, Florida Urban Body Clothing, Tampa, Florida Urban Body Clothing, Orlando, Florida Starke, Florida Creator Blake, Michael Campbell, Scottie Chisman, Erin J. Craige, Shelley Crescitelli, Jim Donahoo, Logan Dyer, Tom Guarino, David R. Guay, Rena Hartlage, Kirk Jackowitz, Enid Jackowitz, Syd Kundis, Ken Martinac, Paula Masters, Billy Rojas, Arturo Shapiro, Gregg Smith, Scott Jackson Sullivan, John Triggs, Greg Varnell, Paul Viren, Sarah Walen, Rick Westveer, Drew Wiggins, Jayelle Wilde, Diane Publisher <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Media</a> Date Created ca. 2002-10-24 Date Issued 2002-10-24 Date Copyrighted 2002-10-24 Format application/pdf Medium 72-page newspaper Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally published by <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Media</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/" target="_blank">Watermark Publishing Group</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> Curator O'Neil, Rhiannon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://glbthistorymuseum.com/joomla25/index.php?lang=en" target="_blank">GLBT History Museum of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/" target="_blank">About/Contact</a>." WatermarkOnline.com, accessed January 28, 2018. http://www.watermarkonline.com/aboutcontact/. ABBA Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AIDS Aileen Wuornos Alan Chambers Alan Miller Alcazar Ander Crenshaw Andreas Lundstedt Andy Gardiner Anthony Suarez Area Agency on Aging Arlene Sweeting Barbara Trovillion Rushing Barry Winchell Bart Coyle Benny Andersson Bertrand Delanoe Betty DeGeneres Betty Wyman Beulah Farquharson Bill Galvano Bill Kanouff Bill Maxwell Bill McBride Billy Manes bisexual Bjorn Again Bjorn Ulvaeus Brett Peeler Brian Blair Bruce Antone Cactus Club Camp Mars Carolyn Bricklemeyer Cathy Renna Centaur Central Florida AIDS United Resources Chambers Charles "Charlie" Joseph Crist Jr. Charles S. Knause Cherokee Club Cherylin Sarkisian LaPierre Chris Manley Christian Coalition Christopher Eaton Chuck Kalogianis Clarence Hoenstine Clicks Cliff B. Stearns Connie Kurtz Corrine Brown Crawford Daisy Lynum Darcell Stevens Dave Weldon David Buby David Dillon David E. Bruderly David Geffen Debbie Simmons Derek King DH Productions Diamond Furniture Gallery Dignity USA Donna Clarke Eddie Diaz Edith Lederberg Ellen DeGeneres Equality Florida Eric Marcus Eric Siglin Exodus Faye Culp Florida AIDS Action Florida AIDS Action Council Francis House Frank Bell Frank Farkas Frank Peterman Jr. Fred Brummer Fred Phelps Gary Nixon Gary Siplin gay Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation Gay Days Gay Games Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Community Center Gene Copello Ginny Brown-Waite Glenda Hood Grant Lynn Ford Gregory "Gregg" LeNoir Allman Harry Jacobs Headdress Ball HIV homosexuality homosexuals Hope & Help Center of Central Florida human immunodeficiency virus Human Rights Campaign Infectious Disease Consultants Infinite Tribe Drum Corps Jade Fairall James Donald Sallace James Jacob Pierri Jan Schneider Janet Buckles Janice Josephine Carney Jeb Bush Jeff Miller Jeff Walton Jennifer Carroll Jennifer Falero Jerry Falwell Jerry Keeran Jess Abuleson Jim B. Martin Jim Crescitelli Jim Garciga Travel Jim Kallinger Jim Luscombe Jim Merritt Jim Tso John Butter Book John Carassas John Hugh "Buddy" Dyer John L. Mica John Morroni John Quinones John T. Conway Joie Cadle Jose Fernandez Kai Rush Karen Thurman Katherine Harris Kathy Barman Kathy Castor Ken Shelin Kim Berfield Kim's Club Koko Guevarra Kris Doubles Kristin Hart Kurt Gratzol Lani Brito Larry Martin Larry Smith Laurie Anderson Laurie Ellison Lava Lounge Lawrence P. Milford lesbians LGBTQ+ Liberty Council Linda Stewart Lisa Tilman-Healy Liz Langley Log Cabin Republicans Lorenzo Robertson Lou Hidu Margaret Murray Mark Howard Marni Berger Matthew Shepard Max Baucus Max Morris MC Film Fest Mel White Melissa Hernandez Michael Bilirakis Michael Fried Michele Balan Mike Taylor Mike Thomas Nancy Alexander Nancy Newbie Nazhoni Nic Arnzen One Laurel Place Orlando Anti-Discrimination Ordinance Committee Parliament House Pat Burke Pat Frank Patricia Kutteles Patrick A. Kranz Patrick Howell Patty Sheehan People For A United Orlando Phil Diamond Plush Pookie's Bow Wow Pride Tampa Bay Pridefest queers questioning Rainbow Democratic Club Republicans Ric Keller Rick Merrifield Rick Walen Ricky Chavis Rob Lorenten Robb & Stucky Robert T. Clark Robin Guess Ron Dyser Rose Ferlita Ruth King Ruthie Berman Salvatore Phillip "Sonny" Bono same-sex Sanderson Foundation Sandra L. Murman Sara Romeo Sarah Viren Sarasota Equality Project Scott Dunkle Scott Farrell Scott Jackson Smith Scottie Campbell Selvin Orlando Campos Shannon Woodrum Sheri McInvale Sonny and Cher Southern Nights Sterling Powell Steve Cooley, Ever Wilfredo Rivera Susan Valdes Suzanne Westenhoefer Tampa Bay AIDS Network Tampa Bay Business Guild Tampa International Gay and Lesbian Film Festival Team Tampa Bay Ted Howard Ted Maines Terry King The Watermark Thomas Kilmon Thomas Schwartz Tim Shea Tom Dyer Tom Feeney Tom Waddell Tom Woodard Tommy Manley transgender Triangle Democratic Caucus Troy Newton Tyler Grey Tyson Richmond Unity Leadership Tampa Bay Valerie Mincey Vicki Vargo Vincent K. Hopkins Water Colors Watermark Awards for Variety and Excellence WAVE Awards Wayne Hogan Wes Allison William D. Van Allen Jr. William Waybourn Withlacoochee Women's Music & Comedy Fest https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/75da534fe33e33df860e5224eba085a6.jpg d1636e4e7e063a1f6b21cbd94110d3df Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Milane Theatre Collection Alternative Title Milane Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Buildings--Florida Theaters--Florida Film industry (Motion pictures) Description The Milane Theatre was built at 203 South Magnolia Avenue, the former location of the Star Theatre, an abandoned movie house. Scroggs and Ewing, architects from Georgia, prepared the plans for the Milane. The name of the new theater was derived from the combination of the Milane Amusement Company president and vice president: Frank L. Miller and Edward F. Lane, respectively. The Milane opened in July of 1923 and seated 823 patrons. In 1933, the Milane was sold to Frank and Stella Evans, investors from Lake Mary, Florida. The new owners renamed their business the Ritz Theater and held the property until the 1990s. However, the Ritz struggled financially in the 1960s and closed in 1978 due to failure to compete with the new multiplex theaters. The building remained vacant until 1984, when it reopened as the Showtime Cantina. The Showtime Cantina closed in 1988 and remained vacant and in decay. In the mid-1990s, Ritz Community Theater Projects, Inc. acquired the property and began rehabilitation in 1998. On May 6, 2000, the theater reopened as the Helen Stairs Theatre in honor of the citizen who led the restoration project, Helen Stairs. The following year, the location was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 2008, additional renovations were completed and the theater was renamed the Wayne Densch Performing Arts Center in honor of the Wayne Densch Charitable Trust Fund for contributing to the renovations fund. Language eng Coverage Opera House, Downtown Sanford, Florida Star Theatre, Downtown Sanford, Florida Milane Theatre, Downtown Sanford, Florida Ritz Theatre, Downtown Sanford, Florida Showtime Cantina, Downtown Sanford, Florida Helen Stairs Theatre, Downtown Sanford, Florida Wayne Densch Performing Arts Center, Downtown Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Contributor Cepero, Laura Lynn <a href="http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/departments-services/leisure-services/parks-recreation/museum-of-seminole-county-history/" target="_blank">Museum of Seminole County History</a> <a href="http://thehistorycenter.org/">Orange County Regional History Center</a> <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456">Sanford Museum</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. External Reference "<a href="http://www.stageclick.com/venue/457.aspx" target="_blank">Helen Stairs Theatre</a>." StageClick. http://www.stageclick.com/venue/457.aspx. "<a href="http://www.wdpac.com/footer-menu/theater-history/" target="_blank">Theater History</a>." Wayne Densch Performing Arts Center. http://www.wdpac.com/footer-menu/theater-history/. "<a href="http://www.wdpac.com/footer-menu/theater-history/" target="_blank">Theater History</a>." Seminole County: Florida's Natural Choice. http://www.visitseminole.com/listingdetail/53/wayne-densch-performing-arts-center.aspx. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Ritz Theatre Before Renovations Alternative Title Ritz Theatre Before Renovations Subject Sanford (Fla.) Buildings--Florida Theaters--Florida Description Ritz Theatre in 1996, before its restoration. Originally the Milane Theatre, the building was constructed at 203 South Magnolia Avenue in Sanford, the former location of the Star Theatre, an abandoned movie house. Scroggs and Ewing, architects from Georgia, prepared the plans for the Milane. The name of the new theater was derived from the combination of the presidents of the Milane Amusement Company president and vice president: Frank L. Miller and Edward F. Lane. The Milane opened in July of 1923 and seated 823 patrons. In 1933, the Milane was sold to Frank and Stella Evans, investors from Lake Mary, Florida. The new owners renamed their business the Ritz Theatre and held the property until the 1990s. However, the Ritz struggled financially in the 1960s and closed in 1978 due to failure to compete with the new multiplex theaters. The building remained vacant until 1984, when it reopened as the Showtime Cantina. The Showtime Cantina closed in 1988 and remained vacant and in decay. In the mid-1990s, Ritz Community Theater Projects, Inc. acquired the property and began rehabilitation in 1998. On May 6, 2000, the theater reopened as the Helen Stairs Theatre in honor of the citizen who led the restoration project, Helen Stairs. The following year, the location was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 2008, additional renovations were completed at the theater was renamed the Wayne Densch Performing Arts Center in honor of the Wayne Densch Charitable Trust Fund for contributing to the renovations fund. Abstract The Ritz Theater, downtown Sanford. Creator Bloodwort, Doris Source Newspaper reproduction of original color photograph by Doris Bloodwort, 1994: <a href="http://mysanfordherald.com/">The Sanford Herald</a>, June 11, 1996. Publisher <a href="http://mysanfordherald.com/">The Sanford Herald</a> Date Created 1994 Is Format Of Digital reproduction of oreprinted color photograph by Doris Bloodwort, 1994. Is Part Of <a href="http://mysanfordherald.com/">The Sanford Herald</a>, June 11, 1996. Ritz Theatre Collection, <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456">Sanford Museum</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/42">Milane Theatre Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpeg Extent 1.18 MB Medium 1 black and white photograph Language eng Type Still Image Coverage Sanford, Florida Spatial Coverage 28.810527, -81.266859 Temporal Coverage 1994-01-01/1996-06-11 Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Doris Bloodwort and published by <a href="http://mysanfordherald.com/">The Sanford Herald</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://mysanfordherald.com/">The Sanford Herald</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/buildingblocks.php">Building Blocks</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456">Sanford Museum</a> External Reference "Helen Stairs Theatre." StageClick. http://www.stageclick.com/venue/457.aspx. "Theater History." Wayne Densch Performing Arts Center. http://www.wdpac.com/footer-menu/theater-history/. "Wayne Densch Performing Arts Center." Seminole County: Florida's Natural Choice. http://www.visitseminole.com/things-to-do/general/wayne-densch-performing-arts-center. External Reference Title "<a href="http://www.stageclick.com/venue/457.aspx" target="_blank">Helen Stairs Theatre</a>" "<a href="http://www.wdpac.com/footer-menu/theater-history/" target="_blank">Theater History</a>" "<a href="http://www.visitseminole.com/things-to-do/general/wayne-densch-performing-arts-center" target="_blank">Wayne Densch Performing Arts Center</a>" Date Copyrighted 1996-06-11 Date Issued 1996-06-11 Has Format Original color photograph by Doris Bloodwort, 1994. Transcript RITZ THEATRE Bloodwort, Doris Magnolia Avenue Ritz Theater Showtime Cantina https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/153f1936f31ed3518f50e03f8552c2eb.mp3 1086aa5382e5073065e479126ed05187 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Jazz Collection Alternative Title Jazz Collection Subject Music--United States Jazz--United States Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.” By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s. The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance. Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors. Contributor <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida WUCF-TV, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Alkyer, Frank. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"> DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology</a>. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009. Gioia, Ted. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank">The History of Jazz</a>. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank">Jazz: A History of America's Music</a>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title "Don't Worry 'Bout Me" by Terry Myers Alternative Title "Don't Worry 'Bout Me" by Myers Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--United States Jazz--United States Description An audio recording of "Don't Worry 'Bout Me," composed by Rube Bloom (1902-1976) with lyrics by Ted Koehler (1894-1983), and performed by Terry Myers live on-air on WUCF-FM on August 14, 2006. Myers is a reed player from Iowa who developed a successful career in Nashville, Tennessee, and New York before moving to Central Florida, where he became a band leader at Walt Disney World's Epcot theme park and the band leader at Rosie O'Grady's Good Time Jazz Emporium at Church Street Station in Orlando. Myers has played at jazz festivals across the United States, Europe, and Asia, and is currently the director of the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. "Don't Worry 'Bout Me" was composed by Bloom and Koehler in 1938 and has been recorded by numerous artists, including Ella Fitzgerald (1917-1996), Billie Holiday (1915-1959), and Frank Sinatra (1915-1998). Type Sound Source Original 5-minute and 40-second audio recording: Bloom, Rube abd Ted Koehler. "Don't Worry 'Bout Me," by Terry Myers: <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a>, Orlando, Florida, August 14, 2006. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank">Jazz Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida Coverage WUCF-FM, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Creator Bloom, Rube Koehler, Ted Publisher <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> Contributor Myers, Terry Date Created 2006-08-14 Date Issued 2006-08-14 Date Copyrighted 2006-08-14 Format audio/mp3 Extent 5.2 MB Medium 5-minute and 40-second audio recording Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created by Rube Bloom and Ted Koehler, performed by Terry Myers, and published by <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Reuben "Rube" Bloom and Ted L. Koehler and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html" target="_blank">Meet Terry Myers</a>." BuddyMorrowProductions.com. http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html (accessed March 10, 2015). Billie Holiday CAH Church Street Station College of Arts and Humanities Don't Worry 'Bout Me Eleanora Fagan Ella Fitzgerald Ella Jane Fitzgerald Epcot Francis Albert Sinatra Frank Sinatra jazz jazz ensembles jazz saxophones jazz saxophonists musicians National Public Radio NPR orlando PBS Public Broadcasting Service radio stations radios Reed reed players Reuben Bloom Rosie O'Grady's Good Time Jazz Emporium Rube Bloom soprano saxophones soprano saxophonists Ted Koehler Ted L. Koehler tenor saxophones tenor saxophonists Terry Myers Tommy Dorsey Orchestra UCF University of Central Florida Walt Disney World woodwind players woodwinds WUCF-FM https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/28b04d56122eb7ce2a8d3dd714badb67.pdf 195cf90e725fd5aa360f658bea7eb274 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Carol E. Mundy Collection Alternative Title Mundy Collection Subject Apopka (Fla.) Description The Carol E. Mundy Collection consists of hundreds of 19th- and 20th-century African-American memorabilia from the Apopk, Florida. The collection provides a snapshot into life within the African-American business community. This collection challenges our preconceived notions of how African-American communities lived in this time period. The entrepreneurial and community spirit thrived despite oppressive conditions. Contributor Mundy, Carol E. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Apopka, Florida Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.africanamericanlegacy.com/" target="_blank">African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1720-Present</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections & University Archives</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.africanamericanlegacy.com/" target="_blank">African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1720-Present</a>." African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1720-Present. http://www.africanamericanlegacy.com/. "<a href="http://mundyhr.com/" target="_blank">AAHEC: African American History Education and Culture</a>." African American History Education and Culture. http://mundyhr.com/. "<a href="http://africana.cah.ucf.edu/mundycenter/" target="_blank">The Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center</a>." The Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center. http://africana.cah.ucf.edu/mundycenter/. Apopka Historical Society. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55471340" target="_blank">Apopka</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2004. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/74" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 4-page sheet music Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title "States and Their Capitals" Sheet Music Alternative Title "States and Their Capitals" Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--United States Musicians--Southern States Folk music--United States Sheet music Description Sheet music for the song, "States and Their Capitals," with words and music by Mary M. Blunt. The cover features a photograph of Blunt. The song was copyrighted in 1944. According to the cover, Blunt lived at 112 North Terry Street in Orlando, Florida. At the time that the song was composed, the United States only had 48 states and had five territories. The territories were Alaska, Guam, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. American Samoa was also a territory, but lacked an established civilian government. Alaska and Hawaii earned statehood in 1959. Type Text Source Original 4-page sheet music, 1944: <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/AAL" target="_blank">African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010</a>, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/AAL" target="_blank">African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010</a>, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/74" target="_blank">Carol E. Mundy Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 4-page sheet music, 1944. <a href="https://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/AAL/id/257" target="_blank">https://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/AAL/id/257</a> Coverage Home of Mary M. Blunt, Orlando, Florida Creator Blunt, Mary M. Date Created ca. 1944 Date Copyrighted 1944 Format application/pdf Extent 678 KB Medium 4-page sheet music Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally composed by Mary M. Blunt. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Mary M. Blunt and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Special Collections and University Archives</a> External Reference DeVane, Dwight, Blaine Waide, Peggy A. Bulger, Doris J. Dyen, and David Evans. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/856993560" target="_blank">Drop on Down in Florida: Field Recordings of African American Traditional Music 1977-1980</a>. Atlanta, Ga: Dust-to-Digital, 2012. Morris, Alton Chester, and Leonhard Deutsch. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/20853347" target="_blank">Folksongs of Florida</a>. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1990. African American African American music African-American Legacy - The Carol Mundy Collection Blunt, Mary M. Carol Mundy Collection CMC composer folk folk music Mundy, Carol E. music musician orlando Parramore sheet music songwriter songwriting Terry Street https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ba96b54acec3cebf7c9523fecc455e48.jpg bbf4bb092632e2082954b9805a51a7cc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Friends of Lake Apopka Collection Alternative Title FOLA Collection Subject Lake Apopka (Fla.) Water quality--Florida Pollution--Florida Description The Friends of Lake Apopka (FOLA) is a citizen advocacy group with the mission of restoring Lake Apopka in Orange County and Lake County, Florida. Due to poor farming practices along its shores, Lake Apopka has become one of the largest polluted lakes in Florida. This collection features various archival items related to the restoration of the lake. Contributor <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Lake Apopka, Florida Florida Game and Fresh Water Commission, Tallahassee, Florida Oakland, Florida Orlando, Florida Saint Johns River, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Haven, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Curator Cepero, Laura King, Joshua Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Our Mission & Purpose</a>." Friends of Lake Apopka. http://www.fola.org/. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1 newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from Percy D. Blunt to the Editor of The Winter Garden Times (April 1, 1966) Alternative Title Letter from Blunt to Winter Garden Times (April 1, 1966) Subject Lake Apopka (Fla.) Water quality--Florida Pollution--Florida Fishing--Florida Description A letter to the editor of The Winter Garden Times from Percy D. Blunt, who served as the Mayor of Winter Garden, Florida, from 1963 to 1965. In the letter, Blunt comments on a previous editorial which called for rejuvenation of tourism and water sports on Lake Apopka. Blunt believes that for this to be possible, citizen advocacy groups must form to combat the special interests groups who benefit from the pollution of the lake. Blunt mentions several state legislators that he appealed to for help in restoring the lake, without success. He also mentions the polluted state of Lulu Creek, which flows through Winter Garden and carried citrus processing discharge into Lake Apopka. Type Text Source Photocopy of original newspaper article: Blunt, Percy D. "Letter to the Editor." The Winter Garden Times, April 1966: binder 1966, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>, Oakland, Florida. Is Part Of Binder 1966, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>, Oakland, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/153" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of photocopied newspaper article: Blunt, Percy D. "Letter to the Editor." The Winter Garden Times, April 1966. Coverage Winter Garden, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Creator Blunt, Percy D. Publisher The Winter Garden Times Date Created 1966-04-01 Date Issued 1966-04 Date Copyrighted 1966-04 Format image/jpg Medium 1 newspaper article Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Percy D. Blunt and published by The Winter Garden Times. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Curator King, Joshua Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.protectingourwater.org/watersheds/map/ocklawaha/" target="_blank">Learn About Your Watershed: Ocklawaha River Watershed</a>." Florida's Water: Ours to Protect, Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Accessed June 12, 2015. http://www.protectingourwater.org/watersheds/map/ocklawaha/. agricultural pollution algae aquatic plants C. Farris Bryant Edward Gurney Florida State Board of Health FSBH Gary Drive George Armistead Smathers George Smathers Lake Apopka Lulu Creek Orange County Board of Health Orange County Commission Percy D. Blunt Spessard Holland sports fishing The Winter Garden Times water quality Winter Garden https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/cf54e641fa0d4b54defe352f173e3897.pdf c11b2eb95128c7178d7e692f93672926 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title World War II Collection Alternative Title WWII Collection Subject World War II, 1939-1945 Veterans--Florida Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/24" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Contributing Project <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a>, UCF Digital Collections, University of Central Florida <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Description Although Japan and China were already engaged war since 1937, September 1, 1939 is generally considered the beginning date of World War II. It was on this day that Adolf Hitler (1889-1945), the Führer of Nazi Germany, invaded Poland, inciting France and the United Kingdom to declare war. Through the course of the war, belligerents were general divided into two groups: the Allied Powers, consisting of the United Kingdom, France, the Soviet Union, China, Poland, Canada, Australia, India, Yugoslavia, Greece, the Netherlands, Belgium, South Africa, New Zealand, Norway, Czechoslovakia, Ethiopia, Brazil, Denmark, Luxembourg, Cuba, Mexico, the Philippines, Mongolia, and Iran; and the Axis Powers, consisting of Germany, Japan, Italy, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria. The United States did not join the Allies until the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. War was waged for several years. On May 8, 1945, Germany surrendered to Soviet and Polish troops in response to the capture of Berlin just a few days earlier, in effect ending the war in Europe. The war in the Pacific theater did not end until Japan surrendered on August 15, 1945, in response to the atomic attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. World War II transformed the globe's geopolitical context. The United Nations (UN) was established and the United States and Soviet Union emerged as opposing superpowers, setting the stage for the 46-year long Cold War. Much of Europe was left in economic collapse and decolonization began in Asia and Africa. Contributor <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/" target="_blank">Special Collections and University Archives</a>, University of Central Florida Libraries, University of Central Florida Source Repository <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a>, UCF Digital Collections, University of Central Florida External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/" target="_blank">About the Project</a>." UCF Community Veterans History Project, RICHES of Central Florida, University of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/. Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51306184" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London: Routledge, 2003. Maddox, Robert James. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/24066126" target="_blank">The United States and World War II</a>. Boulder: Westview Press, 1992. Davies, Norman, and Norman Davies. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/104891528" target="_blank">No Simple Victory: World War II in Europe, 1939-1945</a>. New York: Viking, 2007 Zeiler, Thomas W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51905775" target="_blank">Unconditional Defeat: Japan, America, and the End of World War II</a>. Wilmington, Del: Scholarly Resources, 2004. Ferguson, Niall. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70839824" target="_blank">The War of the World: Twentieth-Century Conflict and the Descent of the West</a>. New York: Penguin Press, 2006. Reynolds, David. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/646790595" target="_blank">From World War to Cold War Churchill, Roosevelt, and the International History of the 1940s</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. Coverage Naval Training Center, Orlando, Florida Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Frank V. Boffi Alternative Title Oral History, Boffi Subject Veterans--Florida World War II Description An oral history interview of Frank V. Boffi (b. 1922), who served in the U.S. Navy from 1942 to 1945 and again from 1948 to 1952. Boffi was born in Cranston, Rhode Island, on May 18, 1922. He served during both World War II and the Korean War, and was stationed on USS Bernadou, USS Hugh W. Hadley, USS Brownsonn, and USS Fiske. Boffi also took part in the Allied Invasion of Sicily, the Battle of Anzio, and the Battle of Okinawa. He received a Purple Heart, among other awards, and achieved the rank of 1st Class Machinist. This interview was conducted by Luis Santana Garcia at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Florida. Topics discussed in the oral history include Boffi's background, his enlistment, fighting in Italy, the construction of the USS Hugh W. Hadley and its subsequent destruction, serving in the Pacific Theater, leaving the Navy, his medals and citations, and the Lone Sailor Memorial Project. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:00:30 Background and family 0:02:00 Entry into service 0:08:30 First days of service 0:12:37 Invading Italy as an American of Italian heritage 0:14:30 Experience during the battles in Italy 0:19:30 USS Hugh W. Hadley construction, training, and the Pacific Theater 0:23:23 Typical day and recreational activities 0:25:30 Life after service 0:27:50 Medals, citations, and values learned 0:29:42 VIDEO SKIPS 0:30:00 Future of the Lone Sailor Memorial Project 0:31:43 Closing remarks Abstract Oral history interview of Frank V. Boffi. Interview conducted by Luis Santana Garcia. Type Moving Image Source Boffi, Frank V. Interviewed by Luis Santana Garcia. Audio/video record available. <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/VET/id/267" target="_blank">Item DP0014888</a>, <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a>, Orlando, Florida. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/95" target="_blank">World War II Collection</a>, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Has Format Boffi, Frank V. Interviewed by Luis Santana Garcia. Audio/video record available. <a href="http://digitalcollections.net.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/VET/id/267" target="_blank">Item DP0014888</a>, <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a>, Orlando, Florida. Digital transcript of original 32-minute and 25-second oral history: Boffi, Frank V. Interviewed by Luis Santana Garcia. Audio/video record available. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a>, Orlando, Florida. Conforms To Standards established by the <a href="http://www.loc.gov/vets/" target="_blank">Veterans History Projects</a>, Library of Congress. Coverage Cranston, Rhode Island Downtown Providence, Rhode Island Newport, Rhode Island Boston, Massachusetts Naval Training Center, Orlando, Florida Sicily, Salerno, Italy Anzio Beach, Italy Oran, Algeria Tinian, Northern Mariana Islands Okinawa, Japan Vatican Necropolis, Vatican, Vatican City Creator Boffi, Frank V. Garcia, Luis Santana Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Barnes, Mark Date Created 2014-02-26 Date Copyrighted 2014-02-26 Format application/website application/pdf Extent 12.1 MB 188 KB Medium 32-minute and 25-second Hi8 CD/DVD 15-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Luis Santana Garcia and Frank V. Boffi and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/veterans/" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/VET" target="_blank">UCF Community Veterans History Project</a>, UCF Digital Collections, University of Central Florida <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference Black, Jeremy. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51306184" target="_blank">World War Two: A Military History</a>. London: Routledge, 2003. Maddox, Robert James. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/24066126" target="_blank">The United States and World War II</a>. Boulder: Westview Press, 1992. Davies, Norman, and Norman Davies. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/104891528" target="_blank">No Simple Victory: World War II in Europe, 1939-1945</a>. New York: Viking, 2007. Zeiler, Thomas W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51905775" target="_blank">Unconditional Defeat: Japan, America, and the End of World War II</a>. Wilmington, Del: Scholarly Resources, 2004. Ferguson, Niall. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70839824" target="_blank">The War of the World: Twentieth-Century Conflict and the Descent of the West</a>. New York: Penguin Press, 2006. Reynolds, David. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/646790595" target="_blank">From World War to Cold War Churchill, Roosevelt, and the International History of the 1940s</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://stars.library.ucf.edu/veteransoralhistories/214/" target="_blank">Boffi, Frank V.</a> Transcript Garcia Today is February 26th, 2014. I am interviewing Frank Boffi, who served in the United States Navy. He served in World War II and ended with a rank of Machinist MAT 1st class. With me is Mark... Barnes Mark Barnes. Garcia Mark Barnes. We are interviewing Mr. Boffi as part of the University of Central Florida Community Veterans History Project and as research for the creation of a Lone Sailor Memorial Project. We are recording this interview at UCF in Orlando, Florida. Mr. Boffi, will you please start by—start us off by telling us when and where you were born? Boffi Cranston, Rhode Island, which is about nine miles north of, uh Downtown Providence[, Rhode Island]. I was born May 18th, 1922, and I’m the, uh, youngest of seven boys. We were a family of 10 children. Raised during the Great Depression which is—was hell on life—on Earth, really. So we had to get adjusted to that— not having anything. I’ve been lecturing five high schools here locally about World War II and the kids don’t believe that, during the Depression, we had no allowance, we had nothing, and, uh—but anyway, I survived the Depression. I survived three battles in the Pacif—the, uh, Mediterranean [Sea], and the one battle in the Pacific [Theater]. So I consider myself a survivor. Garcia What did your parents do for a living? Boffi They were, uh, country folks. My dad worked—was a laborer, because in Italy they lived out on farms, and came over here had really no skills. and, um, he worked for—under the WPA systems, which was the Works Progress Administration—back in the [19]30s, uh, one of the programs set by President [Franklin Delano] Roosevelt. So he was just a, uh, shovel—a reg[?] guy. He was working on the roads and the parks and stuff that the city was rocking[?] for him. That sort of thing. Garcia And when did you, uh, enter the Navy? Boffi I, uh, entered—first of all, I think it’s important to hear that we<a title="">[1]</a> got engaged December 6th, 1941, which was the night before the Pearl Harbor attack. And, um, it’s so strange: these high schools that I’ve been lecturing—that’s the one thing those kids remember when I go back the next year after that. Yeah. I ask what they remember about World War II and they all say the same thing, “You and your wife got engaged the night before Pearl Harbor.” We got—I got married at, uh, 20 years old—August 1st, 1942. And on September 15th, 1942, I went down and enlisted in the Navy, because I did not want to be drafted into the Army. I was told that the Navy, you had three square a day and clean bedding, as long as you washed it. But the Army guys had to sleep in mud and foxholes and I didn’t want that kind of stuff. But, um, yeah. We were—I—my wife and I were married 71 years this past August 1st, and then she died October 7th, [inaudible] 2014. But, uh, it was a tough life, but we hacked it through[?]. It was just two young kids. She was 22 and I was 20, but we made it and it was a real sacrifice. We only had the one son who has—now has two children and six great, uh—six grandchildren. I have six great-grandchildren. My son is a graduate of the University of Nebraska, where he has a master’s [degree] out of the university. Um, He started in engineering, but he changed it over to psychology. And I asked him why he changed his major[?] over the subject—his degree in, and he said one of his friends dove out of the six—I think he said it was a six-story window. And He was on LSD [lysergic acid diethylamide] and he just dove out the window. And that was when my son decided to change his career and help the kids that were—that were on drugs. He was—he wound up being an administrator of six counties in east Nebraska—in charge of the drug program. But Now he’s a—he was a regional manager for Xerox [Corporation], and they moved him to Washington, D.C. area. And now he’s, uh—has his own business—he and his wife—as general resources. Um, he’s chief operating officer for AmeriCom. It’s a company that deals with the government, and their biggest account is the Air Force. And he is in, uh, San Antonio[, Texas] about every four or five weeks, because we have bases there. What else you want? Garcia Now, uh, you said you were—got engaged the day before Pearl Harbor. What was your reaction to the attack on Pearl Harbor? Boffi It was kind of a shock, but We, uh, I think we were prepared for it. The—the way things were going, we knew that some war was going to come out of it. It was so strange: in Downtown Providence—I’m not sure if you’re familiar with it—they had docks there. And, uh, my buddy and I—we used to go down there. we used to walk to Providence maybe two days a week, and there were all these old rust buckets loading up with all the, um, scrap iron, and we sold millions and millions of tons of scrap iron to Japan. And then—then four or five months, the war broke out, they were firing it right back at us. Garcia Why did you join the Navy? Boffi Like I told you, I didn’t like—I didn’t like being in a foxhole, and I didn’t want to join the Army. I had one brother in the Army and two—the one in the Navy, he joined long after I did. But, uh, my other two brothers were [Boeing] B17 [Flying Fortress] bombers. And, uh, I—I just liked the water. I thought I would be better off in the Navy. Might as well do something I like, than[?] rather[?]—I had to go no matter what. I didn’t want to be drafted in the Army. Garcia Where did you attend boot camp? Boffi I, uh, went to boot camp in Newport, Rhode Island. I reported there October 15th, 1942 and got in out March 1943. And they sent me to [inaudible] Institute in Boston[, Massachusetts], which is an engineering school. And I came out of there with a, uh—with a second class machinist MAT training. It was so strange that, in those days, uh—that—that the commander of the school posted a notice one day saying anybody in the top five percentile for academics would be allowed the privilege of applying for Officer’s[sic] Candidate School. So I applied for it, and that’s all it says. And I walked up, and commander Cavinar[sp] was sitting at his desk, and I came in the door about that distance away, and he kind of looked up and says, “Frank, you don’t qualify.” I said, “But I’m in the top three percentile academically.” He said, “Yeah. Academically you can qualify, but you’re married.” They would not give you a rate[?] then—a commission [inaudible]. You had to be married first though—no. You—you couldn’t get married until after you got your commission. that’s what it was. So they refused to give me a commission. And, uh, then later on when I worked[?] the ship got sunk, I was supposed to make chief June 1st, 1945. And we got sunk on the 11th of May of 1945. That’s when I wound up in a hospital bed for the next four and a half months. So they wouldn’t give me the chief’s rating, because you had to be with an active unit. Now, today even, if you lost both legs, you’re still in the military, you get your rating or whatever. So, um, when they held its 90th birthday, the chiefs down here at NAWC [Naval Air Warfare Center] made me an honorary, um, chief with them. So I have a [U.S.] DOD [Department of Defense] certificate stating that I’m part of the chiefs’ at NAWCTSD in Orlando. They—they kind of glorified it and they gave me the rate. I asked them about it—OCS [Officer Candidate School] now, but they wouldn’t allow me [clears throat]. Garcia What was, uh, your first days of your service like? Boffi Pardon? Garcia What was the first day of your service like? First days. Boffi Well, the—the first couple of days were interesting, because we had some boys from the Midwest area[?] they were Arkansans. We had to sleep on hammocks. In those days, in boot camp. And the hammock was strung up to the ceiling and you had what you called the” jack stand.” That’s a bar, and you would jump up and grab it and you’d pull your body up. And if you knew how to do it, you would open your hammock line with one leg and then pop your butt in and then—otherwise, you would just roll off the other side. and that’s what was happening to this one boy from Arkansas. He couldn’t—he’d get in one side and roll out the other one. He couldn’t get himself—so one night, the chief told a couple of us to “Go help that kid get in that hammock.” And, Uh, We raised the sides up, but in the morning he tried to get out and he’d fall out all the time. He was a character. He never did adjust to a hammock. We kept our hammocks as part of our sea bag. And I’ve used it two or three times at sea out here in the Atlantic [Ocean]. When we had a hurricane or real bad weather, the ship would go rocking and rolling too much. My buddy and I would go out and string up our hammock underneath the gun tug, where it would be dry, and sleep in the hammocks. We just—like a baby rocking in a crib. But, um, yeah. The first ship was on was a 1918—it was commissioned in 1918—a World War I destroyer. It was an old four stacker, and we called them “rust buckets.” But Then [clears throat]—and we made the three invasions of, um, [inaudible] Sicily, Salerno, Italy, and, um—what was the last one? One of the—one—I forget the name of that one. Oh, [inaudible]. My memory is failing me, but we made the two—three invasions in Sa—Sicily, Anzio Beach, Salerno—Anzio Beach. That’s what it is. Anzio Beach, Salerno, and, um, you know, Sicily. We operated out of Oran[, Algeria], North Africa. That was kind of a[sic], uh, interesting—now that we have so much Muslim, uh, religion spreading out all over the world. There was a place in Oran that was called Medina. It was a, uh, sacred city with great big columns and you were not allowed in there unless you were a, um, Muslim religion[sic]. And my buddy and I didn’t believe it, so we started in there one day, and we get about three feet through the gates, all these Arabs started getting up from sitting on the sidewalk. And, um, we were lucky. I think I—I’m alive today, because the shore patrol was right there. They drive their Jeep in about three feet into the Medina, and told us to get in and they brought us back [inaudible]. And they told us that one of my friends, uh, Bill Suey[sp], came from Cranston, Rhode Island—.he and I went through school together. He went through Medina one night and came back in just his underwear—just his skivvies. He was lucky he got his life, but they took everything he had—his uniform, cigarettes, and—and they stripped him. They didn’t want us there. Basically, that’s what it was. We were invading their country and—and they—they didn’t realize that we were there protecting them from the Germans. I mean, they were losing their country to the Germans till we got there. And, um, so we saved them, but they’re still Muslim and that scares me till today—what’s happening in some of these cities. [clears throat] It’s a damn shame that we have to go through stuff, but I see it happening right now. Garcia Now, uh, as an Italian [American], how did it feel invading Italy? Boffi How did I feel being in Italy? Garcia Yeah. Boffi It was, uh, a good feeling. Because I was—my mom and my eldest brother came over in 1904. And this was 19—well, I didn’t get there until during the war, but I stayed in the Navy and I went back in 1950 with the ship I was on. And I got to meet my, uh, dad’s two brothers, and my cousins, and my mom’s half-sister. And her—this one half-sister has three—three daughters. And they came to my uncle’s house and the eldest—eldest daughter was, um, just—just under 18. She was a senior in—in high school—equivalent to our schedule setup. And, um, she was so excited that I was talking to an Italian in English and all that. And she kept patting my knee, and the moms kept telling them, “Don’t touch him. he’s an American sailor.” She said, “But he’s my cousin.” She said, “I don’t care if he’s your brother. Don’t lo—don’t touch him. He’s an American sailor.” But that was the kind of reputation we had all over the world. The—the sailors were people [coughs] [clears throat]. And I had one other cousin, who had a close friend of his who was a [Papal] Swiss Guard in the Vatican. So I got to, uh, go places in the Vatican that the general public had never been to. And we got way down deep into the catacombs,<a title="">[2]</a> where they used to bury all the priests and the bishops and whatever. There—it was kind of an eerie feeling being down there with all these caskets on both sides. And these guys didn’t realize that they’ve been buried there for a hundred years or longer. That was something that the general public never saw, but I got to see it because of my cousin’s—Tom’s—friend was a Swiss Guard. He allowed me to go down there [clears throat]. Garcia Now what—what was… Boffi [clears throat]. Garcia What your experience during the actual battles? Boffi What was what? Garcia What your experience during the actual battles themselves? Boffi Well, um, uh, the, uh—at the Anzio Beach location, I was on deck and that was a, uh, a 50 millimeter—50 caliber machine gun. And that really was the only action I’ve ever—I’ve ever seen. Because, um, normally, I would be engine room. You would not see any action. And, uh, It’s so strange that now I—you know, there were three destroyers in our squadron. We were all—we were all World War I destroyers. And they, uh, used us as decoys. The American government had no, um, um, information as to where the gun emplacements were. So they—the three destroyers were supposed to go in, approach the beach with all their lights out [inaudible]. And at midnight, put on our search light. We had a great big, regular search light they use at airports. And, uh, there was total darkness. I couldn’t see you guys as dark as it was. And all of a sudden, at midnight, when we put our search lights on, all hell—the beach just broke all out, and I jumped. And I found out later that that was a trigger, because I was subject to that for a long, long time. I mean, if we walked—if I walked in this room and someone tried to put the—somebody put the light on, I would react to it. And Now I—I found out that eventually, training with the VA [Veterans Administration] and, um—my son, um, met the woman who was the CO of the Purple Heart Association.<a title="">[3]</a> And she sent me a book, and then I read that—Tears of a Warrior[: A Family's Story of Combat and Living with PTSD] it’s called. I found out that that was only a “trigger,” that they called them. And so I finally got myself to overcome that, and it doesn’t bother me anymore now, but Going into this totally dark room and somebody put the light on. But—and I do it every night when I go home. It’s be totally dark in the house and I flip my own light on, but I don’t react to it anymore like I used to. ‘Cause I suddenly realized that it was just something that was back here and I had to weed it out of my system. But, uh, normally, I saw no action on my—the—on the [USS Hugh W.] Hadley. I didn’t see any action, until we got, uh, blown out of the engine room—came topside. And to this day, I don’t remember seeing any action then. And I found out from Captain [Doug] Aiken, who’s retired—he was a lieutenant on the Hadley. I asked him how long we were—were in the water, and he said about two and a half hours before we were picked up. And I’ve got—if you want me to email you, I’ve got the picture of that, uh—the ship picking up the survivors and I’ve got the DVD that I can send you and incorporate it with part[?] of yours. It shows a Kamikaze hitting the water and showed the—the bomb going off—something like that. I can get you a copy of those if you—if you wish. They’re not copyrighted at all, so you’re welcome to do with it what—whatever you want with ‘em [clears throat]. Garcia And so you—you said you were—you were sent in as a decoy. Once—once, like, you complete your mission, did they figure out where the emplacements were and then did you guys leave after that? Boffi Well, we didn’t really leave the battle area. We went out on, uh, screening. They called it “screening.” You had two or three destroyers. Well, that day, there were like 15 destroyers out there. And just—you stayed off the beach about three or four miles and tried to shoot down the planes that were coming in to attack our troops. And they were coming in to hit our supply ships [inaudible]. So we were on—on the screening most of the time, at the—Of course, I wasn’t there, but the ship was. I was in the hospital. That was—let’s see—May, June—two and a half months in the, uh, ten city hospital. We called it “ten city” in Tinian Island, which is part of the Marianas.<a title="">[4]</a> And, uh, In July of ’45, they sent me to a naval receiving hospital in San Francisco, California. stayed there a couple of weeks, and from there, they sent me to a psychiatric hospital up in Coeur d’Alene, Idaho, because I was getting a severe—I mean, real bad headaches. It was the back of my head and they thought I was going crazy, I guess. It was just blast concussion. It finally settled down. And after about six—I think six or eight weeks in Coeur d’Alene, I was transferred on down to Sun Valley, Idaho, in which there was a naval recuperation hospital. And then, in October of ’45, they transferred me to Fort Lewis, Washington. And, um, from there, to Boston to be discharged in November of 1945 [clears throat]. Garcia Alright. And, um,what—when, uh—you said that you were on, um—what was the name of the first ship you were on? Boffi The USS Bernadou, B-E-R-N-A-D-O-U. Garcia And, um, how did you, like—and then you transferred to the Hadley? Boffi No. They sent me to school for—the Hadley was so called “new construction.” It was a, uh, bigger class destroyer, and it was higher pressure. We operated at 600 pounds of pressure steam on the Hadley, and the Bernadou was only 250. So I went to North Virginia to school for 12 weeks. And then I went out to, um, San Pedro, California, and I was part of the 14 people that was the skeleton crew to watch the ship being built. That was quite interesting. And, you know, we saw them lay the keel hull in the dry dock. And we—we had to be in the dry dock every morning at eight o’ clock. That’s where they held quarters. And we literally watched the ship being built. Every—every bit of welding they did, we were there. There were 14 of us: one officer, and, uh, I think two chiefs, myself, another 1st class in engineering, and there, um—some other guys from other rates I don’t know—the yeoman[?] and [inaudible]. But, um—so I was on it when it went into the water in October of 1945—I mean ’44 — and we were sunk May of 1945. so it didn’t last very long. Garcia That was… Boffi [clears throat]. Garcia That was during the Invasion of Okinawa[, Japan]?<a title="">[5]</a> Boffi Yes. Garcia And what—what was your experience in that battle? Boffi My experience? Well, I didn’t see any action, because I was down in the engine room all the time. Garcia When you were in the engine room, what—like, what was your job, per se? Boffi Well, to keep the ship moving. We had to keep the engines running, and, um— because if you lose your engines, then you are a dead, still target. Then they just blow you out of the water. So, uh—as a matter of fact, Marc [Ennis] is in simulation, and we had no simulators in those days. And I was—I had my pump man and my messenger blindfolded when they were on the lower level, where all the pumps are. And they had the second level was the operating deck—the control deck. And I had them blindfolded, and the Chief Engineer comes down and he says, “Boffi, we don’t have any time for this blind man’s bluff games and stuff like that.” I said, “We’re not playing games, sir. I’m teaching these guys to know the engine room blindfolded.” That’s the first thing you lose on any situation is power. I mean, right now, if the power went off, we would be in a darkened room. So I said,” I’m trying teach them how to get out of there—this engine room.” And to this day, I think we all come[?]—[Don] Hackler, my master, was the last one to leave the engine room. We seemed to think he slipped down the ladder. he didn’t make it. Speedo, my bunkman, and myself got out. And that was the— Speedo got out first, and then I was second, and Hackler was—and he was only 17 years old. He had been in the Navy like 81 days. At the end of the war, they were taking real young kids in, with hardly any training at all. And, uh, Don Hackler—I think it was his name—and he was the only one that didn’t survive the—in that engine room. We lost, uh, everybody in the forward fire room, plus there were other people on deck. I think there were about 18 casualties that—fatalities that morning of the attack [clears throat]. Garcia Uh,Going back a little bit, what—what was… Boffi [coughs]. Garcia Saily life like on the Navy vessel? Boffi A normal day? Garcia Mmhmm. Boffi Normally, you get up at about five—normally, you get up about 5:30 for regular crew. But in engineering, you’re—you’re on four hours and off eight. So we would be getting up at like 3:15 in the morning for the four to eight watch. And, uh, for the midnight watch, you got on—you had to be up by quarter to 12, and that ran to—to quarter to four, and that ran to quarter to eight. And, um, once you got in the engine room though, there was no—I didn’t do much. I just sat there, che—checked the other guys, and did some checking of equipment, and stuff like that. But—mostly management. I didn’t really do anything. There was nothing you could do. Just be ready to—if you did take a hit, be ready, you know, do—to you could react. Do what you had to do. Garcia And you told us about… Boffi [coughs]. Garcia Some of the, uh, recreational things you did while you were in Italy and Africa. Were there anything in the Pacific—any areas In the Pacific that you got to experience in the Pacific? Boffi No. I never got off the ship. We never had any liberty and such. So I know noth—nothing about the Pacific Ocean, other—other than being aboard a ship. We did hit Pearl Harbor[, Hawaii] before—on the way up there—that area. We had about three days in Pearl Harbor. and that was my only experience in Hawaii for a long time. But, uh, you know, you pull into a Navy base and you really have nothing to do. most of them are kind of isolated away from the normal public. We didn’t have the, uh—the glory of—the liberty, so to speak. We got four hours off. Didn’t have enough time to run into town, grab a couple of beers, hopefully get lucky and get a woman, and back to the ship [laughs]. Garcia [laughs]. And, um… Boffi [coughs]. Garcia What—What was it like when you left the Navy—like, coming home? Boffi Well, I—I went to work for the power company. I—I wanted to—see, I used to work in jewelry—jewelry manufacturing, when I was in high school. After I got out of high school, and I told my wife—said, “I’m—I’m going to go into something that was going to be a career, like…” So I—I went to the power company, and after I got into trouble with that union, they run me off. So I got an insurance job as an engineer. And I inspected elevators and boilers, held safety meetings. Then I, um—April 1st, 1970, when the OSHA [Occupational Safety and Health Act] law came into being, it was signed by the President<a title="">[6]</a> as the—a law of the land. And I went to, uh, what is now the University of Southern Florida<a title="">[7]</a> and took a two day exam—two eight hour exams—for, uh, my—they call it Certi—CSP—Certified Safety Professional. And, um, I passed that, so they gave me the designation. That’s what I was when I retired—a Certified Safety Professional. When I was, uh, working for the insurance company, I—I did the service for a lot of power utilities and inspected elevators in a lot of buildings. My territory included Puerto Rico, the [U.S.] Virgin Islands, and [the] Bahamas. It was a tough territory to—to take care of. And, Uh, Every other month, my wife would go with me and go on the beach, where we would get the hotel in San Juan[, Puerto Rico]. I’d go do my job, and then we would fly over to Saint Thomas[, U.S. Virgin Islands] and Saint Croix[, U.S. Virgin Islands]. I—I really enjoyed it. I—I—I did 50 years in the insurance industry. The, um—I retired March 1st of ’84, and then I re—they called me back. And then I retired again in—in 2001, I think it was. In 2006, they forced me to retire. They said I was too old at 84 years old to be inspecting boilers and elevators and all that kind of stuff, so I finally decided [inaudible]. Garcia And, Um, Were you awarded any medals or citations? [inaudible]… Boffi I have a Purple Heart for my injuries, and I’ve got, uh, three battle stars for the Mediterranean, three warzones, and three battles. And I’ve got, um, one battle for the, uh, Pacific. Other than that, uh, no high rating. Um, medals or anything. Garcia Um,What values or characteristics of the Navy do you believe made an impression on—on your life? Boffi I think the camaraderie. There’s something about the Navy that the Army and the Marines never had. Uh, Like Mark, anybody would do anything for anyone else, if they were Navy. And I’m not sure that was true in the Army or the Marine Corps. My son became a Marine. He was in, uh, six years during the Vietnam [War] era. And, uh, I didn’t notice the camaraderie with them as I did in the Navy. And to this day, like I said, I go to NAWC every single day. They say I’m there more than people who get paid to be there. They don’t even show up and I’m there every morning. Garcia And What was the most valuable lesson that you learned during your time? Boffi I’m sorry? Garcia What was the most valuable lesson you learned during your time in the Navy? Boffi Well, I think that you treat everybody that you would want to be treated, for one thing. The only thing that used to really bother me and still does to this day is these ethnic groups that come [inaudible]—the— immigrants—they come over here and they want us to change to be whatever they are, you know? The Hispanics or Chinese or—I mean, when you come over here, be an American. I can still hear my dad when I was a youngster, he kept saying this great… Boffi And he, uh—to this day, I have arguments with some of these people. I am not an Italian. I’m of Italian heritage, but I was born in this country and I’m an American. I fought in several wars—battles—for the Americans. And I’d—I’d do it again if I had to, if that were necessary [clears throat]. Garcia And What do you think former Navy personnel would like to see or be reminded of when they visit—revisit the site of the base<a title="">[8]</a> and the Lone Sailor Project Memorial? Boffi What do I think of the—I think it’s going to bring back a lot of memories of a lot of people. I—I just—befriended—well, ,I’ve been friends with him for about a year and a half at the Moose Club. I didn’t know he was a photographer in the Army. And then, when he go out of the Army, he took all the photographs to the Navy base, where Mark graduated from, and he took all the shots over the Cape [Canaveral]. He went for the Cape. So, uh, that was kind of interesting. He’s telling—he was telling Mark and myself about, um, incidents that had happened there before. And, uh, he’s going to be one of our guests at the next Navy League luncheon, I think. He can tell us some of the things that are interesting. Me[sic] and Mark were talking about those days. I had no idea that there was a boot camp here. I lived up in, um, Miami since ’66, and never had an idea that there was a boot camp in Florida. So That was kind of a shock to me that I got up here and found out there was a boot camp there. I probably would have come up every weekend and go there and visit. I—I would have befriended—I would have taken the, uh, transfer—my company travels insurance wanted transferred me up here in, uh, ’69, I think it was. and I refused it. I wanted to stay around the Miami area, but, uh, if I would have known there was a boot camp up there in the Navy, um, influence, I think I would have—would have transferred. Garcia Is there anything else you would like to share about your Navy experience? Boffi It’s really helped me a lot, both psychologically and physically. I see they treat people here at NAWC. They really respect me. They show me a lot of respect. They all treat me as though I’m family. Officers, business people, and whatever. I’m just part of their big family and I enjoy it. That’s why I go every day. Garcia Thank you, Mr. Boffi. Boffi Thank you very much, and good luck in your ventures. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Boffi and his wife. </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> Vatican Necropolis. </div> <div> <a title="">[3]</a> Correction: Purple Heart Foundation. </div> <div> <a title="">[4]</a> Northern Mariana Islands. </div> <div> <a title="">[5]</a> Battle of Okinawa, codenamed Operation Iceberg. </div> <div> <a title="">[6]</a> Richard Milhous Nixon. </div> <div> <a title="">[7]</a> Correction: University of South Florida. </div> <div> <a title="">[8]</a> Naval Training Center (NTC) Orlando. </div> </div> Allied Invasion of Sicily Anzio Beach, Italy Arabs Attack of Pearl Harbor Battle of Anzio Battle of Okinawa battle stars Bill Suey boot camps Boston, Massachusetts camaraderie catacombs Cavinar Certified Safety Professional Coeur d'Alene, Idaho construction Cranston, Rhode Island CSP decoys destroyers Don Hackler Doug Aiken drafts engineering engineers FDR Fort Lewis Frank V. Boffi Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Rooosevelt Frontline of Anzio and Nettuno Great Depression hammocks health care hospitals immigrants immigration insurance Islam Italian Americans Italian Campaign Italy jack stands Kamikazes Lone Sailor Memorial Project Luis Santana Garcia machinists Marc Ennis Mark Barnes Mediterranean Seas mental health Moose Club Muslims Naval Air Warfare Center Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division Naval Training Center Orlando Navy League NAWC NAWCTSD New Deal Newport, Rhode Island North Africa NTC Orlando Occupational Safety and Health Act OCS Officer Candidate School Okinawa, Japan Operation Husky Operation Iceberg Operation Shingle Oran, Algeria orlando OSHA Pacific Theater Purple Heart Foundation Purple Hearts retirement San Francisco, California San Pedro, California screening skeleton crews Speedo Sun Valley, Idaho Tears of a Warrior: A Family's Story of Combat and Living with PTSD Tinian, Northern Mariana Islands training Trigger U.S. Navy UCF UCF Community Veterans History Project UCF CVHP University of Central Florida University of South Florida USF USS Bernadou USS Brownson USS Fiske USS Hugh W. Hadley VA Vatican Vatican City Vatican Necropolis veterans Veterans Administration wars Works Progress Administration World War II WPA WWII https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a56539ee447e5f4bfb635bd40b122923.pdf a3e637dfb3cb89733bb47bbfc5791d7f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Original Format 1 video podcast Duration 20 minutes and 50seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 69kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 3: Serving the Community: The New Deal Post Office of Cocoa Florida Alternative Title Cocoa New Deal Post Office Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Cocoa (Fla.) Post offices New Deal, 1933-1939--Florida Description Episode 3 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Serving the Community: The New Deal Post Office of Cocoa Florida. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. In Episode 3, Heather Bollinger interviews Dr. Connie L. Lester of the University of Central Florida, Dr. Alan Bliss of Valdosta State University, and Dr. Nick Wynne of the Florida Historical Society about the history of the former Federal Post Office building constructed on Brevard Avenue in Cocoa, Florida. As of 2013, the building operates as the Florida Historical Society's headquarters. Abstract Heather Bollinger interviews Drs. Connie L. Lester, Alan Bliss, and Nick Wynne about the former federal post office building in the city of Cocoa, FL (now the headquarters of the Florida Historical Society) Type Moving Image Source Original 25-minute and 50-second podcast by Heather Bollinger, March 1, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 3: Serving the Community: The New Deal Post Office of Cocoa Florida." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Post Office, Cocoa, Florida Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida Creator Bollinger, Heather Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Lester, Connie L. Bliss, Alan Wynne, Nick Cassanello, Robert Date Created ca. 2011-03-01 Format video/mp4 application/pdf Extent 19.6 MB 157 KB Medium 23-minute and 50-second podcast 11-page typed transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Humanities Teacher Visual Arts Teacher Provenance Originally created by Heather Bollinger and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> External Reference "<a href="http://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/Browse/ucf.edu.2577623765.02577623773.6997974713?i=1630384584" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 3: The Cocoa New Deal Post Office</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://deimos.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/Browse/ucf.edu.2577623765.02577623773.6997974713?i=1630384584. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Bradbury, Alford G., and E. Story Hallock. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1579096" target="_blank">A Chronology of Florida Post Offices</a>. 1962. Cutler, Phoebe. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/11916818" target="_blank">The Public Landscape of the New Deal</a>. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985. "<a href="http://myfloridahistory.org/society" target="_blank">The Society: Brief History</a>." Florida Historical Society. http://myfloridahistory.org/society. Esperdy, Gabrielle M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/648759788" target="_blank">Modernizing Main Street Architecture and Consumer Culture in the New Deal</a>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008. http://public.eblib.com/EBLPublic/PublicView.do?ptiID=557563. Gallagher, John S. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39109248" target="_blank">Florida Post Offices</a>. Lake Grove, OR: The Depot, 1997. Helbock, Richard W. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44730390" target="_blank">A Checklist of Florida Post Offices, 1821-1995</a>. Lake Oswego, OR: La Posta, 1995. Table Of Contents 0:00:00 Introduction 0:02:10 The Great Depression and the New Deal 0:03:05 New Deal public works projects 0:04:14 Impact of the New Deal on Cocoa 0:05:42 Funding for construction and architectural style 0:07:17 Impact of the New Deal on Cocoa 0:08:42 Public and political support for New Deal projects 0:09:58 Economic impact of using local labor for construction 0:13:40 New Deal architecture 0:16:02 Adapting the building for the Florida Historical Society 0:20:06 Conclusion Date Copyrighted 2011-03-01 Date Issued 2011-03-01 Has Format Digital typed transcript of original 25-minute and 50-second podcast by Heather Bollinger, March 1, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 3: Serving the Community: The New Deal Post Office of Cocoa Florida." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Transcript Cassanello I’m Robert [A.] Cassanello, assistant professor of history at the University of Central Florida, and you’re listening to the RICHES Documentary Podcast. Welcome to the RICHES documentary podcast. RICHES, the regional initiative for collecting the histories, experiences, and stories of Central Florida, is an umbrella program housing interdisciplinary public history projects that bring together different departments at the University of Central Florida with profit and nonprofit sectors of the community in order to promote the collection and preservation of the region’s history. By facilitating research that records and presents the stories of communities, businesses, and institutions in Central Florida, RICHES seeks to provide the region with a deeper sense of its heritage. This series will feature a podcast every two weeks, in the middle and at the end of each month, that will explore various aspects of Central Florida history. In today’s episode, Serving the Community: The New Deal Post Office of Cocoa Florida, Heather Bollinger examines the history of the iconic building, now home to the Florida Historical Society. Bollinger Hi. My name is Heather Bollinger. In this podcast, I explore the history of a former New Deal post office building in the City of Cocoa, Florida. Now the headquarters of the Florida Historical Society, the former post office served the community of Cocoa for 25 years, and brought a much needed economic boost to the city. From its earliest incarnation as a post office, the building has continued to adapt to the needs of a changing society, and has had lasting value for the City of Cocoa. This podcast will explore the factors behind the building’s construction, the impact of that construction on the local economy, and how the building continues to serve the community of Cocoa. At the end of the 1930s, the United States was struggling to come out of the Great Depression, the worst economic disaster to ever strike the country. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s administration developed the New Deal Economic Relief Program as a response to the Great Depression. The New Deal was designed to bring America out of the economic tailspin of the early 1930s and to prevent such a disaster from happening again. As part of the New Deal, designated funds would put people back to work, and restore confidence in the American economy. This involved the construction of many public works projects that would employ local citizens. Dr. Connie [L.] Lester, from the University of Central Florida, explains the goals of New Deal public works projects. Lester Well, first of all, the government wanted to get Americans back to work. The unemployment rate in the Great Depression was around 25 percent. And in the South, that meant focusing attention on small towns, because although Florida had a number of urban areas at this point, um, still most Americans—most Floridians— were still living in small towns. So in order to get Americans back to work, you couldn’t just focus on the cities, you had to focus on the country-side, as well. And those projects were really important in getting, uh, people back to work. They built roads. They built bridges. They built schools and post offices. And in some places, they built airports. And those were ways to attract new investors. In fact, those small towns frequently pointed to, uh, their new post office, or their new school, or their roads, as evidence that they were modern and progressive. So that when they promoted their town looking for, uh, industrial investment, these projects became one of the centerpieces of their promotional literature. Bollinger The passing of New Deal legislation had an important impact on small cities, such as Cocoa, Florida. A riverside city along Florida’s Atlantic coast, the City of Cocoa was founded around 1860 by fishermen and their families. Once a small town on the banks of the Indian River, by the 1930s, the City of Cocoa boasted a theater, a hardware store, a Masonic temple, department stores, and citrus growing facilities. What it lacked however, was an official government post office. The mail services had been housed in private residences and commercial businesses over the course of the town’s history, but the post office never had a permanent home in the City of Cocoa. However, the New Deal would change that. In July 1938, the [U.S.] Post Office Department and the [U.S.] Treasury Department, as part of New Deal legislation, appropriated $70,000 for the construction of a Federal Post Office building in the City of Cocoa. Dr. Alan Bliss of Valdosta State University explains how funding for the construction of post offices was implemented in places like Cocoa and what the government envisioned the post offices would stand for in the community. Bliss Well, the post offices came out of the Office of the Supervising Architect, which is part of the Federal Government that no longer exists. Uh, now we have the General Services Administration, which is sort of the landlord for all Federal buildings. Right really from about the time of the Civil War until 1939, the Treasury Department hosted a[sic] Office of the Supervising Architect, And that office was responsible for the planning and design of federal[?] buildings in the capitol in Washington, D.C., and wherever else the Federal Government did business. Each supervising architect was an individual appointed to that position, but a [U.S.] Secretary of the Treasury tended to sort of leave his, uh, imprint on the architectural style of the period, but of course, these people were products of their culture and their environment and their education. So you see Federal construction sort of reflecting the popular styles of the period whenever this development was going on. At the time that the Cocoa post office was constructed, um, as the cornerstone indicates, the supervising architect was a man named Louis [A.] Simon, he was an MIT [Massachusetts Institute of Technology] educated architect. Uh, he held that job, really through most of the 1930s in the Treasury Department. And in the case of post offices, like the Cocoa post office, there did tend to be sort of, uh, a governing philosophy, which was that the government should tend to favor architecture that was efficient and that reflected public purpose of the postal service. Bollinger The news that funding had been secured for a post office was welcomed by the residents of Cocoa. In The Cocoa Tribune of July 2nd, 1938, the newspaper stated that “news of the funding for the post office is that biggest that has hit Cocoa in many a year.” And that the news should be “cause for great jubilation in our little city. “The community of Cocoa attributed the successful appropriation of funding to Congressman Joseph [Edward] Hendricks, who, according to The Cocoa Tribune, had submitted the need for a post office for Cocoa to the government with the resulting appropriation. The newspaper praised Congressman Hendricks for his hard work and urged its readers to do the same. At the cornerstone-laying ceremony on December 15, 1939, Congressman Hendricks was invited to make the principal address with all the fanfare of the Cocoa High School band and a parade down the main thoroughfare of the city, Brevard Avenue. Over one thousand people attended the cornerstone-laying ceremony. Dr. Connie Lester explains how citizens receive the news that their towns had been selected for funding and why many politicians associated themselves with the construction of New Deal projects. Lester Most towns were very excited about it. When announcements were made about public works projects, um, they could be made in a variety of ways. Usually, the local politicians are gonna get involved. The newspaper’s gonna have—make a big splash about it. Um, sometimes you get—depending on the project and if it’s big enough—you would get a state legislators who—who would come, or even congressmen and senators who come. Because when something is going good like that, of course every politician wants to be in on it, and have people remember that they were there and that somehow they were responsible for it. So you always had, uh, a quite a bit of excitement about people coming to see the project get started and—and then when it’s finished, to see the end of it. On occasion, there were some projects that were so big like the TVA [Tennessee Valley Authority], for instance, um, that you would even of get, uh, visits from the President, who would come and open the project, or come up during some of the process of the project, to see how it was going. So, you know, people were really excited about these and I think it’s hard for us to conceptualize now how important this could be to a small town and to the—the people who hadn’t had much for a long time. Bollinger The impact of funding for the post office was felt on Cocoa’s local economy. The land selected for the site of the post office was sold by the City of Cocoa to the Federal Government for $3,500, which was financially beneficial to the city. Though the project’s contractor, the J. M. Ramon Construction Company, was based out of Jacksonville, local labor was used in the construction of the building. Construction commenced in October of 1939, and was completed in April of 1940. Dr. Connie Lester and Dr. Alan Bliss explain how vital the use of local labor became in the construction of New Deal buildings, and the impact of that labor usage on the economy in places like Cocoa. Lester Well, most of these small towns—people have very little money. I have a friend, who often says that in—in small towns everybody washed everyone else’s laundry. And what that meant was, they just went to each other's stores. They traded with one another. They bought, uh, and sold to one another. There was very little money in circulation in those small towns. What the government did by launching these projects is actually pay people in cash money, and that cash money became very important. But when you think about something like building a post office, like the one in Cocoa, uh, what you see is that you’re putting carpenters to work, and electricians, and masons, people who mix concrete, and truck drivers to move the materials there, heavy equipment operators to prepare the—the land in the first place. And all of them get paid, and they all get paid in cash money. And then that encourages other employment. Grocery stores do a better business. Department stores, furniture stores—so there’s all of those sorts of things. The point really was to get everyone back up and—and moving again. If they have money to spend and the demand increases for various kinds of consumer goods, then other people in the cities will go back to work. And so getting those small towns up and going was really, uh, really, very important, and had a huge impact on the local economy. Bliss These things really, uh, had a tremendous amount of resonance in the local economy. Well, there was the acquisition of the real estate for the property in the first place. And then local contractors were hired to actually effect[?] the construction. Those contractors hired their laborers. Uh, they also contracted with local vendors for building supplies and they contracted with subcontractors, um, for the specialized skills that wind up at a building just like that. Electricians, plumbers, tile setters, glaziers—who did the window work—roofers, uh, all of those things are specialties. They are construction traits. They tended to be done by people who are skilled in that enterprise. So the opportunity to work on a project, like a Federal post office was, uh, just about a God-send to people, contractors, laborers, skilled craftsmen, the contractors that supplied them. And then let’s not forget about the local building supply companies. Um, those tended to be highly localized—locally owned businesses. Lumber companies, uh, concrete supply companies, pipe suppliers, uh, all of these things tended to come from building supply businesses. Hardware suppliers and that sort of thing in the local area where buildings were under construction. You know what economists talk about it in terms of the so-called “multiplier effect.” It was really, uh, very much at work whenever a building like this led up. Bollinger The design of the Cocoa post office really emphasized function over form. Located on the corner of Brevard and Orange Avenues, the Cocoa post office was in the heart of the main shopping district of the city. Dr. Alan Bliss explains how the architecture of the post office represented the important changes of the New Deal Era. Bliss The style is—let’s describe it in plain language—it’s spare. It does not have a lot in the way of elaborate adornment. Uh, it tends to be a, uh—a functional building. Some might actually go so far as to call it “plain.” I think it’s very, very handsome building. And it has a recognizable style that we tend to sort of associate with the New Deal Era. What you see here is pretty[?] sparelines[?] and something that is more popularly termed “Art Deco.” and I know architectural historians tend to hesitate to use that term. I’ve also heard it refer to as “Art Moderne.” And also I have heard this referred to as the so-called “International Style.” And it got that label in the early 1930s. It seemed as though there was kind of a widespread rejection of the old style classical design in public buildings—the old style monumentality. How come? People were turned off by the excesses of grand celebratory design in public architecture, because it seemed to evoke kind of the imperial aspirations of the, uh, crumbling regimes of Europe. After the Great War,<a title="">[1]</a> people tended to recoil a little bit from that. People were very, very turned off by what they saw as the failings of those old imperial regimes. They welcomed, beginning in the 1920s, more modernist style. and I think that’s what we see in the Cocoa post office design—something that evokes the dignity of its public purpose and the security of, uh, the function that’s being carried out in the building. In this case, you know, the mail, right? But that really emphasizes function over, uh, ornate adornment. You don’t see a lot of adornment there—some nice touches. you know, the eagle there up with the stars that are cast into the facade, but nothing really, very grandiose. Bollinger The Cocoa post office has had lasting value for the City of Cocoa. Serving as the town’s post office for nearly 25 years, the post office on the corner of Brevard and Orange Avenues was retired in 1966, after the completion of a newer, much larger building located on Orange Avenue in 1965. Between 1965 and 1997, the building was occupied by a variety of entities, including the military, and used as a recruitment facility by the Federal Bureau of Investigation [FBI], and also by a branch of the [U.S.] Department of Agriculture. In the mid-1990s, the Florida Historical Society acquired the former post office for the society’s permanent use. Dr. Nick Wynne, the Director Emeritus of the Florida Historical Society, describes how the building fit the society’s needs. Wynne Once we got it, we applied to the [Florida] State Historic Preservation Office and we got actually a couple of grants that totaled about 450,000 dollars. We renovated it and we kept all of the exterior, and we kept most of the interior, but we adapted it to become a library with the open spaces and—and to accommodate shelving and everything else like that. One—one interesting sidelight—when we were—first acquired the building, we went in and it had eight-foot drop ceilings. And the original height of the ceilings was about 40 feet. So we had to tear all of that out. And the FBI had occupied half of the building. And we’re not 100% sure, but when we were taking out the drop ceiling, we found 27 what we thought were microphones that had been planted and uh, trunkline that had like 200 separate phone lines coming in the building, because it was going to also serve as a FEMA [Federal Emergency Relief Administration] building. And we called Congresspeople and we called everybody to sing[?], “You need to take out these phone lines, because they’re still active.” so eventually we just had the telephone company, “This is a construction zone. These lines will be cut.” So anyway, they came and they—they disconnected them to the building. It was interesting to say those were great days, because we were learning the building. We had never done and, uh, the building certainly accommodated us and was very spacious for the time. Bollinger Since 1998, the Florida Historical Society has operated out of the former post office building. It is now known as the Library of Florida History. In many ways, the post office has become a recognizable symbol for the Florida Historical Society. The historical society serves not only academics, but also the public, and many social functions are held monthly for the local community. In this way, the historical society continues to give back to the City of Cocoa, Brevard County, and the State of Florida. Dr. Wynne explain what the building means to the historical society. Wynne It’s a historical building they built in 1939. Some classic architecture. It’s linked to Art Deco. I mean, it has just that appearance of being a substantial building. I think—becomes even more symbolic as far as being perceived as a permanent home. And the reality is probably we could’ve had any building and it would’ve been acceptable. But the—the reality is that this is an appropriate building for its function. But it became the symbol—very stately, I think, uh—a symbol of the society. Bollinger For more information about the Florida Historical Society, please visit the society’s website at <a>www.myfloridahistory.org</a>. Cassanello Thank you for listening to the RICHES Documentary Podcast. Feel free to contact us with any question or comments on the program that you just heard. Please join us for the next episode Gentrification and Urban Renewal: Revitalizing Central Florida’s African American Community. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> World War I. </div> </div> Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/ozMTX8JY5Hw" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 3: Serving the Community: The New Deal Post Office of Cocoa Florida</a> Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a>. Application software, such as <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a>. architect architecture Art Deco architecture Art Moderne architecture Bliss, Alan Bollinger, Heather Brevard Avenue Brevard County, State of Florida Cocoa Cocoa High School Cocoa High School band Cocoa Post Office Congress construction economic stimulus economy employment FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation Federal Emergency Relief Administration FEMA FHS Florida Historical Society Florida State Historic Preservation Office General Services Administration Great Depression Great War Hendricks, Joseph Edward Indian River International Style architecture J. M. Ramon Construction Company jobs program labor Lester, Connie L. Library of Florida History Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT modernist architecture multiplier effect New Deal New Deal Economic Relief Program New Deal Era Office of the Supervising Architect Orange Avenue post office public works RICHES RICHES Podcast Documentaries Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Simon, Louis A. Streamline Moderne architecture Tennessee Valley Authority The Cocoa Tribune TVA U.S. Department of Agriculture U.S. Department of the Treasury U.S. Post Office Department UCF unemployment University of Central Florida USDA Valdosta State University VSU World War I Wynne, Nick Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Original Format 1 video podcast Duration 21 minutes and 44 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 101 kbps Producer Cassanello, Robert Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 20: Women of Many Hats: The Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie, Florida Alternative Title Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Eau Gallie (Fla.) Businesswomen--Florida Women--Florida Historic houses, etc. Melbourne (Fla.) Description Episode 20 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: Women of Many Hats: The Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie, Florida. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 20 explores the lives of the Rossetter sisters, who were businessowners in Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida. The Rossetter family migrated to Eau Gallie in 1902 and had their home built at 1320 Highland Avenue in 1904, which now serves as a historic house operated by the Florida Historical Society. After the death of her father in 1921, Carrie P. Rossetter took responsibility for supporting the family by taking over her father's Standard Oil distribution business. Her sister, Ella F. Rossetter, was also a successful businessowner. After they retired in the 1980s, the Rossetter sisters focused their energy on the preservation of their family home. Abstract This podcast explores the lives of two sisters who had remarkable careers as business owners in Eau Gallie, Florida. Today, their legacy lives on in their historic home, built in 1904 and now managed by the Florida Historical Society. Type Moving Images Source Original 21-minute and 44-second podcast by Heather Bollinger, December 15, 2011: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 20: Women of Many Hats: The Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie, Florida." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens, Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida James Wadsworth Rossetter House, Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Creator Bollinger, Heather Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Contributor Lester, Connie L. Ferguson, Stuart Burghart, Jillian Wynne, Nick Date Created ca. 2011-12-15 Format video/mp4 Extent 45.5 MB Medium 21-minute and 44-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Heather Bollinger and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> Accrual Method Item Creation Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> External Reference "<a href="http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/history">A Museum is Born...</a>" Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens. http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/history. "<a href="http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/node/494" target="_blank">Caroline P. Rossetter</a>." Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens. http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/node/494. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2472" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 20: Women of Many Hats: The Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie, Florida</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2472. Raley, Karen, and Ann Raley Flotte. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49963390" target="_blank">Melbourne and Eau Gallie</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2002. "<a href="http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/history/rossetter" target="_blank">Rossetter History</a>." Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens. http://rossetterhousemuseum.org/history/rossetter. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/pKfh5NdlqaE" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 20: Women of Many Hats: The Rossetter Sisters of Eau Gallie, Florida</a> Date Copyrighted 2011-12-15 Date Issued 2011-12-15 Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank"> Adobe Flash Player</a>. Application software, such as <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank"> Java</a>. Ascension Catholic Church Aspinwall, John Bight of Canaveral Bollinger, Heather Brevard County Historical Commission Brevard County Tourist Development Council Burghart, Jillian Catholic Catholic Church Catholicisim church civil rights club Detroit Publishing Company documentary Eau Gallie Eau Gallie River Eau Gallie Yacht Club energy energy industry Ferguson, Stuart FHS FIT Florida Department of State Florida Historical Society Florida Institute of Technology garden Hamilton County Highland Avenue historic house Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens Indian River & Lake Worth Fish Company James Wasdsworth Rosseter House Lester, Connie L. Library of Congress Lindsay, Anne McCormick McCormick, Stanley Melbourne Minorcan monument museum National Federation of Business and Women's Clubs oil oil industry parks Parks, Charles philanthropist philanthropy podcast Port Canaveral RICHES Podcast Documentaries Rosseter, James Wadsworth Rossetter Sisters Rossetter, Carrie P. Rossetter, Ella F. Rossetter, Ella Rogero St. Augustine Standard Oil Distribution State Library and Archives of Florida suffrage Turnbull, Andrew voting voting rights women Women's Club women's suffrage Wynne, Nick https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/cdc9ce5582aeebc453c1f9882ed82f03.mp3 ff97de15b86583d006311c20b102090f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection Alternative Title RICHES Podcast Collection Subject Podcasts Documentaries Description RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Contributor <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Cassanello, Robert Language eng Type Collection Coverage Altoona, Florida Apopka, Florida Astor, Florida Barberville, Florida Brevard County, Florida Bushnell, Florida Clermont, Florida Cocoa, Florida Cocoa Beach, Florida College Park, Orlando, Florida Coral Gables, Florida Daytona Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Disston City, Florida Eatonville, Florida Eau Gallie, Melbourne, Florida Fort King, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida Geneva, Florida Goldenrod, Florida Groveland, Florida Hannibal Square, Winter Park, Florida Holly Hill, Florida Hontoon Island, DeLand, Florida Indian River, Florida Jacksonville, Florida Key Biscayne, Florida Key West, Florida Kissimmee, Florida Lake Apopka, Florida Lake Buena Vista, Florida Lake County, Florida Lake Mary, Florida Marion County, Florida Merritt Island, Florida Mims, Florida Mount Dora, Florida Newnans Lake, Gainesville, Florida New Smyrna, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Ocala, Florida Ocklawaha River, Florida Ocoee, Florida Orlando, Florida Ormond Beach, Florida Osceola County, Florida Oviedo, Florida Parramore, Orlando, Florida Reedy Creek, Florida Sanford, Florida Silver Springs, Florida St. Augustine, Florida St. Cloud, Florida St. Johns River, Florida St. Petersburg, Florida Tampa, Florida Titusville, Florida Vero Beach, Florida Weirsdale, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Park, Florida Ybor City, Tampa, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> External Reference "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php. Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/137" target="_blank">A History of Central Florida Collection</a>, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES </a> Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Original Format 1 audio podcast Duration 12 minutes and 26 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency 128kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 37: An Interview with Nick Wynne Alternative Title Interview with Nick Wynne Podcast Subject Podcasts Documentaries Florida Historical Society Public history--United States Historical societies Description Episode 37 of RICHES Podcast Documentaries: An Interview with Nick Wynne. RICHES Podcast Documentaries are short form narrative documentaries that explore Central Florida history and are locally produced. These podcasts can involve the participation or cooperation of local area partners. Episode 37 features an interview with Nick Wynne, director-emeritus of the Florida Historical Society, about how and why the society moved from the University of South Florida in Tampa, Florida, to a former New Deal Federal Post Office building in Cocoa. Wynne discusses the impact that the move has had on the society's operations, as well as for the city of Cocoa itself. Abstract In this podcast, Heather Bollinger interviews Nick Wynne, director-emeritus of the Florida Historical Society, about how and why the society moved from the University of South Florida in Tampa, Florida to a former New Deal federal building in Cocoa, Florida. He also discusses the impact that the move has had on the society’s operations, as well as for the city of Cocoa itself. Type Sound/Podcast Source Original 12-minute and 26-second podcast by Heather Bollinger, August 27, 2012: "RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 37: An Interview with Nick Wynne." <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/70" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Post Office, Cocoa, Florida Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida Creator Bollinger, Heather Publisher <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Contributor Wynne, Nick Date Created ca. 2012-08-27 Format audio/mp3 Extent 11.4 MB Medium 12-minute and 26-second podcast Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Heather Bollinger and published by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Rights Holder <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> Accrual Method Sound/Podcast Contributing Project <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/podcastsblog.php" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> External Reference "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2490" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 37: An Interview with Nick Wynne</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2490. "<a href="http://myfloridahistory.org/society" target="_blank">Brief History</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://myfloridahistory.org/society. Florida Historical Society. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/429208201" target="_blank">Publications of the Florida Historical Society Quarterly</a>. [S.l.]: Florida Historical Society, 2000. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/files/original/cdc9ce5582aeebc453c1f9882ed82f03.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 37: An Interview with Nick Wynne</a> Date Copyrighted 2012-08-27 Date Issued 2012-08-27 American Civil War Bollinger, Heather Brevard Arts Alliance Brevard County Civil War Cocoa Cocoa Main Street Cocoa Post Office FHS Florida Frontiers Florida Historical Quarterly Florida Historical Society Florida Historical Society Press Florida Public Archaeology Network Gainesville Historic Rossetter House Museum and Gardens historical society Larson, Peter L. library Mosquito Beaters Nelson Poynter Memorial Library post office public history public radio radio Reconstruction RICHES Podcast Documentaries St. Augustine St. Petersburg Tampa U.S. Post Office UCF University of Central Florida University of South Florida University of South Florida-St. Petersburg USF Winter Park Works Progress Administration WPA Wynne, Nick https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c854e91cd963e277416da0a930145002.mp3 1122b5da6afa1aace63e6a69f5fb4582 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Jazz Collection Alternative Title Jazz Collection Subject Music--United States Jazz--United States Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.” By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s. The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance. Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors. Contributor <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida WUCF-TV, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Alkyer, Frank. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"> DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology</a>. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009. Gioia, Ted. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank">The History of Jazz</a>. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank">Jazz: A History of America's Music</a>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title "Manhã de Carnaval" by Larry Coryell Alternative Title "Manhã de Carnaval" by Larry Coryell Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--United States Jazz--United States Description An audio recording of "Manhã de Carnaval" ("Morning of the Carnival"), composed by Luiz Bonfá (1922-12001) and lyricist Antônio Maria (1921-1964), and performed by Larry Coryell (b. 1943) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 8, 1999. Coryell is an American jazz fusion guitarist, composer, and one of the pioneers of jazz-rock, a fusion genre that combines elements of blues, rock, country, and bop. Considered by many to be one of the greatest guitarists of all time, Coryell has shared the stage with Miles Davis (1926-1991) and Jimi Hendrix (1942-1970). He has remained active since the 1960s, recording over 100 albums.One of the first bossa nova compositions to gain popularity outside Brazil, "Manhã de Carnaval" has become a jazz standard. The song appeared as the theme to the 1958 film, Orfeu Negro (Black Orpheus). Type Sound Source Original 4-minute and 26-second audio recording: Bonfá, Luiz, and Antônio Maria. "Manhã de Carnaval," by Larry Coryell: <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a>, Orlando, Florida, June 8, 1999. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank">Jazz Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida Coverage WUCF-FM, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Creator Bonfá, Luiz Maria, Antônio Publisher <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> Contributor Coryell, Larry Date Created 1999-06-08 Date Issued 1999-06-08 Date Copyrighted 1999-06-08 Format audio/mp3 Medium 4-minute and 26-second audio recording Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created by Luiz Floriano Bonfá and Antônio Maria, performed by Larry Coryell, and published by <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Luiz Floriano Bonfá and Antônio Maria and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> External Reference Coryell, Larry. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/72150176" target="_blank">Improvising: My Life in Music</a>. New York: Backbeat, 2007. Antônio Maria Antônio Maria de Araújo Morais Black Orpheus bossa nova Brazilian jazz CAH College of Arts and Humanities free jazz jazz jazz ensembles jazz fusion jazz guitarists jazz guitars jazz standard jazz-rock Larry Coryell Luis Bonfá Luiz Bonfá Luiz Floriano Bonfá Manhã de Carnaval Morning of the Carnival musicians National Public Radio NPR Orfeu Negro orlando PBS post-bop Public Broadcasting Service UCF University of Central Florida WUCF-FM https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f9c784e7294e86445eb7fa3939637ca6.mp3 27e7b8c0ef31285c2b5df98a13a7fef6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Jazz Collection Alternative Title Jazz Collection Subject Music--United States Jazz--United States Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.” By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s. The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance. Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors. Contributor <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida WUCF-TV, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Alkyer, Frank. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"> DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology</a>. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009. Gioia, Ted. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank">The History of Jazz</a>. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank">Jazz: A History of America's Music</a>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title "The Gentle Rain" by the John Whitney Trio Alternative Title "Gentle Rain" by John Whitney Trio Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--United States Jazz--United States Description An audio recording of "The Gentle Rain," composed by Luiz Bonfá (1922-2001) and performed by the John Whitney Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on January 4, 2000. John Whitney served as director of both orchestral studies and the University of Central Florida Jazz Lab band during his 20 years with the university. Whitney also led the UCF Jazz Lab band in invited performances at Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland and North Sea Jazz Festival in Holland. He established himself as a conductor, performer, composer, arranger, and teacher in both classical and jazz arenas, founding and directing the Southern Tier Symphony in Allegany, New York, in 2003, until his death in 2014. Type Sound Source Original 6-minute and 27-second audio recording: Bonfá, Luiz. "The Gentle Rain," by the John Whitney Trio: <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a>, Orlando, Florida, January 4, 2000. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank">Jazz Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida Coverage WUCF-FM, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Southern Tier Symphony, Allegany, New York Creator Bonfá, Luiz Publisher <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> Contributor John Whitney Trio Date Created 2000-01-04 Date Issued 2000-01-04 Date Copyrighted 2000-01-04 Format audio/mp3 Extent 5.91 MB Medium 6-minute and 27-second audio recording Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created by Luiz Bonfá performed by the John Whitney Trio, and published by <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Luiz Bonfá and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> External Reference "<a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/about.php" target="_blank">John Whitney - Music Director</a>." Southern Tier Symphony. http://www.southerntiersymphony.org/John_Whitney_Biography.htm (accessed March 17, 2015). Axel Stordahl bossa nova Brazilian jazz CAH Chuva Delicada College of Arts and Humanities conducting conductors jazz jazz ensembles Jazz Lab John Whitney John Whitney Trio Luis Bonfá Luiz Bonfá Luiz Floriano Bonfá musicians National Public Radio NPR orlando Paul Weston Public Broadcasting Service Sammy Cahn The Gentle Rain UCF UCF Jazz Lab band University of Central Florida WUCF-FM https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2d3709ae914276fe30970dcccbb3b504.mp3 fb5fac5babfe1286125176315963929b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Jazz Collection Alternative Title Jazz Collection Subject Music--United States Jazz--United States Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.” By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s. The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance. Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors. Contributor <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida DeLand, Florida Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida WUCF-TV, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Alkyer, Frank. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"> DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology</a>. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009. Gioia, Ted. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank">The History of Jazz</a>. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank">Jazz: A History of America's Music</a>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000. Sound/Podcast A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title "Samba de Orpheus" by Ira Sullivan Alternative Title "Samba de Orpheus" by Ira Sullivan Subject Orlando (Fla.) Music--United States Jazz--United States Description An audio recording of "Samba de Orpheus," composed by Luiz Bonfá (1922-2001) and performed by Ira Sullivan (b. 1931) live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 8, 2006. A multi-instrumentalist, Sullivan was a crucial part of the Chicago jazz scene of the 1950s, performing with numerous artists, including a stint with Art Blakey (1919-1990) and the Jazz Messengers in 1956. He left the spotlight and moved to Florida to raise his family in the early 1960s, eventually starting a quintet with Red Rodney (1927-1994). Sullivan taught summers at the University of Miami's Young Musician's Camp, in which professional musicians and faculty from the UM School of Music instructed students between 7 and 18 years old in classical music, jazz, rock, songwriting, composition, and musical theater. One of the first bossa nova compositions to gain popularity outside Brazil, "Samba de Orpheus" has become a jazz standard. The song originally appeared in the 1959 film, Orfeu Negro ("Black Orpheus"). Type Sound Source Original 6-minute and 24-second audio recording: Bonfá, Luiz. "Samba de Orpheus," by Ira Sullivan: <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a>, Orlando, Florida, December 8, 2006. Requires Multimedia software, such as <a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"> QuickTime</a>. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank">Jazz Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida Coverage WUCF-FM, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida Chicago, Illinois Creator Bonfá, Luiz Publisher <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> Contributor Sullivan, Ira Date Created 2006-12-08 Date Issued 2006-12-08 Date Copyrighted 2006-12-08 Format audio/mp3 Extent 5.86 MB Medium 6-minute and 24-second audio recording Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created by Luiz Bonfá performed by Ira Sullivan, and published by <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Luiz Bonfá and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">WUCF-FM</a> External Reference Meredith, Bill. "<a href="http://jazztimes.com/articles/19200-ira-sullivan-family-first" target="_blank">Ira Sullivan: Family First</a>." Jazz Times, December 2007. http://jazztimes.com/articles/19200-ira-sullivan-family-first (Accessed March 23, 2015). Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2d3709ae914276fe30970dcccbb3b504.mp3" target="_blank">"Samba de Orpheus" by Ira Sullivan</a> alto hornists alto saxophones alto saxophonists alton horns bebop bop bossa nova Brazilian jazz Brazilian music CAH College of Arts and Humanities flautists flugelhornists flugelhorns flutes Ira Sullivan jazz jazz ensemble jazz ensembles Luiz Bonfá Luiz Floriano Bonfá music musicians National Public Radio NPR orlando PBS peck horns Public Broadcasting Service samba Samba de Orpheus Samba of Orpheus soprano saxophones soprano saxophonists tenor horns tenor saxophones tenor saxophonists UCF UM University of Central Florida University of Miami WUCF-FM Young Musicians Camp https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/878a1b0b8c242b40379bd6d88ae68ad4.jpg 2101ec4f298f95d6a37061cb3a3b9c78 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Central Florida Monuments Collection Alternative Title Monuments Collection Subject Florida Orlando (Fla.) Kissimmee (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Winter Springs (Fla.) Memorials--Florida Description Central Florida is a unique place. Diversity exists throughout the spectrum of population, neighborhoods, tourism, and attractions. Because of our uniqueness and seemingly never-ending list of things to do, we tend to overlook the things that make us unique. We tend to overlook our past. We walk through parks, down the street, and around lakes, catch a glimpse of a commemorative plaque or statue, but it stops there. Central Florida is rich of monuments and memorials, yet very rarely do we know why it is there and who put it there. Our small University of Central Florida Public History class selected a number of memorials and monuments around Central Florida. We found busts, markers, structures, and statues that stand tall. Some of these are obvious, but others are hidden amongst the brush. We had no idea what we would find in regards to these gems; some of us found very little, but others found gold. We found that monuments in places like Kissimmee, Lake Eola, and Sanford offer a glimpse into our past that has been overlooked, and in some cases untouched. Through the history of our monuments and memorials, we have been able to gauge social sentiment, populations, but more importantly, the reasons why our predecessors have commemorated what they have. Our sampling in no way represents all of the history Central Florida has to offer, but we can offer you a glimpse and hope that you dig further through the history our region has to offer. Come into our exhibit and look through our shared past and see what was important, and what has been forgotten. Come in and see for yourself a familiar statue to which you can finally give meaning. Come in and see Central Florida in a new light— a light that will take you through the years and the changes of our region. Contributor Bowers, Katherine Borawski, Gianna Dunn, Robin Fitzsimons, Daniel Kittel, Carly Messamore, Kyle Schell, Kristal Schuppe, Cody Language eng Type Collection Coverage Bataan-Corregidor Memorial, Lakefront Park, Kissimmee, Florida Battle of the Bulge Memorial, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida Bust of Simón Bolívar, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida Confederate Soldiers, Sailors, and Statesmen Memorial, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orange County World War I Soldiers Memorial, Downtown Orlando, Florida Red Chinese Ting, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida Seminole County World War I Memorial, Sanford, Florida Winter Springs Veterans Memorial, Winter Springs, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=525" target="_blank">Dr. Anne Lindsay</a>'s Public History: Principles and Techniques Undergraduate Class Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/cflmonuments" target="_blank">Hidden in Plain Sight: A Selection of Central Florida Monuments</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/cflmonuments. External Reference Dickinson, Greg, Carole Blair, and Brian L. Ott. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/663080291" target="_blank">Places of Public Memory The Rhetoric of Museums and Memorials</a>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2010. Bodnar, John E. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23731520" target="_blank">Remaking America: Public Memory, Commemoration, and Patriotism in the Twentieth Century</a>. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1991. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Red Chinese Ting at Lake Eola Description Erected in Downtown Orlando’s Lake Eola Park in 1988, the red Chinese pagoda-like structure is called a "ting" due to its single story. It was constructed out of wood, ceramic, brick, and mortar. Dr. Nelson Ying bestowed the ting to the City of Orlando and Mayor Bill Frederick in 1987. Ying, director of The China Group Incorporated, chose to dedicate the pavilion to beautify Downtown Orlando and offer a place for international exchange for the mayor and dignitaries. Two years before the ting was gifted in 1985, Ying worked closely with Mayor Bill Frederick to secure a sister-city relationship with the City of Guilin by accompanying Frederick on a three-week goodwill trip to China. Guilin’s downtown landscape consists of four lakes, and downtown is easily recognizable by several pagodas that adorn these lakes. Ying intended to honor the young sister-city relationship with Guilin by placing his donation on the edge of Lake Eola in an effort to mirror the sister-city’s landscape. The ting was built in China by the Shanghai Construction Arts and Crafts Corporation, disassembled for shipping to the United States, and then rebuilt in Orlando. The ting is located in the northeast corner of Orlando’s Lake Eola. Date Created 2013-10-08 Coverage Red Chinese Ting, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida Guilin, Guangxi, China Creator Borawski, Gianna Source Original digital color image by Gianna Borawski, October 8, 2013. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Gianna Borawski and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. External Reference Bacchus, James. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1985-07-21/news/0310380141_1_china-marco-polo-bill-frederick" target="_blank">China 'You Are Watching Flowers From a Galloping Horse,' Said the Guide to the Visitors From the Other Side of the World. But What Flowers They Were</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, July 21, 1985. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1985-07-21/news/0310380141_1_china-marco-polo-bill-frederick. Blumenstyk, Goldie. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1985-05-16/news/0300100298_1_frederick-china-hong-kong" target="_blank">Frederick Takes Off for China Orlando Delegation Leaves on Trip of 'Trade and Friendship.'</a>" The Orlando Sentinel, May 16, 1985. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1985-05-16/news/0300100298_1_frederick-china-hong-kong. Blumenstyk, Goldie. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1987-10-24/news/0150380284_1_gazebo-pagoda-china" target="_blank">Frederick Wants to Place a Chinese Gazebo in Park</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, October 24, 1987. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1987-10-24/news/0150380284_1_gazebo-pagoda-china. "<a href="http://www.visitguilin.org/index.php/en/sightseeing/57-attraction-list/117-two-rivers-and-four-lakes" target="_blank">Two Rivers and Four Lakes</a>." Visit Guilin - Guilin's Official Travel Website. http://www.visitguilin.org/index.php/en/sightseeing/57-attraction-list/117-two-rivers-and-four-lakes. Alternative Title Red Chinese Ting Subject Orlando (Fla.) Guilin (Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu, China) Pagodas Pavilions Contributor Borawski, Gianna Format image/jpg Extent 3.36 MB Medium 1 color digital image Type Still Image Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Humanities Teacher Visual Arts Teacher Provenance Originally created and owned by Gianna Borawski. Contributing Project <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=525" target="_blank">Dr. Anne Lindsay</a>'s Public History: Principles and Techniques Undergraduate Class Curator Borawski, Gianna Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/admin/collections/show/77" target="_blank">Central Florida Monuments Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/cflmonuments" target="_blank">Hidden in Plain Sight: A Selection of Central Florida Monuments</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Borawski, Gianna China China Group Incorporated Chinese City of Guilin City of Orlando Downtown Guilin Downtown Orlando Frederick, Bill Guilin, Guangxi Zhuangzu Zizhiqu, China Lake Eola Lake Eola Park orlando padgoa pavilion Red Chinese Ting Shanghai Construction Arts and Crafts Corporation ting Ying, Nelson https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d20971e36e5defc63a2cc3d5fa7d1959.jpg bf68e10530ba77aadd0957af728e4733 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Legacy Program Collection Alternative Title VLP Collection Subject Veterans--Florida Description In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Is Part Of Veterans Legacy Program Collection, RICHES Program Type Collection Digital Collection <div class="element-text"><a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a></div> <div class="element-text"><a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a></div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Veterans Compensation Application for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Alternative Title Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Veterans Compensation Application Subject World War, 1914-1918 Veterans--Florida Description The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania’s Application Form for Veterans Compensation, which authorized the state to compensate veterans native to Pennsylvania at the time of their enlistment. The application includes name, current address, branch and location of service, place of birth, dependents (wife, children, parents), stations assignments, promotions, wounds, service overseas, and honorable discharge date. A notable resident listed in this record is John Borris, who received payments of $10 per month for 20 months as compensation for his service. Born on February 3, 1891 in Johnson City, Pennsylvania, Borris served as part of Company C 1st Ammunition Train of the First Division during the First World War in 1917 and 1918. After his initial discharge in 1919, he returned to the United States Army in 1921 as part of the 7th Coast Artillery before his second and final discharge in 1924. After his service, he married Irene Nehf, with whom he had two sons, Roger and David. The family lived in Chicago, Illinois, and Phoenix, Arizona. Borris and his wife moved to Lakeland, Florida in 1988. Borris died on June 11, 1994 and is buried in the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida. In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program</a>. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of the original veterans compensation application. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/210" target="_blank">Veterans Legacy Program Collection</a> Coverage Harrisburg, Pennsylvania Creator Borris, John <a href="https://www.pa.gov/" target="_blank">Commonwealth of Pennsylvania</a> Publisher <a href="https://www.pa.gov/" target="_blank">Commonwealth of Pennsylvania</a> Date Created 1934-11-10 Format image/jpg Extent 1.13 MB Medium 1 veterans compensation application Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by John Borris and the <a href="https://www.pa.gov/" target="_blank">Commonwealth of Pennsylvania</a> the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and published by the <a href="https://www.pa.gov/" target="_blank">Commonwealth of Pennsylvania</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws: • reproduce the work in print or digital form • create derivative works • perform the work publicly • display the work • distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending. This resource is provided here by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105">Section 5</a> of <a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Curator Connolly, Lehman Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/">RICHES MI</a> <a href="https://www.ancestry.com/"> Ancestry.com</a> <a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/">Veterans Legacy Program Project</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.phmc.pa.gov/archives/Pages/default.aspx">Pennsylvania State Archives</a> External Reference Abney, Barb. "<a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank">VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans</a>." UCF Today, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/. Cox, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/951835440" target="_blank">Twenty Years' Crisis, 1919-1939</a>. [Place of publication not identified]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. Bushnell Chicago, Illinois Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Florida National Cemetery John Borris Meuse-Argonne Offensive military history military service National Cemetery Administration Pennsylvania United States Army veterans Veterans Administration veterans compensation application Veterans Legacy Program World War I World War, 1914-1918 WWI https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/f2700e24686d0f3808a9db332f9ccac4.jpg 128ae461fff5518b78d2569f463b40cb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Alternative Title Oviedo Historical Society Collection Subject Oviedo (Fla). Description The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015. The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank">Oviedo Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Oviedo, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015 Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a>." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/. Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank">Oviedo, Biography of a Town</a>. S.l: s.n.], 1979. Robison, Jim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank">Around Oviedo</a>. 2012. "<a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank">History</a>." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68. "<a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page typed transcription Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Eulogy for Harry "Big Newt" Boston, Sr. Alternative Title "Big Newt" Boston Subject Oviedo (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) African Americans--Florida Baseball--Florida Softball--United States Sports--Florida Eulogies--United States Parks--Florida Description The transcription of a eulogy given by Harry H. Boston, Jr. after the death of his father, Harry "Big Newt" Homer, Sr. Boston, who was an integral part of Oviedo's African-American community. Originally from Valdosta, Georgia, he graduate from Valdosta State College (now Valdosta State University). After college, he joined the U.S. Army, where he served as a medic during World War II. After migrating to Oviedo, Florida, Boston built a baseball diamond where local black youths played. The teams were known as the Oviedo Black Hawks for boys and Oviedo Lady Black Hawks for girls. On his bus, affectionately nicknamed the "Big Newt Bus," Boston would take the teams to games across Florida and other states as far north as Tennessee. The City of Oviedo honored him by naming Boston Hill Park, located at 777 South Central Avenue, in his honor. On May 21, 1994, the city also proclaimed that date Harry "Big Newt" Boston Day. Boston passed away on October 3 of that same year at the Winter Park Memorial Hospital in Winter Park. Creator Boston, Harry, Jr. Source Original 1-page typed transcription by Harry H. Boston, Jr., 1994: Private Collection of Jacqueline Morgan. Date Created ca. 1994-10-08 Contributor Morgan, Jacqueline Is Format Of Digital reproduction of the original 1-page typed transcription by Harry H. Boston, Jr., 1994. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society Collection</a>, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpg Extent 322 KB Medium 1-page typed transcription Language eng Type Text Coverage Boston Hill Park, Oviedo, Florida Accrual Method Donation Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by Harry H. Boston, Jr. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Harry H. Boston, Jr. and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank">Oviedo Historical Society</a> Curator Dossie, Porsha Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Jacqueline Morgan External Reference Robison, Jim. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2003-02-02/news/0301310510_1_boston-oviedo-grove" target="_blank">Bostons Of Oviedo Built Ball Field, Pioneered In Citrus</a>." The Orlando Sentinel, February 2, 2003. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2003-02-02/news/0301310510_1_boston-oviedo-grove. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5289" target="_blank">In Loving Memory of Mr. Harry Boston</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5289. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5290" target="_blank">In Memory of Harry 'Big Newt' Boston, Sr.</a>" RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/5290. "Big Newt" Boston African American Atlanta Brave baseball baseball diamond Big Newt Bus Boston Hill Park City of Oviedo Easter eulogy Grant Chapel African Methodist Episcopal Church Grant Chapel AME Church Hal King Harold "Hal" King Harry "Big Newt" Boston Day Harry "Big Newt" Homer, Sr. Boston Harry H. Boston, Jr. holiday Methodist Migrant Education Program Oviedo Oviedo Black Hawks, Oviedo Lady Black Hawks park softball speech sport Valdosta, Georgia Winter Park Winter Park Memorial Hospital Young People's Department Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Daytona State College Collection Alternative Title DSC Collection Subject New Smyrna Beach (Fla.) Daytona State College (Fla.) Contributor <a href="http://www.daytonastate.edu/CampusDirectory/DeptInfo.aspx?dept=BHS" target="_blank">Daytona State College, New Smyrna Beach-Edgewater Campus, School of Behavioral and Cultural Sciences</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/75" target="_blank">Volusia County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/84" target="_blank">New Smyrna Beach Collection</a>, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Contributing Project History Skill Building Project 2013, <a href="http://www.daytonastate.edu/CampusDirectory/DeptInfo.aspx?dept=BHS" target="_blank">School for Behavior and Social Sciences</a>, Daytona State College Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.daytonastate.edu/CampusDirectory/DeptInfo.aspx?dept=BHS" target="_blank">Daytona State College, New Smyrna Beach-Edgewater Campus, School of Behavioral and Cultural Sciences</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.daytonastate.edu/catalog/facts/history.html" target="_blank">History of Daytona State College</a>." Daytona State College. http://www.daytonastate.edu/catalog/facts/history.html. Sweett, Lawrence J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/77551284" target="_blank">New Smyrna Beach</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2006. "<a href="http://www.cityofnsb.com/index.aspx?nid=198" target="_blank">History</a>." City of New Smyrna Beach, Florida. http://www.cityofnsb.com/index.aspx?nid=198. Cumiskey, Kate. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/491915106" target="_blank">Surfing in New Smyrna Beach</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing, 2010. Coverage Daytona State College-New Smyrna Beach-Edgewater, New Smyrna Beach, Florida New Smyrna Beach, Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the New Smyrna Beach-Edgewater campus of Daytona State College. Items in the collection focus on the history of New Smyrna Beach, Florida. In 1758, the first European settlers arrived in present-day New Smyrna Beach and Dr. Andrew Turnbull established the colony of New Smyrna. Most of the colony's settlers were from Greece, Italy, and Minorca, Spain. Turnbull planned for the town to produce hemp, sugarcane, indigo, and rum, but the colony quickly collapsed due to insect-born diseases and raids by nearby Native American tribes. Most of the survivors resettled in St. Augustine. In 1887, New Smyrna was incorporated. In 1892, Henry Morrison Flagler expanded his Florida East Coast Railway to the area, sparking growth in the city. During the Prohibition of the 1920s, New Smyrna served as a site for moonshine stills and hideouts for rum-runners. In 1947, the city was renamed New Smyrna Beach when it annexed Coronado Beach. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Botta, Karen Jones, Ian Haley, Shannon McCormick, Zachary Broadway, Brenna Grooms, John Robert, Jr. Interviewee Mackay, Sally Location <a href="http://www.daytonastate.edu/" target="_blank">Daytona State College</a>, New Smyrna Beach-Edgewater Campus in New Smyrna Beach, Florida Bit Rate/Frequency 136kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Sally Mackay Alternative Title Oral History, Mackay Subject New Smyrna Beach (Fla.) Mayors--United States Art--Florida Description An oral history with Sally Mackay, former mayor of New Smyrna Beach, Florida, and founder of the Hub on Canal, located at 132 Canal Street. Mackay migrated to Central Florida from Great Britain in 1973. In November of 2007, she was elected Mayor of New Smyrna Beach. She also served on the Volusia Council of Governments Executive Board, the Volusia League of Cities, and Florida League of Cities. Table Of Contents 00:00 Opening credits 00:15 Introduction 00:38 Memories of Central Florida 01:17 Migrating to the United States 03:44 Childhood household and expectations for success 05:38 Identity as a Brit and as an American 06:25 Ambitions as a youth 06:45 Anecdote about grandmother 08:20 Inspiration to join political life 09:25 Campaign for mayor 13:20 Founding The Hub on Central 17:00 Difficulties in being mayor and in opening an art studio 17:56 Feelings from opening her art studio 19:44 Experiences as mayor 20:47 Comparing immigration between now and then 21:42 Challenges of the immigration process 23:00 How life has changed 24:35 Mackay's personal message 25:17 Satisfaction with life and roles 27:45 Mackay's children 31:20 How society has changed during her lifetime 33:17 Conditions for the elderly 37:23 The Hub 38:06 How students can get involved with The Hub 42:52 Canal Street 43:06 General comments Abstract Oral history interview of Sally Mackay. Interview conducted by Karen Botta, Ian Jones, Shannon Haley, Zachary McCormick, Brenna Broadway, and John Robert Grooms, Jr. at Daytona State College, New Smyrna Beach-Edgewater Campus in New Smyrna Beach, Florida. Type Moving Image Source Original 49-minute and 18-second oral history: Mackay, Sally. Interview by Karen Botta, Ian Jones, Shannon Haley, Zachary McCormick, Brenna Broadway, and John Robert Grooms, Jr. <a href="http://www.daytonastate.edu/" target="_blank">Daytona State College</a>, New Smyrna Beach-Edgewater Campus. November 12, 2013. Audio/video record available. Requires <a href="http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/" target="_blank">Adobe Flash Player</a> <a href="http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp" target="_blank">Java</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/85" target="_blank">Daytona State College Collection</a>, New Smyrna Beach Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Surrey, England Croydon High School, London, England, United Kingdom The Hub on Canal, New Smyrna Beach, Florida Creator Botta, Karen Jones, Ian Haley, Shannon McCormick, Zachary Broadway, Brenna Grooms, John Robert, Jr. Mackay, Sally Publisher <a href="http://www.daytonastate.edu/" target="_blank">Daytona State College </a> Contributor Grigas, Carol S. Date Created 2013-11-12 Date Modified 2014-12-10 Format video/mp4 Extent 288 MB Medium 49-minute and 18-second audio/video recording Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created and published by the Daytona State College <a href="http://www.daytonastate.edu/CampusDirectory/DeptInfo.aspx?dept=BHS" target="_blank">School for Behavior and Social Sciences</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to the resource is held by <a href="http://www.daytonastate.edu/" target="_blank">Daytona State College</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project History Skill Building Project 2013, <a href="http://www.daytonastate.edu/CampusDirectory/DeptInfo.aspx?dept=BHS" target="_blank">School for Behavior and Social Sciences</a>, Daytona State College Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://www.daytonastate.edu/maps/nsbmap.html" target="_blank">Daytona State College New Smyrna-Edgewater Campus</a> External Reference Sweett, Lawrence J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/77551284" target="_blank">New Smyrna Beach</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2006. "<a href="http://thehuboncanal.org/history/" target="_blank">About</a>." The Hub on Central. http://thehuboncanal.org/history/. "<a href="http://www.cityofnsb.com/DocumentCenter/Home/View/407" target="_blank">Mayor Sally Mackay</a>." City of New Smyrna Beach. http://www.cityofnsb.com/DocumentCenter/Home/View/407. Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website) <a href="http://youtu.be/c7Y1WHJjaCY" target="_blank">Oral History of Sally Mackay</a> ACA Affordable Care Act art studios Bath, England Bones Mackay Brenna Broadway British Parliament Buckingham Palace Carol S. Grigas Central Florida classical guitars Croydon High School Daytona State College Democrats Doug Peterson DSC educators elderly Eli Young Band Exeter College Flagler County Florida Georgia Line Florida League of Cities healthcare History Skill Building Project Ian Jones immigrants immigration Jim Mackay John Hopkins University John Robert Grooms, Jr. Karen Botta Lesley Mackay Lesley Mackay Heiser Los Angeles, California Magnolia Street Margaret Hilda Roberts Margaret Hilda Thatcher Margaret Thatcher Mayor of New Smyrna Beach mayors McCormick, Zachary Mickelson, Phil New Smyrna Beach Ormond Beach Phoenix, Arizona planning boards politicians Portland, Maine Richard Spangler Roger Levinson Sally Mackay Sally Mackay Spangler Sally Spangler School of Behavioral and Social Sciences SCORE senior citizens Shannon Haley Surrey, England teachers The Hub on Canal The Hunger Games The Voice Thomas Mackay ukuleles VGMC Volusia Council of Governments Executive Board Volusia County Volusia County Growth Management Commission Volusia League of Cities Zachary McCormick https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/5167c5edf60f87123f1bfe94f9aafbe2.jpg 913b9c44eeefc873828b57aa26466919 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/ea77833b19461e99d79c0c0247530c1a.jpg 0a1c68f34bcfd8a2d143f4d93d0b3c59 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a0b2bb7c6fea8ecbae098b09594e51ed.jpg 7320f95a6de24c722999e4346f9afaa2 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2ee32475df5eea193ba84ca2c5bdf0d7.jpg 01d0c10b34faa4fe4db1518b435b2541 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/57dd7535371cfceb8ed0efb0b785bddd.jpg 6aaf6fc939c36b9a2d359b2dea24669b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Central Florida Monuments Collection Alternative Title Monuments Collection Subject Florida Orlando (Fla.) Kissimmee (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Winter Springs (Fla.) Memorials--Florida Description Central Florida is a unique place. Diversity exists throughout the spectrum of population, neighborhoods, tourism, and attractions. Because of our uniqueness and seemingly never-ending list of things to do, we tend to overlook the things that make us unique. We tend to overlook our past. We walk through parks, down the street, and around lakes, catch a glimpse of a commemorative plaque or statue, but it stops there. Central Florida is rich of monuments and memorials, yet very rarely do we know why it is there and who put it there. Our small University of Central Florida Public History class selected a number of memorials and monuments around Central Florida. We found busts, markers, structures, and statues that stand tall. Some of these are obvious, but others are hidden amongst the brush. We had no idea what we would find in regards to these gems; some of us found very little, but others found gold. We found that monuments in places like Kissimmee, Lake Eola, and Sanford offer a glimpse into our past that has been overlooked, and in some cases untouched. Through the history of our monuments and memorials, we have been able to gauge social sentiment, populations, but more importantly, the reasons why our predecessors have commemorated what they have. Our sampling in no way represents all of the history Central Florida has to offer, but we can offer you a glimpse and hope that you dig further through the history our region has to offer. Come into our exhibit and look through our shared past and see what was important, and what has been forgotten. Come in and see for yourself a familiar statue to which you can finally give meaning. Come in and see Central Florida in a new light— a light that will take you through the years and the changes of our region. Contributor Bowers, Katherine Borawski, Gianna Dunn, Robin Fitzsimons, Daniel Kittel, Carly Messamore, Kyle Schell, Kristal Schuppe, Cody Language eng Type Collection Coverage Bataan-Corregidor Memorial, Lakefront Park, Kissimmee, Florida Battle of the Bulge Memorial, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida Bust of Simón Bolívar, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida Confederate Soldiers, Sailors, and Statesmen Memorial, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida Orange County World War I Soldiers Memorial, Downtown Orlando, Florida Red Chinese Ting, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida Seminole County World War I Memorial, Sanford, Florida Winter Springs Veterans Memorial, Winter Springs, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=525" target="_blank">Dr. Anne Lindsay</a>'s Public History: Principles and Techniques Undergraduate Class Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/cflmonuments" target="_blank">Hidden in Plain Sight: A Selection of Central Florida Monuments</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/cflmonuments. External Reference Dickinson, Greg, Carole Blair, and Brian L. Ott. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/663080291" target="_blank">Places of Public Memory The Rhetoric of Museums and Memorials</a>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2010. Bodnar, John E. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23731520" target="_blank">Remaking America: Public Memory, Commemoration, and Patriotism in the Twentieth Century</a>. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1991. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 5 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Confederate Soldiers, Sailors, and Statesmen Memorial at Lake Eola Description The Confederate Soldiers, Sailors, and Statesmen Memorial was erected in 1911 by the Annie Coleman Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC). The construction of the monument was spearheaded by Mrs. Abernethy, the President of the Annie Coleman Chapter. The monument was erected at the intersection of East Central Avenue and Main Street in Downtown Orlando, Florida In 1917, the Confederate Memorial was deemed a traffic hazard and was moved to its permanent location on the east side of Lake Eola. Date Created 2013-08-08 Coverage Confederate Soldiers, Sailors, and Statesmen Memorial, Lake Eola Park, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Bowers, Katherine Transcript TO THE HONORED MEMORY OF THE SOLDIERS, THE SAILORS, THE STATESMEN OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA. "TIME CANNOT TEACH FORGETFULNESS WHEN GRIEF'S FULL HEART IS FED BY FAME." "THE CAUSE FOR WHICH HE SUFFERED WAS LOST; THE PEOPLE FOR WHOM HE FOUGHT WERE CRUSHED; THE HOPES IN WHICH HE TRUSTED WERE SHATTERED; BUT HIS FAME, CONSIGNED TO THE KEEPING OF TIME, WHICH HAPPILY, IS NOT SO MUCH THE TOMB OF VIRTUE AS ITS SHRINE. SHALL, IN THE YEARS TO COME, FIRE MODEST WORTH TO NOBLE ENDS." ERECTED BY ANNIE COLEMAN CHAPTER No. 225, UNITED DAUGHTERS OF THE CONFEDERACY OF ORLANDO, FLORIDA. A. D. 1911. "TIS WREATHED AROUND WITH GLORY AND TWILL LIVE IN SONG AND STORY, THOUGH IT'S FOLDS ARE IN THE DUST" External Reference Branham, A.G. "History of the Confederate Monument" (paper presented at the <a href="http://www.floridadivisionudc.com/Florida_Chapters/225.htm" target="_blank">Annie Coleman Chapter U.D.C.</a>, Orlando, Florida, April 12, 1917). Orange County Regional History Center. Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. Florida, and Florida Association of Museums. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/743688620" target="_blank">Florida Civil War Heritage Trail</a>. [Tallahassee, Fla.]: Dept. of State, Division of Historical Resources, 2011. Poppenheim, Mary B. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32172983" target="_blank">The History of the United Daughters of the Confederacy</a>. Richmond, Va: United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1994. Alternative Title Confederate Memorial Subject Orlando (Fla.) Confederate States of America Memorials--Florida Veterans--Florida Army Navy Monuments--United States Source Original digital color images by Katherine Bowers, August 8, 2013. Contributor Bowers, Katherine Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/admin/collections/show/77" target="_blank">Central Florida Monuments Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. "<a title="Hidden" href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/exhibits/show/cflmonuments" target="_blank">Hidden in Plain Sight: A Selection of Central Florida Monuments</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. Format image/jpg Extent 1.19 MB 1.52 MB 1.98 MB 1.6 MB 1.76 MB Medium 5 color digital images Language eng Type Still Image Accrual Method Item Creation Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Humanities Teacher Visual Arts Teacher Provenance Originally created and owned by Katherine Bowers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Katherine Bowers and is provided here by <a title="RICHES of Central Florida" href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=525" target="_blank">Dr. Anne Lindsay</a>'s Public History: Principles and Techniques Undergraduate Class Curator Bowers, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Abernathy, B. G. Annie Coleman Chapter No. 225 Bowers, Katherine Central Avenue Confederacy Confederate Soldiers, Sailors, and Statesmen Memorial Confederate States of America CSA Downtown Orlando Lake Eola Lake Eola Park Main Street memorial monument orlando sailor soldier statesman UDC United Daughters of the Confederacy United Daughters of the Confederacy of Orlando, Florida https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/80a37a9907def25a0e2561469b3b13ae.JPG b9946be4cd66eed678b75a148dc20743 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Alternative Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Museums--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, located at 1 North Main Street in Winter Garden, Florida. This one-story masonry vernacular building was originally the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad depot. The earliest train depot on this site was a 16-by-20-foot small wooden shed built by farmers in 1893 so they could ship their produce to Jacksonville and St. Petersburg on the Orange Belt Railway. A second larger wooden terminal was built on the same site in 1906 by the Atlantic Coat Line Railroad. The current brick building was constructed around 1918. After the train depot closed around 1960, the building housed the Chamber of Commerce, then several other businesses. In 1998, Kay Chicone Ustler and Jerry Chicone Jr. donated $150,000 to the City of Winter Garden to purchase the building for use as a museum. The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation opened the museum one month later. The museum is still active and is open from 1-5 PM everyday, excluding holidays. Contributor <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, Winter Garden, Florida Accrual Method Donation Rights Holder Copyright to these resources are held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Edwards, Wynette. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48909411" target="_blank">Orlando and Orange County</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2001. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title 314 South Boyd Street, Winter Garden Alternative Title 314 South Boyd Street Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Buildings--Florida Libraries--Florida Houses and homes Description This one-story Frame Vernacular-style building was constructed at 314 South Boyd Street in Winter Garden, Florida, in 1928. Located in Smith's #3 subdivision, platted by G. T. Smith in 1925, it initially served as the clubhouse for the Winter Garden Woman's Club, which was organized in 1926. Later, the building housed the Winter Garden Library. The library association lost the building in 1936 because of delinquent taxes. Judson Moore, Mayor of Winter Garden from 1945-47 and 1961-63, and manager of the Pounds Goodyear store on Plant Street, also lived in this house. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Katherine Bowers, July 2014: <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color digital image, July 2014. Creator Bowers, Katherine Date Created 2014-07 Format image/jpg Extent 198 KB Medium 1 color digital image Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Katherine Bowers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Bowers, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Coverage Winter Garden Woman's Club, Winter Garden, Florida Winter Garden Library, Winter Garden, Florida Home of Mayor Judson Moore Winter Garden, Florida Transcript THE LIBRARY 1926[?] [illegible] Bowers, Katherine Boyd Street Frame Vernacular library Moore, Judson Smith, G. T. Winter Garden Winter Garden Library Winter Garden Woman's Club Woman's Club https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/595c7e2be2cb50305d24fa38637ee4eb.JPG bc732dc270ba8d701dd19cd8cc943dbd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Alternative Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Museums--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, located at 1 North Main Street in Winter Garden, Florida. This one-story masonry vernacular building was originally the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad depot. The earliest train depot on this site was a 16-by-20-foot small wooden shed built by farmers in 1893 so they could ship their produce to Jacksonville and St. Petersburg on the Orange Belt Railway. A second larger wooden terminal was built on the same site in 1906 by the Atlantic Coat Line Railroad. The current brick building was constructed around 1918. After the train depot closed around 1960, the building housed the Chamber of Commerce, then several other businesses. In 1998, Kay Chicone Ustler and Jerry Chicone Jr. donated $150,000 to the City of Winter Garden to purchase the building for use as a museum. The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation opened the museum one month later. The museum is still active and is open from 1-5 PM everyday, excluding holidays. Contributor <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, Winter Garden, Florida Accrual Method Donation Rights Holder Copyright to these resources are held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Edwards, Wynette. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48909411" target="_blank">Orlando and Orange County</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2001. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title 12 West Plant Street, Winter Garden Alternative Title 12 West Plant Street Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Bakeries--United States Real estate--United States Theaters--Florida Barbershops--United States Department stores--Florida Pharmacies Meat industry and trade--United States Bars (Drinking establishments)--Florida Description The structure at 12 West Plant Street in Winter Garden, Florida, was the first brick commercial building built in 1912, after a 1909 fire destroyed all the downtown wood buildings. It was built by James Lafayette Dillard (1858-1943) and Benjamin T. Boyd, both of whom served on Winter Garden's first City Commission. Originally, it housed a bakery operated by Albert E. Jones and a real estate company operated by Dillard. Lewis L. Kenneday opened the first Winter Garden theater in the second floor of the building about 1913. It operated until 1917, when it was replaced by the Lyric Theatre. In the 1920s, A. D. Mims, later a county commissioner, operated a barbershop along the Main Street storefront. A barber by the name of Allen Bland occupied the space later. Eighteen boarding rooms were available on the second floor after the theater closed. Various businesses, such as the Leader Department Store, the Winter Garden Pharmacy, Tibbals-Rexall Drugs, J. S. Reddick's meat market and a beer parlor, occupied the building at other times. At the time that this photograph was taken in 2014, the building was being occupied by Savoree. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Katherine Bowers, July 2014: <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color digital image, July 2014. Creator Bowers, Katherine Date Created 2014-07 Format image/jpg Extent 234 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Katherine Bowers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Bowers, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Savoree</a>." Savoree. http://www.savoree.net/. Coverage Lyric Theatre, Winter Garden, Florida Lyric Theatre, Winter Garden, Florida Transcript Savoree HAND CRAFTED SALADS & SANDWICHES bakeries bakery barbershop barbershops beer parlor beer parlors Bland, Allen Bowers, Katherine Boyd, Benjamin T. Dillard, James L. Jones, Albert E. Kenneday, Lewis L. Leader Department Store Lyric Theatre meat markets Mims, A. D. Plant Street real estate Reddick, J. S. Tibbals-Rexall Drugs Winter Garden Winter Garden Pharmacy https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/6e21dfb63db84a2472c479976f3a0935.JPG e957c828745ee0cfa8cbaad8cc881262 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Alternative Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Museums--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, located at 1 North Main Street in Winter Garden, Florida. This one-story masonry vernacular building was originally the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad depot. The earliest train depot on this site was a 16-by-20-foot small wooden shed built by farmers in 1893 so they could ship their produce to Jacksonville and St. Petersburg on the Orange Belt Railway. A second larger wooden terminal was built on the same site in 1906 by the Atlantic Coat Line Railroad. The current brick building was constructed around 1918. After the train depot closed around 1960, the building housed the Chamber of Commerce, then several other businesses. In 1998, Kay Chicone Ustler and Jerry Chicone Jr. donated $150,000 to the City of Winter Garden to purchase the building for use as a museum. The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation opened the museum one month later. The museum is still active and is open from 1-5 PM everyday, excluding holidays. Contributor <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, Winter Garden, Florida Accrual Method Donation Rights Holder Copyright to these resources are held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Edwards, Wynette. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48909411" target="_blank">Orlando and Orange County</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2001. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title 49 South Main Street in Winter Garden Alternative Title 49 South Main Street Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Grocery stores--United States Supermarkets--United States Description The building at 49 South Main Street in Winter Garden, Florida. Evidence suggests that this commercial building was constructed around 1912 and was originally two stories high. In the 1920s, the second story was removed as a result of fire damage. It was once the Piggly Wiggly grocery store and later McCord's Feed Store. Research indicates that Luther Willis Tilden may have developed the building and that W. B. Burch and William Story published the town's newspaper, The Town Crier, from this building for a time. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Katherine Bowers, July 2014: <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color digital image, July 2014. Creator Bowers, Katherine Date Created 2014-07 Format image/jpg Extent 235 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Katherine Bowers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Bowers, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">About Us</a>." Piggly Wiggly. http://www.pigglywiggly.com/about-us. Coverage Piggly Wiggly, Winter Garden, Florida McCord's Feed Store, Winter Garden, Florida The Town Crier, Winter Garden, Florida Greener Gardens Feed & Garden, Winter Garden, Florida Transcript GREENLEAF[?] GARDENS FEED & GARDEN Bowers, Katherine Burch, W. B. feed stores groceries grocery store grocery stores Main Street McCord's Feed Store Piggly Wiggly Story, William supermarkets The Town Crier Tilden, Luther Willis Winter Garden https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/38980dce0b1a7056349929f761bd3ac7.JPG 25355cf0914b83c1c0d74e27e334f459 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Alternative Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Museums--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, located at 1 North Main Street in Winter Garden, Florida. This one-story masonry vernacular building was originally the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad depot. The earliest train depot on this site was a 16-by-20-foot small wooden shed built by farmers in 1893 so they could ship their produce to Jacksonville and St. Petersburg on the Orange Belt Railway. A second larger wooden terminal was built on the same site in 1906 by the Atlantic Coat Line Railroad. The current brick building was constructed around 1918. After the train depot closed around 1960, the building housed the Chamber of Commerce, then several other businesses. In 1998, Kay Chicone Ustler and Jerry Chicone Jr. donated $150,000 to the City of Winter Garden to purchase the building for use as a museum. The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation opened the museum one month later. The museum is still active and is open from 1-5 PM everyday, excluding holidays. Contributor <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, Winter Garden, Florida Accrual Method Donation Rights Holder Copyright to these resources are held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Edwards, Wynette. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48909411" target="_blank">Orlando and Orange County</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2001. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Home of Harry Bumby Alternative Title Bumby Home Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Housing--Florida Description The one-and-one-half-story bungalow is located at 205 North Lakeview Avenue in Winter Garden, Florida. Built in 1919, this structure historically associated with Henry "Harry" Edward Bumby (1870-1941), the developer of the subdivision in which it is located. In 1873, Bumby's father, Joseph, moved to Orlando, where he established a hardware store that became one of the largest of its kind in Central Florida. In addition to two stores in Orlando, Joseph opened a store in Winter Park and Winter Garden in 1917. The latter store was managed by his son, Harry. The house was sold after Harry Bumby's death to William Story in 1941. Later the house was owned by Tom and Mozelle Cox, owner of Tom Cox Men's Wear and Mozelle's Fashion Fair in Winter Garden. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Katherine Bowers, July 2014: <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color digital image, July 2014. Creator Bowers, Katherine Date Created 2014-07 Format image/jpg Extent 250 KB Medium 1 color digital image Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Katherine Bowers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Bowers, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Coverage Home of Harry Bumby, Winter Garden, Florida Home of William Story, Winter Garden, Florida Home of Tom and Mozelle Cox, Winter Garden, Florida Bowers, Katherine Bumby, Harry Bumby, Joseph bungalow bungalows Cox, Mozelle Cox, Tom Henry Edward Bumby homes houses housing Lakeview Avenue Mozelle's Fashion Fair Story, William Tom Cox Mean's Wear Winter Garden https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/adba227bfbd5040503c703de4ea7b105.JPG 68e3231ec5822261ef8e3637c61c621a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Alternative Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Museums--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, located at 1 North Main Street in Winter Garden, Florida. This one-story masonry vernacular building was originally the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad depot. The earliest train depot on this site was a 16-by-20-foot small wooden shed built by farmers in 1893 so they could ship their produce to Jacksonville and St. Petersburg on the Orange Belt Railway. A second larger wooden terminal was built on the same site in 1906 by the Atlantic Coat Line Railroad. The current brick building was constructed around 1918. After the train depot closed around 1960, the building housed the Chamber of Commerce, then several other businesses. In 1998, Kay Chicone Ustler and Jerry Chicone Jr. donated $150,000 to the City of Winter Garden to purchase the building for use as a museum. The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation opened the museum one month later. The museum is still active and is open from 1-5 PM everyday, excluding holidays. Contributor <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, Winter Garden, Florida Accrual Method Donation Rights Holder Copyright to these resources are held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Edwards, Wynette. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48909411" target="_blank">Orlando and Orange County</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2001. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Garden's Original Fire Station Alternative Title Winter Garden's Original Fire Station Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Fire departments--Florida Description Winter Garden's original fire station, located at 127 South Boyd Street, was built during the Great Depression with funds secured by Mayor George Walker from the Works Progress Administration (WPA). In order to apply to the WPA for funding, the mayor and Fire Chief Hoyle Pounds needed to submit plans and a rendering of the proposed building. Franklin Cappleman, a young college student at the time, had just completed an architectural drafting class at Georgia Institute of Technology and was recruited to draw up the plans. The building was constructed in 1938 according to his very amateur drawings, and it still stands today. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Katherine Bowers, July 2014: <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color digital image, July 2014. Creator Bowers, Katherine Date Created 2014-07 Format image/jpg Extent 201 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Katherine Bowers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Bowers, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. "<a href="http://livingnewdeal.berkeley.edu/projects/fire-station-winter-garden-fl/" target="_blank">Fire Station – Winter Garden FL</a>." The Living New Deal. http://livingnewdeal.berkeley.edu/projects/fire-station-winter-garden-fl/. Coverage Winter Garden Fire Station, Winter Garden, Florida Transcript 127 S Boyrd St Bowers, Katherine Boyd Street Cappelman, Franklin fire departments fire protection fire stations Pounds, Hoyle Walker, George Winter Garden Work Projects Administration Works Progress Administration WPA https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/2e2e5fc46d84c46af53aeaedbd4c8ead.jpg eeee7935df217881e15d845cc62fd25f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Alternative Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Museums--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, located at 1 North Main Street in Winter Garden, Florida. This one-story masonry vernacular building was originally the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad depot. The earliest train depot on this site was a 16-by-20-foot small wooden shed built by farmers in 1893 so they could ship their produce to Jacksonville and St. Petersburg on the Orange Belt Railway. A second larger wooden terminal was built on the same site in 1906 by the Atlantic Coat Line Railroad. The current brick building was constructed around 1918. After the train depot closed around 1960, the building housed the Chamber of Commerce, then several other businesses. In 1998, Kay Chicone Ustler and Jerry Chicone Jr. donated $150,000 to the City of Winter Garden to purchase the building for use as a museum. The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation opened the museum one month later. The museum is still active and is open from 1-5 PM everyday, excluding holidays. Contributor <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, Winter Garden, Florida Accrual Method Donation Rights Holder Copyright to these resources are held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Edwards, Wynette. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48909411" target="_blank">Orlando and Orange County</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2001. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Black Building Alternative Title Black Building Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Apartments--United States Housing--Florida Description The Black Building, located at 101-121 West Plant Street in Winter Garden, Florida. This two-story brick Masonry Vernacular commercial building was constructed in 1921 by a businessman and citrus grower from Clermont named Robert E. Black. It initially contained apartments on the second story and a series of stores on the first. Several physicians maintained offices on the second floor. As a result, it was often referred to as the Clinic Building. During the 1930s, the building accommodated the office of the Florida Public Service Company and the post office. Arnold's and later McCord's Feed Store occupied space on the first floor. Raymond Dickson operated a plumbing and electric business in this building for more than 25 years. The neon sign advertising his business is still present. Today, the building houses several local businesses. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Katherine Bowers, July 2014: <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color digital image, July 2014. Creator Bowers, Katherine Date Created 2014-07 Format image/jpg Extent 242 KB Medium 1 color digital image Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Economics Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Katherine Bowers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Bowers, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Coverage Black Building, Winter Garden, Florida Florida Public Service Company, Winter Garden, Florida Winter Garden Post Office, Winter Garden, Florida Transcript The Chef's Table Winter Garden [illegible] Shaw's Flowers Public Parking[?] City [illegible] GE APPLIANCES DICKSON'S WHEELWORKS Winter Garden N BOYD ST apartments Arnold's Black Building Black, Robert E. Bowers, Katherine Clinic Building Dickson, Raymond doctors electricians Florida Public Service Company homes housing McCord's Feed Store physicians Plant Street plumbers post offices Wheelworks Winter Garden https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b74a4732f4902d02f5cc3ef675bb946f.JPG d487391d585a35b134820908837dc1c1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Alternative Title Winter Garden Heritage Foundation Collection Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Museums--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records contributed by the Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, located at 1 North Main Street in Winter Garden, Florida. This one-story masonry vernacular building was originally the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad depot. The earliest train depot on this site was a 16-by-20-foot small wooden shed built by farmers in 1893 so they could ship their produce to Jacksonville and St. Petersburg on the Orange Belt Railway. A second larger wooden terminal was built on the same site in 1906 by the Atlantic Coat Line Railroad. The current brick building was constructed around 1918. After the train depot closed around 1960, the building housed the Chamber of Commerce, then several other businesses. In 1998, Kay Chicone Ustler and Jerry Chicone Jr. donated $150,000 to the City of Winter Garden to purchase the building for use as a museum. The Winter Garden Heritage Foundation opened the museum one month later. The museum is still active and is open from 1-5 PM everyday, excluding holidays. Contributor <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/46" target="_blank">Orange County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, Winter Garden, Florida Accrual Method Donation Rights Holder Copyright to these resources are held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and are provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Edwards, Wynette. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48909411" target="_blank">Orlando and Orange County</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2001. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color digital image Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Home of Harold E. and Gladys Hall Alternative Title Hall Home Subject Winter Garden (Fla.) Housing--Florida Description The residence located at 235 North Lakeview Avenue in the Bumby subdivision of Winter Garden Florida. Constructed around 1938, platted by Henry "Harry" Edward Bumby (1870-1941) in 1923, this building a classic example of the Tudor Revival-style of architecture. The home is usually associated with Harold E. Hall and Gladys Hall. Hall was in the citrus business and established the Hall Fertilizer Company, which later became Diamond R. The Orlando contractor, W. P. Murdock, who built this house, also built additional homes in Winter Garden prior to World War II. Jim Cloughy, who worked as an accountant for R. D. Keene, lived with his wife and family in this home later. This is one of the few homes in the area with a basement. Type Still Image Source Original color digital image by Katherine Bowers, July 2014: <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a>, Winter Garden, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/105" target="_blank">Winter Garden Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color digital image, July 2014. Creator Bowers, Katherine Date Created 2014-07 Format image/jpg Extent 24.3 KB Medium 1 color digital image Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Katherine Bowers. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> Curator Bowers, Katherine Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.wghf.org/" target="_blank">Winter Garden Heritage Foundation</a> External Reference Cappleman, Kay, and Rod Reeves. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/651031169" target="_blank">Sundays in the South: Touring West Orange County</a>. Winter Garden, FL: Winter Garden Heritage Foundation, 2009. "<a href="http://www.cwgdn.com/" target="_blank">Welcome</a>." City of Winter Garden. http://www.cwgdn.com/. Winter Garden Heritage Foundation. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39368776" target="_blank">All Aboard!: A Journey Through Historic Winter Garden, 1880-1950</a>. Winter Garden, FL: The Foundation, 1997. Coverage Home of Harold E. and Gladys Hall, Winter Garden, Florida Bowers, Katherine Bumby, H. E. Cloughy, Jim Diamond R Hall Fertilizer Company Hall, Gladys Hall, Harold E. homes houses housing Keene, R. D. Lakeview Avenue Murdock, W. P. Tudor Revival architecture Winter Garden https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a8858b4907f5cfae0036b764a4a6bea2.jpg 0f2343c70bb6dac953b56948f45c8163 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Seminole County Public Schools Collection Alternative Title SCPS Collection Subject Seminole County (Fla.) Schools High schools--Florida Elementary schools Grammar schools Middle schools--Florida Education--Florida Teachers--Florida Educators--Florida Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the educational history of Seminole County, Florida. Items from this collection are donated by the Student Museum and UCF Public History Center. The Student Museum has collaborated with the University of Central Florida and established the UCF Public History Center (PHC). All of the Student Museum's collections are presently housed at the PHC. The goal of the PHC is to promote access to history through ground-breaking research connecting local to global, provide cutting-edge hands-on educational programs for students and visitors, and to engage the community in contributing to and learning from history. Contributor <a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a> <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> Has Part <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/31" target="_blank">Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Cameron City, Sanford, Florida Crooms Academy, Goldsoboro, Sanford, Florida Chuluota Primary School, Chuluota, Florida East Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Forest City School, Forest City, Altamonte Springs, Florida Fort Reed, Sanford, Florida Gabriella Colored School, Gabriella, Oviedo, Florida Geneva Colored School, Geneva, Florida Geneva Elementary, Geneva, Florida Georgetown, Sanford, Florida Goldsboro Primary School, Goldsboro, Sanford, Florida Hungerford School, Florida Kolokee, Geneva, Florida Lake Howell High School, Winter Park, Florida Lake Mary School, Lake Mary, Florida Lake Monroe Colored School, Lake Monroe, Sanford, Florida Longwood School, Longwood, Florida Lyman High School, Longwood, Florida Lyman Elementary School, Longwood, Florida Midway, Sanford, Florida Osceola School, Osceola, Geneva, Florida Oviedo Colored School, Curryville, Oviedo, Florida Oviedo High School, Oviedo, Florida Oviedo School, Oviedo, Florida Paola, Florida Sanford Grammar School, Sanford, Florida Sanford High School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Junior High School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Middle School, Sanford, Florida Sanford Primary School, Sanford, Florida Seminole County Public Schools, Sanford, Florida Seminole High School, Sanford, Florida South Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Student Museum, Sanford, Florida UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida Wagner Colored School, Florida Westside Grammar Elementary School, Sanford, Florida West Side Primary School, Sanford, Florida Wilson School, Altamonte Springs, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. Accrual Method Donation Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Elizabeth Boyd's Experiences as Itinerant Librarian at Sanford Grammar School Alternative Title Librarian at Sanford Grammar School Subject Sanford (Fla.) Education--Florida Schools Libraries--Florida Description Elizabeth Boyd's experiences as the school librarian at Sanford Grammar School from 1961 to 1965. Boyd was hired by the Seminole County School Board in 1961 when the Florida Legislature passed legislation requiring that every public school have a library and a librarian. As an itinerant librarian, Boyd spent half of her work week at Sanford Grammar School and the other half at Southside Elementary School. In 1965, she resigned and accepted a new position as head librarian at Seminole High School. Originally established as Sanford High School, the main building was constructed at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on the corner of East Ninth Street and South Palmetto Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. After a desperate need for an addition to the school developed, the city granted the school $75,000. The school's lunchroom was opened on October 10, 1921, after months of fundraising efforts hosted by the Woman's Club. In November 23, 1984, the main school building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. However, despite objections from the community, the lunchroom was demolished on September 25, 2008. The main school building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012. Type Text Source Original 1-page manuscript by Elizabeth Boyd: Sanford Grammar Collection, Archives Box 4B, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. Is Part Of Sanford Grammar Collection, Archives Box 4B, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/73" target="_blank">Seminole County Public Schools Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 1-page manuscript by Elizabeth Boyd. Coverage Sanford Grammar School, Sanford, Florida Seminole High School, Sanford, Florida Creator Boyd, Elizabeth Format image/jpg Extent 320 KB Medium 1-page manuscript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"> RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">Public History Center</a>"." Public History Center, University of Central Florida. http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/. Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank">Sanford</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003. "<a href="http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Student Museum</a>." Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.scps.k12.fl.us/studentmuseum/Home.aspx. elementary schools Elizabeth Boyd Florida Legislature Florida State College for Women Freeman Baggett FSCW grammar schools head librarians itinerant librarians libraries library Rollins College Sanford Sanford Grammar School Seminole County School Board Seminole High School Southside Elementary School Stetson University teachers UF University of Florida University of South Florida USF Westside Grammar Elementary School https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/8df5404d24a918519854ccebacc075a4.pdf a20bb503a446ea6119582d59a0a990b4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lucile Campbell Collection Alternative Title Campbell Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Teachers--Florida Educators--Florida Description This collection features postcards kept by Lucile Campbell, a schoolteacher in Sanford, Florida, for 30 years. Campbell collected postcards from her travels around the world and used them as teaching aids in her classrooms. In 1931, she took advantage of a special rate for teachers and sailed to Europe, where she traveled for several months and is thought to have acquired many of these postcards. Contributor Campbell, Lucille <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center/Student Museum</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Raffel, Sara Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center/Student Museum</a> Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color postcard Physical Dimensions 3 x 5 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Delaware River Bridge Connecting Philadelphia, PA. and Camden, N.J. Postcard Alternative Title Delaware River Bridge Postcard Subject Bridges--United States Rivers--United States Description A postcard depicting an aerial view of the Delaware River Bridge that connects Camden, New Jersey, to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The bridge opened in 1926 and is now known as the Benjamin Franklin Bridge. The bridge is one of the largest suspension bridges in the world. A plant for the RCA Victor Company, which produced electronics, can be seen in the bottom right corner. This postcard is part of a collection of postcards kept by Lucile Campbell, a schoolteacher in Sanford, Florida, for 30 years. In 1931, she took advantage of a special rate for teachers and sailed to Europe, where she traveled for several months and is thought to have acquired many of these postcards. During the 1940-1941 school year, Campbell taught at Sanford Grammar School. Before her retirement in 1970, she taught at many other area schools, including the Oviedo School, Westside Grammar School, and Pinecrest Elementary School. Campbell used these postcards as aids in her classrooms to teach advanced subjects, such as Shakespearean drama. The collection, along with her other teaching aids, papers, and photographs, was later found at Sanford Grammar School after it became the University of Central Florida's Public History Center. Campbell's postcard collection and photographs provide insight into the life of a respected Florida educator. Type Still Image Source Original 3 x 5 inch color postcard by Boyder: ACC# SM-00-243, file folder 1 (U.S. blanks), box 10A, Lucile (Mary Lucile) Campbell Collection, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of File folder 1 (U.S. blanks), box 10A, Lucile (Mary Lucile) Campbell Collection, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/151" target="_blank">Lucile Campbell Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 3 x 5 inch color postcard by Boyder. Coverage Benjamin Franklin Bridge, Delaware River Creator Boyder Publisher Curt Teich and Company Contributor Campbell, Lucile Date Created ca. 1958-1978 Date Copyrighted ca. 1958-1978 Format application/pdf Extent 363 KB Medium 3 x 5 inch color postcard Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Boyder published by Curt Teich and Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Aphasia Project Curator Raffel, Sara Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.drpa.org/bridges/bridges_bf.html" target="_blank">Ben Franklin Bridge</a>." Delaware River Port Authority. http://www.drpa.org/bridges/bridges_bf.html. Ben Franklin Ben Franklin Bridge Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin Bridge bridges Camden, New Jersey Delaware River Delaware River Bridge factories factory Main Piers memorials Philadelphia, Pennsylvania plants RCA Victor Company rivers roads https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/d9685280c6b6061ea75c051b76d4e61e.pdf 2bbdc9ab2ef564d55f6635c3b5b178f0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Lucile Campbell Collection Alternative Title Campbell Collection Subject Sanford (Fla.) Teachers--Florida Educators--Florida Description This collection features postcards kept by Lucile Campbell, a schoolteacher in Sanford, Florida, for 30 years. Campbell collected postcards from her travels around the world and used them as teaching aids in her classrooms. In 1931, she took advantage of a special rate for teachers and sailed to Europe, where she traveled for several months and is thought to have acquired many of these postcards. Contributor Campbell, Lucille <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center/Student Museum</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Raffel, Sara Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center/Student Museum</a> Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 color postcard Physical Dimensions 3 x 5 inches Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Airplane View of Business Section Looking West on Market Street Postcard Alternative Title Market Street Postcard Subject Markets--United States Description A postcard depicting an airplane view of Market Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Also serving as part of Pennsylvania Route 3 (PA 3), Market Street is a major business district in Philadelphia, with many historic sites along its eastern section, including the home of Benjamin Franklin (ca. 1705-1790) and the site where Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) drafted of the Declaration of Independence. For this reason, it is considered one of the most historic highways in America. This postcard is part of a collection of postcards kept by Lucile Campbell, a schoolteacher in Sanford, Florida, for 30 years. In 1931, she took advantage of a special rate for teachers and sailed to Europe, where she traveled for several months and is thought to have acquired many of these postcards. During the 1940-1941 school year, Campbell taught at Sanford Grammar School. Before her retirement in 1970, she taught at many other area schools, including the Oviedo School, Westside Grammar School, and Pinecrest Elementary School. Campbell used these postcards as aids in her classrooms to teach advanced subjects, such as Shakespearean drama. The collection, along with her other teaching aids, papers, and photographs, was later found at Sanford Grammar School after it became the University of Central Florida's Public History Center. Campbell's postcard collection and photographs provide insight into the life of a respected Florida educator. Type Still Image Source Original 3 x 5 inch color postcard: ACC# SM-00-243, file folder 1 (U.S. blanks), box 10A, Lucile (Mary Lucile) Campbell Collection, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. Requires <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/reader.html" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of File folder 1 (U.S. blanks), box 10A, Lucile (Mary Lucile) Campbell Collection, <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a>, Sanford, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/151" target="_blank">Lucile Campbell Collection</a>, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original 3 x 5 inch color postcard. Coverage Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Creator Boyer, Lynn H. Publisher Curt Teich and Company Contributor Aero Service Corporation Campbell, Lucile Date Created ca. 1930-1939 Date Copyrighted ca. 1930-1939 Format application/pdf Extent 370 KB Medium 3 x 5 inch color postcard Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created by Lynn H. Boyer and published by Curt Teich and Company. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Aphasia Project Curator Raffel, Sara Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.publichistorycenter.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">UCF Public History Center/Student Museum</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.ushistory.org/philadelphia/street_market.htm" target="_blank">PMarket Street</a>." ushistory.org. http://www.ushistory.org/philadelphia/street_market.htm. Downtown Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Market Street PA 3 Pennsylvania Route 3 Philadelphia Saving Fund Society Philadelphia Savings Fund Society Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PSFS https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/24204d4d11a83510bad702fabed6896d.jpg 22f138f690520bba79f5f6c62bf4c61e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Central Florida Railroad Depots Collection Alternative Title Central Florida Railroad Depots Collection Subject Railroad depots Railroad stations--Florida Railroads--Florida Apopka (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Ocala (Fla.) Port Orange (Fla.) Lake Wales (Fla.) Avon Park (Fla.) Mount Dora (Fla.) Punta Gorda (Fla.) Sanford (Fla.) Kissimmee (Fla.) Oviedo (Fla.) Language eng Type Collection Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the various railroad depots and railroad stations in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Contributor Bronson, Kelly Campbell, Tyler Clemente, Chris Connolly, Lehman Covington, Adrian Gray, Mark Lester, Connie L. Mercado, Carlos R. Moore, Samantha Santos, Marina Simons, Nicholas Smalls, Eric Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/77" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a>. Coverage Amtrak Seaboard Coast Line Railroad Station, Orlando, Florida Apopka Seaboard Air Line Railway Depot, Apopka, Florida Avon Park Depot Museum, Avon Park, Florida Avon Park Seaboard Air Line Depot, Avon Park, Florida Avon Park Atlantic Coast Line Train Station, Avon Park, Florida Church Street Station, Orlando, Florida Fort Pierce Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Depot, Fort Pierce, Florida Fort Pierce Florida East Coast Railway Company Depot, Fort Pierce, Florida Kissimmee Railroad Station, Kissimmee, Florida Lake Wales Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Depot, Lake Wales, Florida Lake Wales Depot Museum, Lake Wales, Florida Mount Dora Train Station, Mount Dora, Florida Ocala Union Station, Ocala, Florida Orlando Railroad Depot, Orlando, Florida Oviedo Train Depot, Oviedo, Florida Port Orange Train Station, Port Orange, Florida Punta Gorda Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Depot, Punta Gorda, Florida Sanford Atlantic Coast Line Depot, Sanford, Florida Sanford South Florida Railroad, Sanford, Florida St. Lucie County Regional History Center, Fort Pierce, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=525" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s American Economic History Undergraduate Class, Spring 2014 External Reference Mulligan, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/225874809" target="_blank">Railroad Depots of Central Florida</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2008. Turner, Gregg M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/184906141" target="_blank">A Journey into Florida Railroad History</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2008. Murdock, R. Ken. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38291666" target="_blank">Outline History of Central Florida Railroads</a>. Winter Garden, Fla: Central Florida Chapter, National Railway Historical Society, 1997. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 25: The Railways of Central Florida</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Church Street Station, 2007 Alternative Title Church Street Station Subject Orlando (Fla.) Railroads--Florida Description The Old Orlando Railroad Depot, located at 127 West Church Street in Orlando, Florida, in 2007. The station was first constructed in 1880 connecting Orlando to Sanford. After the railroad was bought up by the Plant System in 1883 from the South Florida Railroad, it was extended to Tampa. This brought a large boom to Orlando's economy shipping cattle and lumber, but chiefly citrus. By 1926, the depot was becoming too small for the volume of trade going through, so the depot was moved south to what is today the Amtrak Station. The depot became run down until the mid-1970s when Church Street Station opened up around the depot and stayed open until the early 2000s. Now the station is used as a stop along the SunRail Tram system. Type Still Image Source <a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Orlando_Railroad_Depot05.jpg" target="_blank">Original color photograph</a> by John Bradley, April 21, 2007: Wikimedia Commons. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/97" target="_blank">Central Florida Railroad Depots Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Church Street Station, Downtown Orlando, Florida Creator Bradley, John Publisher <a target="_blank">Wikimedia Commons</a> Contributor Owen, Christopher Date Created 2007-04-21 Format image/jpg Extent 204 KB Medium 1 color photograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Geography Teacher Provenance Originally created and owned by John Bradley. Rights Holder Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Free_Documentation_License" target="_blank">GNU Free Documentation License</a>, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Free_Software_Foundation" target="_blank">Free Software Foundation</a> with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. This file is licensed under the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Creative_Commons" target="_blank">Creative Commons</a> <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en" target="_blank">Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported</a> license. You are free: <ul><li>to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work</li> <li>to remix – to adapt the work</li> </ul> Under the following conditions: <ul><li>attribution – You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work).</li> <li>share alike – If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one.</li> </ul> This licensing tag was added to this file as part of the GFDL licensing update. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=525" target="_blank">Dr. Connie L. Lester</a>'s American Economic History Undergraduate Class, Spring 2014 Curator Covington, Adrian Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a target="_blank">Central Florida Memory</a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/" target="_blank">University of Central Florida, Special Collections and University Archives</a> External Reference Mulligan, Michael. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/225874809" target="_blank">Railroad Depots of Central Florida</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2008. Turner, Gregg M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/184906141" target="_blank">A Journey into Florida Railroad History</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2008. Turner, Gregg M. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52260683" target="_blank">A Short History of Florida Railroads</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Pub, 2003. Antequino, Stephanie Gaub, and Tana Mosier Porter. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783150094" target="_blank">Lost Orlando</a>. Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Pub, 2012. "<a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf" target="_blank">Downtown Orlando Historic District Walking Tour</a>." City of Orlando. http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/Links/wtour.pdf. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Murdock, R. Ken. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38291666" target="_blank">Outline History of Central Florida Railroads</a>. Winter Garden, Fla: Central Florida Chapter, National Railway Historical Society, 1997. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477" target="_blank">RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 25: The Railways of Central Florida</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2477. Transcript SUNTRUST[?] CHURCH STREET STATION TRAIN 3749 Zotero University RRD00012.jpg Bradley, John Church Street Church Street Station Downtown Orlando orlando Orlando and Winter Park Railway railroad depots railroad stations railroads SFR South Florida Railroad Company Tavares, Orlando and Atlantic Railroad https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4efecdb9e40059c4b91d1058ac28990d.pdf 1d5bf23bb21540da64d941aef3696fdf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hillcrest Elementary School Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools Education--Florida Description Hillcrest Elementary School is one of Orlando’s oldest schools, opening in 1923. Since the 1980s, it has had a vibrant foreign language component and today it continues that tradition through the Orange County Public Schools Foreign Language Academy. Curator Padfield Narayan, Abigail Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Culinary Confessions of the PTA Divas: Stylish Recipes and Saucy Secrets for the Everyday Gourmet Alternative Title Culinary Confessions of the PTA Divas Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools Education--Florida Cookbooks Description A cookbook created by Anne-Marie Hodges and Pam Brandon, who were members of the Parent Teacher Association (PTA) at Hillcrest Elementary School. Hodges and Brandon began cooking and hosting dinners for teachers and the families of students. With encouragement and requests for their culinary creations, the cookbook was born. Hillcrest Elementary School is one of Orlando’s oldest schools, opening in 1923. Since the 1980s, it has had a vibrant foreign language component and today it continues that tradition through the Orange County Public Schools Foreign Language Academy. Type Still Images Source Original color cookbook: Private Collection of Pam Brandon Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/212" target="_blank">Hillcrest Elementary Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color cookbook. Coverage Hillcrest Elementary School, Orlando Florida Creator Brandon, Pam Hodges, Anne-Marie Publisher <a href="https://www.menasharidge.com/home.php" target="_blank">Menasha Ridge Press</a> Date Created ca. 2005 Date Copyrighted ca. 2005 Extent 31.8 MB Medium 1 color cookbook Language eng Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://www.menasharidge.com/home.php" target="_blank">Menasha Ridge Press</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Padfield Narayan, Abigail Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Pam Brandon External Reference Narayan, Abigail Padfield. Interview with Pam Brandon. Orlando, Florida, March 2018. "About Us." Orange County Public Schools: Hillcrest. https://hillcrestes.ocps.net/school_information/about_us (accessed March 31, 2018). Hodges, Anne-Marie and Brandon, Pam. Culinary Confessions of the PTA Divas: Stylish Recipes and Saucy Secrets for the Everyday Gourmet. Canada: Menasha Ridge Press, 2005. Anne-Marie Hodges cookbook cooking Culinary Confessions of the PTA Divas: Stylish Recipes and Saucy Secrets for the Everyday Gourmet Hillcrest Elementary School OCPS Orange County Public Schools Pam Brandon Parent Teacher Association PTA PTA Divas recipes https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/c23d036ea45f062a6e5cc584f8924367.jpg d7ac4eb9dcc2492a2d43e04dc6646c8c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hillcrest Elementary School Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools Education--Florida Description Hillcrest Elementary School is one of Orlando’s oldest schools, opening in 1923. Since the 1980s, it has had a vibrant foreign language component and today it continues that tradition through the Orange County Public Schools Foreign Language Academy. Curator Padfield Narayan, Abigail Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Pam Brandon and Anne-Marie Hodges Alternative Title Brandon and Hodges Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools Education--Florida Description Pam Brandon and Anne-Marie Hodge dressed in 1950s and 1960s costumes. The photograph was taken in the kitchen at a Parent Teacher Association (PTA)-sponsored event for Hillcrest Elementary School. Hillcrest Elementary School is one of Orlando’s oldest schools, opening in 1923. Since the 1980s, it has had a vibrant foreign language component and today it continues that tradition through the Orange County Public Schools Foreign Language Academy. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph: Private Collection of Pam Brandon Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/212" target="_blank">Hillcrest Elementary Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph. Coverage Hillcrest Elementary School, Orlando Florida Creator Brandon, Steven Date Created ca. 2000 Date Copyrighted ca. 2000 Extent 3.06 MB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Steven Brandon and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Padfield Narayan, Abigail Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Pam Brandon External Reference Narayan, Abigail Padfield. Interview with Pam Brandon. Orlando, Florida, March 2018. "About Us." Orange County Public Schools: Hillcrest. https://hillcrestes.ocps.net/school_information/about_us (accessed March 31, 2018). Anne-Marie Hodges Hillcrest Elementary School OCPS Orange County Public Schools Pam Brandon Parent Teacher Association PTA PTA Divas https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/758baf8eb1a0cb77d0a424cff4ab92bf.jpg 693bc30e5deb13c9f81cd2af129348c3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hillcrest Elementary School Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools Education--Florida Description Hillcrest Elementary School is one of Orlando’s oldest schools, opening in 1923. Since the 1980s, it has had a vibrant foreign language component and today it continues that tradition through the Orange County Public Schools Foreign Language Academy. Curator Padfield Narayan, Abigail Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title PTA Divas in Costume Alternative Title PTA Divas Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools Education--Florida Description Members of the Hillcrest Elementary School Parent Teacher Association (PTA) dressed in 1950s and 1960s costumes and holding culinary goods. The "PTA Divas" would dress up in costumes and serve dinner to faculty, staff, students, and their families to raise money for the PTA. Hillcrest Elementary School is one of Orlando’s oldest schools, opening in 1923. Since the 1980s, it has had a vibrant foreign language component and today it continues that tradition through the Orange County Public Schools Foreign Language Academy. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph: Private Collection of Pam Brandon Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/212" target="_blank">Hillcrest Elementary Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph. Coverage Hillcrest Elementary School, Orlando Florida Creator Brandon, Steven Date Created ca. 2000 Date Copyrighted ca. 2000 Extent 2.91 MB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Steven Brandon and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Padfield Narayan, Abigail Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Pam Brandon External Reference Narayan, Abigail Padfield. Interview with Pam Brandon. Orlando, Florida, March 2018. "About Us." Orange County Public Schools: Hillcrest. https://hillcrestes.ocps.net/school_information/about_us (accessed March 31, 2018). Hodges, Anne-Marie and Brandon, Pam. Culinary Confessions of the PTA Divas: Stylish Recipes and Saucy Secrets for the Everyday Gourmet. Canada: Menasha Ridge Press, 2005. Hillcrest Elementary School OCPS Orange County Public Schools Parent Teacher Association PTA PTA Divas https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/75468a7cd7ae684f8103984b70fbc715.jpg a6ee121cee53022e5fb8385f28fd58f1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hillcrest Elementary School Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools Education--Florida Description Hillcrest Elementary School is one of Orlando’s oldest schools, opening in 1923. Since the 1980s, it has had a vibrant foreign language component and today it continues that tradition through the Orange County Public Schools Foreign Language Academy. Curator Padfield Narayan, Abigail Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title PTA Divas Dinner Alternative Title PTA Divas Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools Education--Florida Description Members of the Hillcrest Elementary School Parent Teacher Association (PTA) wearing cooking aprons. The "PTA Divas" would dress up in costumes and serve dinner to faculty, staff, students, and their families to raise money for the PTA. Hillcrest Elementary School is one of Orlando’s oldest schools, opening in 1923. Since the 1980s, it has had a vibrant foreign language component and today it continues that tradition through the Orange County Public Schools Foreign Language Academy. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph: Private Collection of Pam Brandon Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/212" target="_blank">Hillcrest Elementary Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph. Coverage Winter Park, Florida Creator Brandon, Steven Date Created ca. 2000 Date Copyrighted ca. 2000 Extent 2.81 MB Medium 1 color photograph Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Steven Brandon and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Padfield Narayan, Abigail Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Pam Brandon External Reference Narayan, Abigail Padfield. Interview with Pam Brandon. Orlando, Florida, March 2018. "About Us." Orange County Public Schools: Hillcrest. https://hillcrestes.ocps.net/school_information/about_us (accessed March 31, 2018). Hodges, Anne-Marie and Brandon, Pam. Culinary Confessions of the PTA Divas: Stylish Recipes and Saucy Secrets for the Everyday Gourmet. Canada: Menasha Ridge Press, 2005. Hillcrest Elementary School OCPS Orange County Public Schools Parent Teacher Association PTA PTA Divas https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/b86043aef25c1fc182943ee94d20051a.jpg f6b4ee23bf399c34a05913cbab396e0c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Hillcrest Elementary School Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools Education--Florida Description Hillcrest Elementary School is one of Orlando’s oldest schools, opening in 1923. Since the 1980s, it has had a vibrant foreign language component and today it continues that tradition through the Orange County Public Schools Foreign Language Academy. Curator Padfield Narayan, Abigail Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Grandparents Day at Hillcrest Elementary School Alternative Title National Grandparents Day Subject Orlando (Fla.) Schools Education--Florida Description A student from Hillcrest Elementary School sitting with two women and a man in front of a homemade banner. The Parent Teacher Association (PTA) hosted an event for National Grandparents Day, where students' families visited the school. Hillcrest Elementary School is one of Orlando’s oldest schools, opening in 1923. Since the 1980s, it has had a vibrant foreign language component and today it continues that tradition through the Orange County Public Schools Foreign Language Academy. Type Still Image Source Original color photograph: Private Collection of Pam Brandon Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/212" target="_blank">Hillcrest Elementary Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of original color photograph. Coverage Hillcrest Elementary School, Orlando Florida Creator Brandon, Steven Date Created ca. 2000-09 Date Copyrighted ca. 2000-09 Extent 2.96 MB Medium 1 color photograph Language eng Mediator History Teacher Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by Steven Brandon and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Padfield Narayan, Abigail Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Pam Brandon External Reference Narayan, Abigail Padfield. Interview with Pam Brandon. Orlando, Florida, March 2018. "About Us." Orange County Public Schools: Hillcrest. https://hillcrestes.ocps.net/school_information/about_us (accessed March 31, 2018). Hillcrest Elementary School National Grandparents Day OCPS Orange County Public Schools Parent Teacher Association PTA PTA Divas https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/96cb4c87de81ed452bd113cc8ef834c4.jpg 771469204ac40006617bc5a8facf0943 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/06969064dfa33054c6ce3f809077bdec.jpg f4db91de2508282a890d3f7e01c4fc80 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Rock Collection Alternative Title Rock Collection Subject Music--United States Rock music--United States Lakeland (Fla.) Maitland (Fla.) Orlando (Fla.) Description Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around. Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock. Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music. Contributor Knickerbocker, Carl Wahl, Julie Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank">Central Florida Music History Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Type Collection Coverage Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference Altschuler, Glenn C. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank">All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. Fisher, Marc. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank">Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</a>. New York: Random House, 2007. Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank">The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s</a>. New York: Haworth Press, 1999. Language eng Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 2 color digital images Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title The Who Local Crew T-Shirt Alternative Title The Who T-Shirt Subject Who (Musical group) Tampa (Fla.) Concerts--United States Music--Florida Rock music--United States Description A local crew t-shirt for the Who’s 2006-2007 tour. The Who is an English rock band that are considered to be one of the greatest musical influences in rock music of the 20th century. Formed in 1964, they have gone on to sell over 100 million albums and continue to be one of the highest grossing touring bands of all time. The band’s 2006-2007 tour was in support of their album, Endless Wire, and was their first worldwide concert tour since 1997. The lineup for the tour included Roger Daltrey on vocals, Pete Townshend on guitar and vocals, Brian Kehew on keyboard, Pino Palladino on bass, Zak Starkey on drums, and Simon Townshend on guitar and vocals. The shirt was donated by Mick Dolan, who was a local crew member for the band’s show at the Ford Amphitheatre, located at 4802 North US Highway 301 in Tampa, Florida, on March 25, 2007. The show initially occurred on March 13, but abruptly ended when Daltrey was unable to sing due to a respiratory infection. Townshend stopped the band and apologized to the crowd, and the band’s manager, Bill Curbishley, rescheduled the show. There were 9,500 in attendance, and the supporting act was Rose Hill Drive. Type Physical Object Source Original color digital images: Private Collection of Mick Dolan. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank">Rock Collection</a>, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Ford Amphitheatre, Tampa, Florida Creator Bravado Merchandising Date Created ca. 2006 Format image/jpg Extent 300 KB 137 KB Medium 2 color digital images Language eng Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Music Teacher Provenance Originally created by Bravado Merchandising. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://thewho.com/" target="_blank">The Who</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Curator Cravero, Geoffrey Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Private Collection of Mick Dolan External Reference Marsh, Dave. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/9555496" target="_blank">Before I Get Old: The Story of the Who</a>. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1983. Parker, Alan G. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/660635450" target="_blank">The Who By Numbers: The Story of the Who Through Their Music</a>. Helter Skelter Publishing, 2010. "<a href="http://www.thewholive.net/concert/index.php?GroupID=1&id=1709&Jahr=2007" target="_blank">The Who Concert Guide</a>." The WhoLive.net. http://www.thewholive.net/concert/index.php?GroupID=1&id=1709&Jahr=2007 (accessed November 12, 2015). Ross, Curtis. "<a href="http://www.thewholive.net/review/index.php?showid=1709&reviewid=328&GroupID=1" target="_blank">The Who Make Howling Return To Tampa</a>." Tampa Tribune (March 26, 2007). http://www.thewholive.net/review/index.php?showid=1709&reviewid=328&GroupID=1. 1-800-ASK-GARY Amphitheatre Bravado Merchandising Brian Kehew British concerts crews Endless Wire Ford Amphitheatre Giuseppe Henry Palladino hard rock Live Nation Amphitheatre Mick Dolan MidFlorida Credit Union Amphitheatre music Pete Townshend Peter Dennis Blandford Townshend Pino Palladino punk road crews roadies roady rock rock music Roger Daltrey Roger Harry Daltrey shirts Simon Townshend t-shirts Tampa The Who tours uniform Zak Richard Starkey Zak Starkey https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/8099dc08a5a97f95eb0b4484110e5b94.jpg a64e1b8c58e7f30dc9518fd662a43a15 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Friends of Lake Apopka Collection Alternative Title FOLA Collection Subject Lake Apopka (Fla.) Water quality--Florida Pollution--Florida Description The Friends of Lake Apopka (FOLA) is a citizen advocacy group with the mission of restoring Lake Apopka in Orange County and Lake County, Florida. Due to poor farming practices along its shores, Lake Apopka has become one of the largest polluted lakes in Florida. This collection features various archival items related to the restoration of the lake. Contributor <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Lake Apopka, Florida Florida Game and Fresh Water Commission, Tallahassee, Florida Oakland, Florida Orlando, Florida Saint Johns River, Florida Winter Garden, Florida Winter Haven, Florida Zellwood, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Curator Cepero, Laura King, Joshua Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Our Mission & Purpose</a>." Friends of Lake Apopka. http://www.fola.org/. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from William A. Breeze to Gary I. Sharp (February 11, 1975) Alternative Title Letter from Breeze to Sharp (February 11, 1975) Subject Lake Apopka (Fla.) Environmental protection--Florida Parks--Florida Springs--Florida Description A letter from William A. Breeze, president of the West Orange Chamber of Commerce, to Gary I. Sharp, dated February 11, 1975. In this letter, Breeze discusses the potential use of the Gourd Neck Springs area for a recreational park. Breeze states that the chamber, along with the Orlando Area Chamber of Commerce, co-sponsored a meeting of interested persons and state officials to discuss environmental restoration in the Ocklawaha Basin, including Lake Apopka. In this meeting, Breeze states it was agreed that the Gourd Neck Springs area should be restored for use as a park. The letter also states that due the area's current state of segmented private ownership, the land needs to be purchased by either the State of Florida or the federal government before use as a park. Gourd Neck Springs is a small spring located in the southwest portion of Lake Apopka, in a small cove called “Gourd Neck” due to its distinctive shape. This area of the lake was considered in the 1960s as a potential nursery for fish. The Lake Apopka Technical Committee explored damming the Gourd Neck, separating it from the lake and preventing polluted lake water from entering, but these plans did not materialize. Efforts were also made in the 1960s to have the Gourd Neck area purchased by the State of Florida for use as a public park. The Gourd Neck Springs Park Association was formed in 1961 to study the site’s potential for a park and lobby for support from legislators. The land bordering the area was privately-owned by various individuals. One of these, Gary I. Sharp, continued seeking support for a park into the 1970s. While the project received support from Florida legislators and environmentalists, the land was never purchased by the state. Type Text Source Photocopy of original 1-page typewritten letter from William A. Breeze to Gary I. Sharp, February 11, 1975: binder 1975, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>, Oakland, Florida. Is Part Of Binder 1975, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a>, Oakland, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/153" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of photocopied 1-page typewritten letter from William A. Breeze to Gary I. Sharp, February 11, 1975. Coverage Gourd Neck Springs, Lake Apopka, Florida West Orange Chamber of Commerce, Winter Garden, Florida Orlando Area Chamber of Commerce, Orlando, Florida Creator Breeze, William A. Date Created 1975-02-11 Format image/jpg Extent 261 KB Medium 1-page typewritten letter West Orange Chamber of Commerce letterhead Language eng Mediator History Teacher Provenance Originally created by William A. Breeze. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.fola.org/" target="_blank">Friends of Lake Apopka</a> Curator King, Joshua Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.oaktownusa.com/Pages/Preserve/index" target="_blank">Oakland Nature Preserve</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.lake.wateratlas.usf.edu/resource.aspx?wbodyid=8500" target="_blank">Apopka Spring</a>." Lake County Water Atlas. Accessed June 08, 2016. http://www.lake.wateratlas.usf.edu/resource.aspx?wbodyid=8500. Campbell, Ramsey. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1995-04-23/news/9504220188_1_lake-apopka-spring-water-bottled-water" target="_blank">Source of Surprise: Crystal Clear Water from Lake Apopka</a>." The Sentinel Star, April 23, 1995. Accessed June 8, 2016. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1995-04-23/news/9504220188_1_lake-apopka-spring-water-bottled-water. "<a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/6858" target="_blank">Letter from Arthur W. Sinclair to C. W. Sheffield (December 22, 1967)</a>." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/6858. Al Ewing Al Ewing Ford, Inc. B. L. Cobia B. L. Cobia, Inc. Breeze Real Estate D. E. Duppenthaler Dal Duppenthaler E.L. Johnson, Jr. Edwin H. Pounds First State Bank of Winter Garden Florida Power Corporation Gary I. Sharp George R. Bailey, Jr. Gourd Neck Springs H.M. Bowness, Inc. Hartle M. Bowness Hartzog & Vick, Inc. Joe Valdes Lake Apopka Mervin Lee Modern Stationery, Inc. Orange Federal Savings & Loan Association Orlando Area Chamber of Commerce public parks Robert C. Allen Roper Bros., Inc. springs Walt Disney World Waymon L. Jones West Orange Chamber of Commerce West Orange Industries William A. Breeze William D. Hartzog Winter Garden Times https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/9c48f033111a88a852cc110f141669eb.jpg 258be8b471fc8c1b7f3c71568c22d341 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Orlando Regions Bank Collection Alternative Title Regions Bank Collection Subject Orlando (Fla.) Churches--Florida Banks and banking--Florida Description Historic artifacts from an exhibit created by Orlando Remembered at the Regions Bank building, located at 111-113 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida. The Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc. was created to "showcase artistic renderings of the time depicted, with artifacts and historical memorabilia from the location in an effort to preserve the memory of Orlando's history while acknowledging the potential of the City's future." The exhibit at Regions Bank memorializes several businesses and churches located around the Sears, Roebuck & Company building (now the Regions Bank building), including Frigidaire, the Cathedral of St. Luke, St. James Catholic Church, Denmark's Sporting Goods, Kiddie Korner, Main Street Market, Associated Radio Store, and Gibbs-Louis, Inc. The exhibit was designed by Bob Buck and the artwork was created by Jim Stohl. Contributor <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Buck, Bob Stohl, Jim Daily, Mrs. Garrett E. Daily, Patricia F. Bourgeois, Charles Denmark, Pete Fair, Mrs. George C. MacJordan, Walton Jr. McAllister, Nancy Meeks, Curtis Serros, Andy Serros, Helen Gentile Smith, Daniel B. Smith, Ellen McGee Van Den Berg, Peggy Pound Wolfe, Claude Jr. <a href="http://www.stlukescathedral.org/History.html/History.html/" target="_blank">Cathedral Church of St. Luke</a> <a href="http://thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> Williams, Rachel Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Cathedral Church of St. Luke, Downtown Orlando, Florida Denmark's Sporting Goods, Downtown Orlando, Florida Frigidaire Store, Downtown Orlando, Florida Fulford Van & Storage Company, Downtown Orlando, Florida Gibbs-Louis, Downtown Orlando, Florida Kiddie Korner, Downtown Orlando, Florida Main Street Market, Downtown Orlando, Florida Sears, Roebuck & Company, Downtown Orlando, Florida St. James Catholic Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/" target="_blank">The Historic Icons of Orlando</a>." Orlando Remembered. http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/. Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. Rajtar, Steve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank">A Guide to Historic Orlando</a>. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format 1 newspaper cartoon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Central Florida Personalities: Walton MacJordan Alternative Title Walton MacJordan Cartoon Subject Orlando (Fla.) Sears, Roebuck and Company Department stores--Florida Description Walton MacJordan (b. 1905) was born in 1905 in Kentucky and attended college at the University of Alabama. He moved to Georgia and started his career in retail by becoming the youngest manager of a department store in the South. In 1932, he moved to Jacksonville, Florida, and started working for Sears, Roebuck & Company as a merchandise manager. A year later, he relocated to Orlando where he became the manager of the Sears store located at 111-113 North Orange Avenue. MacJordan left Orlando in 1937 for Chicago, Illinois, to work at the headquarters of Sears as a General Merchandise Manager of all stores. In 1942, during World War II, MacJordan served in the United States Air Force. During his service as a lieutenant, he used his experience he had in retail to manage the supplies and maintenance for several bases. He soon became a public relations officer for the southeastern portion of the country and was promoted to captain. In 1945, he returned to Orlando to manage Sears again. MacJordan also served his community as chairman of the American Red Cross in Orlando in 1950 and a member of the board of directors of the Central Florida Exposition. Type Still Image Source Photocopy of original black and white newspaper cartoon: <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="https://www.regions.com/Map.rf?id=1668" target="_blank">Regions Bank</a>, Orlando, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Exhibit, <a href="https://www.regions.com/Map.rf?id=1668" target="_blank">Regions Bank</a>, Orlando, Florida. <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered Collection</a>, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection. RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Digital reproduction of photocopied black and white newspaper cartoon. Coverage Sears, Roebuck & Company, Jacksonville, Florida Sears, Roebuck & Company, Downtown Orlando, Florida Sears, Roebuck & Company, Chicago, Illinois Creator Brewer Contributor Jordan, Walton Mac, Jr. Date Created ca. 1931-1979 Date Issued ca. 1931-1979 Date Copyrighted ca. 1931-1979 Format image/jpg Extent 143 KB Medium 1 newspaper cartoon Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Originally created by Brewer. Donated to <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> by Walton Mac Jordan, Jr. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by the <a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank">Orange County Regional History Center</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank">Orlando Remembered</a> Curator Williams, Rachel Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository Orlando Remembered External Reference Bacon, Eve. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank">Orlando: A Centennial History</a>. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975. "<a href="http://www.sears.com/" target="_blank">Sears</a>." Sears. http://www.sears.com/. "<a href="http://www.searsholdings.com/about/sears/" target="_blank">About Sears Roebuck, and Co.</a>" Sears Holding Corporation. http://www.searsholdings.com/about/sears/. "<a href="http://www.searsarchives.com/history/index.htm" target="_blank">A Narrative History of Sears</a>." Sears Archives. http://www.searsarchives.com/history/index.htm. Transcript CENTRAL FLORIDA PERSONALITIES By Brewer[?] Walton MAC JORDAN MANAGER OF SEARS-ROEBUCK, & CO. RECENTLY DISCHARGED FROM THE AIR CORPS WHERE HE SERVED AS A CAPTAIN... AMVETS DIRECTOR OF THE AMVETS AND DIRECTOR OF THE RED CROSS.... HOBBIES - HUNTING & FISHING I'm Just Like Abe Lincoln! BORN IN A LOG CABIN IN KENTUCKY... A ATTENDING UNIV. OF ALABAMA. STUDIED COMMERCE & LAW.... Remember only 5 prs[?] to a customer! NYLONS NYLONS NYLONS NYLONS NYLONS NYLONS PRESIDENT OF THE ORLANDO MERCHANT ASSOCIATION.... Abe Lincoln American Red Cross American Vets AMVETS Brewer caricatures cartoons Central Florida Personalities comics department stores Jordan, Walton Mac Jordan, Walton Mac, Jr. Lincoln, Abraham Orange Avenue orlando Orlando Merchant Association Sears, Roebuck and Company U.S. Army Air Corps UA University of Alabama https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/015dea079c2bff50258a4f23ba24650c.pdf 7165340f0c29989db1de005b3c42e3ae Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Creative Sanford, Inc. Collection Alternative Title Creative Sanford Collection Subject Seminole County (Fla.) Folk plays Sanford (Fla.) Description Creative Sanford, Inc. is a non-profit organization created to manage Celery Soup: Florida's Folk Life Play community theater productions. The original idea for the Celery Soup project came from Jeanine Taylor, the owner of a folk-art gallery on First Street in Sanford, Florida. Their first production was Touch and Go, a play focusing on the people of Sanford and their determination to overcome various obstacles, including the Freeze of 1894-1895, the fall of Sanford's celery industry, and the closing of Naval Air Station (NAS) Sanford in the 1960s. In the process of producing the show, Creative Sanford decided to rehabilitate an historic building, the Princess Theater, which is located on 115 West First Street and owned by Stephen Tibstra. The Creative Sanford offices are housed in the Historic Sanford Welcome Center, located at 203 East First Street. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank">Sanford Collection</a>, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank">Seminole County Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Historic Sanford Welcome Center, Downtown Sanford, Florida Princess Theater, Downtown Sanford, Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank">WHO IS CREATIVE SANFORD, INC?</a>" Celery Soup. http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about. "<a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com/about/" target="_blank">About: History and Purpose</a>." Celery Soup. http://www.celerysoupsanford.com/about/. "<a href="http://www.communityperformanceinternational.org/sanford-florida" target="_blank">Sanford, Florida: How do you make Celery Soup? Add stories, then stir</a>." Community Performance International. http://www.communityperformanceinternational.org/sanford-florida. Contributor <a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com/" target="_blank">Creative Sanford, Inc.</a> Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer Thompson, Trish Interviewee Bridges, Elizabeth Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Oral History of Elizabeth Bridges Alternative Title Oral History, Bridges Subject Sanford, (Fla.) Energy--United States Description An oral history of Elizabeth Bridges. Bridges discusses what life was like in Singapore as a child in the 1960s. She also talks about how she met her first husband, Victor Green. Green worked on an oil rig in the Pacific Ocean for HuffCo. Bridges tells what it was like for her husband to work for that company. She had to learn how to cook Southern food and adapt to life in America. Her first husband died of lung cancer in 1991. She then met her second husband, Jack Bridges, and married him in 1998. After her husband overcame his alcohol addiction, he ran for city commissioner in 2005. He brought many positive changes to the city and was a well-known and successful attorney. Type Text Source Bridges, Elizabeth. Interviewed by Trish Thompson. 2010. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank">Creative Sanford, Inc.</a>, Sanford Florida. Requires <a href="https://get.adobe.com/reader/" target="_blank">Adobe Acrobat Reader</a> Is Part Of <a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank">Creative Sanford, Inc.</a>, Sanford Florida. <a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank">Creative Sanford, Inc. Collection</a>, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Format Of Transcript of original oral history: Bridges, Elizabeth. Interviewed by Trish Thompson. 2010. Audio record available. <a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank">Creative Sanford, Inc.</a>, Sanford Florida. Coverage Singapore Indonesia Sanford, Florida Ritz Theatre, Sanford, Florida Creator Bridges, Elizabeth Thompson, Trish Date Created 2010 Format application/pdf Extent 208 KB Medium 23-page digital transcript Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Trish Thompson and Elizabeth Bridges, and transcribed by Freddie Román-Toro. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank">Creative Sanford, Inc.</a> and is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank">Creative Sanford, Inc.</a> <a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com/" target="_blank">Celery Soup</a> Curator Román-Toro, Freddie Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank">Creative Sanford, Inc.</a> External Reference Symposium on the Development of Petroleum Resources of Asia and the Far East, United Nations, ECAFE Petroleum Symposium, and Symposium on the Development of Petroleum Resources of Asia and the Far East. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/246028555" target="_blank">Case Histories of Oil and Gas Fields in Asia and the Far East: (Third Series)</a>. New York, NY: United Nations, 1971. Yancy, George, and Janine Jones. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/810119075" target="_blank">Pursuing Trayvon Martin: Historical Contexts and Contemporary Manifestations of Racial Dynamics</a>. Lanham: Lexington Boos, 2013. Transcript Thompson Tell me a little bit about how you and Jack [J. Bridges] met. Bridges Jack was a former attorney for my first husband, Victor Green. They don’t call him Victor Green. He goes by his middle name “Mapes.” Mapes and I were his clients. Thompson Is that his mother’s maiden name or something like that? That’s an unusual name. Bridges Yes, because they didn’t want to call him Victor or Junior, so they called him by his middle name. He’s known here in Sanford. Everybody knows Mapes, but he was another generation. so the Greens and the Bridges were here in Sanford and they didn’t live too far from one another—3 Grandview Boulevard,<a title="">[1]</a> which is the former airport. So Alfred Green worked on the railroad with Jack’s daddy, and I think Alfred Green was the supervisor. He was higher in rank than Alfred. We have always seen Jack as our attorney. [laughs] When my husband passed away in [19]91, we were all living in the same neighborhood, and Jack was divorcing in ’91 too. I think he and Beth [Bridges] separated when they were [inaudible] April, and they got divorced in ’91. My husband died in December of ’91. A year later, Jack and I met, and he was patrolling the neighborhood, but he has a very commanding voice. I had always heard that he was a very good trial lawyer, and he would speak to me with that tone. I would have to remind him that I’m not his client and that we’re not in a courtroom—to tone his voice down. Thompson Well, Jack was a fabulous attorney. I always heard it. I was never a client of his, but if anybody was ever going to be in a trial with him, they were scared. Bridges I think it was because of his practice with Mac [Cleveland]. They gave him all of the cases that came along, so he wasn’t afraid to get his hands dirty, so he tried them all. Thompson Okay, so Mac Cleveland wasn’t a trial lawyer? Did he do more estate work? Bridges I don’t know anything about what he did, but I know Jack was a junior attorney at that time, and Mac would let him do a lot. I think that in ’91, they split up the firm. Mac wasn’t practicing that much and Jack was doing a lot of cases ,so he told him he’d like to split it, so that’s why the name of the office used to be, “The Law Office of Jack J. Bridges.” Jack didn’t do too well either. He was on his own with… Thompson Oh, a little bit of drinking. Bridges But later when he quit that, his business picked up. Thompson I didn’t realize that his business went down because of his drinking. Bridges Yeah, it was bad. When his business picked up, even the lawyers would call him so he would represent them. He would do it. Thompson And then he was city commissioner. Bridges Originally, he wanted [inaudible] to run city commissioner and all this is new, because he had two positions before. So he told Jay [Bridges], “You should take this.” He wasn’t too sure if people would accept him. I’ve heard other people ask Jack, “Why didn’t you become a politician?” Jack says he couldn’t have, because people could not accept him, because of what he was. Thompson Did he not have confidence? Bridges I think his past—it took him a little while before—we got married in ’98, and he ran for city commissioner in 2005, so it took him a couple of years. He wanted to get established and let people know he really meant what he said. Thompson I remember that Mayor [Linda] Kuhn just loved him to death and everything he said was golden. Bridges Well, he knew—he knows his business and he always looked ahead for the city. Remember the parades every Christmas? They always had parades, but Christmas was the only time that families would join in and throw candy. After I went to one of the parades, he told me to quit giving out candy. and it was because of me that they had to quit giving out candies. Jack was sitting on my right and I was on his left, and when I throw candy it’s kind of hard for me to throw this way, because I’m right-handed. So since he was in my way, some of the candy fell and he was very afraid for the kids. He told the mayor that they couldn’t allow it any longer, because they would sue the city if any kids came by. Thompson So he was always looking out. You did a really good thing. Bridges No, I was embarrassed. I thought, It was just because of me. I felt bad. Then they had that “splash pad.” Do you remember that they had that “splash pad” when they built that? Everything went well. They had it built and all, and Jack thought about it and says, “Have you ever thought about the lightning that comes with this Florida weather? We have no insurance and if the kids get hurt…” So they had to look into that and I think they got insurance, but then they made sure to close the splash park. when the rain was coming. Thompson I know they do that at [Walt] Disney [World] at one of their wave parks. Because I remember being there one day, and they said we had to leave. And we thought it was weird, because it was sunny out, but they said, “No. we have radar and there’s a storm six miles away.” Everybody had to leave. and it was the worst storm in the world when it came. Bridges This was just a splash pad, but if lighting comes—so he warned the city. When he sat on the Board, he and Nicky always wanted to move Sanford forward and not backward. Sometimes I can see that he gets very frustrated. They move forward one step and move back two steps. He says he doesn’t enjoy that part. Thompson Does he have any stories about his famous cases or when he was a kid? Bridges No, he doesn’t share the cases that he tried, because of client-attorney privilege. They’re confidential, so he can’t share. Thompson Well, I’m thinking more of personal stories that he might have shared with you of growing up. Anything about his parents or about how Sanford was when he was growing up? Bridges I can’t think of too much right now, but he was raised very poor. He said he was very quiet when he learned in school. He always made better grades and the teacher would compare his grades to his brother’s, and his brother didn’t like that. His teacher expected his brother to make grades as good as Jack’s. Jack was always quiet in school and I think it was because of his background. and I told him that there’s nothing wrong about being raised poor. A lot of the rich people were poor when they were growing up. I say, “At least you’re humble and honest.” Thompson Well, tell me stories about you when you were a little girl. Bridges Let me finish one part of Jay and Jack working on the Ritz Theatre. He was the usher, and then he became a chief usher. And when he’s home, he can watch movies over and over again and I have seen those movies so many times. Thompson He can watch the same movie over and over? Bridges That doesn’t bother him. He’ll watch different movies. If it comes on, it doesn’t bother him. He’ll watch it. Thompson Probably because he was an usher at the theatre and he watched the same show over and over again [laughs]. Bridges Then he’d pick up little words from the movie. He’d say, “Buzz off.” Don’t you remember they’d say that in that part of the movie? I couldn’t remember what show it was and say, “Okay.” [laughs]. Thompson So he would quote movies to you? [laughs]. Bridges I’m not Americanized. We weren’t raised with televisions, you know? We don’t have American movies. We’ll watch every now and then, but we don’t have that. I don’t understand the humor and all of those things, because I was raised in Singapore. They taught us the King’s English. When we were at home, we spoke Hainanese. It’s one of the dialects. They’re so many—Cantonese, Hakin, Taichu, etc. If they write in Chinese, I can read it and tell you what they’re saying, but… Thompson So the written word is the same, but the dialects are all different? Bridges When I went to school, we would have to learn English, so we wouldn’t speak English at home. Only in school. We have Indian neighbors now that are Muslims. We don’t understand what they speak at home, but if you speak English, we could all communicate. We also had to learn Mandarin as a language, just like you do Spanish here. In my later years, when my brother went to school, half the subjects were taught in English and the other half were taught in Mandarin. They wanted everybody to be bilingual. Thompson So Mandarin was the official language there? Bridges It was the official language for all Chinese people. Thompson When you were in school and you learned the King’s English, did you have an English professor from England that taught you? Bridges No, they were all local, but they went to English schools. We<a title="">[2]</a> got our independence in ’57. That was the year I was born, so when I went to school in the ‘60s, we were all taught by English teachers. Thompson Then you came to the United States? Bridges Yes, I married my first husband, and I met him as he was working in an oil field in Indonesia. When he had his break, he came to Singapore. My friend introduced me to him. That was Mr. Green. Thompson Oh, so he worked in the oil fields? See, I thought he was agricultural. I don’t know why. Bridges He was in charge of all the heavy equipment—the ship, the boats, the crane, the fleets, etc. He was the supervisor and the Indonesians loved him and did the work. Thompson What did he do when he came back home? Bridges When oil prices went bad in the ‘80s, it was much cheaper for them to hire the English and the Australians than to hire the Americans, so they didn’t want to renew the work permit, so they sent us home. When they hire the Americans over there, they give us vacation time one week every six months. Another six months later, and we have 35 days to come to the states, and they pay for it. Other families that have kids in elementary school—they have their own schools over there. They bring the teachers over there. But when they go to high school. they have to send them to Singapore. If they want to come to college, they come stateside. Then the mother gets to come here twice a year, and the kids fly over there three times a year. All of this is paid for by the company. They pay for the schooling too. They provide housing, cars, gasoline. The house is furnished, etc. Thompson Which company was that? Bridges Roy M. Huffington, Inc. was the company. Have you heard of The Huffington Post? It was from Houston, Texas. Thompson Oh my goodness. Bridges Yes, they were big companies. Thompson Boy, they sound like they were wonderful to their employees. Bridges We didn’t have to pay for the house. We didn’t have to pay for the utilities. If a light bulb needed to be fixed, you would just get on the phone and call them and they’d come and fix the light bulb. The pay was about $65,000 tax-free. That was the incentive. The only thing you have to pay is food and clothes. My husband would tell me, “Enjoy.” I didn’t understand, because we didn’t have a home here, but then we came back and I saw what he was talking about. We had our own bowling alley and our own swimming pool. We had our own commissary too. We could buy our own food. Every other month, a shipment would come in off the coast of Texas. Thompson Now, did he have to go out on oil rigs? Could he come home at night? Bridges No, it was close to home. That was the second job. On the first job, he had to go away. On Monday morning, a bus would come and then they’d fly them over on a helicopter. On Friday evening, they’d come into town [laughs]. Thompson The honeymoon’s every weekend [laughs]. Bridges Yes, they had to do it that way, because they figured it was cheaper. For a while, they would work two weeks and then they’d have one week off. All the families would stay in Singapore. We were civilized there, but when you moved to Indonesia, you had to stay in the jungle. Everybody has to get along with everybody, so what the women would do was, they would have cooking class. Have coffee once a month. I would go to Sears[, Roebuck & Company] and buy this sewing stuff and bring it over there. I like the felt stuff. You know how you sew on it? I don’t like the glue stuff. I like the sew-on like stockings and stuff. Some people were good at cross-stitching and needlepoint and they’d teach. That’s how we entertained one another. We had cooking classes too. Sometimes you get to know your neighbor well. She was from Houston, Texas, and she taught me how to cook American food. She’d write me a recipe and I’d go back and look at the ingredients and call her and ask, “What does half-and-half mean?” [laughs] I would ask her, “What does ‘a stick of butter mean?” That’s because our butter would come in one pound, and she said, “You have to cut it length-wise.” I’d say, “Okay.” That was a big help, because that prepared me for when I came to the states. A lot of people overseas don’t ever lock their doors. You can knock on the door and come in. The coffee pot’s on, you pour yourself a coffee, and sit down. Over here, I don’t know my neighbor. We feel so lost, but our friends are scattered all over the United States. We would get in a car and go all the way out to Texas, Louisiana, Kansas, etc. Thompson To visit all your friends who were in Indonesia with you? Bridges Then they’d come and reciprocate, because of Disney World. Thompson I bet you had a lot of company with people going to Disney World. It’s wonderful that you made such life-long friends. Bridges Even now, I still communicate. There’s this lady in Boise, Idaho. She’s a widow now. She used to do needlepoint and she’d even do weaving. She loved to lace stuff and she would crotchet. She must be up in age too. We write once a year. We send Christmas cards. Thompson Well, it almost sounds like the military. My parents were Navy and they made life-long friends with the people in their stations. When they got out of the service, they always kept in contact. Bridges I know of a lady from Texas who would babysit her neighbor’s children. When the wife went out of town, she’d take one kid, go out, and get some dental work done, and leave the other kid with her husband. Now, you know men can’t cook. so she would take the kids when they got out of school and she’d feed the husband too. They would do the same, so they were all very close. Once you get to know a few families, they’re all very close. Thompson When you came here did you find a family that you could be friends with? Bridges No, I don’t know them very well. I kind of miss that. Thompson There’s good Oriental contingency in Seminole County, I know. Not very… Bridges I don’t practice that anymore. I don’t cook the food anymore. I don’t long for the Chinese food anymore. Not like some Vietnamese that I know like [inaudible] fiancée. They always have to have their rice. They always have their Chinese food. They cannot sub, but I can, because my first husband was American and now I’m with Jack. I say, “If I don’t have bread, I’ll have potato.” [laughs]. I found out that they have their Chinese squash and everything, but the zucchini is almost the same stuff. You can use it to sub for the Chinese squash. But they have to have it exactly the same as before. Thompson Isn’t that strange that they can’t adjust? Bridges I have a friend in North Carolina and she could adjust. There’s some who can’t and they go back. They say, “America is not for me.” It’s a cultural shock. I couldn’t do that, because I made up my mind, because I married an American. I said, “I married an American. This will be my country and you have to adjust.” Thompson And you learned how to make your first Southern food. What did Mr. Green say when you made your first Southern food? Bridges He didn’t like my biscuits. He said they were too hard. [laughs] Everything we had to do was from scratch. We didn’t have the stuff that you do. It’s very convenient. Thompson Yeah, you can have it frozen. “Oh, you want biscuits? Here’s half a bag.” [laughs]. Bridges I used to make my own bread and hamburger buns. We used to invite our neighbors and ground beef meat was very expensive. They’d say, “These hamburger buns are so good.” My husband would say, “That’s because they’re homemade.” In Singapore, the bread didn’t last very long, and the flour would have weevils in it, and American women would teach me, “You take it and sift it twice.” Thompson To get the weevils out. Why were the weevils—because they’d been in storage? Bridges I think that it’s because when they shipped it, they shipped the old stuff to us. By the time it cleared customs, the humidity would get to it. We were so excited to have American stuff. We loved Cheetos in a can [laughs]. We would all grab American stuff. We would grab toilet paper, because we didn’t like the local stuff. It was stiff. It wasn’t soft, so we’d buy a whole bunch. We figured that if we left the country another family would buy us the stuff. When we knew there was a new shipment, we’d run to the coast and load up, because you don’t know when the next shipment would come in. Thompson So you were doing “bulk” before Sam’s [Club] ever showed up [laughs]. Bridges Over there we just buy a bunch of stuff. We buy our meat. We buy the whole piece—the whole pork loin. We would go to the supermarket, buy it, and tell them to freeze it. We’d tell them when we’d want it picked up, so they’d wrap it up and put it into boxes. Then they’d tie it and tape it and all, and we’d pick it up and we’d bring it to the hotel and tell them, “We want it in your freezer.” Then we’d tell them at what time we’d come to get it and our bus would come to pick us up and take us to the airport. Thompson To go from Singapore to Indonesia? Bridges The flight would last two hours and 20 minutes. Then we’d rest and catch a 45-minute flight. If you pack them well and you only open them once, you should be pretty good. Prime rib was $15 a pound. This was back in the ‘80s. Thompson Oh my gosh. Bridges We’d usually try to bring a few pieces of meat. We’d live on seafood a lot over there. When you buy fish, you have to buy the whole fish—head and all—and the fish 50 cents a kilo. Thompson A fish for 50 cents? Amazing. Bridges Usually the fish is about two to three pounds, but it was fresh. We’d also have a lot of shrimp and lobster too. Thompson I bet you know a lot of great recipes for shrimp, lobster, and fish, don’t you? Bridges No, I didn’t have to cook very much over there. I buttered them a lot and broiled them. Seafood was abundant. [inaudible] I would go to the local market. They would always have some trouble with us, because they don’t encourage you to go outside the city. Thompson Was it dangerous? Bridges It wasn’t dangerous, but if an American like you—a Caucasian—goes there, you’ll be surrounded and you’d be shot. They don’t like Americans. For me, I’m Asian with an Asian [inaudible], so it’s a little bit better. I learned that when you carry your basket to town, you just let the boys carry it so they don’t bug you. You pay them 100 rupees. That’s 10 cents and they walk with you while you buy your groceries and they put it in a cart for you. Thompson So if one of the boys that you see on the street comes, he attaches himself to you and then none of the boys bother you? That happened to us in the Dominican Republic. A boy attached himself to my mother and he went everywhere with us throughout the whole day. Bridges This was only in the market though. That way you get rid of them, because they all want to help you, and you end up paying extra money. I also found out that we’d pay the lawn boy $5 a month and we’d pay the maid $15. $15 is the maximum, and they say $10 is the going rate. One of our doctors from Texas would pay $15 and the maid would carry laundry from the city every day. After they worked for the Americans, they’d go work for the nationals expecting to get paid $15 a month, but the nationals would only pay them $10 maximum. They’d say, “That’s not fair.” They’d tell us we couldn’t spoil them. Thompson You see? We’d look at that as entrepreneurship. If you do the best, you get paid more. Bridges Right. They also liked blue jeans, so what we’d do is come to the states and buy blue jeans and give it to them as a Christmas gift. That’s why they like working for the Americans. Thompson Well, your husband was very right when he said, “Enjoy it.” [laughs]. Bridges Well, I didn’t understand, but now I do. Thompson What was your first shocking experience when you came to the [United] States? Did you come in through Texas? Bridges No, we came in through Maryland. Yes, because his Army friends stayed at Fort [George G.] Meade, so we’d stay with our friends. The men would go somewhere else and the women—was very nice. She took me to the commissary. I said, “I want to go to the commissary.” I walked in and I said, “Oh, look at the eggplant. It’s so nice. Look at the lettuce.” Because our lettuce is terrible-looking, but we still ate it, because that’s the best they had to offer. She just looked at me. [laughs] I said, “I want to buy this. I want to eat this.” Of course, we had more money than they did, so we paid for the groceries, but she let me pick what I wanted. The green peas were so green and narrow, but over there they were kind of bulky. Thompson So the first big shock was the groceries? I bet the food was a lot cheaper too, wasn’t it? Bridges Yes, because any canned food that came over into Indonesia were three times more expensive than here. Thompson Did you ever go back? Bridges I went back to Singapore, but not to Indonesia. It’s not the same for me anymore. I guess I’ve been gone too long. The heat and the humidity is like Florida weather in the summer. I can’t take it. [laughs] Jack always wanted to go there, but he never made it. I went back in 2004, when my brother had just died of lung cancer. And Jack wanted to go but he couldn’t. so I said, “I’ll go.” Do you remember the bird flu<a title="">[3]</a> that went around? They said that if I came back, I’d have to be in quarantine for 10 days. Jack was a little sick at that time. I think I wanted to go in November, but I went in the spring. Jack said he always admired the Chinese culture. He handled one or two cases and he said he had yet to see a broke Chinese person. I was raised Chinese. During the New Year, you have to pay off all your debts. We didn’t owe anything. Jack said, “What about your mortgages?” I said, “Well, I guess that’s one thing that you can’t pay off, but everything else has to be paid off.” Another thing is that you never lend to friends or family, because you’ll never get it back. That’s very, very true. Jack would say that the Chinese and Egyptian cultures are very, very old but he likes them more. Thompson It’s also a very good practice. You’re not in debt. So many Americans are in debt. Bridges Yeah, but when I was talking to Jack’s mother—she’s old school. It parallels what the Chinese do. Thompson Yeah, not to be in debt, because she lived in the [Great] Depression. She’s of that generation. Bridges Yes, and she’s very frugal just the way I was raised. Thompson What did your parents do? Bridges My mother was a homemaker and my father was the chief electrician, so he was gone a lot. My mother raised us, and when my father came back, we would like it, because he would spoil us. He let us go to school early, and my mother didn’t like that. We started school at 7:30 and were off at 1:00. The next year, you go from 1:00-5:00. That way they use the school, so the school isn’t sitting there empty. Thompson Did they always have a group in there? Bridges Yes, all the time. They alternated it so one year a student goes in the morning and the next year he goes in the afternoon. ThompsoAnd then it’s hotter. It’s cool in the morning and hot in the afternoon. Bridges Yeah [laughs]. That way the school is used many times, so that they don’t have to build that many schools. Property is very expensive in Singapore. It’s like Hong Kong. Everybody lives in patmas. They call it “flats.” The government will build them and let you buy them. and you could use your Social Security number to buy them. Thompson So they’re like condos, and they’re subsidized by the government. And anybody can buy one? Bridges Not everybody. They have three or four bedrooms, so it depends on your family’s size. The government will tell you if you’re eligible. Thompson So you can’t just have four bedrooms for two of you [laughs]. Bridges And you can tell them what location you want. Not a problem. If they build, you put your name in and they were very cheap. I remember my mom got a three bedroom for 15,000 in the ‘70s. Thompson Wow. That was a wonderful deal. Even back then. Bridges The dollar was like two to one. That’s cheap. Now, you can’t buy a patma for that cheap, but it’s subsidized by the government, and the government wants everybody to live better in wooden homes, because they take up a lot of land. They don’t want that. The island isn’t that big. It’s 25 miles across from east to west and 15 miles from north to south, and it’s got a population of two million people. It’s the cleanest city in the world. Bridges The crime rate is very low. They will not tolerate drugs. It’s a law and order country. Do you remember that Michael Fay went down there and got caned? He got caned, because he took the stop sign down, and his family got sent home. Thompson Yeah, I had heard that about Singapore. That was an international incident. Bridges [Bill] Clinton, the American president, pleaded and the government said, “This is a law and order country.” Thompson And there are no exceptions. Bridges This lady brought drugs in. I don’t know if she’s Australian or what, but they asked the Queen of England<a title="">[4]</a> to plead and they said, “No.” Thompson The Queen couldn’t help. Well, just think—if it’s 25 miles long and 15 miles wide, it’s the same size as Sanford’s 22 mile square. so your whole island is probably the size of Sanford. It has two million people there and we only have 54,000. People don’t understand how lucky they are to live in a place like Sanford. Bridges Right, because over there it’s very competitive. You have to do well in school. If you don’t do well in school, you get a terrible job. My mother always said, “You see that road-sweeper? That man that sweeps the street? That’s where you’re going to end up. Digging the ditch.” [laughs] Then when they came up with that machine that cleans the street and she said, “See? They don’t even need you anymore.” [laughs] She pushed education, because both my parents were raised on a farm on Hainan Island in China. Do you remember where our plane landed in China? It got confiscated by the Chinese government. Thompson No, I don’t remember that. Bridges An American plane landed there and they wouldn’t let us take our plane home. They had to go through and check, because they wanted to check out what the Americans had in equipment and technology. Thompson So it was probably a military jet that crash-landed there or something? Bridges I don’t know how it landed there, but I know it landed there. The Chinese government got involved and I remember saying, “It’s Hainan Island. That’s where my mom and dad were born.” My mother said that the communist government would give you two pieces of material and that’s all you get. She patched them and they would look like embroideries, and she was very frugal raising us. Thompson So it was two pieces of material per person in the family or just two pieces? Bridges It was two pieces a year. That’s all you get. We always had hand-me-down clothes because my aunt was from American Families, and the kids had all the clothing, and we got to pick what we wanted to wear. so if I said, “I don’t like this dress,” she wouldn’t throw it away. She would pack it up and send it to China. It was for her nieces, you know? Thompson Yeah, so whatever you didn’t like went on to another family. Bridges Right. She wouldn’t give it to the neighbors or friends they could use it. She would send it to her family. My mother—she didn’t work, because she raised us. but she knew that education was very important. When we’d come home, we’d speak the dialect. We didn’t speak English. And we’d bring our report cards and she’d say, “What does it say? And “You’d better tell me the truth, and if it’s not what it says here, you’re in trouble.” [laughs] Thompson So she taught you how to be honest. Bridges She didn’t mind us going to school, because that was the only way we were going to do better than her, and many Asian communities are the same way. A lot of my cousins are in Virginia. My aunt does not speak English and my cousins speak broken English, but their children are very educated. They’re honor students. They’re doing real well and they’re taking care of their mom and dad. Thompson Well now, did you ever have children? Bridges No. Thompson So you have step-children from… Bridges My first and second husbands. Thompson Oh, both. That’s wonderful. Do you see them? Bridges Originally, [inaudible] lives in Orlando and the other two live in Pennsylvania, but now they’re back in Florida. They love the Florida weather. We brought them to Florida. We took them to Disney World. they always have a place to stay, and they loved it so much. They got tired of the snow. Thompson Who wouldn’t be? I like Florida too. My sisters wanted me to move to Tennessee, and I said, “You know, I like Florida. I love you, but I don’t love your weather.” [laughs] She said, “But you have hurricanes.” I said, “But I don’t have snow.” Bridges Well, Jack’s son was born and raised here. Jack only had one child. Thompson Oh, is that right? Is it John? Bridges No, Tory [Bridges] is his child. Tory’s mother, Mary Carly, is in the insurance business on Lake Mary Boulevard when you pass—that’s Jack’s first wife. Thompson Oh, Debbie or something? Bridges She married Brent Carly. He owns the insurance business on Lake Mary Boulevard. Thompson I know Mark Carly. He’s Brent’s brother. I know him better than I know Brent. I believe it was you, Jack, and Jack’s brother that made it out to the restaurant one time and I was able to meet her once. Bridges Yeah, she’s in assisted living now—Spring Lake Hills on Lake Mary Boulevard, across from the forest. She has a bad case of dementia and she gets very excited. She can’t sit down for too long. I think that’s part of the disease. When I went to see her right after Jack died, she kept asking me where Jack was and we told her. And her cousin, Linda, told me that when she went to Jack’s service, she thought she was at her husband’s funeral. Thompson Oh, so her dementia was really bad. Bridges When I see her she asks me how Jack is and I hate repeating it to her, because it hurts me to tell her to tell her that Jack’s gone, because I’m grieving and it’s hard for me, so I say, “He’s okay.” Then later she says, “Oh, he’s gone isn’t he?” I go, “Yeah. he’s gone.” Thompson So sometimes she will remember that he did die. Bridges Now instead of saying that Jack is coming to take her home, she says that her mother is coming to take her home. They go back. They revert to their childhood. She doesn’t remember her other son, Stevie [Bridges]. Stevie does not come around too often. Thompson Well that’s the one everybody compared to Jack, so he didn’t feel too good about it. Bridges Yeah, but they always favored Stevie a lot. Stevie stayed at the house with them, but he later moved out. Maybe they catered to him, because Jack was a family man. They figured he was married and Stevie never got married, so they took care of him more. I don’t know. Thompson What kind of work does Stevie do? Bridges Well, he went to college and got his degree from University of Florida. I don’t know what he majored in, but he decided he didn’t want to use what he learned in school, so he worked for a welding company and became the chief welder. Thompson Yeah, because I remember seeing him in work clothes, like a working person—blue collar. Bridges Right. They told him they would give him a desk job, but he said no. He preferred to be blue-collar. That’s what he wanted. Then they let him go and he was applying for other jobs. I don’t know. It didn’t work out. Thompson So he’s not working at all now? Bridges He turns 60 in February and he said he’s going to wait and draw retirement and Social Security [Insurance]. Thompson Well, he’s got two years until he can do it. Bridges He has a big payout and Jack was trying to tell him how to invest. and I told Jack, “If he was smart enough, he would have gone back to work and worked ‘til he was 65, and let that money build and draw better Social Security.” That’s what I’m doing. Thompson Well, I worked ‘til 62, but my husband was very ill. So I just went in and said, “I’m closing the restaurant.” Bridges I don’t blame you. You had your hands full. That’s different. Being a caregiver takes all your energy. Thompson It does. I had two years with him. We were very lucky. On July of 2008, I walked in the door and said, “We’ve got parties that we’re doing on the 4th of July and we should be out of food by next Wednesday.” I said, “We’re closing the doors of The Rib Ranch forever on the 8th and 9th of July.” I put a big sign up saying, “Come and say goodbye.” Everybody came and got barbecue, but on July 2nd, the guy who owned the business right next door to me made me an offer for my property, and I took it and we had our closing 15 days later. I had two years completely free to be with my husband, because he couldn’t drive anymore. He was going blind. He had a lot of physical problems. I spent a lot of time going to doctor’s offices. Bridges It’s like what Jack said towards the end. his social calendar towards the end was all doctor’s appointments. Jack got sick in 2009. He was in this hospital and then they told him they had to send him up to Shands[?]<a title="">[5]</a>, because he had abdominal blockage. They said, “You need surgery. There’s a tumor right there. That’s why it’s doing that. Shands might be able to get you in.” The doctor that tried to get him in just got back from church and he said, “There’s a bed available.” So he was happy, and I packed four days’ clothes. stayed there three and a half weeks. He wouldn’t let me come home. He said, “Don’t leave me.” He was very lonesome. Thompson He needed you. Bridges I had a lot of vacation time, so I called Penny Fleming and she said, “Take it.” I was planning on coming home and working Monday through Friday and then go up on weekends, and she said, “Well, whatever you want.” Then I decided, “Well, maybe half a day on Friday.” She says, “That will be better and you won’t have to drive during the night.” Then I told Jack what she said and Jack said, “No.” Thompson He needed you there. Bridges He wanted me there. Thompson Well, the thing I found out about, when your husband’s sick, is that even though I depended on him being smart and understanding everything. He was being stoic, but he wasn’t comprehending what the doctors were saying, because, internally, he was panicked. He would say, “What did he mean by that?” I would have to research it and find out what the doctor meant, because he wouldn’t tell him he was scared. Bridges Jack was the opposite. Jack was very sharp and he still had a sense of humor. I remember they almost put him on a ventilator one time up in Shands. Scared me to death. Jack didn’t like too much medication, but they gave him medication and he crawled to bed. And when he came in, there was this person sitting in his room and he woke up and said, “Oh, have you met my warden?” Thompson Who was the person sitting in his room? Bridges It was the nurse. And they had to explain that he was trying to climb over the bed. When he was up there, he would tell me to do things he wasn’t supposed to do. He wanted a Slurpee and he said, “Go get me one.” and I’d say, “The doctor says you can’t have anything.” He’d say, “If you don’t get it for me, then I’ll go down to get it.” I said, “Then what do you want?” He said, “Strawberry.” At that time, he had that abdominal problem and they had to pump it out. There was a little container behind him and the doctor could see the red from the strawberry and he panicked, “Oh, it’s blood.” Jack said, “No. I just had strawberries.” [laughs] The doctor shook his head. Jack said, “My mouth is very dry, so I asked her to get me that.” The doctor said, “How about changing the flavor?” Oh, he was something else. Thompson So what’s happening with you now? Bridges I’m just back to work. I’m just doing my routine and putting in my time working at the Sheriff’s Office until my retirement. I’ve got 10 years to go. I’ve already got 14 years. I hate to retire so early, because what am I going to do for health insurance? If I retire right now, I’ve got eight years. 62 is early retirement. They penalize me five percent for every year under. I figure I don’t have much going right now, so I just try to keep myself occupied. Thompson I think that’s a good thing too. If I didn’t have all this, I’d be going crazy. Bridges But I sure miss him though, because every time I go to the parades, I see all the people and politicians and it kind of depresses me a little bit. Thompson Well, what do you think he would have said about everything that happened with Trayvon [Benjamin Martin] and the city? Bridges I don’t think he would have let the case go as far as it did, because he would know how to tell them. Who is it [inaudible]? He said he didn’t know the legal procedures or the steps to take. He said it wasn’t right that [Bill] Lee didn’t arrest [George Michael] Zimmerman. but if you can’t prove anything yet, how can you arrest somebody? There’s no evidence. Thompson I thought it was really strange that people don’t understand that the police investigate, but it’s the state attorneys that say they have a case and have them arrested. My illustration was, “Haven’t you seen Law & Order?” Half the show is about what the police do and the other half is about what the attorneys do. Bridges Well, I think that on the legal side, you have to have evidence to show before you can convict and arrest a person, but there’s nothing to prove him guilty. People were so upset. They wanted them to do it now and it got worse and worse. When it came to the commissioner, people were saying Commissioner Lee wasn’t doing his job. Thompson And none of those commissioners… Bridges They don’t understand the legal system. Thompson It would have been good if Jack were still there. Bridges Linda would have been good too, because she worked at the state attorney’s office. It would have helped the city. Thompson Maybe if we had had a better city attorney. I mean, I don’t know Lonnie Grout, but maybe a stronger criminal lawyer mind would have helped. Who knows? Jack is really missed. Bridges Yeah, I feel like he served. The Lord wanted him home, and I feel like Jack knew he was sick but he did not tell me. He knew what was going on. He was talking to Dr. [inaudible] about it. Remember when they put the shunt in? He [inaudible]. I think when they pull it out too fast it can create a clog. That’s what my friends told me. Linda [inaudible] said that was a clog when she saw his hand, and she was right. His hand just got bigger and bigger like my thigh. I asked the nurse, “What happened?” She said, “Oh, nothing wrong. We’re just trying to stabilize.” When Dr. [inaudible] was talking to him, I came in at the tail end of the conversation. Dr. [inaudible] said, “If we have to, we’ll remove it.” I found out after he died by talking to Dr. [inaudible] that he knew he was going, but he didn’t tell me. Thompson I don’t think my husband knew he was going. Bridges He didn’t want me to be upset, and I feel that it’s not fair. At least he could have prepared me, because he went in on a Friday, assigned Saturdays all over the weekend. I had to bring him his Jell-O mixed with fruit. He didn’t want the hospital Jell-O. He wanted iced tea mixed at home. He wanted chicken noodle soup. He didn’t want the can one, so I’d bring the hot broth to the hospital for him to eat. I saw him Saturday, Sunday, and I called Jack’s son about Friday or Saturday to let him know, because we’re working people. We’re always so busy. Maybe we would have more time on weekends. He could have come to see his father, but he didn’t come to see his father until Monday. Jack’s secretary was there on Monday too, and she said, “What is Tory doing here?” I said, “I told him he could come see his father, but I didn’t tell Cathy that she could come.” During one of our meetings in the room, the doctor came in and he was a very good cardiologist and I liked the doctor very much. And she started asking him questions and the doctor felt—I could see the look on his face. he didn’t want to be interrupted, and he looked at Jack and me. He knew who I was, but I didn’t introduce myself. He didn’t like it. I said, “Next time, I won’t let her come to the hospital to see him, because what if the doctor has to come in and she interrupts everything?” That time she called me from outside the hospital and says, “Can I come inside?” What can I say? She’s already at the hospital, so I told her to come up. After everybody had seen him, he said he’s tired and that everybody has to go. Thompson This was Monday? Bridges No, it was Monday night. I said, Okay. I guess he wants me to go home too so he can rest. Everybody left and I was packing my stuff and he said, “No. you stay a little bit.” I stayed and he said, “Give me a hug.” He wanted me to kiss him. I think he knew. He must have known it was getting close. so on Tuesday I worked half a day. I was going to do a whole week. On Tuesday, I got a message from the doctor saying, “Come right away.” I dropped everything. Thompson So you had just gotten home and then you had to go back and he had died? Bridges No, I was heading towards the hospital to bring his stuff, but when I got the message I just went straight and left everything. He said, “Come right away,” but he was already gone by the time I got there. Thompson Well, you can be angry with him, but… Bridges But we had a good life. It was a short time with him, and Jack and I had an age difference of 11 years. We both had November birthdays, and we’re 11 days apart. When he died we were married 11 years and 11 months. Thompson Oh, 11 is a really important number then. Bridges When he started having the cancer in December, he said that he would like another 10 years, but if God would give him five he would take it. In December, he showed me he wanted to go to church. I’m a converted Catholic. Every now and then he’d go to the church. He got very bored. I was surprised he went, and that was the last Christmas. Thompson Well, it’s tough when we lose them like that. Bridges Jack changed his whole life around from what he was. He went to the opposite end of the spectrum. Thompson He really did, because he was a rounder. He was a party guy, wasn’t he? Bridges He was. I remember when he told me, “When we get married, I like to go out with my boys once a month.” But he never did it after we married. I let him run as far as he wanted to, but he never did. He always wanted to come home. He knew he had a home to come to. I think that when he was struggling with his alcohol, there was no one to communicate with him emotionally. With my military upbringing, he learned how to be soft to people and love them. I think he felt most sturdy and he said I was his rock. Thompson You were the stability that he needed. Bridges He turned his life around after that. He learned how to give and found that it was very rewarding and he turned into a public servant. He got what he wanted. He had the intelligence to go along with serving the city. I’m very happy for him. I hated seeing him go, but he achieved what he wanted to do in life. Thompson I think that’s great. I had a different situation with my husband. I’m so happy that he’s gone, because I loved him so. He was a sports lover and he loved Sports Illustrated magazine. He had to read about his sports. He told me on Wednesday, and he died on a Saturday, “Cancel my subscription to Sports Illustrated.” That just floored me. I think now that he passed away, that if he had lived the two years they said he would, he would have been blind. He was in renal failure, so if he lived through that, he would have been on dialysis. He had diabetes and he was losing his legs, so this is not the life he would have wanted. This wouldn’t be living. This would be torture. He wasn’t a man who had the will to live through anything. He had his comforts. I’m so glad he was able to go the way he wanted to go, before these awful things came. He was a very proud man and very private. He hated having nurses having to help him go to the bathroom or go take a shower. It got to me that he had to go through that. Bridges The last two years of Jack’s life, he was sick and he knew it, and he cried. He said he didn’t deserve it. He was throwing up and there was nothing but liquid coming up all the time. I had to empty his can, because I didn’t want him to smell that all the time. He was already sick. I made sure everything was close by and the less he moved, the better he felt. I’d get his medication, Sports Illustrated magazine—whatever he needed. He said he didn’t like being sick like that. He would say to me, “You’re too good for me.” and he’d cry. It got me emotionally, and when I’d get to the kitchen, I’d cry. I’d almost be in tears, but I wouldn’t look at him. He’d ask, “Are you alright?” I’d say, “I am.” Then I’d go to the kitchen and cry, because I didn’t want to show him I was weak. But he was ready to go. Thompson Mine was too. At the time I was mad at him for leaving me, but I got over it. Now I’m just grateful that I had him for as long as I did and that he’s not suffering. Bridges My first husband went very fast. He was up and walking and he fell. One of his blood vessels burst. They called it a “pontine hemorrhage,” because of the pons. It’s like an aneurysm. I was kind of mad, but they say—I was shocked. I didn’t know he was going to go. There was no goodbye or anything. Then God was graceful enough to put God in my life. I had only been in this country for six years—’85-‘91. I didn’t know my way around. I had to learn how to drive when I got here. And my sister and brother-in-law were very good to me and helped me with the funeral arrangements. Then Jack came into my life and I said, “Oh God. At least you could have prepared me.” I didn’t know he was going to get sick. It takes a lot to be a caregiver. You’re not prepared, but that’s life. Jack went so fast, no one expected it. We thought he was doing so well when he came from Gainesville, and they detected cancer and he went for his radiation [therapy] and chemo[therapy]… Thompson How long had he been back from Gainesville? Bridges He had surgery in August. Thompson Yeah, but when did he come home? Because when he came home, we had an appointment and I think he died the next week. Bridges He died in March. Thompson So he wasn’t in the hospital in the spring? Bridges Yeah, he was in the hospital. He went in on Friday afternoon and he died Tuesday afternoon. Thompson I’m thinking of a month before that. Bridges He had been in and out of the hospital then. They had to put him in hydration, because of his radiation and chemo. They said he got very dehydrated and he had been in and out several times. Thompson Well, I talked to him on the phone and he was either in the hospital—it might’ve just been the day before he died. I can’t imagine that though. But I talked to him. maybe a week was either right before he went into the hospital or the day before he died. Because I was completely shocked. Bridges I didn’t expect him to go into the hospital. Maybe you talked to him that Monday and he was fine, but then the next couple of days, his arm just got worse. By the end of the week, I figured he better go to the hospital, because doctors are not around on weekends, so I needed to admit him. I couldn’t get a hold of his doctor so that’s why he went in on a Friday. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Correction: Grandview Avenue. </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> Singapore. </div> <div> <a title="">[3]</a> Avian influenza. </div> <div> <a title="">[4]</a> Elizabeth II. </div> <div> <a title="">[5]</a> Possibly the University of Florida’s Health Shands Hospital. </div> </div> alcoholism Beth Bridges Bridges, Jack J. Bridges, Mary Celery Soup: Florida's Folk Life Play Chinese Chinese culture city commissioner Cleveland, Mac Clinton, Bill Clinton, William "Bill" Jefferson cooking Creative Sanford, Inc. cuisine Elizabeth Bridges Fay, Michael Fleming, Penny Fort George G. Meade Fort Meade, Maryland Gainesville Grandview Avenue Green, Alfred Green, Elizabeth Green, Victor "Mapes" groceries Grout, Lonnie Hainaese Hainan Island, China Indonesia Jack J. Bridges King's English Kuhn, Linda Lake Mary Boulevard Law Office of Jack J. Bridges lawyer Lee, Bill lung cancer Mandarin Martin, Trayvon Benjamin Mary Bridges oil field Ritz Theatre Seminole County Sheriff's Office Singapore Southern cuisine Sports Illustrated Spring Hills Lake Mary The Rib Ranch Thompson, Trish Zimmerman, George Michael https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/a0065e7e8dfc0c0ef48671fe61c5445a.jpg 4dcb5ac277cb2fbc4e8333e86a209564 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection Alternative Title Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Subject Cemeteries--Europe Veterans--Florida World War II, 1939-1945 Army Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. <a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Florida-France Soldier Stories Project</a>. Language eng Type Collection Coverage Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Dinozé, France Contributing Project Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Curator Barnes, Mark Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War</a>." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015). Description The Florida-France Soldier Storiesproject seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Sixteenth Census Population Schedule for Hopewell Alternative Title Census Population Schedule for Hopewell Subject Population--United States Description The U.S. Census population schedule for Election Precinct 51 in Hopewell, Florida, in 1940. Individuals are identified by name, titles and terms, gender, age, marital status, race, relationship to head of household, birthplace, birth year, the last place of residence, and occupation. A notable resident listed in this record was Private First Class (PFC) Clifford A. Judah (d. 1945). Judah was born to Elijah D. Judah (b. 1890) and Margie Judah (b. 1897) in Louisiana in 1925. The Judahs migrated from Louisiana to Hillsborough Count around 1935. PFC Judah enlisted in the U.S. Army on November 2, 1943 at Camp Blanding in Starke. The terms of his enlistment were through the duration of the World War II or other emergency military actions, as well as six months subject to the discretion of the president or other laws. PFC Judah served in the 315th Infantry Regiment of the 79th Infantry Division. The Army declared PFC Judah missing in action on January 15, 1945. PFC Judah died during the Battle of Hatten-Rittershoffen in Alsace, France, which was part of the Battle of the Bulge. The Army awarded PFC Judah the Bronze Star and the Purple Heart with Oak Leaf Cluster. The American Battle Monuments Commission memorialized PCF Judah under tablets of the missing in Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France. Type Text Source Digital reproduction of original <a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VTHP-BYW" target="_blank">census record</a> by Henry Irwin Bringle, April 4, 1940: Image Number 00103, Digital Folder Number 005449582, Affiliate Film Number 591, Affiliate Publication Number T627, <a href="http://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives &amp Records Administration</a>, Washington, D.C. Is Part Of Digital Folder Number 005449582, Affiliate Film Number 591, Affiliate Publication Number T627, <a href="http://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives &amp Records Administration</a>, Washington, D.C. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/172" target="_blank">Epinal American Cemetery Collection</a>, RICHES of Central Florida. Coverage Hopewell, Florida Creator Bringle, Henry Irwin Publisher <a href="http://www.census.gov/" target="_blank">Bureau of the Census</a> Date Created 1940-04-04 Format image/jpg Extent 11.2 MB Medium 1 census record Language eng Mediator History Teacher Civics/Government Teacher Provenance Originally created by Henry Irwin Bringle and published by the <a href="http://www.census.gov/" target="_blank">Bureau of the Census</a>. Rights Holder This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws:<ul class="one_column_bullet"><li>reproduce the work in print or digital form</li><li>create derivative works</li><li>perform the work publicly</li><li>display the work</li><li>distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending.</li></ul>This resource is provided here by <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to <a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105" target="_blank">Section 5</a> of <a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html" target="_blank">Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code</a>. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Epinal Cemetery Project Curator Fernandez, Yizelle Cepero, Laura Digital Collection <a href="https://familysearch.org/" target="_blank">FamilySearch</a> <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="http://www.archives.gov/" target="_blank">National Archives &amp Records Administration</a> External Reference "<a href="https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VTHP-BYW" target="_blank">Clifford A Judah</a>." FamilySearch. https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VTHP-BYW. "<a href="http://findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=56373358" target="_blank"> PFC Judah A Judah</a>." Find A Grave. http://findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&amp GRid=56373358. Agnes Day Allen M. brown Alma Judah Andrew G. Day Ben I. Mercer Betty Jane Day C. J. Judah Carlos M. Lewis Cecil Judah census Charlie D. Mercer Clifford A. Judah Clifton Mercer Elijah J. Judah Ellen B. Bugg Ethel Spaur Gladys Brinson Glenn Cribbs Hopewell Howard F. Day Irma Lavern Phillips James H. Cribbs Jerry C. Lightsey Jimmie Lee Cribbs Leitha Rowell Lemuel Mercer Levy W. Rowell Lloyd E. Day Margie Judah Mattie Lightsey Milton F. Brinson Minnie Spaur Myrtle Rowell Nellie Rowell population R. Oliver Spaur Robert Spaur Russell L. Lightsey Sudie Mae Cribbs Virgil K. Spaur Willard F. Bugg Wilma Aubrey Phillips https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/73b86095b9922d1b9d8d348573e5c5c7.JPG a2ddc1d1073aeb7fd619ac9d57af0cc3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Weeki Wachee Collection Alternative Title Weeki Wachee Collection Description Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947. At the time, roadside attractions were becoming popular stops along Florida roadways. The attraction consisted of an amalgamation of vendors, an orchid garden, a river boat tour, as well as the star attraction: a mermaid show that took place in an underwater theater. Eventually, the May Museum of the Tropics, an "abandoned Seminole village", a show called “Birds of Prey”, and a petting zoo were added. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history. Subject Weeki Wachee (Fla.) Weeki Wachee Springs (Fla.) Tourism--Florida Springs--Florida Parks--Florida Contributor Schumacher, Elmer "Sparky" Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/63" target="_blank">Hernando County Collection</a>, RICHES. Language eng Type Collection Spatial Coverage Weeki Wachee Springs, Spring Hill, Florida Curator Schwandt, Rebecca Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> External Reference "<a href="http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html" target="_blank">History of Weeki Wachee Springs</a>." Weeki Wachee Springs State Park. http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html. Pelland, Maryan, and Dan Pelland. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67516850" target="_blank">Weeki Wachee Springs</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005. Vickers, Lu, and Bonnie Georgiadis. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780478262" target="_blank">Weeki Wachee Mermaids: Thirty Years of Underwater Photography</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012. Contributing Project Rebecca Schwandt's Thesis Project Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Weeki Wachee Springs Memo (February 21, 1963) Alternative Title Weeki Wachee Memo (February 21, 1963) Subject Weeki Wachee Springs (Fla.) Tourism--Florida Springs--Florida Parks--Florida Entomology Description A memo from Weeki Wachee Springs State Park manager T.P. Brinzo, circulated to all departments, dated February 21, 1963. The memo informed the entirety of the Springs that new equipment had been acquired for the underwater mermaid shows to help prevent drownings. Per the memo, all departments were to set up regular drills to prepare for a drowning scenario. Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947. At the time, roadside attractions were becoming popular stops along Florida roadways. The attraction consisted of an amalgamation of vendors, an orchid garden, a river boat tour, as well as the star attraction: a mermaid show that took place in an underwater theater. Eventually, the May Museum of the Tropics, an "abandoned Seminole village", a show called “Birds of Prey”, and a petting zoo were added. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history. Type Text Source Original 1-page typed memo, February 23, 1963: <a href="https://weekiwachee.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Weeki Wachee Springs State Park</a>, Weeki Wachee, Florida. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/63" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Weeki Wachee Collection</a>, Hernando County Collection, RICHES. Coverage Weeki Wachee Springs State Park, Weeki Wachee, Florida Creator Brinzo, T.P. Publisher <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> Date Created 1963-02-21 Format image/jpg Extent 3.94 MB Medium 1-page typed memo Language eng Mediator History Teacher Humanities Teacher Provenance Originally created by T.P. Brinzo and published by <a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a>. Rights Holder Copyright to this resource is held by <a href="https://weekiwachee.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Weeki Wachee Springs State Park</a> and is provided here by <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES</a> for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project Florida Humanities Council Community Grant Program and Friends of Weeki Wachee Springs State Park Rebecca Schwandt's Thesis Project Curator O'Neil, Rhiannon Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository <a href="https://weekiwachee.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Weeki Wachee Springs State Park</a> External Reference Allman, T.D. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/873617194" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Finding Florida: The True History of the Sunshine State</a>. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2013. Ammidown, Margot. "<a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1504171?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Edens, Underworlds, and Shrines: Florida’s Small Tourist Attractions</a>." The Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts 23, 1998, 238-259. Accessed November 9, 2018. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1504171?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents. Georgiadis, Bonnie and Lu Vickers. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780478262" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Weeki Wachee mermaids: thirty years of underwater photography</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012. Hollis, Tim. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/61130658" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Glass Bottom Boats &amp</a> Mermaid Tails: Florida's Tourist Springs. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2006. Pelland, Maryan. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/995504665" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Weeki Wachee Springs</a>. Arcadia Publishing Inc, 2006. . Revels, Tracy J. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/666240031" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sunshine Paradise: A History of Florida Tourism</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2011. Vickers, Lu, and Sara Dionne. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/71237360" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Weeki Wachee, City of Mermaids: A History of One of Florida's Oldest Roadside Attractions</a>. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2007. Florida tourism May Museum of the Tropics museums natural springs P.T. Brinzo parks Rebecca Schwandt roadside attractions roadside tourism tourist attractions Weeki Wachee Springs State Park https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/155477625c6908bed772da4a98048144.jpg 092a7eeaae7014794198cb155397da62 https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4c7e58e94d53a2d347715a6700aabb53.pdf 173650235c41b764ca39b833803e5339 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Isleworth Grove Collection Alternative Title Isleworth Collection Subject Windermere (Fla.) Butler Chain (Fla.) Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Citrus fruit industry--Florida Agriculture--Florida Description Chase & Company was established by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase in 1884. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. By 1886, the Chase brothers purchased several citrus groves to expand their business, including Isleworth Grove in Windermere, Florida. Isleworth Grove covered a total of 1,300 acres along the Butler Chain of Lakes. Between 1894 and 1895, Central Florida was hit by several freezes and most of the citrus crop was destroyed. Chase & Company did not grow citrus crops again until 1904 when Joshua came back from an extended stay in California. Between 1894 and 1900, different types of pesticide equipment was created, including equipment driven by steam, machines, and horses.Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965. The Isleworth property stayed in the Chase family until 1984 when Franklin Chase, the son of Sydney Chase, sold the property to famed golfer Arnold Palmer. Is Part Of <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/93" target="_blank">Citrus Collection</a>, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Is Referenced By <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">A Guide to the Chase Collection</a> Language eng Type Collection Coverage Isleworth Grove, Windermere, Florida Contributing Project <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida <a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank">Digital Collections (UFDC)</a>, University of Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Marra, Katherine Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank">RICHES MI</a> Source Repository University of Florida, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> External Reference "<a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=600" target="_blank">Sydney Chase Sr. (1860-1941)</a>." Florida Citrus Hall of Fame. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=600. Warner, S.C. "<a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank">Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida</a>." Florida State Horticultural Society vol. 36 (1923): 198-200. Hopkins, James T. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank">Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959</a>. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960. "<a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus" target="_blank">Franklin Chase, 'Towering Figure in Citrus Industry</a>.'" The Orlando Sentinel, September 30, 1986. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus. Weaver, Brian. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43312643" target="_blank">The Citrus Industry in the Sunshine State</a>. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 1999. Contributor <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida Provenance Entire <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase. Rights Holder The displayed collection is housed at <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Original Format 1-page typewritten letter on Brockelman Brothers, Inc. letterhead Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title Letter from Brockelman Brothers, Inc. to Joshua Coffin Chase (January 24, 1928) Alternative Title Chase Correspondence (January 24, 1928) Subject Chase, Joshua Coffin, 1858-1948 Citrus fruit industry--Florida Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.) Citrus--Florida Windermere (Fla.) Oranges--Florida Orange industry--Florida Description An original letter of correspondence between Joshua Coffin Chase and Brockelman Brothers, Inc. Topics discussed in the letter include the publication of the story of Chase & Company's orange groves at Isleworth Grove, aerial photographs of the Chase property, and the meaning of the term "pine-apple orange." According to the letter, the pineapple orange produces excellent quality juice, but is extremely susceptible to freezes, citrus blight, and preharvest fruit drop. Chase & Company was established by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase in 1884. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. By 1886, the Chase brothers purchased several citrus groves to expand their business, including Isleworth Grove in Windermere, Florida. Isleworth Grove covered a total of 1,300 acres along the Butler Chain of Lakes. Between 1894 and 1895, Central Florida was hit by several freezes and most of the citrus crop was destroyed. Chase & Company did not grow citrus crops again until 1904 when Joshua came back from an extended stay in California. Between 1894 and 1900, different types of pesticide equipment was created, including equipment driven by steam, machines, and horses.Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965. The Isleworth property stayed in the Chase family until 1984 when Franklin Chase, the son of Sydney Chase, sold the property to famed golfer Arnold Palmer. Type Text Source Original letter from Brockelman Brothers, Inc. to Joshua Coffin Chase, January 24, 1928: box 49, folder 20.84, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection (MS 14)</a>, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Is Referenced By Folder referenced in Chase Collection finding guide, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm</a>. Coverage Fitchburg, Massachusetts Chase & Company Office, Orlando, Florida Isleworth Grove, Windermere, Florida Creator Brockelman Brothers, Inc. Date Created 1928-01-24 Format image/jpg Extent 164 KB Medium 1-page typewritten letter on Brockelman Brothers, Inc. letterhead Language eng Mediator History Teacher Economics Teacher Provenance Entire <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase. Rights Holder The displayed collection item is housed at <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. <a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank">RICHES of Central Florida</a> has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only. Accrual Method Donation Contributing Project <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, University of Florida <a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank">Digital Collections (UFDC)</a>, University of Florida Curator Cepero, Laura Source Repository University of Florida, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a> External Reference Warner, S.C. "<a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank">Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida</a>." Florida State Horticultural Society vol. 36 (1923): 198-200. Hopkins, James T. <a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank">Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959</a>. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960. "<a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=960" target="_blank">Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948)</a>." Florida Citrus Hall of Fame. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&bID=0&dd_asId=960. Transcript Chase Correspondence, Box 49, folder 20.84 FITCHBURG CLINTON LEOMINSTER GARDNER NASHUA LOWELL MARKETS STORES BROCKELMAN BROS, Inc. FITCHBURG, MASS June 24, 1928 Mr. J.C. Chase, c/o The Chase Investment Co., Orlando, Florida. Dear Sir: We thank you very much for your letter of January 20, which gives us the story of your Orange groves and Oranges. We will write up a good story about these and put it in the next issue of our Broadcaster, a small magazine that we send out to 15M R.F.D. Box Holders, in the interest of our twelve stores. We are enclosing a copy of our Broadcaster herewith. We note that you are going to have some aerial pictures of your property in the near future. When you get some of these, if you could send us a print from a negative (not just a print run off in a printing press), we will be very glad to have a cut made and print it in the Broadcaster, together with the story of the groves. We are quite interested to know the exact meaning of the term “Pineapple Orange”: i.e., what quality or flavor, juiciness, size, etc., is so designated. Yours very truly, BROCKELMAN BROS. INC. Enc. JHG/T Is Part Of <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank">Chase Collection</a> (MS 14), box 49, folder 20.84, <a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank">Special and Area Studies Collections</a>, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/88" target="_blank">Isleworth Collection</a>, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida. Digital Collection <a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/">RICHES MI</a> Broadcaster Brockelman Brockelman Brothers, Inc. Chase and Company Chase, Joshua Coffin citrus citrus grove citrus industry Fitchburg, Massachusetts grove Isleworth Grove orange orange grove orange industry pineapple orange pineapple oranges Windermere