Red Patriots: The Story of the Seminoles (1898). In the letter, Hoover thanks Capt. Coe for his message of confidence and good wishes. Capt. Coe's message was likely regarding the Election of 1928, as it was sent the day after the election on November 7. Hoover ultimately did win the election, becoming President of the United States. Hoover served from 1929 until 1933, and is best known for his insufficient response to the Wall Street Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression.]]> Captain Charles Henry Coe Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District and J.A. Hopkins.]]>

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Sgt. Hancock was born in Thomasville, Georgia, in 1913, but later migrated to Auburndale, Florida. Hancock managed a Great Atlantic &]]> Epinal American Cemetery Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Originally established as Sanford High School, the main building for Sanford Grammar School was constructed at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on the corner of East Ninth Street and South Palmetto Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. After a desperate need for an addition to the school developed, the city granted the school $75,000. The school's lunchroom was opened on October 10, 1921, after months of fundraising efforts hosted by the Woman's Club. In November 23, 1984, the main school building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. However, despite objections from the community, the lunchroom was demolished on September 25, 2008. The main school building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012.]]> UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole County Public Schools Collection, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Student Museum and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Originally established as Sanford High School, the main building for Sanford Grammar School was constructed at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on the corner of East Ninth Street and South Palmetto Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. After a desperate need for an addition to the school developed, the city granted the school $75,000. The school's lunchroom was opened on October 10, 1921, after months of fundraising efforts hosted by the Woman's Club. In November 23, 1984, the main school building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. However, despite objections from the community, the lunchroom was demolished on September 25, 2008. The main school building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012.]]> UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole County Public Schools Collection, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Student Museum and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Originally established as Sanford High School, the main building for Sanford Grammar School was constructed at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on the corner of East Ninth Street and South Palmetto Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. After a desperate need for an addition to the school developed, the city granted the school $75,000. The school's lunchroom was opened on October 10, 1921, after months of fundraising efforts hosted by the Woman's Club. In November 23, 1984, the main school building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. However, despite objections from the community, the lunchroom was demolished on September 25, 2008. The main school building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012.]]> UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole County Public Schools Collection, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Student Museum and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Leesburg Daily Commercial discussing fish kills that occurred in Lake Apopka in June of 1981. The article gives quotes from Harold L. Moody and Mike Wicker of the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission (GFC), who state that further fish kills are very likely to occur. The article states that the current drought conditions in Florida were exacerbating the poor condition of the lake, concentrating the lake's water and promoting the growth of algae. The algae growth causes the lake's oxygen levels to drop, triggering fish die-offs. The Lake Apopka fish kill is estimated to have killed between 30 million and 40 million fish.

Lake Apopka is one of Florida’s largest lakes and was once considered to be one of the world’s best lakes for bass fishing. The lake’s sport fish population began to decline in the 1960s, with major die-offs occurring almost yearly. The lake’s problems are generally considered to be the result of over-nutrification from various sources. Twenty thousand acres of wetlands bordering the lake’s north shore were drained in the 1940s and used for highly fertile “muck farms.” These farms were routinely flooded to protect the fragile soil, and the fertilizer and pesticide-laden water was then discharged back into the lake prior to each growing season. Other sources of pollution include discharge from citrus processing operations, as well as treated wastewater from sewage plants. The nutrient-rich discharge promoted algae growth in the lake, turning the water to a green color, and blocked sunlight from reaching aquatic vegetation, which provided food and habit to the lake’s fish population. The lake’s bottom soil became increasingly “mucky,” also disrupting aquatic vegetation from taking root.

Restoration work on the lake began in the 1960s with attempts by various agencies to remove “trash fish,” such as gizzard shad, from the lake via seining, which would hopefully allow the lake’s sportfish to thrive. The Lake Apopka Restoration Council, an initiative formed under Governor Claude Kirk (1926-2011) in 1967, launched several studies to find methods to improve the lake, though no serious action was taken. Various methods were debated to restore the lake through the 1970s and 1980s, including “drawdown,” which entailed completely draining the lake to allow the mucky bottom to consolidate. Restoration attempts were stalled for lack of funding and research.

The Lake Apopka Restoration Council was reformed in 1985 under Governor Bob Graham (b. 1936), and, in 1987, the Surface Water and Improvement Management Act was passed. Together, these actions allowed comprehensive restoration plans to take shape, such as the Marsh Flow-way, a project by the St John’s Water Management District that uses natural methods to remove nutrients from the lake. The Friends of Lake Apopka, a citizen environmental advocacy group, began to push for further restoration efforts in the 1990s. The lake’s north shore muck farms were eventually purchased by the State of Florida, helping to reduce the amount of nutrient entering the lake.]]> The Leesburg Daily Commercial, July 22, 1981: binder 1981, Friends of Lake Apopka Archives, Ginn Museum, Oakland Nature Preserve, Oakland, Florida.]]> The Leesburg Daily Commercial]]> The Leesburg Daily Commercial, July 22, 1981.]]> Oakland Nature Preserve, Oakland, Florida.]]> Friends of Lake Apopka Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> The Leesburg Daily Commercial.]]> The Leesburg Daily Commercial and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
The Vanderpool family was also heavily involved in civic affairs, which included the establishment of the town of Eatonville by Vanderpool and Josiah C. Eaton. The Vanderpools were paricipants in the creation of the Florida Audubon Society and the organization of the Maitland Public Library. Harriet Vanderpool, along with Bishop Henry C. Whipple, founded the Episcopal Church of the Good Shepherd, and, in 1927, she wrote the "Maitland Song," which the chamber of commerce adopted as the official song for the city. In 1887, Vanderpool became Mayor of Maitland and during this time, acquired land for the city first cemetery. In 1892, he built the first packinghouse in Maitland, which was featured in TheGate City Chronicle as the state most modern and best packinghouse.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.]]> Maitland Historical Museum Collection, Maitland Collection, Orange County Collection. RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
The Vanderpool family was also heavily involved in civic affairs, which included the establishment of the town of Eatonville by Vanderpool and Josiah C. Eaton. The Vanderpools were paricipants in the creation of the Florida Audubon Society and the organization of the Maitland Public Library. Harriet Vanderpool, along with Bishop Henry C. Whipple, founded the Episcopal Church of the Good Shepherd, and, in 1927, she wrote the "Maitland Song," which the chamber of commerce adopted as the official song for the city. In 1887, Vanderpool became Mayor of Maitland and during this time, acquired land for the city first cemetery. In 1892, he built the first packinghouse in Maitland, which was featured in TheGate City Chronicle as the state most modern and best packinghouse.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.]]> Maitland Historical Museum Collection, Maitland Collection, Orange County Collection. RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Due to poor health, Coe moved with his wife and children from Connecticut to Jacksonville in 1874 and established an orange grove the following year four miles west of New Smyrna, an area that would later become Glencoe. In 1877, Coe became an editor for The Florida Star, a newspaper founded by his son, Captain Charles Henry Coe (1856-1954). In April of 1879, Coe was appointed Deputy Collector of Customs for the port at New Smyrna. Just a few months later, on October 23, Coe died of silicosis, likely a result of his work as a copper miner in Illinois during the 1840s. Coe is buried in at Hawks Park Cemetery in Edgewater.]]> Captain Charles Henry Coe Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Due to poor health, Coe moved with his wife and children from Connecticut to Jacksonville in 1874 and established an orange grove the following year four miles west of New Smyrna, an area that would later become Glencoe. In 1877, Coe became an editor for The Florida Star, a newspaper founded by his son, Captain Charles Henry Coe (1856-1954). In April of 1879, Coe was appointed Deputy Collector of Customs for the port at New Smyrna. Just a few months later, on October 23, Coe died of silicosis, likely a result of his work as a copper miner in Illinois during the 1840s. Coe is buried in at Hawks Park Cemetery in Edgewater.]]> Captain Charles Henry Coe Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Oviedo Historical Society Collection, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Barnett migrated from Columbia County to Oviedo and married Lee in 1867. The couple settled near Lake Charm in the Lake Jesup community (present-day Oviedo) in 1874 and had nine children, including William "Wiley" Lee (1869-1905); John Theodore Lee (1871-1959); Mary Louise Lee (1876-1877); Annie Ethel Lee Carter; James Hiram Lee, Jr. (1890-1959); Charles Simeon Lee (1892-1991), George Lee Wheeler, and Lillian Della Lee Lawton (ca. 1883-1977).]]> Oviedo Historical Society Collection, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Oviedo Historical Society Collection, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Early Settlers of Orange County, Florida, printed in 1915 and published by Clarence E. Howard of Orlando, Florida. The book also includes an article "Early History of Orlando" written by J.N. Whitner of Sanford, Florida. This 68-page book contains the biographies of many of Orange County's early settlers.]]> Howard, Clarence E. Early Settlers of Orange County, Florida: Reminiscent-Historic-Biographic. Orlando, Fla: C.E. Howard, 1915.]]> Early Settlers of Orange County, Florida: Reminiscent-Historic-Biographic. Orlando, Fla: C.E. Howard, 1915.]]> Thomas Cook Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
A notable resident listed in the record is Gerald Wilford Near (1922-1995). Born on May 27, 1922, in Detroit, Michigan, Near married Ruth Marie Harris in Fulton County, Ohio, on August 17, 1941. On October 15, 1942, Near enlisted in the United States Marine Corps. He was assigned to the 12th Defense Battalion in January 1943, where he would remain for the majority of his military career. Near’s unit arrived at Woodlark Island, New Guinea, in June 1943, where they protected a United States airfield that screened the landings in the Solomon Islands. Near left the 12th Defense Battalion around June 1944, when the unit became redesignated as the 12th Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion. He returned to the United States and reported to the Marine Barracks at the Navy Yard in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in July 1944. Near was discharged from the Marine Corps as a Corporal on February 14, 1946. He died on November 17, 1995, in Venice, Florida, and was memorialized at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida, on January 9, 1996.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> United States Census Bureau]]> United States Census Bureau]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection ]]> United States Census Bureau. ]]>
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A notable resident listed in this record is Peter Nadzeika. Born in Newark, New Jersey, in 1919, Nadzeika's parents immigrated to the United States from Lithuania. He spent most of his childhood with his family in Parsippany, New Jersey, where the family owned a farm and later a tavern. Nadzeika enlisted in the United States Army in March of 1941, and served in the 870th Ordnance Heavy Automotive Maintenance Company, which was part of the Persian Gulf Command during World War II. Nadzeika was wounded during the war. After his service, he started a family and owned a tavern. Around 1975, he moved to New Port Richey, Florida, where he passed away in 1996. He is buried at the Florida National Cemetery.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> United States Census Bureau]]> United States Census Bureau]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection]]> United States Census Bureau.]]>
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0:13:12 Joining the Orlando Gay Chorus
0:20:54 Role in the Orlando Gay Chorus and favorite productions
0:24:21 Mass shooting at Pulse nightclub
0:26:12 Role in the Orlando Gay Chorus and favorite productions (continued)
0:27:58 Women in the chorus
0:31:04 Orlando Gay Chorus’s response to Pulse tragedy
0:37:58 Changing community attitudes on homosexuality
0:41:57 Missing out on initial vigils, memorials and outreaches
0:44:23 Physical challenges
0:45:31 First responders breakfast
0:48:18 Long-term consequences of Pulse tragedy
0:52:27 Closing remarks]]> RICHES, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> RICHES of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> RICHES]]> Orlando Remembered Exhibit, Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida.]]> Orlando Remembered Exhibit, Downtown Orlando Post Office, Downtown Orlando, Florida.]]> Downtown Orlando Post Office Collection, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Orange County Regional History Center and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
The Clyde Line was established by Thomas Clyde in 1844 and connected Philadelphia, Pennsylvania with other east coast ports. In 1872, the headquarters moved to New York and began connections with the Caribbean Islands. Charles W. Morse's Consolidated Steamship Lines purchased the company in 1907, only to collapse the following year. In 1911, the Atlantic, Gulf & West Indies Steamship Lines began operating Clyde Line, which continued to be used under that name until 1932 when the line was combined with the Mallory Line to form the Clyde-Mallory Line. The Clyde-Mallory Line operated until 1949 when it was sold to the Bull Line.]]> State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> State Library and Archives of Florida]]> http://floridamemory.com/items/show/160931.]]> Postcard Collection, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> Sanford Riverfront Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Sanford, page 58.]]> State Library and Archives of Florida, and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Seminole Soil and Water Conservation District.]]>

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This resource is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to Section 24 of the Florida Constitution.]]> State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> State Library and Archives of Florida]]> http://floridamemory.com/items/show/162965.]]> Postcard Collection, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> Sanford Riverfront Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> State Library and Archives of Florida, and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> 0:00:35 Growing up in New Smyrna Beach
0:01:20 Surfing influences
0:02:23 Others' perception of surfers
0:04:24 Surfing memories and impact on Wright's life
0:06:40 Evolution of surfing
0:08:49 Traveling to surf
0:10:16 Surfing as an adult
0:10:47 Inspiration for surfing
0:11:41 How surfing affects society
0:13:03 Obstacles and injuries
0:14:48 Emotions that surfing invokes
0:16:43 Career and education
0:17:46 Learning to surf
0:18:55 How surfing influences his life outside of the beach
0:19:29 Surfboard preference
0:20:20 Teaching others to surf
0:20:49 Surfing contests
0:22:47 Other water activities
0:23:36 How New Smyrna Beach was affected by surfing
0:25:16 East Coast Surfing Museum
0:26:47 Surfing magazine]]> Daytona State College, New Smyrna Beach, Florida.]]> Daytona State College ]]> Daytona State College Collection, Volusia County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> School for Behavior and Social Sciences.]]> Daytona State College and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Epinal American Cemetery Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> ]]> ]]>
A notable soldier listed in the photograph's description is Clifford C. Adams (1923-1944). Adams was born in Charleston, SC, but raised in Overtown, FL. A suburb of Miami, Overtown became a center for Miami’s black community at a time when Miami was becoming increasingly segregated. The Army assigned Adams to the 761st Tank Battalion and landed him and his comrades in France on October 9, 1944. During the Battalion’s first combat mission, Adams was struck in the chest by an exploding shell while giving medical attention to another soldier; he died later that day.

The Florida-France Soldiers Stories Project seeks to tell the stories of the Florida soldiers buried in the American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries in France. Our goal is to honor and commemorate the brave individuals who gave their lives supporting the Allied forces, liberating France, and defeating Germany in the Second World War. Simultaneously, our goal is to teach the students who participate in this research project about the history of France and Florida during World War II, about the history of individual servicemen, and about how to implement historical research methods in their work.]]> ]]> ]]> ]]> Florida-France Soldier Stories Project Collection, RICHES.]]> ]]> ]]> ]]>
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A notable soldier listed in this record is William H. Walden. Born and raised in Virgo County, Indiana, Walden married Mary E. Cook in Richmond, Virginia, on November 11, 1884. On November 1, 1892, Walden enlisted in the United States Army, serving as a blacksmith in the Company K Tenth United States Cavalry. This unit travelled to Florida to prepare for deployment to Cuba, but Company K remained in the United States. Walden died on July 17, 1898, from acute peritonitis caused by an incision wound across the chest and abdomen. Originally buried in the Lakeland City Cemetery in Lakeland, Florida, he now rests in the Saint Augustine National Cemetery in St. Augustine, Florida, in Section A, Grave Number 130.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for K-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection]]> ]]>
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This resource is provided here by RICHES for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to Section 5 of Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code.]]> Untitled, an oil painting by Orlando native Maury Hurt (1934-2013), who graduated from the University of Florida with a design degree in 1956. Hurt continued to work in the graphic arts fields for several years after serving a short tour in the U.S. Army before abandoning the profession to become a full-time painter. From a studio at the Art & History Museums’s Maitland Art Center, Hurt’s work centered on primitive and archaic themes often focusing on the relationship of humans, animals, and early prehistoric life. Hurst, along with Bill Orr, was instrumental in leading the movement to save the Art Center from developers in the 1960s. His legacy lies in his masterful work and is mentorship of artists across Central Florida.]]> Untitled: Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.]]> Untitled.]]> Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.]]> Art Legends of Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Art & History Museums - Maitland and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> RICHES]]> Sumner Hutcheson III Collection, Miami-Dade County Collection, RICHES.]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> RICHES]]> Sumner Hutcheson III Collection, Miami-Dade County Collection, RICHES.]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> RICHES]]> Sumner Hutcheson III Collection, Miami-Dade County Collection, RICHES.]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> RICHES]]> Sumner Hutcheson III Collection, Miami-Dade County Collection, RICHES.]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> RICHES]]> Sumner Hutcheson III Collection, Miami-Dade County Collection, RICHES.]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> 0:00:24 Growing up in Brownsville, the entrepreneurship of his parents and meeting Black musical artists in his fathers store
0:03:42 His grandfather, Sumner Hutcheson I, being influenced by Marcus Garvey and immigrating to the United States from the Bahamas
0:05:30 His grandparents move back to Miami, his grandfathers entrepreneurship, and his familys businesses
0:09:08 The history of Brownsville and the types of professionals in the community
0:15:02 Attending grade school, and educators that influenced him and his sister
0:17:54 His father attending Bethune-Cookman University and joining the schools first football team
0:20:37 His father facing discrimination while traveling with his football team and the power of Mary McLeod Bethune
0:24:16 The role of friends in the Jewish community in his fathers businesses
0:25:34 Lessons learned from his father, facing discrimination on the high school swim team and his fathers response
0:29:31 The consequences of racial integration, and growing up around the Latino community
0:34:32 Attending Bethune-Cookman and Barry Universities, becoming involved in the American Red Cross and his career experience with the organization, including working for Elizabeth Dole
0:39:00 Retiring from the Red Cross, selling real estate, and returning to work for the Red Cross
0:41:45 Retiring from the Red Cross for the second time, and becoming Vice-President of University Advancement at Bethune-Cookman
0:44:24 Retiring from Bethune-Cookman and immediately being recruited to work for Florida International University
0:45:44 His life after retirement doing consulting work and working with the Peace and Justice Institute
0:48:02 Meeting Presidents John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Bill Clinton, Ronald Reagan and George W. Bush
0:56:40 Finding a last-minute helicopter to bring Bernadine Healy to the Mary McLeod Bethune home
1:03:21 His closing remarks]]> RICHES of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.]]> RICHES]]> RICHES, Orlando, Florida.]]> Sumner Hutcheson III Collection, Miami-Dade County Collection, RICHES.]]> QuickTime.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES]]>
During that period, Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891), the owner of Belair Grove, actively courted President Arthur and high-ranking Republicans in the U.S Congress as part of his bid to win recognition in the country, and with it, international legitimacy, for King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium's colonial enterprise in the Congo, what would become known as the Congo Free State. In 1883, acting on behalf of the King Leopold, Sanford mounted a lobbying campaign in Washington, D.C. Preceding these efforts, Sanford regularly corresponded with the President and influential legislators about the Belgian Congo. As part of his lobbying efforts, Sanford regularly sent boxes of Florida oranges to high-ranking officials. This list of recipients reflects the efforts of Sanford to sway public figures in positions of power.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Belair Grove Collection, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
During that period, Henry Shelton Sanford (1823-1891), the owner of Belair Grove, actively courted President Arthur and high-ranking Republicans in the U.S Congress as part of his bid to win recognition in the country, and with it, international legitimacy, for King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium's colonial enterprise in the Congo, what would become known as the Congo Free State. In 1883, acting on behalf of the King Leopold, Sanford mounted a lobbying campaign in Washington, D.C. Preceding these efforts, Sanford regularly corresponded with the President and influential legislators about the Belgian Congo. As part of his lobbying efforts, Sanford regularly sent boxes of Florida oranges to high-ranking officials. This list of recipients reflects the efforts of Sanford to sway public figures in positions of power.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Belair Grove Collection, Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
Although the letter does not state so explicitly, it was likely written in reference to Lake Apopka, which is one of Florida’s largest lakes and was once considered to be one of the world’s best lakes for bass fishing. The lake’s sport fish population began to decline in the 1960s, with major die-offs occurring almost yearly. The lake’s problems are generally considered to be the result of over-nutrification from various sources. Twenty thousand acres of wetlands bordering the lake’s north shore were drained in the 1940s and used for highly fertile “muck farms.” These farms were routinely flooded to protect the fragile soil, and the fertilizer and pesticide-laden water was then discharged back into the lake prior to each growing season. Other sources of pollution include discharge from citrus processing operations, as well as treated wastewater from sewage plants. The nutrient-rich discharge promoted algae growth in the lake, turning the water to a green color, and blocked sunlight from reaching aquatic vegetation, which provided food and habit to the lake’s fish population. The lake’s bottom soil became increasingly “mucky,” also disrupting aquatic vegetation from taking root.

Restoration work on the lake began in the 1960s with attempts by various agencies to remove “trash fish,” such as gizzard shad, from the lake via seining, which would hopefully allow the lake’s sportfish to thrive. The Lake Apopka Restoration Council, an initiative formed under Governor Claude Kirk (1926-2011) in 1967, launched several studies to find methods to improve the lake, though no serious action was taken. Various methods were debated to restore the lake through the 1970s and 1980s, including “drawdown,” which entailed completely draining the lake to allow the mucky bottom to consolidate. Restoration attempts were stalled for lack of funding and research.

The Lake Apopka Restoration Council was reformed in 1985 under Governor Bob Graham (b. 1936), and, in 1987, the Surface Water and Improvement Management Act was passed. Together, these actions allowed comprehensive restoration plans to take shape, such as the Marsh Flow-way, a project by the St John’s Water Management District that uses natural methods to remove nutrients from the lake. The Friends of Lake Apopka, a citizen environmental advocacy group, began to push for further restoration efforts in the 1990s. The lake’s north shore muck farms were eventually purchased by the State of Florida, helping to reduce the amount of nutrient entering the lake.]]> Oakland Nature Preserve, Oakland, Florida.]]> Oakland Nature Preserve, Oakland, Florida.]]> Friends of Lake Apopka Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]>

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Geneva, Florida 32732]]> Seminole County Centennial Celebration Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Rural Heritage Center holds all rights to the items housed within the institution as well as those items represented digitally on RICHES MI. Contact the Rural Heritage Center for the proper permissions for the use of its items.]]>
A notable person listed is Willard Kenneth Paeplow. Paeplow was born on June 6, 1926, in Buffalo, New York. On April 21, 1944, just before his eighteenth birthday, he joined the United States Navy, where he served until June 1947. During his enlistment, Paeplow served on the USS Springfield (CL-66). He was present when the ship escorted President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to the Malta Conference in January 1945. Paeplow enlisted in the United States Navy again in June 1964, and served another twenty-two years, before retiring in June 1986. He passed away on April 22, 1993, and is buried in the Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection]]> ]]>
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The Vanderpool family was also heavily involved in civic affairs, which included the establishment of the town of Eatonville by Vanderpool and Josiah C. Eaton. The Vanderpools were paricipants in the creation of the Florida Audubon Society and the organization of the Maitland Public Library. Harriet Vanderpool, along with Bishop Henry C. Whipple, founded the Episcopal Church of the Good Shepherd, and, in 1927, she wrote the "Maitland Song," which the chamber of commerce adopted as the official song for the city. In 1887, Vanderpool became Mayor of Maitland and during this time, acquired land for the city first cemetery. In 1892, he built the first packinghouse in Maitland, which was featured in The Gate City Chronicle as the state most modern and best packinghouse.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland, Maitland, Florida.]]> Maitland Historical Museum Collection, Maitland Collection, Orange County Collection. RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Maitland Historical Museum, Art & History Museums - Maitland and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Federal Energy Regulatory Commission v. Mississippi (1982).]]> Westinghouse Electric Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Epinal American Cemetery Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> University of Central Florida, Department of History, Orlando, Florida.]]> University of Central Florida Department of History, Orlando, Florida.]]> Downtown Orlando Information Center Collection, Orlando Remembered Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Orange County Regional History Center and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Bell Towers, an oil painting created by William "Bill" Sterling Jenkins in 1941. The painting depicts the small town of Taxco de Alarcón in Mexico.

Jenkins received his Bachelor of Fine Arts in 1934 from the University of Florida and was awarded a postgraduate scholarship to study art at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Florence, Italy. He spent several intensive years traveling through Europe by rail and bicycle, creating figure and landscape paintings. Upon his return, he established an art school in Columbus, Georgia. In 1942, he married Alice Moberg after meeting her in Mexico, where he studied silversmithing. Following a brief stint in the U.S. Army, Jenkins received an honorable discharge after contracting pneumonia and was sent to the Veterans Administration hospital in Orlando, Florida, to recuperate. He then worked for the VA and pioneered a program of rehabilitative art therapy classes for veterans.

After earning his master’s degree in psychology from Florida State University in 1950, he settled in Winter Park and established Jenkins Construction Company, building many residential communities and shopping centers. In 1975, Jenkins established Crealdé School of Art, donating the organization and the property to the community in 1990. He also established the Jenkins Chair at the University of Central Florida, and donated the majority of his paintings to the UCF Art Gallery.]]> Bell Towers, 1941: Private Collection of the Jenkins Family.]]> Bell Towers, 1941.]]> Art Legends of Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Parramore Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Parramore Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Parramore Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Bordered on the east by Division Street and on the west by Orange Blossom Trail (OBT), the Parramore began as an agricultural community. Parramore was historically a segregated African-American community and now comprises three separate downtown neighborhoods: Lake Dot, Callahan, and Holden-Parramore.

Once an economically thriving area and the home of many prominent black businesses and institutions, including the Wells’ Built Hotel, South Street Casino, and Wallace’s Beauty Mill, Parramore suffered under Jim Crow segregation, and has lost 65 percent of its population in the last 50 years. It is now one of Orlando’s poorest neighborhoods, with an unemployment rate of 23.8 percent in 2015. However, neighborhood institutions like the Well's Built Museum of African American History and Culture, housed in the historic Wells’ Built Hotel, have worked to preserve memorabilia from Orlando’s African-American community and the local civil rights movement. Current plans to revitalize the Parramore area focus on maintaining its black heritage and culture while building new businesses, schools, and improved housing.]]> Parramore Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Bordered on the east by Division Street and on the west by Orange Blossom Trail (OBT), the Parramore began as an agricultural community. Parramore was historically a segregated African-American community and now comprises three separate downtown neighborhoods: Lake Dot, Callahan, and Holden-Parramore.

Once an economically thriving area and the home of many prominent black businesses and institutions, including the Wells’ Built Hotel, South Street Casino, and Wallace’s Beauty Mill, Parramore suffered under Jim Crow segregation, and has lost 65 percent of its population in the last 50 years. It is now one of Orlando’s poorest neighborhoods, with an unemployment rate of 23.8 percent in 2015. However, neighborhood institutions like the Well's Built Museum of African American History and Culture, housed in the historic Wells’ Built Hotel, have worked to preserve memorabilia from Orlando’s African-American community and the local civil rights movement. Current plans to revitalize the Parramore area focus on maintaining its black heritage and culture while building new businesses, schools, and improved housing.]]> Parramore Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Once an economically thriving area and the home of many prominent black businesses and institutions, including the Wells’ Built Hotel, South Street Casino, and Wallace’s Beauty Mill, Parramore suffered under Jim Crow segregation, and has lost 65 percent of its population in the last 50 years. It is now one of Orlando’s poorest neighborhoods, with an unemployment rate of 23.8 percent in 2015. However, neighborhood institutions like the Well's Built Museum of African American History and Culture, housed in the historic Wells’ Built Hotel, have worked to preserve memorabilia from Orlando’s African-American community and the local civil rights movement. Current plans to revitalize the Parramore area focus on maintaining its black heritage and culture while building new businesses, schools, and improved housing.]]> Parramore Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Once an economically thriving area and the home of many prominent black businesses and institutions, including the Wells’ Built Hotel, South Street Casino, and Wallace’s Beauty Mill, Parramore suffered under Jim Crow segregation, and has lost 65 percent of its population in the last 50 years. It is now one of Orlando’s poorest neighborhoods, with an unemployment rate of 23.8 percent in 2015. However, neighborhood institutions like the Well's Built Museum of African American History and Culture, housed in the historic Wells’ Built Hotel, have worked to preserve memorabilia from Orlando’s African-American community and the local civil rights movement. Current plans to revitalize the Parramore area focus on maintaining its black heritage and culture while building new businesses, schools, and improved housing.]]> Parramore Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Bordered on the east by Division Street and on the west by Orange Blossom Trail (OBT), the Parramore began as an agricultural community. Parramore was historically a segregated African-American community and now comprises three separate downtown neighborhoods: Lake Dot, Callahan, and Holden-Parramore.

Once an economically thriving area and the home of many prominent black businesses and institutions, including the Wells’ Built Hotel, South Street Casino, and Wallace’s Beauty Mill, Parramore suffered under Jim Crow segregation, and has lost 65 percent of its population in the last 50 years. It is now one of Orlando’s poorest neighborhoods, with an unemployment rate of 23.8 percent in 2015. However, neighborhood institutions like the Well's Built Museum of African American History and Culture, housed in the historic Wells’ Built Hotel, have worked to preserve memorabilia from Orlando’s African-American community and the local civil rights movement. Current plans to revitalize the Parramore area focus on maintaining its black heritage and culture while building new businesses, schools, and improved housing.]]> Parramore Collection, Orlando Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Changing South, an oil painting created by William "Bill" Sterling Jenkins in 1940. The painting depicts two African-American boys in Alabama.

Jenkins received his Bachelor of Fine Arts in 1934 from the University of Florida and was awarded a postgraduate scholarship to study art at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Florence, Italy. He spent several intensive years traveling through Europe by rail and bicycle, creating figure and landscape paintings. Upon his return, he established an art school in Columbus, Georgia. In 1942, he married Alice Moberg after meeting her in Mexico, where he studied silversmithing. Following a brief stint in the U.S. Army, Jenkins received an honorable discharge after contracting pneumonia and was sent to the Veterans Administration hospital in Orlando, Florida, to recuperate. He then worked for the VA and pioneered a program of rehabilitative art therapy classes for veterans.

After earning his master’s degree in psychology from Florida State University in 1950, he settled in Winter Park and established Jenkins Construction Company, building many residential communities and shopping centers. In 1975, Jenkins established Crealdé School of Art, donating the organization and the property to the community in 1990. He also established the Jenkins Chair at the University of Central Florida, and donated the majority of his paintings to the UCF Art Gallery.]]> The Changing South, 1940: University of Central Florida Art Gallery, Orlando, Florida.]]> University of Central Florida Art Gallery, Orlando, Florida.]]> Art Legends of Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Francis served her community in several ways. She delivered babies for both white and black families from Seminole County, primarily patrons who either preferred natural births or could not afford deliveries at a hospital. In the 1950s, it cost $70 to stay nine days where soon-to-be mothers were taken care of. Francis was assisted by her sister, Annie Walker, who did the cooking. The house and ward also served as a school, where Marie Francis taught nurses the art of midwifery. Nurses would come from across the state to learn how to delivery infants naturally. A heavy burden on a single working mother, Marie Francis had three daughters, Cassandra Clayton, Daphne Humphrey, and Barbara Torre. Clayton and Humphrey became school teachers and Torre became a purchaser at Seminole Memorial Hospital.]]> The Seminole Herald, February 16, 2003: Private Collection of Daphne F. Humphrey.]]> The Seminole Herald, February 16, 2003.]]> The Seminole Herald, February 16, 2003, page 1C.]]> Marie Jones Francis Collection, RICHES of Central Florida, Georgetown Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> The Seminole Herald.]]> The Seminole Herald and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> WUCF-FM, Orlando, Florida, April 23, 2007: WUCF-FM, University of Central Florida.]]> WUCF-FM]]> Jazz Collection, Central Florida Music History Collection, RICHES of Central Florida]]> QuickTime.]]> WUCF-FM.]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The list of demands set forth by the BSU (Black Student Union) are concerning the immediate approval and implementation of specific programs that would benefit the student body, faculty and promote general equality for the student organization.
]]> President, Black Student Affairs
]]> The list of demands set forth by the BSU (Black Student Union) are concerning the immediate approval and implementation of specific programs that would benefit the student body, faculty and promote general equality for the student organization.
]]> President, Black Student Affairs
]]>
"Black Student Union Constitution" Black Student Union - About Us, Accessed April 06, 2017. https://ucf.collegiatelink.net/organization/blackstudentunion/about.]]> The list of demands set forth by the BSU (Black Student Union) are concerning the immediate approval and implementation of specific programs that would benefit the student body, faculty and promote general equality for the student organization.
]]> President, Black Student Affairs
]]> Department of Commerce Collection, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> Naval Training Center - Orlando, Florida." Image number C674898, shelf number SN037461, Department of Commerce Collection, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> Department of Commerce Collection, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> State Library and Archives of Florida and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Department of Commerce Collection, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> Naval Training Center - Orlando, Florida," image number c674899, shelf number SN037544, Department of Commerce Collection, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> Department of Commerce Collection, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> State Library and Archives of Florida and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Department of Commerce Collection, shelf number SN037545, image number c674896, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> Unidentified sailor at the Naval Training Center - Orlando, Florida." Department of Commerce Collection, shelf number SN037545, image number c674896, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida. http://www.floridamemory.com/items/show/58870.]]> Department of Commerce Collection, shelf number SN037545, Florida Photographic Collection, State Library and Archives of Florida, Tallahassee, Florida.]]> Lone Sailor Navy Memorial History Project Collection, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> State Library and Archives of Florida and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> handwritten census record by Earle L. C. Johnson, April 4, 1930: Image Number 00007, Digital Folder Number 004964404, GS Film Number 1820222, Affiliate Film Number 222, Affiliate Publication Number T625, National Archives &]]> , Washington, D.C.]]> Bureau of the Census]]> National Archives &]]> , Washington, D.C.]]> Epinal American Cemetery Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Bureau of the Census.]]>

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Originally called the Westinghouse Electric Company, George Westinghouse (1846-1914) founded his manufacturing company in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on January 8, 1886. In 1889, he renamed his business The Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. Westinghouse's primary products include turbines, generators, motors and switchgear related to the generation, transmission, and use of electricity. The company changed its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. In 1981, the company began to relocate its division headquarters for the Steam-Turbine Generator Divisions from Pennsylvania (turbines from Lester and generators from Pittsburgh) to Orlando, Florida. The Power Generation Business Unit (PGBU) building was located in The Quadrangle, at 4400 Alafaya Trail. Originally, Westinghouse had purchased a large plot of land for future development that extended westward from Alafaya Trail to Rouse Road. The original headquarters was located on several acres of that land parcel close to Alafaya Trail.

As the PGBU grew in size, other buildings were rented and then, after PGBU was sold to Siemens Corporation, additional buildings were added to the complex. In 1994, after a major corporate management shuffling and commitment to change from an industrial manufacturing company to primarily a broadcasting/communications company, Westinghouse bought the CBS Network and changed its name to the CBS Corporation. As the PGBU grew in size, other buildings were rented and then, after PGBU was sold to Siemens Corporation in 1998, additional buildings were added to the Quadrangle.]]> Westinghouse Electric Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Siemens and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> Henry Shelton Sanford Papers Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Connecticut Historical Society after 1901.]]> Tennessee State Library and Archives for processing until June 1, 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in 1960.]]> Sanford Museum in Sanford, Florida. Rights to this item belong to the said institution, and therefore inquiries about the item should be directed there. RICHES of Central Florida has obtained permission from the Sanford Museum to display this item for educational purposes only.]]>
Lake Apopka is one of Florida’s largest lakes and was once considered to be one of the world’s best lakes for bass fishing. The lake’s sport fish population began to decline in the 1960s, with major die-offs occurring almost yearly. The lake’s problems are generally considered to be the result of over-nutrification from various sources. Twenty thousand acres of wetlands bordering the lake’s north shore were drained in the 1940s and used for highly fertile “muck farms.” These farms were routinely flooded to protect the fragile soil, and the fertilizer and pesticide-laden water was then discharged back into the lake prior to each growing season. Other sources of pollution include discharge from citrus processing operations, as well as treated wastewater from sewage plants. The nutrient-rich discharge promoted algae growth in the lake, turning the water to a green color, and blocked sunlight from reaching aquatic vegetation, which provided food and habit to the lake’s fish population. The lake’s bottom soil became increasingly “mucky,” also disrupting aquatic vegetation from taking root.

Restoration work on the lake began in the 1960s with attempts by various agencies to remove “trash fish,” such as gizzard shad, from the lake via seining, which would hopefully allow the lake’s sportfish to thrive. The Lake Apopka Restoration Council, an initiative formed under Governor Claude Kirk (1926-2011) in 1967, launched several studies to find methods to improve the lake, though no serious action was taken. Various methods were debated to restore the lake through the 1970s and 1980s, including “drawdown,” which entailed completely draining the lake to allow the mucky bottom to consolidate. Restoration attempts were stalled for lack of funding and research.

The Lake Apopka Restoration Council was reformed in 1985 under Governor Bob Graham (b. 1936), and, in 1987, the Surface Water and Improvement Management Act was passed. Together, these actions allowed comprehensive restoration plans to take shape, such as the Marsh Flow-way, a project by the St John’s Water Management District that uses natural methods to remove nutrients from the lake. The Friends of Lake Apopka, a citizen environmental advocacy group, began to push for further restoration efforts in the 1990s. The lake’s north shore muck farms were eventually purchased by the State of Florida, helping to reduce the amount of nutrient entering the lake.]]> Oakland Nature Preserve, Oakland, Florida.]]> Oakland Nature Preserve, Oakland, Florida.]]> Friends of Lake Apopka Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]>

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Sanford High School was originally established at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida, in 1902. The building was designed by W. G. Talley in the Romanesque revival style. Due to an increasing student population, a new school building was constructed on Sanford Avenue in 1911. The original building on Seventh Street served as Westside Grammar Elementary School, which was later renamed Sanford Grammar School. In 1984, the building was placed on the National Registry of Historic Places and converted into the Student Museum. The building reopened as the University of Central Florida's Public History Center in 2012. In 1927, a high school campus was designed by Elton J. Moughton in the Mediterranean revival style and constructed at 1700 French Avenue. The school reopened on January 10 and was renamed Seminole High School. In 1960, the high school moved to a new campus at 2701 Ridgewood Avenue and the former building on French Avenue was converted to Sanford Junior High School, which was later renamed Sanford Middle School. The old building was demolished in the summer of 1991 and replaced by a $5.77 million school complex. As of 2013, Seminole High School offers various Advanced Placement courses, the Academy for Health Careers, and the International Baccalaureate Programme for students.]]> UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> UCF Public History Center, Sanford, Florida.]]> Seminole County Public Schools Collection, Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> UCF Public History Center and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>
Thomas Robert Savage was born on March 27, 1892 in Eastern Shore, Virginia. Though little is known about his childhood and early life, we do know he could read and write. On June 5, 1917, Savage, like many, registered for the draft in Portsmouth, Virginia. It is likely he married his wife, Della, before being inducted and serving in Europe. He was inducted into the United States Army on August 3, 1918 and served as a corporal in Company C of the 540th Engineers. From October 27, 1918 to May 21, 1919, Savage and his unit worked overseas in a behind-the-lines role, repairing roads and building barracks to keep the rest of the army moving. After returning to the United States, he resumed life with his wife. They eventually moved to Maryland, where Savage worked as a driver. He died on April 7, 1941. He is buried in the St. Augustine National Cemetery, Florida at Section D Grave 3.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection]]>
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This resource is provided here by RICHES for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to Section 5 of Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code.]]> The Cher-O-Key, the bimonthly school newspaper published by the Journalism Club of Cherokee Junior High School, which was located at 550 South Eola Drive in Orlando, Florida when it opened in 1927.

The Volume I, Number 7 edition was published on March 8, 1929 and cost one cent. Articles in the newspaper include awards that the school one at the Central Florida Exhibition, a new picture file in the school library, a ninth grade debate, a perfomance by the Hi-Y Club, student editorials, a calendar of event, exchanges with other schools' newspapers, Thelma Jones' contest-winning limerick, club news, a short story about two West Virginian slaves during the American Civil War, personal news from teachers, sports news, and a humor section.

]]> Cherokee Junior High School]]> Original school newspaper by Robert Cox, ed.: The Cher-O-Key Vol. I No. 6. March 8, 1929. Private Collection of Thomas Cook.

]]> Journalism Club of Cherokee Junior High School

]]> Digital reproduction of original school newspaper by Robert Cox, ed.: The Cher-O-Key Vol. I No. 6. March 8, 1929

]]> Thomas Cook Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.

]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Originally edited by Robert Cox and published by the Journalism Club of Cherokee Junior High School.

]]> Copyright to this resource is held by Cherokee School and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.

]]> The Cher-O-Key, the bimonthly school newspaper published by the Journalism Club of Cherokee Junior High School, which was located at 550 South Eola Drive in Orlando, Florida when it opened in 1927. The Volume I, Number 101 edition was published on May 16, 1929 and cost one cent. Article topics in the newspaper include the ninth grad banquet, Allen Hage's award as best citizen at Cherokee, the sixth grade visit to the school, Mothers Day, final examinations for the school year, club news, Cherokee's win at the Orange County track meet, the selection of members for the Honor Society, school sports and physical fitness, and humor.]]> Cherokee Junior High School]]> The Cher-O-Key Vol. I No. 1. May 17, 1929: Private Collection of Thomas Cook.]]> Cherokee Junior High School]]> The Cher-O-Key Vol. I No. 1. May 17, 1929.]]> Thomas Cook Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Cherokee Junior High School.]]> Cherokee School and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Cher-O-Key, the bimonthly school newspaper published by the Journalism Club of Cherokee Junior High School, which was located at 550 South Eola Drive in Orlando, Florida when it opened in 1927. The Volume I, Number 1 edition was published on November 9, 1928 and cost one cent. Articles in the newspaper include Professor Grover of Rollins College's address to Cherokee Junior High, grade percentages, the activities of the Journalism Club, the Parent-Teacher Assocation, a calendar of events, merit cards issues to students, Roberta Barnett's essay for the Florida State Dental Assocatin, social activities at the scool, a ruling by the Board of Education, new rules for eligibility for sports, and the temperance movement.]]> The Cher-O-Key Vol. I No. 1. November 9, 1928. Private Collection of Thomas Cook.]]> The Cher-O-Key Vol. I No. 1. November 9, 1928.]]> Thomas Cook Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.

]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Cher-O-Key, the bimonthly school newspaper published by the Journalism Club of Cherokee Junior High School, which was located at 550 South Eola Drive in Orlando, Florida when it opened in 1927. The Volume I, Number 5 edition was published on February 1, 1929 and cost one cent. Articles in the newspaper include Thrift Week, a speech by Dr. J. Dean Adcock of the First Baptist Church, Student Council's visit to the Orlando Municipal Auditorium, the theatrical production "The Family Album", student editorials, a calendar of events, Cherokee Junior High's Bookbinding Department, the Expression Club's theatrical productions, the activities of the Margaret F. S. Flace's art class, personal news from students, sports news, the school's new projection lantern, and students from local Orlando elementary schools who were promoted to junior high school.]]> Original school newspaper by Ruth Wetherington, ed.: The Cher-O-Key Vol. I No. 5. February 1, 1929: Private Collection of Thomas Cook.

]]> Journalism Club of Cherokee Junior High School

]]> Digital reproduction of original school newspaper by Ruth Wetherington, ed.:The Cher-O-Key Vol. I No. 5. February 1, 1929.

]]> Thomas Cook Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.

]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> Originally edited by Ruth Wetherington and published by the Journalism Club of Cherokee Junior High School.

]]> Copyright to this resource is held by Cherokee School and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.

]]> RICHES]]> Sumner Hutcheson III Collection, Miami-Dade County Collection, RICHES.]]> RICHES.]]> RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> ]]> Oshihiyi, the 1917 Stetson University yearbook. This page focuses on the students enrolled in the Business College, including Paul Hon (1898-1918). Students' nicknames, favorite sayings, ambitions, gifts and pastimes were recorded for posterity.

Paul Hon was born in July 1898, in Orleans, Indiana, and moved with his family to DeLand, Florida, in 1900. The Hon family rose to prominence in DeLand, as Hon's father served on the Stetson University Board of Trustees and eventually had a dormitory building named in his honor. Paul Hon, the eldest son in his family, attended Stetson University as a student in the Business College. On May 10, 1917, he enlisted in the United States Army and served as part of Company B of the 1st Engineers until his death on July 20, 1918, during the Aisne-Marne Campaign. The 1st Engineers were often responsible for clearing roads and other such tasks, and occasionally served as support to other areas of the Army. Hon is considered MIA (Missing In Action), as his body has never been recovered. He is memorialized on the Tablets of the Missing at the Aisne-Marne American Cemetery in Belleau, France.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program continues, engaging a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in national cemeteries available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 headstones at four national cemeteries, two in Florida (Florida National Cemetery and St. Augustine National Cemetery) and two in France (American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries at Aisne-Marne and the Meuse-Argonne), where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection]]> ]]> Stetson University Library Archives, and is held here by RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> ]]> Oshihiyi, the 1919 Stetson University yearbook, memorializing Paul Hon (1898-1918). Though this dedication lists Hon's death as July 22, 1918, he actually died two days earlier, according to his military records.

Paul Hon was born in July 1898, in Orleans, Indiana, and moved with his family to DeLand, Florida, in 1900. The Hon family rose to prominence in DeLand, as Hon's father served on the Stetson University Board of Trustees and eventually had a dormitory building named in his honor. Paul Hon, the eldest son in his family, attended Stetson University as a student in the Business College. On May 10, 1917, he enlisted in the United States Army and served as part of Company B of the 1st Engineers until his death on July 20, 1918, during the Aisne-Marne Campaign. The 1st Engineers were often responsible for clearing roads and other such tasks, and occasionally served as support to other areas of the Army. Hon is considered MIA (Missing In Action), as his body has never been recovered. He is memorialized on the Tablets of the Missing at the Aisne-Marne American Cemetery in Belleau, France.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program continues, engaging a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in national cemeteries available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 headstones at four national cemeteries, two in Florida (Florida National Cemetery and St. Augustine National Cemetery) and two in France (American Battle Monuments Commission cemeteries at Aisne-Marne and the Meuse-Argonne), where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection]]> ]]> Stetson University Library Archives, and is held here by RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> UCF News at the University of Central Florida's News and Information Office. Kruckemyer moved from Orlando to Sanford in 2004, following a series of hurricanes. He worked as a publisher for The Sanford Herald for three years and as an editor for The Orlando Sentinel for 33 years. This interview was conducted by Megan Kaczmarek at Kruckemyer's office at the University of Central Florida on October 31, 2012. Within the oral history, Kruckemyer discusses his involvement with the UCF Public History Center, located at 301 West Seventh Street in Sanford, Florida.]]> 0:02:30 Restoration of the school bell
0:07:10 Life in Sanford and working for The Sanford Herald and The Orlando Sentinel
0:11:02 Closing remarks]]> Student Museum and UCF Public History Center Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Adobe Flash Player.]]> Java.]]> Adobe Acrobat Reader]]> RICHES for educational purposes only.]]> Veterans--Florida]]>
Born in Russia on November 21, 1896, Kalinchuk immigrated to the United States on April 12, 1913. He enlisted in the United States Army on May 28, 1918. Soon after joining the Army, he became a naturalized United States citizen while stationed in Georgia. Kalinchuk fought in France during World War I, including in the Oise-Aisne offensive. He was wounded during that time and was awarded the Purple Heart. After his military service, Kalinchuk worked as a patternmaker and started a family in Cleveland. He later moved to Florida and passed away in Citrus, Florida, on December 7, 1966. He is buried at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell, Florida, with his son, Walter Kallin, who served in World War II.

In 2017, the University of Central Florida was one of three universities selected to launch the National Cemetery Administration’s Veterans Legacy Program Project. The program engaged a team of scholars to make the life stories of veterans buried in the Florida National Cemetery available to the public. The project engages UCF students in research and writing and fosters collaboration between students, faculty and local Central Florida schools to produce interactive curriculum for k-12 students. The corresponding website exhibit uses RICHES Mosaic Interface to create a digital archive of related data. The public can use the project-developed augmented-reality app at more than 100 gravesites at the Florida National Cemetery, where they can access the UCF student-authored biographies of veterans.]]> United States Department of Labor]]> United States Department of Labor]]> Veterans Legacy Program Collection ]]> ]]> United States Department of Labor.]]>
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This resource is provided here by RICHES for educational purposes only. For more information on copyright, please refer to Section 5 of Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code.]]>
The Vietnam War was a Cold War Era "military conflict". The war was originally waged between Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos. The United States became involved as a preventive measure to combat communism. The official date of the military conflict is November 1, 1955 and ending in April 1975. The date of the war has been disputed, but a study in 1998 by the Department of Defense definitively put the start of the Vietnam War as November 1, 1955. The first combat military troops 9th Marine Expeditionary Brigade didn't arrive until 1965. With the arrival of the combat troops came the first traditional battles of combat fighting in the war. During the Vietnam War, not only did American military go into battle with and for South Vietnam, the military also trained members of South Vietnam to fight alongside during the war. Peace talks were attempted, with France moderating, beginning on May 10, 1968. These talks were unsuccessful and lasted over three years. The longest battle of the Vietnam War began on January 21, 1968 and didn't end until the U.S. reclaimed Route 9 on April 8, 1968, seventy-seven days later. While the military conflict ended in 1975, it was a long process towards reunification and redevelopment as a country. The conflict left Vietnam in both political and economical ruins.

While the U.S. military was fighting overseas, Many American citizens protested the war at home. Demonstrations took place across the country with the most famous one being at Kent State University in Ohio. While this is the most well known demonstration it was not the first. Americans questioned the U.S. involvement in the war throughout.]]> 0:50 Family
2:40 Enlistment
4:06 Basic training
7:25 Navigator training
11:25 Advanced training
14:15 Planes flown
16:15 Bliville
19:30 Simulations/alerts
21:00 Macabre sense of humor
23:00 Thailand
27:20 Cambodian planes landing at Thailand base
29:30 After Thailand back to Bliville
30:20 Job promotion to Louisiana (4/5 years)
33:00 2 years in Nebraska/ SAC HQ
36:00 7th Air Division in Germany
38:00 Travel in Europe
42:08 post-Vietnam morale Air Force
45:24 length in Germany
46:00 Return to Florida flew around world still
49:52 General Schwarzkopf
51:00 General Hoar
52:28 Duties during Desert Storm
56:00 Working at UCF]]> Hite, Charles Lewis. Interviewed by Edmund Kallina. UCF Community Veterans History Project, D0010465. October 12, 2010. Audio/video record available. UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries]]> RICHES of Central Florida]]> http://www.loc.gov/vets/.]]> UCF Community Veterans History Project, Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries, Orlando, Florida.]]> Vietnam War Collection, UCF Community Veterans History Project Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> QuickTime.]]> Special Collections and University Archives, University of Central Florida Libraries.]]> http://library.ucf.edu.specialcollections/.]]> Pine Castle Historical Society, Pine Castle, Florida.]]> Onan Corporation]]> Sky Lake Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Onan Corporation.]]> Onan Corporation and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Pine Castle Historical Society, Pine Castle, Florida.]]> Onan Corporation]]> Sky Lake Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Onan Corporation.]]> Onan Corporation and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> Pine Castle Historical Society, Pine Castle, Florida.]]> Onan Corporation]]> Sky Lake Collection, Orange County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> Onan Corporation.]]> Onan Corporation and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Sentinel Star, offers a descriptive profile of Dr. George H. Starke's (1898-1978) history and accomplishments. Dr. Starke was a practicing medical doctor who opened his practice in Sanford, Florida, on September 15, 1927. Shortly thereafter, Dr. Starke became one of only four African-American physicians to be accepted by Harvard University for residency at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. He practiced for several years in Boston and then returned to Sanford in 1933 and continued to practice medicine until his death at age 80. For many years, Dr. Starke was the only African-American doctor in Sanford. Dr. Starke was also the first African-American doctor to acquire membership in the Florida Medical Association and the Seminole County Medical Association, as well as the second to join the American Medical Association. In 1971, the City of Sanford named George Starke Park, located at 1501 West Third Street, in his honor.]]> The Sentinel Star, September 11, 1977: Dr. George H. Starke Folder, General Henry S. Sanford Memorial Library, Sanford Museum, Sanford, Florida.]]> The Sentinel Star]]> The Sentinel Star, September 11, 1977.]]> Sanford Museum, Sanford Florida.]]> Celery Soup: Florida’s Folk Life Play Collection, Sanford Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> The Sentinel Star.]]> The Sentinel Star and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]> The Lion's Tale, Oviedo High School's student newspaper, in February of 1984. This article discusses the schedule changes affecting certain English teachers and their students in order to maintain funding from the Enhanced Writing Program.

Oviedo High School is a Seminole County Public School located in Oviedo, Florida. Originally called the Oviedo School, the institution was first established in 1922 as a K-12 school. In 1948, the secondary grades separated from the elementary school. The upper grade levels formed Oviedo High School and moved to the campus at 601 King Street. Oviedo High School is notable for The Lion's Tale, the award-winning school newspaper recognized by various national and state scholastic press associations; its high ratings from the Governor's A+ Plan for Education; and its successful athletics programs.]]> The Lion's Tale, Vol. XIII, No. 5, February 1984: Private Collection of Dan Beistel.]]> The Lion's Tale]]> The Lion's Tale, Vol. XIII, No. 5, February 1984.]]> Oviedo Historical Society Collection, Oviedo Collection, Seminole County Collection, RICHES of Central Florida.]]> The Lion's Tale.]]> The Lion's Tale and is provided here by RICHES of Central Florida for educational purposes only.]]>