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                  <text>Oviedo Historical Society Collection</text>
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                  <text>Oviedo (Fla).</text>
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                  <text>The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015.&#13;
&#13;
The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank"&gt;Dr. Connie L. Lester&lt;/a&gt;'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/.</text>
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                  <text>Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oviedo, Biography of a Town&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. S.l: s.n.], 1979.</text>
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                  <text>Robison, Jim. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Around Oviedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 2012.</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank"&gt;History&lt;/a&gt;." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68.</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks&lt;/a&gt;." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3.</text>
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                <text>...And Another Learns His Lesson</text>
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                <text>Another Learns His Lesson</text>
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                <text>Slavia (Fla.)</text>
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                <text> Cars</text>
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                <text>A newspaper photograph published by &lt;em&gt;The Oviedo Outlook&lt;/em&gt; on July 7, 1971. This photograph shows a car stuck in a ditch off of Florida State Road 426 in Slavia, Florida. According to the caption, the driver's car slipped off the road when it was raining.</text>
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                <text>Original newspaper article: "...And Another Learns His Lesson." &lt;em&gt;The Oviedo Outlook&lt;/em&gt;, Vol. 1, No. 3, July 7, 1971: Private Collection of Dan Beistel.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                <text>Digital reproduction of original newspaper article: "...And Another Learns His Lesson." &lt;a href="http://www.seminolevoice.com/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Oviedo Outlook&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, Vol. 1, No. 3, July 7, 1971.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.seminolevoice.com/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Oviedo Outlook&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Beistel, Dan</text>
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                <text>ca. 1971-07-07</text>
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                <text>Originally published by &lt;a href="http://www.seminolevoice.com/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Oviedo Outlook&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by &lt;a href="http://www.seminolevoice.com/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Seminole Voice&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Dossie, Porsha</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks&lt;/a&gt;." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3.</text>
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                <text>Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oviedo, Biography of a Town&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. S.l: s.n.], 1979.</text>
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                <text>Robison, Jim. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Around Oviedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 2012.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank"&gt;History&lt;/a&gt;." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68.</text>
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                  <text>Orlando Gay Chorus Collection</text>
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&lt;div class="element-text"&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                  <text>The Orlando Gay Chorus (OGC) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit arts and humanitarian organization, and part of the Gay and Lesbian Association (GALA) of Choruses. Founded on Valentines Day 1990, OGC is not only one of the largest mixed gay choirs in the United States at over 100 members, but they also boast four smaller ensembles that perform annual concerts, cabarets, and a host of community events, such as Come Out With Pride, Orlando Museum of Art’s Festival of Trees, and World AIDS Day memorial services. In 2017, the group performed at over 105 events, including 15 performances for the first anniversary of the Pulse Nightclub tragedy. Members come from all walks of life and all sexual and gender orientations, including straight allies. OGC lives by the motto “Singing the World to a Better Place” and strives to use music to change attitudes and build a stronger community. </text>
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                <text>OGC… By Request, The Club at Firestone</text>
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                <text>A program for the Orlando Gay Chorus' concert, "Orlando Gay Chorus... By Request", on March 21 &amp;amp</text>
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                <text> 22, 1998, at the Club At Firestone in Orlando, Florida. The program includes short biographies on the Music Director Aubrey Connelly and the Accompanist Kathy Slage, program notes, an outline of the show's itinerary, a list of chorus members and contributors, and a brief history of GALA Choruses. It also features a message from the President of the Orlando Gay Chorus, Tommy Robinson.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 
The Orlando Gay Chorus (OGC) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit arts and humanitarian organization, and part of the Gay and Lesbian Association (GALA) of Choruses. Founded on Valentines Day 1990, OGC is not only one of the largest mixed gay choirs in the United States at over 100 members, but they also boast four smaller ensembles that perform annual concerts, cabarets, and a host of community events, such as Come Out With Pride, Orlando Museum of Art’s Festival of Trees, and World AIDS Day memorial services. In 2017, the group performed at over 105 events, including 15 performances for the first anniversary of the Pulse Nightclub tragedy. Members come from all walks of life and all sexual and gender orientations, including straight allies. OGC lives by the motto “Singing the World to a Better Place” and strives to use music to change attitudes and build a stronger community. </text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/206" target="_blank"&gt;Orlando Gay Chorus Collection&lt;/a&gt;, LGBTQ+ Collection, RICHES.</text>
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            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>1998-03-21</text>
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          <element elementId="92">
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            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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            <description/>
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            <description/>
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              <elementText elementTextId="679797">
                <text> Music Teacher</text>
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                <text> Art Teacher </text>
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                <text>Originally created and published by the &lt;a href="https://orlandogaychorus.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Orlando Gay Chorus&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by &lt;a href="https://orlandogaychorus.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Orlando Gay Chorus&lt;/a&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Ahlquist, Karen. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62281651" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Chorus and Community&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2006.</text>
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                <text> Boedeker, Hal. "&lt;a href="http://www.orlandosentinel.com/features/os-orlando-gay-chorus-25-year"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <name>Aubrey Connelly</name>
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      <tag tagId="55436">
        <name>Bethlehem</name>
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      <tag tagId="18652">
        <name>diversity</name>
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      <tag tagId="55384">
        <name>Finlandia</name>
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      <tag tagId="55496">
        <name>Gershwin Medley</name>
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      <tag tagId="6933">
        <name>GLBT</name>
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      <tag tagId="55497">
        <name>God Help the Outcast</name>
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      <tag tagId="55498">
        <name>Hanky Panky</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="55341">
        <name>Hit Me with a Hot Note</name>
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      <tag tagId="55499">
        <name>I Have a Love</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="55424">
        <name>I Shall Miss Loving You</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="55422">
        <name>I'm Going to Go Back There Someday</name>
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      <tag tagId="55440">
        <name>Kathy Slage</name>
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      <tag tagId="18489">
        <name>LGBT</name>
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      <tag tagId="45913">
        <name>LGBTQ+</name>
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      <tag tagId="54224">
        <name>Love Don't Need a Reason</name>
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      <tag tagId="55500">
        <name>Marry Us</name>
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      <tag tagId="55501">
        <name>OGC... By Request</name>
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      <tag tagId="55428">
        <name>One Hand, One Heart</name>
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      <tag tagId="55345">
        <name>Paul R. Ericson Memorial Fund</name>
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      <tag tagId="55502">
        <name>Sing Out Loud</name>
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      <tag tagId="55503">
        <name>Some of My Best Friends Are Straight</name>
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      <tag tagId="55504">
        <name>That's My Life</name>
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      <tag tagId="55495">
        <name>The Condom Song</name>
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      <tag tagId="21276">
        <name>The Way We Were</name>
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      <tag tagId="55491">
        <name>Tommy Robinson</name>
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      <tag tagId="55337">
        <name>You Are My Star</name>
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              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://www.thehistorycenter.org/research/library" target="_blank"&gt;Orange County Regional History Center&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://sanfordhistory.tripod.com/index.html" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Historical Society, Inc.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="106449">
                  <text>&lt;a href="http://www.sanfordfl.gov/index.aspx?page=456" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Museum&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="106450">
                  <text>&lt;a href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/" target="_blank"&gt;State Library and Archives of Florida&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text> Lake Monroe (Seminole County and Volusia County, Fla.) </text>
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                  <text>Riverfronts</text>
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              <name>Is Part Of</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="443913">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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              <name>Language</name>
              <description/>
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              <description/>
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              <elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="133">
              <name>Curator</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Marra, Katherine</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="443919">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            </element>
            <element elementId="136">
              <name>External Reference</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505352">
                  <text>&lt;em&gt;The Seminole Herald&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52633016" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sanford: Our First 125 Years&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. [Sanford, FL]: The Herald, 2002.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Sanford Historical Society (Fla.). &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53015288" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Sanford&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2003.</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>'Grand Romance' Side-Wheeled Steamer Tour Boat</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="141435">
                <text>Waterfront Districts</text>
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                <text>Lakes &amp; ponds</text>
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                <text>Steamboat lines</text>
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            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="141441">
                <text>The Grand Romance steamer tour boat in the 1990s. By the mid-1880s, Sanford, Florida had become a major distribution center due to the city's strategic location along Lake Monroe and the St. Johns River. Even before Florida obtained statehood, steamboats frequented the St. Johns River carrying U.S. Army soldiers to Fort Mellon, located on the shores of Lake Monroe, to defend the area against Native Americans during the Seminole Wars. Steamboats were used at the fort and during the Battle of Camp Monroe to relocate Seminoles, explore the St. Johns River, and to distribute military forces. During the second half of the 1830s, steamboats were used to tow barges from the river to Lake Monroe in order to stimulate trade. The first commercial steamboat was developed as the Brock Line in the early 1850s. As trade grew, various wharves and docks were built in locations such as Mellonville Avenue, Palmetto Avenue, Oak Street, and Sanford Avenue. The Debary-Baya Merchant Line began transporting passengers in 1883, which further developed the steamboat industry. The line was purchased by the Clyde Line in 1886 and remained open until 1933. The growth of railroads was the primary cause of the decline of the steamboat industry.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="141444">
                <text>&lt;a title="State Archives of Florida" href="http://dlis.dos.state.fl.us/index_Researchers.cfm" target="_blank"&gt;State Library and Archives of Florida&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>De Berard, Ella Teague. &lt;em&gt;Steamboats in the Hyacinths&lt;/em&gt;. Daytona Beach, Fla: College Pub. Co, 1956.</text>
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                <text>"Steamboats." Museum of Seminole County History, Seminole County, Florida Government. http://www.seminolecountyfl.gov/core/fileparse.php/3338/urlt/steamboats.pdf.</text>
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                <text>GRAND ROMANCE</text>
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                <text>&lt;a title="Department of Commerce Collection" href="http://floridamemory.com/photographiccollection/collections/?id=6" target="_blank"&gt;Department of Commerce Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/10" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Riverfront Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "'O Sole Mio," composed by Eduardo di Capua (1865-1917), with lyrics by Giovanni Capurro (1859-1920), and performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini live on-air on WUCF-FM on April 23, 2007. Jeff Rupert (b. 1964) is a freelance tenor saxophonist, Director of Jazz Studies and professor at the University of Central Florida (UCF), founder of Flying Horse Records, composer, and Yamaha performing artist. He has recorded with numerous artists, including Maynard Ferguson (1928-2006), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Mel Tormé (1925-1999), and Benny Carter, whose 1992 album, Harlem Renaissance, Rupert appeared on, won a Grammy award. He has recorded and performed with his own bands as well, including Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini and The Jazz Professors. "'O Sole Mio" is an internationally popular Neapolitan song composed in 1898 that has been recorded by numerous artists. The 1980 recording by Luciano Pavarotti (1935-2007) won the Grammy Award for Best Classical Vocal Performance.</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 3-second audio recording: Capurro, Giovanni, and Eduard di Capua. "'O Sole Mio," by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, April 23, 2007.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text> Naples, Campania, Italy</text>
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                <text> di Capua, Eduardo</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Eduardo di Capua and Giovanni Capurro, performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Eduardo di Capua and Giovanni Capurro and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/jeffrupert" target="_blank"&gt;Jeff Rupert&lt;/a&gt;." All About Jazz. http://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/jeffrupert (accessed March 18, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html" target="_blank"&gt;History of Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;." Weeki Wachee Springs State Park. http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Pelland, Maryan, and Dan Pelland. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67516850" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Vickers, Lu, and Bonnie Georgiadis. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780478262" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weeki Wachee Mermaids: Thirty Years of Underwater Photography&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by &lt;em&gt;The Independent&lt;/em&gt;, St. Petersburg, Florida, and is provided here by &lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Rizzo, Marian. "&lt;a href="https://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130814/News/604145183/OS" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;'Human Fish' Had a Life Filled With Aquatic Exploits&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Ocala Star Banner&lt;/em&gt;. August 14, 2013. https://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130814/News/604145183/OS. Accessed May 15, 2020.</text>
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                <text>Turtle, Howard. "Kansas Citians Stage Shows in Deep Water in Florida." &lt;em&gt;Kansas City Star&lt;/em&gt;. March 7, 1948.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Autumn Leaves," composed by Joseph Kosma (1905-1969) with lyrics by Jacques Prévert (1900-1977, and performed by Larry Coryell (b. 1943) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 8, 1999. Coryell is an American jazz fusion guitarist, composer, and one of the pioneers of jazz-rock, a fusion genre that combines elements of blues, rock, country, and bop. Considered by many to be one of the greatest guitarists of all time, Coryell has shared the stage with Miles Davis (1926-1991) and Jimi Hendrix (1942-1970). He has remained active since the 1960s, recording over 100 albums. "Autumn Leaves" is a jazz and pop standard composed by Kosma in 1945. American songwriter Johnny Mercer (1909-1976) wrote English lyrics in 1947.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Joseph Kosma and Jacques Prévert and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Coryell, Larry. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/72150176" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Improvising: My Life in Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Backbeat, 2007.</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                <text>An audio recording of "Bad Moon," composed and performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini live on-air on WUCF-FM on April 23, 2007. Jeff Rupert (b. 1964) is a freelance tenor saxophonist, Director of Jazz Studies and professor at the University of Central Florida (UCF), founder of Flying Horse Records, composer, and Yamaha performing artist. He has recorded with numerous artists, including Maynard Ferguson (1928-2006), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Mel Tormé (1925-1999), and Benny Carter, whose 1992 album, Harlem Renaissance, Rupert appeared on, won a Grammy award. He has recorded and performed with his own bands as well, including Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini and The Jazz Professors. "Bad Moon" was written by Rupert and recorded on his 2009 album, &lt;em&gt;From Memphis to Mobile&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Jeff Rupert, performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                <text>1999-06-08</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Milt Jackson, performed by Larry Coryell, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Milt Jackson and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Beatrice"  by the Sam Rivers Trio</text>
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                <text>"Beatrice" by Sam Rivers Trio</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Beatrice," composed by Sam Rivers (1923-2011) and performed by the Sam Rivers Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 11, 2001. Rivers was a jazz multi-instrumentalist and composer from Oklahoma, who helped popularize free jazz and avant-garde jazz. Rivers was briefly a member of the Miles Davis Quintet before going on to lead his own groups and perform as a sideman with a number of artists. Rivers and his wife, Bea Rivers, opened a public jazz loft known as Studio Rivbea in the 1970s in Lower Manhattan in New York City, New York. The couple moved to Orlando, Florida, in the early 1990s, where Rivers continued to perform with his Orchestra and Trio. This incarnation of the Sam Rivers Trio included the rhythm section from his Rivbea All-Star Orchestra: bassist Doug Mathews and drummer Anthony Cole. "Beatrice" was recorded and released on the 1964 Sam Rivers album, &lt;em&gt;Fuschia Swing Song&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Original 3-minute and 44-second audio recording: Rivers, Sam. "Beatrice," by the Sam Rivers Trio: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 11, 2001.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Sam Rivers, performed by the Sam Rivers Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Sam Rivers and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Chinen, Nate. "&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/755624978" target="_blank"&gt;Sam Rivers, Jazz Artist of Loft Scene, Dies at 88&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The New York Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 27, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/28/arts/music/sam-rivers-jazz-musician-dies-at-88.html?_r=0 (Accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Bistro Stomp," composed and performed by Nathen Page (1937-2003) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 23, 2000. Page was an American guitarist from West Virginia who moved to Central Florida in 1979, where he remained active until his death in 2003. Page was known for his unorthodox way of playing, including using a thumb pick on his forefinger. He performed with numerous jazz musicians, including Sonny Rollins (b. 1930), Roberta Flack (b. 1937), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Herbie Mann (1930-2003), and Jackie McLean (1931-2006). Page released this on-air recording as a 2000 album, entitled &lt;em&gt;Thinking of You&lt;/em&gt;. The performance included his regular quartet, with Kevin Bales on piano, Leon Anderson on drums, and Jeff Handley on bass.</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 23-second audio recording: Page, Nathen. "Bistro Stomp," by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, June 23, 2000.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Nathen Page and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                <text>An audio recording of "Blues for Alvin," composed and performed by Nathen Page (1937-2003) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 23, 2000. Page was an American guitarist from West Virginia who moved to Central Florida in 1979, where he remained active until his death in 2003. Page was known for his unorthodox way of playing, including using a thumb pick on his forefinger. He performed with numerous jazz musicians, including Sonny Rollins (b. 1930), Roberta Flack (b. 1937), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Herbie Mann (1930-2003), and Jackie McLean (1931-2006). Page released this on-air recording as a 2000 album, entitled &lt;em&gt;Thinking of You&lt;/em&gt;. The performance included his regular quartet, with Kevin Bales on piano, Leon Anderson on drums, and Jeff Handley on bass.</text>
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                <text>Originally composed by Nathen Page, performed by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Nathen Page and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Gettelman, Parry. "&lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano" target="_blank"&gt;Nathen Page, Jazz Maverick&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, January 19, 1992. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano (Accessed March 16, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Blues for Brad," composed and performed by &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nathen Page (1937-2003) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 23, 2000. Page was an American guitarist from West Virginia who moved to Central Florida in 1979, where he remained active until his death in 2003. Page was known for his unorthodox way of playing, including using a thumb pick on his forefinger. He performed with numerous jazz musicians, including Sonny Rollins (b. 1930), Roberta Flack (b. 1937), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Herbie Mann (1930-2003), and Jackie McLean (1931-2006). Page released this on-air recording as a 2000 album, entitled Thinking of You. The performance included his regular quartet, with Kevin Bales on piano, Leon Anderson on drums, and Jeff Handley on bass.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Original 6-minute and 38-second audio recording: Page, Nathen. "Blues for Brad," by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, June 23, 2000.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally composed by Nathen Page, performed by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Nathen Page and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Gettelman, Parry. &lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano" target="_blank"&gt;”Nathen Page, Jazz Maverick&lt;/a&gt;.” &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, January 19, 1992. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano (Accessed March 16, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Blues for Diz" by Arturo Sandoval</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Blues for Diz," composed and performed by Arturo Sandoval (b. 1949) live on-air on WUCF-FM on October 9, 1999. A protégé of trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993), who was the first musician to bring Latin influences into American jazz, Cuban-born Sandoval became one of the most celebrated trumpeters of all-time, winning ten Grammy Awards, six Billboard Awards, and an Emmy Award. Sandoval defected to the United States while touring with Gillespie in 1990. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama (b. 1961) in 2013. Arturo Sandoval's Jazz Club was briefly open in Miami Beach, Florida, in the late 2000s. "Blues for Diz" was written and recorded by Sandoval on his 2005 album, &lt;em&gt;Live at the Blue Note&lt;/em&gt;, and features Sandoval's renowned scatting.</text>
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                <text>Original 1-minute and 25-second audio recording: Sandoval, Arturo. "Blues for Diz," by Arturo Sandoval: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, October 9, 1999.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Arturo Sandoval and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Simon, Robert, Arturo Sandoval, and Marianela Sandoval. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880150347" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;John "Dizzy" Birks Gillespie: The Man Who Changed My Life: from the Memoirs of Arturo Sandoval&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Chicago, IL: GIA Publications, 2014</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <text>Original 7-minute and 3-second audio recording: Page, Nathen. "Blues in the Key of Page," by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, June 23, 2000.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Nathen Page and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>DeLand, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Blues in the Key of Page" by Nathen Page</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Blues in the Key of Page," composed and performed by &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Nathen Page (1937-2003) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 23, 2000. Page was an American guitarist from West Virginia who moved to Central Florida in 1979, where he remained active until his death in 2003. Page was known for his unorthodox way of playing, including using a thumb pick on his forefinger. He performed with numerous jazz musicians, including Sonny Rollins (b. 1930), Roberta Flack (b. 1937), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Herbie Mann (1930-2003), and Jackie McLean (1931-2006). Page released this on-air recording as a 2000 album, entitled Thinking of You. The performance included his regular quartet, with Kevin Bales on piano, Leon Anderson on drums, and Jeff Handley on bass.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Original 7-minute and 51-second audio recording: Page, Nathen. "Blues in the Key of Page," by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, June 23, 2000.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text> Humanities Teacher</text>
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                <text>Originally composed by Nathen Page, performed by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Nathen Page and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Gettelman, Parry. &lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano" target="_blank"&gt;”Nathen Page, Jazz Maverick&lt;/a&gt;.” &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, January 19, 1992. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano (Accessed March 16, 2015).</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Blues-ette" by Ira Sullivan</text>
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                <text>"Blues-ette" by Ira Sullivan</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Blues-ette," composed by Curtis Fuller (b. 1934) and performed by Ira Sullivan (b. 1931) live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 8, 2006. A multi-instrumentalist, Sullivan was a crucial part of the Chicago jazz scene of the 1950s, performing with numerous artists, including a stint with Art Blakey (1919-1990) and the Jazz Messengers in 1956. He left the spotlight and moved to Florida to raise his family in the early 1960s, eventually starting a quintet with Red Rodney (1927-1994). Sullivan taught summers at the University of Miami's Young Musician's Camp, in which professional musicians and faculty from the UM School of Music instructed students between 7 and 18 years old in classical music, jazz, rock, songwriting, composition, and musical theater. "Blues-ette" was written and recorded by Fuller for his 1959 album of the same name.</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 4-second audio recording: Fuller, Curtis. "Blues-ette," by Ira Sullivan: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 8, 2006.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Curtis Fuller, performed by Ira Sullivan, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Curtis Fuller and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Meredith, Bill. "&lt;a href="http://jazztimes.com/articles/19200-ira-sullivan-family-first" target="_blank"&gt;Ira Sullivan: Family First&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Jazz Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 2007. http://jazztimes.com/articles/19200-ira-sullivan-family-first (Accessed March 23, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. &#13;
&#13;
During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock.&#13;
&#13;
Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music.&#13;
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                  <text>Wahl, Julie</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <description/>
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                  <text>Altschuler, Glenn C. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.</text>
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                  <text>Fisher, Marc. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Random House, 2007.</text>
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                  <text>Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Haworth Press, 1999.</text>
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              <description/>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
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                <text>"Bo Diddley" by The Rovin' Flames</text>
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                <text>"Bo Diddley" by Rovin' Flames</text>
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                <text>Rovin' Flames (Musical group)</text>
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                <text> Tampa (Fla.)</text>
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                <text> Music--United States</text>
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                <text> Musicians--Southern States</text>
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                <text> Rock music--United States</text>
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                <text> Diddley, Bo, 1928-2008</text>
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                <text> Bates, Ellas, 1928-2008</text>
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                <text> Goff, Jerry</text>
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                <text> Morris, Jimmy</text>
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                <text>A 45 RPM vinyl record single of the song, "Bo Diddley," recorded by The Rovin' Flames on Tampa Bay Records at H and H Productions in Tampa, Florida, in June of 1966. The record was produced by Phil Kempin and the song was written by Bo Diddley, a.k.a. Ellas Otha Bates or Ellas McDaniel. The B-side is "Seven Million People."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Rovin' Flames were formed in Tampa in 1965 by Paul Battle (rhythm guitar and vocals), Jimmy "Mouse" Morris (lead guitar), J. R. Maietta (bass) and Jerry Goff (drums). They recorded "Gloria/J.J.J.P." in September 1965 on Fuller Records and recorded their second record, "I Can't/I'm Afraid to Go Home," on Boss records in March of 1966. Hardy Dial, from The Outsiders/Soul Trippers, was added on lead vocals in the summer of 1966, and the group recorded "Bo Diddley/Seven Million People" in June of 1966. Battle, Goff, and Dial left the group in September of 1966 and were replaced by Jim Davis (vocals), Davy Tabak (drums) and John Rogers (organ). Davis left in December of 1966 and Battle briefly returned as lead vocalist, before being replaced by John DeLise, also of The Outsiders/Soul Trippers, in February of 1967. The group replaced Tabak with Eddie Taylor on drums in July of 1967, and recorded "How Many Times/Love Song No. 6" in September of 1967 on Decca Records. Although DeLise lasted longer than most of the band's lead vocalists, he left the group in less than a year, being replaced by Bob Thompson in November of 1967. Rogers passed away in March of 1968, and Thompson and Taylor left the group, being replaced by Jay Colding (organ), Jerry Nickerson (drums) and Ronnie Goedert (lead vocals), in July of 1968. Goedert left shortly thereafter in the fall of 1968, and was replaced by Hobie O'Brien, who remained the lead vocalist until the band broke up in January or February of 1969.</text>
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                <text>Original vinyl record, June 1966: &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank"&gt;Rock Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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            <name>Is Format Of</name>
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                <text>Digital reproduction of original vinyl record, June 1966. &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/resources/capture-20130201-091134.jpg" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/resources/capture-20130201-091134.jpg&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Tampa, Florida</text>
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                <text>Diddley, Bo</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552961">
                <text> The Rovin' Flames</text>
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                <text>Tampa Bay Records</text>
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                <text>1966-06</text>
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                <text>45 RPM vinyl record</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552966">
                <text>eng</text>
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                <text> Humanities Teacher</text>
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                <text> Music Teacher</text>
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            <name>Rights Holder</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552970">
                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552973">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552976">
                <text>Joynson, Vernon. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38424827" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuzz, Acid and Flowers: A Comprehensive Guide to American Garage, Psychedelic and Hippie Rock (1964-1975) : (Includes Rarity/Sought-After Scale and Compilation Listings)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Glasgow: Borderline, 1997.</text>
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                <text>Jones, Martin. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/759863392" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lovers Buggers &amp;amp; Thieves: Garage Rock - Monster Rock - Progressive Rock - Psychedelic Rock - Folk Rock. Vol. 1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Manchester: Headpress, 2005.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552978">
                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/the-rovin-flames.php" target="_blank"&gt;The Rovin' Flames&lt;/a&gt;." http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/the-rovin-flames.php.</text>
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        <name>Battle, Paul</name>
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        <name>Bo Diddley</name>
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        <name>Dial, Hardy</name>
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        <name>Diddley, Bo</name>
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        <name>garage band</name>
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        <name>Kempin, Phil</name>
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        <name>Maietta, J. R.</name>
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        <name>McDaniel, Ellas</name>
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        <name>Morris, Jimmy "Mouse"</name>
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        <name>The Rovin' Flames</name>
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        <name>vinyl record</name>
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        <src>https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/75e5270e88333ddfe2418bc24bf77285.mp3</src>
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                  <text>Jazz Collection</text>
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                  <text>Jazz Collection</text>
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                  <text>Music--United States</text>
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                  <text>Jazz--United States</text>
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                  <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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              <name>Contributor</name>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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              <name>Coverage</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523471">
                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523472">
                  <text>DeLand, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="523473">
                  <text>Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="560067">
                  <text>WUCF-TV, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida</text>
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              <name>Curator</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="523474">
                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="523475">
                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="523477">
                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="524875">
                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="524876">
                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Bouquet"  by the Sam Rivers Trio</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="526653">
                <text>"Bouquet" by Sam Rivers Trio</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
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                <text> Music--United States</text>
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                <text> Jazz--United States</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Bouquet," composed by Sam Rivers (1923-2011) and performed by the Sam Rivers Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 11, 2001. Rivers was a jazz multi-instrumentalist and composer from Oklahoma, who helped popularize free jazz and avant-garde jazz. Rivers was briefly a member of the Miles Davis Quintet before going on to lead his own groups and perform as a sideman with a number of artists. Rivers and his wife, Bea Rivers, opened a public jazz loft known as Studio Rivbea in the 1970s in Lower Manhattan in New York City, New York. The couple moved to Orlando, Florida, in the early 1990s, where Rivers continued to perform with his Orchestra and Trio. This incarnation of the Sam Rivers Trio included the rhythm section from his Rivbea All-Star Orchestra: bassist Doug Mathews and drummer Anthony Cole.</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 37-second audio recording: Rivers, Sam. "Bouquet," by the Sam Rivers Trio: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 11, 2001.</text>
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                <text>Multimedia software, such as &lt;a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"&gt; QuickTime&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Sam Rivers, performed by the Sam Rivers Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Sam Rivers and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Chinen, Nate. "&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/755624978" target="_blank"&gt;Sam Rivers, Jazz Artist of Loft Scene, Dies at 88&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The New York Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 27, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/28/arts/music/sam-rivers-jazz-musician-dies-at-88.html?_r=0 (Accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Carrie" by Nathen Page</text>
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                <text>"Carrie" by Nathen Page</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Carrie," composed and performed by Nathen Page (1937-2003) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 23, 2000. Page was an American guitarist from West Virginia who moved to Central Florida in 1979, where he remained active until his death in 2003. Page was known for his unorthodox way of playing, including using a thumb pick on his forefinger. He performed with numerous jazz musicians, including Sonny Rollins (b. 1930), Roberta Flack (b. 1937), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Herbie Mann (1930-2003), and Jackie McLean (1931-2006). Page released this on-air recording as a 2000 album, entitled &lt;em&gt;Thinking of You&lt;/em&gt;. The performance included his regular quartet, with Kevin Bales on piano, Leon Anderson on drums, and Jeff Handley on bass.</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 50-second audio recording: Page, Nathen. "Carrie," by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, June 23, 2000.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Nathen Page and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Gettelman, Parry. "&lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano" target="_blank"&gt;Nathen Page, Jazz Maverick&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, January 19, 1992. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano (Accessed March 16, 2015).</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Christmas Time is Here," composed by Lee Mendelson (b. 1933) and Vince Guaraldi (1928-1976), and performed by Ira Sullivan (b. 1931) live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 8, 2006. A multi-instrumentalist, Sullivan was a crucial part of the Chicago jazz scene of the 1950s, performing with numerous artists, including a stint with Art Blakey (1919-1990) and the Jazz Messengers in 1956. He left the spotlight and moved to Florida to raise his family in the early 1960s, eventually starting a quintet with Red Rodney (1927-1994). Sullivan taught summers at the University of Miami's Young Musician's Camp, in which professional musicians and faculty from the UM School of Music instructed students between 7 and 18 years old in classical music, jazz, rock, songwriting, composition, and musical theater. "Christmas Time is Here" is a jazz standard written for the 1965 network television special, &lt;em&gt;A Charlie Brown Christmas&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Original 7-minute and 8-second audio recording: Mendelson, Lee, and Vince Guaraldi. "Christmas Time is Here," by Ira Sullivan: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 8, 2006.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Florida-France Soldier Stories Project&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War&lt;/a&gt;." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The &lt;/span&gt;Florida-France Soldier Stories&lt;span&gt;project seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>A photograph captured by Staff Sergeant Humphrey McCarter of a medical detachment belonging to the 761st Tank Battalion. The photograph is then featured on page 118 of Trezzvant W. Anderson’s “Come out Fighting: The Epic Tale of the 761st Tank Battalion, 1942-1945.” &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A notable soldier listed in the photograph's description is Clifford C. Adams (1923-1944). Adams was born in Charleston, SC, but raised in Overtown, FL. A suburb of Miami, Overtown became a center for Miami’s black community at a time when Miami was becoming increasingly segregated. The Army assigned Adams to the 761st Tank Battalion and landed him and his comrades in France on October 9, 1944. During the Battalion’s first combat mission, Adams was struck in the chest by an exploding shell while giving medical attention to another soldier; he died later that day. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Florida-France Soldiers Stories Project&lt;/a&gt; seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work.</text>
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                <text>This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;• reproduce the work in print or digital form&lt;br /&gt;• create derivative works&lt;br /&gt;• perform the work publicly&lt;br /&gt;• display the work&lt;br /&gt;• distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This resource is provided here by &lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to &lt;a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105"&gt;Section 5&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html"&gt;Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>"Florida-France Solider Stories Memorializes Veteran Experiences." &lt;em&gt;CAH News&lt;/em&gt;, June 21, 2023. &lt;a href="https://news.cah.ucf.edu/news/florida-france-soldier-stories-memorializes-veteran-experiences/"&gt;https://news.cah.ucf.edu/news/florida-france-soldier-stories-memorializes-veteran-experiences/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Anderson, Trezzvant W. &lt;em&gt;Come Out Fighting: The Epic Tale of the 761st Tank Battalion, 1942-1945&lt;/em&gt;. Salzburger Druckerei and Verlag, 1979.</text>
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                <text>"COME OUT FIGHTING"&lt;br&gt;&#13;
(Photo by S-Sgt. Humphrey McCarter)&lt;br&gt;&#13;
These Medics Performed Heroic Service Under Fire and Under all Sorts of Conditions&lt;br&gt;&#13;
Here is our Medical Department, at the end of the war. It was this detachment which lost the first member of the 761st to die in action, when Private Clifford C. Adams, of Waco, Texas, was killed on November 8, 1944, on the first day of battle.&lt;br&gt;In the picture, from left to right, they are: Front row: Sergeant Ray Roberson; Private First Class Arthur Fowler; Private First Class Wardell Hughes; Private First Class Ralph Crayton; Private First Class Albert Aikens; Private First Class Louis Hayles; and Private First Class Jessie Fobbs.&lt;br&gt;Standing: Corporal Floyd Humphrey, Jr.; Corporal Nathan Folse; Corporal Richard Yewell; Staff Sergeant John Phifer; Captain William H. Bruce, Jr.; Private First Class Farris Phillips; Corporal Homer Bracey; Sergeant Charles R. Stewart; and Technical Sergeant Howard Bowman.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>DeLand, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Con Alma" by Ira Sullivan</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Con Alma," composed by Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993) and performed by Ira Sullivan (b. 1931) live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 8, 2006. A multi-instrumentalist, Sullivan was a crucial part of the Chicago jazz scene of the 1950s, performing with numerous artists, including a stint with Art Blakey (1919-1990) and the Jazz Messengers in 1956. He left the spotlight and moved to Florida to raise his family in the early 1960s, eventually starting a quintet with Red Rodney (1927-1994). Sullivan taught summers at the University of Miami's Young Musician's Camp, in which professional musicians and faculty from the UM School of Music instructed students between 7 and 18 years old in classical music, jazz, rock, songwriting, composition, and musical theater. "Con Alma" is a jazz standard written and recorded by Gillespie for his 1954 album, &lt;em&gt;Afro&lt;/em&gt;. The song combines aspects of bebop jazz and Latin rhythm.</text>
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                <text>Original 7-minute and 52-second audio recording: Gillespie, Dizzy. "Con Alma," by Ira Sullivan: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 8, 2006.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Dizzy Gillespie, performed by Ira Sullivan, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Dizzy Gillespie and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/about.php" target="_blank"&gt;About WUCF&lt;/a&gt;." WUCF.ucf.edu. http://wucf.ucf.edu/about.php (accessed March 9, 2015)</text>
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                <text>Meredith, Bill. "&lt;a href="http://jazztimes.com/articles/19200-ira-sullivan-family-first" target="_blank"&gt;Ira Sullivan: Family First&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Jazz Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 2007. http://jazztimes.com/articles/19200-ira-sullivan-family-first (Accessed March 23, 2015).</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fac6b51a9de60ded25045af43867f20e.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;"Con Alma" by Ira Sullivan&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <name>Dizzy Gillespie</name>
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                  <text>Select images, correspondence, and other records from the Chase Collection (MS 14) at Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida.  According to the biographical sketch in the collection's finding aid:&#13;
&#13;
"The story of the Chases in Florida began in 1878 when Sydney Octavius Chase (1860-1941), having read about orange groves in Scribner's Magazine, came to Florida from Philadelphia. His brother, Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948), joined him in 1884 and together they formed Chase and Company that year. The Chase brothers came to Florida at the right time for Florida citrus and at the right time for them as investment entrepreneurs. Strong family ties in the North provided them with financial backing for their ventures. Joshua left Florida in 1895 to work in the California citrus industry. He returned to Florida in 1904 and rejoined his brother. Another brother, Randall, remained in Philadelphia and augmented his brothers' finances when convenient. Sydney and Joshua were also important civic leaders who took part in community development, most notably in the City of Sanford. Both were elected to the Sanford city commission. They also supported the development of Rollins College, worked with the Florida Historical Society, and were the benefactors of numerous charities.&#13;
&#13;
Chase and Company began as an insurance company and branched out to storage facilities and fertilizer sales. The latter was the beginning of the company's lucrative agricultural supply division which remained in operation throughout the existence of the company. Although citrus was the primary interest, the company also invested in other agricultural pursuits including celery in central Florida, tung oil production in Jefferson County, and winter vegetables and sugar cane in the Lake Okeechobee muck lands. The company was also involved in the peach business in Georgia and North Carolina. The company was incorporated in 1914, with the Chase brothers owning 75 percent of the stock, and reincorporated in 1948. A second generation of Chases began its involvement in the family operations when Sydney O. Chase, Jr. ( b. 1890) became a citrus buyer in 1922. He was later joined by his brother Randall who served as president of Chase and Company from 1948-1965. Outside the Chase Family, Alfred Foster, W. R. Harney, and William "Billy" Leffler figured prominently as company executives and investors. The company dissolved in 1979 when its principal assets were sold to Sunniland for $5.5 million.&#13;
&#13;
The Chases' interest in citrus began when Sydney came to Florida and became associated with General Henry S. Sanford. The Chases would eventually own General Sanford's experimental farm, Belair, and the Chase family home in Sanford was located there. Over the years, the Chases invested in a number of citrus groves and owned others outright. In 1912, they organized the Chase Investment Company as a holding company for their farms. Initially, the company operated the Isleworth, Nocatee, Belair, and Kelly citrus groves as well as celery farms in Sanford. The company was renamed Chase Groves, Inc. in 1951. From time to time, Chase Investment was involved in real estate in Florida and North Carolina. The latter included Fort Caswell, a former military property that was held for a time and then sold. Unquestionably, the jewel in the Chase crown was the Isleworth grove at Windermere. Isleworth's four hundred lake-tempered acres carried the Chases through many difficult times. It proved to be the principal asset at the company's demise when it was sold to golf legend Arnold Palmer in 1984. Chase Groves dissolved that same year, 100 years after the founding of Chase and Company."</text>
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                  <text>Jacksonville (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505437">
                  <text>eng</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="51">
              <name>Type</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505438">
                  <text>Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="38">
              <name>Coverage</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505439">
                  <text>Sanford, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505440">
                  <text>Isleworth Grove, Windermere, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505441">
                  <text>Jacksonville, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505442">
                  <text>Orlando, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="138">
              <name>Contributing Project</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505443">
                  <text>&lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, University of Florida&lt;/span&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505444">
                  <text>&lt;a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;Digital Collections (UFDC)&lt;/a&gt;, University of Florida</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="133">
              <name>Curator</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505445">
                  <text>Marra, Katherine</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505446">
                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="134">
              <name>Digital Collection</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505447">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="136">
              <name>External Reference</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505448">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&amp;amp;bID=0&amp;amp;dd_asId=600" target="_blank"&gt;Sydney Chase Sr. (1860-1941)&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Florida Citrus Hall of Fame&lt;/em&gt;. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&amp;amp;bID=0&amp;amp;dd_asId=600.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505449">
                  <text>Warner, S.C. "&lt;a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Florida State Horticultural Society&lt;/em&gt; vol. 36 (1923): 198-200.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505450">
                  <text>Hopkins, James T. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510666">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus" target="_blank"&gt;Franklin Chase, 'Towering Figure in Citrus Industry&lt;/a&gt;.'" &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, September 30, 1986. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="124">
              <name>Provenance</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510663">
                  <text>Entire &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt; is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510664">
                  <text>The displayed collection is housed at &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt; at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="135">
              <name>Source Repository</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510665">
                  <text>University of Florida, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="101">
              <name>Has Part</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510786">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/90" target="_blank"&gt;Celery Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510787">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/93" target="_blank"&gt;Citrus Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510788">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/91" target="_blank"&gt;Belair Grove Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510789">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/100" target="_blank"&gt;Florida Citrus Exchange Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510790">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/88" target="_blank"&gt;Isleworth Grove Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510791">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/86" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510792">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/94" target="_blank"&gt;Holy Cross Episcopal Church Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510793">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/87" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Country Club and Golf Course Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Document</name>
      <description>A resource containing textual data.  Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="424088">
              <text>3-page typewritten manuscript</text>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411937">
                <text>"Dec. 6, 1878 to Mar. 14, 1940" Manuscript</text>
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          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Alternative Title</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>Dec. 6, 1878 to Mar. 14, 1940</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411939">
                <text>Chase, Sydney Octavius, 1860-1941</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="411940">
                <text>Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="518442">
                <text>Citrus--Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518443">
                <text>Citrus fruit industry--Florida</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411941">
                <text>An original manuscript written by Sydney Octavius Chase to be read at the Waverly Silver Jubilee on March 14, 1940. The manuscript chronicles Chase's career with topics including his first work on Belair Grove in December 1878, the cold spell of December 1878 to January 1879, traveling to Tampa by foot with Silas B. Carter, purchasing land in present-day Winter Haven, and his planting his first grove near Sanford in 1881.&#13;
&#13;
Chase &amp; Company was established in 1884 by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase &amp; Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase &amp; Company from 1948-1965.</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description/>
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              <elementText elementTextId="411942">
                <text>Text</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411943">
                <text>Original manuscript by Sydney Ocatvius Chase: "Dec. 6, 1878 to Mar. 14, 1940," 1940: box 173, folder 9.52, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection (MS 14)&lt;/a&gt;, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411944">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt; (MS 14), box 173, folder 9.52, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518444">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/23" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="105">
            <name>Is Referenced By</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411945">
                <text>Folder referenced in Chase Collection finding guide, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="103">
            <name>Is Format Of</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411946">
                <text>Digital reproduction of original manuscriptt by Sydney Ocatvius Chase: "Dec. 6, 1878 to Mar. 14, 1940," 1940.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411963">
                <text>Belair Grove, Lake Mary, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411964">
                <text> Sanford, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411965">
                <text> Apopka, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411966">
                <text> Palm Springs, Wekiva Springs, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411967">
                <text> Orlando, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411968">
                <text> Kissimmee, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411969">
                <text> Plant City, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411970">
                <text> Tampa, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411971">
                <text> Manatee, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411972">
                <text> Fort Meade, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411973">
                <text> Bartow, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411974">
                <text> Saddle Creek, Lakeland, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411975">
                <text> Winter Haven, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411976">
                <text> Waverly, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="411977">
                <text> Davenport, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411978">
                <text>Chase, Sydney Octavius</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411979">
                <text>1940</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411980">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="112">
            <name>Extent</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411981">
                <text>205 KB</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="113">
            <name>Medium</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411982">
                <text>3-page typewritten manuscript</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411983">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="122">
            <name>Mediator</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="411984">
                <text>History Teacher</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518446">
                <text>Economics Teacher</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518447">
                <text>Geography Teacher</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="124">
            <name>Provenance</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412002">
                <text>Entire &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt; is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412003">
                <text>The displayed collection item is housed at &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt; at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="117">
            <name>Accrual Method</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412004">
                <text>Donation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="138">
            <name>Contributing Project</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412010">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;, University of Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518448">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;Digital Collections (UFDC)&lt;/a&gt;, University of Florida</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="133">
            <name>Curator</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412011">
                <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="134">
            <name>Digital Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412012">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="135">
            <name>Source Repository</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412013">
                <text>University of Florida, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="136">
            <name>External Reference</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412014">
                <text>"&lt;a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&amp;amp;bID=0&amp;amp;dd_asId=600" target="_blank"&gt;Sydney Chase Sr. (1860-1941)&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Florida Citrus Hall of Fame&lt;/em&gt;. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&amp;amp;bID=0&amp;amp;dd_asId=600.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412015">
                <text>Warner, S.C. "&lt;a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Florida State Horticultural Society&lt;/em&gt; vol. 36 (1923): 198-200.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412016">
                <text>Hopkins, James T. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="111">
            <name>Requires</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="518445">
                <text>&lt;a href='http://www.adobe.com/reader.html' target='_blank'&gt;Adobe Acrobat Reader&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="12063">
        <name>anniversary</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2395">
        <name>Apopka</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3021">
        <name>Bartow</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3002">
        <name>Belair Grove</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3009">
        <name>Carter, Silas B.</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="359">
        <name>Chase and Company</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="6955">
        <name>Chase, Sydney Octavius</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="360">
        <name>citrus</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="412">
        <name>citrus grove</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="429">
        <name>citrus industry</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3004">
        <name>cold spell</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3016">
        <name>Collins House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="16009">
        <name>courthouse</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3015">
        <name>Fort Brooke</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3025">
        <name>Fort Davenport</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3020">
        <name>Fort Meade</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="356">
        <name>freeze</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3023">
        <name>Garrett</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3003">
        <name>George M. Bird</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3573">
        <name>grove</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="19683">
        <name>Hillsborough River</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="967">
        <name>Kissimmee</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3018">
        <name>Manatee</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="11110">
        <name>manuscript</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3010">
        <name>Mellonville Trail</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3014">
        <name>Miller</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="19687">
        <name>missionary</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="19684">
        <name>mule team</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3026">
        <name>Old Trail</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="19264">
        <name>orange</name>
      </tag>
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The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of blues music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;During the middle to late 19th century, African-American ex-slaves and their descendants in the Deep South began playing a style of music that evolved from Black Spirituals and chants, work songs, field hollers, rural fife and drum music, revivalist hymns, and European folk and country dance music. It was characterized by its call-and-response narrative pattern, blue notes, and specific chord progressions, of which the 12-bar blues was the most common. By the turn of the century, blues music was being performed in regions such as Louisiana, the Mississippi Delta, the Piedmont region, and Texas, typically by a solo musician on acoustic guitar, harmonica, or piano. Initially, a traditional blues verse was made up of a single line repeated four times, until the common AAB pattern was established in the early 20th century.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1912, W. C. Handy, an African-American minstrel show band leader, published "Memphis Blues," which helped popularize the genre by transcribing and orchestrating it in a symphonic-like style. Handy is also credited with giving the blues its contemporary form, and was crowned the "Father of the Blues." The unexpected success of Mamie Smith’s "Crazy Blues," eight years later, caused record labels to begin producing “race records," featuring blues singers such as Ma Rainey and Bessie Smith. Most of the blues pioneers from the 1920s performed solo with an acoustic guitar. Among the most recognized are Robert Johnson, Blind Lemon Jefferson, Son House, Leadbelly and Charlie Patton.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As blues spread from the Deep South, it took on regional characteristics and styles. The Mississippi Delta blues featured slide guitar and a rootsy, sparse style. The Piedmont blues used an elaborate ragtime-based rhythm and fingerpicking technique. The Memphis blues, popular in vaudeville and medicine shows, was influenced by jug bands, incorporating unusual instruments such as washboard, kazoo, jug, mandolin, and fiddle. Urban blues forced performers to become more elaborate, as they had to adapt to a larger, more varied audience. Boogie-woogie consisted of piano-based blues derived from barrelhouse and ragtime in Chicago. Big band blues emerged out of Kansas City and incorporated elements of jazz and swing. West Coast blues was heavily influenced by a swing beat, and popularized by Texas musicians who moved to California. Electric blues came out of Chicago, Memphis, Detroit, and St. Louis in the 1950s, using electric guitars, double bass, drums. and harmonica performed through a microphone, amplifier and PA (public address) system. By the beginning of the 1960s, the most popular genres for young Americans were rock and roll and soul music, both rooted in African-American blues.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Buried in the Deep South, Central Florida has had a long blues tradition, and a number of notable blues musicians had roots in Florida, including Tampa Red, Bo Diddley, Ray Charles, "Diamond Teeth Mary" McClain, Gabriel Brown, Noble "Thin Man" Watts, Willie Green, Blind Blake, Little Mike and the Tornadoes, Barrelhouse Chuck, and the Allman Brothers Band. Muddy Waters wrote a song for his 1977 album, &lt;em&gt;Hard Again&lt;/em&gt;, entitled "Deep Down in Florida," in which he mentions Newberry and traveling to Gainesville to see an old friend. Waters met his third wife while performing at the popular blues dance hall, the Cotton Club, in Gainesville. The club opened in 1948 and had regular performances by such future famous blues musicians as James Brown, B.B. King and Ray Charles. The Wells’ Built Hotel and Casino, which is now an African-American history museum, is located in the historic African-American community of Parramore in Downtown Orlando. The hotel hosted many notable African-American musicians and celebrities during the Segregation era. Guitar Slim, Ray Charles, Ivory Joe Hunter, B. B. King and Bo Diddley were among the bluesmen traveling along the Chitlin' Circuit who were guests at the hotel and performers at the casino.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://www.wucftv.org/home/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-TV&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="560069">
                  <text>The Alley, Sanford, Florida</text>
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                  <text>West Tampa, Tampa, Florida</text>
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              <name>Curator</name>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="524935">
                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <description/>
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                <elementText elementTextId="529093">
                  <text>DeVane, Dwight, Blaine Waide, Peggy A. Bulger, Doris J. Dyen, and David Evans. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/856993560" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Drop on Down in Florida: Field Recordings of African American Traditional Music 1977-1980&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Atlanta, Ga: Dust-to-Digital, 2012.</text>
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                  <text>Oakley, Giles. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3082016" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Devil's Music: A History of the Blues&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Taplinger Pub. Co, 1977.</text>
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                  <text>Palmer, Robert. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6864668" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Deep Blues: A Musical and Cultural History of the Mississippi Delta&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Viking Press, 1981.</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>1 color photograph</text>
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              <text>2 black and white photographs</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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                <text>"Diamond Teeth" Mary</text>
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                <text>"Diamond Teeth" Mary</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>McClain, Mary Smith</text>
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                <text> Bradenton (Fla.)</text>
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                <text> Concerts</text>
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                <text> Music--Florida</text>
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                <text> Blues (Music)--Florida</text>
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                <text> Gospel music--Florida</text>
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                <text> Vaudeville--Florida</text>
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                <text>"Diamond Teeth" Mary McClain (born Mary Smith), an African-American blues, gospel, and vaudeville singer who performed from the 1910s through the 1990s. "Diamond Teeth" Mary was the half-sister of blues legend, Bessie Smith, and was present at her death following an automobile accident. Performing in various minstrel shows through the 1920s and 1930s, she was known as "Walking Mary" until the 1940s. She had diamonds removed from a bracelet and set into her front teeth, giving her famous moniker, but eventually removed them to pay for her mother's medical bills. Often promoted as "Queen of the Blues," she performed with some of the biggest names in African-American music, including Billie Holiday, Bessie Smith, Sarah Vaughan, Ray Charles, Count Basie, Nat 'King' Cole, Charlie Parker, and Duke Ellington.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Diamond Teeth" Mary moved to Bradenton, Florida, in 1960, where she began performing gospel music, rather than secular blues, and remained there until her death in April 2000. She was given national exposure in the late 1970s, when Steven Zeitlin of the Smithsonian Institution tracked her down and convinced her to perform at the American Folklife Festival. She performed for President Ronald Reagan at the White House in 1980, appeared in an off-Broadway production in 1981, became one of the first recipients of the Florida Folk Heritage Award in 1986, recorded her first album, &lt;em&gt;If I Can't Sell It, I'm Gonna Sit On It&lt;/em&gt;, in 1993, and continued to perform at blues festivals in the United States and Europe until her death at age 97. A play about her life premiered at the Florida Folk Festival in 2000.</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="551005">
                <text>Original color photograph: &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="551006">
                <text>Original black and white photographs: &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="551009">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="551010">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/144" target="_blank"&gt;Blues Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="103">
            <name>Is Format Of</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="551012">
                <text>Digital reproduction of original color photograph: &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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                <text>Original black and white photographs: &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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            <name>Has Format</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Digital reproduction of original color photograph. &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/resources/34564.jpg" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/resources/34564.jpg&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="551017">
                <text>Digital reproduction of original black and white photograph. &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/resources/DiamondTeethMary.jpg" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/resources/DiamondTeethMary.jpg&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="551018">
                <text>Digital reproduction of original black and white photograph. &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/resources/35464352.jpeg.jpg" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/resources/35464352.jpeg&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
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                <text>Bradenton, Florida</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="551020">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="551021">
                <text>ca. 1960-2000</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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                <text>image/jpg</text>
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            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>140 KB</text>
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                <text> 77.5 KB</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="551025">
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            <description/>
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                <text>1 color photograph</text>
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                <text> 2 black and white photographs</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description/>
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              <elementText elementTextId="551028">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Mediator</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>History Teacher</text>
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                <text> Humanities Teacher</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text> Music Teacher</text>
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            <name>Provenance</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Published digitally by &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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            <name>Accrual Method</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>Donation</text>
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            <name>Curator</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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            <description/>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Source Repository</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="136">
            <name>External Reference</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="551038">
                <text>Cohn, Lawrence (ed.) "Mary 'Diamond Teeth' McClain. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27380574" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nothing but the Blues: The Music and the Musicians&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Abbeville Press, 1993</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/diamond-teeth-mary.php" target="_blank"&gt;""Diamond Teeth" Mary"&lt;/a&gt;. TampaBayMusicHistory.com. http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/diamond-teeth-mary.php.</text>
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        <name>"Diamond Teeth" Mary</name>
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        <name>African American</name>
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      <tag tagId="20965">
        <name>blues</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="20991">
        <name>blues music</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26989">
        <name>blues singer</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="21615">
        <name>Bradenton</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13222">
        <name>concert</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26991">
        <name>gospel music</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26993">
        <name>McClain, "Diamond Teeth" Mary Smith</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26992">
        <name>McClain, Mary "Diamond Teeth" Smith</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26994">
        <name>minstrel show</name>
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      <tag tagId="26050">
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        <name>singer</name>
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      <tag tagId="26995">
        <name>Smith, "Diamond Teeth"</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="26996">
        <name>Smith, Mary</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="906">
        <name>St. Petersburg</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="908">
        <name>Tampa Bay</name>
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      <tag tagId="26997">
        <name>vaudeville</name>
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      <tag tagId="22572">
        <name>vocalist</name>
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        <name>Walking Mary</name>
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              <name>Subject</name>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Do Nothing till You Hear from Me," composed by Duke Ellington (1899-1974), and performed by Terry Myers live on-air on WUCF-FM on August 14, 2006. Myers is a reed player from Iowa who developed a successful career in Nashville, Tennessee, and New York before moving to Central Florida, where he became a band leader at Walt Disney World's Epcot theme park and the band leader at Rosie O'Grady's Good Time Jazz Emporium at Church Street Station in Orlando. Myers has played at jazz festivals across the United States, Europe, and Asia, and is currently the director of the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. "Do Nothin' Till You Hear From Me" was composed by Ellington in 1940 and lyrics were later added by Bob Russell (1914-1970). It was recorded by Ellington in 1944, reaching number one in the rhythm and blues charts.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Duke Ellington and Bob Russell, performed by Terry Myers, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html" target="_blank"&gt;Meet Terry Myers&lt;/a&gt;." BuddyMorrowProductions.com. http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html (accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Don't Worry 'Bout Me," composed by Rube Bloom (1902-1976) with lyrics by Ted Koehler (1894-1983), and performed by Terry Myers live on-air on WUCF-FM on August 14, 2006. Myers is a reed player from Iowa who developed a successful career in Nashville, Tennessee, and New York before moving to Central Florida, where he became a band leader at Walt Disney World's Epcot theme park and the band leader at Rosie O'Grady's Good Time Jazz Emporium at Church Street Station in Orlando. Myers has played at jazz festivals across the United States, Europe, and Asia, and is currently the director of the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. "Don't Worry 'Bout Me" was composed by Bloom and Koehler in 1938 and has been recorded by numerous artists, including Ella Fitzgerald (1917-1996), Billie Holiday (1915-1959), and Frank Sinatra (1915-1998).</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Rube Bloom and Ted Koehler, performed by Terry Myers, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Reuben "Rube" Bloom and Ted L. Koehler and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html" target="_blank"&gt;Meet Terry Myers&lt;/a&gt;." BuddyMorrowProductions.com. http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html (accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Drum Solo," composed and performed by Arturo Sandoval (b. 1949) live on-air on WUCF-FM on October 9, 1999. A protégé of trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993), who was the first musician to bring Latin influences into American jazz, Cuban-born Sandoval became one of the most celebrated trumpeters of all-time, winning ten Grammy Awards, six Billboard Awards, and an Emmy Award. Sandoval defected to the United States while touring with Gillespie in 1990. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama (b. 1961) in 2013. Arturo Sandoval's Jazz Club was briefly open in Miami Beach, Florida, in the late 2000s.</text>
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                <text>Originally created and performed by Arturo Sandoval and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Arturo Sandoval and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Simon, Robert, Arturo Sandoval, and Marianela Sandoval. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880150347" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;John "Dizzy" Birks Gillespie: The Man Who Changed My Life: from the Memoirs of Arturo Sandoval&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Chicago, IL: GIA Publications, 2014</text>
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                <text>Meredith, Bill. "&lt;a href="http://jazztimes.com/articles/19107-arturo-sandoval-from-cuba-with-love" target="_blank"&gt;Arturo Sandoval : From Cuba, With Love&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Jazz Times&lt;/em&gt;, October 2007. http://jazztimes.com/articles/19107-arturo-sandoval-from-cuba-with-love (Accessed March 24, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>DeLand, Florida</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Englishman in New York," Sting, and performed by Arturo Sandoval (b. 1949) live on-air on WUCF-FM on October 9, 1999. A protégé of trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993), who was the first musician to bring Latin influences into American jazz, Cuban-born Sandoval became one of the most celebrated trumpeters of all-time, winning ten Grammy Awards, six Billboard Awards, and an Emmy Award. Sandoval defected to the United States while touring with Gillespie in 1990. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama (b. 1961) in 2013. Arturo Sandoval's Jazz Club was briefly open in Miami Beach, Florida, in the late 2000s. "Englishman in New York" was written and recorded by Sting for his 1987 album, &lt;em&gt;...Nothing Like the Sun&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Original 9-minute and 21-second audio recording: Sting. "Englishman in New York," by Arturo Sandoval: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, October 9, 1999.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Simon, Robert, Arturo Sandoval, and Marianela Sandoval. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880150347" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;John "Dizzy" Birks Gillespie: The Man Who Changed My Life: from the Memoirs of Arturo Sandoval&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Chicago, IL: GIA Publications, 2014</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Ever After"  by the Sam Rivers Trio</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Ever After," composed by Sam Rivers (1923-2011) and performed by the Sam Rivers Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 11, 2001. Rivers was a jazz multi-instrumentalist and composer from Oklahoma, who helped popularize free jazz and avant-garde jazz. Rivers was briefly a member of the Miles Davis Quintet before going on to lead his own groups and perform as a sideman with a number of artists. Rivers and his wife, Bea Rivers, opened a public jazz loft known as Studio Rivbea in the 1970s in Lower Manhattan in New York City, New York. The couple moved to Orlando, Florida, in the early 1990s, where Rivers continued to perform with his Orchestra and Trio. This incarnation of the Sam Rivers Trio included the rhythm section from his Rivbea All-Star Orchestra: bassist Doug Mathews and drummer Anthony Cole. "Ever After" was recorded and released on the 1999 Sam Rivers album, &lt;em&gt;Winter Garden&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 58-second audio recording: Rivers, Sam. "Ever After," by the Sam Rivers: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, August 14, 2006.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Sam Rivers, performed the Sam Rivers Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Sam Rivers and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Firestorm," composed by Sam Rivers (1923-2011) and performed by the Sam Rivers Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 11, 2001. Rivers was a jazz multi-instrumentalist and composer from Oklahoma, who helped popularize free jazz and avant-garde jazz. Rivers was briefly a member of the Miles Davis Quintet before going on to lead his own groups and perform as a sideman with a number of artists. Rivers and his wife, Bea Rivers, opened a public jazz loft known as Studio Rivbea in the 1970s in Lower Manhattan in New York City, New York. The couple moved to Orlando, Florida, in the early 1990s, where Rivers continued to perform with his Orchestra and Trio. This incarnation of the Sam Rivers Trio included the rhythm section from his Rivbea All-Star Orchestra: bassist Doug Mathews and drummer Anthony Cole. "Firestorm" would be recorded and released on the 2007 Sam Rivers album of the same name.</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 40-second audio recording: Rivers, Sam. "Firestorm," by the Sam Rivers: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, August 14, 2006.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Sam Rivers, performed the Sam Rivers Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://cityofwinterpark.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;City of Winter Park&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;." City of Winter Park, Florida. http://cityofwinterpark.org/.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;WINTER PARK HISTORY&lt;/a&gt;." Winter Park History Museum, Winter Park Historical Society. http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/.</text>
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                  <text>Cutler, Jesse. "&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/268957223" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Starlust : The Price of Fame&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Garden City, N.Y.: Morgan James Publishing. 2008.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/140" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                <text>"Godspell" 30th Anniversary Reunion 1971-2001</text>
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                <text>A program for the 30th Anniversary Reunion of the cast and crew from the musical "Godspell". The program lists the curriculum, special thanks, greeting from those that could not be in attendance, photographs, a directory with contact information, and a list of those who had passed away. On the back of the program is a note that reads, "JESSE CUTLER 'Guitarist' Original New York Company."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Reunited at the September funeral of David Haskell, the original John the Baptist and Judas, the first cast of the 1971 hit decided to come together again for a happier occasion: the 30th anniversary of the Off-Broadway opening. On May 12, 2001, with composer Stephen Schwartz in attendance, the original cast of Godspell plus members of the subsequent national tours and the movie version, met together in a private celebration at the Sportsmen's' Lounge in Studio City, California.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jesse Cutler has spent an illustrious career, beginning at age 12, as a musician, composer, actor, producer, and entrepreneur. Starting in New York City in the 1960s and then in Los Angeles from the early ‘70s through the late ‘90s, Jesse performed with his bands and in the original cast of Godspell on Broadway, made records that saw Billboard’s Top 100, formed his own companies and appeared on TV and radio and in national print.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/227" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Jesse Cutler Collection&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/140" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Jesse Cutler and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Cutler, Jesse. "&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/268957223" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Starlust : The Price of Fame&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Garden City, N.Y.: Morgan James Publishing. 2008.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;WINTER PARK HISTORY&lt;/a&gt;." Winter Park History Museum, Winter Park Historical Society. http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://cityofwinterpark.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;City of Winter Park&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;." City of Winter Park, Florida. http://cityofwinterpark.org/.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://cityofwinterpark.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;City of Winter Park&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;." City of Winter Park, Florida. http://cityofwinterpark.org/.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;WINTER PARK HISTORY&lt;/a&gt;." Winter Park History Museum, Winter Park Historical Society. http://www.wphistory.org/explore-history/winter-park/.</text>
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                  <text>Cutler, Jesse. "&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/268957223" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Starlust : The Price of Fame&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;. Garden City, N.Y.: Morgan James Publishing. 2008.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/140" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                <text>"Godspell" Playbill</text>
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                <text>A playbill for the Playfare production of the musical "Godspell". The playbill lists the cast, producers, musicians, writers, director and crew. The musical numbers are also listed in order, along with the corresponding performers. According the playbill, the first performance was May 17, 1971, at The Cherry Lane Theatre in New York, New York. Jesse Cutler is listed as the electric guitar and bass guitar player in the band.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Jesse Cutler has spent an illustrious career, beginning at age 12, as a musician, composer, actor, producer, and entrepreneur. Starting in New York City in the 1960s and then in Los Angeles from the early ‘70s through the late ‘90s, Jesse performed with his bands and in the original cast of Godspell on Broadway, made records that saw Billboard’s Top 100, formed his own companies and appeared on TV and radio and in national print.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/227" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Jesse Cutler Collection&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/140" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Gone with the Wind," composed by Allie Wrubel (1905-1973) with lyrics by Herb Magidson (1906-1986), and performed by Terry Myers live on-air on WUCF-FM on August 14, 2006. Myers is a reed player from Iowa who developed a successful career in Nashville, Tennessee, and New York before moving to Central Florida, where he became a band leader at Walt Disney World's Epcot theme park and the band leader at Rosie O'Grady's Good Time Jazz Emporium at Church Street Station in Orlando. Myers has played at jazz festivals across the United States, Europe, and Asia, and is currently the director of the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. "Gone with the Wind" is a pop standard written by Wrubel and Magidson in 1937. It was a number one song for Horace Heidt (1901-1986) that same year, and recorded by numerous artists over the next several decades.</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Allie Wrubel and Herb Magidson, performed by Terry Myers, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Allie Wrubel and Herb Magidson and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html" target="_blank"&gt;Meet Terry Myers&lt;/a&gt;." BuddyMorrowProductions.com. http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html (accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Grandfather's Waltz" by The Jazz Professors</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Grandfather's Waltz," composed by Lasse Farnlof (1942-1994) and Gene Lees (1928-2010) and performed by The Jazz Professors live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 10, 2007. &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;The Jazz Professors are a sextet of professors from the University of Central Florida (UCF) in Orlando, Florida, who play professionally and have released two albums with Flying Horse Records, a professional jazz record label operated by the university. They have recorded and toured with a number of prominent guest musicians.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; "Grandfather's Waltz" was first recorded by Stan Getz (1927-1991) and Bill Evans (1929-1980) in May 1964 and released on their self-titled album in 1973.</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 1-second audio recording: Farnlof, Lasse and Gene Lees. "Grandfather's Waltz," by the Jazz Professors: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 10, 2007.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally composed by Lasse Farnlof and Gene Lees, performed by The Jazz Professors, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Lasse Farnlof and Frederick "Gene" Eugene John Lees and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>A 45 RPM vinyl record single of the song, "Hello Frisco!," recorded by Alice Green and Edward Hamilton for the Victor Talking Machine Company in 1915. The song was written by Gene Buck and Louis A. Hirsch.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
A notable "machinist" for the Victor Talking Machine Company was Irick Ritezendollar (1898-1992). Born on January 1, 1898, in Chatsworth, New Jersey, Ritzendollar enlisted in the United States Army on September 5, 1918. His served for slightly more than three months before being discharged on December 14, 1918. Unlike his siblings, Ritzendollar stayed out of the spotlight. He married Ella S. Ritzendollar sometime between 1922 and 1923. By 1940, he was working as a pump man for Works Progress Administration (WPA) Road Construction. At some point, Ritzendollar moved to Wauchula, Florida, and later relocated to Lakeland, Florida. Irick Ritzendollar passed away on September 14, 1992, at the age of ninety-three. He is buried at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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                <text>This resource is not subject to copyright in the United States and there are no copyright restrictions on reproduction, derivative works, distribution, performance, or display of the work. Anyone may, without restriction under U.S. copyright laws:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 
• reproduce the work in print or digital form&lt;br /&gt;
• create derivative works&lt;br /&gt;
• perform the work publicly&lt;br /&gt;
• display the work&lt;br /&gt;
• distribute copies or digitally transfer the work to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
This resource is provided here by &lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to &lt;a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#105"&gt;Section 5&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;a href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html"&gt;Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text> &lt;a href="https://vlp.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;Veterans Legacy Program Project&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Abney, Barb. "&lt;a href="https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/" target="_blank"&gt;VA Selects UCF Historians to Archive Stories of Deceased Veterans Veterans&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;UCF Today&lt;/em&gt;, March 13, 2017. Accessed August 9, 2017. https://today.ucf.edu/va-selects-ucf-historians-archive-stories-deceased-veterans/.</text>
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                <text> Aldridge, B. L., and Frederic Bayh. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/864178971" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Victor Talking Machine Company&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. [United States]: [RCA Sales Corp.?], 1964. </text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
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                <text> Jazz--United States</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Hot House," composed by Tadd Dameron (1917-1965), and performed by Arturo Sandoval (b. 1949) live on-air on WUCF-FM on October 9, 1999. A protégé of trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993), who was the first musician to bring Latin influences into American jazz, Cuban-born Sandoval became one of the most celebrated trumpeters of all-time, winning ten Grammy Awards, six Billboard Awards, and an Emmy Award. Sandoval defected to the United States while touring with Gillespie in 1990. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama (b. 1961) in 2013. Arturo Sandoval's Jazz Club was briefly open in Miami Beach, Florida, in the late 2000s. "Hot House" was written by Dameron and recorded by Sandoval for his 1998 Grammy award-winning album of the same name.</text>
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                <text>Original 3-minute and 54-second audio recording: Dameron, Tadd. "Hot House," by Arturo Sandoval: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, October 9, 1999.</text>
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                <text>Multimedia software, such as &lt;a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"&gt; QuickTime&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text> Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                <text>Dameron, Tadd</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Sandoval, Arturo</text>
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                <text>1999-10-09</text>
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                <text>1999-10-09</text>
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                <text>1999-10-09</text>
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          <element elementId="112">
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              <elementText elementTextId="529078">
                <text>3.57 MB</text>
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                <text>History Teacher</text>
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                <text> Humanities Teacher</text>
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                <text> Music Teacher</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Tadd Dameron, performed by Arturo Sandoval, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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            <name>Rights Holder</name>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Tadd Dameron and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Simon, Robert, Arturo Sandoval, and Marianela Sandoval. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880150347" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;John "Dizzy" Birks Gillespie: The Man Who Changed My Life: from the Memoirs of Arturo Sandoval&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Chicago, IL: GIA Publications, 2014</text>
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                <text>Meredith, Bill. "&lt;a href="http://jazztimes.com/articles/19107-arturo-sandoval-from-cuba-with-love" target="_blank"&gt;Arturo Sandoval : From Cuba, With Love&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Jazz Times&lt;/em&gt;, October 2007. http://jazztimes.com/articles/19107-arturo-sandoval-from-cuba-with-love (Accessed March 24, 2015).</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/298fa4199b1be42ccad13d5166f7c745.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;"Hot House" by Arturo Sandoval&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <name>Afro-Cuban jazz</name>
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        <name>Arturo Sandoval</name>
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        <name>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club</name>
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      <tag tagId="21446">
        <name>bebop</name>
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        <name>bop</name>
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        <name>CAH</name>
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        <name>College of Arts and Humanities</name>
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        <name>Cubop</name>
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        <name>Hot House</name>
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        <name>jazz ensembles</name>
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                  <text>Rock Collection</text>
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                  <text>Rock Collection</text>
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              <name>Subject</name>
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                  <text>Rock music--United States</text>
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                  <text>Lakeland (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>Maitland (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. &#13;
&#13;
During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock.&#13;
&#13;
Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music.&#13;
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="523496">
                  <text>Knickerbocker, Carl</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="524809">
                  <text>Wahl, Julie</text>
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              <name>Is Part Of</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="523497">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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              <name>Type</name>
              <description/>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523498">
                  <text>Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="38">
              <name>Coverage</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="523499">
                  <text>Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="523500">
                  <text>Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="523501">
                  <text>Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="523502">
                  <text>Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="523838">
                  <text>Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="523839">
                  <text>Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523840">
                  <text>Orlando Sports Stadium, Orlando, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="523841">
                  <text>Tangerine Bowl, Orlando, Florida</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="133">
              <name>Curator</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="523503">
                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523504">
                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <description/>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            </element>
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              <name>External Reference</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="524806">
                  <text>Altschuler, Glenn C. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="524807">
                  <text>Fisher, Marc. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Random House, 2007.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="524808">
                  <text>Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Haworth Press, 1999.</text>
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              <name>Language</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="524810">
                  <text>eng</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
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        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
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              <text>1 color photograph</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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            <description/>
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                <text>"How Many Times" by The Rovin' Flames</text>
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            <description/>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552981">
                <text>"How Many Times" by Rovin' Flames</text>
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                <text>Rovin' Flames (Musical group)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552983">
                <text> Tampa (Fla.)</text>
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                <text> Music--United States</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text> Musicians--Southern States</text>
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                <text> </text>
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                <text> Rock music--United States</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552988">
                <text> Morris, Jimmy</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552989">
                <text> Rogers, Johnny</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552990">
                <text> Taylor, Eddie</text>
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                <text>A 45 RPM vinyl record single of the song, "How Many Times," recorded by The Rovin' Flames for Decca Records in September of 1967. The song was written by John DeLise and Uncapher, produced by John Brumage, and published by Nozark Music Publishing Company and Fuller Music Publishing Company. The B-side is "Love Song No. 6." &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Rovin' Flames were formed in Tampa in 1965 by Paul Battle (rhythm guitar and vocals), Jimmy "Mouse" Morris (lead guitar), J. R. Maietta (bass) and Jerry Goff (drums). They recorded "Gloria/J.J.J.P." in September 1965 on Fuller Records and recorded their second record, "I Can't/I'm Afraid to Go Home," on Boss records in March of 1966. Hardy Dial, from The Outsiders/Soul Trippers, was added on lead vocals in the summer of 1966, and the group recorded "Bo Diddley/Seven Million People" in June of 1966. Battle, Goff, and Dial left the group in September of 1966 and were replaced by Jim Davis (vocals), Davy Tabak (drums) and John Rogers (organ). Davis left in December of 1966 and Battle briefly returned as lead vocalist, before being replaced by John DeLise, also of The Outsiders/Soul Trippers, in February of 1967. The group replaced Tabak with Eddie Taylor on drums in July of 1967, and recorded "How Many Times/Love Song No. 6" in September of 1967 on Decca Records. Although DeLise lasted longer than most of the band's lead vocalists, he left the group in less than a year, being replaced by Bob Thompson in November of 1967. Rogers passed away in March of 1968, and Thompson and Taylor left the group, being replaced by Jay Colding (organ), Jerry Nickerson (drums) and Ronnie Goedert (lead vocals), in July of 1968. Goedert left shortly thereafter in the fall of 1968, and was replaced by Hobie O'Brien, who remained the lead vocalist until the band broke up in January or February of 1969.</text>
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                <text>Original vinyl record, September 1967: &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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                <text> The Rovin' Flames</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.decca.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Decca Records&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Joynson, Vernon. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38424827" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fuzz, Acid and Flowers: A Comprehensive Guide to American Garage, Psychedelic and Hippie Rock (1964-1975) : (Includes Rarity/Sought-After Scale and Compilation Listings)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Glasgow: Borderline, 1997.</text>
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                <text>Jones, Martin. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/759863392" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lovers Buggers &amp;amp; Thieves: Garage Rock - Monster Rock - Progressive Rock - Psychedelic Rock - Folk Rock. Vol. 1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Manchester: Headpress, 2005.</text>
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        <name>Fuller Music Publishing Company</name>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"I Got You (I Feel Good)" by Arturo Sandoval</text>
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                <text>"I Got You (I Feel Good)" by Arturo Sandoval</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "I Got You (I Feel Good)," composed by James Brown (1933-2006), and performed by Arturo Sandoval (b. 1949) live on-air on WUCF-FM on October 9, 1999. A protégé of trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993), who was the first musician to bring Latin influences into American jazz, Cuban-born Sandoval became one of the most celebrated trumpeters of all-time, winning ten Grammy Awards, six Billboard Awards, and an Emmy Award. Sandoval defected to the United States while touring with Gillespie in 1990. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama (b. 1961) in 2013. Arturo Sandoval's Jazz Club was briefly open in Miami Beach, Florida, in the late 2000s. "I Got You (I Feel Good)" was written and recorded as a single by Brown, who is often referred to as the "Godfather of Soul," in 1965, becoming his highest charting song.</text>
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                <text>Original 6-minute and 56-second audio recording: Brown, James. "I Got You (I Feel Good)," by Arturo Sandoval: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, October 9, 1999.</text>
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                <text>Originally created by James Brown, performed by Arturo Sandoval, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by James Brown and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Simon, Robert, Arturo Sandoval, and Marianela Sandoval. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880150347" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;John "Dizzy" Birks Gillespie: The Man Who Changed My Life: from the Memoirs of Arturo Sandoval&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Chicago, IL: GIA Publications, 2014</text>
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                <text>Wo! I feel good, I knew that I would now&#13;
I feel good, I knew that I would now&#13;
So good, so good, I got you&#13;
&#13;
Wo! I feel nice, like sugar and spice&#13;
I feel nice, like sugar and spice&#13;
So nice, so nice, I got you&#13;
&#13;
When I hold you in my arms&#13;
I know that I can do no wrong&#13;
And when I hold you in my arms&#13;
My love won't do you no harm&#13;
&#13;
And I feel nice, like sugar and spice&#13;
I feel nice, like sugar and spice&#13;
So nice, so nice, I got you&#13;
&#13;
When I hold you in my arms&#13;
I know that I can't do no wrong&#13;
And when I hold you in my arms&#13;
My love can't do me no harm&#13;
&#13;
And I feel nice, like sugar and spice&#13;
I feel nice, like sugar and spice&#13;
So nice, so nice, well I got you&#13;
&#13;
Wo! I feel good, I knew that I would've&#13;
I feel good, I knew that I would&#13;
So good, so good, 'cause I got you&#13;
So good, so good, 'cause I got you&#13;
So good, so good, 'cause I got you&#13;
&#13;
Hey! Oh yeah-a</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"I Should Care" by the John Whitney Trio</text>
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                <text>"I Should Care" by John Whitney Trio</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "I Should Care," composed by Axel Stordahl (1913-1963), Paul Weston (1912-1996), and Sammy Cahn (1913-1993), and performed by the John Whitney Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on January 4, 2000. John Whitney served as director of both orchestral studies and the University of Central Florida Jazz Lab band during his 20 years with the university. Whitney also led the UCF Jazz Lab band in invited performances at Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland and North Sea Jazz Festival in Holland. He established himself as a conductor, performer, composer, arranger, and teacher in both classical and jazz arenas, founding and directing the Southern Tier Symphony in Allegany, New York, in 2003, until his death in 2014. "I Should Care" is a popular standard that was published in 1944 and first appeared in the 1945 film, &lt;em&gt;Thrill of a Romance&lt;/em&gt;. It has been recorded by numerous artists, including Bing Crosby (1903-1977), Thelonious Monk (1917-1982), Nat King Cole (1919-1965), Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993), Frank Sinatra (1915-1998), and Sammy Davis, Jr. (1925)-1990).</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 39-second audio recording: Stordahl, Axel, Paul Weston, and Sammy Cahn. "I Should Care," by the John Whitney Trio: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, January 4, 2000.</text>
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                <text>Multimedia software, such as &lt;a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"&gt; QuickTime&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "I Thought About You," composed by Jimmy Van Heusen (1913-1990) with lyrics by Johnny Mercer (1909-1976), and performed by Terry Myers live on-air on WUCF-FM on August 14, 2006. Myers is a reed player from Iowa who developed a successful career in Nashville, Tennessee, and New York before moving to Central Florida, where he became a band leader at Walt Disney World's Epcot theme park and the band leader at Rosie O'Grady's Good Time Jazz Emporium at Church Street Station in Orlando. Myers has played at jazz festivals across the United States, Europe, and Asia, and is currently the director of the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. The jazz standard, "I Thought About You," was written by Van Heusen and Mercer in 1939 and has been performed and recorded by numerous jazz artists, including Miles Davis (1926-1991), Ella Fitzgerald (1917-1996), Billie Holiday (1915-1959), Frank Sinatra (1915-1998), Mal Waldron (1925-2002), and Dinah Washington (1924-1963).</text>
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                <text>Original 7-minute and 31-second audio recording: Van Heusen, Jimmy and Johnny Mercer. "I Thought About You," by Terry Myers: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, August 14, 2006.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html" target="_blank"&gt;Meet Terry Myers&lt;/a&gt;." BuddyMorrowProductions.com. http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html (accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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&#13;
Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. &#13;
&#13;
During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock.&#13;
&#13;
Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music.&#13;
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                  <text>Altschuler, Glenn C. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.</text>
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                <text>Seven-inch 45 RPM radio station copy of a vinyl record single of the song, "I'd Just As Soon Forget," recorded by The Arena Twins, and arranged and conducted by Marty Manning. "I'd Just As Soon Forget" is the B-side to the single, "Judy Says," released in 1961 by Columbia Records, Inc.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sammy and Andrew "Andy" Arena, who performed together as The Arena Twins, were among Tampa's first recording artists in the late 1950s. Born in Tampa, Florida, the brothers entertained audiences since the age of 14, when they first took the stage at the Cuban Club's "Fiesta in Tampa." In 1958, they signed with Kapp Records and released six singles, before signing with Columbia Records in 1960. Marty Manning conducted and arranged for some the most well known jazz performers, including Dinah Washington and Sarah Vaughn.</text>
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                <text>Original color photograph, 1961: &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank"&gt;Rock Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/the-arena-twins.php" target="_blank"&gt;The Arena Twins&lt;/a&gt;." http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/the-arena-twins.php.</text>
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                <text>Ryan, Patty. "&lt;a href="http://www.tampabay.com/news/obituaries/sammy-arena-one-of-singing-tampa-twins-dies-at-81/1264873" target="_blank"&gt;Sammy Arena, one of singing Tampa twins, dies at 81&lt;/a&gt;.” &lt;em&gt;Tampa Bay Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 5, 2012. http://www.tampabay.com/news/obituaries/sammy-arena-one-of-singing-tampa-twins-dies-at-81/1264873.</text>
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                <text>Over 2 million people are incarcerated in the United States today, yet the prison system remains largely invisible to the majority of Americans. Illuminating the Darkness: Our Carceral Landscape presents the work of twenty-five artists whose practice is informed by their experiences with the criminal justice system to shine a light on the ways in which mass incarceration affects us all. The culmination of a two-year project sponsored by the Florida Prison Education Project, National Endowment for the Arts, and Laughing Gull Foundation, the collected pieces—in sculpture and installation, drawing and painting, video and photography, and printmaking and book arts—explore racism, oppression, and the immutability of the human spirit.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Imagination," composed by Jimmy Van Heusen (1913-1990), with lyrics by Johnny Burke (1908-1964), and performed by Ira Sullivan (b. 1931) live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 8, 2006. A multi-instrumentalist, Sullivan was a crucial part of the Chicago jazz scene of the 1950s, performing with numerous artists, including a stint with Art Blakey (1919-1990) and the Jazz Messengers in 1956. He left the spotlight and moved to Florida to raise his family in the early 1960s, eventually starting a quintet with Red Rodney (1927-1994). Sullivan taught summers at the University of Miami's Young Musician's Camp, in which professional musicians and faculty from the UM School of Music instructed students between 7 and 18 years old in classical music, jazz, rock, songwriting, composition, and musical theater. "Imagination" is a 1940 jazz standard that has been recorded by numerous artists. The best-selling recordings were by Glenn Miller (1904-1944) and Tommy Dorsey (1905-1956) in 1940, but Ella Fitzgerald (1917-1996) is considered by many to be the definitive jazz interpreter of the song.</text>
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                <text>Meredith, Bill. "&lt;a href="http://jazztimes.com/articles/19200-ira-sullivan-family-first" target="_blank"&gt;Ira Sullivan: Family First&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Jazz Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 2007. http://jazztimes.com/articles/19200-ira-sullivan-family-first (Accessed March 23, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://projects.cah.ucf.edu/fl-francesoldierstories/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Florida-France Soldier Stories Project&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;The Epinal Project- by Students of History 357: The Second World War&lt;/a&gt;." University of Wisconsin-Madison. http://history.wisc.edu/epinal_project.htm (accessed January 3, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;The &lt;/span&gt;Florida-France Soldier Stories&lt;span&gt;project seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>"In Memoriam" Section of The Seminole, 1947</text>
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                <text>One of the "In Memoriam" pages from the 1947 edition of &lt;em&gt;The Seminole&lt;/em&gt;, the yearbook for the University of Florida (UF) in Gainesville, Florida. This page honors alumni of UF that sacrificed their lives in World War II. A notable individual shown on this page was Captain Aquilla A. Calhoun, Jr., a native of Panama City, Florida. Upon his graduation, Capt. Calhoun enlisted as a second lieutenant in the U.S. Army Reserves. Upon his enlistment, he entered the 92nd Field Artillery's 2nd Armored Division in Fort Benning, Georgia. His unit gained the nickname the Brave Cannons, which has stuck throughout the 92nd Field Artillery's career. With the intensification of World War II, the Allied began to execute the Omaha Beach Normandy Invasion in June of 1944. After the invasion, Capt. Calhoun made his way to Northern France, where he played a vital role in the liberation of Bresles, a commune in the Picardie region of France. Capt. Calhoun died during his service in France and is currently buried at the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France. Calhoun is one of 85 Florida residents interned at Epinal. His death led to the creation of a tribute site and memorial in his honor in Bristles.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by the &lt;a href="http://www.ufl.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;University of Florida&lt;/a&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Originally published by the &lt;a href="http://www.ufl.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;University of Florida&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>David, Powell. "&lt;a href="http://www.bravecannons.org/History/red_devil.html" target="_blank"&gt;Unit History: The 1/92nd Field Artillery Association - Vietnam&lt;/a&gt;." Brave Cannons. Accessed March 21, 2016. http://www.bravecannons.org/History/red_devil.html.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/39103540/?terms=Calhoun" target="_blank"&gt;To Receive Degree from U. of Florida&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The Panama City News-Herald&lt;/em&gt;, January 18, 1942. https://www.newspapers.com/image/39103540/?terms=Calhoun.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/39092405/?terms=Calhoun" target="_blank"&gt;Miss Lillian Luke Becomes Bride of Lt. A. A. Calhoun In Lovely Eufaula Ceremony&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The Panama City News-Herald&lt;/em&gt;, January 18, 1942. https://www.newspapers.com/image/39092405/?terms=Calhoun.</text>
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The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "It's a Wonderful World," composed by Jan Savitt (1907-1948), Harold Adamson (1906-1980), and "Johnny Guitar" Watson (1935-1996), and performed by Terry Myers live on-air on WUCF-FM on August 14, 2006. Myers is a reed player from Iowa who developed a successful career in Nashville, Tennessee, and New York before moving to Central Florida, where he became a band leader at Walt Disney World's Epcot theme park and the band leader at Rosie O'Grady's Good Time Jazz Emporium at Church Street Station in Orlando. Myers has played at jazz festivals across the United States, Europe, and Asia, and is currently the director of the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. Although most songwriters were under contract to publishers during the big band era, in rare cases, a bandleader would write his/her own song. Savitt, along with Adamson and Watson, composed "It's a Wonderful World," and recorded it on Savitt's 1938-1941 recording collection, &lt;em&gt;It's Time to Jump and Shout&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 21-second audio recording: Savitt, Jan, Harold Adamson, and Johnny Watson. "It's a Wonderful World," by Terry Myers: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, August 14, 2006.</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Jan Savitt, Harold Adamson and Johnny Watson, performed by Terry Myers, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html" target="_blank"&gt;Meet Terry Myers&lt;/a&gt;." BuddyMorrowProductions.com. http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html (accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                <text>An "L" from the 1958 Orlando City Hall in Downtown Orlando, Florida. The building was designed by noted Orlando architect Richard Boone Rogers under the administration of Mayor William Beardall (1890-1984), who served from 1940 to 1952, and the land was acquired during the administration of Mayor J. Rolfe Davis (1904-1988), who served from 1953 to 1956. The building was constructed by Tampa-based firm C. A. Fielland from 1956 to 1958 during the administration of Mayor Bob Carr (1899-1967), who served from 1956 to 1967. Dedicated October 3, 1958, the building served as Orlando’s City Hall until its implosion on October 25, 1991, following the construction of a new city hall less than 10 feet away.</text>
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                <text>Original letter: Orlando Remembered Exhibit, &lt;a href="http://www.cityoforlando.net/city-hall-hours-directions/" target="_blank"&gt;Orlando City Hall&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/173" target="_blank"&gt;Orlando City Hall Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by &lt;a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Orange County Regional History Center&lt;/a&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Li'l Darlin'" by the John Whitney Trio</text>
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                <text>"Li'l Darlin'" by John Whitney Trio</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Li'l Darlin'," composed by Neal Hefti (1922-2008) with lyrics by Jon Hendricks (b. 1921), and performed by the John Whitney Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on January 4, 2000. John Whitney served as director of both orchestral studies and the University of Central Florida Jazz Lab band during his 20 years with the university. Whitney also led the UCF Jazz Lab band in invited performances at Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland and North Sea Jazz Festival in Holland. He established himself as a conductor, performer, composer, arranger, and teacher in both classical and jazz arenas, founding and directing the Southern Tier Symphony in Allegany, New York, in 2003, until his death in 2014. "Li'l Darlin'" is a jazz standard composed in 1957 for the Count Basie Orchestra.</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 56-second audio recording: Hefti, Neal and Jon Hendricks. "Li'l Darlin'," by the John Whitney Trio: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, January 4, 2000.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Neal Hefti and Jon Hendricks, performed by the John Whitney Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Neal Hefti and Jon Hendricks, and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/about.php" target="_blank"&gt;John Whitney - Music Director&lt;/a&gt;." Southern Tier Symphony. http://www.southerntiersymphony.org/John_Whitney_Biography.htm (accessed March 17, 2015).</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 35-second audio recording: Davis, Jimmy, Ram Ramirez, and James Sherman. "Lover Man," by the Jazz Professors: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 10, 2007.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally composed by Jimmy Davis, Ram Ramirez, and James Sherman, performed by The Jazz Professors, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Manhã de Carnaval" ("Morning of the Carnival"), composed by Luiz Bonfá (1922-12001) and lyricist Antônio Maria (1921-1964), and performed by Larry Coryell (b. 1943) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 8, 1999. Coryell is an American jazz fusion guitarist, composer, and one of the pioneers of jazz-rock, a fusion genre that combines elements of blues, rock, country, and bop. Considered by many to be one of the greatest guitarists of all time, Coryell has shared the stage with Miles Davis (1926-1991) and Jimi Hendrix (1942-1970). He has remained active since the 1960s, recording over 100 albums.One of the first bossa nova compositions to gain popularity outside Brazil, "Manhã de Carnaval" has become a jazz standard. The song appeared as the theme to the 1958 film, &lt;em&gt;Orfeu Negro&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Black Orpheus&lt;/em&gt;).</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 26-second audio recording: Bonfá, Luiz, and Antônio Maria. "Manhã de Carnaval," by Larry Coryell: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, June 8, 1999.</text>
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                <text>Multimedia software, such as &lt;a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"&gt; QuickTime&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Luiz Floriano Bonfá and Antônio Maria, performed by Larry Coryell, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Luiz Floriano Bonfá and Antônio Maria and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Coryell, Larry. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/72150176" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Improvising: My Life in Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Backbeat, 2007.</text>
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                  <text>Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947. At the time, roadside attractions were becoming popular stops along Florida roadways. The attraction consisted of an amalgamation of vendors, an orchid garden, a river boat tour, as well as the star attraction: a mermaid show that took place in an underwater theater. Eventually, the May Museum of the Tropics, an "abandoned Seminole village", a show called “Birds of Prey”, and a petting zoo were added. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/63" target="_blank"&gt;Hernando County Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                  <text>Schwandt, Rebecca</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>External Reference</name>
              <description/>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html" target="_blank"&gt;History of Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;." Weeki Wachee Springs State Park. http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Pelland, Maryan, and Dan Pelland. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67516850" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Vickers, Lu, and Bonnie Georgiadis. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780478262" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weeki Wachee Mermaids: Thirty Years of Underwater Photography&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text> Parks--Florida</text>
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                <text> Perry, Newton, 1908-1987</text>
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                <text>Newspaper article entitled "Merman Perry" about Newton "Newt" Perry published in unidentified newspaper in 1983. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Newton "Newt" Perry was born in Valdosta, Georgia in 1908, and moved with his family to Ocala, Florida in 1922. He was a member of the swimming and diving teams at the University of Florida. Perry earned the nickname "The Human Fish" for his performances of underwater stunts in advertising clips and film shorts, and acted as a swim double for actors in movies and TV shows, including Johnny Weissmuller as "Tarzan." Perry also advised filmmakers filming underwater scenes at Silver Springs, Wakulla Springs, and Weeki Wachee Springs, and developed a system for breathing underwater using an air compressor and hose, which was used in the 1948 film "Mr. Peabody and the Mermaid" and during Weeki Wachee Springs' mermaid shows. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perry worked as a lifeguard, public school principal, coach, swimming and scuba diving instructor, and Ocala city pool manager. He opened Perry's Swim School in 1955, and taught more than 120,000 individuals to swim during his career. Perry was inducted into the Florida Sports Hall of Fame in 1981. Perry's daughter Delee Perry took over Perry's Swim School following her father's death in 1987, and it was still in operation as of 2020. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947, and used his experiences working at Silver Springs and Wakulla Springs to develop the original concepts for its underwater theater and mermaid shows. Perry sold his stake in Weeki Wachee Springs in 1950. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/63" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Weeki Wachee Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                <text>Digital reproduction of original clipping of a newspaper article about Newton "Newt" Perry, ca. 1983.</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
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                <text>Weeki Wachee Springs State Park, Weeki Wachee, Florida </text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Watson, Becky</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>ca. 1983</text>
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            <name>Date Issued</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699154">
                <text>ca. 1983</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699155">
                <text>ca. 1983</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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            <name>Extent</name>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description/>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699159">
                <text>eng</text>
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            <name>Mediator</name>
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                <text>History Teacher</text>
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                <text> Humanities Teacher</text>
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                <text> Theater Teacher</text>
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          <element elementId="124">
            <name>Provenance</name>
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                <text>Originally created by an unidentified newspaper, owned by Delee Perry, and published by &lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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            <name>Rights Holder</name>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by an unidentified newspaper and is provided here by &lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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            <name>Accrual Method</name>
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                <text>Donation</text>
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            <name>Contributing Project</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>Florida Humanities Council Community Grant Program and Friends of Weeki Wachee Springs State Park</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699167">
                <text> Rebecca Schwandt's Thesis Project</text>
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          <element elementId="133">
            <name>Curator</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>Kephart, Anna</text>
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          <element elementId="134">
            <name>Digital Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="699169">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Personal Collection of Delee Perry</text>
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          <element elementId="136">
            <name>External Reference</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="699171">
                <text>Florida Department of State. Division of Historical Resources. "&lt;a href="https://dos.myflorida.com/historical/preservation/national-register/national-preservation-month-2020/weeki-wachee-springs/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;." https://dos.myflorida.com/historical/preservation/national-register/national-preservation-month-2020/weeki-wachee-springs/. Accessed May 15, 2020.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699172">
                <text>Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida State Parks. "&lt;a href="https://www.floridastateparks.org/learn/history-weeki-wachee" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;History of Weeki Wachee&lt;/a&gt;." https://www.floridastateparks.org/learn/history-weeki-wachee. Accessed May 15, 2020.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699173">
                <text>Rizzo, Marian. "&lt;a href="https://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130814/News/604145183/OS" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;'Human Fish' Had a Life Filled With Aquatic Exploits&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Ocala Star Banner&lt;/em&gt;. August 14, 2013. https://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130814/News/604145183/OS. Accessed May 15, 2020.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699174">
                <text>Schwandt, Rebecca. "&lt;a href="https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/6189" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Revisiting Roadside Attractions: A 'Deep Dive' into Florida's Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 (6189), 2018. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/6189.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="699175">
                <text>Turtle, Howard. "Kansas Citians Stage Shows in Deep Water in Florida." &lt;em&gt;Kansas City Star&lt;/em&gt;. March 7, 1948.</text>
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        <name>Becky Watson</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="56436">
        <name>Delee Perry</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="56615">
        <name>Ed Darlington</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="54548">
        <name>Florida tourism</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="56614">
        <name>Hattie Carver</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="16899">
        <name>mermaids</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="38441">
        <name>natural springs</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="56435">
        <name>Newton "Newt" Perry</name>
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      <tag tagId="12246">
        <name>parks</name>
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      <tag tagId="38629">
        <name>Rebecca Schwandt</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="54550">
        <name>roadside attractions</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="54551">
        <name>roadside tourism</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="22171">
        <name>swimming</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="38994">
        <name>tourist attractions</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="56439">
        <name>underwater filmmaking</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="56437">
        <name>underwater photography</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="16898">
        <name>Weeki Wachee Springs State Park</name>
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                  <text>Celery Soup: Florida's Folk Life Play Collection</text>
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                  <text>Celery Soup Collection</text>
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              <name>Subject</name>
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                  <text>Sanford (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>Community theater--United States</text>
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                  <text>Theater--United States</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
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                  <text>The &lt;em&gt;Celery Soup: Florida’s Folk Life Play&lt;/em&gt; Collection encompasses photographs, artifacts, and oral histories related to the production of Creative Sanford, Inc.'s and Celery Soup's play &lt;em&gt;Remade - Not Bought&lt;/em&gt;, performed at the Princess Theater in 2013. Many of the items in this collection were collected by Dr. Scot French's Tools in Digital History Seminar Graduate Class during the Fall 2013 semester at the University of Central Florida.</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
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                  <text>Delgado, Natalie</text>
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                  <text>Fedorka, Drew M.</text>
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                  <text>Ford, Nancy Harris</text>
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                  <text>Lee, Luticia Gormley</text>
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                  <text>Maliczowski, Linda Lee</text>
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                  <text>Maples, Marilyn</text>
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                  <text>Miller, Mark</text>
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                  <text>Reisz, Autumn</text>
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                  <text>Thompson, Trish</text>
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              <name>Is Part Of</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/44" target="_blank"&gt;Seminole County Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/16" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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              <name>Language</name>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Creative Sanford, Inc.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Celery Soup: Florida’s Folk Life Play&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="511478">
                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Dr. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://history.scotfrench.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Scot A. French&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;'s Tools in Digital History Seminar Graduate Class, Fall 2013 at the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;University of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Curator</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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            <element elementId="134">
              <name>Digital Collection</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="437170">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <element elementId="136">
              <name>External Reference</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="437172">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank"&gt;WHO IS CREATIVE SANFORD, INC?&lt;/a&gt;" Celery Soup. http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="437173">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com/about/" target="_blank"&gt;About: History and Purpose&lt;/a&gt;." Celery Soup. http://www.celerysoupsanford.com/about/.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="437174">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.communityperformanceinternational.org/sanford-florida" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford, Florida: How do you make Celery Soup? Add stories, then stir&lt;/a&gt;." Community Performance International. http://www.communityperformanceinternational.org/sanford-florida.</text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description/>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>"Music for Melons" Poster</text>
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&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank"&gt;Dr. Connie L. Lester&lt;/a&gt;'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015</text>
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                  <text>Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oviedo, Biography of a Town&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. S.l: s.n.], 1979.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks&lt;/a&gt;." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3.</text>
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The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank"&gt;Dr. Connie L. Lester&lt;/a&gt;'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015</text>
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                  <text>Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oviedo, Biography of a Town&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. S.l: s.n.], 1979.</text>
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                <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="580530">
                <text>"&lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks&lt;/a&gt;." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="580531">
                <text>Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oviedo, Biography of a Town&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. S.l: s.n.], 1979.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="580532">
                <text>Robison, Jim. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Around Oviedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 2012.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank"&gt;History&lt;/a&gt;." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68.</text>
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        <name>10th grade</name>
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      <tag tagId="33413">
        <name>Advanced Placement World History</name>
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        <name>AP World History</name>
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        <name>education</name>
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        <name>educators</name>
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        <name>funerals</name>
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        <name>Gary Barnett</name>
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        <name>high schools</name>
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        <name>Oviedo</name>
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                  <text>The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015.&#13;
&#13;
The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank"&gt;Dr. Connie L. Lester&lt;/a&gt;'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/.</text>
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                  <text>Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oviedo, Biography of a Town&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. S.l: s.n.], 1979.</text>
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                  <text>Robison, Jim. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Around Oviedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 2012.</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank"&gt;History&lt;/a&gt;." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="525095">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks&lt;/a&gt;." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3.</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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              <text>1-page handwritten document</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>"My Favorite Memory of Oviedo Is..." by Shelby</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>My Favorite Memory of Oviedo Is...</text>
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                <text>A document created by Shelby as part of the Oviedo History Harvest in 2015. In the document, the author is asked to describe her favorite memory of Oviedo, Florida. Shelby, who was 21 at the time, stated that the charm and community feel was her favorite memory.</text>
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                <text>Original document by Shelby, April 18, 2015: &lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;, Oviedo, Florida.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;, Oviedo, Florida.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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            <name>Is Format Of</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="580452">
                <text>Digital reproduction of original document by Shelby, April 18, 2015.</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>Oviedo, Florida</text>
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                <text>Shelby</text>
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                <text>Horner, Desta</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="580456">
                <text>2015-04-18</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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                <text>image/jpg</text>
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                <text>118 KB</text>
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            <description/>
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            <name>Mediator</name>
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                <text>History Teacher</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="580462">
                <text>Originally created by Shelby and owned by Desta Horner.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="580463">
                <text>Donated to &lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; in 2015.</text>
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            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description/>
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              <elementText elementTextId="580464">
                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by the &lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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            <name>Accrual Method</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks&lt;/a&gt;." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="580471">
                <text>Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oviedo, Biography of a Town&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. S.l: s.n.], 1979.</text>
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                <text>Robison, Jim. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Around Oviedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 2012.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="580473">
                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank"&gt;History&lt;/a&gt;." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68.</text>
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                  <text>Select images, correspondence, and other records from the Chase Collection (MS 14) at Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida.  According to the biographical sketch in the collection's finding aid:&#13;
&#13;
"The story of the Chases in Florida began in 1878 when Sydney Octavius Chase (1860-1941), having read about orange groves in Scribner's Magazine, came to Florida from Philadelphia. His brother, Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948), joined him in 1884 and together they formed Chase and Company that year. The Chase brothers came to Florida at the right time for Florida citrus and at the right time for them as investment entrepreneurs. Strong family ties in the North provided them with financial backing for their ventures. Joshua left Florida in 1895 to work in the California citrus industry. He returned to Florida in 1904 and rejoined his brother. Another brother, Randall, remained in Philadelphia and augmented his brothers' finances when convenient. Sydney and Joshua were also important civic leaders who took part in community development, most notably in the City of Sanford. Both were elected to the Sanford city commission. They also supported the development of Rollins College, worked with the Florida Historical Society, and were the benefactors of numerous charities.&#13;
&#13;
Chase and Company began as an insurance company and branched out to storage facilities and fertilizer sales. The latter was the beginning of the company's lucrative agricultural supply division which remained in operation throughout the existence of the company. Although citrus was the primary interest, the company also invested in other agricultural pursuits including celery in central Florida, tung oil production in Jefferson County, and winter vegetables and sugar cane in the Lake Okeechobee muck lands. The company was also involved in the peach business in Georgia and North Carolina. The company was incorporated in 1914, with the Chase brothers owning 75 percent of the stock, and reincorporated in 1948. A second generation of Chases began its involvement in the family operations when Sydney O. Chase, Jr. ( b. 1890) became a citrus buyer in 1922. He was later joined by his brother Randall who served as president of Chase and Company from 1948-1965. Outside the Chase Family, Alfred Foster, W. R. Harney, and William "Billy" Leffler figured prominently as company executives and investors. The company dissolved in 1979 when its principal assets were sold to Sunniland for $5.5 million.&#13;
&#13;
The Chases' interest in citrus began when Sydney came to Florida and became associated with General Henry S. Sanford. The Chases would eventually own General Sanford's experimental farm, Belair, and the Chase family home in Sanford was located there. Over the years, the Chases invested in a number of citrus groves and owned others outright. In 1912, they organized the Chase Investment Company as a holding company for their farms. Initially, the company operated the Isleworth, Nocatee, Belair, and Kelly citrus groves as well as celery farms in Sanford. The company was renamed Chase Groves, Inc. in 1951. From time to time, Chase Investment was involved in real estate in Florida and North Carolina. The latter included Fort Caswell, a former military property that was held for a time and then sold. Unquestionably, the jewel in the Chase crown was the Isleworth grove at Windermere. Isleworth's four hundred lake-tempered acres carried the Chases through many difficult times. It proved to be the principal asset at the company's demise when it was sold to golf legend Arnold Palmer in 1984. Chase Groves dissolved that same year, 100 years after the founding of Chase and Company."</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;, University of Florida</text>
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                  <text>Chase, Sydney Octavius, 1860-1941</text>
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                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505428">
                  <text>Citrus fruit industry--Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505429">
                  <text>Golf--Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505430">
                  <text>Celery industry</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505431">
                  <text>Sanford (Fla.)</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505432">
                  <text>Windermere (Fla.)</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505433">
                  <text>Jacksonville (Fla.)</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505434">
                  <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="104">
              <name>Is Part Of</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505436">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="44">
              <name>Language</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505437">
                  <text>eng</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="51">
              <name>Type</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505438">
                  <text>Collection</text>
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            <element elementId="38">
              <name>Coverage</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505439">
                  <text>Sanford, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505440">
                  <text>Isleworth Grove, Windermere, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505441">
                  <text>Jacksonville, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505442">
                  <text>Orlando, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="138">
              <name>Contributing Project</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505443">
                  <text>&lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, University of Florida&lt;/span&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505444">
                  <text>&lt;a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;Digital Collections (UFDC)&lt;/a&gt;, University of Florida</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="133">
              <name>Curator</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505445">
                  <text>Marra, Katherine</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505446">
                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="134">
              <name>Digital Collection</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505447">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="136">
              <name>External Reference</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505448">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&amp;amp;bID=0&amp;amp;dd_asId=600" target="_blank"&gt;Sydney Chase Sr. (1860-1941)&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Florida Citrus Hall of Fame&lt;/em&gt;. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&amp;amp;bID=0&amp;amp;dd_asId=600.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505449">
                  <text>Warner, S.C. "&lt;a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Florida State Horticultural Society&lt;/em&gt; vol. 36 (1923): 198-200.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505450">
                  <text>Hopkins, James T. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510666">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus" target="_blank"&gt;Franklin Chase, 'Towering Figure in Citrus Industry&lt;/a&gt;.'" &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, September 30, 1986. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="124">
              <name>Provenance</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510663">
                  <text>Entire &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt; is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510664">
                  <text>The displayed collection is housed at &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt; at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="135">
              <name>Source Repository</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510665">
                  <text>University of Florida, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="101">
              <name>Has Part</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510786">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/90" target="_blank"&gt;Celery Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510787">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/93" target="_blank"&gt;Citrus Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510788">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/91" target="_blank"&gt;Belair Grove Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510789">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/100" target="_blank"&gt;Florida Citrus Exchange Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510790">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/88" target="_blank"&gt;Isleworth Grove Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510791">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/86" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510792">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/94" target="_blank"&gt;Holy Cross Episcopal Church Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510793">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/87" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Country Club and Golf Course Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Document</name>
      <description>A resource containing textual data.  Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.</description>
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        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="424087">
              <text>6-page typewritten manuscript</text>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>"My First Trip to Tampa" Manuscript</text>
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          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Alternative Title</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412025">
                <text>My First Trip to Tampa</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412026">
                <text>Chase, Sydney Octavius, 1860-1941</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="412027">
                <text> Citrus fruit industry--Florida</text>
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                <text>Citrus--Florida</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="518450">
                <text>Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.)</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412028">
                <text>An original manuscript written by Sydney Octavius Chase about his first trip to Tampa, Florida, in 1879. The manuscript chronicles Chase's trip with topics including traveling to Florida's west coast to determine if it were a better location than Belair Grove in Sanford, traveling to Orlando to buy an ox and wagon for the trip and then deciding to continue on foot with Silas B. Carter, preparing to travel through snake country, spending a night with the Yates family near Platt Grove, camping site near the old Collins house in Tampa, Chase's purchase of land in Winter Haven years later, forgetting their powder and shot pouch on the way back to Orlando, and their safe return to Belair. Chase also discussed his second trip to Tampa a year or a year and a half later to conduct business errands for  a "Mr. Ingraham," most likely referring to James Edmundson Ingraham, an entrepreneur and railroad company executive.&#13;
&#13;
Chase &amp; Company was established in 1884 by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase &amp; Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase &amp; Company from 1948-1965.</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412029">
                <text>Text</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412030">
                <text>Original manuscript by Sydney Octavius Chase: "My First Trip to Tampa," 1879: box 173, folder 9.52, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection (MS 14)&lt;/a&gt;, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412031">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt; (MS 14), box 173, folder 9.52, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518451">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/23" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="105">
            <name>Is Referenced By</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412032">
                <text>Folder referenced in Chase Collection finding guide, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="103">
            <name>Is Format Of</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412033">
                <text>Digital reproduction of original manuscript by Sydney Octavius Chase: "My First Trip to Tampa," 1879.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412052">
                <text>Belair Grove, Lake Mary, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412053">
                <text> Orlando, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412054">
                <text> Kissimmee, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412055">
                <text> Boggy Creek, Kissimmee, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412056">
                <text> Davenport, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412057">
                <text> Auburndale, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412058">
                <text> Platt Grove, Plant City, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412059">
                <text> Sixmile Creek, Tampa, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412060">
                <text> Tampa, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412061">
                <text> Manatee, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412062">
                <text> Palmetto, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412063">
                <text> Fort Meade, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412064">
                <text> Bartow, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412065">
                <text> Saddle Creek, Lakeland, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412066">
                <text> Winter Haven, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412067">
                <text> Orlando, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412068">
                <text> Belair Grove, Lake Mary, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412069">
                <text>Chase, Sydney Octavius</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="90">
            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412070">
                <text>1879</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412071">
                <text>application/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="112">
            <name>Extent</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412072">
                <text>942 KB</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="113">
            <name>Medium</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412073">
                <text>6-page typewritten manuscript</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412074">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="122">
            <name>Mediator</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412075">
                <text>History Teacher</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518453">
                <text>Economics Teacher</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518454">
                <text>Geography Teacher</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="124">
            <name>Provenance</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412093">
                <text>Entire &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt; is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="125">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412094">
                <text>The displayed collection item is housed at &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt; at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="117">
            <name>Accrual Method</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412095">
                <text>Donation</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="138">
            <name>Contributing Project</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412101">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;, University of Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518455">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;Digital Collections (UFDC)&lt;/a&gt;, University of Florida</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="133">
            <name>Curator</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412102">
                <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="134">
            <name>Digital Collection</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412103">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="135">
            <name>Source Repository</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412104">
                <text>University of Florida, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="136">
            <name>External Reference</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412105">
                <text>"&lt;a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&amp;amp;bID=0&amp;amp;dd_asId=600" target="_blank"&gt;Sydney Chase Sr. (1860-1941)&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Florida Citrus Hall of Fame&lt;/em&gt;. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&amp;amp;bID=0&amp;amp;dd_asId=600.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412106">
                <text>Warner, S.C. "&lt;a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Florida State Horticultural Society&lt;/em&gt; vol. 36 (1923): 198-200.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412107">
                <text>Hopkins, James T. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="111">
            <name>Requires</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="518452">
                <text>&lt;a href='http://www.adobe.com/reader.html' target='_blank'&gt;Adobe Acrobat Reader&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="3040">
        <name>Arcadia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3038">
        <name>Atwood Grove</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3031">
        <name>Auburndale</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3021">
        <name>Bartow</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3002">
        <name>Belair Grove</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3028">
        <name>Boggy Creek</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3009">
        <name>Carter, Silas B.</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="359">
        <name>Chase and Company</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="6955">
        <name>Chase, Sydney Octavius</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3016">
        <name>Collins House</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="2959">
        <name>commissioner</name>
      </tag>
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The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 58-second audio recording: Wood, Guy and Robert Mellin. "My One and Only Love," by Terry Myers: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, August 14, 2006.</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Guy Wood and Robert Mellin, performed by Terry Myers, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"My Shining Hour" by The Jazz Professors</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "My Shining Hour," composed by Harold Arlen (1905-1986), with lyrics by Johnny Mercer (1909-1976), and performed by The Jazz Professors live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 10, 2007. The Jazz Professors are a sextet of professors from the University of Central Florida (UCF) in Orlando, Florida, who play professionally and have released two albums with Flying Horse Records, a professional jazz record label operated by the university. They have recorded and toured with a number of prominent guest musicians "My Shining Hour" was written by Arlen and Mercer for the 1943 film, &lt;em&gt;The Sky's the Limit&lt;/em&gt;, for which it was nominated for and Academy Award for Best Song.</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 55-second audio recording: Arlen, Harold. "My Shining Hour," by the Jazz Professors: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 10, 2007.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Harold Arlen, performed by The Jazz Professors, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <text>Originally composed by Miles Davis, performed by The Jazz Professors, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947. At the time, roadside attractions were becoming popular stops along Florida roadways. The attraction consisted of an amalgamation of vendors, an orchid garden, a river boat tour, as well as the star attraction: a mermaid show that took place in an underwater theater. Eventually, the May Museum of the Tropics, an "abandoned Seminole village", a show called “Birds of Prey”, and a petting zoo were added. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/63" target="_blank"&gt;Hernando County Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html" target="_blank"&gt;History of Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;." Weeki Wachee Springs State Park. http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Pelland, Maryan, and Dan Pelland. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67516850" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Vickers, Lu, and Bonnie Georgiadis. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780478262" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weeki Wachee Mermaids: Thirty Years of Underwater Photography&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text> Mermaids--Florida</text>
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                <text> Perry, Newton, 1908-1987</text>
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                <text>Clipping of newspaper article "Newton Perry Has Enviable Record" published in the &lt;em&gt;Atlantic Coast Line News&lt;/em&gt; about Newton "Newt" Perry's athletic, educational, and professional accomplishments, in September 1929. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Newton "Newt" Perry was born in Valdosta, Georgia in 1908, and moved with his family to Ocala, Florida in 1922. He was a member of the swimming and diving teams at the University of Florida. Perry earned the nickname "The Human Fish" for his performances of underwater stunts in advertising clips and film shorts, and acted as a swim double for actors in movies and TV shows, including Johnny Weissmuller as "Tarzan." Perry also advised filmmakers filming underwater scenes at Silver Springs, Wakulla Springs, and Weeki Wachee Springs, and developed a system for breathing underwater using an air compressor and hose, which was used in the 1948 film "Mr. Peabody and the Mermaid" and during Weeki Wachee Springs' mermaid shows. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perry worked as a lifeguard, public school principal, coach, swimming and scuba diving instructor, and Ocala city pool manager. He opened Perry's Swim School in 1955, and taught more than 120,000 individuals to swim during his career. Perry was inducted into the Florida Sports Hall of Fame in 1981. Perry's daughter Delee Perry took over Perry's Swim School following her father's death in 1987, and it was still in operation as of 2020. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947, and used his experiences working at Silver Springs and Wakulla Springs to develop the original concepts for its underwater theater and mermaid shows. Perry sold his stake in Weeki Wachee Springs in 1950. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history.</text>
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                <text>Original clipping of a newspaper article about Newton "Newt" Perry, September 1929: Personal Collection of Delee Perry.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/63" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Weeki Wachee Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                <text>Digital reproduction of original clipping of a newspaper article about Newton "Newt" Perry, September 1929.</text>
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                <text> Ocala, Florida </text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Atlantic Coast Line news&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Atlantic Coast Line News&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>1929-09</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="701884">
                <text>1929-09</text>
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                <text> 4.50 MB</text>
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                <text> Theater Teacher</text>
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                <text>Originally created by the &lt;em&gt;Atlantic Coast Line News&lt;/em&gt; newspaper, owned by Delee Perry, and published by &lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="701893">
                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by &lt;em&gt;Atlantic Coast Line News&lt;/em&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Florida Humanities Council Community Grant Program and Friends of Weeki Wachee Springs State Park</text>
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                <text>Rebecca Schwandt's Thesis Project</text>
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            <name>Curator</name>
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                <text>Kephart, Anna</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Personal Collection of Delee Perry</text>
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            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="701900">
                <text>Florida Department of State. Division of Historical Resources. "&lt;a href="https://dos.myflorida.com/historical/preservation/national-register/national-preservation-month-2020/weeki-wachee-springs/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;." https://dos.myflorida.com/historical/preservation/national-register/national-preservation-month-2020/weeki-wachee-springs/. Accessed May 15, 2020.</text>
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                <text>Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida State Parks. "&lt;a href="https://www.floridastateparks.org/learn/history-weeki-wachee" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;History of Weeki Wachee&lt;/a&gt;." https://www.floridastateparks.org/learn/history-weeki-wachee. Accessed May 15, 2020.</text>
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                <text>Rizzo, Marian. "&lt;a href="https://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130814/News/604145183/OS" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;'Human Fish' Had a Life Filled With Aquatic Exploits&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Ocala Star Banner&lt;/em&gt;. August 14, 2013. https://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130814/News/604145183/OS. Accessed May 15, 2020.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="701903">
                <text>Schwandt, Rebecca. "&lt;a href="https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/6189" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Revisiting Roadside Attractions: A 'Deep Dive' into Florida's Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 (6189), 2018. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/6189.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="701904">
                <text>Turtle, Howard. "Kansas Citians Stage Shows in Deep Water in Florida." &lt;em&gt;Kansas City Star&lt;/em&gt;. March 7, 1948.</text>
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        <name>Delee Perry</name>
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        <name>Florida tourism</name>
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        <name>mermaids</name>
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        <name>natural springs</name>
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        <name>Newton "Newt" Perry</name>
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        <name>roadside attractions</name>
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        <name>roadside tourism</name>
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        <name>swimming</name>
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        <name>tourist attractions</name>
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                  <text>Jazz Collection</text>
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                  <text>Jazz Collection</text>
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                  <text>Music--United States</text>
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                  <text>Jazz--United States</text>
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                  <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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              <name>Contributor</name>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Is Part Of</name>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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              <name>Type</name>
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              <name>Coverage</name>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523472">
                  <text>DeLand, Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523473">
                  <text>Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida</text>
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                  <text>WUCF-TV, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida</text>
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              <name>Curator</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523474">
                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523475">
                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>External Reference</name>
              <description/>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="524875">
                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="524876">
                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"No More Blues" by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini</text>
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                <text>"No More Blues" by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
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                <text> Music--United States</text>
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                <text> Jazz--United States</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "No More Blues," composed by Antônio Carlos Jobim (1927-1994), with lyrics by Vinícius de Moraes (1913-1980), and performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini live on-air on WUCF-FM on April 23, 2007. Jeff Rupert (b. 1964) is a freelance tenor saxophonist, Director of Jazz Studies and professor at the University of Central Florida (UCF), founder of Flying Horse Records, composer, and Yamaha performing artist. He has recorded with numerous artists, including Maynard Ferguson (1928-2006), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Mel Tormé (1925-1999), and Benny Carter, whose 1992 album, Harlem Renaissance, Rupert appeared on, won a Grammy award. He has recorded and performed with his own bands as well, including Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini and The Jazz Professors. "No More Blues," or "Chega de Saudade," is a jazz standard that is considered to be the first recorded bossa nova song. The song was first recorded in 1958 by Elizete Cardoso, but the second recorded version in 1959 by João Gilberto became an international hit.</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 35-second audio recording of Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini, &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, April 23, 2007: WUCF-FM, University of Central Florida.</text>
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                <text>Multimedia software, such as &lt;a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"&gt; QuickTime&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>2007-04-23</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Antônio Carlos Jobim and Vinícius de Moraes, performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Antônio "Tom" Carlos Brasileiro de Almeida Jobim and Vinícius de Moraes and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/jeffrupert" target="_blank"&gt;Jeff Rupert&lt;/a&gt;." All About Jazz. http://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/jeffrupert (accessed March 18, 2015).</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/4bb860562f0d1aa5f181988c71721a13.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;"No More Blues" by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Rock Collection</text>
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                  <text>Rock Collection</text>
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                  <text>Lakeland (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>Maitland (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of rock music in Central Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
Rock music is uniquely American, emerging in the late 1940s and 1950s, with the influence of African-American blues, jazz, boogie woogie, and gospel, mixed with predominantly white country and Western swing music. This hybrid genre helped define a generation, breaking down color barriers in the South by merging African musical traditions with European instrumentation. The popularization of rock music coincided with the African-American Civil Rights Movement, which sought to end racial segregation and discrimination in the South. The sudden interest of white teens in black “race music” provoked a backlash among traditionalists and Americans found themselves in the middle of a “culture war.” The counterculture youth of the 1950s and 1960s rejected many of the mainstream cultural standards of their parents’ generation, especially in regards to race. &#13;
&#13;
During the First and Second Great Migration of the 20th century, African Americans and whites began living in closer proximity to one another, more so than ever before, resulting in both races emulating the other’s style in fashion, art, and music. Rock music influenced the language, attitudes, ideas, and trends of a generation. The genre continued to evolve, incorporating new elements with each subsequent decade. During the 1960s, the subgenres of folk rock, jazz rock, country rock, blues rock, psychedelic rock, glam rock, and progressive rock emerged. Musicians in the 1970s and 1980s created punk rock, Southern rock, heavy metal, new wave, and alternative rock. By the 1990s, artist continued to expand the genre by creating rap rock, reggae rock, grunge, and indie rock.&#13;
&#13;
Florida has been at the heart of rock music and the “culture war” since the 1950s. The recording industry was actively making rock records in Tampa during the 1960s and in Miami during the 1970s. Gram Parsons, a native of Winter Haven, is credited as the father of the country rock movement of the late 1960s, and Southern rock emerged from Jacksonville during the 1970s and 1980s, with bands such as the Allman Brothers Band, Lynyrd Skynyrd, the Outlaws, and Molly Hatchet. These contributions played an integral part in the history of rock music.&#13;
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description/>
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                  <text>Knickerbocker, Carl</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="524809">
                  <text>Wahl, Julie</text>
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              <name>Is Part Of</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="523497">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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              <name>Type</name>
              <description/>
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                  <text>Collection</text>
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              <name>Coverage</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523499">
                  <text>Bob Carr Theater, Orlando, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="523500">
                  <text>Enzian Theater, Maitland, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="523501">
                  <text>Great Southern Music Hall, Orlando, Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523502">
                  <text>Lakeland Civic Center, Lakeland, Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523838">
                  <text>Orange County Civic Center, Orlando, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Orlando-Seminole Jai Alai Fronton, Fern Park, Florida</text>
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              <name>Curator</name>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>External Reference</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="524806">
                  <text>Altschuler, Glenn C. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51518334" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;All Shook Up: How Rock 'n' Roll Changed America&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.</text>
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                  <text>Fisher, Marc. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69594101" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Random House, 2007.</text>
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                  <text>Studwell, William E., and D. F. Lonergan. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41090615" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Classic Rock and Roll Reader: Rock Music from Its Beginnings to the Mid-1970s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Haworth Press, 1999.</text>
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              <name>Language</name>
              <description/>
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                <elementText elementTextId="524810">
                  <text>eng</text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
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        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
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              <text>1 color photograph</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>"Oh, What a Shame" by The Arena Twins</text>
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            <description/>
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                <text>"Oh, What a Shame" (The Arena Twins)</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>Tampa (Fla.)</text>
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                <text> Music--Florida</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552494">
                <text> Rock music--Florida</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552495">
                <text> Lounge music</text>
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                <text> rock</text>
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                <text> rock music</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552498">
                <text> Musicians--Southern States</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552499">
                <text> Columbia Records, Inc.</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description/>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552500">
                <text>Seven-inch 33 RPM vinyl record single of the song, "Oh, What a Shame," recorded by The Arena Twins, and arranged and conducted by Marty Manning. "Oh, What a Shame" is the B-side to the single, "Notify the F.B.I.," released in 1960 on Columbia Records, Inc.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sammy and Andrew "Andy" Arena, who performed together as The Arena Twins, were among Tampa's first recording artists in the late 1950s. Born in Tampa, Florida, the brothers entertained audiences since the age of 14, when they first took the stage at the Cuban Club's "Fiesta in Tampa." In 1958, they signed with Kapp Records and released six singles, before signing with Columbia Records in 1960.</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description/>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description/>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552502">
                <text>Original color photograph, 1960: &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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            <name>Is Part Of</name>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/bands-artists.php" target="_blank"&gt;Profiles: Bands &amp;amp; Artists&lt;/a&gt;, Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/142" target="_blank"&gt;Rock Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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            <name>Is Format Of</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552507">
                <text>Digital reproduction of original color photograph, 1960. &lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/resources/Arena%20twins%2COh%20what%20a%20shame%2C33rpm.JPG" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/resources/Arena%20twins%2COh%20what%20a%20shame%2C33rpm.JPG&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.tampabaymusichistory.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Tampa Bay Music Scene Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>Arena, Andrew "Andy"</text>
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                <text>Arena, Sammy</text>
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                <text>Manning, Marty</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552513">
                <text>&lt;a href="http://columbiarecords.com/home" target="_blank"&gt;Columbia Records, Inc.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date Created</name>
            <description/>
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                <text>1960</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="552515">
                <text>1960</text>
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          <element elementId="95">
            <name>Date Modified</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552516">
                <text>2012-12-18</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Date Copyrighted</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552517">
                <text>1960</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description/>
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The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "One Note Samba," composed by Antônio Carlos Jobim (1927-1994) with Portuguese lyrics by Newton Mendon, and performed by the John Whitney Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on January 4, 2000. John Whitney served as director of both orchestral studies and the University of Central Florida Jazz Lab band during his 20 years with the university. Whitney also led the UCF Jazz Lab band in invited performances at Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland and North Sea Jazz Festival in Holland. He established himself as a conductor, performer, composer, arranger, and teacher in both classical and jazz arenas, founding and directing the Southern Tier Symphony in Allegany, New York, in 2003, until his death in 2014. "One Note Samba" is a jazz standard in a bossa nova rhythm, which was made popular on the 1963 Grammy-winning, number one album, &lt;em&gt;Jazz Samba&lt;/em&gt;. It has been recorded by numerous artists, including Quincy Jones (b. 1933), Frank Sinatra (1915-1998), Barbra Streisand (b. 1942), and Ella Fitzgerald (1917-1996).</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 35-second audio recording: Antônio Carlos Jobim and Newton Mendon. "One Note Samba," by the John Whitney Trio: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, January 4, 2000.</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Antônio Carlos Jobim and Newton Ferreira de Mendon, performed by the John Whitney Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Antônio Carlos Jobim and Newton Ferreira de Mendon and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/about.php" target="_blank"&gt;John Whitney - Music Director&lt;/a&gt;." Southern Tier Symphony. http://www.southerntiersymphony.org/John_Whitney_Biography.htm (accessed March 17, 2015).</text>
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Florida was first inhabited by Paleo-Indians as early as 14,000 years ago. By the 16th century, several distinct Native American tribes inhabited present-day Florida, primarily  the Apalachee of the Panhandle, the Timucua of North and Central Florida), the Ais of the Central Atlantic Coast, the Tocobaga of the Tampa Bay area, the Calusa of Southwest Florida, and the Tequesta of the Southeast Florida.&#13;
&#13;
In 1513, Juan Ponce de León of Spain became the earliest known European explorer to arrive in Florida. During the 16th, 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, Spanish, French, and English pioneers settled various parts of the states, though not all settlement were successful. Most of the region was owned by Spain, until it was ceded to the United States via the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819. On March 3, 1845, Florida earned statehood. Florida was marred by nearly constant warfare with the Native Americans in the region, particularly with the Seminoles during the Seminole Wars.&#13;
&#13;
On January 10, 1861, Florida seceded from the Union and joined the Confederate States of American on January 20th. The state's participation in the Civil War revolved mostly around the transportation of goods via ships.&#13;
&#13;
On June 25, 1868, Florida regained its representation in Congress. During the Reconstruction period, Florida drafted a new state constitution, which included statues that effectively disenfranchised its African-American citizens, as well as many poor white citizens.&#13;
&#13;
Through much of its early history, Florida's economy relied heavily upon agriculture, especially citrus, cattle, sugarcane, tomatoes, and strawberries. Florida's tourism industry developed greatly with the economic prosperity of the 1920s. However, this was halted by devastating hurricanes in the second half of the decade, the Wall Street Crash of 1929, and the Great Depression. The economy would not fully recover until manufacturing was stimulated by World War II. As of 2014, Florida was the third most populous state in the country.</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://dos.myflorida.com/florida-facts/florida-history/" target="_blank"&gt;Florida History&lt;/a&gt;." Florida Department of State. http://dos.myflorida.com/florida-facts/florida-history/.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Knotts, Bob. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49672975" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Florida History&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Chicago: Heinemann Library, 2003.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>A newspaper article published by &lt;em&gt;The Central Florida Press&lt;/em&gt; on June 20, 1930. This article states that automobile accidents in 1929 resulted in 31,000 deaths and one million injuries. At the time that the article was written, steam-powered cars and wagons dominated the road. Such vehicles would reach its peak in development in the early 1930s, with the advent of lightweight boilers and efficient engine designs. During World War I, internal combustion engines allowing automobiles easier to operate and more reliable. The high-speed diesel engine was developed in 1930, resulting in the decline of wagons in favor of automobiles.</text>
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                <text>Corbett, David. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/61454166" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;A History of Cars&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Milwaukee, WI: Gareth Stevens Pub, 2006.</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Out," composed by Sam Rivers (1923-2011) and performed by the Sam Rivers Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 11, 2001. Rivers was a jazz multi-instrumentalist and composer from Oklahoma, who helped popularize free jazz and avant-garde jazz. Rivers was briefly a member of the Miles Davis Quintet before going on to lead his own groups and perform as a sideman with a number of artists. Rivers and his wife, Bea Rivers, opened a public jazz loft known as Studio Rivbea in the 1970s in Lower Manhattan in New York City, New York. The couple moved to Orlando, Florida, in the early 1990s, where Rivers continued to perform with his Orchestra and Trio. This incarnation of the Sam Rivers Trio included the rhythm section from his Rivbea All-Star Orchestra: bassist Doug Mathews and drummer Anthony Cole.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Sam Rivers, performed the Sam Rivers Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Sam Rivers and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Chinen, Nate. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/755624978" target="_blank"&gt;”Sam Rivers, Jazz Artist of Loft Scene, Dies at 88&lt;/a&gt;.” &lt;em&gt;The New York Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 27, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/28/arts/music/sam-rivers-jazz-musician-dies-at-88.html?_r=0 (Accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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            <element elementId="86">
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              <description/>
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                  <text>Historic artifacts from an exhibit created by Orlando Remembered at the Regions Bank building, located at 111-113 North Orange Avenue in Downtown Orlando, Florida. The Orlando Remembered Committee of the Historical Society of Central Florida, Inc. was created to "showcase artistic renderings of the time depicted, with artifacts and historical memorabilia from the location in an effort to preserve the memory of Orlando's history while acknowledging the potential of the City's future." The exhibit at Regions Bank memorializes several businesses and churches located around the Sears, Roebuck &amp; Company building (now the Regions Bank building), including Frigidaire, the Cathedral of St. Luke, St. James Catholic Church, Denmark's Sporting Goods, Kiddie Korner, Main Street Market, Associated Radio Store, and Gibbs-Louis, Inc. The exhibit was designed by Bob Buck and the artwork was created by Jim Stohl.</text>
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                  <text>Daily, Patricia F.</text>
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                  <text>Bourgeois, Charles</text>
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                  <text>Denmark, Pete</text>
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                  <text>Fair, Mrs. George C.</text>
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                  <text>Meeks, Curtis</text>
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                  <text>Wolfe, Claude Jr.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://www.stlukescathedral.org/History.html/History.html/" target="_blank"&gt;Cathedral Church of St. Luke&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Orange County Regional History Center&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/106" target="_blank"&gt;Orlando Remembered Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Main Street Market, Downtown Orlando, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Sears, Roebuck &amp; Company, Downtown Orlando, Florida</text>
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                  <text>St. James Catholic Cathedral, Downtown Orlando, Florida</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Orlando Remembered&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <description/>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/" target="_blank"&gt;The Historic Icons of Orlando&lt;/a&gt;." Orlando Remembered. http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/.</text>
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                  <text>Bacon, Eve. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Orlando: A Centennial History&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975.</text>
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                  <text>Rajtar, Steve. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Guide to Historic Orlando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006.</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="492930">
                <text>"Pennsylvania Polka" Decca Record from Associated Radio Store</text>
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            <name>Alternative Title</name>
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                <text>A "Pennsylvania Polka" record manufactured by Decca Records, Inc. in New York City, New York. "Pennsylvania Polka" was performed by Lester Lee and Zeke Manners (1911-2000) on &lt;em&gt;The Lawrence Welk Show&lt;/em&gt;. This particular copy was purchased from the Associated Radio Store, located &lt;span&gt;at 149 North Orange Avenue&lt;/span&gt; in Downtown Orlando, Florida.</text>
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                <text>Original record: Lee, Lester and Zeke Manners. &lt;em&gt;Pennsylvania Polka&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;a href="http://www.decca.com//" target="_blank"&gt;Decca Records, Inc.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.decca.com//" target="_blank"&gt;Decca Records, Inc.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="492952">
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                <text>Originally published by &lt;a href="http://www.decca.com//" target="_blank"&gt;Decca Records, Inc.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Donated to &lt;a href="http://orlandoremembered.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Orlando Remembered&lt;/a&gt; by Ellen McGee Smith.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by the &lt;a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Orange County Regional History Center&lt;/a&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text> Cepero, Laura</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="492994">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="492996">
                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.decca.com/about/" target="_blank"&gt;About&lt;/a&gt;." Decca Records. http://www.decca.com/about/.</text>
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                <text>Welk, Lawrence. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/15075689" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Lawrence Welk Show&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Sandy Hook, Conn: Video yesteryear, 1982.</text>
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                <text>Sanders, Coyne Steven, and Ginny Weissman. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/12162145" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Champagne Music: The Lawrence Welk Show&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985.</text>
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                <text>DECCA &#13;
PERSONA[?] SERIES&#13;
REG[?] G.[?] PAT. OFF.&#13;
MAR[?] REGISTRADA[?]&#13;
MANUFACTURED BY DECCA[?] RECORDS, INC. NEW YORK, U.S.A.&#13;
&#13;
(L4106)&#13;
Album No. A-526&#13;
8 sides 0-2&#13;
&#13;
Polka&#13;
&#13;
PENNSYLVANIA POLKA&#13;
(Lester Lee-Zeek Manners&#13;
&#13;
LAWRENCE WELK&#13;
And His Champagne Music&#13;
&#13;
23855 B&#13;
&#13;
LICENSED BY MFR. U.S. PATS 1637544, RE16588, 1895178 (OTHER PATS [ILLEGIBLE] ONLY FOR NON-COMMERCIAL USE FOR PHONOGRAPHS IN HOMES-[ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] AGREE THIS RECORD SHALL NOT BE [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE]&#13;
&#13;
WL4106T7A</text>
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                  <text>Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947. At the time, roadside attractions were becoming popular stops along Florida roadways. The attraction consisted of an amalgamation of vendors, an orchid garden, a river boat tour, as well as the star attraction: a mermaid show that took place in an underwater theater. Eventually, the May Museum of the Tropics, an "abandoned Seminole village", a show called “Birds of Prey”, and a petting zoo were added. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history.</text>
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                  <text>Tourism--Florida</text>
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                  <text>Schumacher, Elmer "Sparky"</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/63" target="_blank"&gt;Hernando County Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html" target="_blank"&gt;History of Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;." Weeki Wachee Springs State Park. http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Pelland, Maryan, and Dan Pelland. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67516850" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Vickers, Lu, and Bonnie Georgiadis. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780478262" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weeki Wachee Mermaids: Thirty Years of Underwater Photography&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>"Perry 'Choked Up' At Dedication"</text>
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                <text> Perry, Newton, 1908-1987</text>
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                <text>Newspaper article entitled "Perry 'Choked Up' at Dedication" describing a ceremony dedicating a new swimming pool at Central Florida Community College to Newton "Newt" Perry some time between 1970-1987. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Newton "Newt" Perry was born in Valdosta, Georgia in 1908, and moved with his family to Ocala, Florida in 1922. He was a member of the swimming and diving teams at the University of Florida. Perry earned the nickname "The Human Fish" for his performances of underwater stunts in advertising clips and film shorts, and acted as a swim double for actors in movies and TV shows, including Johnny Weissmuller as "Tarzan." Perry also advised filmmakers filming underwater scenes at Silver Springs, Wakulla Springs, and Weeki Wachee Springs, and developed a system for breathing underwater using an air compressor and hose, which was used in the 1948 film "Mr. Peabody and the Mermaid" and during Weeki Wachee Springs' mermaid shows. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perry worked as a lifeguard, public school principal, coach, swimming and scuba diving instructor, and Ocala city pool manager. He opened Perry's Swim School in 1955, and taught more than 120,000 individuals to swim during his career. Perry was inducted into the Florida Sports Hall of Fame in 1981. Perry's daughter Delee Perry took over Perry's Swim School following her father's death in 1987, and it was still in operation as of 2020. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947, and used his experiences working at Silver Springs and Wakulla Springs to develop the original concepts for its underwater theater and mermaid shows. Perry sold his stake in Weeki Wachee Springs in 1950. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history.</text>
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                <text>Original clipping of a newspaper article about Newton "Newt" Perry, ca. 1970-1987: Personal Collection of Delee Perry.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/63" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Weeki Wachee Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Rapture," composed by Sam Rivers (1923-2011) and performed by the Sam Rivers Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 11, 2001. Rivers was a jazz multi-instrumentalist and composer from Oklahoma, who helped popularize free jazz and avant-garde jazz. Rivers was briefly a member of the Miles Davis Quintet before going on to lead his own groups and perform as a sideman with a number of artists. Rivers and his wife, Bea Rivers, opened a public jazz loft known as Studio Rivbea in the 1970s in Lower Manhattan in New York City, New York. The couple moved to Orlando, Florida, in the early 1990s, where Rivers continued to perform with his Orchestra and Trio. This incarnation of the Sam Rivers Trio included the rhythm section from his Rivbea All-Star Orchestra: bassist Doug Mathews and drummer Anthony Cole. "Rapture" was recorded and released on the 1999 Sam Rivers album, &lt;em&gt;Winter Garden&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 43-second audio recording: Rivers, Sam. "Rapture," by the Sam Rivers: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, August 14, 2006.</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Sam Rivers, performed the Sam Rivers Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Sam Rivers and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Chinen, Nate. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/755624978" target="_blank"&gt;”Sam Rivers, Jazz Artist of Loft Scene, Dies at 88&lt;/a&gt;.” &lt;em&gt;The New York Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 27, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/28/arts/music/sam-rivers-jazz-musician-dies-at-88.html?_r=0 (Accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Recado Bossa Nova" by Terry Myers</text>
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                <text>"Recado Bossa Nova" by Myers</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Recado Bossa Nova," composed by Luiz Antonio and Djalma Ferreira, and performed by Terry Myers live on-air on WUCF-FM on August 14, 2006. Myers is a reed player from Iowa who developed a successful career in Nashville, Tennessee, and New York before moving to Central Florida, where he became a band leader at Walt Disney World's Epcot theme park and the band leader at Rosie O'Grady's Good Time Jazz Emporium at Church Street Station in Orlando. Myers has played at jazz festivals across the United States, Europe, and Asia, and is currently the director of the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. "Recado Bossa Nova" was written by Brazilian composers/musicians Antonio and Ferreira and first recorded by Hank Mobley (1930-1986) on his 1965 album, &lt;em&gt;Dippin'&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Original 6-minute and 13-second audio recording: Antonio, Luiz and Djalma Ferreira. "Recado Bossa Nova," by Terry Myers: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, August 14, 2006.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text> Humanities Teacher</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Luiz Antonio and Djalma Ferreira, performed by Terry Myers, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Luiz Antonio and Djalma Ferreira and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html" target="_blank"&gt;Meet Terry Myers&lt;/a&gt;." BuddyMorrowProductions.com. http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html (accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank"&gt;WHO IS CREATIVE SANFORD, INC?&lt;/a&gt;" Celery Soup. http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about.</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.communityperformanceinternational.org/sanford-florida" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford, Florida: How do you make Celery Soup? Add stories, then stir&lt;/a&gt;." Community Performance International. http://www.communityperformanceinternational.org/sanford-florida.</text>
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                <text>The front display window at the Princess Theater, located at 115 West First Street, for the Creative Sanford, Inc. and &lt;em&gt;Celery Soup: Florida's Folk Life Play&lt;/em&gt; production of &lt;em&gt;Remade - Not Bought&lt;/em&gt;. The window display is filled with baking related props like pies, an old stand mixer, a cookbook, mixing bowls, an apron, a measuring cup, and various ingredients for making pies The faux props were made by school children in Seminole County. &lt;em&gt;Remade - Not Bought&lt;/em&gt; was a Celery Soup play produced by Creative Sanford performed October 18 through November 3, 2013. The play was written by Peter Newman, Brian Casey, Trish Thompson, Annye Refoe, and Laura Donaldson. &lt;em&gt;Remade - Not Bought&lt;/em&gt; was directed by Nicholas Murphy, the artistic director of Cornerstone Theatre in Orlando, and includes original music by Ruth King. The play features stories real-life stories based on oral histories of Sanford residents.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3093" target="_blank"&gt;Oral History of Trish Thompson&lt;/a&gt;." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/3093.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about" target="_blank"&gt;WHO IS CREATIVE SANFORD, INC?&lt;/a&gt;" Celery Soup. http://www.celerysoupsanford.com//about.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2010-10-20/entertainment/os-celery-soup-sanford-20101020_1_oral-histories-swamp-gravy-celery-soup" target="_blank"&gt;Tales of Sanford's resilience are the stars of 'Touch and Go'.&lt;/a&gt;" &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, October 20, 2010. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2010-10-20/entertainment/os-celery-soup-sanford-20101020_1_oral-histories-swamp-gravy-celery-soup.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.celerysoupsanford.com/about/made-not-bought-performance/" target="_blank"&gt;Remade Not Bought | Oct 18 Nov 3&lt;/a&gt;." Celery Soup. http://www.celerysoupsanford.com/about/made-not-bought-performance/.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.mysanfordherald.com/view/full_story/23851399/article-Celery-Soup-returns-with--ReMade---Not-Bought-" target="_blank"&gt;Celery Soup returns with 'ReMade Not Bought'&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The Sanford Herald&lt;/em&gt;, October 14, 2013. http://www.mysanfordherald.com/view/full_story/23851399/article-Celery-Soup-returns-with--ReMade---Not-Bought-.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Rhythm of Our World," composed and performed by Arturo Sandoval (b. 1949) live on-air on WUCF-FM on October 9, 1999. A protégé of trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993), who was the first musician to bring Latin influences into American jazz, Cuban-born Sandoval became one of the most celebrated trumpeters of all-time, winning ten Grammy Awards, six Billboard Awards, and an Emmy Award. Sandoval defected to the United States while touring with Gillespie in 1990. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama (b. 1961) in 2013. Arturo Sandoval's Jazz Club was briefly open in Miami Beach, Florida, in the late 2000s. "Rhythm of Our World" was written and recorded by Sandoval for his 1998 Grammy award-winning album, &lt;em&gt;Hot House&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text> Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                <text>1999-10-09</text>
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                <text>Originally created and performed by Arturo Sandoval and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Arturo Sandoval and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Simon, Robert, Arturo Sandoval, and Marianela Sandoval. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880150347" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;John "Dizzy" Birks Gillespie: The Man Who Changed My Life: from the Memoirs of Arturo Sandoval&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Chicago, IL: GIA Publications, 2014</text>
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                <text>Meredith, Bill. "&lt;a href="http://jazztimes.com/articles/19107-arturo-sandoval-from-cuba-with-love" target="_blank"&gt;Arturo Sandoval : From Cuba, With Love&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Jazz Times&lt;/em&gt;, October 2007. http://jazztimes.com/articles/19107-arturo-sandoval-from-cuba-with-love (Accessed March 24, 2015).</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/fb5661abb5f468bd61b07c2d823393a0.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;"Rhythm of Our World" by Arturo Sandoval&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/" target="_blank"&gt;The Historic Icons of Orlando&lt;/a&gt;." Orlando Remembered. http://www.historiciconsoforlando.com/.</text>
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                  <text>Bacon, Eve. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2020029" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Orlando: A Centennial History&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Chuluota, Fla: Mickler House, 1975.</text>
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                  <text>Rajtar, Steve. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70911136" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;A Guide to Historic Orlando&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Charleston, SC: History Press, 2006.</text>
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                <text>"Right to Know" Award for Mayor Carl T. Langford</text>
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                <text>Mayor Langford's Open Door Award</text>
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                <text>This wooden wall mount was awarded to Mayor Carl T. Langford (1918-2011) by the Sigma Delta Chi Chapter, a local journalism fraternity, in 1968. Langford was elected to the Office of Mayor on March 7, 1967, to fill the vacancy left when Mayor Bob Carr (1899-1967) died in office. Mayor Langford served through 1980. A businessman, Mayor Langford played a significant role in expanding Orlando with the installation of the Orlando International Airport. He also served as mayor during the Civil Rights Movement and played a role in integrating the city. Mayor Langford promoted the inclusion of African Americans in the city police academy. He also created a policy that allowed African Americans to become firemen, making Orlando the first city in the state to have African-American firefighters.</text>
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                <text>Original plaque, 1968: Orlando Remembered Exhibit, &lt;a href="http://www.cityoforlando.net/city-hall-hours-directions/" target="_blank"&gt;Orlando City Hall&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/173" target="_blank"&gt;Orlando City Hall Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by &lt;a href="https://www.thehistorycenter.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Orange County Regional History Center&lt;/a&gt; and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Slauscius, Bree</text>
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                <text> Cepero, Laura</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Schlueb, Mark. "&lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2011-07-14/news/os-carl-langford-funeral-20110714_1_carl-langford-orlando-mayor-longest-serving-mayor" target="_blank"&gt;Carl Langford remembered as Orlando mayor who loved city, a good prank&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, July 14, 2011. Accessed February 1, 2016. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2011-07-14/news/os-carl-langford-funeral-20110714_1_carl-langford-orlando-mayor-longest-serving-mayor.</text>
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                <text>Schlueb, Mark and Weiner, Jeff. "&lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2011-07-09/news/os-obit-carl-langford-20110709_1_mayor-buddy-dyer-carl-langford-longest-serving-mayor" target="_blank"&gt;Carl Langford: Former Orlando mayor led city during period of tremendous growth&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, July 9, 2011. Accessed March 10, 2016. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2011-07-09/news/os-obit-carl-langford-20110709_1_mayor-buddy-dyer-carl-langford-longest-serving-mayor.</text>
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                <text>Langford, Carl. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3086503" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Hizzoner the Mayor&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Orlando, Fla: Chateau Pub, 1976.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>DeLand, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Round About Midnight" by Larry Coryell</text>
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                <text>"Round About Midnight" by Larry Coryell</text>
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                <text> Jazz--United States</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "'Round About Midnight," composed by Thelonious Monk (1917-1982), Bernie Hanighen (1908-1976), and Cootie Williams (1911-1985), and performed by Larry Coryell (b. 1943) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 8, 1999. Coryell is an American jazz fusion guitarist, composer, and one of the pioneers of jazz-rock, a fusion genre that combines elements of blues, rock, country, and bop. Considered by many to be one of the greatest guitarists of all time, Coryell has shared the stage with Miles Davis (1926-1991) and Jimi Hendrix (1942-1970). He has remained active since the 1960s, recording over 100 albums. "'Round About Midnight" was first recorded by Miles Davis in 1955 and released on his album of the same name in 1957. It is the most recorded jazz standard composed by a jazz musician.</text>
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                <text>Original 8-minute and 42-second audio recording: Monk, Thelonious, Bernie Hanighen, and Cootie Williams. "'Round About Midnight," by Larry Coryell: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, June 8, 1999.</text>
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                <text>Multimedia software, such as &lt;a href="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/" target="_blank"&gt; QuickTime&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text> Hanighen, Bernie</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Samba de Orpheus," composed by Luiz Bonfá (1922-2001) and performed by Ira Sullivan (b. 1931) live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 8, 2006. A multi-instrumentalist, Sullivan was a crucial part of the Chicago jazz scene of the 1950s, performing with numerous artists, including a stint with Art Blakey (1919-1990) and the Jazz Messengers in 1956. He left the spotlight and moved to Florida to raise his family in the early 1960s, eventually starting a quintet with Red Rodney (1927-1994). Sullivan taught summers at the University of Miami's Young Musician's Camp, in which professional musicians and faculty from the UM School of Music instructed students between 7 and 18 years old in classical music, jazz, rock, songwriting, composition, and musical theater. One of the first bossa nova compositions to gain popularity outside Brazil, "Samba de Orpheus" has become a jazz standard. The song originally appeared in the 1959 film, &lt;em&gt;Orfeu Negro&lt;/em&gt; ("&lt;em&gt;Black Orpheus&lt;/em&gt;").</text>
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                <text>Original 6-minute and 24-second audio recording: Bonfá, Luiz. "Samba de Orpheus," by Ira Sullivan: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 8, 2006.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Luiz Bonfá performed by Ira Sullivan, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Softly, As in a Morning Sunrise" by Ira Sullivan</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Softly, As in a Morning Sunrise," composed by Sigmund Romberg (1887-1951), with lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II (1895-1960), and performed by Ira Sullivan (b. 1931) live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 8, 2006. A multi-instrumentalist, Sullivan was a crucial part of the Chicago jazz scene of the 1950s, performing with numerous artists, including a stint with Art Blakey (1919-1990) and the Jazz Messengers in 1956. He left the spotlight and moved to Florida to raise his family in the early 1960s, eventually starting a quintet with Red Rodney (1927-1994). Sullivan taught summers at the University of Miami's Young Musician's Camp, in which professional musicians and faculty from the UM School of Music instructed students between 7 and 18 years old in classical music, jazz, rock, songwriting, composition, and musical theater. "Softly, As in a Morning Sunrise" is a jazz standard written by Romberg and Hammerstein for the 1928 operetta, &lt;em&gt;The New Moon&lt;/em&gt;. Originally composed as a tango, the first noteworthy jazz version is the 1938 recording by Artie Shaw (1910-2004).</text>
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                <text>Original 8-minute and 1-second audio recording: Romberg, Sigmund, and Oscar Hammerstein II. "Softly, As in a Morning Sunrise," by Ira Sullivan: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 8, 2006.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text> Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Sigmund Romberg and Oscar Hammerstein II, performed by Ira Sullivan, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Sigmund Romberg and Oscar Hammerstein II and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Meredith, Bill. "&lt;a href="http://jazztimes.com/articles/19200-ira-sullivan-family-first" target="_blank"&gt;Ira Sullivan: Family First&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Jazz Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 2007. http://jazztimes.com/articles/19200-ira-sullivan-family-first (Accessed March 23, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                <text>An audio recording of "Solo Scat," composed and performed by Arturo Sandoval (b. 1949) live on-air on WUCF-FM on October 9, 1999. A protégé of trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993), who was the first musician to bring Latin influences into American jazz, Cuban-born Sandoval became one of the most celebrated trumpeters of all-time, winning ten Grammy Awards, six Billboard Awards, and an Emmy Award. Sandoval defected to the United States while touring with Gillespie in 1990. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama (b. 1961) in 2013. Arturo Sandoval's Jazz Club was briefly open in Miami Beach, Florida, in the late 2000s.</text>
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                <text>Simon, Robert, Arturo Sandoval, and Marianela Sandoval. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/880150347" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;John "Dizzy" Birks Gillespie: The Man Who Changed My Life: from the Memoirs of Arturo Sandoval&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Chicago, IL: GIA Publications, 2014</text>
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                <text>Meredith, Bill. "&lt;a href="http://jazztimes.com/articles/19107-arturo-sandoval-from-cuba-with-love" target="_blank"&gt;Arturo Sandoval : From Cuba, With Love&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Jazz Times&lt;/em&gt;, October 2007. http://jazztimes.com/articles/19107-arturo-sandoval-from-cuba-with-love (Accessed March 24, 2015).</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                <text>An audio recording of "Something," composed by George Harrison (1943-2001) and performed by Larry Coryell (b. 1943) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 8, 1999. Coryell is an American jazz fusion guitarist, composer, and one of the pioneers of jazz-rock, a fusion genre that combines elements of blues, rock, country, and bop. Considered by many to be one of the greatest guitarists of all time, Coryell has shared the stage with Miles Davis (1926-1991) and Jimi Hendrix (1942-1970). He has remained active since the 1960s, recording over 100 albums. "Something" was written by Harrison and released on the Beatles' 1969 album, &lt;em&gt;Abbey Road&lt;/em&gt;. It is the second-most covered Beatles song after "Yesterday."</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 21-second audio recording: Harrison, George. "Something," by Larry Coryell: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, June 8, 1999.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Coryell, Larry. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/72150176" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Improvising: My Life in Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Backbeat, 2007.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Soul Eyes" by The Jazz Professors</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Soul Eyes," composed by Mal Waldron (1925-2002) and performed by The Jazz Professors live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 10, 2007. &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;The Jazz Professors are a sextet of professors from the University of Central Florida (UCF) in Orlando, Florida, who play professionally and have released two albums with Flying Horse Records, a professional jazz record label operated by the university. They have recorded and toured with a number of prominent guest musicians&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; "Soul Eyes" is a jazz standard first recorded for the 1957 Prestige All Stars album, &lt;em&gt;Interplay for 2 Trumpets and 2 Tenors&lt;/em&gt;. Composer Waldron, who was in the group, wrote the song with bandmate and tenor saxophonist, John Coltrane (1926-1967), in mind, who would make the song famous with his own recording in 1962.</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 31-second audio recording: Waldron, Mal. "Soul Eyes," by the Jazz Professors: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 10, 2007.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally composed by Mal Waldron, performed by The Jazz Professors, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Mal Waldron and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Spring Can Really Hang You Up the Most" by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Spring Can Really Hang You Up the Most," composed by Tommy Wolf (1925-1979), with lyrics by Fran Landesman (1927-2011), and performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini live on-air on WUCF-FM on April 23, 2007. Jeff Rupert (b. 1964) is a freelance tenor saxophonist, Director of Jazz Studies and professor at the University of Central Florida (UCF), founder of Flying Horse Records, composer, and Yamaha performing artist. He has recorded with numerous artists, including Maynard Ferguson (1928-2006), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Mel Tormé (1925-1999), and Benny Carter, whose 1992 album, &lt;em&gt;Harlem Renaissance&lt;/em&gt;, Rupert appeared on, won a Grammy award. He has recorded and performed with his own bands as well, including Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini and The Jazz Professors. "Spring Can Really Hang You Up the Most" is a popular song composed in 1955 and recorded by numerous artists. The most famous version is Ella Fitzgerald's 1961 recording.</text>
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                <text>Original 7-minute and 3-second audio recording: Wolf, Tommy, and Fran Landesman. "Spring Can Really Hang You Up the Most," by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, April 23, 2007.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Tommy Wolf and Fran Landesman, performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Tommy Wolf and Fran Landesman and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="528444">
                <text>"&lt;a href="http://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/jeffrupert" target="_blank"&gt;Jeff Rupert&lt;/a&gt;." All About Jazz. http://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/jeffrupert (accessed March 18, 2015).</text>
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            <name>Click to View (Movie, Podcast, or Website)</name>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/43fb19a85d75ff03587fe54876db7807.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;"Spring Can Really Hang You Up the Most" by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <name>Brazilian jazz</name>
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        <name>CAH</name>
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        <name>College of Arts and Humanities</name>
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        <name>Fran Landesman</name>
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        <name>Tommy Wolf</name>
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                  <text>Carol E. Mundy Collection </text>
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                  <text>Mundy Collection </text>
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                  <text>The Carol E. Mundy Collection consists of hundreds of 19th- and 20th-century African-American memorabilia from the Apopk, Florida. The collection provides a snapshot into life within the African-American business community. This collection challenges our preconceived notions of how African-American communities lived in this time period. The entrepreneurial and community spirit thrived despite oppressive conditions.</text>
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                  <text>Mundy, Carol E.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://www.africanamericanlegacy.com/" target="_blank"&gt;African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1720-Present&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/" target="_blank"&gt;University of Central Florida Libraries, Special Collections &amp;amp; University Archives&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.africanamericanlegacy.com/" target="_blank"&gt;African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1720-Present&lt;/a&gt;." African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1720-Present. http://www.africanamericanlegacy.com/.</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://mundyhr.com/" target="_blank"&gt;AAHEC: African American History Education and Culture&lt;/a&gt;." African American History Education and Culture. http://mundyhr.com/.</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://africana.cah.ucf.edu/mundycenter/" target="_blank"&gt;The Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center&lt;/a&gt;." The Carol E. Mundy African American Cultural and Diasporic Research Center. http://africana.cah.ucf.edu/mundycenter/.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Apopka Historical Society. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55471340" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Apopka&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2004.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/74" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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              <text>4-page sheet music</text>
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                <text>"States and Their Capitals" Sheet Music</text>
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                <text>"States and Their Capitals"</text>
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                <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
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                <text> Music--United States</text>
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                <text> Musicians--Southern States</text>
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                <text> Sheet music</text>
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                <text>Sheet music for the song, "States and Their Capitals," with words and music by Mary M. Blunt. The cover features a photograph of Blunt. The song was copyrighted in 1944. According to the cover, Blunt lived at 112 North Terry Street in Orlando, Florida. At the time that the song was composed, the United States only had 48 states and had five territories. The territories were Alaska, Guam, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. American Samoa was also a territory, but lacked an established civilian government. Alaska and Hawaii earned statehood in 1959.</text>
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                <text>Original 4-page sheet music, 1944: &lt;a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/AAL" target="_blank"&gt;African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010&lt;/a&gt;, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/AAL" target="_blank"&gt;African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1794-2010&lt;/a&gt;, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/74" target="_blank"&gt;Carol E. Mundy Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                <text>Digital reproduction of original 4-page sheet music, 1944. &lt;a href="https://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/AAL/id/257" target="_blank"&gt;https://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/AAL/id/257&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Home of Mary M. Blunt, Orlando, Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally composed by Mary M. Blunt.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Mary M. Blunt and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>DeVane, Dwight, Blaine Waide, Peggy A. Bulger, Doris J. Dyen, and David Evans. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/856993560" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Drop on Down in Florida: Field Recordings of African American Traditional Music 1977-1980&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Atlanta, Ga: Dust-to-Digital, 2012.</text>
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                <text>Morris, Alton Chester, and Leonhard Deutsch. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/20853347" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Folksongs of Florida&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1990.</text>
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        <name>Terry Street</name>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                <text>An audio recording of "Stella by Starlight," composed by Victor Young (1900-1956) and performed by the John Whitney Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on January 4, 2000. John Whitney served as director of both orchestral studies and the University of Central Florida Jazz Lab band during his 20 years with the university. Whitney also led the UCF Jazz Lab band in invited performances at Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland and North Sea Jazz Festival in Holland. He established himself as a conductor, performer, composer, arranger, and teacher in both classical and jazz arenas, founding and directing the Southern Tier Symphony in Allegany, New York, in 2003, until his death in 2014. "Stella by Starlight" is a popular jazz standard first featured in the 1944 film, &lt;em&gt;The Uninvited&lt;/em&gt;. It has since been recorded by numerous artists, including Frank Sinatra (1915-1998), Charlie Parker (1920-1955), Nat King Cole (1919-1965), Miles Davis (1926-1991), Larry Coryell (b. 1943), Ella Fitzgerald (1917-1996), and Ray Charles (1930-2004).</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Victor Young, performed by the John Whitney Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                <text>"Stepping" by Nathen Page</text>
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                <text>"Stepping" by Nathen Page</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Stepping," composed and performed by Nathen Page (1937-2003) live on-air on WUCF-FM on June 23, 2000. Page was an American guitarist from West Virginia who moved to Central Florida in 1979, where he remained active until his death in 2003. Page was known for his unorthodox way of playing, including using a thumb pick on his forefinger. He performed with numerous jazz musicians, including Sonny Rollins (b. 1930), Roberta Flack (b. 1937), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Herbie Mann (1930-2003), and Jackie McLean (1931-2006). Page released this on-air recording as a 2000 album, entitled &lt;em&gt;Thinking of You&lt;/em&gt;. The performance included his regular quartet, with Kevin Bales on piano, Leon Anderson on drums, and Jeff Handley on bass.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally composed by Nathen Page, performed by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Nathen Page and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Gettelman, Parry. "&lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano" target="_blank"&gt;Nathen Page, Jazz Maverick&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, January 19, 1992. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano (Accessed March 16, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Jazz Collection</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523472">
                  <text>DeLand, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Strike Up the Band" by Terry Myers</text>
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                <text>"Strike Up the Band" by Myers</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Strike Up the Band," composed by George Gershwin (1898-1937) and Ira Gershwin (1896-1983), and performed by Terry Myers live on-air on WUCF-FM on August 14, 2006. Myers is a reed player from Iowa who developed a successful career in Nashville, Tennessee, and New York before moving to Central Florida, where he became a band leader at Walt Disney World's Epcot theme park and the band leader at Rosie O'Grady's Good Time Jazz Emporium at Church Street Station in Orlando. Myers has played at jazz festivals across the United States, Europe, and Asia, and is currently the director of the Tommy Dorsey Orchestra. Brothers George and Ira Gershwin composed "Strike Up the Band" in 1927 for a musical of the same name. Although the musical was unsuccessful, the song became popular.</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 44-second audio recording: Gershwin, George and Ira Gershwin. "Strike Up the Band," by Terry Myers: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, August 14, 2006.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by George Gershwin and Ira Gershwin, performed by Terry Myers, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html" target="_blank"&gt;Meet Terry Myers&lt;/a&gt;." BuddyMorrowProductions.com. http://www.buddymorrowproductions.com/terry-meyers.html (accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
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The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Tenderly," composed by Walter Gross (1909-1967) with lyrics by Jack Lawrence (1912-2009), and performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini live on-air on WUCF-FM on April 23, 2007. Jeff Rupert (b. 1964) is a freelance tenor saxophonist, Director of Jazz Studies and professor at the University of Central Florida (UCF), founder of Flying Horse Records, composer, and Yamaha performing artist. He has recorded with numerous artists, including Maynard Ferguson (1928-2006), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Mel Tormé (1925-1999), and Benny Carter, whose 1992 album, Harlem Renaissance, Rupert appeared on, won a Grammy award. He has recorded and performed with his own bands as well, including Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini and The Jazz Professors. "Tenderly" is a jazz standard first published and recorded in 1946. Sarah Vaughan's early recording was a hit in 1947, but the best-known version was by Rosemary Clooney in 1952.</text>
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                <text>Original 5-minute and 48-second audio recording: Gross, Walter, and Jack Lawrence. "Tenderly," by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, April 23, 2007.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Walter Gross and Jack Lawrence and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/jeffrupert" target="_blank"&gt;Jeff Rupert&lt;/a&gt;." All About Jazz. http://musicians.allaboutjazz.com/jeffrupert (accessed March 18, 2015).</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/files/original/dd904d974435b166f49f6a24c6eb6eda.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;"Tenderly" by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Chase Collection</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
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                  <text>Select images, correspondence, and other records from the Chase Collection (MS 14) at Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida.  According to the biographical sketch in the collection's finding aid:&#13;
&#13;
"The story of the Chases in Florida began in 1878 when Sydney Octavius Chase (1860-1941), having read about orange groves in Scribner's Magazine, came to Florida from Philadelphia. His brother, Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948), joined him in 1884 and together they formed Chase and Company that year. The Chase brothers came to Florida at the right time for Florida citrus and at the right time for them as investment entrepreneurs. Strong family ties in the North provided them with financial backing for their ventures. Joshua left Florida in 1895 to work in the California citrus industry. He returned to Florida in 1904 and rejoined his brother. Another brother, Randall, remained in Philadelphia and augmented his brothers' finances when convenient. Sydney and Joshua were also important civic leaders who took part in community development, most notably in the City of Sanford. Both were elected to the Sanford city commission. They also supported the development of Rollins College, worked with the Florida Historical Society, and were the benefactors of numerous charities.&#13;
&#13;
Chase and Company began as an insurance company and branched out to storage facilities and fertilizer sales. The latter was the beginning of the company's lucrative agricultural supply division which remained in operation throughout the existence of the company. Although citrus was the primary interest, the company also invested in other agricultural pursuits including celery in central Florida, tung oil production in Jefferson County, and winter vegetables and sugar cane in the Lake Okeechobee muck lands. The company was also involved in the peach business in Georgia and North Carolina. The company was incorporated in 1914, with the Chase brothers owning 75 percent of the stock, and reincorporated in 1948. A second generation of Chases began its involvement in the family operations when Sydney O. Chase, Jr. ( b. 1890) became a citrus buyer in 1922. He was later joined by his brother Randall who served as president of Chase and Company from 1948-1965. Outside the Chase Family, Alfred Foster, W. R. Harney, and William "Billy" Leffler figured prominently as company executives and investors. The company dissolved in 1979 when its principal assets were sold to Sunniland for $5.5 million.&#13;
&#13;
The Chases' interest in citrus began when Sydney came to Florida and became associated with General Henry S. Sanford. The Chases would eventually own General Sanford's experimental farm, Belair, and the Chase family home in Sanford was located there. Over the years, the Chases invested in a number of citrus groves and owned others outright. In 1912, they organized the Chase Investment Company as a holding company for their farms. Initially, the company operated the Isleworth, Nocatee, Belair, and Kelly citrus groves as well as celery farms in Sanford. The company was renamed Chase Groves, Inc. in 1951. From time to time, Chase Investment was involved in real estate in Florida and North Carolina. The latter included Fort Caswell, a former military property that was held for a time and then sold. Unquestionably, the jewel in the Chase crown was the Isleworth grove at Windermere. Isleworth's four hundred lake-tempered acres carried the Chases through many difficult times. It proved to be the principal asset at the company's demise when it was sold to golf legend Arnold Palmer in 1984. Chase Groves dissolved that same year, 100 years after the founding of Chase and Company."</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="378407">
                  <text>&lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;, University of Florida</text>
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            <element elementId="86">
              <name>Alternative Title</name>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="449096">
                  <text>Chase Collection</text>
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              <name>Subject</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="449097">
                  <text>Chase and Company (Sanford, Fla.)</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="449098">
                  <text>Chase, Sydney Octavius, 1860-1941</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="449099">
                  <text>Chase, Joshua Coffin, 1858-1948</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="505428">
                  <text>Citrus fruit industry--Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="505429">
                  <text>Golf--Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="505430">
                  <text>Celery industry</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="505431">
                  <text>Sanford (Fla.)</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="505432">
                  <text>Windermere (Fla.)</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="505433">
                  <text>Jacksonville (Fla.)</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="505434">
                  <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
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            <element elementId="104">
              <name>Is Part Of</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505436">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Language</name>
              <description/>
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                <elementText elementTextId="505437">
                  <text>eng</text>
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              <name>Type</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="505438">
                  <text>Collection</text>
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              <name>Coverage</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505439">
                  <text>Sanford, Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="505440">
                  <text>Isleworth Grove, Windermere, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505441">
                  <text>Jacksonville, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505442">
                  <text>Orlando, Florida</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="138">
              <name>Contributing Project</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505443">
                  <text>&lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, University of Florida&lt;/span&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505444">
                  <text>&lt;a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;Digital Collections (UFDC)&lt;/a&gt;, University of Florida</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="133">
              <name>Curator</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505445">
                  <text>Marra, Katherine</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505446">
                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="134">
              <name>Digital Collection</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505447">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="136">
              <name>External Reference</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="505448">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&amp;amp;bID=0&amp;amp;dd_asId=600" target="_blank"&gt;Sydney Chase Sr. (1860-1941)&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Florida Citrus Hall of Fame&lt;/em&gt;. Copyright 2012. http://floridacitrushalloffame.com/index.php/inductees/inductee-name/?ref_cID=89&amp;amp;bID=0&amp;amp;dd_asId=600.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505449">
                  <text>Warner, S.C. "&lt;a href="http://www.fshs.org/Proceedings/Password%20Protected/1923%20Vol.%2036/198-200%20%28WARNER%29.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;Development of Marketing Citrus Fruits in Florida&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Florida State Horticultural Society&lt;/em&gt; vol. 36 (1923): 198-200.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="505450">
                  <text>Hopkins, James T. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1219230" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Fifty Years of Citrus, the Florida Citrus Exchange: 1909-1959&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press: 1960.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510666">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus" target="_blank"&gt;Franklin Chase, 'Towering Figure in Citrus Industry&lt;/a&gt;.'" &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, September 30, 1986. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-09-30/news/0260060057_1_chase-isleworth-golf-florida-citrus.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="124">
              <name>Provenance</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510663">
                  <text>Entire &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt; is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="125">
              <name>Rights Holder</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510664">
                  <text>The displayed collection is housed at &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt; at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="135">
              <name>Source Repository</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510665">
                  <text>University of Florida, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="101">
              <name>Has Part</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="510786">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/90" target="_blank"&gt;Celery Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510787">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/93" target="_blank"&gt;Citrus Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510788">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/91" target="_blank"&gt;Belair Grove Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510789">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/100" target="_blank"&gt;Florida Citrus Exchange Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510790">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/88" target="_blank"&gt;Isleworth Grove Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510791">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/86" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510792">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/94" target="_blank"&gt;Holy Cross Episcopal Church Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
                <elementText elementTextId="510793">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/87" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Country Club and Golf Course Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Document</name>
      <description>A resource containing textual data.  Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412277">
                <text>"The Entrance of the Faith in the Eastern Part of the Peninsula and Some Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery" Manuscript</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="86">
            <name>Alternative Title</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412278">
                <text>"Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery"</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412279">
                <text>Presbyterians--United States</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412280">
                <text> Churches--Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="412281">
                <text> Florida Presbytery (Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.) </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518456">
                <text>Presbyterian Church</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description/>
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              <elementText elementTextId="412282">
                <text>An original manuscript titled "The Entrance of the Faith in the Eastern Part of the Peninsula and Some Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery," written by J. N. Whitner. The first Presbyterians in Florida migrated from the Carolinas and from Scotland beginning in 1820. The St. Johns Presbytery comprised of territory including and surrounding Fort Mellon, Fort Read, and Fort Brooke. In the early 1850s, Francis Lee Galloway, a leading elder of the Presbyterian Church, settled in the Fort Read community after migrating to Florida from Mecklenburg County, North Carolina.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Around 1855, Judge James G. Spear planted orange groves and built his home around Lake Apopka. Called Oakland, Speer's home served as a location for Christians to assemble daily for prayer and for Sunday services conducted by the judge himself. The first group of Presbyterians to arrive in Fort Read after the Seminole War were Dr. Andrew C. Caldwell and his family, who migrated to Florida from Greensboro, North Carolina, in May 1867.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1869, Reverend John W. Montgomery, the Evangelist of Florida Presbytery, organized the Sumter Church in Sumter County. The name of the church was later changed to the Leesburg Presbyterian Church and a building was constructed in 1884. Plans to organize and build a church at Fort Read began in 1869, with Reverend F. F. Montgomery conducting services. Silver Lake Church was officially organized in February 1870 and the church building was completed the following year. St. Johns Presbytery was organized at Silver Lake Church on March 9, 1878. In 1900, after much of the population shifted toward the growing Town of Sanford, the church dissolved.</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412284">
                <text>Original manuscript by J .N. Whitner: "The Entrance of the Faith in the Eastern Part of the Peninsula and Some Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery," February 1870: box 173, folder 9.52, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt; (MS 14), box 173, folder 9.52, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/" target="_blank"&gt;Special and Area Studies Collections&lt;/a&gt;, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.</text>
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          <element elementId="111">
            <name>Requires</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412285">
                <text>&lt;a href='http://www.adobe.com/reader.html' target='_blank'&gt;Adobe Acrobat Reader&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="104">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412286">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/87" target="_blank"&gt;Sanford Country Club and Golf Course Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518457">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/23" target="_blank"&gt;Chase Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="105">
            <name>Is Referenced By</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412287">
                <text>Folder referenced in Chase Collection finding guide, &lt;a href="http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm" target="_blank"&gt;http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="103">
            <name>Is Format Of</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412288">
                <text>Digital reproduction of original manuscript by J .N. Whitner: "The Entrance of the Faith in the Eastern Part of the Peninsula and Some Early Presbyterian Plantings in the Region of Saint Johns Presbytery," February 1870.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="412292">
                <text>Euchee Valley, DeFuniak Spring, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518458">
                <text>Fort Mellon, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518459">
                <text>Oakland, Florida</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518460">
                <text>Mellonville, Florida</text>
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                <text>THE ENTRANCE OF THE FAITH &#13;
IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE PENINSULA&#13;
AND SOME EARLY PRESBYTERIAN PLANTINGS IN THE REGION OF SAINT JOHNS PRESBYTERY&#13;
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ &#13;
&#13;
AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATED TO THE FAMILY OF THE REV. WILLIAM B. TELFORD BY MRS. J. N. WHITNER&#13;
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _&#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "The Gentle Rain," composed by Luiz Bonfá (1922-2001) and performed by the John Whitney Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on January 4, 2000. John Whitney served as director of both orchestral studies and the University of Central Florida Jazz Lab band during his 20 years with the university. Whitney also led the UCF Jazz Lab band in invited performances at Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland and North Sea Jazz Festival in Holland. He established himself as a conductor, performer, composer, arranger, and teacher in both classical and jazz arenas, founding and directing the Southern Tier Symphony in Allegany, New York, in 2003, until his death in 2014.</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Luiz Bonfá performed by the John Whitney Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947. At the time, roadside attractions were becoming popular stops along Florida roadways. The attraction consisted of an amalgamation of vendors, an orchid garden, a river boat tour, as well as the star attraction: a mermaid show that took place in an underwater theater. Eventually, the May Museum of the Tropics, an "abandoned Seminole village", a show called “Birds of Prey”, and a petting zoo were added. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/63" target="_blank"&gt;Hernando County Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html" target="_blank"&gt;History of Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;." Weeki Wachee Springs State Park. http://weekiwachee.com/about-us/history-of-weeki-wachee-springs.html.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Pelland, Maryan, and Dan Pelland. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67516850" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Charleston, SC: Arcadia, 2005.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;span&gt;Vickers, Lu, and Bonnie Georgiadis. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/780478262" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Weeki Wachee Mermaids: Thirty Years of Underwater Photography&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>"The Human Fish" </text>
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                <text>Weeki Wachee Springs (Fla.)</text>
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                <text> Tourism--Florida</text>
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                <text> Mermaids--Florida</text>
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                <text> Underwater photography</text>
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                <text> Perry, Newton, 1908-1987</text>
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                <text>Newspaper article entitled "The Human Fish" about Newton "Newt" Perry published in &lt;em&gt;Grit&lt;/em&gt;, on April 19, 1964. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Newton "Newt" Perry was born in Valdosta, Georgia in 1908, and moved with his family to Ocala, Florida in 1922. He was a member of the swimming and diving teams at the University of Florida. Perry earned the nickname "The Human Fish" for his performances of underwater stunts in advertising clips and film shorts, and acted as a swim double for actors in movies and TV shows, including Johnny Weissmuller as "Tarzan." Perry also advised filmmakers filming underwater scenes at Silver Springs, Wakulla Springs, and Weeki Wachee Springs, and developed a system for breathing underwater using an air compressor and hose, which was used in the 1948 film "Mr. Peabody and the Mermaid" and during Weeki Wachee Springs' mermaid shows. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perry worked as a lifeguard, public school principal, coach, swimming and scuba diving instructor, and Ocala city pool manager. He opened Perry's Swim School in 1955, and taught more than 120,000 individuals to swim during his career. Perry was inducted into the Florida Sports Hall of Fame in 1981. Perry's daughter Delee Perry took over Perry's Swim School following her father's death in 1987, and it was still in operation as of 2020. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947, and used his experiences working at Silver Springs and Wakulla Springs to develop the original concepts for its underwater theater and mermaid shows. Perry sold his stake in Weeki Wachee Springs in 1950. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history.</text>
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                <text>Original clipping of newspaper article about Newton "Newt" Perry, April 19, 1964: Personal Collection of Delee Perry.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/collections/show/63" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Weeki Wachee Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES.</text>
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                <text>Digital reproduction of original clipping of newspaper article about Newton "Newt" Perry, April 19, 1964.</text>
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                <text>Weeki Wachee Springs State Park, Weeki Wachee, Florida</text>
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                <text> Ocala, Florida </text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699032">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;Grit&lt;/em&gt; newspaper</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>1964-04-19</text>
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                <text>1964-04-19</text>
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                <text>1964-04-19</text>
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                <text>13.1 MB</text>
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                <text> 13.6 MB</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699040">
                <text> 10.1 MB</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699041">
                <text> 2.66 MB</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>History Teacher</text>
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                <text> Humanities Teacher</text>
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                <text> Theater Teacher</text>
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                <text>Originally created by &lt;em&gt;Grit&lt;/em&gt; newspaper, owned by Delee Perry, and published by &lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by &lt;em&gt;Grit&lt;/em&gt; newspaper and is provided here by &lt;a href="https://riches.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Florida Humanities Council Community Grant Program and Friends of Weeki Wachee Springs State Park</text>
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                <text> Rebecca Schwandt's Thesis Project</text>
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            <name>Curator</name>
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                <text>Kephart, Anna</text>
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            <name>Digital Collection</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699052">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Personal Collection of Delee Perry</text>
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          <element elementId="136">
            <name>External Reference</name>
            <description/>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699054">
                <text>Florida Department of State. Division of Historical Resources. "&lt;a href="https://dos.myflorida.com/historical/preservation/national-register/national-preservation-month-2020/weeki-wachee-springs/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;." https://dos.myflorida.com/historical/preservation/national-register/national-preservation-month-2020/weeki-wachee-springs/. Accessed May 15, 2020.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699055">
                <text>Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Florida State Parks. "&lt;a href="https://www.floridastateparks.org/learn/history-weeki-wachee" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;History of Weeki Wachee&lt;/a&gt;." https://www.floridastateparks.org/learn/history-weeki-wachee. Accessed May 15, 2020.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="699056">
                <text>Rizzo, Marian. "&lt;a href="https://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130814/News/604145183/OS" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;'Human Fish' Had a Life Filled With Aquatic Exploits&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Ocala Star Banner&lt;/em&gt;. August 14, 2013. https://www.ocala.com/article/LK/20130814/News/604145183/OS. Accessed May 15, 2020.</text>
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                <text>Schwandt, Rebecca. "&lt;a href="https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/6189" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Revisiting Roadside Attractions: A 'Deep Dive' into Florida's Weeki Wachee Springs&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 (6189), 2018. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/6189.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="699058">
                <text>Turtle, Howard. "Kansas Citians Stage Shows in Deep Water in Florida." &lt;em&gt;Kansas City Star&lt;/em&gt;. March 7, 1948.</text>
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        <name>Florida tourism</name>
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      <tag tagId="56608">
        <name>Grit</name>
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      <tag tagId="16899">
        <name>mermaids</name>
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        <name>natural springs</name>
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      <tag tagId="56435">
        <name>Newton "Newt" Perry</name>
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      <tag tagId="12246">
        <name>parks</name>
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      <tag tagId="38629">
        <name>Rebecca Schwandt</name>
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      <tag tagId="54550">
        <name>roadside attractions</name>
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      <tag tagId="54551">
        <name>roadside tourism</name>
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      <tag tagId="22171">
        <name>swimming</name>
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      <tag tagId="56609">
        <name>The Human Fish</name>
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      <tag tagId="38994">
        <name>tourist attractions</name>
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      <tag tagId="56439">
        <name>underwater filmmaking</name>
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      <tag tagId="56437">
        <name>underwater photography</name>
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        <name>Weeki Wachee Springs State Park</name>
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                  <text>Jazz Collection</text>
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                  <text>Jazz Collection</text>
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              <name>Subject</name>
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                  <text>Music--United States</text>
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                  <text>Jazz--United States</text>
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                  <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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              <name>Contributor</name>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523472">
                  <text>DeLand, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Young Musicians Camp, University of Miami, Miami, Florida</text>
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              <name>Curator</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="523474">
                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="523475">
                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>External Reference</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="523477">
                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"The Jitterbug Waltz" by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini</text>
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          <element elementId="86">
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                <text>"The Jitterbug Waltz" by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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                <text> Jazz--United States</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "The Jitterbug Waltz," composed by Fats Waller (1904-1943), and performed by Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini live on-air on WUCF-FM on April 23, 2007. Jeff Rupert (b. 1964) is a freelance tenor saxophonist, Director of Jazz Studies and professor at the University of Central Florida (UCF), founder of Flying Horse Records, composer, and Yamaha performing artist. He has recorded with numerous artists, including Maynard Ferguson (1928-2006), Sam Rivers (1923-2011), Mel Tormé (1925-1999), and Benny Carter, whose 1992 album, Harlem Renaissance, Rupert appeared on, won a Grammy award. He has recorded and performed with his own bands as well, including Jeff Rupert + Dirty Martini and The Jazz Professors. "The Jitterbug Waltz" is a jazz standard composed and recorded by Waller in 1942. It was one of the first jazz records that used a Hammond organ.</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"The Second Time Around" by the John Whitney Trio</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "The Second Time Around," composed by Jimmy Van Heusen (1913-1990) and Sammy Cahn (1913-1993), and performed by the John Whitney Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on January 4, 2000. John Whitney served as director of both orchestral studies and the University of Central Florida Jazz Lab band during his 20 years with the university. Whitney also led the UCF Jazz Lab band in invited performances at Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland and North Sea Jazz Festival in Holland. He established himself as a conductor, performer, composer, arranger, and teacher in both classical and jazz arenas, founding and directing the Southern Tier Symphony in Allegany, New York, in 2003, until his death in 2014. "The Second Time Around" was first recorded by Bing Crosby (1903-1977) and Henry Mancini (1924-1994), and featured in the 1960 film, &lt;em&gt;High Time&lt;/em&gt;, where it was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song. The song is associated with Frank Sinatra (1915-1998), who recorded several versions.</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 38-second audio recording: Van Heusen, Jimmy, and Sammy Cahn. "The Second Time Around," by the John Whitney Trio: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, January 4, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/about.php" target="_blank"&gt;John Whitney - Music Director&lt;/a&gt;." Southern Tier Symphony. http://www.southerntiersymphony.org/John_Whitney_Biography.htm (accessed March 17, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Thinking of You" by Nathen Page</text>
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                <text>Original 4-minute and 57-second audio recording: Page, Nathen. "Thinking of You," by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, June 23, 2000.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally composed by Nathen Page, performed by Nathen Page, Kevin Bales, Leon Anderson, and Jeff Handley, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Nathen Page and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>Gettelman, Parry. "&lt;a href="http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano" target="_blank"&gt;Nathen Page, Jazz Maverick&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The Orlando Sentinel&lt;/em&gt;, January 19, 1992. http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/9201170610_1_nathen-page-jazz-left-the-piano (Accessed March 16, 2015).</text>
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&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                  <text>The Oviedo Historical Society Collection encompasses historical artifacts donated for digitization at the Oviedo Historical Society's History Harvest in the Spring semester of 2015.&#13;
&#13;
The Oviedo Historical Society was organized in November 1973 by a group of citizens. The society is a 501(3) non-profit organization. Its purpose is to help preserve the community identity of Oviedo by collecting and disseminating knowledge about local history, serve as a repository for documents and artifacts relating to Oviedo history, promote the preservation and marking of historic sites and buildings in the Oviedo area and foster interest in local, state, national, and world history.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/128" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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              <name>Language</name>
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                  <text>eng</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://history.cah.ucf.edu/staff.php?id=304" target="_blank"&gt;Dr. Connie L. Lester&lt;/a&gt;'s Introduction to Public History course, Spring 2015</text>
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            <element elementId="134">
              <name>Digital Collection</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="525090">
                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>External Reference</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="525091">
                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;." Oviedo Historical Society, Inc. http://oviedohs.com/.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="525092">
                  <text>Adicks, Richard, and Donna M. Neely. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5890131" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Oviedo, Biography of a Town&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. S.l: s.n.], 1979.</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="525093">
                  <text>Robison, Jim. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Around Oviedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 2012.</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68" target="_blank"&gt;History&lt;/a&gt;." City of Oviedo, Florida. http://www.cityofoviedo.net/node/68.</text>
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                  <text>"&lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 41: Oviedo, with Dr. Richard Adicks&lt;/a&gt;." RICHES of Central Florida. http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/audio/Ep41-Oviedo.mp3.</text>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
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              <text>1 ticket</text>
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                <text>"This Joint is Jumpin'!: Dancin' Through the Decades" Ticket</text>
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                <text>Oviedo High Chorus Ticket</text>
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                <text> Choruses--United States</text>
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                <text> Music--Florida</text>
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                <text>A ticket for the Oviedo High School Choral Department's presentation of "This Joint is Jumpin'!: Dancin' Through the Decades," held in the Paul J. Hagerty High School auditorium on November 8, 2007. Oviedo High School is a Seminole County Public School located in Oviedo, Florida. Originally called the Oviedo School, the institution was first established in 1922 as a K-12 school. In 1948, the secondary grades separated from the elementary school. The upper grade levels formed Oviedo High School and moved to the campus at 601 King Street. Oviedo High School is notable for The Lion's Tale, the award-winning school newspaper recognized by various national and state scholastic press associations of its high ratings from the Governor's A+ Plan for Education of and its successful athletics tickets.</text>
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                <text>Original ticket, 2007: Private Collection of Sarah Thorncroft.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/147" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                <text>Digital reproduction of original ticket, 2007.</text>
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                <text> Paul J. Hagerty High School, Oviedo, Florida</text>
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                <text>ca. 2007-11-08</text>
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          <element elementId="112">
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                <text>eng</text>
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          <element elementId="122">
            <name>Mediator</name>
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                <text>History Teacher</text>
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            <name>Rights Holder</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="577636">
                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Sarah Thorncroft and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://oviedohs.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Oviedo Historical Society&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <element elementId="133">
            <name>Curator</name>
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                <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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          <element elementId="134">
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            <description/>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="577640">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>External Reference</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="577642">
                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.oviedo.scps.k12.fl.us/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Oviedo High School&lt;/a&gt;." Oviedo High School, Seminole County Public Schools. http://www.oviedo.scps.k12.fl.us/.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="577643">
                <text>"&lt;a href="http://www.ohsr.net/about-oviedo-high-school" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;About Oviedo High School&lt;/a&gt;." Oviedo High School Reunions. http://www.ohsr.net/about-oviedo-high-school.</text>
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                <text>Robison, Jim. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796757419" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Around Oviedo&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. 2012.</text>
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        <name>This Joint is Jumpin'!: Dancin' Through the Decades</name>
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                  <text>Jazz--United States</text>
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                  <text>Orlando (Fla.)</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cepero, Laura</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Torch"  by the Sam Rivers Trio</text>
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                <text>"Torch" by Sam Rivers Trio</text>
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                <text> Jazz--United States</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Torch," composed by Sam Rivers (1923-2011) and performed by the Sam Rivers Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 11, 2001. Rivers was a jazz multi-instrumentalist and composer from Oklahoma, who helped popularize free jazz and avant-garde jazz. Rivers was briefly a member of the Miles Davis Quintet before going on to lead his own groups and perform as a sideman with a number of artists. Rivers and his wife, Bea Rivers, opened a public jazz loft known as Studio Rivbea in the 1970s in Lower Manhattan in New York City, New York. The couple moved to Orlando, Florida, in the early 1990s, where Rivers continued to perform with his Orchestra and Trio. This incarnation of the Sam Rivers Trio included the rhythm section from his Rivbea All-Star Orchestra: bassist Doug Mathews and drummer Anthony Cole. "Torch" was recorded and released on the 1978 Sam Rivers album, &lt;em&gt;Waves&lt;/em&gt;.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Sam Rivers, performed by the Sam Rivers Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Chinen, Nate. "&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/755624978" target="_blank"&gt;Sam Rivers, Jazz Artist of Loft Scene, Dies at 88&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The New York Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 27, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/28/arts/music/sam-rivers-jazz-musician-dies-at-88.html?_r=0 (Accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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                  <text>Collection of digital images, documents, and other records depicting the history of jazz in Florida. Series descriptions are based on special topics, the majority of which students focused their metadata entries around.&#13;
&#13;
The roots of jazz music began in the fields of the American South, as African-American slaves sang “call-and-response” work songs and “spirituals” to help them get through the brutal hours of forced labor. As Europeans immigrated to American cities in the late 19th century, they brought their musical traditions with them, and soon African-American musicians, such as Ernest Hogan and Scott Joplin, combined these styles with polyrhythmic African music, creating ragtime. New Orleans was an especially diverse cultural melting pot and became a place for musical experimentation by the early 1910s. European music merged with blues, folk, marching band music, and ragtime, creating a new genre called “jazz.”&#13;
&#13;
By the 1920s, the First Great Migration brought millions of African Americans to the urban Northeast and Midwest. Young, white Americans became enamored with jazz and blues music and the genre was soon being played on radio stations, at dancehalls, and in homes across the country. New York City, Kansas City, and Chicago began to establish their own styles of jazz. Big band swing became the most popular style of American music in the 1930s and 1940s.&#13;
&#13;
The most definitive feature of jazz is improvisation. The Great Depression forced many bands to cut down in size, leaving more space for intricate melodies and room for exploration. Bebop, which emerged in New York in the early 1940s, was aimed at a listening audience, rather than a dancing one, and became known as “musician’s music.” Bebop paved the way for Afro-Cuban and Latin jazz in the 1950s, when musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, incorporated Latin rhythms by playing with Cuban musicians in New York. The popularity of rock music in the 1960s and 1970s led to jazz-rock fusion, which combined improvisation with rock rhythms and amplified instruments. By the 1980s, smooth jazz emerged, creating a commercial form of the genre that drew criticism from many purists, who felt that the musicians were more concerned with making money than creating art with substance.&#13;
&#13;
Although Florida might not be as closely associated with jazz as cities like New Orleans, Chicago, and New York City, it has made significant contributions nonetheless. Afro-Cuban jazz developed simultaneously in New York City and Havana in the early 1940s, and Florida’s Cuban immigrants had a profound cultural impact on areas like Miami and Tampa. Since its foundation in 1979, the annual Jacksonville Jazz Festival has become one of the most popular jazz festivals in the country, featuring some of the top names in the genre, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Miles Davis, Count Basie, George Benson, and Herbie Hancock. The Clearwater Jazz Holiday began around the same time and has also evolved into a major international jazz festival. In addition to the legendary Sam Rivers, who moved to Orlando in the early 1990s and continued to perform until his death in 2011, Florida has been the home to a number of prominent jazz musicians, including Cedric Wallace, Ira Sullivan, George Tucker, Nathen Page, Alfred “Pee Wee” Ellis, Jackie Davis, Rich Matteson, Jeff Rupert, and the University of Central Florida’s Jazz Professors.&#13;
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                  <text>&lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/140" target="_blank"&gt;Central Florida Music History Collection&lt;/a&gt;, RICHES of Central Florida.</text>
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                  <text>Arturo Sandoval Jazz Club, Deauville Beach Resort, Miami Beach, Florida</text>
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                  <text>Cravero, Geoffrey</text>
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                  <text>Alkyer, Frank. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/319491298" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt; DownBeat--the Great Jazz Interviews: A 75th Anniversary Anthology&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Hal Leonard, 2009.</text>
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                  <text>Gioia, Ted. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36245922" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The History of Jazz&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.</text>
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                  <text>Ward, Geoffrey C., and Ken Burns. &lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42404676" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jazz: A History of America's Music&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.</text>
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                <text>"Twilight"  by the Sam Rivers Trio</text>
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                <text>"Twilight" by Sam Rivers Trio</text>
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                <text>An audio recording of "Twilight," composed by Sam Rivers (1923-2011) and performed by the Sam Rivers Trio live on-air on WUCF-FM on December 11, 2001. Rivers was a jazz multi-instrumentalist and composer from Oklahoma, who helped popularize free jazz and avant-garde jazz. Rivers was briefly a member of the Miles Davis Quintet before going on to lead his own groups and perform as a sideman with a number of artists. Rivers and his wife, Bea Rivers, opened a public jazz loft known as Studio Rivbea in the 1970s in Lower Manhattan in New York City, New York. The couple moved to Orlando, Florida, in the early 1990s, where Rivers continued to perform with his Orchestra and Trio. This incarnation of the Sam Rivers Trio included the rhythm section from his Rivbea All-Star Orchestra: bassist Doug Mathews and drummer Anthony Cole.</text>
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                <text>Original 3-minute and 29-second audio recording: Rivers, Sam. "Twilight," by the Sam Rivers Trio: &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;, Orlando, Florida, December 11, 2001.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/collections/show/141" target="_blank"&gt;Jazz Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida</text>
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                <text>2001-12-11</text>
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                <text>Originally created by Sam Rivers, performed by the Sam Rivers Trio, and published by &lt;a href="http://wucf.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;WUCF-FM&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Copyright to this resource is held by Sam Rivers and is provided here by &lt;a href="http://riches.cah.ucf.edu/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES of Central Florida&lt;/a&gt; for educational purposes only.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/map/" target="_blank"&gt;RICHES MI&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Chinen, Nate. "&lt;a href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/755624978" target="_blank"&gt;Sam Rivers, Jazz Artist of Loft Scene, Dies at 88&lt;/a&gt;." &lt;em&gt;The New York Times&lt;/em&gt;, December 27, 2011. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/28/arts/music/sam-rivers-jazz-musician-dies-at-88.html?_r=0 (Accessed March 10, 2015).</text>
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