Tags: 31st Congress; African American; AfriGeneas; AfriGeneas Library; American Civil War; Arthur P. Butler; border state; census; Congress; David E. Paterson; enumeration; federal government; George E. Badger; House of Representatives; John Davis; Joseph Rogers Underwood.; labor; laborer; legislative branch; legislator; legislature; Old South; plantation; population; race relations; racism; representative; secession; senator; slave; slave owner; slaveholder; slavemaster; slavery; South; The Congressional Globe; Thirty-First Congress; U.S. Census Bureau; unfree labor; William Henry Seward
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