A notable resident listed in this record is Samuel Woods (1919-1945).

The Florida-France Soldiers Stories Project seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work.]]> United States Census Bureau]]> United States Census Bureau]]> Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection, RICHES.]]> United States Census Bureau.]]>
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The Orlando Gay Chorus is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit arts and humanitarian organization part of GALA Choruses. Founded on Valentines Day 1990, OGC is not only one of the largest mixed gay choirs in the United States at over 100 members, but they also boast four smaller ensembles that perform annual concerts, cabarets, and a whole host of community events like Come Out With Pride, Orlando Museum of Art’s Festival of Trees, and World Aids Day memorial services. In 2017, the group performed at over 105 events, including 15 performances for the first anniversary of the Pulse Nightclub tragedy. Members come from all walks of life and all sexual and gender orientations, including straight allies. OGC lives by the motto “Singing the World to a Better Place” and strives to use music to change attitudes and build a stronger community. ]]> Orlando Gay Chorus]]> Orlando Gay Chorus]]> Orlando Gay Chorus Collection, LGBTQ+ Collection, RICHES.]]> Orlando Gay Chorus.]]>
A notable crewmember was George Downings Jr. (1925-1946). Downings was born and raised in St. Johns County, Florida. Before joining the military, he lived in Saint Augustine, Florida. On March 4, 1943, Downings enlisted in the United States Naval Reserve in Jacksonville, Florida. Downings served as a Navy Messman, later called a Steward. In his duty, Downings was responsible for feeding and cleaning up after Navy officers. He eventually reached the rank of Steward’s Mate First Class. Downings served on various vessels, including the U.S.S. Harding, the U.S.S. O’Brien, and the U.S.S. Moale. Downings continued to serve in the Navy until December 25, 1945. He passed away on July 5, 1946, at the age of 21. He is buried in Saint Augustine National Cemetery in Section D, Plot 57.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for K-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection]]> ]]>
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A notable resident listed in this record is George Downings Jr. (1925-1946). Downings was born and raised in St. Johns County, Florida. Before joining the military, he lived in Saint Augustine, Florida. On March 4, 1943, Downings enlisted in the United States Naval Reserve in Jacksonville, Florida. Downings served as a Navy Messman, later called a Steward. In his duty, Downings was responsible for feeding and cleaning up after Navy officers. He eventually reached the rank of Steward’s Mate First Class. Downings served on various vessels, including the U.S.S. Harding, the U.S.S. O’Brien, and the U.S.S. Moale. Downings continued to serve in the Navy until December 25, 1945. He passed away on July 5, 1946, at the age of 21. He is buried in Saint Augustine National Cemetery in Section D, Plot 57.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for K-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> United States Census Bureau]]> United States Census Bureau]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection]]> ]]> United States Census Bureau.]]>
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This resource is provided here by RICHES for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to Section 5 of Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code.]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando.]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando.]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando and is provided here by RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> Orlando Sentinel to accept advertisement from African American churches. It was decided that a delegation of members from the Orlando Ministerial Association would meet with the editors of the newspaper to discuss the issue. Next, elections of permanent officers were held. The meeting concluded with a resolution of the Jacksonville bombings being passed called the Declaration of Conscience. The resolution condemned the bombings, saying that the bombers were working against the teachings of Jesus, Moses and Isaiah. The document was written by John C. Fuller, who was Secretary of the Orlando Ministerial Association.]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando.]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando.]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando and is provided here by RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando.]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando Collection]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando.]]> First Unitarian Church of Orlando and is provided here by RICHES for educational purposes only.]]>
Along with a group of investors, Newton Perry opened Weeki Wachee Springs to the public in October of 1947. At the time, roadside attractions were becoming popular stops along Florida roadways. The attraction consisted of an amalgamation of vendors, an orchid garden, a river boat tour, as well as the star attraction: a mermaid show that took place in an underwater theater. Eventually, the May Museum of the Tropics, an "abandoned Seminole village", a show called “Birds of Prey”, and a petting zoo were added. After peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, attendance began to decline as theme parks and highways changed the dynamics of Florida's tourism. The State of Florida took over the attraction as a state park in 2008. Since then, the park has focused on appealing to a modern audience while preserving its history. ]]> Weeki Wachee Springs State Park Weeki Wachee, Florida.]]> Weeki Wachee Springs State Park Weeki Wachee, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> Weeki Wachee Collection, Hernando County Collection, RICHES.]]> RICHES.]]> Weeki Wachee Springs State Park and is provided here by RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> ]]> ]]> ]]>
Clyde Emerson was born on September 22, 1890, in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and his family moved to Florida in the early twentieth century. He worked in the hospitality industry after high school. On February 26, 1918, he was inducted into the United States Army and became a sergeant in the 81st "Wildcat" Division, where he served in the 318th Machine Gun Battalion. He left for Europe on July 31, 1918, and his unit participated in a number of the last major campaigns of World War I, including the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. Emerson survived the war and remained in Europe awaiting demobilization. During this time, he contracted Spanish influenza, which would claim the lives of more soldiers and civilians than the war, and died on January 30, 1919. He was originally buried two days later in Aix-les-Bains, Savoie, France. However, he was later reinterred on December 22, 1922, at the Aisne-Marne American Cemetery in Belleau, France. Grave 8, Plot 11, Block B is his final resting place.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program continues, engaging a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in national cemeteries available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 headstones at four national cemeteries, two in Florida (Florida National Cemetery and St. Augustine National Cemetery) and two in France (American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries at Aisne-Marne and the Meuse-Argonne), where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection]]> ]]>
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Born on October 25, 1917, in Arlington, Georgia, Rogers registered for the draft on October 16, 1940, while living in St. Petersburg, Florida. He enlisted in the United States Army on June 25, 1941, at Camp Blanding, Florida. Rogers served as a Combat Medic in the Pacific Campaigns of World War II. He participated in campaigns of New Georgia, Bougainville, Manila, and Luzon. He awarded the Silver Star for rescuing a comrade while under mortar fire in Lunzon. He also was awarded the Purple Heart for being wounded during these actions. Rogers moved to Miami, Florida, following his discharge from the Army on September 12, 1945. He married Margaret E. Mann a year later, on August 8, 1946. He and Margaret spent the majority of their lives in the Miami area until his death on January 12, 1996. Sellers Rogers is buried at the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection ]]> ]]>
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This resource is provided here by RICHES for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to Section 5 of Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code.]]> handwritten census record by Irene Register, April 11, 1940: Image Number 01030, Digital Folder Number 005449614, Affiliate Film Number 623, Affiliate Publication Number T627, National Archives &]]> , Washington, D.C.]]> Bureau of the Census]]> National Archives &]]> , Washington, D.C.]]> Epinal American Cemetery Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Bureau of the Census.]]>
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    • This resource is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to Section 5 of Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code.]]>         handwritten census record, April 29, 1940: Image Number 00654, Digital Folder Number 005449580, Affiliate Film Number 589, Affiliate Publication Number T627, National Archives &]]> , Washington, D.C.]]> Bureau of the Census]]> National Archives &]]> , Washington, D.C.]]> Epinal American Cemetery Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Bureau of the Census.]]>
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    • This resource is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to Section 5 of Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code.]]>         The Watermark was published on March 5, 1995, and focuses on community issues with the LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) movement. The main topics discussed in this issue include Olympic athlete Greg Louganis (b. 1960), the incarceration of gay Christian activist Mel White, U.S. Supreme Court case Romer v. Evans, the selection of Michael Slaymaker as the new executive director of the Hope and Help Center of Central Florida, an amendment proposal in Alachua County that would prohibit county commissioners from passing ordinances that would protect civil rights based on sexual orientation, the military's violations of its "Don't ask, don't tell" (DADT) policy, gay adoption, and legal and medical issues related to human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). This issue also includes various advertisements, letters to the editor, film reviews, comics, a travel section, a calendar of events, and personal classifieds.

    Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.]]>     The Watermark, Vol. 2, No. 5, March 5, 1995: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> Watermark Media]]> The Watermark, Vol. 2, No. 5, March 5, 1995.]]> The Watermark Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Watermark Media.]]> Watermark Publishing Group and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>     The Other War of 1812: The Patriot War and the American Invasion of Spanish East Florida, published by the University of Georgia Press. He edited the special issue on the first part of the 19th century. In this podcast, Dr. Cusick discusses the authors and articles that appear in this issue.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly]]> Florida Historical Society]]> University of Central Florida, Department of History]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Flash Player]]> Java]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly.]]> Florida Historical Society and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Watermark was published on September 14, 1994, and focused on a wider spectrum of LGBTQ+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Queer/Questioning, and others) topics. Kicking off the news was the cover article covering the "Gayby Boom," which was the push for LGBTQ+ members to have children. Continuing a more family-focused set of articles was an article covering the harassment of gay teens at Apopka High School, a look at the LGBTQ+ community housing market, and a new section of restaurant reviews. This issue also included a larger selection of national news stories, including Oregon’s Anti-Gay initiative, Seattle’s Domestic Partnership Registration, North Carolina’s attempt to keep records of unmarried couples, and the U.S. Navy’s reinstatement of a gay sailor are among the highlights. Notably missing are articles covering the nightlife of the area, through advertisements are still present. As the publication ages and spreads, nightlife becomes one of its primary sections so seeing an early issue without demonstrates the evolving nature of the publication during its early years.

    Since 1994, The Watermark has been the cornerstone source of LGBTQ+ centered news for the Central Florida region. Founded by Tom Dyer in Orlando, the publication began generating bi-weekly issues beginning August 31, 1994. Since then, The Watermark has consistently published newspaper-style issues every other Thursday. Gaining traction, the publication expanded in 1995 to include Tampa and, in 1997, The Watermark became a permanent piece of LGBTQ+ culture when the publication initiated the first large-scale Gay Days Weekend event, the Beach Ball at Disney’s Typhoon Lagoon. Before 1999, the publication printed 20,000 copies every week, distributing them to over 500 locations between its two major cities. Following 1999, the publication launched watermarkonline.com shifting to an online publication style. In 2016, Rick Claggett purchased The Watermark.]]>     The Watermark, Vol. 1, No. 2, September 14, 1994: Publications Collection, GLBT History Museum of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> Watermark Media]]> The Watermark, Vol. 1, No. 2, September 14, 1994.]]> The Watermark Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Watermark Media.]]> Watermark Publishing Group and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
    Trafford was a company agent for the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC) from 1882 to 1886. He served as the company’s local representative, managing the company office in Sanford, Florida. He was selected by the board of the FLCC, despite resistance from the President and Chairman of the Board, Henry Shelton Sanford. Unlike his predecessor, James Ingraham, Trafford provided Henry Sanford with little confidential, first-hand information about events in Florida. As a result, Sanford regularly advocated for Trafford’s replacement. However, the company’s other board members, distrustful of Henry Sanford’s business acumen, retained Trafford precisely because his first loyalties remained with the company in London and not Henry Sanford. His tenure as FLCC agent is reflective of the often tense relationship between Henry Sanford and his fellow board members as well as the increasingly limited influence Sanford had in company affairs. The FLCC was a joint-stock venture that invested in Florida land development and sales in the 1880s and early 1890s. The company was formed by Henry Shelton Sanford with help from a group of British investors. Located at 13 Austin Friars in London, the company was officially registered in London on June 10, 1880. With the formation of the FLCC, all of Henry Sanford's Florida properties were transferred to the company in exchange for a ₤10,000 cash payment and another ₤50,000 in company stock. Sanford was named President and Chairman of the Board. In 1880, the company owned 26,000 acres scattered across Florida, including in the cities of Jacksonville, St. Augustine, and Sanford, as well as in Alachua and Marion counties. Almost from the outset, there was serious friction between the British board members and Henry Sanford. Disagreements erupted over business strategy, as Sanford frequently proposed initiatives deemed too bold for the cautious British investors. As a result of consistently meager profits from its inception, following Henry Sanford's death in 1891 many of the investors lost the motivation to continue. On September 15, 1892, the various directors acted to dissolve the company. Its assets, including roughly 65,000 acres of Florida land, were divided among shareholders.]]>     Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Florida Land Colonization Company Collection, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Letter from E. R. Trafford to Henry Shelton Sanford (April 24, 1884)." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka/items/show/7697.]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>     Map of Florida Showing the Land Grant of the Florida South Railway. Map. Buffalo, NY: Art-Printing Works, 1888: Maitland Public Library, Maitland, Florida.]]> Map of Florida Showing the Land Grant of the Florida South Railway. Map. Buffalo, NY: Art-Printing Works, 1888.]]> General Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Maitland Public Library and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Lake Maitland Advertiser, judging from the partial front page and one article in which the paper is referred to as "The Advertiser.". However, there is no existing evidence of a newspaper called The Lake Maitland Advertiser ever being published. In fact, there is no evidence of a local newspaper existing in Maitland other than The Maitland Courier in the 1800s. However, from the partial front page, it is evident that the name of the paper does begin with "Lake Maitland," and from the articles and advertisements it is clearly a Maitland newspaper. Some topics discussed in this issue include baby smokers, street searches, winter-blooming roses, speaking dolls, Jennings' Business College, news and notes for women, fruit culture in South Florida, Japanese dining sets, Roman togas, and the spoiling of watches.]]> The Lake Maitland Advertiser, Vol. 1, No. 1, January 1890: Maitland Public Library, Maitland, Florida.]]> The Lake Maitland Advertiser]]> The Lake Maitland Advertiser, Vol. 1, No. 1, January 1890.]]> Maitland Public Library Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Maitland Public Library and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Winter Park Herald issue published on June 10, 1926. The Winter Park Herald was a weekly publication that was published between 1922 and 1959. This special section highlights the history and interesting features of Maitland, Florida. Some topics discussed in this issue include the opening of the Bank of Maitland, the Maitland Electric Shop, civil engineer L. L. Condert, the Maitland Plumbing Company, Brown's Store, the history of Maitland, the Inter-City Realty Company's sponsorship of a new subdivision on Lake Catherine, the history of Greenwood Gardens, the Maitland Lumber Company, the planned construction of a new arcade, the White Way Motor Company, and the Maitland Realty Company.]]> The Winter Park Herald, Vol. 4, No. 28, June 10, 1926: Maitland Public Library, Maitland, Florida.]]> The Winter Park Herald]]> The Winter Park Herald, Vol. 4, No. 28, June 10, 1926.]]> Maitland Public Library Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> The Winter Park Herald.]]> Maitland Public Library and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Florida Agriculturist issue published on November 9, 1887. The Florida Agriculturist began publication in 1878 with Christopher O. Codrington as its first editor. Codrington, who was from Jamaica, was an importer of exotic plants. The newspaper was published weekly through 1907, but changed to a monthly paper in 1908. The paper changed hands from Codrington to E. O. Painter by 1887. Painter had so much success with the paper that he was able to create a printing company: E. O. Painter Printing Company. The paper was directed towards the farmers and fruit and vegetable growers of Florida. The Florida Agriculturist discussed different places in Florida, especially DeLand and Jacksonville, that were the best to plant, and which fruits and plants were in season. The paper also offered railroad schedules. In the late 1800s, with a large influx of Chinese immigrants, the newspaper recommended these immigrants as farm laborers, for the purpose of replacing African-American laborers. In 1907, Painter sold the newspaper and it relocated to Jacksonville where it would last another four years eventually ending publication in 1911. Some of the topics discussed in this issue include an industrial cooperation, artificial fertilizers, the Florida Shippers Union, Roger LaRoque, the Haymarket Affair, packing for the poultry industry, the fate of anarchists for the Haymarket Affair, the role of women in the home, malaria and various other medical ailments, the use of cottonseed as fertilizer, broadcast harrowing,new city ordinanaces for DeLand, and the Seventh Judicial Circuit Court of Florida.]]> The Florida Agriculturist, Vol. 10, No. 27, November 9, 1887: Maitland Public Library, Maitland, Florida.]]> The Florida Agriculturist]]> The Florida Agriculturist, Vol. 10, No. 27, November 9, 1887.]]> DeLand Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> The Florida Agriculturist.]]> Maitland Public Library and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> White Women, Rape, and the Power of Race in Virginia, 1900-1960, published by the University of North Carolina Press. She spoke to us about her article "Bootlegging Aliens: Unsanctioned Immigration and the Underground Economy of Smuggling from Cuba during Prohibition," published in the Summer 2014 issue of The Florida Historical Quarterly.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly]]> Florida Historical Society]]> University of Central Florida, Department of History]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly.]]> Florida Historical Society and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly. This issue addresses Florida during the 16th century, and four more issues will be published over the next four years to re-examine subsequent centuries in Florida history.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly]]> Florida Historical Society]]> University of Central Florida, Department of History]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly.]]> Florida Historical Society and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly Assistant Editor Dr. Daniel S. Murphree’s interview of Professor Claire Strom, Rapetti-Trunzo Professor of History at Rollins College, about her article "Controlling Venereal Disease in Orlando during World War II." Her article is about Orlando's reaction and policies toward venereal disease and women's sexuality during World War II, and it was published in this issue of FHQ.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly]]> Florida Historical Society]]> University of Central Florida, Department of History]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly.]]> Florida Historical Society and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly. This article is about the business class of Jacksonville during the Jim Crow Era. We also interviewed Tina Bucuvalas, who was the 2012 Jillian Prescott Memorial Keynote Speaker at the Florida Historical Society Meeting and Symposium in Tampa.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly]]> Florida Historical Society]]> University of Central Florida, Department of History]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly.]]> Florida Historical Society and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly. This article is titled "The Seminole Controversy Revisited: A New Look At Andrew Jackson's 1818 Florida Campaign."]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly]]> Florida Historical Society]]> University of Central Florida, Department of History]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly, Florida Historical Society, Cocoa, Florida.]]> Florida Historical Quarterly Podcast Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> The Florida Historical Quarterly.]]> Florida Historical Society and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Wilkes-Barre Record announcing the death of five servicemen, the missing reports of two servicemen, and the wounded status of three servicemen during World War II. One notable servicemen cited in the article is Major Jack Cameron Heist (1919-1944). Maj. Heist was born to Henry S. Heist and Christina Heist on November 6, 1919, in Eustis, Florida. He received his commission on May 29, 1941, to serve in World War II. Maj. Heist was an Ammunition Officer for the XIX Corps. He died during his service in an ambush on September 2, 1944, near Thiant, France. He is currently buried at the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial in Dinozé, France. Maj. Heist is one of 85 Florida residents interned at Epinal.]]> 5 Local Servicemen Are Reported Dead." The Wilkes-Barre Record, September 21, 1944, page 8. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4441055/the_wilkesbarre_record/.]]> The Wilkes-Barre Record]]> Epinal American Cemetery Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> The Wilkes-Barre Record.]]> The Wilkes-Barre Record and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> National Archives & Records Administration, Washington, D.C.]]> National Archives & Records Administration]]> Epinal American Cemetery Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> National Archives & Records Administration and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Epinal American Cemetery Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
    The best-known of the Lawton family was Thomas Willingham Lawton (1882-1963). T. W. Lawton graduated from Rollins College in 1903. He later received his master's degree from Andover Newton College in Boston, Massachusetts. Following college, Lawton returned to Oviedo, where he married Charlotte "Lottie" Lee (1887-1984) and served as the principal of the Oviedo School from 1905 to 1907. In 1916, he became the first elected Superintendent of Schools of Seminole County. He held that post until 1952 and passed away 11 years later in 1963. Lawton Elementary School is named in his honor.]]>     The Lawtons of Summer Oaks. Lawton and Allied Families Association, 1984: Private Collection of Betty Jean Aulin Reagan.]]> The Lawtons of Summer Oaks. Lawton and Allied Families Association, 1984.]]> Oviedo Historical Society Collection, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>     The Palm Beach Post announcing the graveside services for Captain Charles Henry Coe (1856-1954). Coe was born in Torrington, Connecticut, on February 3, 1856, to William Henry Coe (1824-1879), who founded the town of Glencoe, and Deborah Little Archer Coe (1824-1912). In 1874, his family migrated to Jacksonville, Florida, due to his father's poor health. At age 18, Coe began working for the Jacksonville Tri-Weekly Union. In 1875, Coe moved to New Smyrna Beach and started his first newspaper, The Florida Star. Coe was appointed Deputy Collector of Customs for the port at New Smyrna in 1879, after his father died. In 1880, Coe moved to Glencoe and began producing photographs. Seven years later, the moved to back to Torrington, where the met and married Emma Sophia Johnson (1846-1931). The following year, Coe moved to Asheville, North Carolina, and then later to Highlands, where the established The Highlands Star. In 1889, the moved to Washington, D.C. to work for the Government Printing Office (GPO).

    Coe published Red Patriots: The Story of the Seminoles (1898), a book about the plight of the Seminole tribe. A copy of Red Patriots was given to every member of Congress, which later passed legislation allowing Seminole land rights in Florida. In 1912, Coe returned to Florida and spent the next 20 years traveling the coast in his cabin cruiser called The Buccaneer. After retiring from the GPO in 1921, Coe spent much of his time exploring Florida's coast as an amateur archaeologist and publishing books, including Juggling a Rope (1927), The Art of Knife Throwing (1931), and Debunking the So-Called Spanish Mission (1941). He died of pneumonia on March 23, 1954.]]>     The Palm Beach Post, March 26, 1954: Private Collection of Andrew M. Foster.]]> The Palm Beach Post]]> The Palm Beach Post, March 26, 1954.]]> Captain Charles Henry Coe Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> The Palm Beach Post.]]> The Palm Beach Post and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>     Chronopoints]]> General Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Museum of Seminole County History, Sanford, Florida.]]> Museum of Seminole County History, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Museum of Seminole County History and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida.]]> Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida.]]> Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection, Daytona Beach Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida.]]> Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Daytona Beach, Florida.]]> Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation Collection, Daytona Beach Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
    This interview was conducted by Chad Eric Joyner on March 15, 2014, three months before Etchison left the Navy. Interview topics include enlistment, boot camp, NTC Orlando, the Grinder, Ethcison's naval career after Orlando, and how the Orlando area has changed over time.]]>     0:01:35 Enlistment
    0:02:42 Boot camp and training at Naval Training Center Orlando (NTC Orlando)
    0:07:50 Taking leave and helping with recruitment
    0:09:06 Relationships with other recruits
    0:11:12 Instructors
    0:12:58 Hardest part of NTC, proudest moment, and memorable story
    0:16:22 USS Blue Jacket and the Grinder
    0:20:53 NTC in comparison to other bases
    0:22:15 Important locations at NTC Orlando
    0:24:04 Graduation
    0:24:54 Naval career after training
    0:29:48 Boarding vessels and contraband searches
    0:31:45 Contacts from the Navy
    0:32:47 Naval values
    0:36:50 How Orlando has changed over time
    0:38:50 NTC€™s legacy and the Lone Sailor Memorial Project
    0:42:20 Closing remarks]]>     Ethcison, Chad. Interviewed by Chad Eric Joyner, March 15, 2014. Audio record available. Item DP0014895, UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> Veterans History Projects, Library of Congress.]]> Ethcison, Chad. Interviewed by Chad Eric Joyner, March 15, 2014. Audio record available. Item DP0014895, UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> UCF Community Veterans History Project, Orlando, Florida.]]> Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Flash Player]]> Java]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]>     Wasp, the USS Coral Sea, the USS Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the USS John F. Kennedy. He achieved the rank of Master Chief Petty Officer and earned a Navy Commendation Medal and a Navy Achievement Medal.

    Pierce's daughter, Trina Cothrin (b. 1958), was born in Jacksonville, Florida, on October 13, 1958. Cothrin enlisted in the Navy in October of 1979 and served until October of 1982, when her son was born. She was then in the U.S. Naval Reserve until 1993, when she joined the U.S. Army. She left the military in 2009, after serving in Operation Enduring Freedom during the War in Afghanistan. Throughout her service, Cothrin was stationed at Naval Air Station Miramar (NAS Miramar) in California, Naval Air Station Jacksonville (NAS Jacksonville), U.S. Central Command (USCENTCOM) in Qatar, and MacDill Air Force Base (MacDill AFB) in Tampa. She ultimately achieved the rank of Chief Yeoman.

    This oral history interview was conducted by Roger Jordan Sims on March 12, 2014. Interview topics include enlistment, boot camp, Naval Training Center Orlando (NTC Orlando), the Vietnam War, Operation Enduring Freedom and the War in Afghanistan, life after leaving the Navy, how Central Florida has changed over time, the legacy of NTC Orlando, and the Lone Sailor Memorial Project.]]>     0:01:48 Background
    0:02:23 Enlistment and boot camp
    0:03:57 Naval Training Center Orlando
    0:07:45 Social life and relationships on base
    0:12:47 Hardest part of NTC Orlando, proudest moment, and unforgettable memories
    0:15:16 USS Blue Jacket and the Grinder
    0:20:46 Vietnam War and the War in Afghanistan
    0:23:10 Leaving the Navy and post-naval life
    0:27:23 How Central Florida has changed over time
    0:29:36 Legacy of NTC Orlando and the Lone Sailor Memorial Project
    0:32:44 Closing remarks]]>     Pierce, Gordon. Interviewed by Roger Jordan Sims, March 12, 2014. UCF Community Veterans History Project, DP0014915. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> Cothrin, Trina. Interviewed by Roger Jordan Sims. UCF Community Veterans History Project, DP0014914. March 12, 2014. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> Veterans History Projects, Library of Congress.]]> Pierce, Gordon. Interviewed by Roger Jordan Sims, March 12, 2014. UCF Community Veterans History Project, DP0014915. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> Cothrin, Trina. Interviewed by Roger Jordan Sims. UCF Community Veterans History Project, DP0014914. March 12, 2014. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Flash Player Java.]]> Java]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]>
    This interview was conducted by Mark Miller on March 28, 2014. Interview topics include Matthews' background, enlistment, training at RTC Orlando, the USS Blue Jacket, the Base Realignment and Closure Commission (BRAC), Matthews' naval career, NAWCTSD, and the Lone Sailor Memorial Project.]]>     0:01:39 Enlistment
    0:03:05 Attending boot camp at Recruit Training Center Orlando
    0:05:53 First impressions of and days at Naval Training Center Orlando
    0:08:13 Recruits, instructors, and military leave
    0:14:37 Primary responsibilities at RTC Orlando
    0:16:24 USS Blue Jacket
    0:18:32 Memories and proudest moment
    0:20:40 The Grinder, marching, and physical fitness
    0:24:30 Selecting a boot camp
    0:26:34 Military leave and the Orlando area
    0:28:02 Base Realignment and Closure Commission
    0:32:56 Career in the Navy and the Naval Reserves
    0:37:01 Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division
    0:43:55 Lone Sailor Memorial Project]]>     Matthews, Robert. Interviewed by Mark Miller, March 28, 2014. Audio/video record available. Item DP0014900, UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> Veterans History Projects, Library of Congress.]]> Matthews, Robert. Interviewed by Mark Miller, March 28, 2014. Audio/video record available. Item DP0014900, UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> UCF Community Veterans History Project, Orlando, Florida.]]> Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Flash Player]]> Java]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]>
    Special thanks for Heritage Marker #3 was given to Patricia Ann Black (1956-), the daughter of Pilgrim Black (1905-2002) and Lula Mae Haynes Black (1917-2007). Her father, Pilgrim, was featured on the marker. Pilgrim was born in 1905, although some records list 1907 as his birth year. Pilgrim and Lula Mae Haynes (1917-2007) Black were migrant crew leaders, and thus migrated to Wayne County in Upstate New York in the summers and back to their home in Sanford for the rest of the year. Pilgrim was the son of Harry Black (d. 1911) and Maggie Benjamin Black (ca. 1870-ca. 1934), who migrated to Sanford from South Carolina in the 1800s. Harry and Maggie had several children: Leckward Black, Mustar Black, Malachi Black, Leatha Black Walker (1889-1976), Pilgrim Black, Margaret Black Jones (1889-1976), and Harriett Black Lawson. In 1911, Harry owned a grocery store at 206 South Sanford Avenue. One day, he came home from work with pneumonia and passed away shortly thereafter. Pilgrim was nine years old when his father passed away. Maggie was the daughter of former slaves, Isaac and Roseanna Benjamin, and the sister of Nathan Benjamin, Pledge Benjamin, Sam Benjamin, Loui Benjamin, Chainey Benjamin, Lara Benjamin, Melvina Benjamin, and Katie Benjamin. 

    Pilgrim had to quit school at age 11 in order to provide for his mother, originally working in a mill house until he was 18 years old. After declining a management position, he traveled to Wayne County to pick cherries, apples, pears, and other crops. He broke a bone after falling from an apple tree his first year and decided to try farm labor on a potato farm in Red Creek, New York, instead. Don Holdridge, the farmer who owned the land, noted Pilgrim's high rate of productivity and offered him a management position supervising up to thirty workers at once, which he accepted. While in Sanford, Pilgrim also worked as a foreman in Sanford for Chase & Company for over 30 years. He married Lula in 1937 and they had several children together, including Vivian Louise Black (1940-); Lula Yvonne Black (1942-); Charles Samuel Black (1945-); Pilgrim Black, Jr. (ca. 1947-), and Patricia Ann Black.]]>     Department of Recreation, City of Sanford, Sanford, Florida.]]> Department of Recreation, City of Sanford]]> Patricia Black Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Department of Recreation of the City of Sanford.]]> Department of Recreation of the City of Sanford and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
    Episode 32 features a discussion of New Deal-era tapestries displayed at the New Smyrna Museum of History in New Smyrna Beach, Florida. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Susan Ware, author Nick Taylor, and Dr. Nick Wynne of the Florida Historical Society.]]>     A History of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> New Smyrna Museum of History]]> Library of Congress]]> Florida Memory Project]]> A History of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> A History of Central Florida Collection, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Flash Player]]> Java]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES]]>
    Episode 20 features a discussion of the railroad bells housed at the Halifax Historical Museum and the Central Florida Railroad Museum. This podcast also includes an interview with Dr. Mark Howard Long of the University of Central Florida.]]>     A History of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> Halifax Historical Museum]]> Central Florida Railroad Museum]]> Florida Memory Project]]> Archive.org]]> freesound.org]]> A History of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> A History of Central Florida Collection, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Flash Player]]> Java]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES]]>
    Episode 17 features a discussion of a travel dining on steamships in Central Florida. This podcast also includes interviews with Dr. Mark Howard Long of the University of Central Florida, Dr. Tracy J. Revels of Wofford College, and Philip Cross of the National Railway Historical Society.]]>     A History of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> Museum of Seminole County History]]> Central Florida Railroad Museum]]> Library of Congress]]> Florida Memory Project]]> A History of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> A History of Central Florida Collection, RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, New Podcast Preview: A History of Central Florida." RICHES. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2504.]]> Adobe Flash Player]]> Java]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES]]>     Museum of Seminole County History in Sanford, Florida.]]> 0:00:38 Education and childhood
    0:02:00 Founding of Casselberry
    0:04:28 How Leonard and Jane met
    0:04:37 Working with ferns
    0:13:04 Shipping ferns
    0:15:59 Fern industry during the war
    0:18:41 Leonard's father
    0:19:48 How the city has progressed over time
    0:21:50 Leonard's father and azaleas
    0:24:08 Orange groves, oak trees, and local competition
    0:26:20 After leaving the Navy
    0:36:20 Opinion of Casselberry today
    0:37:29 Leonard's occupations
    0:38:53 Closing remarks]]>     Museum of Seminole County History, Sanford, Florida.]]> Museum of Seminole County History, Sanford, Florida.]]> Casselberry Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Museum of Seminole County History and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>     The South Florida Argus issue for January 8, 1886. This issue includes advertisements for various Central Florida-based businesses, including the Florida Land and Colonization Company (FLCC), the Apopka House, the Music House of Florida, and Ensminger Brothers.

    The South Florida Argus was Republican paper published by Adolphus Edwards and printed in the Old Fort Reed Building on First Street in Sanford, Florida. The Sanford Journal, a Democratic newspaper, had its offices next door in the very same building. There was, of course, some rivalry between the two papers. After some time, Edwards gave up printing The South Florida Argus to become the local postmaster.]]>     The South Florida Argus, January 8, 1886: Microfilm Cabinet, Reel BN06021, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> The South Florida Argus]]> The South Florida Argus, January 8, 1886: Microfilm Cabinet, Reel BN06021, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> The South Florida Argus, January 8, 1886: Microfilm Cabinet, Reel BN06021, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> The South Florida Argus.]]> The South Florida Argus and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
    The present-day Sanford area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca/Joroco natives by the time that Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole tribe. In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settle in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. In 1836, the U.S. Army built a road (present-day Mellonville Avenue) to Camp Monroe during the Second Seminole War. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed Fort Mellon in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon (1794-1837). The town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat of Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869.

    In 1870, a lawyer from Connecticut by the name of Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891) purchased 12,548 acres of open land west of Mellonville. His vision was to make this new land a major port city, both railway and by water. Sitting on Lake Monroe, at the head of the St. Johns River, the city of Sanford earned the nickname of the Gate City of South Florida. Sanford became not only a transportation hub, but a leading citrus industry in Florida, and eventually across the globe. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed Celery City. In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development.]]>     The Sanford Herald, April 26, 1968, Semi-Centennial Edition, page 4: Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> The Sanford Herald]]> The Sanford Herald, April 26, 1968, Semi-Centennial Edition, page 4.: Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> The Sanford Herald, April 26, 1968, Semi-Centennial Edition, page 4.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> The Sanford Herald.]]> The Sanford Herald and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
    DeForest was born in Derby, Connecticut, and knew Henry Shelton Sanford since childhood. In 1870, DeForest came to Florida seeking better health in the warmer climate. He became Sanford's agent and helped carry out the work of establishing Sanford. He managed the contracted workers for Sanford's groves, especially the contracted Swedes that Sanford brought over in 1871. By the 1880s, he had married Anna M. Sperry, also from Derby, and had become an established businessman and grove owner in Sanford. He built his general store in 1887, which was the second oldest brick building in Downtown Sanford. His general store was the building where the historic September 1887 fire stopped. DeForest built other commercial buildings in downtown. His home, known as "The Palms," was located at 105 Aldean Drive and still stands today.]]>     Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Henry L. DeForest Collection, Sanford Collection,, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Sanford Museum and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>     Eatonville Speaker edition for June 22, 1889. Eatonville, Florida, was incorporated as one of the first all-black towns in the country on August 15, 1887. The town was named after Josiah C. Eaton, one of the few white landowners who was willing to sell land to African Americans in order to incorporate the town. Eatonville is also known as the hometown of Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960), noted African-American author of Their Eyes Were Watching God.]]> Eatonville Speaker, June 22, 1889: Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.]]> Eatonville Speaker, June 22, 1889.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Maitland, Florida.]]> Maitland Historical Museum Collection, Maitland Collection, Orange County Collection. RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Eatonville Speaker.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> University of Central Florida Department of History, Orlando, Florida.]]> University of Central Florida Department of History]]> Florida Photographic Collection]]> State Library and Archives of Florida]]> Library of Congress]]> Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture]]> Harry T. &amp]]> The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida.]]> The Long History of the African American Civil Rights Movement in Florida Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> University of Central Florida Department of History and is provided here by RICHES for educational purposes only.]]>
    McClendon attended recruit training at the NTC Orlando in 1976. At that time, the training center was the only naval facility to train both male and female recruits. In this oral history, McClendon describes her experience as a female recruit at NTC Orlando. She also talks about her role as a legalmen in the Navy. McClendon left the Navy in 1995 with the rank of E-7.]]>     University of Central Florida in Orlando, Florida.]]> 0:02:00 Decision to join the navy
    0:07:59 First impressions of basic training
    0:14:10 Family life in the Navy
    0:18:24 Recruit training at NTC Orlando
    0:26:03 Having children in the Navy
    0:27:40 Memories of boot camp
    0:30:10 Assignments following graduation
    0:36:27 Fondest memories of the Navy
    0:48:35 Legacy of NTC Orlando]]>     McClendon, Doris. Interviewed by Andrew Glen Weeks. UCF Community Veterans History Project. April 11, 2014. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries]]> UCF Community Veterans History Project]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> Community Veterans History Project (CVHP), Library of Congress, http://www.loc.gov/vets/.]]> McClendon, Doris. Interviewed by Andrew Glen Weeks. UCF Community Veterans History Project. April 11, 2014. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Flash Player]]> Java]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Iceland]]> Originally created by Andrew Glen Weeks and Doris McClendon, and published by the University of Central Florida Libraries Special Collections and University Archives.

    ]]>     Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, (407) 823-2576. http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/.]]>
    The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).]]>     Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
    The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).]]>     Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
    The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).]]>     Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
    The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).]]>     Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
    The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).]]>     Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
    The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).]]>     Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
    The more successful of the two, Belair Grove, was an experimental grove located three miles southwest of the city named after Sanford. It was part of the Sanford Grant, a 12,547.15-square-acre allotment of land purchased by Henry Sanford in 1870. In Belair, Sanford introduced over 140 varieties of citrus plants. All were tested to determine if Florida citrus growers could effectively grow and introduce new varieties into the burgeoning citrus market. Sanford also grew exotic plants acquired from Central and South America, many of which survived the 1886 freeze. Sanford mainly used Belair as his own experiment station, but ultimately the findings and reports would be used by other citrus growers throughout Florida. Eventually, following Sanford's death in 1891, his wife, Gertrude Ellen Dupuy Sanford (1841-1902), handed over the operations of Belair to Sydney Octacius Chase, Sr. (1860-1941) and Joshua Coffin Chase (1858-1948).]]>     Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>     Salmagundi yearbook for Sanford High School. The yearbook was named after the Native American word meaning "a general mixture." Anna McLaughlin was the editor-in-chief of the Salmagundi for the 1913-1914 school year, which 15 cents. It has 69 pages, 17 of which make up the advertisement section. Topics of interest include student writings, poetry, and art. The societies section features the Irving Literary Society and the Boys Debating Society; the athletics section highlights football and basketball; and the alumni notes give information about graduates of Sanford High School.

    Sanford High School was originally established at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on Sanford Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. In 1984, the building was placed on the National Registry of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. The building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012. In 1927, a high school campus was designed by Elton J. Moughton in the Mediterranean revival style and constructed at 1700 French Avenue. The school reopened on January 10 and was renamed Seminole High School. In 1960, the high school moved to a new campus at 2701 Ridgewood Avenue and the former building on French Avenue was converted to Sanford Junior High School, which was later renamed Sanford Middle School. The old building was demolished in the summer of 1991 and replaced by a $5.77 million school complex. As of 2013, Seminole High School offers various Advanced Placement courses, the Academy for Health Careers, and the International Baccalaureate Programme for students.]]>     Salmagundi: Salmagundi, Vol. VII, No. 1 (Sanford, FL: Literary and Debating Societies, 1916): Sanford High School Collection, box 1, Salmagundi 1914, UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> Salmagundi, Vol. VII, No. 1 (Sanford, FL: Literary and Debating Societies, 1916).]]> Salmagundi 1916, UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole County Public Schools Collection, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Sanford High School.]]> Seminole High School and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>     Seminole County School Board]]> Seminole County School Board: Seminole County Public School System Collection, box 2, folder 1A, UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole County School Board.]]> UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole County Public Schools Collection, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Seminole County School Board.]]> UCF Public History Center and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
    The article also includes two snippets about a 4-H club livestock show in Jacksonville and the watermelon harvest for Levy County in 1952.]]>     Museum of Seminole County History, Sanford, Florida.]]> Museum of Seminole County History, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Museum of Seminole County History and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
    Chase & Company was established in 1884 by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965.]]>     Chase & Company: Packers and Distributors of Florida Fruits and Vegetables Exclusively." The Sanford Chronicle, Industrial Edition, Winter 1910. Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> The Sanford Herald]]> Chase & Company: Packers and Distributors of Florida Fruits and Vegetables Exclusively." The Sanford Chronicle, Industrial Edition, Winter 1910.]]> The Sanford Chronicle, Industrial Edition, Winter 1910. Tag number DP0010405. Central Florida Memory. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/CFM/id/120285.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford,.]]> Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection,RICHES of Central Florida.]]> The Sanford Chronicle, Industrial Edition, Winter 1910, page 43.]]> The Sanford Herald and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
    Michael Gladden, Jr. (1899-1982) was the executor of the estate of George W. Oden (1862-1939), a successful businessman and citrus grower in Apopka, Florida. Gladden was born in South Carolina in 1899. He married Elizabeth Gladden and together they had a son, William, who was born around 1904. According to census records, the Gladden family had moved to Jacksonville as early as 1910 and then moved to Apopka. After Oden's death in 1939, Gladden continued to manage the legal documents of Oden's estate.]]>     African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1720-2010, Special Collections & University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> Carol E. Mundy Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> African American Legacy: The Carol Mundy Collection, 1720-2010 finding guide.]]> Special Collections and University Archives in 2009.]]> http://library.ucf.edu/about/departments/special-collections-university-archives/.]]>
    Chase & Company was established by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase in 1884. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. By 1886, the Chase brothers purchased several citrus groves to expand their business, including Isleworth Grove in Windermere, Florida. Isleworth Grove covered a total of 1,300 acres along the Butler Chain of Lakes. Between 1894 and 1895, Central Florida was hit by several freezes and most of the citrus crop was destroyed. Chase & Company did not grow citrus crops again until 1904 when Joshua came back from an extended stay in California. Between 1894 and 1900, different types of pesticide equipment was created, including equipment driven by steam, machines, and horses.Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965. The Isleworth property stayed in the Chase family until 1984 when Franklin Chase, the son of Sydney Chase, sold the property to famed golfer Arnold Palmer.]]>     Chase Collection (MS 14), Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Chase Collection (MS 14), box 49, folder 20.91, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Isleworth Collection, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm.]]> Originally created by Randall Chase.

    ]]>     Chase Collection is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase, and the children of Randall Chase.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
    Chase & Company was established in 1884 by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965.]]>     Chase Collection (MS 14), Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Chase Collection (MS 14), box 173, folder 2.51, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm.]]> Chase Collection is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
    Chase & Company was established in 1884 by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965.]]>     Chase Collection (MS 14), Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Chase Collection (MS 14), box 173, folder 2.51, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
    Chase & Company was established by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase in 1884. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. By 1886, the Chase brothers purchased several citrus groves to expand their business, including Isleworth Grove in Windermere, Florida. Isleworth Grove covered a total of 1,300 acres along the Butler Chain of Lakes. Between 1894 and 1895, Central Florida was hit by several freezes and most of the citrus crop was destroyed. Chase & Company did not grow citrus crops again until 1904 when Joshua came back from an extended stay in California. Between 1894 and 1900, different types of pesticide equipment was created, including equipment driven by steam, machines, and horses.Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965. The Isleworth property stayed in the Chase family until 1984 when Franklin Chase, the son of Sydney Chase, sold the property to famed golfer Arnold Palmer.

    The Ku Klux Klan was first organized by ex-Confederate soldiers in in Tennessee in 1866, but was disbanded by the first Imperial Wizard Nathan Bedford Forest in 1869 in order to avoid government sanctions. The second Klan was reformed in 1915 by William J. Simmons. Although the KKK deteriorated nationally during the Great Depression, it still flourished in Florida until a $685,000 lien was filed against the national Klan in 1944 for back taxes from the 1920s. In 1948, Dr. Samuel Green of Atlanta revived the KKK in Georgia, which spread to Florida and other states. In 1951, the Florida KKK responded violently to the activities of Harry Tyson Moore's Progressive Voters' League and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) during a period dubbed "The Florida Terror." As of the early 2000s, the Florida KKK remained to be on of the more active Klans in the country.]]>     Chase Collection (MS 14), Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Chase Collection (MS 14), box 173, folder 2.36, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Chase Collection is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
    Episode 50 features an interview with Paul Ortiz, an historian at the University of Florida and author of Emancipation Betrayed: The Hidden History of Black Organizing and White Violence in Florida from Reconstruction to the Bloody Election of 1920, which chronicles the history of African-Americans organizing in Florida after the end of slavery.]]>     RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 49: An Interview with Paul Ortiz, Part 1." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2502.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES]]>
    Episode 46 features an interview with former The Orlando Sentinel journalist Joy Wallace Dickinson about the history of Orlando based on her unique personal experience and professional research and work.]]>     RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 45: An Interview with Joy Wallace Dickinson, Part 1." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2498.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES
    ]]>
    Episode 42 explores the material culture of the Native Americans who lived in the Middle St. Johns River area, near what is now Hontoon Island State Park, through the study of three wooden totems found in the area. Hontoon Island State Park is located between the St. Johns River and the Hontoon Dead River in Volusia County, Florida. Archaeologists date inhabitation of Hontoon Island to 7,000 years ago.]]>     RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]>
    Episode 36 focuses on the preservation efforts of the late 1990s and early 2000s, as well as the establishment of the Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex. Harry Tyson Moore was a pioneer of the Civil Rights Movement in Florida and founder of the first Brevard County branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). He and his wife, Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, were assassinated by a Ku Klux Klan bomb on December 25, 1951. The Moores are the first NAACP members to be murdered for their activism and Harry T. Moore is sometimes called the first martyr of the 1950s-era civil rights movement.]]>     RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 35: Harry T. Moore, Part 1." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2488.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]>
    Episode 35 focuses on the background of Harry Tyson Moore and his wife Harriette Vyda Simms Moore, how Moore became a major civil rights leader, the movement for equality that he led in Central Florida, and the historical framework for the racism and social tensions that plagued Florida during the 1940s and 1950s. Harry Tyson Moore was a pioneer of the Civil Rights Movement in Florida and founder of the first Brevard County branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). He and his wife were assassinated by a Ku Klux Klan bomb on December 25, 1951. The Moores are the first NAACP members to be murdered for their activism and Harry T. Moore is sometimes called the first martyr of the 1950s-era civil rights movement.]]>     RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Episode 36: Harry T. Moore, Part 2." RICHES of Central Florida. https://richesmi.cah.ucf.edu/omeka2/items/show/2489.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]>
    Episode 23 explores the history of the area that is now Hontoon Island State Park, located between the St. Johns River and the Hontoon Dead River in Volusia County, Florida. Archaeologists date inhabitation of Hontoon Island to 7,000 years ago. This podcast includes interviews with two archaeologists and two park rangers about what the archaeology tells us about the society and culture on the island in the last 7,000 years. In 1967, the island was purchased by the state and converted into a state park.]]>     RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]>
    Episode 22 explores Hannibal Square, or the westside of Winter Park, which was populated primarily by African Americans. Winter Park was established in the 1860s around the railroad tracks, which served commerce and travel in order to establish a vacation town for wealthy white visitors. Hannibal Square was officially founded in the 1801 to provide a source for African-American labor to build and serve the vacation destination. While deeply segregated for years, railroad jobs and domestic service positions led to higher levels of education, business and home ownership, and relative prosperity for black residents. This podcast includes interviews with Dr. Julian C. Chambliss and Fairolyn Livingston.]]>     RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]>
    Episode 19 focuses on the home of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune. In this podcast, director of the Mary McLeod Bethune Foundation, Margaret Symonette, discusses the history of the historic home. Bethune was an African-American teacher and civil rights leader best known for establishing the Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School in October 1904. In 1923, the school merged with the Cookman Institute of Jacksonville and then became affiliated with the Methodist Church the following year. The school served as a co-educational high school until 1931, when it became a junior college. In 1941, the school was accredited as a four-year college and was renamed Bethune-Cookman College.]]>     ]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]>
    Episode 9 features an interview with author Seth Bramson and focuses on passenger rail transportation in Volusia County, but also delves into the effects of rail service changes on the region. In addition, this podcast covers attempts to return passenger traffic to Eastern Volusia on the Florida East Coast Railway (FEC). The FEC, a project of Henry Morrison Flagler, was built primarily in the late 19th and early 20th century. From 1963 to 1977, the company and some of its employees were engaged in one of the longest and most violent labor union battles of the 20th century, which had to be resolved with Federal intervention.]]>     Speedway to Sunshine: The Story of the Florida East Coast Railway. The discussion focuses on passenger rail transportation in Volusia County, but also delves into the effects of rail service changes on the region. In addition, it covers attempts to return passenger traffic to Eastern Volusia on the F.E.C.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES Podcast Documentaries Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]>
    The present-day Sanford, Florida, area was originally inhabited by the Mayaca and Joroco tribes by the time Europeans arrived. The tribe was decimated by war and disease by 1760 and was replaced by the Seminole tribe.

    In 1821, the United States acquired Florida from Spain and Americans began to settled in the state. Camp Monroe was established in the mid-1830s to defend the area against Seminoles during the Seminole Wars. Following an attack on February 8, 1837, the camp was renamed Fort Mellon in honor of the battle's only American casualty, Captain Charles Mellon. The Town of Mellonville was founded nearby in 1842 by Daniel Stewart. When Florida became a state three years later, Mellonville became the county seat for Orange County, which was originally a portion of Mosquito County. Citrus was the first cash crop in the area and the first fruit packing plant was constructed in 1869.

    In 1870, Henry Shelton Sanford purchased over 12,000 acres of land west of Mellonville to form the community of Sanford. which he called "The Gateway City to South Florida." Sanford was incorporated in 1877 and absorbed Mellonville in 1883. The Great Fire of 1887 devastated the city, which also suffered from a statewide epidemic of yellow fever the following year. The citrus industry flourished until the Great Freezes of 1894 and 1895, causing planters to begin growing celery in 1896 as an alternative. Celery replaced citrus as the city's cash crop and Sanford was nicknamed "The Celery City." In 1913, Sanford became the county seat of Seminole County, once part of Orange County. Agriculture dominated the region until Walt Disney World opened in October of 1971, effectively shifting the Central Florida economy towards tourism and residential development. In 2003, Sanford began the redevelopment of the waterfront with the RiverWalk Project to revitalize the city's riverfront. ]]>     Orange County Regional History Center, Orlando, Florida.]]> Orange County Regional History Center and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
    Chase & Company was established in 1884 by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century.]]>     Chase Collection (MS 14), box 7, folder 14.11, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Chase Collection (MS 14), box 7, folder 14.11, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Florida Citrus Exchange Collection, Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Chase Collection is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>     St. Luke's Episcopal Church]]> St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Merritt Island, Florida: Florida Historical Society Library, Central Brevard Public Library, Cocoa, Florida.]]> St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Merritt Island, Florida.]]> Florida Historical Society Library, Central Brevard Public Library, Cocoa, Florida.]]> St. Luke's Episcopal Church Collection, Merritt Island Collection, Brevard County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> St. Luke's Episcopal Church.]]> St. Luke's Episcopal Church and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Florida State Turnpike Authority: Fort Lauderdale, Florida: Private Collection of Thomas Cook.]]> Florida State Turnpike Authority]]> Florida State Turnpike Authority: Fort Lauderdale, Florida.]]> Thomas Cook Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Florida State Turnpike Authority.]]> Florida State Turnpike Authority and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Sanford Herald on Harry M. Papworth's re-election to the Sanford State Farmers' Market Advisory Board in 1939. Papworth was a major figure in the success of the farmers market. The Sanford State Farmers' Market, located at 1300 South French Avenue, was founded in 1934 in order to provide a central location in which farmers would sell their produce directly to consumers. The idea for the Sanford State Farmers' Market was devised by Fred Dorner and Gus Schmach, both members of the Seminole Agricultural Club. Sanford Chamber of Commerce president Harry Papworth also contributed to the development of the market. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) authorized construction plans on June 11, 1934. On June 20, 1934, the City of Sanford donated a portion of the Alex V. French properties to the State Marketing Board, which selected the northwest corner of French Avenue and Thirteenth Street. The board approved the installation of telegraph and telephone equipment, as well as a three-pump filling station. The Sanford State Farmer's Market opened on December 18, 1934. By 1939, the Farmers' Market was bringing a total volume of business of $627,065.81. In 1941, business volume reached over $700,000. On April 4, 1957, a fire destroyed the building and caused damages estimated at $2.5 million. Reconstruction began almost immediately and the Farmers' Market was expected to re-open by the fall of 1957. In 1991, plans were created to restore, preserve, and convert the citrus packing house into a museum.]]> The Sanford Herald: State Farmers' Market Collection, Museum of Seminole County History, Sanford, Florida.]]> The Sanford Herald]]> The Sanford Herald.]]> The Sanford Herald.]]> The Sanford Herald.]]> Museum of Seminole County History, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford State Farmers' Market Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> The Sanford Herald.]]> The Sanford Herald and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> A Preliminary Report of Zinc Sulphate as a Corrective for Bronzing of Tung Trees. Other topics discussed in the letter include issues surrounding packaging and shipments in the Florida citrus industry and innovative cooling systems used to ship fruits and vegetables out of Jacksonville.

    Chase & Company was established in 1884 by brothers Sydney Octavius Chase and Joshua Coffin Chase. The company sold insurance and later invested in storage facilities and fertilizer sales. Chase & Company was known mainly for its agricultural interests and maintained a series of citrus groves throughout Central Florida. The company was based out of Sanford and became one of the city's largest employers into the early twentieth century. Randall Chase joined in the family business soon after his brother, Sydney Chase, Jr., did in 1922. Randall became the president of Chase & Company from 1948-1965.]]>     Chase Collection (MS 14), box 3, folder 13.48, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Chase Collection (MS 14), box 3, folder 13.48, Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Citrus Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Chase Collection is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>     Osceola, which was built in 1913 at Jacksonville's Merill Stevens Shipyard for the Clyde Line Steamboat Company. The ship was captained by T.W. Lund and ran between Jacksonville and Sanford (a 140 mile trip) and could carry 60 passengers plus cargo. The ship was unusual in its design, with a recessed stern wheel that was enclosed within the hull of the ship. It was tied to an abandoned wharf and left to rot on the Northbank of Jacksonville in 1928.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm.]]> Chase Collection is comprised of four separate accessions from various donors, including Cecilia Johnson, the granddaughter of Joshua Coffin Chase and the children of Randall Chase.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.]]> Osceola along the St. Johns River near Sanford, Florida in the early 1900s. Osceola was built in 1913 at Jacksonville's Merill Stevens Shipyard for the Clyde Line Steamboat Company. The ship was captained by T.W. Lund and ran between Jacksonville and Sanford (a 140 mile trip) and could carry 60 passengers plus cargo. The ship was unusual in its design, with a recessed stern wheel that was enclosed within the hull of the ship. It was tied to an abandoned wharf and left to rot on the Northbank of Jacksonville in 1928.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.]]> Sanford Collection, Chase Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> http://web.uflib.ufl.edu/spec/pkyonge/chase.htm.]]> Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from Special and Area Studies Collections at the University of Florida to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>